Indiawya Theseiyaed Iyakkam

,e;jpa Njrpa ,af;fk;
1. gpupl;b~; `T]; Mg; fhkd;]{f;F NjHT nra;ag;gl;l Kjy; ,e;jpaH ahH?

m. yhHl; rpd;fh M. v];.vd;. jh$H
,. lgps;a+.rp. ghdH[p <. jhjhgha; eTNuh[p
2. NtY}H Gul;rpapd; NghJ nrd;id ftHduhf ,Ue;jtH
m. kd;Nwh M. Nk[H n[duy; gPl;lH
,. tpy;ypak; ngd;bq; <. nfd;db
3. 1857 fyfj;jpd; NghJ gPfhupd; Gul;rpf;F jiyik Vw;wtH
m. jhe;jpah NjhNg M. ehdh rhfpg; ,. fd;tH rpq; <. gfJ}H ~h
4. fpyhgj; ,af;fk; njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L
m. 1918 M. 1920 ,. 1922 <. 1924
5. Kjy; tl;l Nkir khehL ele;j NghJ ,e;jpa itrpuhahf ,Ue;jtH
m. ,Htpd; gpuG M. uPbq; gpuG
,. ypd;ypj;Nfh gpuG <. tpy;ypq;ld; gpuG
6. gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; vJ Kjypy; ntsp te;jJ?
m. jp nkl;uh]; nkapy; M. jp ,e;jpad; Nrh~pay; ghHkH
,. jp ngq;fhy; nfrl; <. jp ilk;]; Mg; ,e;jpah
7. Rauh[;a fl;rpia Njhw;Wtpj;jtH ahH?
m. ty;ygha; gNly; M. uhN[e;jpu gpurhj;
,. rp.MH. jh]; <. eNue;jpu Njg;
8. mUzh m~g; myp vNjhL njhlHGilatH?
m. gHNjhyp rj;ahfpufk; M. nts;isaNd ntspNaW ,af;fk;
,. xj;Jioahik ,af;fk; <. fpyhgj; ,af;fk;
9. gHNjhyp rj;jpahfpufk; eilngw;w gHNjhyp vq;Fs;sJ?
m. Xuprh M. F[uhj; ,. Nkw;F tq;fk; <. Me;jpug; gpuNjrk;
10. ,e;jpahtpw;F fly; top fz;l NghHj;Jf;fPrpa khYkpahd th];Nfhlfhkh ve;j
Mz;L Nfhopf;NfhL JiwKfj;ijf; fz;lhH?
m. 1948 M. 1398 ,. 1498 <. 1500
tpil: 1. < 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. M 6. , 7. , 8. M 9. M 10. ,
11. Nldpa fpof;fpe;jpa tzpff; FO epWtg;gl;l ehL?

m. ,q;fpyhe;J M. nejHyhe;J ,. nld;khHf; <. gpuhd;];
12. gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; md;dp ngrz;l; mk;ikahH gw;wpa ve;jj; jfty; rupahdJ?
m. ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpurpd; Kjy; ngz; jiytH
M. N`hk; &y; ,af;fj;ij 1916y; njhlq;fpdhH
,. rpwe;j fy;tpahsH> rpwe;j Njrpathjp
<. ,it midj;Jk; rup
13. kfhj;kh fhe;jpia ,e;jpahtpd; je;ij vd Kjypy; $wpatH ahH?
m. [t`Hyhy; NeU M. rHjhH ty;ygha; gNly;
,. Rgh~; re;jpu Ngh]; <. ghy fq;fhju jpyfH
14. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; itrpuha; ahH?
m. kTz;l;Ngl;ld; gpuG M. fhdpq; gpuG
,. thud; N`];bq;f;]; <. ly;fTrp gpuG
15. Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpy; vj;jid ftHdH n[duy;fs; gjtpapypUe;jdH?
m. 3 M. 2 ,. 4 <. 1
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16. GNdapYs;s vuthlh rpiwapy; 1930y; kfhj;kh fhe;jp rpiwapy; milf;fg;gl;lJ
vjw;fhf?
m. xj;Jioahik ,af;fj;ij gug;gpajw;fhf
M. jz;b ahj;jpiu nrd;W cg;G rj;jpahfpufk; elj;jpajw;fhf
,. nts;isaNd ntspNaW ,af;fj;ij njhlq;fpajw;fhf
<. ,it vJTk; ,y;iy
17. KjyhtJ tq;f gpuptpid vg;NghJ ele;jJ?
m. 1805 M. 1905 ,. 1811 <. 1911
18. rpg;gha;fs; Kjd; Kjypy; fpsHr;rpapy; <Lgl;l ,lk;?
m. kPul; M. Nguf;g+H ,. fhd;g+H <. ngH`hk;g+H
19. ghurPf tisFlhtpy; MHk]; (Ormus) JiwKfj;ij cUthf;fpatH
m. my;nka;lh M. my;GfHF ,. th];Nfhlfhkh <. thd;bnkd;
20. mk;ghapdh gLnfhiy ele;j Mz;L
m. 1620 M. 1621 ,. 1622 <. 1623
tpil: 11. , 12. < 13. , 14. M 15. < 16. M 17. M 18. m 19. M 20. <
21. kq;fs;ghz;Nl J}f;fpyplg;gl;l ,lk;

m. kPul; M. fhd;g+H ,. mNahj;jp <. Nguf;g+H
22. ,uz;lhk; gfJ}H vq;F ehL flj;jg;gl;lhH?
m. kNyrpah M. uq;$d; ,. me;jkhd; <. ,e;NjhNd~pah
23. tpf;Nlhupah Nguurpapd; kfhrh];d mwpf;if gbf;fg;gl;l ,lk;
m. jpy;yp M. myfhghj; ,. tq;fhsk; <. Nghghy;
24. khfhz rl;lkd;wq;fs; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mz;L
m. 1861 M. 1863 ,. 1864 <. 1865
25. rp.gp. fpy;gHl; vd;gtH
m. xU rl;l cWg;gpdH M. xU itrpuha;
,. ,e;jpa nrayhsH <. ePjpgjp
26. fhq;fpurpy; kpjthjpfSk; jPtputhjpfSk; ,ize;j Mz;L
m. 1912 M. 1914 ,. 1916 <. 1918
27. te;jthrp tPud; vd;W miof;fg;gLgtH
m. fTd;l-; b-yhyp M. uhgHl; fpist;
,. rH maH $l; <. G];yp
28. irkd; FO tUifia vjpHj;J Nghuhl;lk; elj;jp capupoe;jtH
m. yhyh y[gjp uha; M. jhjhgha; et;Nuh[p
,. #upahnrd; <. vtUkpy;iy
29. nrd;idapy; fhq;fpu]; khehL eilngw;w Mz;L
m. 1887 M. 1895 ,. 1898 <. Nkw;fz;l midj;Jk;
30. Nty;]; ,sturH ,e;jpah te;jJ
m. 1921 Vg;uy; M. 1921 etk;gH ,. 1922 khHr; <. 1922 mf;NlhgH
tpil: 21. < 22. M 23. M 24. m 25. m 26. , 27. , 28. m 29. < 30. M
31. 1612y; Mq;fpNyaH vq;F jq;fsJ Kjy; njhopw;rhiyia epWtpdH?

m. Nfhth M. #uj; ,. Nfhopf;NfhL <. nrd;id
32. ,e;jpahtpy; jghy; jiyfis mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ ahH?
m. kpd;Nlh M. ly;`Trp ,. fhdpq; <. upg;gd;
33. md;dp ngrz;l; mk;ikahH vNjhL njhlHGilatH?
m. gpuk;k rkh[k; M. Mupa rkh[k;
,. uhkfpU~;z ,af;fk; <. jpahrgpfy; ,af;fk;
34. Ra kupahij ,af;fj;ijj; njhlq;fpaJ ahH?
m. rp.MH. nul;b M. <.nt.uh. ngupahH
,. Nf. fhkuh[; <. nry;tuh[; KjypahH
35. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; Njrpaf; ftp vd miof;fg;gLgtH ahH?
m. n`d;wp tptpad; bnurpNah M. utPe;jpuehj; jh$H
,. gq;fpk; re;jpu rhl;lH[p <. Rg;gpukzpa ghujp
36. ngq;fhy; gpuptpid vg;NghJ ele;jJ?
m. 1899 M. 1900 ,. 1901 <. 1905
37. njd; Mg;gpupf;fhtpypUe;J ,e;jpahtpw;F vg;NghJ fhe;jpabfs;; te;jhH?
m. 1902 M. 1904 ,. 1909 <. 1915
38. [hypad;thyhghf; gLnfhiy vg;NghJ ele;jJ?
m. 1917 M. 1918 ,. 1919 <. 1920
39. uh~;lu; pa Rtak;Nrtf; rq; vdg;gLk; MH.v];.v];. ,af;fk; vg;NghJ
njhlq;fg;gl;lJ?
m. 1932 M. 1933 ,. 1925 <. 1936
40. ,e;jpahtpy; gjtpapypUf;Fk; NghJ gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;l xNu it];uha; ahH?
m. `Hbq;Nf M. ehHj;G&f; ,. kNah <. kpd;Nlh
tpil: 31. M 32. M 33. < 34. M 35. m 36. < 37. < 38. , 39. , 40. ,
41. ,e;jpahtpy; ngd;rpiy mwpKfg;gLj;jpatH ahH?

m. JUf;fpaH M. lr;Rf;fhuH ,. Mq;fpNyaH <. NghHr;Rf;fPrpaH
42. ,e;jpah Rje;jpuk; ngw;w NghJ ,q;fpyhe;jpd; gpujkuhf ,Ue;jtH ahH?
m. rHr;rpy; M. ml;yp ,. gpHfd;n`l; <. uhk;Nr nkf;nlhdhy;l;
43. ghfp];jhd; vd;Dk; K];ypk;fSf;fhd jdp ehL Nfhupf;ifia K];ypk; yPf;
vg;NghJ NfhupaJ?
m. 1939 M. 1940 ,. 1942 <. 1944
44. te;Nj khjuk; ,af;fk; vq;Nf eilngw;wJ?
m. Ijuhghj; M. jpUthq;$H ,. nrd;id <. ngq;f@&
45. kfhj;kh fhe;jp jiytuhf gq;Nfw;w xNu fhq;fpu]; khehL vq;F eilngw;wJ?
m. ngy;fhk; M. fah ,. `upGuh <. jpupGuh
46. rpg;gha; fyfj;jpd; NghJ kj;jpa ,e;jpahtpy; Gul;rpf;F jiyikNaw;wtH
m. `H~j; kfhy;Ngfk; M. ehdhrhfpg;
,. uhzp yl;Rkpgha; <. fd;tH rpq;
47. ly;nfsrp gpuGtpdhy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ
m. Jizg;gil jpl;lk; M. thupR ,og;G nfhs;if
,. epue;ju epy tUtha; jpl;lk; <. Nkw;fz;l midj;Jk;
48. nghUj;Jf:
I. gfJ}H ~h - 1. Ng~;th
II. jhe;jpah NjhNg - 2. uhZtj;jsgjp
III. ehdhrhfpg; - 3. [hd;rp
IV. yl;Rkpgha; - 4. nly;yp NguurH
m. I-4 II-2 III-1 IV-3 M. I-4 II-1 III-2 IV-3
,. I-2 II-1 III-4 IV-3 <. I-1 II-2 III-3 IV-4
49. 1857 Gul;rpapy; gq;Nfw;fhjtHfs;
1. rPf;fpaHfs;
2. kuhj;jpaHfs;
3. Mg;fhdpaH
4. $Hf;fhf;fs;
m. midtUk; M. 1> 2 kw;Wk; 3
,. 1> 3 kw;Wk; 4 <. 1> 2 kw;Wk; 4
50. gpuk;k rkh[k; njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L
m. 1927 M. 1928 ,. 1929 <. 1930
tpil: 41. < 42. M 43. M 44. m 45. m 46. , 47. M 48. m 49. , 50. ,
51. jpNahrhgpf;fy; nrhi]l;b Kjypy; cUthd ehL

m. ,e;jpah M. maHyhe;J ,. mnkupf;fh <. ,q;fpyhe;J
52. ,uh];j; Nfhg;jhH vd;gJ
m. rPHjpUj;j ,af;fk; M. gj;jpupf;if
,. r%f rPHjpUj;jthjpapd; ngaH <. efuk;
53. ,e;jpa MAj rl;lk; nfhz;L te;jtH
m. fhdpq; gpuG M ypl;ld; gpuG ,. fHrd; gpuG <. upg;gd; gpuG
54. `z;lH fy;tp FO epakpf;fg;gl;l Mz;L
m. 1880 M. 1881 ,. 1882 <. 1883
55. ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]; Njhd;w fhuzkhd `{a+k; xU
m. Mq;fpNya gj;jpupifahsH M. Mq;fpy Xa;T ngw;w mYtyH
,. rPHjpUj;jthjp <. Mq;fpy itrpuha;
56. fPo;f;fz;l vJ lr;Rf;fhuHfspd; thzpgj; jyk;?
1. goNtw;fhL
2. k#ypg;gl;bdk;
3. rpd;Ruh
m. midj;Jk; rupahdit M. 1 kw;Wk; 2 rupahdit
,. 1 kw;Wk; 3 rupahdit <. 2 kw;Wk; 3 rupahdit
57. Mf;uh> mfkjhghj; kw;Wk; GNuhr; Mfpa ,lq;fspy; Mq;fpNya tzpfj;jyk;
mikf;f mDkjp ngw;wtH?
m. rH tpy;ypak; `hf;fpd;]; M. rH jhk]; Nuh
,. rH gpuhd;]p]; Nl <. tpy;ypak; `hkpy;ld;
58. 1674k; Mz;L ghz;br;Nrupia mikj;jtH
m. ba+g;Ns M. ^kh];
,. gpuhd;rp]; fNuhd; <. gpuhd;rp]; khHbd;
59. fPo;f;fz;l vJ fpof;Ff; flw;fiuapy; mike;Js;sJ?
1. Vdhk;
2. kh`p
3. ghyhr;#H
m. 1 kw;Wk; 3 M. 2 kw;Wk; 3 ,. 1 kw;Wk; 2 <. midj;Jk;
60. 1767y; nrq;fj;jpy; i`jH mypia Njhw;fbj;j Mq;fpNyaH?
m. rH maH $l; M. thl;rd; ,. ];kpj; <. Nk[H kd;Nwh
tpil: 51. , 52. M 53. M 54. M 55. M 56. m 57. M 58. < 59. m 60. ,
61. 1867 fyfj;jpd;NghJ nly;ypapy; jiyik Vw;wtH?

m. fd;tH rpq; M. Ngfk; `[;uj; kfhy;
,. gf;j; `hd; <. gfJ}H ~h [hgH
62. ehdhrhfpg; fPo;f;fz;l xUtupd; jj;Jg;gps;is?
m. Ng~;th ,uz;lhk; gh[puht; M. m]pKy;yh
,. ehuhazuht; <. `H~pj; fhd;
63. fpof;fpe;jpa fk;ngdpapd; filrp jiyik MSeH?
m. ngd;bq; gpuG M. fhdpq; gpuG ,. ly;nfsrp gpuG <. N`];bq; gpuG
64. ,e;jpahtpd; xt;nthU khfhzj;jpYk; nghJ fy;tpj; Jiwia cUthf;fpatH?
m. tpy;ypak; ngz;bq; gpuG M. upg;gd; gpuG
,. ly;nfsrp gpuG <. nkf;fhNy gpuG
65. n[duy; ];thHL gq;Nfw;w NghH?
m. ,uz;lhk; ik#H NghH M. %d;whk; ik#H NghH
,. ehd;fhk; ik#H NghH <. Kjy; kuhj;jpa NghH
66. ,e;jpahtpd; mYty; nkhopahf Mq;fpyk; khw;wg;gl;l Mz;L?
m. 1829 M. 1833 ,. 1835 <. 1839
67. kPul; gFjpapy; fyfj;jpy; <Lgl;l Gul;rpf;fhuHfs; mq;fpUe;J Gwg;gl;L fPo;f;fz;l
ve;j ,lj;ij jq;fs; fl;Lg;ghl;by; nfhz;L te;jdH?
m. jpy;yp M. fhd;g+H ,. gPfhH <. uha;g;g+H
68. fhq;fpu]; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l NghJ ,e;jpahtpd; itrpuha;
m. ypl;ld; gpuG M. fHrd; gpuG ,. upg;gd; gpuG <. l/g;upd; gpuG
69. Kjy; fhq;fpu]; khehl;by; gq;Nfw;w gpujpepjpfs;
m. 72 M. 74 ,. 76 <. 78
tpil: 61. < 62. m 63. M 64. , 65. , 66. , 67. m 68. < 69. <
;jpa murpayikg;G
1. gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; vJ I.eh.tpd; epue;ju cWg;gpdH my;y?

