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Tax Updated Proj PDF
Tax Updated Proj PDF
1. INTRODUCTION
An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) that varies with the
income or profits (taxable income) of the taxpayer. Details vary widely by jurisdiction.
Many jurisdictions refer to income tax on business entities as companys tax or corporate
tax. Partnerships generally are not taxed; rather, the partners are taxed on their share of
partnership items. Tax may be imposed by both a country and subdivisions. Most
jurisdictions exempt locally organized charitable organizations from tax. Income tax
generally is computed as the product of a tax rate times taxable income. The tax rate may
increase as taxable income increases (referred to as graduated rates). Taxation rates may
vary by type or characteristics of the taxpayer. Capital gains may be taxed at different rates
than other income. Credits of various sorts may be allowed that reduce tax. Taxable income
of taxpayers resident in the jurisdiction is generally total income less income producing
expenses and other deductions. Generally, only net gain from sale of property, including
goods held for sale, is included in income. Income of a corporation's shareholders usually
includes distributions of profits from the corporation. Deductions typically include all
business assets. Most jurisdictions either do not tax income earned outside the jurisdiction or
allow a credit for taxes paid to other jurisdictions on such income. Nonresidents are taxed
only on certain types of income from sources within the jurisdictions, with few exceptions.
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The chargeability is based on nature of income, i.e., whether it is revenue or capital. The rates of
Income Tax Slabs and Rates for the Assessment Year 2016-17 (applicable on income earned
during 01.04.2015 to 31.03.2016) for various categories of Indian Income Tax payers.
Senior Citizen
Co-operative Society
Firm
Local Authority
Domestic Company
Other Company
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1.2 SLAB RATES
AJP)
Rs. 2,50,000/-
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. 10% of amount by which the taxable income
2,50,000/- but does not exceed Rs. exceeds Rs. 2,50,000/-. Less ( in case of
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. Rs. 25,000/- + 20% of the amount by which
5,00,000/- but does not exceed Rs. the taxable income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000/-.
10,00,000/-
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. Rs. 125,000/- + 30% of the amount by which
Surcharge - 12% of the Income Tax, where taxable income is more than Rs. 1 crore. (Marginal
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B. SENIOR CITIZEN
(Individual resident who is of the age of 60 years or more but below the age of 80 years at any
time during the previous year i.e. born on or after 1st April 1936 but before 1st April 1956)
3,00,000/-
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. 10% of the amount by which the taxable
3,00,000/- but does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000/- income exceeds Rs. 3,00,000/-. Less : Tax
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. Rs. 20,000/- + 20% of the amount by which the
5,00,000/- but does not exceed Rs. 10,00,000/- taxable income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000/-
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. Rs. 120,000/- + 30% of the amount by which
Surcharge - 12% of the Income Tax, where taxable income is more than Rs. 1 crore. (Marginal
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C. SUPER SENIOR CITIZEN
(Individual resident who is of the age of 80 years or more at any time during the previous year
5,00,000/-.
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. 20% of the amount by which the taxable
5,00,000/- but does not exceed Rs. 10,00,000/- income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000/-.
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. Rs. 100,000/- + 30% of the amount by which
Surcharge - 12% of the Income Tax, where taxable income is more than Rs. 1 crore. (Marginal
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D. CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY
Where the taxable income does not exceed Rs. 10% of the income.
10,000/
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. 10,000/- Rs. 1,000/- + 20% of income in excess of Rs.
Where the taxable income exceeds Rs. 20,000/- Rs. 3.000/- + 30% of the amount by which the
Surcharge - 12% of the Income Tax, where taxable income is more than Rs. 1 crore. (Marginal
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E. PARTNERSHIP FIRM
Surcharge - 12% of the Income Tax, where taxable income is more than Rs. 1 crore. (Marginal
F. LOCAL AUTHORITY
Surcharge - 10% of the Income Tax, where taxable income is more than Rs. 1 crore. (Marginal
G. DOMESTIC COMPANY
Surcharge - The amount of income tax as computed in accordance with above rates, and after
At the rate of 7% of such income tax, provided taxable income exceeds Rs. 1 crore.
At the rate of 12% of such income tax, provided that the taxable income exceeds Rs. 10
crores.
