4 654280354206581539

( )
( )1

.
.
: .
.

.
()

.
.
( ).
:
:
.
.

.
.
C3H8

.
Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 1 2016-2017

( )

.
.
: .
( ) q
.
.
( C8H18 )

.

) : (cal 1 g 1

)(Calories
1 J = 0.239 cal (Cal) ( 1 kcal = 1000 cal )
1 cal = 4.184 J )(J
1 Cal = 1000 cal .
: 230 Cal
J

230 Cal = 2.3 105 cal

.
2.3 105 cal = 9.6 105 J

)1 142 Cal . cal

................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... .................................................................
.............................................................. ..................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................

( )
)2 86.5 kJ . kcal
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
)3
.
J Cal
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... .................................................................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
()c
25 1 g 1
1 cal 4.184 J 1 g
1 4.184 J/g. .
.

1 g 1

1 g 1
:
: ) (0.84
( )4.184
.
:

: :
.
= = 4.98 5.00
.

( )
:
: 1 1 g
( )
( )+ ()
:
q = c m T

J q
J/g. c
g m
T
T = Tf Ti
: Tf : Ti .
:
50.4 10 g
25 114 J
T = Tf Ti = 25 50.4 = - 25.4

=c = = 0.449 J/g.
) (.
)1 34.4 g 25 78.8
) ( c = 2.44 J/g.
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
........................................ ........................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................

( )
)2 25 155 g 40 5696 J.
.
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................. ............................................. ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
)3 4.50 g 27.6 J
25 ( = 0.129 J/g. ) c
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................... ........................................................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................

.
.
:
)1 : .
)2 .
)3 .

.

.

( )
()1
)1 :
) .......................................... ( )1 .
) .......................................... ( )2 .
) .......................................... ( )3 .
) .......................................... ( )4
.
) .......................................... ( )5 .
) .......................................... ( )6 .
) .......................................... ( )7 .
) .......................................... ( )8 1 g 1
) .......................................... ( )9 1 g 1
)2 .
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)3 :
.

)4 .
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)5 50 g 25 95
0.897 J/g.
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................

( )
( ) J/g.
)6
0.897

0.129

0.449
.
0.235
..................................... ..................................... ..................................... ..................................... :
)7
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)8
............................................................................................................... ..........................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
)9
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)11 .
....................................................................................................................... ..................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)11 J/g.
...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................
)12

.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................

( )
)13 2.44 J/g.

..................................................................................................... ....................................................................................
)14
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)15 124 kcal cal

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)16 J 0.5720 kcal

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)17 . 1 mol 1367 kJ

Cal
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)18 2.0 g 656 Cal kJ

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)19 1 mol 326.7 kcal kJ

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)21 25 g 250 J 2578

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................

( )
( )2
.
.

: .

.
().

.

.
.
:1 125 g 25.6
50 g 115
29.3 .
( = 4.184 J/g. ) c
)) = c m T q
= 4.184 125 (29.3 25.6) = 1940 J
= q q
= 1940 J

= c = 0.453 J/g.
) (.

( )
:2 4.68 g 256 J
182

=c = = 0.301 J/g.
.
)1 90 g 25.6 J 1.18

................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
)2 20 46.6 5650 J.
( = 4.184 J/g. ) c
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ..................................... ............................
............................................................................. ...................................... ........................................... ......................
)3 2103 g
10 29 0.803 J/g.
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
......................................................................................................... ..................................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
)4 335 g 65.5 9750 J

................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
........................................ ........................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................

( )

: .
: .
: .
: +
.
.
( )

() ( )
4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s) + 1625 kJ :

() ()

.

.

.
qp
.
:)H( .
.

