What candles may be held to speed them all?
Not in the hands of boys but in their eyes
Shall shine the holy gimmers of goodbyes.
“he pallor of ge brows chal be thet al
Their flowers the tenderness of patient minds,
‘And each slow dusk a drawing-down of blinds.
WILFRED OWEN 4:
a
fred Owen (893-1918) was brought up in the backstreet of 1920
V\V nd Shrewsbury, and on leaving schoo! Re took upa porta v7
4 county vicar. Removed fom the Initence ofa deve mother pe
increasingly eal ofthe Church’ oe im society. His lets etapa
period show am emerging swarenes ofthe poors sufferings and hee .
the compassion that was to characterize his later poems about the West is
In1913 he broke withthe vicar and went to tech English in Fare
For more than a year fcr the outbreak of wer, Owen could na de save God through mud — :
ought oes, Finally he i, and from Janey to May 517 Eo ech Ba Cod thro chceks wha weetches smiled.
inthe Battle ofthe Somme. Then, suffering from shell shock, he was seat War Bkeught more glory to theic eygs than blood,
pital near Edinburgh, where he had the good fortune to micet Siegfried Tau gmk their laughs more glee than shakes 2 child.
‘hoe first fiercely felsic war poems hed st appeared The ice
{strc realism was useful tonle to Owen’ lus, Keatslan Romaiictae Bey: was laugh there—
cout his months in the hospital, Owen suffered from the horrendodt ey It was aa ner ard ghd life absurder.
symptomatic of shell shock. The experience of battle, bathished' From) ‘Where death’ Recomes = ad = fe ares
mind, erupted into his dreams and then into poems heunted withabsedifg For power was\qa us as we sifihed bones
Minded ees Dulce et Decorum Ext) and the mouth of hel Meg Noto fel sickags oF rem
‘The distinctive music of such later oon Sea
; tration, onomatopoeia, assonance; halt 9; have dropped Fas ny platoon,
the parachyme that he pioneered. This las technique, the tyne a Behind the barrage, my platoon,
with idenccal or simile consonants but difering, sessed vowel echag ng light and cle
groaned, killed / cold, hall / hell), of which the second is usually the lero ‘hopes lay strewn
Produces effects of ditsonance, file, and unfulfllment that casi
Temes: ‘
Echoing Dante, Shakespear, Shelley, Keats, and the Bike, Owen pats re me, owl fr scowl
and religious language into jarcing new relationships with the alma | Shine and lift up ith passion &f oblation, ume
‘modern war experience. He recuperates but distorts the conventions of pa Seraphic® for an Four; though they were fou! “
tlepy, relocating them fo scenes fervor, exteme pain, and iredsome
death ave made felloships—
Inthe yar fife to him afer leaving the hopin Novemb 9 Ome Thaw mae fllganiee
tmatred rapidly, Succes st» soldi, marked bythe award ofthe Milan Co pa Ph binding offic ips
{nd a's pot, which had won him the recognition of his pees gave hin apg, fot lons sng the Winding om OPS
confidence. He wrote eloquently of the tragedy of young men killed in bettle.| .
Inter elegiet a dscplined sensuality end passionate incligence En het Pee
Owen was killed in action a week before the war ended, ith the bandage of the arm that drips
the webbing of the rifle thong
erceived much beauty
Beers nhs ht ht or courage slat
Worl musicin the slenness of duty
fe iether shel storms sposted eddest spate
Anthem for Doomed Youth
What passing:bells for these who die as cattle?
—Only the monstrous anger of the guns.
Only the stuttering rifles’ rapid rattle
Can patter out theie hasty orisons.*
+ Nomockeries now for them; no prayers nor bells;
Nor any voice of mourning save the choirs, —
The shrill, demented choies of wailing shells;
‘And bugles calling for them from sad shires.*
ter which ks bef chat hich de
i eH bn of hh
eda sch bi
entation and Hor
Pla ce, meaning “Apalegy for My
Tipeboum prompted by that of Caz tov
pel re Vite Sua, "ApoNevertheless, except you share
With them in hell the sorrowful dark of hell,
Whose world is but the trembling of a flare
ind heaven but as the highway for a shell,
You Nhall not hear their mirth:
‘You\yhall not come to think them well content,
> By anlyjest of mine. These men are worth
Your t
Nov-Dec. 1917
Dulce Et Decorum Est!
Bent double, like old beggars under sacks,
Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge,
“Tillon the haunting flares we turned our backs
“And towards our distant rest began to trudge.
‘Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots
But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind
Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots
OF tired, outstripped Five-Nines? that dropped behind.