m. [g;ghd; M. rPdh ,. u~;ah <. gpupl;ld;
2. gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; vJ I.eh.tpd; mikg;G my;y?
m. gd;dhl;L ePjpkd;wk; M. bu];b~pg; fTd;rpy;
,. vfdhkpf; mz;l; Nrhrpay; fTd;rpy; <. `T]; Mg; fhkd;];
3. ve;j murpayikg;Gg; gpuptpd; fPo; Njrpa mtru fhy rl;lj;ij FbauRj; jiytH
gpwg;gpf;fyhk;?
m. 352tJ gpupT M. 356tJ gpupT ,. 360tJ gpupT <. 361tJ gpupT
4. ,e;jpa murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj;ijg; nghWj;jtiu tho;tjw;fhd cupik vd;gJ
m. murpay; cupik M. nghUshjhu cupik
,. mbg;gil cupik <. kj cupik
5. gpd; tUtdtw;wpy; vJ khepy muRfshy; kl;LNk tpjpf;fg;glf;$baJ?
m. Nfspf;if tup M. nrhj;J tup ,. tUkhd tup <. fhHg;gNul; tup
6. Nyhf;rghtpd; rghehafupd; rk;gsj;ij epHzapg;gJ ahH?
m. [dhjpgjp M. rk;gs fkp~d; ,. Nfgpdl; <. ghHypnkz;l;
7. murpay;thjpay;yhj ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; [dhjpgjp ahH?
m. lhf;lH [hfPH cNrd; M. lhf;lH V.gp.N[. mg;Jy; fyhk;
,. lhf;lH uhjhfpU~;zd; <. lhf;lH uhN[e;jpugpurhj;
8. uh[;a rgh cWg;gpdH gjtpf; fhyk; vj;jid Mz;Lfs;?
m. 3 M. 4 ,. 5 <. 6
9. gpd;tUk; a+dpad; gpuNjrq;fspy; uh[;a rghtpy; gpujpepjpfs; ,Ug;gJ ,jw;F kl;Lk;
jhd;
m. me;jkhd; epNfhghH jPTfs; M. lhkd; ilA
,. GJr;Nrup <. ,it vJTkpy;iy
10. uh[;argh vj;jid Mz;LfSf;F xU Kiw fiyf;fg;gLfpwJ?
m. 6 M. 5 ,. 2 <. fiyf;fKbahJ
tpil: 1. m 2. < 3. m 4. , 5. m 6. < 7. , 8. < 9. , 10. <
1. murpayikg;G epHza rigapd; jw;fhypfj; jiytuhf ,Ue;jtH ahH?
m) lhf;lH ,uhN[e;jpu gpurhj; M) lhf;lH mk;Ngj;fH
,) lhf;lH rr;rpjhde;j rpd;fh <) gz;bj [t`Hyhy; NeU
2. ,e;jpa murpayikg;G tiue;J Kbe;jJ.
m) 26 brk;gH> 1949,y; M)26 [dtup> 1950,y;
,) 26 etk;gH> 1949,y; <) 30etk;gH> 1949,y;
3. ,e;jpa Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH fPo;f;fhZk; Kiwapy; NjHe;njLf;fg;gLfpwhH
m) khepyq;fsitahy;
M) khepyq;fsit kw;Wk; kf;fsitahy;
,) khepyq;fsit> kf;fsit kw;Wk; khepyr;rl;l kd;wk; Mfpaitahy;
<) khepyq;fsit kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kf;fsitapy; cs;s
NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;lcWg;gpdHfshy;
4) FbauRj; jiytH jdJ gjtp tpyfiy fPo;f; Fwpg;gpl;l egUf;F mDg;gyhk;
m) Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH M) kf;fsit rghehafH
,) gpujkH <) cr;rePjpkd;wj;jpd; jiyik ePjpgjp
5. mikr;ruit $l;lhf
m) FbauRj; jiytUf;Fg; nghWg;ghdJ.
M) gpujk mikr;rUf;F nghWg;ghdJ.
,) kf;fsitf;Fg; nghWg;ghdJ
<) khepyq;fsitf;Fg; nghWg;ghdJ
6. mbg;gil cupikfs;
m) khepy MSeuhy; epWj;jp itf;fg;glyhk;
M) FbauRj; jiytuhy; epWj;jp itf;fg;glyhk;
,) rl;l mikr;ruhy; epWj;jp itf;fg;glyhk;
<) gpujkmikr;ruhy; epWj;jp itf;fg;glyhk;
7. ,e;jpa murpayikg;ig cUthf;fpatHfs; mbg;gil cupikfs; vd;w fUj;ij
m) mnkupf;f If;fpa ehl;L murpayikg;gpy; ,Ue;J ngw;wdH.
M) Nrhtpaj; u~;amikg;gpypUe;J ngw;wdH
,) Iup]; murpayikg;gpypUe;J ngw;wdH
<) fdlh murpayikg;gpypUe;J ngw;wdH
8. muR nfhs;ifapid newpg;gLj;Jk; Nfhl;ghLfs; ve;jg; gFjpapy;
NrHf;fg;gl;Ls;sd?
m) murpayikg;gpd; gFjp IV M) murpayikg;gpd; gFjp V
,) murpayikg;gpd; gFjp VI <) murpayikg;gpd; gFjp III
9. ,e;jpa jpl;lf; FOtpd; jiytH
m) jpl;l mikr;rH M) Jizg; gpujk mikr;rH
,) gpujk mikr;rH <) epjp mikr;rH
10. ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpd; nghJg; gl;baypy; vj;jid tiffs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd?
m) 96 tiffs; M) 66 tiffs; ,) 47 tiffs; <) 99 tiffs;
11. xUtUf;F ,e;jpa FbAupik ngWtjw;fhd jFjpahdJ
m) ,e;jpahtpy; trpg;gtuhf ,Uj;jy;
M) ,e;jpahtpy; gpwe;jtuhf ,Uj;jy;
,) ghfp];jhdpy; ,Ue;J mfjpahf te;jtH
<) ,it vy;yhtw;iwAk; cilatH
12. fPo;f;fhz;gitfspy; vJ ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpy; ,Ue;J NtWgl;lJ?
m) $l;lhl;rp murhq;fk; M) ghuhSkd;w murhq;fk;
,) [dhjpgjp Kiw murhq;fk; <) jdpj;Jtk; tha;e;j ePjpj;Jiw
13. caHePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs; Xa;T ngWk; taJ
m) 62 Mz;Lfs; M) 65 Mz;Lfs; ,) 60 Mz;Lfs; <) 64 Mz;Lfs;
14. cr;rePjpkd;w MNyhrid toq;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij ngw;wpUg;gJ
m) tpjp 243 gb M) tpjp 43 gb ,) tpjp 142 gb <) tpjp 143 gb
15. ,e;jpa cr;rePjpkd;wk;
m) murpayikg;ghy; mikf;fg;gl;lJ
M) ghuhSkd;wr; rl;lj;jhy; mikf;fg;gl;lJ
,) FbauRj; jiytupd; Mizahy; mikf;fg;gl;lJ
<) ,itfspy; VJkpy;iy
16. ,e;jpa ghuhSkd;wk;
m) kf;fsit> khepyq;fsitiaf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ
M) FbauR jiytH> kf;fsit kw;Wk; khepyq;fsitiaf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.
,) kf;fsit> FbauRj; jiytH kw;Wk; mikr;ruitiaf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
<) kf;fsit> khepyq;fsit> mikr;ruit kw;Wk; FbauRj; jiytiuf;
nfhz;Ls;sJ.
17. ek;gpf;ifapy;yh jPHkhdk; kf;fsitapy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl Fiwe;j gl;rk;
m) 50 cWg;gpdHfspd; MjuT Njit
M) 70 cWg;gpdHfspd; MjuT Njit
,) 60 cWg;gpdHfspd; MjuT Njit
<) 80 cWg;gpdHfspd; MjuT Njit
18. kf;fsitapd; jiytH
m) mitapy; thf;Ffs; rkkhf ,Uf;Fk; NghJ thf;fspf;f
cupikngw;wpUf;fpwhH.
M) kw;w cWg;gpdHfisg; Nghy vy;yh rkaq;fspYk; thf;fspf;f cupik
ngw;wpUf;fpwhH.
,) thf;fspf;f cupik ,y;iy
<) ,uz;L thf;Ffs; rhjhuz rkaj;jpy; xU thf;Fk;> rkkhf thf;Ffs;
,Uf;Fk; NghJ kw;nwhU thf;Fk;.
19. gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vJ mbg;gil cupikfspd; ghJfhtyd;?
m) rl;lkd;wk; M) epHthfj;Jiw ,) murpay; fl;rpfs; <) ePjpj;Jiw
20. ,e;jpa FbkfDf;F murpayikg;G gupfhuk; fhZk; cupik ve;j tpjpapd;
fPo;toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ?
m) 19 M) 17 ,) 32 <) 30
21. rkj;Jt thf;Fupik mspg;gjd; %yk; Vw;gLtJ
m) rl;l rkj;Jtk; M) r%f rkj;Jtk;
,) nghUshjhu rkj;Jtk; <) murpay; rkj;Jtk;
22. ePjp kWguprPyid vd;gJ
m) ePjpj;Jiwia epHthfj;Jiw fz;fhzpg;gJ
M) rl;lq;fis ePjpj;Jiw kWguprPyid nra;tJ
,) ePjpj;Jiwf; FO ePjpkd;wq;fisf; fz;fhzpg;gJ
<) epHthfj;Jiwia ePjpj;Jiw fz;fhzpg;gJ
23. ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpd; ve;jg; gFjpapd; fPo; 14 taJf;Fl;gl;l Foe;ijfSf;F
,ytrf; fl;lhaf; fy;tp toq;f top tif nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ?
m) muR topfhl;L newpKiw Nfhl;ghLfs;
M) mbg;gil cupikfs;
,) mbg;gil flikfs;
<) Fwpg;gpl;l rpy tFg;gpdUf;F rpwg;G gpuptpd; fPo;
24. ve;j murpayikg;G jpUj;jjpd; %yk; mbg;gil flikfs; tiuaWf;fg;gl;ld?
m) 40tJ murpayikg;G jpUj;jk;
M) %y murpay; mikg;G
,) 39tJ murpayikg;G jpUj;jk;
<) 42tJ murpayikg;G jpUj;jk;
25. 44tJ murpayikg;G jpUj;jk; mky;gLj;jg;gl;l gpd;> nrhj;JupikahdJ
m) mbg;gil cupikapypUe;J ePf;fg;gl;L rl;l cupikahf kl;Lk;
Vw;fg;gl;Ls;sJ
M) mbg;gil cupikahfTk;> rl;l cupikahfTk; Vw;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,) vt;tpj khw;wj;ijAk; Vw;gLj;jhky; Kd;gpUe;jijg; NghyNt cs;sJ.
<) ,tw;wpy; VJTkpy;iy
26. ve;j khepyj;jpd; caHePjpkd;wk; yl;rjPtpd; kPJ rl;l vy;iyia cilaJ?
m) GJby;yp M) fHehlfh ,) Nfush <) Kk;ig
27. ve;j tpjp [k;K kw;Wk; fh~;kPUf;F jdp me;j];J toq;FfpwJ?
m) 356 M) 360 ,) 372 <) 370
28. ,e;jpa ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; Nkyitapd; jiytH
m) thf;Fupik ngWtJ ,y;iy
M) rkepiy Kuz;gLk; NghJ kl;Lk; thf;fspg;gjpy; cupik ngWfpwhH
,) vy;yh tptfhuq;fspYk; thf;Fupik ngWfpwhH
<) rl;lj; jpUj;jjpy; kl;Lk; thf;Fupik ngWfpwhH
29. rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; rigfs; kj;jpapYk;> jkpo; ehl;bYk;
m) kj;jpapy; XH mit> jkpo;ehl;by; ,U mit
M) kj;jpapy; XH mit> jkpo;ehl;by; XH mit
,) kj;jpapy; ,U mit> jkpo;ehl;by; ,U mit
<) kj;jpapy; ,U mit> jkpo;ehl;by; XH mit
30. ,e;jpa FbauRj; jiytH NjHe;njLf;fg;gLtJ
m) ,e;jpa kf;fshy; Neupilj; NjHjy; %yk;
M) ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; ,U mitfspd; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l cWg;gpdHfs; kw;Wk;
khepyr;rl;lg; Nguitfspd; NjHnjLf;fg;gl;l cWg;gpdHfs; mlq;fpa
NjHthsH FOthy;
,) ghuhSkd;w ,U mit cWg;gpdHfshy; kl;Lk;
<) ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdHfs; kw;Wk; khepyr; rl;lkd;wq;fspd; ,U mit
cWg;gpdHfshy;
tpilfs;:
1) , 2) , 3) M 4) m 5) , 6) M 7) m 8 m 9) , 10) , 11) < 12) , 13) m
14) < 15) m 16) M 17) m 18) m 19) < 20) , 21) < 22) M 23) m 24) < 25) m
26) , 27) < 28) M 29) < 30) M
1. khepyq;fspd; nkhopiag; gw;wpf; $Wk; tpjpfs;:

m) tpjpfs; 354 Kjy; 374 M) tpjpfs; 342 Kjy; 362
,) tpjpfs; 345 Kjy; 347 <) ,it vJTkpy;iy
2. rHf;fhupah fkp\d; ve;j cwTfisg; guprPypf;f Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ?
m) gpujk mikr;rUf;Fk;> [dhjpgjpf;Fk;
M) mikr;ruitf;Fk;> ePjpkd;wj;jpw;Fk;
,) rl;lrigf;Fk;> mikr;ruitf;Fk;
<) kj;jpa murpw;Fk;> khepy murpw;Fk;.
3. EfHNthH ePjpkd;wq;fspy;
m) tha;nkhop tpthjk; kl;LNk cz;L
M) vOj;J %ykhd tpthjk; kl;LNk cz;L
,) vOj;J %ykhd tpthjj;jpw;F tha;nkhop Jiz tpthjk; cz;L.
<) ,it midj;Jk;
4. jkpo;ehl;bypUe;J vj;jid cWg;gpdHfs; kf;fsitf;F mDg;gg;gLfpwhHfs;
m) 36 cWg;gpdHfs; M) 37 cWg;gpdHfs;
,) 38 cWg;gpdHfs; <) 39 cWg;gpdHfs;
5. ahH murpayikg;ghy; mspf;fg;gl;l mbg;gil cupikfis jpUj;jk; nra;tJ?
m) FbauRj; jiytH M) cr;rePjpkd;wk;
,) ghuhSkd;wk; <) ,it VJkpy;iy
6. khtl;l Ml;rpahsUila Kf;fpag; gzp
m) tUtha;g; gzp M) rl;lk; xOq;iff; fhg;gJ
,) tsHr;rpg; gzpfs; <) ,it midj;Jk;
7. cs;shl;rp murhq;f mikg;Gfs; nray;gLtJ
m) 1980-ypUe;J M) kpfg; goq;fhyj;jpypUe;J
,) 1890-ypUe;J <) 1687-ypUe;J
8. khepy mjpfhug; gl;baypy; cs;s ve;j xU nghUisg; gw;wpAk; ghuhSkd;wk;
rl;lkpaw;wyhk;?
m) cr;rePjpkd;wk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F mjpfhuk; je;jhy;
M) ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F mjpfhuk; je;jhy;
,) Njreyd; fUjp ghuhSkd;wk; khepy mjpfhug; gl;baypYs;s nghUs;
gw;wprl;lk; ,aw;wyhk; vd;W uh[;a rghtpy; cs;s %d;wpy; ,uz;L
gq;FcWg;gpdHfs; jPHkhdk; epiwNtw;wpdhy;
<) ,it VJkpy;iy
9. vk;.[p.MH. ve;j tUlj;jpy; jp.K.f.tpypUe;J ePf;fg;gl;lhH?
m) 1967-y; M) 1969-y; ,) 1972-y; <) 1977-y;
10. tpgr;rhuj;ij Fw;wkhf;fpa rl;lkhdJ
m) ,e;J jpUkzr;rl;lk; M) jilr;rl;lk;
,) xOf;fkw;w elkhLjy; mlf;FKiwr;rl;lk;
<) thupRr;rl;lk;
11. gl;bay; rhjpapdupd; gpur;rpidfs; fPo;f;fz;ltw;why; Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ
m) Mya EioT
M) jPz;lhik xopg;Gr;rl;lk;
,) murhq;fj;jpd; ,l xJf;fl P ;Lf; nfhs;if
<) fy;tp
12. ,e;jpa murpay; rhrdk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;l Mz;L
m) etk;gH 26> 1949 M) [dtup 26> 1950
,) Mf];L 14> 1947 <) ,it VJkpy;iy
13. fPo;f;fz;ltw;wpy; vJ mbg;gil cupik ,y;iy?
m) nrhj;Jupik M) kj Rje;jpu cupik
,) Ngr;R Rje;jpu cupik <) rkj;Jt cupik
14. topfhl;Lk; newpKiwf; Nfhl;ghLfs;
m) rl;lj;jhy; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glhJ
M) xg;ge;jk; nra;a KbahJ
,) xg;ge;jk; nra;a KbAk;
<) rl;lj;jhy; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLtJ
15. ,e;jpag; ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; ngupa FO vJ?
m) nghJf;fzf;Ff; FO M) kjpg;gPl;Lf; FO
,) nghJj;Jiwf; FOf;fs; <) kDf;FO
16. uh[;a rigf;F vj;jid cWg;gpdHfs; [dhjpgjp epakdk; nra;fpwhH?
,)12 cWg;gpdHfs; <) 20 cWg;gpdHfs;
17. nghlh rl;lk; nfhz;L tug;gl;l Mz;L
m) 2004 M) 2000 ,) 2001 <) 2002
18. ve;jg; gpuptpd; fPo; epjp neUf;fb gpufldg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ?
m) tpjp 356 M) tpjp 360 ,) tpjp 352 <) tpjp 350
19. fPNo Fwpg;gpl;Ls;stw;wpd; ve;jg; gl;baypd; Nky; kj;jpa kw;Wk; khepy muRfs;
rl;lkpaw;wyhk;?
m) khepyg;gl;bay; M) kj;jpag;gl;bay;
,) nghJg;gl;bay; <) ,it midj;Jk;
20. [k;K-fh\;kPupd; rpwg;G me;j];ij KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L tu Ntz;Lk; vd;w fUj;J
tYg;ngw;wJ.
m) [k;K-fh~;kPupd; FbapUg;G kNrhjh 1982-y; epiwNtw;wg;gl;l gpwF
M) yhy;gfJ}H rh];jpup ,we;j gpwF
,) Rtud; rpq;fpd; uh[pdkhtpw;Fg; gpwF
<) ghfp];jhdpypUe;J jPtputhjpfspd; CLUtYf;Fg; gpwF.
21. murhq;fj;jpy; gq;F ngw Kaw;rpf;fhky; murpd; KbTfis khw;w Kaw;rpf;Fk;
mikg;G
m) jd;dhHtj;njhz;L mikg;Gfs; M) mOj;jf; FOf;fs;
,) murhq;fk; rhuh mikg;Gfs; <) murpay; fl;rpfs;
22. jkpo;ehl;by; m.,.m.jp.K.f. Kjd; Kjypy; Ml;rpf;F te;j Mz;L
m) 1972 M) 1977 ,) 1982 <) 1984
23. ,uz;L kjj;jpid rhHe;j Mz;> ngz; ,UtUk; fPo;f;fz;l rl;lg;gb jpUkzk;
nra;J nfhs;syhk;.
m) ,e;J jpUkzr;rl;lk; M) rpwg;G jpUkzr;rl;lk;
,) fpwp];jt jpUkzr;rl;lk; <) Kfkjpa jpUkzr;rl;lk;
24. $l;lhl;rpapd; kpf Kf;fpa mk;rk;
m) xNu rl;lkd;wk; M) mjpfhug; gq;fPL
,) ePjp kW Ma;T <) mjpfhug; gpuptpid
25. ,e;jpaf; Fbkf;fSf;F mbg;gil cupikfs; toq;fpajd; Kf;fpaNehf;fk;
m) [dehaf murhq;fj;ij Vw;gLj;j
M) jdpegH Rje;jpuj;ij ghJfhf;f
,) ePjpj;Jiwapd; jdpj;jd;ikia ghJfhf;f
<) nghJTilik rKjhak; cz;lhf;f
26. [dhjpgjp gjtpf;fhd NjHjiy elj;JgtH
m) kf;fsit rgheafH M) ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; nghJr;nrayH
,) ,e;jpaj; jiyik ePjpgjp <) ,e;jpaj; NjHjy; Mizak;
27. khepyq;fSf;F uh[;a rigapy; vjd; mbg;gilapy; ,lk; xJf;fg;gLfpwJ?
m) rkkhd gpujpepjpj;Jtk;
M) kf;fs; njhifapd; mbg;gilapy;
,) kf;fs; njhif kw;Wk; nghUshjhu epiy
<) jw;Nghija nghUshjhu epiyiag; nghUj;J
28. Kjy; murpay; rl;lj;jpUj;jk; ele;j Mz;L
m) 1950 M) 1951 ,)1952 <)1953
29. jw;Nghija kf;fsitapd; nkhj;j cWg;gpdHfspd; vz;zpf;if
,) 565 cWg;gpdHfs; <) 575 cWg;gpdHfs;
30. kdpj cupikfs; jpdk; mDrupf;fg;gLtJ
m) Vg;uy; 10k; Njjp M) #d; 10k; Njjp
,) nrg;lk;gH 10k; Njjp <) brk;gH 10k; Njjp
31. ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp> ,e;jpa murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj;jpd; ve;jg; gpuptpd;
fPo;epjpf;FOit epakpf;fpwhH?
m) gpupT 320 M) gpupT 280 ,) gpupT 356 <) gpupT 325
32. khepyj; njhopy; ePHg;ghak; ahiu cs;slf;fp cs;sJ?
m) cr;rePjpkd;w ePjpgjp
M) cr;rePjpkd;w jiyik ePjpgjp
,) caHePjpkd;w ePjpgjp
<) khtl;l nr~d;]; ePjpgjp
33. gl;bay; II gl;bay; II cld; nghUj;jp> fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s FwpaPLfisf;
nfhz;L rupahd tpiliaj; NjHe;njL.
gl;bay; I gl;bay; II
m) FbauRj; jiytupd; epHthf mjpfhuk; A.Article 56
M) FbauRj; jiytupd; gjtpf;fhyk; B.Article 55
,) FbauRj; jiytupd; NjHjy; C.Article 61
<) FbauRj; jiytH gjtp ePf;fk; D.Article 53
FwpaPLfs;:
m) A-4> B-1> C- 2> D-3 M) A-4> B-2> C- 1> D-2
,) A-4> B-1> C- 2> D-3 <) A-4> B-1> C- 3> D-2
34. gpd;tUtdtw;iw tupirf; fpukkhff; nfhz;L tuTk;.
A) CBI> ESMA> SSC> CAT B) ESMA> CBI> CAT> SSC
C) CAT> SSC> ESMA> CBI D) CBI> CAT> SSC> ESMA
35. jkpofj;jpd; nkhj;j uh[;argh cWg;gpdHfs;
m) 12 M) 14 ,) 16 <)18
tpilfs;:
1),> 2)<> 3),> 4)<> 5),> 6)<> 7)M> 8),> 9),> 10),> 11)M> 12)m> 13)m> 14)m> 15)M>
16),> 17)<> 18)M> 19),> 20)m> 21)M> 22)M> 23)M> 24)M> 25)M> 26)<> 27)M> 28)M>
29)m> 30)<> 31)M> 32),> 33)m> 34)m> 35)<
1. gl;bay; I gl;bay; II cld; nghUj;jp> fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s FwpaPLfisf;