( )
)Hrxn) :
.
: .
Hrxn = Hfinal - Hinitial :
: Hfinal ( ) products
:Hinitial ( ) reactants
Hrxn Hrxn = Hproducts Hreactants :
q = Hrxn .
Hproducts > Hreactants Hproducts < Hreactants
)27kJ + NH4NO3(s) NH4+(aq) + NO3(aq 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s) + 1625 kJ

NH4NO3(s) NH4+(aq)+NO3(aq) Hrxn= 27 kJ 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s) Hrxn= - 1625 kJ

( )
()2
)1 :
) .......................................... ( )1
.
) .......................................... ( )2 .
) .......................................... ( )3
.
) .......................................... ( )4 .
) .......................................... ( )5 .
) .......................................... ( )6 .
) .......................................... ( )7 .
) .......................................... ( )8 .
) .......................................... ( )9 .
) .......................................... ( )11 .
) .......................................... ( )11 .
)2
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)3 H
..................................................................................................................................................................... ....................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)4
................................................................................................................................................................................ .........
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)5

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................

( )
)6
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................ .........................................................
)7 2.50 g 12.0 Cal

25 20
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)8 4.50 g
)9
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)11
...................................................................................................................................................................................... ...
................................................................................................................ .........................................................................

( )
)11

...............................................................................................
...............................................................................................
............................... ................................................................
)12 ) (q H
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)13 H

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)14 3580 Kg 41.2 12.9

0.803 J/g.
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)15 20 m 12.5 m 3.75 m

18.4 29 ( = 4.184 J/g. ) c
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)16 44.7 g 65.4

( = 0.129 J/g. ) c
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)17 10.2 g 3.34 kJ 25196.4

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)18 58.8 g 125 g

106.1 10.5
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................

( )
( )3

.
)4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s H = 1625 kJ
)NH4NO3(s) NH4+(aq)+NO3(aq H = 27 kJ
)Hcomb) :
1 mol .
:
)C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g) 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l Hcomb = 2808 kJ
H ( : 1 atm
) 25 STP
.
)Hvap) :
1 mol .
)Hfus) :
1 mol .

H ( . )


( )
)Hcond) :
1 mol.
)Hsolid) :
1 mol .

H ( . )
:
( ) + ( ) +

( ) ( )
:
)H2O(l) H2O(g Hvap = 40.7 kJ
)H2O(g) H2O(l Hcond = 40.7 kJ
Hvap = Hcond

.
:
)H2O(s) H2O(l Hfus = 6.01 kJ
)H2O(l) H2O(s Hsolid = 6.01 kJ
Hfus = Hsolid
.
:

: Hfus
.

( )

( )
............................................ ................................................................
............................................ ................................................................
............................................ ................................................................
............................................ ................................................................
................................ ............................................................................
............................................ ................................................................
............................................ ................................................................
............................................ ................................................................
............................................ ................................................................
............................................ ................................................................
............................................ ................................................................
:
. 54.0 g
C6H12O6 (C6H12O6 = 180.18 g/mol) :
)C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g) 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l Hcomb = 2808 kJ

54.0 g = 0.3 mol
.

0.3 mol = 842 kJ


( )
)1 27.5 g CH3OH
))Hfus = 3.22 kJ/mol )(CH3OH = 32 g/mol
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
......................................................................................................... ..................................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
)2 275 g NH3
))Hcond = 23.3 kJ/mol )(NH3 = 17 g/mol
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
........................................ ........................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
)3 CH4 12.88 kJ
))Hcomb = 891 kJ/mol )(CH4 = 16 g/mol
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... .................................................................
.......................................................... ......................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
1 mol 2808 kJ
.

ATP
ATP .

( )

.
.
.
.
1 mol 891 kJ :
CH4(s) + O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 891 kJ

C8H18 1 mol 5471 kJ :
C8H18(s) + O2(g) 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(l) + 5471 kJ
.
H2(g) + O2(g) H2O(l) + 286 kJ
()3
)1 :
) .......................................... ( )1
.
) .......................................... ( )2 1 mol .
) .......................................... ( )3 1 mol .
) .......................................... ( )4 1 mol .
) .......................................... ( )5 1 mol.
) .......................................... ( )6 1 mol .
) .......................................... ( )7 .
)2 C2H5OH Hcomb = 1367 kJ/mol

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................

