PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS

A. PERMUTATIONS
1. A nickel and a dime are tossed on a table. In how many ways can they fall?
2. If all questions answered in a true-false quiz of ten questions, how many way
s are there of answering the entire quiz?
3. How many numbers of three different digits less than 500 can be formed from t
he integers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7?
4. If there are 12 milers entered in a race, in how many ways can first, second
and third place be awarded?
5. There are five main roads between the cities A and B, and four between B and
C. In how many ways can a person drive from A to C and return, going through B o
n both trips, without driving on the same road twice?
6. How many numbers of at most three different digits can be formed from the int
egers 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6?
7. How many numbers of at least three different digits can be formed from the in
tegers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6?
8. A tennis club consists of 12 boys and 9 girls. (a) How many mixed doubles tea
ms (one boy and one girl) are possible? (b) In how many ways can a mixed doubles
match be arranged?
9. A freshman student must take a modern language, a natural science, a social s
cience, And English. If there are four possible different modern languages, five
natural sciences, three social sciences, but each student must take the same En
glish course, in how many different ways can he select his course of study?
10. In selecting an ace, king, queen, and jack from an ordinary deck of 52 cards
, how many ways may we choose if: (a) they must be of different suits? (b) they
may or may not be of different suits? (c) they must be of the same suit? (d) the
y must be in a particular suit?
11. If there are eight outside doors in a dormitory, in how many ways can a stud
ent enter one and (a) leave by a different door? (b) leave by any door?
12. A baseball stadium has four entrance gates and nine exits. In how many ways
may two men enter together, but leave by different exits?
ANSWERS : A. PERMUTATIONS
1. 4
2. 1024
3. 120
4. 1320
5. 240
6. 156
7. 1920
8. (a) 108 (b) 9504
9. 60
10. (a) 2 4 (b) 256 (c) 4 (d) 1
11. (a) 56 (b) 64
12. 288
B. PERMUTATIONS
1. How many numbers of three different digits each can be formed from the digits
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9?
2. How many numbers of three different digits each less than 700 can be formed f
rom the digits in #1?
3. How many numbers of at most three different digits each can be formed from th
e digits in #1?
4. In how many ways can a class elect a president, vice-president, secretary, an
d treasurer from a class of 100 students?
5. In how many ways can four boys and three girls be seated in a row containing
seven seats (a) if they may sit anywhere? (b) if the boys and girls must alterna
te?
6. In how many ways can four boys and four girls be seated in a row containing e
ight seats (a) if they may sit anywhere? (b) if the boys and girls must alternat
e?
7. A baseball manager insists on having his best hitter bat fourth and the pitch

er bat last. In such circumstances, how many batting orders are possible?
8. In how many ways can eight people be seated in a row of eight seats if two pe
ople insist on sitting next to each other?
9. A language teacher wants to keep books of the same language together on his s
helf. If he has 12 spaces for 5 French, 4 Italian, and 3 German books, in how ma
ny ways can they be placed on his shelf?
10. In how many ways can eight people be seated around a table?
11. In how many ways can eight people be seated around a table if two people ins
ist on sitting next to each other?
12. How many license plates can be made using any two letters for the first two
places and any of the numbers 0 through 9 for the last three?
13. Do Problem 12, with the condition that no letter or number be repeated.
14. How many permutations are there of the letters of the word: (a) ALGEBRA (b)
COLLEGE
15. How may permutations are there of the letters of the word TENNESSEE?
16. In how many ways can four red beads, five white beads, and three blue beads
be arranged in a row?
17. In how many ways can seven different colored beads be made into a bracelet?
18. Show that n+1P5 = (n+1) n Pr-1.
19. Solve the equation nP5 = 20 n P3 for n.
20. Find the value of 5P1 + 5P2 + 5P3 + 5P4 + 5P5.
B. PERMUTATIONS
1. 504
2. 336
3. 585
4. 94 109 400
5. (a) 5040 (b) 144
6. (a) 40 320 (b) 1152
7. 5040
8. 10 080
9. 103 680
10. 5040
11. 1440
12. 676 000
13. 468 000
14. (a) 2520 (b) 1260
15. 15 120
16. 27 720
17. 360
18. Proof
19. n = 6
20. 325
C. PERMUTATIONS
1. (a) How many words of four different letters can be made from the letters A, E,
I, O, R, S, T? (b) How many of them begin with a vowel and end with a consonant
?
2. (a) How many numbers of five different digits each can be formed from the dig
its 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6? (b) How many of them are even? (c) How many of them are
exactly divisible by 5?
3. There are nine chairs in a row. In how many ways can four students be seated
in consecutive chairs? SUGGESTION: First find the number of ways of choosing fou
r consecutive chairs.
4. (a) In how many ways can 4 English books and 3 French books be arranged in a
row on a shelf? (b) In how many of these will the French books be together?
5. In how many ways can 8 books be arranged on a shelf if 3 particular books are
to be together?
6. If there are 6 railroads from Chicago to Minneapolis and 4 railroards from Mi
nneapolis to Seattle, in how many ways can one go by rail from Chicago to Seattl
e via Minneapolis, and return, without going the same line twice?
7. (a) In how many ways can the letter of the word GEOMETRY be arranged so that