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1.3 FORMAT OF COMPUTATION OF TOTAL INCOME
Name of assessee :
Assessment year :
Previous year :
Legal status :
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ITR
FORM DESCRIPTION OF TAXPAYER
NAME
This is for Hindu Undivided Families that have income from sources
ITR 2
other than Profits and Gains of Business or Profession.
This is for firms, LLPs, AOPs, BOIs, artificial judiciary persons, co-
operative societies and local authorities. This does not apply to
ITR 5 trusts, political parties, colleges, etc. who are required to instead file
return of income under Sections 139(4A), 139(4B), 139(4C) and
139(4D) and do not use this form.
This for companies that dont claim exemptions under Section 11.
ITR 6 Charitable and religious trusts can claim exemptions under Section
11.
This is for persons and companies who are required to furnish returns
ITR 7
under Sections 139(4A), 139(4B), 139(4C) and 139(4D).
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CHAPTER 2
A deduction is also allowed under section 16(ii) in respect of any allowance in the nature
non-government employees.
The tax on employment (Professional Tax) within the meaning of article 276(2) of the
Constitution of India, leviable by or under any law, shall also be allowed as a deduction
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2.2 DEDUCTIONS UNDER CHAPTER VI-A OF THE ACT
Section 80C of the Income Tax Act provides provisions for tax deductions on a number of
payments, with both individuals and Hindu Undivided Families eligible for these
deductions. Eligible taxpayers can claim deductions to the tune of Rs 1.5 lakh per year
under Section 80C, with this amount being a combination of deductions available under
Some of the popular investments which are eligible for this tax deduction are mentioned
below.
Payment made towards life insurance policies (for self, spouse or children)
Section 80C has an exhaustive list of deductions an individual is eligible for, which have led
PR PTHER INSURER)
Section 80 CCC of the Income Tax Act provides scope for tax deductions on investment
in pension funds. These pension funds could be from any insurer and a maximum
deduction of Rs 1.5 lakh can be claimed under it. This deduction can be claimed only by
individual taxpayers.
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b) SECTION 80 CCD ( DEDUCTION FOR CONTRIBUTION TO PENSION
ACCOUNT)
Section 80 CCD aims to encourage the habit of savings among individuals, providing
them an incentive for investing in pension schemes which are notified by the Central
Government. Contributions made by an individual and his/her employer, both are eligible
for tax deduction, subject to the deduction being less than 10% of the salary of the
INFRASTRUCTURE BONDS)
Open to both Hindu Undivided Families and Individuals, Section 80 CCF contains
have been notified by the government. One can claim a maximum deduction of Rs
Section 80 CCG of the Income Tax Act permits a maximum deduction of Rs 25,000 per
year, with specified individual residents eligible for this deduction. Investments in equity
savings schemes notified by the government are permitted for deductions, subject to the
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B. TAX DEDUCTIONS UNDER SECTION 80D
Section 80D of the Income Tax Act permits deductions on amounts spent by an individual
towards the premium of a health insurance policy. This includes payment made on behalf of
20,000 can be claimed as deduction when paid towards the insurance for spouse, dependent
children or self, while this amount is Rs 25,000 if the person is over the age of 60 years.
Both individuals and Hindu Undivided Families are eligible for this deduction, subject to the
Section 80D is further subdivided into two sub-sections, offering clarity on the benefits
available to taxpayers.
RELATIVE)
Section 80DD provides provisions for tax deductions in two cases, with the permitted
deduction being Rs 75,000 for normal disability and Rs 1.25 lakh if it is a severe
Amount paid as premium to purchase or maintain an insurance policy for such dependant.
The permitted deduction is Rs 75,000 for normal disability and Rs 1.25 lakh for a severe
disability. Both Hindu Undivided Families and resident individuals are eligible for this
deduction. The dependant, in this case can be either a spouse, sibling, parents or children.
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b) SECTION 80DDB ( DEDUCTION ON MEDICAL EXPENDITURE OF SELF OR
DEPENDENT RELATIVE)
Section 80DDB can be utilised by HUFs and resident individuals and provides provisions
certain diseases. The permitted deduction is limited to Rs 40,000, which can be increased
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C. TAX DEDUCTIONS UNDER SECTION 80E
Under Section 80E of the Income Tax Act has been designed to ensure that educating
oneself doesnt become an additional tax burden. Under this provision, taxpayers are eligible
for tax deductions on the interest repayment of a loan taken to pursue higher education. This
loan can be availed either by the taxpayer himself/herself or to sponsor the education of
his/her ward/child. Only individuals are eligible for this deduction, with loans taken from
approved charitable organizations and financial institutions permitted for tax benefits.
