Principles of Composites Design

B1


-1 ) (

-2 ) (

-3

-4 ) (

-5

-6 ) (

-7 ) (

B2
 :

) (

B3
 2

Narrow optimum design Wide optimum design

B4


B5


) (1 ) -:( isotropic . -

2 ).(E,

) (2 ) -:( orthotropic .

- 9 .

)(E11, E22, E33, G12, G13, G23, 12, 13, 23

) (3 ) -:( anisotropic

13 .

) (shear deformation .

B6
 - ) ( Unidirectional Lamina

f = m = c

f = Ef f = Ef c
Ef >> Em f >> m m = Em m = Em c

Pc = Pf + Pm
cAc = f Af + m Am
Af Am
c = f + m
Ac Ac
Ac = Af + Am

V m = A m / Ac Vf = A f / Ac
c = fVf + mVm
)c = fVf + m(1-Vf

B7
 )Ec = EfVf + Em(1-Vf

E1 = EfVf + EmVm

Em E f
= E2
E f Vm + EmV f

GmG f
= G12
G f Vm + GmV f

) ( Chopped Strand Mat

E (random) = 3/8 E11 + 5/8 E22

G (random) = 1/8 E11 + E22

B8
 ) (Laminate Theory

: ] [Q

][Q

yy xy xx

yy xy xx

} { } = [Q]k {

:Kth

)} { } = [Q]k ({ o } + z{

B9


H
N = .dz
H

H
M = .zdz
H

N x A11 A12 A16 B11 B12 B16 xo

N
y A12 A22 A26 B12 B22 B26 oy

N xy A16 A26 A66 B16 B26 o
B66 xy
=
M
x B11 B12 B16 D11 D12 D16 x
M y B12 B22 B26 D12 D22 D26 y

xy B16
M B26 B66 D16 D26 D66 xy

N
[ A] = [Q]k (hk hk 1 )
k =1

1 N
[ B] = [Q]k (hk2 hk21 ) -
2 k =1

1 N
[ D] = [Q]k (hk3 hk31 )
3 k =1

B10
 8

B11
 9 -

10

B12


-11

- 12

B13
 -13

Eftf3 d
2
Et 3 c
= D = Ez 2 dz + 2E f t f +
6 2 12

Eftf3 Eftf d2 Ec t 3c
= + +
6 2 12

= 2 D f + D 0 + Dc

2Df

D0

Dc

d ) (d = tf + tc

B14


) t1 ( tc >> t2 )( Ef >> Ec

M x z (d e) Ef Mx
= f =
D0 td

Tx E f t 2c 2
f = + t t + t 2
z
( D0 + 2 D f ) 2 4 f c f

T E f t f d Ec t 2 c 2

c = x +
2 2 4 z
D

) (

. ) ) ((Nomex

-14

B15
 -1

-2

Compression Shear
-2

Density
Material (kg/m3) Strength Modulus Strength Modulus
(MPa) (MPa) (MPa) (MPa)

Aluminium honeycomb 50 2.1 517 1.4 310

Fiberglass honeycomb 48 2.8 159 1.3 131
Nomex honeycomb 48 2.2 138 1.2 41
Thermoplastic honeycomb 80 2 52 0.4 13.6-50
Rohacell (Polymethacrylimide) 50 0.9 69 0.8 21
Divinycell (polyvinylchloride) 50 0.7 70 0.5 17
Klegecell (polyvinylchloride) 48 0.5 18 0.4 8

B16


. .

15

16

B17
 )(a

)(b

)(c

17 (a) : (b) T L )(c

V

B18
 Sleeve and plug form a telescopic fit

Rivet and Through-bolt Threaded

18

B19
 -19

B20


- http:// fp.anaglyph.fq.co.uk/ products htm Laminate Tools

1
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- http://www.componeering.com ESAComp
2

http://www.simulia.com ABAQUS
3

http://www.ansys.com ANSYS
4

http://www.nisasoftware.com NISA
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http://www.lusas.com LUSAS
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B21


[1] Hull D and Clyne TW, An Introduction to Composite Materials

Cambridge University Press, 1996.

[2] Halpin JC, Primer on Composite Materials Analysis

Technomic Pub. Co. Inc., 1984.

[3] Tsai SW, Composites Design

Think Composites, 1988.

[4] Barbero EJ, Introduction to Composite Materials Design

Taylor and Francis, 1999.

[5] Quin JA, Composites Design Manual

James Quinn Associates Ltd, 2002

[6] Jones RM, Mechanics of Composite Materials

Taylor and Francis, 1999.

[7] Agarwal BD, Broutman LJ and Chandrashekhara K, Analysis and Performance of Fiber
Composites
J. Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2006.

[ 8]

1373 ( )

[9] Zenkert D (Editor), The Handbook of Sandwich Construction ,

Engineering Materials Advisory Services Ltd, 1997.

[10] Gibson LJ and Ashby MF, Cellular Solids ,

Cambridge University Press, 1997.

[11] Bitzer T, Honeycomb Technology ,

Chapman and Hall, 1997.

[12] Matthews FL, Joining Fibre-Reinforced Plastics

Elsevier, 1987.

B22