nfhz;L rupahd tpiliaj; NjHe;njL.
gl;bay; I gl;bay; II
m) kj;jpag; gl;bay; 1 Fw;wtpay; rl;lk; kw;Wk; topKiw
M) khepyg; gl;bay; 2 ghJfhg;G
,) nghJg; gl;bay; 3 nghJ xOf;fk; kw;Wk; fhty;
FwpaPLfs;
ABC ABC
m) 1 2 3 M) 2 1 3
,) 2 3 1 <) 3 2 1
2. Gjpa fy;tpf; nfhs;if 10+2+3 Kiwia mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ
m) gpupl;b~; ,e;jpah M) fhq;fpu]; ,) jp.K.f <) m.,.m.jp.K.f
3. jkpo;ehl;by; Fyf;fy;tpj; jpl;lj;ij mwpKfg;gLj;jpatH ahH?
m) ,uh[h[p M) ,uhkrhkp ,) fhkuh[H <) n[ayypjh
4. jkpo;ehl;by; ghuhSkd;wj; jdp njhFjpfs; vt;tsT cs;sd?
m) 4 njhFjpfs; M) 5 njhFjpfs;
,) 6 njhFjpfs; <) ,it vJTkpy;iy
5. gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; vit rupahfg; nghUj;jtpy;iy?
m) rkkhd tha;g;Gfs; -Art:16
M) mikg;G cupik Art :19
,) tho;f;if kw;Wk; Rje;jpu cupik Art:22
<) Ruz;lYf;F vjpuhd cupik Art:24
6. vj;jid Kiw ,e;jpa murpayikg;G rl;lj;jpd; KfTiu jpUj;jg;gl;lJ?
m) xUKiw M) ,UKiw
,) %d;W Kiw <) jpUj;jg;gltpy;iy
7. rl;lkd;w fTd;rpypd; cWg;gpdHfspd; vz;zpf;if vjw;F fPo; Fiwaf;$lhJ?
m) 50 M) 25 ,) 40 <) 30
8. gl;bay; I gl;bay; II cld; nghUj;jp> fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s FwpaPLfisf;
nfhz;L rupahd tpiliaj; NjHe;njL> gl;bay; I gl;bay; II
m) Fbikg;gzp etPdkakhf;fy; nty;ny];yp
M) Fbikg;gzpahsH NjHe;njLj;jy; 2 `l;fprd;
,) Fbirg; gzpahsH gapw;rp 3 fhud;thyp];
<) Fbirg;gzp tifg;gLj;jy; 4 nkf;fhNy FwpaPLfs;
A B C D
m) 2 3 4 1
M) 3 4 1 2
,) 4 3 2 1
<) 1 2 3 4
9. ,e;jpa murpayikg;G rl;lj;jpd; neUf;fb epiy Kiw ngwg;gl;lJ .
m) ,e;jpa murhq;fr;rl;lk; 1935-ypUe;J
M) UPSC ypUe;J
,) USA ypUe;J
<) n[Hkd; nta;kH murpayikg;G rl;lj;jpypUe;J
10. ,e;jpaf; $l;lhl;rp vd;gJ xU
m) xUq;fpize;j $l;lhl;rp M) cz;ikahd $l;lhl;rp
,) gutyhf;fg;gl;l $l;lhl;rp <) Nkw;fz;l vJTkpy;iy
11. Ml;NrHg;Gg; gzpapy; filrp gzp vJ?
m) NjHT M) epakdk; ,) rhd;wspj;jy; <) gzpapykHj;jy;
12. ,e;jpa murpayikg;G rl;lj;jpy; muR topfhl;b newpKiw Nfhl;ghl;il
NrHj;jjd; Nehf;fk;
m) kf;fshl;rp murhq;fj;ij cWjpg;gLj;Jjy;
M) ey muir mikj;jy;
,) eype;Njhupd; tho;f;if juj;ij caHj;Jjy;
<) typikahd khepy murhq;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy;
13. gQ;rhaj;J uh[; mikg;Gfs; epjpf;fhf mjpfk; ehbapUg;gJ.
m) cs;@H tup M) nrhj;J tup ,) murhq;f tup <) rpwg;G tup
14. ve;j Mz;L Kjd; Kjyhf ek;gpf;ifapy;yh jPHkhdk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; nfhz;L
tug;gl;lJ?
m) 1960 M)1963 ,) 1964 <) 1967
15. 18 taJ g+Hj;jpahd midtUf;Fk; murpay; rhrdj;jpd; ve;jg; gpupT thf;Fupik
mspf;fpwJ?
16. mbg;gil cupikfis jpUj;jk; nra;tJ rk;ge;jkhd Nfs;tp cr;rePjpkd;wj;jpy;
te;j tof;F
m) rq;fup gpurhj; ,e;jpa a+dpad; M) r[;[hrpq; uh[];jhd; khepyk;
,) Nfhyf;ehj; gQ;rhg; khepyk; <) ,it midj;Jk;
17. xt;nthU Mz;Lk; Njitg;gLk;; khepyq;fSf;F khd;a cjtp jUtJ
m) [dhjpgjp M) ghuhSkd;wk;
,) Nyhf;rgh mitj; jiytH <) ,jpy; vtUkpy;iy
18. uh[;a rghtpd; mjpfgl;r vz;zpf;if
m) 225 M) 550 ,) 145 <) 250
19. NjHT nra;ag;gl;l Nkaupd; gjtpf;fhyk; vj;jid Mz;Lfs;?
m) xU tUlk; M) ,uz;L tUlq;fs;
,) %d;W tUlq;fs; <) Ie;J tUlq;fs;
20. khepy Kjyikr;rH epakpf;fg;gLtJ
m) ,e;jpa [dhjpgjpahy;
M) khepy MSeuhy;
,) caH ePjpkd;wj; jiyik ePjpgjpahy;
<) khepyr; rl;lkd;wj;jhy;
21. nr~d;]; ePjpkd;wj;jpw;Ff; fPo; ,Ug;gJ
m) Kjy; tFg;G Fw;wtpay; eLtH
M) ,uz;lhk; tFg;G Fw;wtpay; eLtH
,) %d;whk; tFg;G Fw;wtpay; eLtH
<) ,it midj;Jk;
22. murpayikg;Gr;rl;lj;jpy; kj;jpa muR mjpfhug; gl;bay; kw;Wk; kj;jpa khepy
muRfspd; nghJg; gl;bay; nrhy;yg;gl;bUg;gJ.
m) ehd;fhtJ ml;ltidapy; M) Ie;jhtJ ml;ltidapy;
,) MwhtJ ml;ltidapy; <) VohtJ ml;ltidapy;
23. ,e;jpa a+dpadpd; mjpfhu nkhop
m) ghyp vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l ,e;jp
M) rk];fpUj ,yf;fzj;ijf; nfhz;l ,e;jp
,) Njtehfup vOj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l ,e;jp
<) ,it vJkpy;iy
24. gpd;tUk; $w;Wfisf; ftdp.
m) lhf;lH gp.MH.mk;Ngj;fH ,e;jpa murpayikg;G tiuTf; FOtpd; jiytH
M) Ngr;Rupik XH mbg;gil cupikahFk;
,) khepy nraw;FOtpd; ngaustpyhd jiytH MSeH
<) jw;NghJ ,e;jpahtpy; thf;fspg;gjw;fhd Fiwe;jgl;r taJ 21 tUlq;fs;
,tw;Ws;
m) (m) kl;Lk; rup
M) (m) kw;Wk; (M) rupahdit
,) (m) (M) kw;Wk; (,) rupahdit
<) midj;Jk; rupahdit
25. gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; ve;j murpayikg;G tpjp ve;j tbtj;jpy; jPz;lhik ,Ue;jhYk;
murpayikg;G rl;lj;jpw;F vjpuhdJ vdf; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ?
26. gpd;tUk; $w;Wfisf; ftdp
JzpG (A) ,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytH ghuhSkd;wj;jhy; epiw Ntw;wg;gl;l
ve;j kNrhjhitAk; kWguprPyidf;fhf jpUk;g mDg;gyhk;.
fhuzk; (R) gzkNrhjhit kWguprPyidf;fhf ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F jpUg;gp mDg;g
FbauRj; jiytuhy; KbahJ.
,tw;Ws;
m) (A) kw;Wk; (R) ,uz;Lk; rup> NkYk; (R) vd;gJ (A)w;F rupahd tpsf;fk;
M) (A) kw;Wk; (R) ,uz;Lk; rup> Mdhy;> (R) vd;gJ (A)w;F rupahd
tpsf;fky;y.
,) (A) rup> Mdhy;> (R) jtW
<) (A) jtW> Mdhy;> (R) rup
27. gpd;tUtdw;Ws; ve;jr;#o;epiyapy; FbauRj; jiytH gjtp fhypahf cs;sJ
vd;W $w KbahJ?
m) mtH gjtpia uh[pdhkh nra;Ak; NghJ
M) mtuJ gjtpf;fhyk; KbTWk; NghJ
,) mtH ntspehl;L Rw;Wg;gazj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ
<) mtH kuzkilAk; NghJ
28. fPo;tUtdtw;Ws; vJ rupahfg; nghUe;jtpy;iy?
m) khepyr;rl;lg;Nguit cWg;gpdH - 21 taJ
M) kf;fsit cWg;gpdH - 25 taJ
,) khepyq;fsit cWg;gpdH - 30 taJ
<) Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH - 35 taJ.
tpilfs;:
1) ,> 2) <> 3) m> 4) <> 5) ,> 6) m> 7) ,> 8)M> 9) <> 10) m> 11) ,> 12) M> 13)
,> 14)M> 15) M> 16) <> 17) <> 18) M 19) <> 20) M 21) <> 22) <> 23) ,> 24) ,> 25)
M 26) <> 27) ,> 28) m
,e;jpa murpayikg;G - jfty;fs;
* ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; murpayikg;G rigf; $l;lk; jprk;gH- 9> 1946-k; Mz;L

eilngw;wJ.
* jiytuhf rr;rpjhde;j rpd;`h nray;gl;lhH. mtH kiwTf;Fg; gpd;dH lhf;lH
,uhN[e;jpu gpurhj; jiytuhfr; nray;gl;lhH.
* lhf;lH gp.MH. mk;Ngj;fH mtHfs; tiuTf; FOtpd; jiytuhfg;
nghWg;Ngw;wpUe;jhH.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj;ij Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l ehs; etk;gH 26> 1949.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;Gr; rl;lk; eilKiwf;F te;jJ rdtup 26> 1950.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G kpf tpupthf vOjg;gl;l MtzkhFk;.
* gpupl;ld;> maHyhe;J> fdlh kw;Wk; M];jpNuypah Nghd;w ehLfspd;
murpayikg;GfNs ,e;jpa murpayikg;Gf;F %yhjhukhf ,Ue;jd.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G tiuag;gl;lNghJ ,Ue;j ruj;Jfs; kw;Wk; gl;bay;fspd;
vz;zpf;if: 395 ruj;Jfs;> 8 gl;bay;fs;.
* jw;NghJ ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpy; cs;s ruj;Jfs; kw;Wk; gl;bay;fspd;
vz;zpf;if 444 ruj;Jfs;> 12 gl;bay;fs;.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G nefpOk; ,ay;Gk;> nefpoh ,ay;Gk; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G $l;lhl;rp KiwAk; xw;iwahl;rp KiwAk; xd;whff;
nfhz;Ls;s XH murpayikg;ghf tpsq;FfpwJ.
* kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpw;Fk; khepy murhq;fj;jpw;Fk; mjpfhuq;fs; jdpj;jdpNa
tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
* mjpfhuq;fs; kj;jpa gl;bay;> khepy gl;bay;> nghJg; gl;bay; vd;w %d;W
gl;bay;fspy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
* neUf;fb fhyr; rkaq;fspy; mjpfhuq;fis kj;jpa muNr> Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sk;
tifapy; xw;iwahl;rpf; $Wfs; cs;sd.
* ,e;jpah xU kjr;rhHgw;w murhf tpsq;FfpwJ. muR kjj; jiyaPl;bypUe;J
tpLgl;lJ. ve;jf; Fwpg;gpl;l kjj;ijAk; rhuhjJ. Fbkf;fs; midtUf;Fk;
Rje;jpukhd nja;t ek;gpf;if> topghl;Lr; Rje;jpuk; mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpd; %d;whk; gFjpapy; mbg;gil cupikfs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.
(mq;fq;fs; 12 Kjy; 35 tiu).
* mbg;gil cupikfs; rl;lj;jpd; Kd; vy;yh Fbkf;fSf;Fk; rkj;Jtj;ij
toq;Ffpd;wd.
* mbg;gil cupikfs; jdpkdpj eyDf;Fk;> nghJ eyDf;Fk; ,ilNa rk
epiyia Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpd; ehd;fhk; gFjpapy; muRf; nfhs;ifapid newpgLj;Jk;
Nfhl;ghLfs; ,lk; ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd (mq;fq;fs; 36 Kjy; 51 tiu).
* ekJ ehl;by; nghJ ey muR mikg;gjw;Fk; ,itfNs topfhl;b tUfpd;wd.
* ekJ murpayikg;G> Rje;jpukhd ePjpj;Jiwia toq;FfpwJ. ,e;jpa
cr;rePjpkd;wKk;> caHePjpkd;wq;fSk; rl;lq;fis ePjpg; Gduha;T nra;Ak;
mjpfhuk; ngw;Ws;sd.
* xU rl;lk; murpayikg;Gf;F cl;gl;lJ my;yJ Gwk;ghdJ vd;W jPHg;G
toq;fj;jf;f mjpfhuj;jpw;Nf ePjpg; Gduha;T vd;W ngaH.
* murpayikg;gpd; fhtydhf ePjpj;Jiw tpsq;FfpwJ. ,e;jpa Fbkf;fspd;
cupikfisAk; Rje;jpuq;fisAk; ePjpj;Jiw ,jd; %yk; ghJfhf;fpwJ.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G taJ te;NjhH midtUf;Fk; thf;Fupik toq;f
cWjpaspf;fpwJ.
* gjpndl;L taJ epuk;gpa xt;nthU FbkfDk;> rhjp> kjk;> epwk;> ghypdg; ghFghL
,d;wp NjHjypy; thf;fspf;f cupik ngw;Ws;sdH.
,e;jpa murpayikg;GKiw ngwg;gl;l ehLfs; kw;Wk; nfhs;iffs;
* ,q;fpyhe;J:
1. rl;lkpaw;Wk; Kiw 2. rl;lj;jpd; gzp 3. xw;iwf; FbAupik
4. ghuhSkd;w Kiw murhq;fk; 5. Nfgpdl; Kiw murhq;fk;
6. nt];l; kpdp];lH Kiw murhq;fk; 7. rl;lj;jpy; ,Ue;J ghJfhg;G
8. Nky; rigia tpl fPo; rigf;F mjpf mjpfhuk; 9. ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F
nghWg;ghd mikr;rHfs;
* mnkupf;fh:
1. Rje;jpukhd ePjpj;Jiw 2. ePjpg;Gduha;T 3. mbg;gil cupikfs;
4. cr;rePjpkd;wk; kw;Wk; caHePjpkd;wk; 5. ePjpgjpfis ePf;Fk; Kiw
* FbauR Kiw murhq;fk; murpayikg;gpd; Kd;Diu Jiz [dhjpgjpapd;
nghWg;Gfs; murpayikg;igj; jpUj;Jk; Kiwfs; cr;rePjpkd;wj;jpd; mikg;Gk;
,af;fKk; maHyhe;J murpd; topnewpf; Nfhl;ghLfs; [dhjpgjp Kiw NjHT
(NjHjy;) [dhjpgjpahy;> uh[;arigf;F epakpf;fg;gLk; epakd cWg;gpdHfs;
gykhd kj;jpa murhq;fk; vQ;rpa mjpfhuq;fs; kj;jpa murpd; fPo; tUtJ
* n[Hkdp: neUf;fbepiyapd; NghJ mbg;gil cupikfs; ePf;fg;gLtJ
* M];jpNuypah: nghJgl;bay; Kiw
* u~;ah: mbg;gilf; flikfs;
* fdlh: khepyq;fSf;F ,ilNaahd ,ytr tHj;jf Kiw
* njd; Mg;gpupf;fh: ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; %d;wpy; ,uz;L gq;F ngUk;ghd;ikAld; rl;lj;
jpUj;j Kiw murpay; mikg;G rl;lj; jpUj;jq;fs;
* Kjy; murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj;jpUj;jk; 1951-k; Mz;by; nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G $l;lhl;rp Kiw vd;w jj;Jtj;ij mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;lJ.
* murpayikg;G rl;lk; vd;gJ murpayikg;gpy; mlq;fpAs;s tiffisf;
Fwpf;Fk;.
* rl;lkd;wj;jpy; ,aw;wg;gLk; rl;lq;fs; rhjhuz rl;lq;fs; MFk;.
* murpayikg;Gr; rl;lk; rhjhuzr; rl;lj;jpdpd;Wk; NtWgl;lJ. ,e;jpa
murpayikg;G KfTiu
* ,e;jpa [dehafj;jpw;F mbg;gilahd gz;Gfis tpsf;Fk; gFjpahf KfTiu
(Preamble) mikfpwJ.
* mnkupf;f ehl;bd; murpayikg;igg; KfTiu vDk; nfhs;ifia ,e;jpa
murpayikg;G ty;YeHfs; vLj;Jf; nfhz;ldH.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpw;F Kfg;Giu toq;fpa ngUik [t`Hyhy; NeUitr;
rhUk;.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpd; jpwTf;Nfhy;> ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpd; ,jak; vd;W
Nghw;wg;gLtJ KfTiujhd;.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G KfTiu ,Jtiu xNu xU Kiw kl;LNk
jpUj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
* 1976-k; Mz;by; nfhz;L tug;gl;l 42-tJ rl;lj; jpUj;jj;jpd;gb KfTiuapy;
rkjHk (Socialist)> kjr;rhHgw;w (Secular)> xUikg;ghL (Integrity) vDk; %d;W
nrhw;fs; NrHf;fg;gl;ld. ,e;jpa muRk; mjd; vy;iyfSk;
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpy; gFjp-1> ,e;jpa muRk; mjd; vy;iyfSk; gw;wp
tpsf;FfpwJ.
* ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s khepyq;fspd; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if 28 MFk;. kj;jpa Ml;rpg;
gFjpahd a+dpad; gpuNjrq;fspd; vz;zpf;if nkhj;jk; 6 MFk;. xU Njrpa
jiyefH gFjp (jpy;yp)Ak; cs;sd.
* Gjpa khepyq;fis cUthf;Fk; ghuhSkd;w cupikfis tptupg;gJ rl;lg;gpupT- 2
* Gjpa khepyj;ij cUthf;FtJ> gioa khepyq;fisr; RUf;FtJ> vy;iyfis
khw;WtJ ,tw;iw tptupg;gJ rl;lg;gpupT- 3
* Gjpa khepyq;fis cUthf;fj; Njitahd rl;l topKiwfisg; gw;wpg; NgRtJ
rl;lg;gpupT- 4
* ,e;jpahtpy; nkhopthup khepykhf> Kjd;Kjyhf mikf;fg;gl;l khepyk;
Me;jpug;gpuNjrkhFk;. ,J 1953-k; Mz;L cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. mbg;gil cupikfs;
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G> njhlf;fj;jpy; VO mbg;gil cupikfisf; nfhz;bUe;jJ.
* 1978-y; 44-tJ murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj; jpUj;jj;jpd;gb nrhj;JupikahdJ mbg;gil
cupikapypUe;J ePf;fk; nra;ag;gl;ljhy;> jw;NghJ MW mbg;gil cupikfs;
cs;sd.
* 1. rkj;Jt cupik (murpayikg;G gpupT 14-18):
* 2. Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhd cupik (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT 19-22)
* 3. Ruz;lYf;F vjpuhd cupik (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT 23-24):
* 4. rkar; Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhd cupik (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT 25-28):
* 5. gz;ghL kw;Wk; fy;tp cupikfs; (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT 29-30):
* 6. murpayikg;G jPHT topfSf;fhd cupik (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT - 32):
Ie;J tifahd ePjpg; Nguhizfs;:
1. Ml;nfhzH ePjpg;Nguhiz (Writ of Habeas Corpus) : jtwhf xUtH fhtypy;

itf;fg;gl;lhy;> mtUf;F ePjp toq;Fk; ePjpkd;wk; fhtypy; itj;j mjpfhupf;Nfh
my;yJ murhq;fj;jpw;Nfh Miz toq;fp> fhtypy; itf;fg;gl;l tiu
ePjpkd;wj;jpd; Kd; nfhz;Ltur; nra;tjhFk;. fhtypy; itf;fg;gl;lJ rupnad
epahag;gLj;j Ntz;baJ fhty; Jiwapd; flik> ,y;iyNay; mtiu tpLjiy
nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
2. fl;lis ePjpg;Nguhiz (Writ of Mandamus): xU Fwpg;gpl;l nraiy cldbahf
nra;af;Nfhup ePjpkd;wk; Miz gpwg;gpg;gjhFk;. ,t;thiz gpwg;gpf;fg;gl;lJk;
Fwpg;gpl;l mYtyH mr;nraiy cldbahfr; nra;a Ntz;batuhfpwhH.
3. jil ePjpg;Nguhiz (Writ of Prohibition): ePjpkd;wk; XH mjpfhupf;F Miz
gpwg;gpj;J mtuJ vy;iyf;Fl;glhj xU nraiyr; nra;ahjpUf;FkhW Miz
gpwg;gpg;gjhFk;.
4. cupik tpdh ePjpg; Nguhiz (Writ of Quo warranto): ghjpf;fg;gl;l xU egupd;
epahakhd Nfhupf;ifapd; mbg;gilapy;> murhq;fj;jpd; mYtyH xUtiu mtH
ve;j mbg;gilapy; Fwpg;gpl;l gjtpia tfpf;fpwhH vd;gijj; njspTgLj;jf; NfhUk;
ePjpkd;wj;jpd; cj;juthFk;.
5. jilkhw;W ePjpg;Nguhiz (Writ of Certiorary): ePjpkd;wk; jdJ fPo;gl;l xU
mjpfhupf;Nfh my;yJ ePjpkd;wj;Jf;Nfh Miz gpwg;gpj;J> Fwpg;gpl;l ePjpkd;w
nray;KiwfisAk; Mtzq;fisAk; jdf;Nfh my;yJ cupa mjpfhupf;Nfh khw;wr;
nra;J epahakhd guprPyidf;F mDg;gr; nra;tjhFk;.
* lhf;lH mk;Ngj;fH mbg;gil cupikia kdpjdpd; ,UjaKk;> caHrf;jpAk; MFk;
vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpwhH.
* mbg;gil cupikia neUf;fb fhy mwptpg;gpd; %yk; FbauRj; jiytH
jw;fhypfkhf epWj;jp itf;f KbAk;.
* mbg;gilf; flikfs; vd;w gFjp 1976-k; Mz;by;jhd; ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpy;
NrHf;fg;gl;lJ.
* 42-tJ rl;lj;jpUj;jk; %yk; gFjp M (mq;fk; 51 M)ypy; mbg;gilf; flikfs;
NrHf;fg;gl;ld.
* u~;ahtpd; murpayikg;gpypUe;J khepyq;fs; mit (Rajya Sabha) ngwg;gl;ld.
* ,e;jpa ehlhSkd;wk;> ,e;jpa FbauRj; jiytiuAk;> khepyq;fs; mit> kf;fs;
mit vdg;gLk; ,uz;L mitfisAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
* khepyq;fs; mit 250-f;F kpfhj cWg;gpdHfisf; nfhz;lJ. ,jpy; gd;dpUtiu
(12) ,yf;fpak;> mwptpay;> fiy kw;Wk; r%f Nrit ,tw;wpy; rpwe;j mwpTk;
my;yJ mDgtKk; nfhz;ltHfisf; FbauRj; jiytH cWg;gpdHfshf
epakpg;ghH. kPjKs;s 238 cWg;gpdHfs; ntt;NtW khepyq;fspypUe;Jk;> kj;jpa
Ml;rpg; gFjpfspypUe;Jk; NjHe;njLf;fg;gLfpwhHfs;.
* cWg;gpdHfs; me;je;j khepyq;fspd; kf;fs; njhiff;F Vw;g
NjHe;njLf;fg;gLthHfs;.
* khepyq;fs; mitf;fhd NjHjy; kiwKfkhdJ.
* khepyq;fs; rhHghf cWg;gpdHfs; khepyq;fspd; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l rl;lkd;w
Nguit cWg;gpdHfshy; NjHe;njLf;fg;gLthHfs;.
* %d;wpy; xU gq;F cWg;gpdHfs; ,uz;lhz;LfSf;F xU Kiw tpyf fhypahd
,lq;fSf;F kPz;Lk; NjHjy; eilngWk;.
* ,jd; cWg;gpdHfs; MW Mz;L fhyk; gjtp tfpg;ghHfs;.
* ,e;jpaj; Jizf;FbauRj; jiytH jd;Dila gjtpapd; mbg;gilapy; khepyq;fs;
mitapd; jiytuhfg; nghWg;Ngw;ghH.
* xU Jizj;jiytH> khepyq;fsit cWg;gpdHfshy; NjHe;njLf;fg;gLthH.
* Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH ,y;yhj fhyq;fspy; Jizj; jiytH khepyq;fs;
mitf;Fj; jiyik jhq;FthH. kf;fs; mit (Lok Sabha):
* kf;fs; mit 565-f;F kpfhj cWg;gpdHfisf; nfhz;lJ.
* 525 cWg;gpdHfs; khepyq;fspypUe;Jk;> 18 cWg;gpdHfs; a+dpad;
gpuNjrq;fspypUe;Jk; NjHe;njLf;fg;gLthHfs;.
* Mq;fpNyh - ,e;jpa r%fj;jpdUf;F FbauRj; jiytH ,Utiu epakd
cWg;gpdHfshf epakpg;ghH.
* kf;fs; mitapd; gjtpf;fhyk; Ie;J Mz;L fhyk; MFk;.
* neUf;fb epiyik (Emergency) gpufldg;gLj;Jk; fhyq;fspy; kf;fs; mitapd;
fhyj;ij XH Mz;Lf;F Nkw;glhkYk; neUf;fb epiyia KbTf;F nfhz;Lte;j
gpwF MW khjj;jpw;F Nkw;glhkYk; rl;lj;jpdhy; ePl;bf;fyhk;.
* jw;NghJ kf;fsitapy; 545 cWg;gpdHfs; cs;sdH.
* kf;fs; mitapd; jiytH (Speaker) ehlhSkd;w Kjy; $l;lj;jpy; mit
cWg;gpdHfshy; NjHe;njLf;fg;gLthH.
* kf;fs; mit xU Jizj;jiytiuAk; (Deputy Speaker) NjHe;njLf;Fk;.
ehlhSkd;wj;jpd; gzpfs; (Functions of Parliament):
* rl;lk; ,aw;Wjy;> epHthf Nkw;ghHit> tuT - nryT mwpf;if epiwNtw;Wjy;>
nghJ kf;fspd; Fiwfisg; Nghf;Fjy;> Kd;Ndw;wj; jpl;lq;fis cUthf;Fjy;>
gd;dhl;L cwTfisg; guhkupj;jy; Nghd;w gzpfis Mw;wp tUfpwJ.
* rl;lkpaw;w> kNrhjh ehlhSkd;w ,U mitfspd; xg;Gjiyg; ngw Ntz;Lk;.
* epjp kNrhjhitg; nghWj;jtiu kf;fs; mitapd; xg;GjNy KbthdJ.
* epjp kNrhjhf;fs; khepy mitapdhy; 14 ehl;fs; kl;LNk jhkjg;gLj;jyhk;.
* rl;lq;fs; ,aw;Wk; mjpfhuq;fNshL ehlhSkd;wj;jpw;F murpayikg;G jpUj;jk;
nfhz;L tUk; mjpfhuKk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
ehlhSkd;wf; $l;lj; njhlHfs; (Sessions of Parliament) :
* murpayikg;gpd;gb ehlhSkd;wk; xU Mz;by; Fiwe;jJ ,uz;L Kiw $l;lg;gl
Ntz;Lk;.
* ,uz;L $l;lq;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; MW khjq;fSf;F kpfhky; ,ilntsp ,Uf;Fk;
tifapy; FbauRj; jiytH ehlhSkd;wf; $l;lj;ijf; $l;l MizapLthH.
* ehlhSkd;wk; Mz;bw;F %d;W Kiw $l;lg;gLfpwJ. $l;lj; njhlHfs;
gpd;tUkhW:
* 1. tuT - nryT mwpf;if $l;lj; njhlH - nghJthf Mz;LNjhWk; gpg;utup
khjj;jpy; $Lk;.
* 2. gUtf;fhyf; $l;lj;njhlH - nghJthf [_iy khjj;jpy; $Lk;.
* 3. FspHfhyf; $l;lj;njhlH - nghJthf etk;gH khjj;jpy; eilngWk;.
FbauRj; jiytu;
* ,e;jpa ehl;bd; Kjy; Fbkfd; FbauRj; jiytH MthH.
* ,tH ,e;jpa murpd; jiytUk; MthH. ngaustpyhd jiytH (Nominal Chief)>
rl;lg;gbahd jiytH (Legal Chief)> ehl;bd; jiytH> eilKiwj; jiytH>
Kg;gilfspd; jiytH vd;w rpwg;Gg; ngaHfSk; ,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytUf;F
cz;L.
* ,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytupd; gjtpf;fhyk; 5 Mz;Lfs;
* ,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytH NjHTf; FOkk; (Electoral College) %yk;
NjHe;njLf;fg;gLfpwhH.
* kf;fsitapy; cs;s NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l cWg;gpdHfSk;> khepyr; rl;lkd;wq;fspy;
cs;s NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l cWg;gpdHfSk; FbauRj; jiytiuj; NjHe;J
vLg;ghHfs;. xw;iw khw;W thf;F vdg;gLk; ufrpaj; NjHT Kiwapy; FbauRj;
jiytH NjHT nra;ag;gLfpwhH.
* FbauRj; jiytH NjHT VNjDk; gpur;rid Vw;gl;lhy; mJ cr;rePjpkd;wj;jhy;
jPHj;J itf;fg;gLk;
* xUtH FbauRj; jiytH gjtpf;F vj;jid Kiw Ntz;LkhdhYk; Nghl;baplyhk;.
* FbauRj; jiytH jdJ uh[pdhkhit Jizf; FbauRj; jiytuplk; jhd; mspf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
* FbauRj; jiytiu Fw;w tprhuiz Kiw %yk; gjtp ePf;fk; nra;ayhk;.
* FbauRj; jiytH kPjhd Fw;w tprhuizf;fhd Kd;dwptpg;G fhy mtfhrk; 14
ehl;fshFk;.
* FbauRj; jiytiu gjtpePf;fk; nra;af; NfhUk; Fw;wr;rhl;L> ehlhSkd;wj;jpd; ,U
mitfspy; VNjDk; xd;wpy; nfhz;Ltug;gl;L Fw;w tprhuiz epiwNtw %d;wpy;
,uz;L gq;F cWg;gpdHfspd; xg;Gjy; Njitg;gLk;.
FbauRj; jiytupd; mjpfhuq;fs;

