m
 

mm
m





 m


 
  

m  
V Formado por dos largueros y varios travesaos.
V Hechos de acero.
V Dan la suficiente resistencia para soportar esfuerzos,
deformaciones y vibraciones.
V Tiene unos puntos de anclaje donde se fijan los dems
componentes y sistemas del automvil.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
mm

V s aquella en la que forma parte de su estructura el bastidor.

V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 

V s el suministrador de energa.
V s de combustin interna.
V Compuesto por gran cantidad de piezas metlicas que
giran o se deslizan entre si.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
  
  
m
  

MOTOR

GNV
GASOLINA DIESEL
Gas Natural Vehicular
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
  
  
  m  m 
MOTOR

OPU TO
I V O
BOX R
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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  m  
m 
V _______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 

V s un dispositivo de desacoplamiento mediante un
disco de friccin, mandado por un pedal.
V Cuando se acciona el pedal, libera la presin al disco y
queda interrumpida la transmisin.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
mm
 

 m m

V nida al motor con la interposicin del embrague.
V s un mecanismo que modifica, con mando manual o
automtico, el movimiento que llega a las ruedas.
V Consiste en una serie de engranajes que proporcionan
las diferentes velocidades o marchas.
V Las marchas cortas proporcionan poca velocidad pero
ms fuerza; las largas, ms velocidad pero menos
fuerza.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________


!
"#$

V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________

   m 
MANUAL O MECANICA AUTOMATICA
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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mm
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 
!



V s un eje o tubo que transmite el movimiento de la caja de

cambios al eje trasero o a las ruedas delanteras.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________



 
 


  
   
V Mirve para evitar que los movimientos e irregularidades del
terreno, se transmitan a la carrocera.

MUMP MIO

RI I Mc. PH RMO I P I T
   
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
  
mm
V s la encargada de orientar las ruedas delanteras para
que el vehculo siga la trayectoria prevista.
V l mando lo ejerce el conductor mediante el volante.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 ireccin por caja
ireccin hidrulica

ireccin por cremallera

  
%
V l sistema de frenos permite reducir la velocidad del
vehculo o detenerlo, a voluntad del conductor, en un
tiempo y espacio mnimos.

FR

D
D DIMC

TAMB
R
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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% m
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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%

V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
 
 mm
V ?ermite numerosas y variadas funciones.
V La energa elctrica producida por el alternador es
acumulada por la batera, y su vez suministrada a los
diferentes componentes y/o dispositivos.
V Mu funcin principal es la de alimentar al sistema de
encendido para generar la chispa para el
funcionamiento del motor.
MIMTMA
LCTRIC

BATRIA Y
ARRA  ALMBRAD

CARGA
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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&m
V _______________________________________________
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'
V _______________________________________________
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&
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________



 
  

  
m
V ?ara que se produzca la explosin de la mezcla en el
interior de la cmara de combustin hace falta un
procedimiento elctrico que haga saltar una chispa
entre dos electrodos (buja) para encender
sbitamente la mezcla.

C
 CI
AL
(?LATI
)
C DID

LCTR IC

  
m
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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 m
  
m
BOBI

DIS IBUIDO

BUJI
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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& m
V _______________________________________________
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?URIFICADOR DE AIRE FILTRO DE AIRE
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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m
m
  
V s el sistema por el cual llega el combustible desde el
tanque hasta el carburador o los inyectores.
V Compuesto por:
Deposito o tanque de combustible.
Caos o conductos.
Bomba de combustible (elctrica o mecnica).
Filtro de combustible.
Carburador o inyectores.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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m
m
  (
)
" *
V _______________________________________________
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 BOMB M m
Im

m RBUR OR

I TRO  MO I

V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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m
m
  (!+,!*
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
 BOMB XTR

I
mTORM

BOMB MUMR IB 
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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m
m
  ( *
V _______________________________________________
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 BOMB
ROT TIV

BOMB I
 

I
mTOR
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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 mm
V Tiene por objeto hacer tolerable el roce entre las
superficies en contacto y consiste en interponer entre
las superficies una superficie de aceite sobre la que se
deslizan.
V Mi la capa es delgada, o no existe, se produce un
desgaste de las piezas.
V La lubricacin de los motores tiene por objeto:
Lubricar.
Refrigerar.
Limpiar.
  
 mm
FILTRO DE ACEITE DIVERSOS ACEITES
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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%m
V s capaz de eliminar el calor generado por el
funcionamiento del motor.
V La elevacin excesiva de la temperatura, dara lugar al
deterioro y a la consecuente falta de lubricacin, al
perder el aceite sus propiedades.