( )
)3
1 )C2H5OH(l) C2H5OH(g
2 )Br2(l) Br2(s
3 )C5H12(s) + 8O2(g) 5CO2(g) + 6H2O(l
)4 0.25 mol)Hsolid = 6.01 kJ/mol) .

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)5 206 g H2
))Hcomb = 286 kJ/mol )(H2 = 2 g/mol
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)6 23.3 kJ/mol
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)7 A C
.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
)8
:
)1 4.33 mol 100
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
......................................................................... ....................................
)2 2.5 mol 0
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

( )
)9 C3H8 4560 kJ
))Hcomb = 2219 kJ/mol )(C3H8 = 44 g/mol
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)11 5.0 Kg 96.2%

))Hcomb = 394 kJ/mol) (C = 12 g/mol
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)11 1255 g 100

))Hcond = 40.7 kJ/mol) (H2O = 18 g/mol
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)12 5.66 kJ .
))Hfus = 5.66 kJ/mol) (NH3 = 17 g/mol
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................

( )
( )4

H .

(( C )s,C )s, .
: .
:
.
H2S(s) + 3O2(g) 2SO3(g) :

SO2 , SO3
.

.
.
( )c S O2
SO2
594 kJ .
( )d O2 SO2
SO3
198 kJ .
(-594 +-198 = -792 kJ)
: SO3 O2 S
....................................................... ............................................................................................................................. :

( )
:1 2S(s) + 3O2(g) 2SO3(g) H =? :

S(s) + O2(g) SO2(g) H = 297 kJ :
2SO3(s) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) H = 198 kJ
)1 2 2mol S
H2
)2 SO3
H .
)3
.
)4 H H
)2S(s) + 2O2(g) 2SO2(g H = 297 2 kJ
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(s) H = 198 kJ
)2S(s) + 3O2(g) 2SO3(g H = 792 kJ
:2 b a H
H2O2
?? = 2H2O2(l) 2H2O(l) + O2(g) H
)a. 2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(l H = 572 kJ
)b. H2(g) + O2(g) H2O2(l H = 188 kJ
)1 H2O2
H .
)2 2 2mol H2O2
H2
)a. 2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(l H = 572 kJ
b. )2H2O2(l) 2H2(g) + 2O2(g H = 188 2 kJ
)2H2O2(l) 2H2O(l) + O2(g H = 196 kJ

( )
)1 b a H :
)2CO(g) + 2NO(g) 2CO2(g) + N2(g ?? = H
)a. 2CO(g) + O2(g) 2CO2(g H = 566 kJ
b. )N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g H = 180.6 kJ
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
........................................ ........................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ............................... ..................................
....................................................................... ............................................ ........................................... ......................
)2 H 1789 kJ a H b
)4Al(s) + 3MnO2(s) 2Al2O3(s) + 3Mn(s H = 1789 kJ
)a. 4Al(s) + 3O2(g) 2Al2O3(s H = 3352 kJ
b. )Mn(s) + O2(g) MnO2(s ?? = H
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
........................................ ........................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................... ........................................................................... ......................
( )Hf

.
1 atm (298 K) 25
() .
SO3 :
S(s) + SO3 )O2(g) SO3(g Hf = 396 kJ
( ) .
: ( )
: H .