1. epHthf mjpfhuq;fs;:
* kj;jpa murpd; epHthf mjpfhuk; ,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytuplk; cs;sJ.
* kj;jpa murpd; midj;J epHthf mjpfhuq;fSf;F FbauRj;jiytupd; ngaupNyNa
nray;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
* gpujkiu epakpf;Fk; mjpfhuk; gilj;jtUk; mtNu> gpujkupd; MNyhridg;gb kw;w
mikr;rHfisf; FbauRj; jiytH epakpf;fpwhH.
* ,e;jpaj; jiyik tof;fwpQH> ,e;jpa jiyik fzf;fha;tH> jiyikj; NjHjy;
MizaH> ,e;jpahtpd; J}JtHfs;> khepy MSeHfs;> cr;rePjpkd;w kw;Wk;
caHePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs;> kj;jpa NjHthizaj;jpd; jiytH> Kg;gilfspd;
jiyikj; jsgjpfs; Nghd;w Kf;fpakhd gjtpfspy; cupa egHfis FbauRj;
jiytH epakpf;fpwhH.
2. rl;lkd;w mjpfhuq;fs;:
* ghuhSkd;wj;ijf; $l;Lk; cupik ngw;wtH FbauRj; jiytH MthH.
* ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; ,U mitfisNah my;yJ VNjDk; xU mitiaNah
xj;jpg;NghlNth my;yJ $l;lq;fis KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L tuNth mjpfhuk; ngw;wtH
FbauRj; jiytH.
* khepyq;fsit 12 cWg;gpdHfis epakdk; nra;aTk;> kf;fsitapy; 2 Mq;fpNyh-
,e;jpa ,dj;jpdiu epakdk; nra;aTk; mjpfhuk; mtUf;F cz;L.
* ghuhSkd;wj;ijf; fiyf;Fk; mjpfhuKk; FbauRj; jiytUf;F cz;L.
* ,tuJ mq;fPfhuk; ,y;yhJ ve;j kNrhjhTk; rl;lkhfhJ.
* ghuhSkd;wk; $lhjNghJ mtrur; rl;lj;ijg; gpwg;gpf;f FbauRj; jiytUf;F
mjpfhuKs;sJ.
3. epjp njhlHghd mjpfhuq;fs;

* epjp> kNrhjhit ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; FbauRj; jiytupd; Kd; mDkjpapd;wp jhf;fy;
nra;a ,ayhJ.
* ,e;jpa murpd; vjpHghuhj nryT (Contingency Fund) epjpf;Fg; nghWg;ghdtH
FbauRj; jiytH.
* ,e;jpahtpd; epjp Mizafj;ij (Finance Commission) mikf;Fk; nghWg;G
,tUf;F cz;L.
4. ePjp njhlHghd mjpfhuq;fs; :

* Fw;wthspfs; vtiuAk; kd;dpf;fNth jz;lidia epWj;jp itf;fNth> Fiwf;fNth
FbauRj; jiytUf;F mjpfhuk; cz;L> kuz jz;lidapy; ,Ue;J kd;dpg;G
toq;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij ngw;wtH FbauRj; jiytH.
* murpayikg;G rl;lq;fs; gw;wpa re;Njfk; FbauRj; jiytUf;F Vw;gl;lhy; mtH
cr;rePjpkd;wj;ij mZfp tpsf;fk; ngw ,aYk;.
5. neUf;fb epiy njhlHghd mjpfhuq;fs;:
* NghH my;yJ may;ehl;L Mf;fpukpg;G my;yJ MAjk; jhq;fpNahupd; Njrpa
neUf;fb epiyia mwptpf;fyhk;.
* khepyq;fspy; murpayikg;G ,aq;FKiw nrayw;Wg; NghFk; NghJ khepy
neUf;fb epiyia mwptpf;fyhk;.
* epjp epiy kpfTk; NkhrkhFk; NghJ FbauRj; jiytH epjp neUf;fb epiyia
mwptpf;fyhk;.
Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH
* Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH Ie;jhz;L fhyk; gjtp tfpg;ghH.
* uh[;arghtpd; jiytH NjHe;njLf;fg;gLtjpy;iy. ,e;jpaj; Jizf; FbauRj;
jiytH jkJ gjtpapd; thapyhfNt uh[;arghtpd; nghWg;ig Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpwhH.
* FbauRj; jiytH ,wf;f Neupl;lhNyh> gjtp fhypahFk; NghNjh> ePf;fg;gl;lhNyh>
mg;gjtp fhypahf ,Uf;Fk; NghNjh mg;gjtpia Vw;gtH Jizf; FbauRj;
jiytH MthH.
* ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; ,uz;L mit cWg;gpdHfisf; nfhz;l thf;fhsH FOkk;
(Electoral College) %ykhf> tpfpjhr;rhu gpujpepjpj;Jt mbg;gilapy;
xw;iw thf;FKiw %ykhf> Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH NjHe;njLf;fg;gLthH.
,jpy; ,ufrpa thf;fspg;G Kiw gpd;gw;wg;gLfpwJ.
* Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH gjtpf;fhf vj;jid Kiw Ntz;LkhdhYk; Nghl;b
,lyhk;. Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH Ie;jhz;L fhyk; gjtp tfpg;ghH. Jizf;
FbauRj; jiytH kPJ Fw;w tprhuiz xd;iw khepyq;fs; mitapy; jhf;fy;
nra;J kf;fsitapYk; mJ epiwNtw;wg;gl;lhy; mtH gjtp ePf;fk; nra;ag;glyhk;.
* Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH jdJ uh[pdhkh fbjj;ijf; FbauRj; jiytuplk; jhd;
nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
* khepyq;fsitapy; Xl;nlLg;gpd; NghJ rkepiy Vw;gLk; NghJ kl;Lk;> xl;Lg; NghLk;
cupik ngw;wtH Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH.
gpujkH
* gpujkH murhq;fj;jpd; nray;ghl;Lj; jiytH> epHthfj; Jiwapd; jiytUkhthH.
* FbauRj; jiytH kf;fs; mitapy; ngUk;ghd;ikahd cWg;gpdH nfhz;l
fl;rpapd; jiytiu mioj;J gpujkuhf epakpj;J mikr;ruitia mikf;FkhW
Nfl;Lf; nfhs;thH.
mikr;ruit
* mikr;rHfs;> kf;fs; mitf;F jdpj;jdpahfTk;> $l;lkhfTk; nghWg;GilatHfs;.
* mikr;rHfs; %d;W tifahf gpupf;fg;gLfpwhHfs;. mit>
1. fhgpndl; mikr;rHfs; 2. khepy mikr;rHfs; 3. Jiz mikr;rHfs;
* fhgpndl; vd;gJ rpwpa FOthapDk; mJ murhq;fj;jpd; mjpfhuk; kpf;f
cWg;ghFk;.
* khepy mikr;rHfspy; rpyH> rpy Jiwfspy; jdpj;Jg; nghWg;G tfpf;fpwhHfs;.
* khepy mikr;rHfSf;F mLj;j epiyapy; cs;stHfs; Jiz mikr;rHfs; vdg;
gLtH.
khepyr; rl;l Nkyit
* khepyr; rl;lkd;wk; Xuit my;yJ <uitiaf; nfhz;bUf;fyhk;. mit rl;lg;
Nguit my;yJ tpjhd; rgh vd;Wk; rl;lNkyit my;yJ tpjhd; gup~j; vd;Wk;
miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.
* xU khepyj;jpd; rl;lkd;w Nkyitia cUthf;f my;yJ ePf;f murpayikg;gpd;
mq;fk; 169-d; fPo; %d;wpy; ,uz;L gq;Fg; ngUk;ghd;ikAld; xU jPHkhdj;ijr;
rk;ge;jg;gl;l khepyr; rl;lg;Nguit epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;. khepyr; rl;lg; Nguit
* rl;lg; Nguit XH cz;ikahd kf;fs; mitahFk;.
* rl;lg; Nguitapd; cWg;gpdHfspd; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if khepyj;jpw;F> khepyk;
kf;fs; njhifiar; rhHe;J NtWgLfpd;wJ.
* rl;lg; Nguitapd; gjtp fhyk; Ie;J Mz;LfshFk;. Mdhy; mJ Kd;$l;bNa
fiyf;fg;glyhk;. ehl;by; neUf;fb epiy epyTk; gl;rj;jpy; mjd; MAl;fhyk;>
ehlhSkd;wr; rl;lj;jpdhy; ePl;bf;fg;glyhk;.
* taJ te;NjhH thf;Fupikapd; mbg;gilapy;> rl;lkd;wj; njhFjpfspypUe;J
kf;fshy; Neupilahfj; NjHe;njLf;fg;gLk; cWg;gpdHfis mJ nfhz;Ls;sJ.
* Mq;fpNyh - ,e;jpaH r%fj;jpdH rl;lg; Nguitapy; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ngwj;jtwpdhy;
Mq;fpNyh ,e;jpaH rl;lg;Nguitapy; cWg;gpduhf epakdk; nra;ag;gLfpd;whH.
* rl;lg;Nguitapd; mjpfgl;r cWg;gpdH vz;zpf;if 500-f;F kpifapd;wpAk; Fiwe;j
gl;r cWg;gpdH vz;zpf;if 60-f;Ff; Fiwtpd;wpAk; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
* ,jpy; rpf;fpk; khepyr; rl;lg;Nguit xU tpjptpyf;fhFk;. mq;F 30 cWg;gpdHfis
kl;LNk ngw;Ws;sJ.
* rl;lg; Nguitapd; XH cWg;gpduhf ,Uf;f Fiwe;jJ 25 tajile;jtuhapUj;jy;
Ntz;Lk;.
* rl;lg; Nguitapd; mDkjpapd;wp mjd; $l;lq;fspy; mWgJ ehl;fSf;Fg;
gq;Nfw;fhj XH cWg;gpdupd; gjtpiag; Nguit gwpf;fyhk;.
rghehafH
* rl;lg; Nguit jdJ cWg;gpdHfSs; ,Utiu KiwNa rghehafuhfTk;> Jizr;
rghehafuhfTk; NjHe;njLf;fpd;wJ.
* khepyr; rl;lg;Nguitr; rghehafupd; flikfs;> mjpfhuq;fs;> rYiffs; ahTk;
kf;fsitr; rghehafH ngw;Ws;sitfSf;Fg; ngUthupahf xj;Js;sd.
MSeH
* MSeuhf epakdk; nra;ag;gLtjw;F Kd;dH khepy Kjyikr;rH
fye;jhNyhrpf;fg;gLfpd;whH.
* khepy MSeupd; gjtpf;fhyk; nghJthf Ie;J Mz;LfshFk;. Mdhy; mtH
FbauRj; jiytH kdepiwitg; ngw;Ws;s fhyk; tiu gjtp tfpf;fpd;whH.
* MSeUf;Fupa jFjpfs;> gjtpf;fhyk;> jdpr; rYiffs; kw;Wk; gytw;iw
murpayikg;G tptupf;fpd;wJ.
* khepy murhq;fj;jpd; nrayhl;rp mjpfhuq;fs; midj;Jk; MSeuplk;
xg;gilf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
* Kjyikr;riu MSeH gjtpapy; mkHj;Jfpd;whH. Kjyikr;rupd; mwpTiuapd;gb
Vida mikr;rHfs; mtuhy; epakdk; nra;ag;gLfpd;wdH.
* khepy muRg; gzpahsH NjHthizaj; jiytH kw;Wk; cWg;gpdHfs;> khtl;l
ePjpgjpfs;> jiyik tof;FiuQH MfpNahiuAk; MSeNu epakdk; nra;fpd;whH.
* MSeupd; fye;jhNyhrpg;Gld; khepy caHePjpkd;wj;jpd; ePjpgjpfs; epakdk;
nra;ag;gLfpd;wdH.
* rl;l Nkyit cWg;gpdHfSs; Mwpy; xU gq;fpdiuAk; rl;lg; Nguitapy;
Mq;fpNyh ,e;jpar; rKjhaj;ijr; rhHe;j xd;W my;yJ ,uz;L cWg;gpdHfisAk;
MSeH epakpf;fpwhH.
* khepyj;jpy; cs;s gy;fiyf;fofq;fspd; JizNte;jHfisAk; mtH epakdk;
nra;fpd;whH.
* rl;lkd;wj;jhy; ,aw;wg;gLk; xU rl;lk; ngw;Ws;s mNj rf;jpia MSeuhy;
gpwg;gpf;fg;gLk; mtrur; rl;lKk; ngw;Ws;sJ.
* xU egupd; jz;lidiaf; Fiwf;fTk; my;yJ mij epiwNtw;Wtij epWj;jp
itf;fTk; my;yJ Fw;w kd;dpg;Gfs; toq;fTk; MSeUf;F mjpfhuk;
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. vdpDk;> kuz jz;lidia kd;dpf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij mtH
ngw;wpUf;ftpy;iy.
Kjyikr;rH
* mikr;ruitapd; jiytH Kjyikr;ruhthH.
* khepyj;jpd; ngaustpyhd xU jiytuhf MSeH cs;shH. cz;ik nrayhf;f
mjpfhuq;fs; ahTk; Kjyikr;rupd; jiyikapyhd XH mikr;rH FOtpdhy;
nray;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
* murpayikg;gpd; 164-k; mq;fj;jpd; fPo; Kjyikr;riuAk; Kjyikr;rupd; gupe;Jiu
kPJ midj;J mikr;rHfisAk; MSeH epakdk; nra;fpd;whH.
* Kjyikr;rupd; jiyaha gzp jdJ mikr;ruitia mikg;gjhFk;.
* Kjyikr;rupd; ek;gpf;ifia XH mikr;rH ,og;ghuhapd;> mtH gjtp tpyf
Ntz;Lk;.
* mikr;rfj;jpypUe;J MSeUf;Fr; nry;Yk; xt;nthU jftYk; Kjyikr;rupd;
thapyhfNt nry;y Ntz;Lk;.
* Kjyikr;rH fl;rpj; nfhwlhf;fisAk; epakdk; nra;fpd;whH.
mikr;rHFO
* rl;lkd;w cWg;gpduy;yhj xUtUk; mikr;ruhf epakpf;fg;glyhk;. Mdhy; mtH
MWkhj fhyj;jpw;Fs; rl;lkd;w cWg;gpduhfj; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
cr;rePjpkd;wk;
* ,e;jpa cr;rePjpkd;wk; xU jiyik ePjpgjpiaAk; kw;Wk; ,Ugj;ije;J
ePjpgjpfisAk; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
* jiyik ePjpgjpAk; kw;w ePjpgjpfSk; FbauRj; jiytuhy; epakpf;fg;gLthHfs;.
* cr;rePjpkd;wj;jpd; ePjpgjpfs; mWgj;ije;J taJ epiwTngWk; tiu gjtp
tfpg;ghHfs;.
* cr;rePjpkd;wj;jpd; mjpfhu tuk;G (Jurisdiction of supreme court) mbg;gil
cupikfs; nrayhf;FtJ njhlHghd tof;Ffs; cr;r ePjpkd;wj;jpd; KjNyw;G
mjpfhu tuk;Gf;F cl;gl;lJ. cr;rePjpkd;wk; ,e;j cupikfs; njhlHghf
gzpg;Giufs; Mizfs; my;yJ ePjpg;Nguhizfs; gpwg;gpf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ijf;
nfhz;Ls;sJ.
cs;shl;rp my;yJ gQ;rhaj;Juh[;ak;
* gQ;rhaj;J ,uh[;ak; 1959-k; Mz;L mf;NlhgH jpq;fs; 2-k; ehsd;W gz;bj
[t`Hyhy; NeUtpdhy; Kjd; Kjyhf uh[];jhd; kw;Wk; Me;jpug; gpuNjr
khepyq;fspy; Jtf;fg;gl;lJ.
* murpayikg;gpd; 73-tJ kw;Wk; 74-tJ jpUj;jq;fs; 1992-k; Mz;L jprk;gH jpq;fspy;
,aw;wg;gl;ld.
* 1993-k; Mz;L Vg;uy; jpq;fs; 73-tJ jpUj;jj;jpd;fo P ; 11-tJ ,izg;Gg; gl;bay; 29
tif mjpfhuq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. mtw;wpd;kPJ KOikahd mjpfhuj;ijg;
gQ;rhaj;Jf;fs; ngw;Ws;sd.
* 12-tJ ,izg;Gg; gl;bay; 18 tif mjpfhuq;fis efHg;Gw cs;shl;rp
mikg;Gfisf; nfhz;Ls;sd.
* xt;nthU fpuhkj;jpYk; xU fpuhk rigf;Fk; kw;Wk; fpuhkk; ,ilg;gl;l kw;Wk;
khtl;l epiyfspy; gQ;rhaj;Jf;fs; mikag;ngwTk; 73-tJ jpUj;jk; tif
nra;fpd;wJ.
mtru epiyfs;
* ,e;jpa murpay; rhrdj;jpy; $wg;gl;Ls;s neUf;fb epiyfs; - %d;W 1. Njrpa
neUf;fb epiy 2. khepyj;jpy; [dhjpgjp Ml;rp 3. epjp neUf;fb epiy
* Njrpa neUf;fbia (National Emergency) tptupf;Fk; ~uj;J - 352
* Njrpa neUf;fb epiyia mwptpg;gtH - [dhjpgjp
* Njrpa neUf;fb epiyia mwptpg;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fs; 1. NghH 2. NghH %yk;
mghak; 3. ntspehl;ltH Mf;fpukpg;G 4. ntspehl;ltH Mf;fpukpg;gpw;fhd mghak;
5. cs;ehl;Lf; fytuk;
* Njrpa neUf;fbapd; fhy msT 6 khjq;fs; kl;Lk;.
* 6 khjj;jpw;Fg; gpwF> NkYk; 6 khjj;jpw;F ePl;bf;f mjpfhuk; ngw;wtH [dhjpgjp
* [dhjpgjp Ml;rpia Fwpf;Fk; ~uj;J - 356
* Kjd;Kjypy; [dhjpgjp Ml;rp mkyhd tUlk; 1951
* Kjd;Kjypy; [dhjpgjp Ml;rp mky;gLj;jg;gl;l khepyk; gQ;rhg;
* ,e;jpahtpy; ,Jtiu [dhjpgjp Ml;rp 102 Kiw gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
* ,e;jpahtpy; mjpf Kiw [dhjpgjp Ml;rp mky;gLj;jg;gl;l khepyk; gQ;rhg;
* ,e;jpahtpy; mjpfKiw [dhjpgjp Ml;rpia mky;gLj;jpatH ,e;jpuhfhe;jp
* epjp neUf;fb epiyiag; gw;wpf; $Wk; ~uj;J - 360
* epjp neUf;fb epiy gad;gLj;jg;gLk;NghJ ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; mDkjp ngwNtz;ba
fhy msT 6 khjq;fs;
* epjp neUf;fb epiyf;F MWkhjj;jpw;F xUKiw ghuhSkd;w mDkjp
Njitapy;iy.
* epjp neUf;fb epiy ,e;jpahtpy; xUKiw $l gad;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy.
* 1. khepy muRg; gzpahsHfspd; (caHePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs; cl;gl) rk;gsk;
Fiwf;fg;gLk;.
* 2. kj;jpa murpd; gzpahsHfspd; (cr;rePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs; cl;gl) rk;gsk;
Fiwf;fg;gLk;.
* neUf;fb epiyapd;NghJ ghjpf;fg;glhj mbg;gil cupik 21 epjp Mizafk;
* epjp Mizafj;ij epHkhzpg;gtH - [dhjpgjp
* epjp Mizaj;jpd; gjtpf;fhyk; - 5 Mz;Lfs;
* epjp Mizafj;jpd; nkhj;j cWg;gpdHfs; - 5 NgH
* epjp Mizafj;jpd; jiytH - Itupy; xUtH jiytuhf epakpf;fg;gLtH
* epjp Mizafk; vd;gJ - ,e;jpa murpay; mikg;gpd;gb mikf;fg;gl;lJ.
* Kjy; epjp Mizafk; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l Mz;L - 1951
* Kjy; epjp Mizafj;jpd; jiytH - Nf.rp. epNfha;
* gj;jhtJ epjp Mizafj;jpd; jiytH - Nf.rp. ge;j;
* gjpNdhuhtJ epjp Mizafj;jpd; jiytH NguhrpupaH - V.vk;. F];Nuh
* epjpf;FOtpd; Kf;fpag; gzpfs;: kj;jpa - khepy muRfSf;fpilNa tup
Mjhuq;fisg; gpupj;Jf; nfhLg;gJ kj;jpa murpdhy; khepy muRfSf;F
nfhLf;fg;gLk; epjp cjtpia ngWtjw;fhd tpjpKiwfis tFg;gJ NjHjy;
Mizak;
* NjHjy; Mizafk; vd;gJ xU epue;ju mikg;G.
* NjHjy; Mizafk; mikf;ff; fhuzkhd murpay; rhrdk; 324
* NjHjy; Mizafk; vd;gJ %d;W egH fkp~d; MFk;.
* NjHjy; Mizafj;jpd; %d;W MizaHfSf;Fk; toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fs; rkk;.
* NjHjy; Mizak; murpay; rhrdj;jpd;gb ghJfhf;fg;gLk; ~uj;J 324 (5)
* NjHjy; MizaHfspd; gjtpf;fhyk; 6 Mz;Lfs; my;yJ 65 taJ tiu
* NjHjy; Mizafj;jpd; MizaHfis epakpg;gtH [dhjpgjp.
* [dhjpgjp> cg[dhjpgjp> Nyhf;rgh> uh[;argh NjHjy;fis elj;Jk; nghWg;ig
ngw;wJ NjHjy; Mizafk;.
* NjHjypd; NghJ thf;FrPl;Lfisg; ghJfhg;gJ kw;Wk; rPuikf;Fk; gzpiar; nra;tJ
NjHjy; Mizafk;
* Gjpa fl;rpfisg; gjpT nra;tJ kw;Wk; NjHjy; fl;rpfis mq;fPfupg;gJ - NjHjy;
Mizafk;.
* KbTfs; mwptpf;fg;gLtjw;F Kd;dH fl;rpfSf;F ,ilNa Vw;gLk; jfuhWfisj;
jPHf;Fk; nghWg;igg; ngw;wJ - NjHjy; Mizafk;.
* fl;rpapy; gpsT Njhd;wpdhy; jha; fl;rpiaAk; GJf; fl;rpiaAk; jPHkhdpg;gJ
NjHjy; Mizafk; MFk;.
jpl;lf;FO
* jpl;lf;FOtpd; jiytH - gpujkH
* jpl;lf;FOtpd; cWg;gpdHfs; - khepy Kjyikr;rHfs;
* jpl;lf;FO vd;gJ - xU MNyhridf; FO
* jw;Nghija jpl;lf; FOtpd; jiytH - gpujkH kd;Nkhfd; rpq;
* jw;Nghija jpl;lf; FOtpd; Jizj;jiytH khz;Nlf; rpq; mYthypah
* Ie;jhz;L jpl;lq;fspd; kPjhd MNyhridiaj; jUk; mikg;G - jpl;lf;FO Njrpa
tsHr;rpf;FO
* Njrpa tsHr;rpf; FOtpd; jiytH - gpujkH
* Ie;jhz;Lj; jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl Kbthd mq;ff P huk; juNtz;ba
mikg;G - Njrpa tsHr;rpf;FO MFk;.
,izg;Gg; gl;bay;fs;
* jw;NghJ ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpy; cs;s gl;bay;fspd;; vz;zpf;if 12 MFk;.
* murpayikg;G cUthf;fg;gl;l NghJ ,Ue;j gl;bay;fspd; vz;zpf;if 8 jhd;.
* 1951> 1985> 1992> 1992 Mfpa Mz;Lfspy; ehd;F gl;bay;fs; murpayikg;Gr;
rl;lj;jpUj;jq;fs; %yk; gpd;dH ,izj;Jf; nfhs;sg;gl;ld.
gl;bay; - 1
,e;jpa a+dpadpd; mlq;fpAs;s khepyq;fisAk;> kj;jpa Ml;rpg;gFjpfisAk; gw;wp
tptupg;gJ Kjy; gl;bayhFk;. jw;rkak; 28 khepyq;fSk;> 6 kj;jpa Ml;rpg;
gFjpfSk; (a+dpad; gpuNjrq;fs;) xU Njrpa jiyefH gFjpAk; ,e;jpahtpy;
cs;sd.
;bay; - 2
,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytH> Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH> kf;fsit kw;Wk;
khepyq;fsit rghehafHfs;> cr;rePjpkd;w> caHePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs;> khepy
MSeHfs;> jiyikf; fzf;fha;tH> rl;lkd;wj; jiytH MfpNahuJ rk;gsk; kw;Wk;
gpw trjpfs; Mfpait tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,J Ie;J gpupTfisf; nfhz;lJ.
gl;bay; - 3
gjtpg;gpukhzk; kw;Wk; cWjp nkhopfs; gw;wp tpsf;FtJ %d;whtJ gl;bayhFk;.
kj;jpa khepy mikr;rHfs;> ehlhSkd;w> rl;lkd;w cWg;gpdHfs;> cr;rePjpkd;w>
caHePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs;> jiyikf; fzf;fha;thsH MfpNahuJ gjtpg;gpukhzk;>
,ufrpaf; fhg;Gf; gpukhzk; kw;Wk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba cWjpnkhopfs;
,g;gl;baypy; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
gl;bay; - 4
khepyq;fsitapy; cWg;gpdHfs; xJf;fPL njhlHghdJ ehd;fhtJ gl;bay;.
khepyq;fSf;Fk; a+dpad; gpuNjrq;fSf;Fk; khepyq;fsitapy; (uh[;argh) cWg;gpdH
fisg; gpupj;jspg;gJ gw;wpa tpsf;fk; jug;gLfpwJ
gl;bay; - 5
jho;j;jg;gl;NlhH (SC) kw;Wk; goq;Fb kf;fs; (ST) thOk; gFjpfspd; fl;Lg;ghLk;
epHthfKk; gw;wp tpsf;FfpwJ. ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; vspjhd nk[hupl;b %yk;
,g;gl;bay;fisj; jpUj;j ,aYk; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj; jFe;jJ.
gl;bay; - 6
mrhk;> Nkfhyah> kpNrhuk; khepyq;fspy; goq;Fb kf;fs; trpf;Fk; gFjpfspd;
epHthfk; gw;wp MwhtJ gl;bay; tptupf;fpwJ. ,g;gl;baYk; vspikahd nk[hupl;b
%yk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; jpUj;jg;glyhk;.
gl;bay; - 7
kj;jpa - khepy muRfspd; mjpfhuk; nray;ghLfs; gw;wp VohtJ gl;bay;
tpsf;FfpwJ. ,jpy; %d;W gl;bay;fs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.
(m) kj;jpag; gl;bay; ,J kj;jpa muRf;F cs;s mjpfhuq;fs; gw;wpaJ. kj;jpag;
gl;baypy; nkhj;jk; 97 Jiwfs; cs;sd. ,tw;wpy; rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; mjpfhuk;
nfhz;lJ kj;jpa muR> ghJfhg;G> mZrf;jp> Njrpa neLQ;rhiyfs;> tpkhd> fg;gy;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jf;fs;> fhg;gPlL
; f; fofq;fs;> kf;fs;njhif> ejpfs;> njhiyNgrp> gz
mr;rbg;G ,J Nghd;w Kf;fpakhd 97 Jiwfs; kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhuj;jpy; cs;sd.
(M) khepyg;gl;bay; ,J khepy muRf;F cs;s mjpfhuq;fs; gw;wpaJ. Muk;gj;jpy;
khepyg; gl;baypy; ,Ue;j Jiwfs; 66. ,tw;wpy; fy;tpAk;> tpisahl;Lk;
nghJg;gl;baYf;Ff; nfhz;L nry;yg;gl;likahy;> jw;NghJ 64 Jiwfs; kl;LNk
khepy murpd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fs; tUfpd;wd. tptrha tUkhdtup> efuhl;rp.
rpiwr;rhiyfs;> Rq;ff; fl;lzq;fs;> Nfspf;if tup Nghd;w 64 Jiwfs;
khepyg;gl;baypy; cs;sd. ,j;Jiwfspy; rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; cupik ngw;wit khepy
muRfs;.
(,) nghJg;gl;bay; ,J kj;jpa muRf;Fk;> khepy muRfSf;Fk; cs;s nghJthd
mjpfhuq;fisg; gw;wpg; NgRfpwJ. nghJg; gl;baypd; njhlf;fj;jpy; 47 Jiwfs;
,Ue;jd. fy;tpAk; tpisahl;Lk; jw;NghJ nghJg; gl;baYf;Ff; nfhz;L tug;gl;ljhy;
jw;NghJ nghJg;gl;baypy; cs;s Jiwfs; nkhj;jk; 49. fhLfs;> kpd;rhuk;>
njhopw;rhiyfs;> czTg; nghUl;fs;> jpUkzk;> fy;tp> tpisahl;L cl;gl 49
Jiwfs;kPJ rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; mjpfhuk; ngw;wit kj;jpa muRk;> khepy muRfSk;
MFk;.
gl;bay; - 8
murpayikg;ghy; mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l 22 nkhopfisg; gw;wp tptupg;gJ vl;lhtJ gl;bay;
MFk;. mrhk;> ngq;fhsp> F[uhj;jp> ,e;jp> fd;dlk;> fh~;kPup> nfhq;fzp> kiyahsk;>
kzpg;Gup> kuhj;jp> Neghsp> xupah> gQ;rhgp> rk];fpUjk;> rpe;jp> jkpo;> njYq;F> cUJ>
ikjpyp> NghNlh> rhe;jyp> Nlhf;up vd;gd vl;lhtJ gl;bay; Fwpg;gpLk; nkhopfshFk;.
2003-Mk; Mz;L ikjpyp> NghNlh> rhe;jyp> Nlhf;up Mfpa ehd;F nkhopfs;
,g;gl;baypy; NrHf;fg;gl;ld.
gl;bay; -
ePjpkd;wq;fspd; kWguprPyidf;F mg;ghw;gl;l rl;lq;fisg; gw;wp tptupg;gJ xd;gjhtJ
gl;bayhFk;. murpay; rl;lj;jpUj;jk; -1 ,d; %yk; 1951-k; Mz;L ,g;gl;bay;
,izf;fg;gl;lJ. epyf;Fj;jif> epytup> uapy;Nt> njhopw;rhiyfs; ,J Nghd;wtw;wpd;
rl;lq;fSk; MizfSk; ,jpy; cs;sd. 9-tJ gl;baypy; NrHf;fg;gl;l Kjy; rl;lk;
[kPdj; hup xopg;Gr; rl;lkhFk;. jkpo;ehl;by; 69% gpw;gLj;jg;gl;NlhUf;F ,lxJf;fPL
toq;fg;gLk; kNrhjh 1993-y; 85-tJ rl;lj;jpUj;jj;jhy; epiwNtw;wg;gl;L ,g;gl;baypy;
itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
gl;bay; -
fl;rpj; jhty; jilr; rl;lk; gw;wp tptupg;gJ gj;jhtJ gl;bayhFk;. 1985-k; Mz;L
52-tJ rl;lj; jpUj;jj;jpd; %ykhf ,g;gl;bay; murpayikg;gpy; ,izf;fg;gl;lJ.
,r;rl;lg;gb ghuhSkd;w> rl;lkd;w cWg;gpdH jha;ff ; l;rpia tpl;L tpyfp Gjpa
fl;rpapy; NrHe;jhNyh> Gjpa fl;rpia cUthf;fpdhNyh mtuJ cWg;gpdH gjtpia
,of;f NeupLk;. %d;wpy; xU gq;F fl;rpapdH jha;fl;rpia tpl;L tpyfpdhy; mr;rkak;
gjtp gwpNghfhJ. mJ fl;rpg;gpsT vdf; fUjg;gLk;.
gl;bay; -
gQ;rhaj;J kw;Wk; Cuhl;rp epWtdq;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s Ra Ml;rp mjpfhuk;
gw;wp gjpNdhuhtJ gl;bay; tpsf;FfpwJ. 1992-k; Mz;L> 73-tJ rl;lj;
jpUj;jj;jpd;gb> 29 Jiwfspy; gQ;rhaj;J mikg;GfSf;F mjpfhuk;
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
gl;bay; -
,J efHghypfh kw;Wk; efug;gQ;rhaj;JfSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s Ra mjpfhuk;
njhlHghdJ gdpnuz;lhtJ gl;bayhFk;. 1992-y; 74 rl;lj;jpUj;jj;jpd;gb> ,J
murpayikg;gpy; NrHf;fg;gl;lJ. efug; gQ;rhaj;Jf;fs; 18 Jiwfspy; ngw;Ws;s
mjpfhuq;fs; gw;wp ,g;gl;baypy; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. vjpHj;J tof;F NghLtijAk;
,J jil nra;jJ. ,e;jpa nkhopfs;
* ,e;jpahtpy; 1652-f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l nkhopfs; Ngr;R tof;fpy; cs;sd.