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D. TAX DEDUCTION UNDER SECTION 80TTA (DEDUCTION OF INTEREST ON
Deductions under Section 80TTA can be claimed by Hindu Undivided Families and
Individual taxpayers. This section permits deductions to the tune ofRs 10,000 every year on
the interest earned on money invested in bank savings accounts in the country.
PERSON)
Tax deductions under Section 80U can be claimed only by resident individual taxpayers who
have disabilities. Individuals who have been certified by relevant medical authorities to be a
Person With Disability can claim a maximum deduction of Rs 75,000 per year.
Individuals who have severe disabilities are entitled to a maximum deduction of Rs 1.25
lakh, subject to them meeting certain criteria. Some of the disabilities which classify for tax
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CHAPTER 3
As per Sec 10 (10) of Income Tax Act, gratuity is paid when an employee completes 5 or more
years of full time service with the employer (minimum 240 days a year).
The gratuity so received by the employee is taxable under the head Income from salary. In case
gratuity is received by the nominee/legal heirs of the employee, the same is taxable in their hands
under the head Income from other sources. This tax treatment varies for different categories of
individual assesses. We shall discuss the tax treatment of gratuity for each assesses in detail.
For the purpose of calculation of exempt gratuity, employees may be divided into 3 categories
(b) Non-government employees covered under the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
(c) Non-government employees not covered under the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
In case of government employees they are fully exempt from receipt of gratuity.
In case of non-government employees covered under the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
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NON GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES
(ii) Rs 10,00,000;
(iii) Half-months average salary for each completed year of service (no part thereof)
Note-
Completed year of service (no part thereof) means: full time service of > 1 year is
Average salary =10 months salary (immediately preceding the month of leaving the job)/10
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received.
At the time of retirement of an employee, the employer pays the employee a certain amount
regularly in consideration of his past service. This periodic is paid by the employer to his
The amount received as pension from the employer or from the pension fund or from any other
a) Commuted pension- Commuted pension means lump sum amount taken by commuting
the whole or part of the pension.
Non government employee: any commuted pension received is exempt from tax in the
following manner:
EXEMPTION
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1/3rd of the amount of pension which he would have received had he commuted the
whole of the pension.
EXEMPTION
of the amount of pension which he would have received had he commuted the
whole of the pension
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3.3 LEAVE SALARY EXEMPTION- SEC 10(10AA)
Leave salary also known as leave encasement which means that employee will receive the
cash for leaves which are not taken by the employees. Employee can encash his leaves
during the course of employment but this amount will be fully taxable or he can encash at the
time of retirement but the taxability of that amount depends on fulfillment of the certain
fully taxable in the hands of employee. While if leave encashment is received in case of
limits.
GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE
OTHER EMPLOYEES
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at the time of retirement Average monthly salary
When the employee is occupying a rented residential accommodation, the amount of house rent
allowance received by him is exempt to the extent of least of the following amounts:
50% of the salary where residential house is situated at Bombay, Calcutta, Madras or Delhi and
40% of the salary where residential house is situated at any other place.
House Rent Allowance actually received by the Employee in respect of the period during which
Amount of rent paid in excess of 10% of the salary. Besides the above, there are certain other
incomes also, which are totally exempt or exempt subject to fulfillment of certain conditions.
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REFERENCES
A. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_tax_in_India
B. http://taxguru.in/income-tax/income-tax-provisions-related-to-income-from-
salary.html
C. https://www.bankbazaar.com/income-tax.html
D. http://cawinners.com/income-under-head-salary/
E. http://www.google.co.in/www.incometaxindia.gov.in
F. http://cacmacsclub.com/income-from-salaries-notes/
G. http://www.google.co.in/commercehub.webs.com
H. http://incometaxmanagement.com/Pages/Gross-Total-Income/Salaries/Chat-Showing-
Computation-of-Salary-Income.html
I. http://www.google.co.in/www.dawnhrs.co.inIncome_Under_Various_Heads.
J. http://www.cutmytax.com/salary-deductions/
K. http://taxguru.in/income-tax/deductions-chapter-applicable-assessees-income-
salaries.html
L. https://cleartax.in/Salary
M. http://www.charteredclub.com/income-tax-exemptions-for-salaried-employees/
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