( )

: Hf = 0.0 kJ/mol
:
.
.
:
)N2(g) + O2(g) NO2(g Hf = +33.2 kJ

+33.2 kJ
NO2
+33.2 kJ
NO2 +33.2 kJ
:
S(s) + )O2(g) SO3(g Hf = 396 kJ

396 kJ
SO3 396 kJ
SO3 396 kJ
: H2(g) + O2(g) H2O(l) Hf = 286 kJ/mol
Hf Hrxn
.
.
.
() ( Hf) Hrxn = Hf :

( )
:1

( ) Hrxn SF6
:
??=H2S(g) + 4F2(g) 2HF(g) + SF6(g) Hrxn

)a. H2(g) + F2(g) HF(g Hf = 273 kJ

)b. S(s) + 3F2(g) SF6(g Hf = 1220 kJ

)c. H2(g) + S(s) H2S(g Hf = 21 kJ
)1 a 2 2mol HF
H2
)2 c H2S
H
)a. H2(g) + F2(g) 2HF(g Hf = 2732 kJ
)b. S(s) + 3F2(g) SF6(g Hf = 1220 kJ
c. )H2S(g) H2(g) + S(s Hf = 21 kJ
)H2S(g) + 4F2(g) 2HF(g) + SF6(g Hrxn= 1745 kJ
Hrxn
() ( Hf) Hrxn = Hf
] = [ 2 Hf HF + Hf SF6 ] [ Hf H2S + 4 Hf F2
] )= [ 2 (273) + (1220) ] [ (21) + 4 (0
= 1745 kJ

( )
:2 Hrxn .
)CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l ?? = Hrxn
Hf CH4 = 75 kJ , Hf O2 = 0.0 kJ
Hf CO2 = 394 kJ , Hf H2O = 286 kJ
() ( Hf) Hrxn = Hf
] = [ Hf CO2 + 2 Hf H2O ] [ Hf CH4 + 2 Hf O2
] )= [ (394) + 2 (286) ] [ (75) + 2 (0
= 891 kJ
)1 .
H .
)a. 2NO(g) + O2(g) 2NO2(g )b. SO3(g) + H2O(l) H2SO4(aq
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
......................................................................................................... ..................................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... .................................................................
)2 Hrxn .
)4NH3(g) + 7O2(g) 4NO2(g) + 6H2O(l ?? = Hrxn
Hf NH3 = 46 kJ , Hf O2 = 0.0 kJ
Hf NO2 = + 33.2 kJ , Hf H2O = 286 kJ
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
........................................ ........................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ............................... ..................................

( )
)3 Hcomb .
)C3H7COOH(l) + 7O2(g) 4CO2(g) + 4H2O(l Hrxn = 534 kJ
Hf O2 = 0.0 kJ , Hf CO2 = 394 kJ , Hf H2O = 286 kJ
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
........................................ ........................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ............................... ..................................
....................................................................... ............................................ ........................................... ......................
)4 a , b
. Hf b

)NO(g) + O2(g) NO2(g Hrxn = 58.1 kJ

a. )N2(g) + O2(g) NO(g Hf = 91.3 kJ

b. )N2(g) + O2(g) NO2(g ?? = Hf

................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
................................................................................... ........................................................................... ......................
................................................................................................................... ........................................... ......................
........................................ ........................................................................... ........................................... ......................
()4
)1 :
) .......................................... ( )1
.
) .......................................... ( )2
.
) .......................................... ( )3
.

( )
)2 Hrxn
Hrxn .
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................

)3
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
)4
.
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)5 : )kJ/mol( Hf
) NO ( + 90.29 - ) CO ( 110.5 - ) NH3 ( 45.9 - NO2 ( + 33.2 ) )1
...................................... ...................................... ............................................................................

) N2O4 ( + 32.2 - ) H2SO4 ( 907 - ) NO2 ( + 33.2 - HCOOH ( 410 ) )2
...................................... ...................................... ............................................................................

) C2H2 ( +226.7 - ) CO2 ( 393.5 - ) HF ( +26.6 - H2O ( 285.8 ) )3
...................................... ...................................... ............................................................................
)NO(g) + O(g) NO2(g ?? = H )6 H :

)O2(g) O(g H = + 495 kJ :
)2O3(g) 3O2(g H = 427 kJ
)NO(g) + O3(g) NO2(g) + O2(g H = 199 kJ
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................. ........................