‘There was a\yhispering in my Hearth,
A sigh ofthe coal,
Grown wistfullyfa former egfth
:
r
Gas! Gas! Quick, boys!—An ecstasy of fumbling,
Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time;
But someone still was yelling out and stumbling,
‘And flound'ring like a man in fire or lime
Dim, through the misty panes? and hick green light,
‘As under a green sea, f saw him drowning.
Frond-forests, and the
Before the ten
My fire might show sjeazh-phantoms simmer
15 old/eaulagon,
Inall my dreams, before my helpless sight,
He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.
Ifin some smothering dreams you too could pace
Behind the wagon thet we fung him
‘And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,
His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin;
If you could bese, at every jolt, the blood
Came galing from the Hath-corrupted lungs,
Obscene as cancer bitter as thecud
Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,—
Myfrend you would not tell with sul high zest
‘To children ardent for some desperate glory,
‘The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est
Pro ptria marl
1917-Mar. 1918 1920
1s Of boys that slgpt wry sleep, and
Writhing
the rock where Death reputes
ace lies indeed.
2 Cofnforted years will sit soft-chaired,
In rooms of amber:
By our life's ember;
Pelco ener ower
1. Wrote a poem an the Goliery Disaster of sion illed about 150 miners “ E owns urging young men to enlist” Sex
Jan a oid at Halneend a fp 2. Miners who dug tomlin et 1,197 iter ie othe) Pours in Representing the Gre To he
‘eth the War athe end Ie ir short, but oh sour in whch to detonate mones Gene lier sel ‘ozntmenal Sook
[Owens Jon Ie etcrto he mater The explo: etches. "ore clilld window.‘As the Team’s Head Brass!
Aa the tens hed
fathead a edo on
The lovers disappeared ina the wood hor
‘Tha\yrened on angle of the low sea
: ae ingle of the fallow,? at
oop saneing ln
Ot charge" Exe ime the ree turned J
Upon the Degdleten mayor ag gga eared
abi hr sr bowel
Senne seed ath
Once more. " is
‘The bli
Is in by wooded
When the warger
One mint and a ine
A minute more and the samy
“Have you been ae Ne ”
IFT could only come back
se Toul spare an arm, Us
Alleg. If | should lose my
Ushould want nothing 1
‘rom here?” “Yes.” “
Only teams wor
1 don't want to, 3
fio ae
ant to lose
good few,
him. It was back in |
blizzard, too, Now if
"And should bth
‘hod rashes
ald hn en diferent or ital
es her ae “Ay, and a better, though wre bee
Ie Ree all all might seem good.”
Tek avery came out of the wood agai Te
9 stared ant for lon lat ie
ss [watch the dod
aie unl a
‘tre ploughshare andthe studing te
May 1916 _
1 known a ore bats: decoate
rv attached to a bores: har-
peed tc far moe.
2. Ground plowed and harowed but le
SIEGFRIED SASSOON
oon (1886-1967) was educated ot Marlborough College and Clare
ee sbridge (which he left without at hinga degree). His father eame
English
Titerary London and the life
‘Sephardic Jews, his mot
WY Ohivided his time between literary
he beutally different one of the
joang man
premrmeman. These worlds ond 1
Be che fou himself in 1914, a « emorably described in his clas
Pe Faxing Man (1928) and 8 erquch, Mentors of lft)
nme Offensive of July 1916 with
vMllitary Cross and the nickname
vic chest, however, he was sent
ake a different
p30)
‘Wood and in the Sor
ght at Mametz
fat be acquired the
mpjcaous courage th
eres snipers bullet went through
Hand atthe begining of APH 161
Frentuatly, with courage eats!
vena ant eo his commanding offer"
Re Pe eemehance of miliary authori Poe Vhelieve
0 cng deliberately protomged bY MOSS “tho fave the power to end
eva i bend ama sedi, convinced {0 U0 tating on behalf of sol”
ra ore his war pon which | entered Ne ol
pete econ» wat of apgression 2 nd mruent” (For the (ul texts $22
wo Great Was” in the supBiments are) The military authorities,
ee macy oh, announced Re ovas suffering from shell shock,
Pejes bi to a Fospital near ‘edinburgh, where Re met and ‘befriended Wilfred
smothered, but bie poems, osith thele
sriyreet speech eetned from Thomas
giretroy, church, and government
cals public protest may hove eet
mice biter irony, and mastery se
cto to attack the old men of @
Heir tesponsble forthe miseries and arreler of the young. His poems
Eng om contass betwen te ORME CES Se war and the grim real
ey angrily aunt the grisly en the rp olence:inThe Rear Guard’ = corp
Foplvunancvecring heap” whose Csi oF fpers clutched a lsckening wou
fe unaneeed co the Western Front is OA, Wee “wounded again, and w85
an me. An increasingly reclusive