* xU yl;rj;jpw;Fk; Nkyhd kf;fs; 33 nkhopfis NgRfpd;wdH.
* jkpo;> njYq;F> kiyahsk;> fd;dlk; Nghd;w nkhopfs; njd;dpe;jpahtpy; Ngrg;gLk;
Kf;fpa nkhopfs; MFk;.
* ,e;jp> kuhj;jp> F[uhj;jp> gQ;rhgp Nghd;w nkhopfs; tl ,e;jpahtpy; Ngrg;gLk;
Kf;fpa nkhopfs; MFk;.
* ,e;jpahtpy; nghJthd ,izg;G nkhopahf Mq;fpy nkhop gad;gLj;jg;gl;L
tUfpwJ.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;ghy; mjpfhug;g+Htkhf mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l nkhopfspd;
vz;zpf;if 22 MFk;.
nghUshjhuk;
1) tpw;gid Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLtjw;fhf xd;W my;yJ xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l

thbf;ifahsHfsplk; tha;r;nrhy; %ykhf jfty;fis toq;FtJ
m) Ms;rhh; tpw;gid M) tpsk;guk;
,) tpw;gid ngUf;fk; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
2) Ms;rhh; tpw;gid ------ top jfty; njhlHghfapUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
m) xU M) ,U ,) %d;W <) ehd;F
3) gbg;G> cw;W Nehf;fy; kw;Wk; mDgtk; ngwg;gLk; jpwikia -------- vd;W
miof;fpNwhk;.
m) fiy M) mwptpay;
,) rpwg;G njhopy; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
4) Fwpg;gpl;l jj;Jtq;fs; kw;Wk; cz;ikfspd; mbg;gilapy; miktJ ------ vd;W
miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) xU fiy M) xU mwptpay;
,) xU rpwg;G njhopy; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
5) ------ %yk; jd;Dila tho;f;iff;Fj; Njitahditfs; <l;lg;gLfpd;wd.
m) fiy M) mwptpay;
,) rpwg;G njhopy; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
6) tpw;gidj; jpwd; ------ gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
7) ------ tpw;gid jpwd; vd;gJ Gjpa re;ijf;Fj; Njitia cUthf;FtjhFk;.
m) gilg;G M) Nghl;bapLk;
,) fTz;lH <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
8) ------- tpw;gid jpwd; vd;gJ jw;NghJs;s tpw;gidia mjpfhpg;gjhFk;.
m) gilg;G M) Nghl;bapLk;
,) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y <) fTz;lh;
9) tpw;gid jpwd; Ms;rhh; my;yJ Ms;rhuhjjhfapUf;fyhk;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
10) tha;r;nrhy; tpsk;guk; vd;W miof;fg;gLtJ.
m) NeHKf tpw;gid M) tpsk;guk;
11) mr;rplg;gl;l tpw;gid jpwd; vd;W miof;fg;gLtJ.
,) tpw;gid ngUf;fk; <) nra;jpg;guty;
12) EfHNthUf;F nghUl;fisg;gw;wpa jfty; kw;Wk; njhopy; El;g cjtp nra;J
nfhLg;gJ jhd; NeHKf tpw;gid vd;W fUjg;gLfpwJ. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
13) cundiff and still fUj;Jg;gb NeHKf tpw;gidapd; Nehf;fq;fs; ------
gphpTfshf tifg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
14) mikg;G mbg;gilapy; tpw;gidg; gzpahsh;fs; ----- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
15) cw;gj;jpahsHfspd; tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfs; ------ gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
16) cw;gj;jpahshplkpUe;J nghUl;fs; nfhs;Kjy; nra;ag;gl;L rpy;yiw
tpw;gidahsUf;F tpw;gid nra;tJ ------- tpw;gidg; gzpahsh;fspd; gzpahFk;.
m) Kd;Ndhb M) ,ilj;jufh; Nrit
,) gazk; nra;Ak; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
17) mj;jpahtrpa nghUl;fshf czT> cil Nghd;w nghUl;fspd; tpw;gidapy;
ftdk; nrYj;Jk; tpw;gidahsHfs; ----- tpw;gidahsHfs; vd;W
miof;fg;gLfpwhh;fs;.
m) rpwg;G M) epiyahd
,) Kd;Ndhb <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
18) Nritapd; mbg;gilapy; tpw;gidg;gzpahsHfs; ----- gphpTfshfg;
gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 3 M) 4 ,) 5 <) 6
19) njhopw;rhiyg; nghUl;fshd nghwp> ,ae;jpuq;fs; Nghd;wtw;iw tpw;gid nra;Ak;
tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfs; ----- tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfshFk;.
m) Nrit M) njhopw;rhiy
,) Vw;WkjpahsHfspd; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
20) tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfspd; Njhw;wj; jd;ik
m) ey;y Njhw;wk; M) $l;LwT
,) cw;W Nehf;fy; <) njhopw;rhiy
21) ------ jpUk;g jpUk;g epfohj jd;ik nfhz;lJ.
22) jdpeghpd; tpUg;gj;jpw;F Vw;g nghUl;fs; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; NghJ ------ Af;jp
gpd;gw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
m) tpsk;guk; M) tpw;gid ngUf;fk;
,) NeHKf tpw;gid <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
23) tpw;gidapd; KbT vd;gJ.
m) tpw;gid Kbe;J tpl;lJ
M) nghUl;fs; thq;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w vz;zk; nfhz;lthplk; nghUl;fSf;Fhpa
,irT ngWtjhFk;
,) EfHNthh; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
24) tpsk;guk; vd;w nrhy; ----- nkhopapypUe;J cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
m) ,yj;jPd; M) mnkhpf;fd; ,) fpNuf;f <) ,q;fpyhe;J
25) Advertising vd;w nrhy; ------ nrhy;ypUe;J cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
m) Advertero M) Advarto ,) Adverta <) None of these
26) Advertero vd;why; ehd; jpUg;GfpNwd; vd;W nghUs;gLfpwJ. ,f;$w;W
cz;ikah?
m) cz;ik M) jtW
27) tpsk;guk; vd;gJ Ms;rhuh NgusT thzpg jfty; njhlHG MFk;. ,f;$w;W
rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
28) tpsk;guk; ruf;Ffspd; mlf;f tpiyia mjpfhpf;fpwJ. ,f;$w;W rhpjhdh?
m) rhp M) jtW
29) tpsk;guk;
m) cw;gj;jpaw;wJ M) cw;gj;jpAs;sJ
,) m kw;Wk; M <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
30) ngha;ahd jfty;fis tpsk;gug;gLj;JtJ ------ vjpuhd fUj;jhFk;.
m) rKjhaj;jpw;F M) xOf;fj;jpw;F
,) nghUshjhuj;jpw;F <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
31) tpsk;guk; cw;gj;jpaw;wJ vd;gJ ----- vjpuhd fUj;jhFk;.
,) nghUshjhuj;jpw;F <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
32) Njitapd; mbg;gilapy; tpsk;guk; ------ gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
33) xU Fwpg;gpl;l tif nghUSf;Fj; Njitia cUthf;Ftjw;fhf Ntz;LNfhs;
tpLf;Fk; tpsk;guk; ------ tpsk;gukhFk;.
m) Kjd;ik Njit M) NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l Njit
,) epWtd <) $l;LwT
34) Kd;Ndhb tpsk;guk; ------ tpsk;guk; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) Kjd;ik Njit M) nghUs;
,) NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l Njit <) Njrpa
35) ------ nefpo;r;rpaw;wJ.
36) NubNah tpsk;guk; mftpsk;guq;fspy; xU gphpthff; fUjg;gLfpwJ. ,f;$w;W
rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
37) Neub tpsk;guj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;L
m) thd;ntsp tpsk;guk; M) Rw;wwpf;if fbjq;fs; ,) fhl;rpafk; <) thndhyp
38) Gw tpsk;guj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;L
m) tHzkplg;gl;l fhl;rp M) Rw;wwpf;if fbjk;
,) nra;jpjhs; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
39) ngUf;f tpsk;guj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;L
m) kpd;rhjd fhl;rpafk; M) tpw;gid fbjq;fs;
,) [d;dy;fhl;rp <) njhiyf;fhl;rp
40) njhiyf;fhl;rp ikak; jpy;ypapy; Kjyhtjhf epWtg;gl;l Mz;L
m) 1942 M) 1952 ,) 1962 <) 1972
41) nra;jpg;guty; tpsk;gujhuhy; nrYj;jg;gLtjpy;iy. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
42) AMA vd;gjd; tphpthf;fk; American Marketing Association ,J rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
43) ld;yg; ,e;jpah vd;w tpsk;guk; ------ tpsk;guj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
m) nghUs; M) epWtd ,) njhopy; <) gz;iz
44) AAAA vd;gjd; tphpthf;fk; American Association of Advertising Ageucies
,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
45) tpw;gid ngUf;f eltbf;iffs; ----- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
46) khjphp nfhLj;jy; ------- ngUf;fj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
m) EfHNthh; M) tpw;gidg; gzpahsH
,) tpahghu <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
47) nghUs; js;Sgb toq;Fjy; ------- ngUf;fj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
m) EfHNthh; M) tpahghu
,) tpw;gidg; gzpahsH <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
48) tpw;gid $l;lk; ------ ngUf;fj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
m) EfHNthh; M) tpw;gidg; gzpahsH
,) tpahghu <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
49) ngUf;f eltbf;iffis ------ vd;Wk; miof;fyhk;.
m) re;ijapLif fyit M) nghUs; fyit
,) ngUf;f fyit <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
50) ----- vd;gJ nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; Nrit cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l ,lj;jpypUe;J EfUk;
,lj;jpw;F mikg;G topahf EfHT miltij czHj;JtjhFk;.
m) thq;Fjy; M) tpw;gid nra;jy;
,) toq;fy; top <) ruf;F Nrkpg;G
51) nghUl;fs; tpw;gid nra;ag;gLk; NghJ cw;gj;jpahsiuAk; EfHNthiuAk;
,izf;fk; ghyk;.
m) toq;fy; top M) NeHKf tpw;gid
,) tpsk;guk; <) ruf;F Nrkpg;G
52) toq;fy; topfs; ------ gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
53) ------ toq;fy; topapy; ,ilj;jufHfs; fpilahJ.
m) Neub M) kiwKf
54) Neub toq;fy; topapy; xU epWtdk; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fis
EfHNthUf;F Neubahf tpw;gid nra;tjhFk;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
55) Neub toq;fy; top ------ tpw;gid nra;tjw;F cfe;jhfapUf;fpwJ.
m) fzpdp M) nfl;Lg;NghFk; nghUl;fs;
,) FspHrhjd ngl;b <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
56) tPl;bw;F tPL nghUl;fisf; nfhz;L nrd;W tpw;gid nra;tJ Neub toq;fy;
topfspy; xU KiwahFk;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
57) jghy; %yk; thq;Fjy; vd;gJ ----- vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) jghy; Miz Kiw M) nrhe;j fil njhlq;Fjy;
,) nkf;fhdpf;fy; fUtpfs; <) tPl;bw;F tPL tpw;gid
58) EfHNthUf;F rpwpa msTfspy; tpw;gid nra;gtH
m) nkhj;j tpahghhp M) rpy;yiw tpahghhp
,) KftHfs; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
59) tpw;gidapd; msT mjpfkhfapUe;jhy; ------- toq;fy; top rpwe;jhFk;.
m) Neub M) kiwKf
60) nghUl;fspd; tpiy epiyahdjhfapUe;jhy; ------ toq;fy; top rpwe;jjhff;
fUjg;gLfpwJ.
m) Neub M) kiwKf
61) re;ijapLifAk; toq;fYk; xd;Wjhd;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
62) channel vd;w nrhy; ----- nrhy;ypypUe;J cUthdJ.
m) cannal M) cannel ,) canel <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
63) cannal vd;w nrhy; ----- nkhopapypUe;J cUthdJ.
m) ,yj;jPd; M) fpNuf;f ,) gpnuQ;R <) Mq;fpyk;
64) PDS vd;gjd; tphpthf;fk; Public Distribution System ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
65) nghJ toq;fy; Kiwapd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fq;fs;
m) mj;jpahtrpa nghUl;fs; tpepNahfpj;jy;
M) epahakhd tpiyapy; toq;fy;
,) eyptile;j gphptpdUf;F toq;Fjy;
<) Nkw;$wpait midj;Jk;
66) g+[;[pa epiy top vd;gJ ------ topia czHj;JfpwJ.
m) Neub M) kiwKf
67) ,uz;L epiy top vd;gJ ------ ,ilj;jufHfs; mlq;fpajhFk;.
m) xU M) ,uz;L ,) %d;W
68) jq;fSila nrhe;j fzf;fpy; jq;fSila ,lHghl;by; ruf;Ffisf; nfhs;Kjy;
nra;J tpw;gid nra;Ak; ,ilj;jufH
m) KftHfs; M) tpahghhpfs; ,) GNuhf;fHfs;
69) ruf;Ffis nfhs;Kjy; nra;J rpy;yiw tpahghhpfSf;F tpw;gid nra;Ak; egH
m) rpy;yiw tpahghhp M) nkhj;j tpahghhp
,) fkp~d; KftH <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
70) Retailer vd;w nrhy; gpnuQ;R nkhopapypUe;J ------ nrhy;ypypUe;J
cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
m) Retailen M) Retailer ,) Retailier
71) Retailen means to cut again ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
72) njU tPjpfspy; fil mkHj;JgtH xU
m) nkhj;j tpahghhp M) rpy;yiw tpahghhp
73) xU $iuapd; fPo; midj;J JiwfSk; mike;jpUg;gJ
m) Jiwthhpf;fil M) klq;Ffil ,) nghJ tpepNahf Kiw
74) klq;F filapd; njhlf;fk;
m) ,q;fpyhe;J M) mnkhpf;fh ,) ,u~;ah <) Mrpah
75) ghl;lh fk;ngdp ------- f;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
m) Jiwthhpf; fil M) rq;fpyp fil ,) nkhj;j tpahghhp
76) ------ filfspy; nuhf;f tpw;gid kl;Lk; gpd;gw;wg;gLfpwJ.
m) Jiwthhp M) rq;fpyp ,) jtiz Kiw <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
77) ------ nfhs;Kjy; Kiwapy; xg;ge;jk; ifnaOj;JjhdTld; nghUl;fspd;
chpikAk; cilikAk; thq;FgtUf;F khw;wg;gLfpwJ.
m) thlif M) jtiz
78) EfHNthh; $l;LwT ------- tzpfq;fSs; xd;whff; fUjg;gLfpwJ.
m) rpy;yiw M) nkhj;j tpahghu ,) Nkw;$wpait my;y
79) gy;NtW tifahd EfHNthh; nghUl;fSk; tPl;Lj; Njitf;Fhpa nghUl;fSk; xU
$iuapd; fPo; tpw;gid nra;ag;gLk; ,lk;
m) rq;fpyp fil M) Jiwthhpf; fil
,) Nguq;fhb <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
80) xNu tpiyf;fil vd;why; xU nghUs; kl;Lk; tpw;gid nra;af;$ba ,lkhFk;.
,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
81) ,ilepiy egHfs;
m) jtpHf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; M) Fiwf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;
,) ePf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
82) tpahghu ,ilepiy egHfs; ahh;?
m) rpy;yiw tpw;gidahsH M) tpw;gid KftHfs;
,) GNuhf;fHfs; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
83) xU Neub re;ijapLif top vd;gJ ----- epiy top vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) g+[;[pak; M) xU ,) ,U tpil
84) nra;jp guty; vd;gJ
m) tpsk;guk; M) gzk; nrytopf;fg;glhjJ
,) tpw;gid <) tpw;gid gzpahsH
85) $g;gd;fs; mDg;gp tpw;gid mjpfhpj;jy;
m) tpsk;guk; M) nra;jp guty;
,) tpw;gid ngUf;fk; <) NeHKf tpw;gid
86) NeHKf tpw;gid vd;W miof;fg;gLtJ.
m) tha;r; nrhy; tpsk;guk; M) tpw;gid ngUf;fk;
,) tpsk;guk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
87) tpsk;guk; vd;gJ mr;rpy; ---- MFk;.
m) tpw;gidahsH jpwd; M) tpw;gid Nkk;ghL
,) gug;Gjy; <) nra;jp
88) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vJ cw;gj;jpf;fhd tpsk;gug; gad;?
m) jd;dk;gpf;ifia tsHf;fpwJ
M) ftdj;jpd; Gjpa ghpkhdq;fis toq;FfpwJ
,) Ntiy tha;g;Gfis cUthf;FfpwJ
<) tpw;gidia $l;LfpwJ.
89) nghUl;fhl;rp gw;wp cz;ikapy;yhjJ vJ?
m) gy;NtW cw;gj;jpahshpd; fhl;rpafq;fspd; njhFg;G
M) ghh;g;gtUf;F Nfspf;ifia ,it jUfpd;wd
,) ,it rpf;fdkhdit
<) ,it midj;Jk;
90) mr;R ,jo; tpsk;guk; ve;j nghUSf;F cfe;jJ?
m) Ntiy fhypaplq;fs; M) nlz;lHfs;
,) Gjpa nghUl;fs; <) epWtd tpsk;guq;fs;
91) Inside outside vd;Dk; mr;R ,jo; ve;j nghUNshL njhlHGilaJ.
m) fhh;fs; M) Milfs;
,) tPl;L myq;fhuk; <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
92) thndhyp %yk; tzpf xypgug;G ,e;jpahtpy; njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L
m) 1957 M) 1960 ,) 1967 <) 1936
93) njhiyf;fhl;rp %yk; tzpf xypgug;G ,e;jpahtpy; njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L -------
m) 1957 M) 1976 ,) 1982 <) 1936
94) thfd tpsk;guk; vd;gJ
m) ntspg;Gw rhjdk; M) cs;Gw rhjdk;
,) Neub tpsk;gu rhjdk; <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
95) [g;ghdpa vf;];Ngh 1970 vjDld; njhlHGilaJ?
m) tHzka fhl;rpafk; M) fhl;rpafk; ,) nghUl;fhl;rp <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
96) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vJ ntspg;Gw tpsk;guk; ,y;iy?
m) thd tpsk;guk; M) thfd tpsk;guk;
,) tpsk;gu kdpjd; <) mr;R tpsk;guk;
97) tpsk;guk; vd;gJ
m) Neub tpw;gid M) gug;Gjy;
,) re;ijapay; <) Neub njhlHgpy;yh jfty;
98) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; tpsk;guk; gw;wpa cz;ik vJ?
m) midj;J tpsk;guKk; gug;Gjy; MFk;
M) midj;J gug;GjYk; tpsk;gukhFk;
,) tpsk;guk; tpahghu Nehf;fpid nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;bajpy;iy
<) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
99) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; fhl;rpafj;jpd; jPik vJ?
m) nghUis fz;Lgpbg;gjpd; rpukk; M) EfHNthh; NeHikia tsHf;fhJ
,) fw;gid rf;jp FiwT <) ,it midj;Jk;
100) nghUs; fhl;rpafk; jUtJ
m) nfhs;Kjy; nra;tjw;F Kd; tpguk; M) Nrhjid nra;jy;
,) nra;Kiw tpsf;fk; <) ,it midj;Jk;
101) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; mr;R tpsk;guk; gw;wp cz;ik ,y;yhjJ vJ?
m) Fiwe;j msT tPr;R M) Fiwe;j epidtfk; ,) Fiwe;j juk; <) rpf;fdk;
102) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vJ ngz;fSf;fhd mr;R ,johFk;.
m) tp];lk; M) miyt; ,) ngkpdh <) ];lhh; l];l;
103) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vJ ntspg;Gw tpsk;gu rhjdk; MFk;.
m) jpiug;glk; M) thndhyp ,) tpsk;gu kdpjd; <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
104) ,e;jpahtpy; ve;j Mz;L thndhyp xypgug;G njhlq;fg;gl;lJ
m) 1927 M) 1920 ,) 1930 <) 1957
105) tpw;gid fbjq;fs; ve;j tiff;F cjhuzk;
m) Neub fbj tpsk;guk; M) mr;R tpsk;guk;
,) ntspg;Gw tpsk;guk; <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
106) tz;zj; njhiyf;fhl;rp ngl;bfs; ,e;jpahtpy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mz;L
m) 1974 M) 1984 ,) 1980 <) 1970
107) tpsk;guk; vd;gJ tpiy nfhLj;Jr; nra;Ak;
m) Nehpil tpw;gid M) re;ijg;gLj;Jjy;
108) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vJ Nfhl;bw;F Nkyhd topKiw vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ?
m) tpsk;guk; M) Nehpil tpw;gid
,) ,ytr md;gspg;Gfs; <) ,itaidj;Jk;
109) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; tpsk;gu efypd; cWg;G vJ?
m) ftd kjpg;G M) mwpAk; kjpg;G ,) Nfhg kjpg;G <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
110) tpsk;guk; ------- #j;jpuj;ijg; gad;gLj;JfpwJ.
m) AIDA M) ASMC ,) ACDC <) ADTR
111) xU tpsk;gu efypd; ghh;ff ; f; $ba kjpg;G ------ vdg;gLk;.
m) <Hg;G M) tbtikg;G ,) efy; Ma;T <) epoy; Ma;T
112) tpsk;gu efypd; nkhop ------ Mf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
m) El;gkhdjhf M) vspjhdjhf ,) fbdkhdjhf <) <Hf;ff; $bajhf
113) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vit nfhs;Kjiy J}z;Lk; fhuzpahFk;?
m) ghJfhg;G Njitfs; M) r%fj; Njitfs;
,) jd;epiwTj; Njitfs; <) ,itaidj;Jk;
114) gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vit xU tpsk;guk; Njhy;tp mila fhuzkhf mikAk;?
m) Nehf;fq;fs; Fwpg;gplglhik M) ,yf;F EfHNthh; tiuaWf;fg;glhik
,) fbdkhd re;ijf; fyit <) ,itaidj;Jk;
115) thUq;fs; - vLj;Jr; nry;Yq;fs; vd;gJ gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vjDila
nfhs;ifahFk;?
m) njhiyf; fhl;rp tpsk;guk; M) rd;dy; fhl;rpafk;
,) fhl;rpafk; <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
116) gpur;rhuq;fis jahhpj;jy; kw;Wk; Mf;fg+Htkhd jpwikia thq;Fjy; Mfpait
nra;gtH ------- vdg;gLtH.
m) cldbf; filfs; M) glg;gpbg;G epiyak; rhh;e;j KftH
,) ,tw;Ws; VJkpy;iy <) ,itaidj;Jk;
117) fPo;f;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ ntsp tpsk;gu rhjdky;y?
m) Rtnuhl;bfs; M) xspH tpsf;F tpsk;guq;fs;
,) gYhd; tpsk;guq;fs; <) njhiyf;fhl;rp tpsk;guk;
118) fPo;f;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ mr;R tpsk;guky;y?
m) fQ;rpiffs; M) nra;jpj;jhs;fs; ,) thue;jhpfs; <) rpdpkh
119) tpsk;gu efy;
m) Ghpaf; $bajhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; M) fbdkhdjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;
,) RUf;fkhdjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; <) tphpthdjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;
120) tpsk;gu Nfhrk; vd;gJ
m) glntspg;ghL M) tphpthd tpsf;fk;
,) tpsf;fg;glk; <) RUf;fkhd thh;j;ijfs;
121) tpsk;guj;jpd; ,Wjpahd Nehf;fk;
m) xU nghUs; my;yJ Nritapd; tpw;gid
M) epWtdj;jpd; Gfiog; gug;Gjy;
,) epWtd ew;ngaiug; guhkhpj;jy; <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
122) efy; Nrhjid
m) tpsk;gur; nryitf; fl;Lg;gLj;j cjTfpwJ
M) EfHNthhpd; eyDf;nfjpuhdJ
,) tpw;gid msit mwpa cjTfpwJ
<) tpsk;guj;ijr; rpwg;ghfr; nra;a cjTfpwJ
123) ----- vd;gJ ehL KOtJk; tpw;gidahfpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; nghUl;fisg; gw;wpa
nra;jpfis EfHNthUf;Fj; njhptpg;gjhFk;.
m) Njrpa mstpy; tpsk;guk; M) cs;SH tpsk;guk;
,) kz;ly tpsk;guk; <) Nkw;$wpait midj;Jk;
124) tpsk;gu KftH
m) xU rhh;gw;w tpsk;gur; rpwg;gPLghl;L epWtdk; M) xU epWkk;
,) xU re;ij Ma;thsH <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
125) tpsk;guk;
m) ngha;ahdJ M) rKjhaj;jpw;F vjpuhdJ
,) mj;jpahtrpakhdJ <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
126) tpsk;guk;
m) tpw;gidahshpd; miog;GfSf;fpilapy; tpw;fpwJ
M) tpw;gidahsUf;Fg; gjpyhf cs;sJ
,) tpw;gidNahL rk;ge;jg;glhjJ <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
127) xU gz;lj;jpd; Njitia cUthf;fj; J}z;Lk; Ms;rhh; eltbf;ifNa ------
vdg;gLk;.
m) tpw;ghz;ik M) EfHNthh; ,) thbf;ifahsH <) tpsk;guk;
128) tpsk;guk; vjDld; njhlHGila xd;W
m) tpsk;gujhuH M) tpw;gid ,) mlf;fk; <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
129) cw;gj;jp vd;gJ ------ tpsk;guk;
m) EfHNthh; M) njhopw;rhiy ,) tpahghu <) ,it midj;Jk;
130) je;jpukhd re;ijapaypd; xU gFjp jhd; vd;gJ vij Fwpf;Fk;.
m) rhjd NjHe;njLg;G M) rhjd jpl;lkpLjy;
,) je;jpu rhjdk; <) tpsk;gu rhjdk;
131) ,J xU xyp xsp tpsk;gur;rhjdkhFk;.
m) thndhyp M) jpiug;glk; ,) Rntuhl;b <) kpd;tpsf;F tpsk;guk;
132) ------ vd;gJ ghku kf;fshy; mhpag;gLfpwJ.
m) jpiug;gl tpsk;guk; M) Neub tpsk;guk;
,) kiwKf tpsk;guk; <) thndhyp tpsk;guk;
133) tpsk;gu Kfikapd; tsHr;rp vd;gJ vjd; gbepiyahFk;
m) Kfik M) rhjdk; ,) epiyahd gzp <) thbf;ifahsH
134) tpsk;gu Vn[d;rpAld; vjid xg;gplyhk;?
m) re;ijapLif Muha;r;rp M) tpsk;gu efy;
,) epHthf MNyhrid $Wk; epWtdk; <) t#ypf;Fk; fl;lzk;
135) ngUf;fj;jpd; fyit vd;gJ kpfg;nghpa ----- kw;Wk; ----- ,d; ,U $w;Wg;gphptpd;
tpw;gidahFk;.
m) Ms;rhh;e;j> Ms;rhuh M) thbf;ifahsH> nghJ kf;fs;
,) njhopyhsH> njhopyhsp <) ,it midj;Jk;
136) tpsk;gu tpisTfs; vd;gJ ------ fhuzpahFk;.
m) njhopyhsp M) njhopyhsH
,) cj;jputhjk; <) ,it midj;Jk;
137) Vd vd;why; ------ vd;W nghUs;
m) towards M) vpwards ,) downward <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
138) cs;@H tpsk;guk; vLj;Jf;fhl;L jUf
m) Rtnuhl;b M) xypngUf;fp
,) m kw;Wk; M <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
139) tpsk;guj;jpd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fk; ------ nra;tjhFk;.
m) Neub tpw;gid M) nghUl;fs; my;yJ Nritia tpw;gid
,) tpw;gid <) ,tw;wpy; VJkpy;iy
140) xU tpahghuj;jpd; Kf;fpa fhuzfHj;jhthf tpsq;FtJ -----
m) Neub tpw;gid M) Ms;rhh; tpw;gid
,) tpsk;guk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
141) ----- egh;fspd; FWf;fPL Fiwtjw;F tpsk;guk; gad;gLfpwJ.
m) nkhj;j tpahghhp M) ,ilepiy
,) rpy;yiu tpahghhp <) ,itaidj;Jk;
142) re;ijapay; nghUl;fis mwpKfg;gLj;Jtjw;F ------- gad;gLfpwJ.
m) tpw;gid M) tpsk;guk; ,) Nghl;b <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
143) tpahghhpfsplk; ------ jtpHg;gjw;F tpsk;guk; gad;gLfpwJ.
m) Nghl;biaj; M) tpw;gidiaj;
,) tpiyiaj; <) Nkw;$wpait midj;Jk;
144) nghUl;fs; fpilf;fg;gLk; ,lk; tpsk;gug;gLj;jg;gLtjhy; ----------- vspjpy;
nfhs;Kjy; nra;a KbfpwJ.
m) nkhj;j tpahghhp M) rpy;yiu tpahghhp
,) EfHNthh; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
145) ------ ,yf;if vspjpy; mila Kbtjhy; tpw;gid gzpahsHfs; gzpapdhy;
jpUg;jp milfpd;wdh;.
m) tpw;gid M) tpsk;guk; ,) EfHNthh; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
146) tpsk;gur; nryT mjpfhpf;fg;gLtjhy; ------- tpiyAk; mjpfhpf;fpwJ.
m) nghUl;fspd; M) Nrit tpw;gid
147) nghUl;fSf;F ----- nfhLf;fg;gLtjhy; rKjha eyDf;F xU rpy NfLfs;
Vw;gLfpd;wd vd;W fUjg;gLfpwJ.
m) tpsk;guk; M) Neub tpw;gid ,) fld; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
148) ------ tpsk;guk; nfhLf;fg;gLtjhy; gj;jphpf;iffSf;F xU Kf;fpa tUkhdk;
fpilf;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) gj;jphpf;iffspd; M) njhiyf;fhl;rp
,) thndhyp <) ,itaidj;Jk;
149) tpsk;guj;jpd; gzpfs; (functions) ahit?
m) thbf;ifahshpd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfhpj;jy;
M) re;ijapd; vy;iyia mjpfhpf;fg;gLfpwJ
,) ew;ngaH cUthf;Fjy;
<) Nkw;$wpait midj;Jk;
150) nghUl;fs; tpw;gid nra;ag;gLtjw;Fhpa Kaw;rpfspy; Kjy; epiy ------ MFk;.
m) tpsk;guk; M) Nghl;b ,) ew;ngaH <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
151) tpsk;gu rhjdq;fs; -------- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 3 M) 2 ,) 4 <) 5
152) cw;gj;jpahsH jkJ thbf;ifahshplk; nghUl;fisg; gw;wpa nra;jpfisf;
$WtJ ----- vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) kiwKf tpsk;guk; M) Neub tpsk;guk;
,) tpw;gid <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
153) kiwKf tpsk;guk; ------- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd?
m) 9 M) 8 ,) 7 <) 5
154) ------ vd;gJ NtW xU rhjdk; %ykhfg; nghUl;fs; tpsk;gug;gLj;jg;gLtjhFk;.
m) kiwKf tpsk;guk; M) Neub tpsk;guk;
,) Nghl;b <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
155) kiwKf tpsk;guj;jpy; ------ tpsk;guk; njhd;ikahfTk; KjyplkhdjhfTk;
tpsq;FfpwJ.
m) tpsk;guf; fbjq;fs; M) gj;jphpf;if
,) tpiyg; gl;bay; <) Nkw;$wpait midj;Jk;
156) gj;jphpf;if tpsk;guk; ------ tiffshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 3 M) 2 ,) 4 <) 5
157) vOjg; gbf;fj; njhpe;jtHfspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfhpj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gjhy; -------
tpsk;guk; Kjyplk; ngWfpwJ.
m) ,jo;fs; M) Fwpg;NgLfs; ,) nra;jpj;jhs; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
158) ------ tpsk;guk; kpfTk; Fiwthd nrytpy; gad;gLfpwJ.
m) nra;jpj;jhs; M) thndhyp ,) ,jo;fs; <) Neub tpsk;guk;
159) rpdpkh tpsk;guk; ------ vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) jpiug;gl tpsk;guk; M) Neub tpsk;guk;
,) kiwKf tpsk;guk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
160) tpsk;guk; nfhLg;gjw;Fj; ------- xU rhjdkhfg; gad;gLfpwJ. mz;ikf; fhyj;jpy;
,jpy; tpsk;guk; nfhLg;gJ kpfTk; gpurpj;jkhf cs;sJ.
m) thndhyp M) njhiyf;fhl;rp ,) rpdpkh <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
161) EfHNthhpd; ,Ug;gplj;jpw;Fr; nrd;wilAk; tpsk;guk; -----
m) Gwtpsk;guk; M) mftpsk;guk; ,) m kw;Wk; M <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
162) tPjpfspYk; njUf;fspYk; tpsk;guk; nray;gLtijg; ------ vd;W miof;fpNwhk;.
m) Gwtpsk;guk; M) mftpsk;guk;
,) gj;jphpf;if tpsk;guk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
163) mf tpsk;guj;jpd; vLj;Jf;fhl;L jUf
m) njhiyf;fhl;rp M) thndhyp ,) gj;jphpf;if <) ,itaidj;Jk;
164) Gwtpsk;guj;jpd; vLj;Jf;fhl;L jUf
m) Rtnuhl;b M) tpsk;gug; gyif ,) tpsk;gu kdpjd; <) ,itaidj;Jk;
165) Neub tpsk;guk; vLj;Jf;fhl;L jUf
m) mQ;ry; ml;il M) tpsk;guf; fbjq;fs;
,) m kw;Wk; M <) Nkw;$wpiait my;y
166) ,e;jpahtpy; vj;jid nkhopfspy; nra;jpj;jhs; ntspaplg;gLfpd;wd?
m) 90 M) 91 ,) 93 <) 95
167) nfhy;fj;jhtpy; ngq;fhyp nkhopapy; mjpf mstpy; mr;R nra;J ntsptUk;
nra;jpj;jhspd; ngah;
m) Njrpa ehspjo;fs; M) Md;e;j; g[hh;
,) khiy ehspjo;fs; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
168) rpwg;G ,jo; vLj;Jf;fhl;L jUf
m) jPghtsp kyH M) rpWtH kyH
,) fij kyH <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
169) njhiyf;fhl;rp tpsk;guk; vq;F kpf gpugykhdJ?
m) U.S.A M) yf;Ndh ,) ghk;Ng <) nrd;id
170) tpsk;gug; gyiffs; kf;fs; $l;lk; kpFe;j ,lj;jpy; nghUj;jg;gLtjhy; kf;fs;
mjpfk; ghh;f;fpd;wdH. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
171) ----- vd;gJ tpsk;guk; nfhLf;Fk; epWtdj;jpd; ngaH EfHNthh;f;Fj; njhptpf;Fk;
tifapy; ilhpfs;> fhyz;lHfs;> EfHNthh;f;F ,ytrkhf toq;FtjhFk;.
m) rpwg;G tpsk;guk; M) Neub tpsk;guk;
,) kiwKf tpsk;guk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
172) rpwg;G tpsk;guj;jpd; vLj;Jf;fhl;L jUf
m) rhsuf; fhl;rp M) fhyz;lHfs;
,) fhl;rpafk; <) nghUl;fhl;rp
173) ------ vd;gJ xU tpw;gidahsUf;Fk; xU thbf;ifahsUf;Fk; ,ilNa cs;s
ciuahlyhFk;.
m) NeHKf tpw;gid M) kiwKf tpw;gid
174) NeHKf tpw;gidapd; Nehf;fq;fs; ------ tiffshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 3 M) 2 ,) 4 <) 5
175) NeHKf tpw;gidapd; epiyfs; ------ gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 3 M) 4 ,) 5 <) 2
176) AIDAS vd;gJ
m) Attention, Interest, Desire, Action, Satisfaction
M) Attention, Interaction, Desire, Action, Satisfaction
,) Afforable, Interest, Descend, Attentrion, Slide
<) Nkw;$wpait my;y
177) xU epWtdj;jpd; ntw;wp my;yJ Njhy;tpfis epHzapg;gJ -------- gzpahsHfs;
m) tpw;gid M) Ms;rhh; ,) ,ilepiy <) Nkw;$wpait midj;Jk;
178) ----- gzpahsH vd;gtH EfHNthiuf; ftHe;J mtHfsJ ek;gpf;ifiag; ngw;W
tpw;gidahsUila nghUl;fis thq;Fk; gbahf Vw;Wf; nfhs;sr; nra;gtuhFk;.
m) ,ilepiy M) tpw;gid ,) NeHKf <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
179) tpw;gid gzpahshpd; gzpfs; njhopYf;Fj; njhopy; khWgLfpwJ. ,f;$w;W
rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
180) tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfs; xU mwpf;if rkHgpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mtw;wpd; Fwpg;gpl;l
fhyk;. ,jpy; xU Kiw kl;Lk; mDg;g Ntz;Lk;
m) 10 15 M) 15 30 ,) 20 25 <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
181) tpw;gid gzpahshpd; nghWg;Gfs; njhopYf;Fj; njhopy; kw;Wk; thzpgj;jpw;F
thzpgk; NtWgLk;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
182) tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfis ----- tifahfg; gphpf;fyhk;.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
183) mikg;G mbg;gilapy; tpw;gidg; gzpahsh;fis ----- tiffshfg; gphpf;fyhk;.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
184) ------ gzpahsHfs; filf;Fs; tUk; thbf;ifahsHfSf;Fg; nghUl;fis
tpw;fpd;wdH.
m) filf;Fs; gzpahw;Wk; tpw;gidg;
M) filf;F ntspapy; gzpahw;Wk; tpw;gidg;
,) m kw;Wk; M
<) Nkw;$wpait my;y
185) filf;F ntspNa gzpahw;Wk; tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfs; jq;fSila nghUspd;
khjphpia vLj;Jf; nfhz;L xt;nthU thbf;ifahshplk; nrd;W nfhs;Kjy;
Miziag; ngw;W tu Ntz;Lk;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
186) nghUl;fspd; tpw;gid mbg;gilapy; tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfis ------ tiffshfg;
gphpf;fyhk;.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
187) ------ gzpahsHfs; nghJthf mbg;gilj; Njitahd nghUl;fis tpw;gjpy;
<LgLfpd;wdH.
m) epiyahd tpw;gidg; M) rpwg;G tpw;gidg;
188) FspHrhjdg;ngl;b> njhiyf;fhl;rpg; ngl;b ,it rpwg;Gg; nghUl;fs; tpw;gidapd;
vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
189) Nrit mbg;gilapy; tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfis ------ tiffshfg; gphpf;fyhk;.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
190) ------ gzpahsHfs; ntspehl;L epWkj;jpd; gpujpepjpahfr; nray;gLfpd;wdH.
m) Vw;Wkjpahshpd; tpw;gidg;
M) rpwg;G tpw;gidg;
,) epiyahd tpw;gidg;
<) ,itaidj;Jk;
191) tpw;gid gzpahshpd; Fzeyd;fis ------ tifahff; gphpf;fyhk;.
m) 4 M) 5 ,) 6 <) 3
192) ---- vd;gJ nghUl;fSf;Fhpa Njitia EfHNthhplk; cUthf;FtjhFk;.
m) Kjy; epiy tpsk;guk;
M) ,ilepiy tpsk;guk;
,) tpw;gid
<) Nkw;$wpait my;y
193) NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l tpsk;guj;jpd; vLj;Jf;fhl;L jUf
m) HMT watch M) Maruticar
,) Liril soap <) Nkw;$wpait midj;Jk;
194) xU cw;gj;jpahsH jd;Dila nghUl;fis tpw;gid nra;tjw;Fg;
gad;gLj;jg;gLk; tpsk;guk; ----- vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) nghUs; tpsk;guk; M) tpw;gid tpsk;guk;
,) Neub tpsk;guk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
195) nghUs; tpsk;guj;jpd; vLj;Jf;fhl;L jUf
m) rd;iu]; M) thl;r; ,) Nrhg; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
196) ----- vd;gJ xU epWtdk; cw;gj;jp nra;J tpw;gid nra;Ak; midj;Jg;
nghUl;fisAk; tpsk;gug;gLj;Jtjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.
m) epWtd tpsk;guk; M) nghUs; tpsk;guk;
,) Kjy; epiy tpsk;guk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
197) epWtd tpsk;guk; ------ cl;gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
198) ----- vd;gJ xU nghUisg; gw;wpa nra;jpfis EfHNthh; mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhfg;
gad;gLfpd;wJ.
m) epWtd tpsk;guk; M) tzpf tpsk;guk;
,) nghUs; tpsk;guk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
199) tzpf tpsk;guk; ------ gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 3 M) 5 ,) 4 <) 2
tpsk;guk;
1) tpsk;guj;jpd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fk;