( )
)7
0
298 K
.
Hf = 285.8 kJ/mol :
Hf = 241.8 kJ/mol :
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
)8 H
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)9 a , b
(( C )s, C )s, H
)( + O2(g) CO2(ga. C )s, H = 394 kJ
b. )( + O2(g) CO2(gC )s, H = 396 kJ
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................. ........................

( )

)1 .

............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................... ...............................
)2 . H2O(g) H2O(l)
)CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l ? = H :
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)3 H:
2A + B2C3 2B + A2C3
a. 2A + C2 A2C3 H = 1874 kJ
b. 2B + C2 B2C3 H = 285 kJ
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................. ........................
)4 .
a , b :
)PCl3(l) + Cl2(g) PCl5(s
)a. P4(s) + 6Cl2(g) 4PCl3(l H = 1280 kJ
)b. P4(s) + 10Cl2(g) 4PCl5(s H = 1774 kJ
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................ .............................................
...................................................................... ...................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................

( )
)5 CH4 CH2O .
( : ) Hrxn
Hf CH4 = 75 kJ , Hf CH2O = 116 kJ
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................. ........................
........................................................................................... ..............................................................................................
)6 88.4 % 11.6% CH4 .C2H6

) H2O(l) CO2(g . .
1 Kg .
Hf C2H6 = 84 kJ , Hcomb CH4 = 891 kJ
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................. ........................
............................................................................................ .............................................................................................
)7
( )
( )
.
............................................................ )1
)2 0.554 kg
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
)3 12.2 g 1.6 kg
20.0
............................................................ .............................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................... ......................................................................

( )

4 654280354206581539

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

4 654280354206581539

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

( )

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 1 2016-2017

)1 142 Cal . cal

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 2 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 3 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 4 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 5 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 6 2016-2017

..................................... ..................................... ..................................... ..................................... :

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 7 2016-2017

)13 2.44 J/g.

)15 124 kcal cal

)16 J 0.5720 kcal

)17 . 1 mol 1367 kJ

)18 2.0 g 656 Cal kJ

)19 1 mol 326.7 kcal kJ

)21 25 g 250 J 2578

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 8 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 9 2016-2017

)4 335 g 65.5 9750 J

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 10 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 11 2016-2017

Hproducts > Hreactants Hproducts < Hreactants

)27kJ + NH4NO3(s) NH4+(aq) + NO3(aq 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s) + 1625 kJ

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 12 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 13 2016-2017

)7 2.50 g 12.0 Cal

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 14 2016-2017

)14 3580 Kg 41.2 12.9

)15 20 m 12.5 m 3.75 m

)16 44.7 g 65.4

)17 10.2 g 3.34 kJ 25196.4

)18 58.8 g 125 g

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 15 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 16 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 17 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 18 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 19 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 20 2016-2017

)2 C2H5OH Hcomb = 1367 kJ/mol

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 21 2016-2017

)4 0.25 mol)Hsolid = 6.01 kJ/mol) .

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 22 2016-2017

)11 5.0 Kg 96.2%

)11 1255 g 100

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 23 2016-2017

H2S(s) + 3O2(g) 2SO3(g) :

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 24 2016-2017

:1 2S(s) + 3O2(g) 2SO3(g) H =? :

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 25 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 26 2016-2017

: H2(g) + O2(g) H2O(l) Hf = 286 kJ/mol

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 27 2016-2017

)b. S(s) + 3F2(g) SF6(g Hf = 1220 kJ

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 28 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 29 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 30 2016-2017

...................................... ...................................... ............................................................................

...................................... ...................................... ............................................................................

...................................... ...................................... ............................................................................

)NO(g) + O(g) NO2(g ?? = H )6 H :

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 31 2016-2017

Mr. Hesham Eltoukhy 32 2016-2017