?
R AGA

LBRICACI

?
R AIR
  
%m

TA?A DE RADIADOR DE?O ITO DE EX?A IO
V _______________________________________________
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%m

V _______________________________________________
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 -


m & m

  
    
 


V No desatienda sus mensajes.

Me afirma que una imagen vale ms que mil palabras. Aplicando

esta frase al automvil, podramos decir que una luz en el tablero
o un comportamiento anormal en los marcadores enva una serie
de mensajes que no se deben pasar por alto.
 m m
uz de batera

uz de frenos BM

uz de servicio o check engine

uz de aceite o presin de aceite

uz de freno y freno de mano

V na luz roja en el tablero de instrumentos puede
significar que debes detener la marcha
inmediatamente, o que tienes tiempo de llevarlo al
mecnico.
V Aprende a detectar las seales para evitar quedar
plantada.

 

 
V aerifica la l z el e ce i . P e e
a er a falla e l s se s res el
e ce i electr ic . P e e
etectarse a ifere cia e el a ar,
er azl revisar e t s s.
P e es se ir a a . Si el
r le a es seri , la c ta ra
e e a t tica e te asar al
" atera aja" y e este cas ,
te rs la rt i a e es erar a
llevarl al taller.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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V Luz de emisin de gases. Dependiendo
del modelo del coche, estas luces
pueden indicar una falla en los sensores
de emisin de gases o se pueden
encender despus de cierto kilometraje,
(generalmente 100.000 km.). erifica los
sensores. ?uedes continuar. Mi existe
alguna falla, el coche podr presentar
bajo rendimiento de combustible.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
V Luz de carga de batera. l alternador
no est cargando. ?uedes continuar,
pero desconecta todo lo innecesario
(radio, calefaccin, acondicionador de
aire) y evita apagar y encender el
motor ms de lo necesario. Lleva el
coche al taller antes de quedar varado.
Cuando el alternador no carga, la
batera se consume y el coche deja de
funcionar.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
V Meal del "air-bag". Revisa los air-
bags. Mi existe una falla, estos no se
activarn ante un accidente. ?uedes
conducir pero es peligroso en caso de
accidente.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________

 






V Luz de freno. Asegrate de no tener
puesto el freno de mano mientras
conduces. erifica el nivel de lquido de
freno. Completa el nivel si est bajo y ve
al mecnico para revisin. Conducir
con la luz de freno encendida puede ser
peligroso. Molucinalo cuanto antes.
Llama al remolque o conduce con
cuidado hasta el taller mecnico.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
l sistema ABM (antibloqueo) de la luz
de freno, puede indicar bajo nivel de
lquido de freno, calibrador del freno
bloqueado o sistema ABM defectuoso.
erifica el nivel del lquido de freno y
ve al mecnico para revisar los frenos.
Llama al remolque o conduce con
cuidado hasta el taller.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
V Meal de aceite. ?uede ser que el nivel
de aceite est bajo o que no haya
buena presin de aceite. Arrmate al
cordn y apaga el motor de inmediato.
erifica el nivel de aceite y completa el
nivel si est bajo. nciende el motor
nuevamente para controlar si la luz ya
se apag. Mi an sigue encendida, es
posible que la bomba de aceite est
averiada y no haya presin de aceite.
Llama al remolque.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 *


  

V _______________________________________________
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 m 


V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
  % 
 m m 

m

BI
RU R m MBI R

V _______________________________________________
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 %
V _______________________________________________
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  '
% &

V _______________________________________________
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   '
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V _______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
m -----