vowels and consonants alternate? (b) In how many of these is Y the final letter?
8. A basketball team of 5 regulars and 3 substitutes is passing a ball around a
circle. In how many ways can the men be arranged in the circle?
9. How many different bracelets can a child make by stringing 8 beads of differe
nt colors all at a time?
10. (a) How many seven-digit numbers can be made from the digits 1, 2, 2, 2, 3,
3, 5? (b) How many of them are odd?
11. (a) How many seven-digit numbers can be formed with the digits 2, 2, 2, 3,3,
4, 5? (b) How many of these are greater than 3, 400, 000? (c) How many are grea
ter than 3, 400, 000 and are divisible by 5? (d) How many are greater than 3, 40
0, 000 and are even?
12. In how many ways can five men and five girls be seated at a round table so t
hat each girl is between two men?
13. In how many ways can four young couples be seated at a round table so that g
irls and boys are seated alternately?
14. Four couples are to be seated in a row of 8 seats. How many ways could this
be done such that couples are together?
15. How many six people can be arranged on six chairs is two people may NOT sit
together?
C. PERMUTATIONS
1. (a) 840 (b) 240
2. (a) 2160 (b) 1260 (c) 660
3. 144
4. (a) 5040 (b) 720
5. 4320
6. 360 8
7. 676
8. 5040
9. 2520
10. (a) 420 (b) 240
11. (a) 420 (b) 160 (c) 14 (d) 98
12. 2880
13. 144
14. 384
15. 480
4 . COMBINATIONS
1. Find the value of: (a) 7C4 (b) 10C2 (c) 21C19
2. Find the value of: 8C3 + 8C4 + 8C5 + 8C6 + 8C7 + 8C8
3. In how many ways may a committee of 4 be chosen from a group of 25?
4. From a group of 25 Democrats and 18 Republicans, how many committees consisti
ng of 3 Democrats and 2 Republicans are possible?
5. From the group in Problem 4 ,if one of two specific Democrats is to be chairm
an, how many committees are possible with the same balance of Democrats and Repu
blicans as previously stated?
6. How many football games are played if each of the nine football teams in a ce
rtain conference plays each of the other teams in that conference once?
7. On a college baseball squad, there are three catchers, five pitchers, seven i
nfielders, and seven outfielders. How many different baseball nines can be forme
d?
8. In how many ways can a bridge hand of 13 cards be chosen from a deck of 52 ca
rds?
9. In how many ways can a person get a bridge hand consisting of only aces or fa
ce cards?
10. In how many ways can a person get a bridge hand which consists of cards seve
n or lower?
11.In how many ways can a person get a bridge hand consisting of two aces ,one k
ing, one queen, three jacks, and the six other cards ten or less?
12. From four red balls, five white balls, and six blue balls, bow many selectio
ns consisting of five balls can be made if two are to be red, one white, and two
blue?

13. From a group of 15 people, how many committees can be formed consisting of t
wo, tree, or four people?
14. In how many ways may a college president s wife invite (a) two, (b) three (c)
two or more, of eight faculty wives to a tea?
15. How many different sums of money can be formed from a penny, nickel, dime, q
uarter, and half dollar if at least two coins are used?
16. Solve for n in the equation: n+2C4 = 6 nC2
17. Prove: nCr + nCr-1 = n+1Cr 5
4: A. COMBINATIONS
1. (a) 35 (b) 45 (c) 210
2. 219
3. 12 650
4. 351 900
5. 84 456
6. 36
7. 18 375
8. 635 013 559 600
9. 560
10. 2 310 789 600
11. 747 952 128
12. 450
13. 1925
14. (a) 28 (b) 56 (c) 247
15. 26
16. n = 7
17. Proof
FINAL ASSIGNMENT
1. Simplify: a) k 3 ! k 2 ! b) 7! r 2 !r 6! r 1 !
2. Solve for n: a) n! = 20(n 2)! b) 2n + nP2 = 56 c) n 2 ! 57 8! n 2 ! 16 d) n 1
! 30 0 n 1 ! e) nC2 = nC8 f) 12Cn+1 = 12Cn+3 g) 4(nP3) = 5(n-1P3) h) (n+2)C4 =
6(nC2) i) 2n 3 n 2 C 44 C 3 j) 3(nC4) = 5(n-1C5)
3. In five-card poker in how many ways could you be dealt 4 of a kind?
4. In five-card poker in how many ways could you be dealt a full house (3 of one
kind and 2 of another kind)?
5. In five-card poker in how many ways could you be dealt 2 pairs and 1 card of
a different face value?
6. In five-card poker in how many ways could you be dealt 1 pair and 3 cards of
different face values?
7. If 2 letters are taken from the word BACK and 3 letters are taken from the wo
rd FRONT, how many: (a) 5-letter arrangements can be made? (b) 3-letter arrangem
ents can be made? (c) 5-letter arrangements can be made that start with C and en
d in T?
8. Way Out Motors has 6 different cars and 6 different trucks in stock. In how m
any ways can a set of 3 cars and 2 trucks be chosen: (a)for a display in the sho
wroom? (b) and arranged in a line in the showroom? (c) and arranged in a line in
the showroom so that the cars are to the left of the trucks?
9. How many ways can 11 people be divided into a group of 5 and a group of 6 and
then arranged in two circles?
10. How many 2 digit numbers can be made using the digits 1,2,3 if no digit can
be repeated?
11. How many 4 digit numbers can be made using the digits 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 if no di
git can be repeated?
12. How many ways can 4 letters of the word monkey be arranged?
13. How many ways can 3 letters of the word river be arranged?
14. How many ways can 6 letters of the word geometry be arranged?
15. How many ways can 5 letters of the word January be arranged?
FINAL ASSIGNMENT
1. (a) k + 3 (b) 7r2 (r + 2)(r + 1)
2. (a) n = 5 (b) n = 7 (c) n = 19 (d) n = 5 (e) n = 10 (f) n = 4 (g) n = 15 (h)
n = 7 (i) n = 6 (j) n = 10

3. 624
4. 3744
5. 123 552
6. 4 392 960
7. (a) 7200 (b) 3600 (c) 108
8. (a) 600 (b) 72 000 (c) 7200
9. 1 330 560
10. 6
11. 840
12. 360
13. 33
14. 10 440
15. 1320.