1

Synthesis of tetrathylammonium triiodine

Members
1.Pajaree Chalongkitcharoen 1109
2.Tidarat Boonsong 1109
3.Pith Laohavirojana 1109
4.Anon Durongpitsitkul 1109
5.Suchanuch Putaprapasri 1109

Mahidol University International Demonstration School

Academic Year 2016

Introduction

To begin with, we have to know the background information about

tetrathylammonium triiodine. The tetramethylammonium triiodide is the

 2

union of tetrathylammonium iodine and iodine. Based on the

experiment, you can see that after we finished synthesise the solution,

you can notice that the end product was changed the formed and also be

coloured. This is showing that the reaction is occurred and if we looked

through to the chemical structure of Tetrathylammonium triiodine, you

can clearly see the chemical reaction is happened by coloured appear.

This is showing that the reaction is occurred and if we looked through to

the chemical structure of tetramethylammonium triiodide, you can

clearly see the chemical reaction is happened. Chemical Equation is help

to determine the molecular geometry and how of the each molecule react

together in order to yield what type of chemical. Another meaning is

show the changing of product after reaction being the result. Chemical

Equation helps you communicate the chemical reaction undoubtedly.

Thus, the chemical structure of tetramethylammonium triiodide can be

written in formed of

In this experiment, the method that we used to synthesise the

solution is called precipitation. Precipitation is the reaction that take

place when cations and anions in aqueous solution combine together and
 3

result an insoluble solid. Therefore, determination the fact that is

consequence the precipitation formed is vary. For example, some of

precipitation reaction depend on temperature and some are depend on

the concentration of solution. The product that caused by the

precipitation is a solid crystallisation forming. Crystallisation is the high

temperature of solution that no longer to dissolve called supersaturated

liquid and when it get cooled down, immediately the solution is

separated and become in solid formed or which you cans see in form of

crystal. (The picture beloved shown the forming of crystallisation).

 4

Crystals have variety in shape depend on the dependent upon

downstream processing or final product requirements. It can grown in

shape of hexagonal, cubic or tetragonal. Crystallisation can occurred in

natural ways and artificial ways. Example of natural ways are formation

of minerals such as gemstones and the formation of snowflakes. For

artificial crystallisation is crystallisation of sugar. Based on this

experiment, we focused on artificial crystallisation and After the end of

the experiment, you will see the process of synthesis, precipitation and

crystallisation.

Experiment

Materials
I2 Rubber pipette & 95% Ethanol Beaker
 5

Hot plate Fume hood Stirring rod

Safety goggles safety gloves

 6

Experiment methods

1. Add Me4N+I- into a 50 mL beaker. Break up its clump by stirring it thoroughly

2.Add 0.6 g of Iodine and 12 mL of Ethanol in the beaker and mix them.

3. Heat the beaker in the hot plate, inside the fume hood, for 10 minutes at low temperature.

4. Take the beaker out of fume hood, allow cooling at room temperature

5. Put the beaker in the Ice bucket for further cooling.

6. Set up laboratory apparatus

7.Wash the substances in beaker with hexane twice using Vacuum filtration
 7

8. Let the product goes through Air-dry. Meanwhile, clean up the lab apparatus.

9. Labelled the name of members in group and the name of compound then leave it overnight
at fume hood.

10. Weight the product and hand in the sample in capped vial to the lab instructor.
 8

Result and Discussion

Physically, the crystal mostly has purple color mixes with green color. It has tiny and

sharp shape. In chemical properties, it has 73.46% yield. The limiting agent is Iodine. Balance

chemical equation is Me4N+I- + I2 Me4N+I-3. In this experiment, we also did some error like

in suction part, before we did this part, there was tetramethylammonia pentaiodide stuck around

a filter, so this might affect our crystal contaminated green color.

 9

Conclusion
In conclusion, we learned about crystallization and precipitation from this experiment.

After we removed the tetramethylammonium triiodide from the heat and allow the beaker to cool

down, the crystals would form during the time. We used vacuum filtration for suction filtration

and collect crystals, this process called precipitation, which able us to see the crystals more

clearly.Also, if we have to do this experiment again, we will do the suction filtration part more

carefully to prevent the substance to be contaminated.

Appendices
Calculation part
 10

The following is showing how the theoretical yield tetramethylammonia

triiodide is calculated.After that we put it into the % yield to calculate

how much the actual yield came.

Actual yield
11
 12

References

Crystallization. (n.d.). Retrieved November 09, 2016, from

http://www.reciprocalnet.org/edumodules/crystallization/

Hach, R. J., & Rundle, R. E. (1951, September). The Structure of

Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide1,1a. Retrieved November 09, 2016,
from http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja01153a086

Precipitation Reactions. (2016, August 27). Retrieved November 09,

2016, from
http://chem.libretexts.org/Core/Inorganic_Chemistry/Descriptive_Chemi
 13

stry/Main_Group_Reactions/Reactions_in_Aqueous_Solutions/Precipita
tion_Reactions