1.

1_1

1.2

3x + 6x =
2

3x(x + 2)
4x y = (2x
2 2

y)(2x + y)
x + 5x +4
2

= (x + 4)(x + 1)
 1.1_2

1.2.1 x + bx
2

+ c b , c

Ax + Ay = A(x + y)
(x + 2)x + (x + 2)y = (x + 2)(x + y)
- x x = - x(x + 1)
2
 1.1_3

(x + 3) (x + 4) = (x + 3) (x) + (x + 3) (4)
= (x + 3x) + (4x + 12)
2

= x + (3x + 4x) + 12
2

= x + (3 + 4)x + 12
2

= x + 7x + 12
2

x + 7x + 12
2

(x + 3) (x + 4)

x + 7x + 12 = x + (3 + 4)x + 12
2 2

= x + (3x + 4x) + 12
2

= (x + 3x) + (4x + 12)

2

= (x + 3) (x) + (x + 3) (4)
= (x + 3) (x + 4)

x + 9x + 20 = x + (5 + 4) x + 20
2 2

= x + (5x + 4x) + 20
2

= (x + 5x) + (4x + 20)

2

= x (x + 5) + 4(x + 5)
= (x + 4) (x + 5)

! (5 + 4) 9 = 5 + 4

 1.1_4

4 5 = 20

5 4 = 20

x

16 =
(-8)(-2)


16
y 10y + 16 = y + (- 8 -
2 2

2 ) y + (-8)(-2)
-10
= y - 8y - 2y) + (-8)(-2)
2

= (y - 8y) + (-2y + (-8)(-2))

2
 1.1_5

= y (y - 8 ) + (-2)(y - 8 )

= (y - 2) (y - 8)

y -10y+16 =(y-2)(y-
2
(-8)(-2) = 16 (-
8)

m 3m 10
2

-10 = (. )( 2 )
-3 = ( . ) + (2)
m 3m - 10 = m + ( + ... )
2 2

m + ()() (1)
= m 10 (2)
2

= (m ... m) + ( . m -
2

10) (3)
= m (m - ) + (...)(m - 5)
(4)
= (m + 2) (m - 5)

( m + 2 ) (m 5 )

(2) (-5) = -10

 1.1_6

x + 9x + 20 = ( x + 4) (x
2

+ 5)

- -
y 10y + 16 = ( y 2) (y
2

8)

-
m 3m 10 = (m 2)
2

+
(m 5)

a + a 12 = ( a +
2

4 ) ( a - 3 )

x 9x 20 = ( x 4) (x
2

5) + + + +

 1.1_7

y 10y - 16 = ( y 2) (y
2
- -
8) +

m -
2
- 3m - 10 = (m 2) (m
5) +

a
2
+ a - 12 = (a + 4) (a - 3)
 1.1_8

1.2.2 ax +
2

bx + c a,b,c a 0,c 0

(3x 1) (2x + 3) = (3x 1) (2x)
+ (3x 1) (3) (*)
= (6x 2x) + (9x 3)
2

= 6x + (-2x + 9x) 3
2

= 6x + (-2 + 9)x 3
2

= 6x + 7x 3
2

6x + 7x 3
2

(3x 1) (2x + 3)
3

-2x
6x + 6x
7x2 3 = ( 3x 1 )( 2x + 3 )
2

9x

3x 2x = 6x 6x +
2 2

7x 3
(-1)(3) = -3
6x + 7x 3
2

-2x + 9x = 7x
6x + 7x 3
2

6x + 7x 3
2

2
6x 17x 3 = (.?.x - .?.)(.?. x + .?.)
2
 1.1_9

6 6 1 2 3
-3 1(-3) (-1) 3

(6x + 1)(x 3) = 6x 17x 3
2

2 (*)3 2 = 6 (-
(6x 1)(x + 3) = 6x + 17x 3
(x + 1)(6x 3) = 1) 3 6x
=9x
2 -3
+ 3x 3
(x - 1)(6x + 3) = 6x-2x - 3x 3
2

(2x + 1)(3x 3)= .

(2x - 1)(3x + 3) = .
(3x 1)(2x + 3)
(3x + 1)(2x 3)= .
(3x - 1)(2x + 3) = .
6x + 7x 3 (3x 1)(2x +
2

3)

3x + 11x + 6
2

3x + 11x + 6 = ( x + ) (
2

x + )

3 6
3 6
13 16

3 2
 1.1_10

32
61
3 2

9x
2x

( 3x + 2 ) ( x + 3) 2x +9x =11x

3x + 11x + 6 = ( 3x + 2 ) ( x + 3
2

)
 1.1_11

1.2.3

x + 8x + 16 = x + 2(x) (4) + 4
2 2 2

= (x + 4) (x + 4)
= (x + 4)
2

y 20y + 100 = y 2(y) (10) + (10)

2 2 2

= (y - 10)
2

A + 2AB + B =
2 2

(A + B)
2
(*)

A - 2AB + B =
2 2

(A - B)
2
 1.1_12

... (**)

(*) (**)

y 2y + 1 = ( y ) 2( y )( 1 ) + ( 1 )
2 2 2

= ( y 1 )
2

x 6x + 9 = ( x ) 2( x )( 3 ) + ( 3 )
2 2 2

= ( x 3 )
2

4a + 12a + 9 = ( 2a ) + 2( 2a )( 3 ) + ( 3 )
2 2

= ( 2a + 3 )
2
 1.1_13

1.2.4

x 4 = x 2
2 2 2

= (x 2) (x + 2)

4m 9n = ( 2m ) ( 3n )
2 2 2 2

= (2m 3n) (2m + 3n)

A - B = (A
2 2

.(*)

(*) (A + B) (A B)

 1.1_14

1.2.5

x + 6x + 5 = ( x + 6x ) + 5
2 2

= x + 2( 3 ) x + ( 3 ) + 5 ( 3 )
2 2 2

= ( x + 3 ) 4
2

= ( x + 3 ) (-2 )
2 2

= ( x + 3 2 )( x + 3 + 2 )
= ( x + 1 )(x + 5 )
 1.1_15

x 4x - 12 = (x 4x) - 12
2 2

= (x 2 (2) x + (2) ) - 12 (2)

2 2 2

= (x 2) 16
2

= (x 2) 4
2

= (x 2 - 4 ) (x 2 + 4 )
= ( x 6 )( x + 2 )

 1.1_16

1.2

1. x + 10x + 24
2

24
10
(.) (.) = 24 , (.) + (.) = 10
x + 10x + 24 = (x + (..)) (x + (... ))
2

(1)

2. x + 5x - 24
2

(.. ) () = -24 ( . ) + ( ... )

= 5 (2)
x + 5x 24 = (x 3) ( x + 8 )
2

3. a + a 56
2

(-56)
1
 1.1_17

a + a 56 = (.) (.)
2

(3)

4. a - 7ay - 8y =
2 2
..

(4)

(a)

2
5. 6x + 5x - 4

( 3 ) (..) =
6 ; (.)(-1) = -4
(5)

(b)

(a) = (3) (-1) = -3 ; (b) = (..) (..)

; (a) + (b) = 5 (6)

2
6x + 5x 4 = ( 3x + 4 ) ( 2x 1 )

(c)
2
6. 2x - 3x 2 = (2x + ..) (x - . )
(d)
(7)
 1.1_18

(c) + (d) - 3x
=

2
7. 30y + 31y + 5 = (. + .) (. + .)
(8)

2 2 2
8. x 16x + 64 = (x) 2 (x) 8 + 8

2
= ( x - .. )
(9)