m) nra;jpfisj; njhptpj;jy; M) tpw;gidia mjpfhpj;jy;
,) kdijf; ftHjy; <) Nkw;$wpait midj;Jk;
2) mwptpg;ghf ntspaplg;gLk; midj;J nra;jpfSk; tpsk;guk; jhd; vd;W $wpatH
m) N~f;];gpaH M) ngHdhl;~h ,) Mjhk; <) n`d;wp
3) tpsk;gujhuhpd; gzpfis Nkw;nfhs;Sgtiu miof;fg;gLtJ
m) tpw;gid NkyhsH M) tpsk;gu NkyhsH
,) tpsk;gu KftH <) gpujpepjp
4) tpsk;guq;fis jkpopy; ntspapl;l Kjy; Mq;fpy ,jo;
m) jpde;je;jp M) jpdkyH
,) nkl;uh[; nf[l; <) ,e;jpad; vf;];gpu];
5) Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;gpd; jhahf tpsq;FtJ
m) Njit M) tpsk;guk; ,) tpw;gid <) ngUf;fk;
6) fpwp];J gpwg;gpw;F Kd;G tpsk;guk; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ vd;W $wpatH
m) n`d;wp rhk;rd; M) nlhp ,) ,uhgHl; <) vbrd;
7) tpsk;guj;ij Kjd;Kjypy; gad;gLj;jpatHfs;
m) fpNuf;fHfs; M) Nuhkd;];
,) ,j;jhypaHfs; <) Nkw;$wpatHfs; my;y
8) ifahy; ,af;fg;gLk; mr;R ,ae;jpuk; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l Ehw;whz;L
m) 15 M) 16 ,) 17 <) 18
9) tpsk;guj;jpw;F cyfpy; Kjd; Kjyhfg; gad;gLj;jpa nra;jpj;jhspd; ngah;
m) nkHFhp]; M) jpde;je;jp
,) ,e;jpad; vf;];gpu]; <) ,e;jpah ^Nl
10) tpsk;guj;jpw;F Kjd; Kjypy; nra;jpj;jhs; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l Ehw;whz;L
m) 15 M) 16 ,) 17 <) 18
11) tpsk;gujhuHfs; vd;gtHfs;
m) cw;gj;jpahsHfs; M) rpy;yiu tpw;gidahsHfs;
,) tpw;gidahsHfs; <) Nkw;$wpatHfs; midtUk;
12) tpsk;guk; Ngustpy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l E}w;whz;L
m) 17 M) 18 ,) 19 <) 20
13) Kjd; Kjyhf ntspaplg;gl;l nkHFhp]; vd;w nra;jpj;jhs; ntspapl;l ehL
m) ,e;jpah M) ,q;fpyhe;J ,) gpuhd;R <) ,j;jhyp
14) tsUk; nghUshjhuj;jpd; Nehf;fk;
m) Nrkpg;ig cUthf;FtJ M) tpw;gidia mjpfhpj;jy;
,) ,yhgj;ij mjpfhpj;jy; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
15) EfHNthiu Vkhw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;w Nehf;fj;Jld; ntspapLtJ
m) tpsk;guk; M) tpsk;guk; my;y ,) tpw;gid <) cw;gj;jp
16) tpsk;guk; vd;gJ ----- jd;ik nfhz;lJ.
m) Ms;rhh; M) Ms;rhuh ,) ,uz;Lk; <) Nkw;$wpaitay;y
17) tpsk;guk; vd;w nrhy; ------ nkhopapypUe;J cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
m) ,yj;jPd; M) mnkhpf;fd; ,) fpNuf;f <) ,q;fpyhe;J
18) Advertising vd;w nrhy; ----- nrhy;ypUe;J cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
m) Advertero M) Advarto ,) Adverta <) None of these
19) tpsk;guk;
m) cw;gj;jpaw;wJ M) cw;gj;jpAs;sJ
20) Ntz;LNfhspd; mbg;gilapy; tpsk;guq;fs; gphpf;fg;gLtJ
m) ,uz;L M) %d;W ,) ehd;F <) Ie;J
21) tpsk;guk; vd;gJ Ms;rhuh NgusT thzpg jfty; njhlHG MFk;. ,f;$w;W
rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
22) tpsk;guk; ruf;Ffspd; mlf;f tpiyia mjpfhpf;fpwJ. ,f;$w;W rhpjhdh?
m) rhp M) jtW
23) ngha;ahd jfty;fis tpsk;gug;gLj;JtJ ------ vjpuhd fUj;jhFk;.
24) tpsk;guk; cw;gj;jpaw;wJ vd;gJ ----- vjpuhd fUj;jhFk;.
25) Njitapd; mbg;gilapy;> tpsk;guk; -------- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
26) xU Fwpg;gpl;l tif nghUSf;Fj; Njitia cUthf;Ftjw;fhf Ntz;LNfhs;
tpLf;Fk; tpsk;guk; ------- tpsk;gukhFk;.
m) Kjd;ik Njit M) NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l Njit
,) epWtd <) $l;LwT
27) Kd;Ndhb tpsk;guk; ------ tpsk;guk; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) Kjd;ik Njit M) nghUs;
,) NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l Njit <) Njrpa
28) ------ nefpo;r;rpaw;wJ
,) tpw;gid ngUf;fk; <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
29) NubNah tpsk;guk; mftpsk;guq;fspy; xU gphpthff; fUjg;gLfpwJ. ,f;$w;W
rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
30) Neub tpsk;guj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;L
m) thd;ntsp tpsk;guk; M) Rw;wwpf;if fbjq;fs;
,) fhl;rpafk; <) thndhyp
31) Gw tpsk;guj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;L
m) tHzkplg;gl;l fhl;rp M) Rw;wwpf;if fbjk; ,) nra;jpj;jhs;
32) ngUf;f tpsk;guj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;L
m) kpd;rhjd fhl;rpafk; M) tpw;gid fbjq;fs;
,) [d;dy; fhl;rp <) njhiyf;fhl;rp
33) njhiyf;fhl;rp ikak; jpy;ypapy; Kjyhtjhf epWtg;gl;l Mz;L
m) 1942 M) 1952 ,) 1962 <) 1972
34) nra;jpguty; tpsk;gujhuuhy; nrYj;jg;gLtjpy;iy. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
35) AMA vd;gjd; tphpthf;fk; American Marketing Association ,J rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
36) ld;yg; ,e;jpah vd;w tpsk;guk; ------ tpsk;guj;jpw;Fhpa vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
m) nghUs; M) epWtd ,) njhopy; <) gz;iz
37) ------ vd;gJ tpsk;guk; nfhLf;Fk; epWtdj;jpd; ngah; EfHNthUf;F njhptpf;Fk;
tifapy; cs;sJ.
m) Neub tpsk;guk; M) kiwKf tpsk;guk;
,) rpwg;G tpsk;guk; <) thndhyp tpsk;guk;
38) nra;jpj;jhs; tpsk;gu nfhs;ifia kj;jpa muR mwptpj;j Mz;L
m) 1980 M) 1981 ,) 1991 <) 1982
39) Njitapd; mbg;gilapy; tpsk;guq;fs; gphpf;fg;gLtJ
m) ,uz;L M) %d;W ,) ehd;F <) Ie;J
40) xU epWtdk; jd;Dila nghUs; my;yJ tzpf ngaUf;F mjpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk;
nfhLf;Fk; tpsk;guk;
m) epWtd tpsk;guk; M) tzpf tpsk;guk;
,) nghUs; tpsk;guk; <) njhopy; tpsk;guk;
41) xU epWtdk; cw;gj;jp nra;J> tpw;gid nra;Ak; midj;Jg; nghUs;fisAk;
tpsk;gug;gLj;JtJ
m) tzpf tpsk;guk; M) epWtd tpsk;guk;
,) njhopy; tpsk;guk; <) gz;iz tpsk;guk;
42) njhiyf;fhl;rp tpsk;guk; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mz;L
m) Vg;uy; 24> 1958 M) #d; 16> 1966 ,) rdthp 1> 1976 <) #d; 8> 1988
43) kiwKf tpsk;gu rhjdk;
m) njhiyf;fhl;rp M) ehl;fhl;b ,) Rw;wwpf;iffs; <) mQ;ry; ml;il
44) Neub tpsk;gu rhjdk;
m) mQ;ry; ml;il M) njhiyf;fhl;rp ,) thndhyp <) ,jo;
45) Gw tpsk;gu rhjdk;
m) mQ;ry; ml;il M) njhiyf;fhl;rp ,) Rtnuhl;b <) thndhyp
46) mr;rbj;j tpw;gidj; jpwd; vd;gJ ----- my;yhky; Ntwpy;iy.
m) mq;fhbapay; M) tpsk;guk; ,) tpw;gidg; ngUf;fk; <) nghJ tpsk;guk;
47) gj;jphpif tpsk;guk; ------ tiffshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpwJ?
m) 3 M) 2 ,) 5 <) 4
48) tpsk;gur; nryT Fiwthf Vw;gLj;JtJ
m) tpw;gidj; jpwd M) tpsk;guk;
,) tpw;gidg; ngUf;fk; <) NeHKf tpw;gid
49) ------- tpahghuj;jpd; capH ehbahFk;.
m) tpw;gidg; ngUf;fk; M) NeHKf tpw;gid ,) tpiy <) tpsk;guk;
50) xU Fwpg;gpl;l cw;gj;jpahsH jkJ nghUs;fis tpw;gid nra;a Nkw;nfhs;Sk;
tpsk;guk;
m) epWtd tpsk;guk; M) Kjdpiy tpsk;guk;
,) nghUs; tpsk;guk; <) tzpf tpsk;guk;
51) tpsk;guj;jpw;F vjpuhd fUj;Jf;fs; ----- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 3 M) 5 ,) 2 <) 4
52) nghUl;fs; tpsk;gug;gLj;jg;gLtjhy; mjpf mstpy; tpw;gid eilngWtjw;Fhpa
tha;g;Gfs; cs;sJ vJ?
m) thq;Fk;gb fl;lhag;gLj;Jjy; M) tpsk;guk; cw;gj;jp mw;wJ
,) nghUl;fspd; tpiy mjpfhpf;fpwJ <) Kw;nwhhpik
53) ----- vd;gJ xU nghUisg; gw;wpa nra;jpfis EfHNthh; mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhfg;
gad;gLj;Jk; tpsk;gukhFk;.
m) tpahghu tpsk;guk; M) gz;iz tpsk;guk;
,) tzpf tpsk;guk; <) njhopy; tpsk;guk;
54) kiwKf tpsk;guk; ----- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) 8 M) 3 ,) 2 <) 4
55) tpsk;gu Vn[d;rpfs; vd;w E}iy vOjpatH
m) khh;lb; d; NkaH M) N[k;]; ghz;l; ,) n`d;wp <) N~f;];gpaH
56) tpahghhpfSf;Fk;> cw;gj;jpahsHfSf;Fk; kl;Lkpy;yhky; rKjhaj;jpw;Fk;
tpsk;guj;jhy; gy topfspy; ------ gad; Vw;gLfpd;wJ.
m) re;ijia tphpthf;Fjy; M) juKk; rpwe;j gzpAk;
,) toq;fw; nryTfs; Fiwjy; <) r%f eyidg; ghJfhj;jy;
57) tpsk;gu efy; vd;gJ xd;W Kjy; gy thh;j;ijfs; mlq;fpa thrfk; mlf;fpa
mlq;f$ba tp~ak; vd;W $wpatH
m) N[k;]; `z;lH M) nfy;gdH ,) Mjhk; <) n`d;wp
58) ------ XH Nkyhz;ik eltbf;ifahFk;.
m) mikg;G M) jpl;lkpLjy; ,) KbntLj;jy;
59) ----- vd;gJ vOj;J tbtpyhd tpsk;guq;fs; MFk;.
m) Rw;wwpf;iffs; M) mQ;ry; ml;il
,) tpsk;guf; fbjq;fs; <) ehl;fhl;bfs;
60) ----- ehl;by; njhiyf;fhl;rp tpsk;guk; ePzl; fhykhfg; GfOld; cs;sJ.
m) mnkhpf;fh M) Rtpl;rHyhe;J ,) ,e;jpah <) gpuhd;];
61) ----- tpsk;guk; kpf Ntfkhfg; Gfo; ngw;W tUfpwJ.
m) thndhyp tpsk;guk; M) nlyptp~d; tpsk;guk;
,) rpdpkh tpsk;guk; <) nra;jpj;jhs; tpsk;guk;
62) cs;SH mstpypUe;J rHtNjr mstpy; ----- elj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
m) fhl;rpafq;fs; M) rhsuf; fhl;rp ,) nghUl; fhl;rpfs;
63) ----- cw;gj;jp mw;wJ.
m) tpw;gidg; ngUf;fk; M) NeHKf tpw;gid
,) Kw;nwhhpik <) tpsk;guk;
64) tpsk;guk; vd;gJ -----
m) tpiy M) nghUs; ,) juk; <) Nrit
65) tpsk;guj;jpd; nghUslf;fj;ij ----- Fwpg;gpLfpwJ.
m) Clfk; M) gpujp ,) Clf CHjp <) nra;jp
66) ---- vd;gJ thbf;ifahsUf;Fg; nghUisg; gw;wpa nra;jpfis njhptpg;gjw;fhf
tpsk;gujhuH gad;gLj;Jk; rhjdq;fs;
m) tpsk;guk; M) tpw;gidg; ngUf;fk;
,) tpsk;gu rhjdq;fs; <) tpw;gidj; jpwd;
67) xU tpahghuj;jpd; Kf;fpa fhuzfHj;jhthf tpsq;FtJ
m) tpw;gidg; ngUf;fk; M) tpsk;guk; ,) tpw;gidj; jpwd; <) tpiy
68) tPjpfspYk;> njUf;fspYk; tpsk;guk; nray;gLtijg; ----- vd;fpNwhk;.
m) njhiyf;fhl;rp tpsk;guk; M) mf tpsk;guk;
,) rpdpkh tpsk;guk; <) Gw tpsk;guk;
69) INS vd;gJ Indian Newspaper Society ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
70) IRS vd;gJ Indian Readership Survey ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
71) nghUs; thq;fg;gLk; ,lj;jpy; tpsk;guk; ----- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 5 <) 6
72) tpsk;gur; nryT mjpfhpf;fg;gLtjhy; ----- mjpfhpf;fpwJ.
m) nghUl;fspd; tpiy M) tpsk;guk; cw;gj;jp mw;wJ
,) thq;Fk;gb fl;lhag;gLj;Jjy; <) Kw;nwhhpik
73) Gjpjhf mwpKfg;gLj;Jk; nghUl;fSf;F ------ tpsk;guk; gad;gLfpwJ.
m) nghUs; tpsk;guk; M) Kjy; epiy tpsk;guk;
,) tzpf tpsk;guk; <) epWtd tpsk;guk;
74) tpsk;guq;fspd; tiffs; -------- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) 9 M) 5 ,) 4 <) 2
tpilfs; :
1. m 2. M 3. m 4. M 5. , 6. M 7. m 8. M
9. m 10. m 11. M 12. m 13. m 14. M 15. M 16. m
17. M 18. M 19. M 20. m 21. , 22. , 23. m 24. m
25. m 26. m 27. m 28. m 29. , 30. m 31. , 32. m
33. m 34. m 35. M 36. m 37. M 38. m 39. , 40. ,
41. m 42. m 43. M 44. m 45. M 46. m 47. M 48. M
49. , 50. , 51. m 52. m 53. m 54. m 55. M 56. m
57. m 58. m 59. m 60. m 61. M 62. m 63. , 64. m
65. m 66. m 67. M 68. M 69. M 70. m 71. m 72. M
73. m 74. M 75. M 76. M 77. M 78. m 79. , 80. M
81. M 82. m 83. m 84. M 85. , 86. m 87. , 88. <
89. M 90. < 91. < 92. < 93. m 94. , 95. , 96. m
97. M 98. M 99. m 100. m 101. , 102. m 103. M 104. m
105. M 106. m 107. M 108. m 109. m 110. m 111. M 112. M
113. < 114. < 115. M 116. M 117. < 118. < 119. m 120. m
121. m 122. m 123. m 124. m 125. m 126. m 127. < 128. M
129. , 130. m 131. M 132. m 133. m 134. m 135. m 136. m
137. m 138. , 139. M 140. , 141. M 142. M 143. m 144. ,
145. m 146. m 147. m 148. m 149. < 150. m 151. M 152. M
153. M 154. m 155. M 156. M 157. , 158. M 159. m 160. M
161. M 162. m 163. < 164. M 165. , 166. M 167. , 168. m
169. m 170. m 171. m 172. M 173. m 174. M 175. , 176. m
177. m 178. M 179. m 180. M 181. m 182. M 183. M 184. m
185. m 186. m 187. m 188. m 189. , 190. m 191. m 192. m
193. m 194. m 195. m 196. m 197. M 198. M 199. ,
1. < 2. m 3. , 4. , 5. m 6. m 7. M
8. m 9. , 10. , 11. < 12. , 13. M 14. m 15. M
16. M 17. m 18. m 19. , 20. m 21. m 22. m 23. m
24. , 25. m 26. m 27. m 28. M 29. m 30. M 31. m
32. , 33. , 34. m 35. m 36. M 37. , 38. < 39. m
40. M 41. M 42 , 43. m 44. m 45. , 46. M 47. M
48. M 49. < 50. , 51. , 52. < 53. , 54. m 55. m
56. < 57. M 58. M 59. , 60. m 61. M 62. , 63. <
64. M 65. M 66. , 67. M 68. < 69. m 70. m 71. M
72. m 73. M 74. m
Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay;
1) epjp fzf;Ffis Nkyhz;ik nra;tNj --------- vdg;gLk;.

Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay;
2) Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay; vd;gJ ------- thh;j;ijfis nfhz;lJ.
,uz;L
3) Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay; ------ gjptpaypy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.
fzf;F
4) Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay; ------ mjpfhpf;f my;yJ Fiwf;f Kbfpd;wJ.
,yhgj;ij
5) Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay; Nkyhz;ik nra;gtUf;F Njitahd ----- hPjpahd
jPHkhdq;fs; MFk;.
nfhs;if
6) ------- fzf;Ffis gbg;gNj Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpayhFk;.
Nkyhz;ikf;Fhpa
7) Nyhz;ikf;F Njitahd nra;jpfis toq;Fk; ------ KiwNa Nkyhz;ik
fzf;fpay; vdg;gLk;.
fzf;F
8) Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay; fzf;F gjptpaypy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; Kiwfs; ------ kw;Wk;
nfhs;iffis tpthpf;fTk;.
cj;jpfs;
9) xU njhopiy mjpf jpwikAld; elj;jp nry;y cjTk; ve;j xU fzf;fpay;
tbtKk; ------- vdg;gLk;.
Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay;
10) Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay; ----- gzpahf tpsq;fp tUfpwJ.
Nrit
11) Nkyhz;ikf;F Njitahd ------ Nghd;w gzpfspy; cjtp GhptNj ,jd;
Nehf;fkhFk;.
m) jpl;lkpLjy; M) newpgLj;Jjy; ,) fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy; <) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
12) ,yhgq;fis fzf;fPL nra;tNj ------ fzf;fpaypd; gzpahFk;.
m) kWkjpg;gPL M) $l;L kjpg;gPL ,) fzf;fPL <) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
13) cw;gj;jp nra;j nghUs;fspd; ----- gzpfis epHzak; nra;a cjTfpd;wJ.
m) mlf;f tpiy M) ,yhg tpiy ,) el;l tpiy <) ,it VJkpy;iy
14) ------ fl;Lg;ghL nra;a Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay; epHzak; nray;gLfpd;wJ.
ruf;F
15) Nkyhz;ikapdH gy;NtW msT epiyfis ------ epHzak; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
m) Fiwe;jsT epiy M) mjpf gl;r epiy
,) kW nfhs;Kjy; epiy <) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
16) vjpH tUk; fhyj;jpw;F xU epWtdj;jpd; jpl;lq;fs;> nfhs;iffs; Nehf;fq;fis
ntspf;fhl;LtNj ------ jpl;lkhFk;.
epjp
17) Kd; Ma;T vd;gJ ----- MFk;.
xU kjpg;gPL
18) epWtdj;jpd; gy;NtW nray;ghLfis Fwpj;J mbf;fb ------- Nkyhz;ikapdUf;F
njhpag;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
Nkyhz;ik fzf;fhsH
19) mwpf;ifapd; tiffs; ahit?
m) ,yhg el;l fzf;F M) epjp elkhl;l mwpf;if
,) nuhf;f epjp elkhl;l mwpf;if ruf;F mwpf;if <) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
20) epWtdj;jpd; xt;nthU Jiwapd; nray; jpwid kjpg;gPL nra;a -------- kpfTk;
mtrpak;.
mfj;jzpf;if
21) ------- kpfTk; mtrpak;
m) nghUs; tpsf;fk; M) epjp mwpf;if
,) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk; <) ,it VJkpy;iy
22) ------- fhuzpfis rpf;fdkhd topapy; gad;gLj;j nray;Kiw fl;Lg;ghLk;
KiwfSk; Njitg;gLfpwJ.
gy jug;gl;l cw;gj;jp
23) Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpaYf;F ------ kpfTk; mtrpak;.
thpjpl;lk;
24) ------- gad;fis gw;wp tpguq;fs; Nkyhz;ikapdUf;F mwpf;ifahf nfhLf;fyhk;.
m) mYtyf Nfhg;Gfs; M) mYtyf ,ae;jpuq;fs;
,) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk; <) ,it VJkpy;iy
25) xt;nthU epWtdk; jk;Kila thp vt;tsT vd;gjid njhpe;J nfhs;tjw;F -------
cjTfpd;wJ.
thp fzf;fpay;
26) mlf;f tpiyahdJ -------- cs;s cwTfis nghUshjhu tsq;fspd; cjtpAld;
jpwk;gl gad;gLfpd;wd.
mlf;f tpiyf;Fk; ,yhgj;jpw;Fk;
27) ------ %ykhf thp fzf;fplg;gLfpd;wJ.
,yhg el;l fzf;F
28) epjp fzf;fpay; ------ nra;jpfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ.
fle;j fhy
29) ----- fzf;fpay; Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpaYf;F Kf;fpakhdjhFk;.
mlf;f tpiy
30) mwpf;if vj;jid tifg;gLk;?
m) 4 M) 3 ,) 2 <) 1
31) epjp mwpf;iffs; vt;thW gad;gLfpd;wd
m) jpl;lkplTk; M) Kd; Ma;Tf;Fk;
,) jpl;lkplTk;> Kd; Ma;Tf;Fk; <) ,it VJkpy;iy
32) epjp mwpf;ifapd; ------ tpsf;fk; MFk;.
gFg;gha;T nghUs;
33) nghUs; tpsf;fkhdJ ------ tbtj;jpy; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
mwpf;if
34) epjp mwpf;iffis ve;j eilKiwfis ifahs Ntz;Lk;.
m) gFg;gha;T nra;aTk; M) nghUs; tpsf;fk;
,) jpl;lkplTk; <) ,it Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
35) tpfpjq;fis ----- Nghd;w gFg;gha;T fUtp cj;jpfspd; cjtpAld; gFg;gha;T
nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
m) xg;gPL nra;jy; M) epjp Xl;lk;
,) nghJ msT Nghf;F Ma;T <) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
36) ve;j mwpf;iffspy; gFg;gha;T nra;tjhFk;
m) kW mikg;G nra;ag;gl;L M) jFe;j gbtj;jpy; gphpf;fg;gLjy;
,) xNu FOf;fshfg; gphpj;jy; <) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
37) gy;NtW fhyq;fspy; epjp epiyiaf; fhl;Lk; mwpf;if ------ mwpf;iffshFk;.
xg;gPlL
; epjp
38) xg;gPlL ; mwpf;ifia ------ tifahfg; gphpf;fyhk;
m) ,uz;L M) %d;W ,) ehd;F <) xd;W
39) xg;gPlL ; mwpf;ifapd; tiffs; ahit?
m) ,Ug;G epiyf;Fwpg;G M) tUkhd mwpf;if
,) epjp gFg;gha;T <) Nkw;$wpa ,uz;Lk;
40) ve;j gj;jpapy; njhifahf vOj Ntz;Lk;
m) 1 M) 2 ,) 3 <) 4
41) 3 MtJ gj;jpapy; vjid vOj Ntz;Lk;
m) mjpfhpg;G M) FiwT
,) mjpfhpg;G my;yJ FiwT <) vJTk; ,y;iy
42) 4 MtJ gj;jpapy; mjw;Fhpa ------- vOj Ntz;Lk;.
m) tpOf;fhL M) mjpfhpg;G ,) FiwT <) ,it VJkpy;iy
43) xU epWtdj;jpd; nray; eltbf;iffspy; fpilf;Fk; KbTfis nfhLg;gJ -------
mwpf;ifahFk;.
tUkhd
44) xU Fwpg;gpl;l Mz;bd; ------ fhl;Lfpd;wJ.
,yhgj; jd;ikia
45) ------ Fwpg;G Nghd;Nw ,jpYk; ehd;F gj;jpfs; cs;sd.
xg;gPlL
; ,Ug;G epiyf;
46) ------- Mz;bd; njhlf;f njhifAk;> ,Wjp njhifAk; cs;sd.
Kjy; ,uz;L gj;jpfspd;
47) %d;whtJ gj;jpapy; tpj;jpahr njhifAk; ------ tpOf;fhl;ilAk; vOj Ntz;Lk;.
ehd;fhtJ gj;jpapy;
48) xt;nthU nrhj;Jk; nkhj;j nrhj;Jf;fspd; tpOf;fhlhfTk; xt;nthU nghWg;Gk;
nkhj;j nghWg;Gfspd; tpOf;fhlhfTk; fhl;Lfpd;w mwpf;ifNa -------- Fwpg;ghFk;.
msT ,Ug;G epiyf;
49) vspjhd Kiwapy; ------ gw;wpa cs;sgbNa cz;ikahd tpsf;fk; nfhLg;gNj
epjp mwpf;ifapd; nghUs; tpsf;fkhFk;.
epjpia
50) gy;NtW tifahd mwpf;ifapy; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s gy;NtW -----
Ma;T nra;tNj gFg;gha;T vdg;gLk;.
51) mwpf;ifapy; jPHkhdpg;gJ ------ MFk;.
epjp mwpf;if
52) gFg;gha;thsH fzf;fpay; Nfhl;ghLfSk; ------ fzf;fhshpd; jpl;lq;fisAk;>
nfhs;iffisAk; njhpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Nkyhz;ik
53) epjp mwpf;iffisf; nfhz;L gFg;gha;thsH ------ nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
kW Ma;T
54) tpfpjq;fis xg;gPL nra;jy;> epjp Xl;lk;> nghJ msT> Nghf;F Ma;T Nghd;w
gFg;gha;T fUtp cj;jpfspd; cjtpAld; ------ nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
gFg;gha;T
55) ------ kw;Wk; ntsp egh;fs; vspjpy; KbTfs; vLf;Fk; tifapy; mtHfSf;F
vspjpy; GhpAk; tz;zKk; nghUs; tpsf;fk; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Nkyhz;ikapdH
56) ----- fhyq;fspy; cs;s njhiffs; ,Ug;G epiyf; Fwpg;gpYk;> tUkhd
mwpf;ifapYk; xg;gPl;L epjp epiyia mwpa KbfpwJ.
,uz;L
57) KOikahd njhiffspy; fhzg;gl;l khw;wq;fs; mjdhy; Vw;gl;l ------
khw;wq;fspy; tpOf;fhLfs; Nghd;witfs; ,jpy; fhzg;gLk;.
mjpfhpg;G my;yJ FiwT
58) ----- tpsf;fkhdJ mwpf;if tbtj;jpy; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
nghUs;
59) epjp mwpf;iffspd; gFg;gha;T ----- tifg;gLk;.
Ie;J
60) xNu ------ ,uz;L my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l ,Ug;G epiyf; Fwpg;GfspYs;s xNu
,dq;fs;> ,dq;fspd; njhFg;Gfs; fzf;fplg;gl;l ,dq;fs; Mfpatw;wpd; Nghf;F
gw;wpa Ma;Nt xg;gPlL ; ,Ug;G epiy Fwpg;G MFk;.
epWtdj;jpd;
61) xU vz;Zf;Fk; kw;nwhU vz;Zf;Fk; cs;s njhlHig vz;rhh; $WtNj -------
vdg;gLk;.
tpfpjk;
62) xU vz;iz kw;nwhU vz;zpd; ------- $WtNj tpfpjkhFk;.
klq;fhf
63) xU vz;iz kw;nwhU vz;zhy; -------- nrhy;yyhk;.
tFj;Jk;
64) ------- MfpNahhpd; $w;Wg;gb tpfpjk; vd;gJ ,uz;L ek;gHfSf;fpilNa cs;s
cwit vz;rhh; Kiwapy; $WtjhFk;.
tpf;]d;> nfy;> ngl;Nghh;L
65) tpfpjk; vd;gJ ,uz;L vz;fSf;F ,ilNa cs;s njhlHig --------- mbg;gilapy;
$WtjhFk;.
fzpj
66) ------ gFg;gha;T nra;aTk; mjd; nghUis tpsf;fkhf $wTk; tpfpjg; gFg;gha;T
xU fUtpahfTk; cj;jpahfTk; gad;gLfpwJ.
epjp mwpf;iffis
67) -------- Fwpg;gpl;l KbTfis vLg;gjw;F ,J cjTfpwJ.
tpfpjg; gFg;gha;tpd; ,ay;G
68) tpfpjg; gFg;gha;tpd; ,ay;G ------ epiyfs; cs;sd.
ehd;F
69) ------ jFe;jhw;Nghy epjp mwpf;iffspypUe;J rpy tpfpjq;fis NjHe;njLf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
Nehf;fj;jpw;F
70) NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l nra;jpfspypUe;J nghUj;jkhd ------- fzf;fpl Ntz;Lk;.
tpfpjq;fis
71) ----- Nkw;nryTfs; kw;Wk; tpw;gid kw;Wk; toq;fy; Nkw;nryTfs; epjpj; jpl;lk;
MFk;.
epHthf
72) ------- nghUs; tpsf;fkspj;jy;.
tpfpjq;fSf;F
73) tpfpjq;fspd; nghUs; tpsf;fk; xU -------- tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.
Kf;fpa fhuzpahf
74) xNunahU ------- ve;j tpjg; nghUisAk; nfhLf;fhJ.
tpfpjk;
75) ------ tpfpfspd; njhlHig gbj;jhy; mjd; nghUis ekf;F tpsf;f Ntz;Lk;.
eil Kiw
76) xU tpfpjk; kw;nwhU tpfpjq;fspd; cjtpAld; ------ mspf;fg;glyhk;.
nghUs; tpsf;fk;
77) ------ mNj epWtdj;jpd; fle;j fhy tpfpjq;fSld; xg;gPl;L ghh;g;gjhy; mjd;
nray;ghLfis mwpe;J nfhs;s cjtp Ghpfpd;wJ.
elg;G tpfpjq;fis
78) vjpHfhy tpfpjq;fis fzf;fPL nra;a ------ epjp mwpf;iffspd; mbg;gil
tpfpjq;fspy; fzf;fplyhk;.
jpl;lkplg;gl;l
79) xNu -------- <LgLk; epWtdq;fspd; xNu fhyj;J tpfpjq;fis xU epWtdj;jpd;
tpfpjq;fSld; xg;gPl;L ghh;f;fyhk;.
njhopypy;
80) ------ nra;a tpfpjg; gFg;gha;T kpfr; rpwe;j fUtpahf gad;gLfpwJ.
epjpfis gFg;gha;T
81) ------ fzf;fpay; tpfpjq;fs; gad;gLfpwJ.
Nkyhz;ikapdUf;F
82) epjp mwpf;ifapd; %yk; ngwg;gl;l nra;jpfs; ------- KbTfs; vLf;f tpfpjg;
gFg;gha;T cjTfpd;wJ.
%yk; Nkyhz;ikapdH
83) jpl;lkpLjy; vd;gJ ------ fUj;jpy; nfhz;L jahhpg;gjhFk;.
vjpHfhyj;ij
84) fle;j fhy Mz;Lfspy; cs;s nra;jpfs; %yk; tpfpjg;------nra;jtjd; %yk;
vjpHfhyj;jpy; ,e;j tpfpjq;fspypUe;J nghUs; tpsf;fk; juf;$ba KbTfs;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.
gFg;gha;T
85) tpfpjg; gFg;gha;T epjp Kd; Ma;Tf;Fk;> ------- cjtp Ghpfpd;wJ.
jpl;lkpLjYf;Fk;
86) xU epWtdj;jpd; epjp gyKk; mjd; gytPdKk; .... njhpe;J nfhs;s gad;gLfpwJ.
tpfpjq;fis
87) ------ tpfpjq;fs; cjtpGhptjhy; Nkyhz;ik jpwik kpf;fjhf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.
xUq;fpizg;Gf;F
88) xU epWtdj;jpd; jpwikiaAk; mjd; gytPdj;ij ------ %yk; njhptpf;f
tpfpjq;fs; cjTfpd;wd.
xUq;fpizg;G
89) xU epWtdj;ij ey;y Kiwapy; ------ tpfpjq;fs; cjTfpd;wd.
fl;Lg;gLj;j
90) ------ cs;s tpfpjq;fNshL xg;gPlL ; g; ghh;j;J VNjDk; NtWghLfs; fhzg;gl;lhy;
mjid rhpahd Neuj;jpy; rhp nra;a eltbf;if Nkw;nfhs;s cjTfpwJ.
ju msT
91) cw;gj;jp Nkw;nryTfs; ------ MFk;.
mlf;ftpiy epjpj; jpl;lk;
92) xU njhopypd; epjp eltbf;ifapy; Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fspd; KOf;fijia -------
vspikahf $Wfpd;wJ.
tpfpjg;gFg;gha;T
93) xU epWtdj;jpd; gy;NtW gphpTfspd; ------ xg;gPlL ; ghh;f;f cjTfpd;wJ.
nray;ghl;L jpwid
94) tpfpjg;gFg;gha;T ------- ghJfhf;fpd;wJ.
,ufrpaq;fis
95) ------ ve;j tpjkhd nghUs; tpsf;fk; nfhLf;fhJ.
xw;iw tpfpjk;
96) kw;w ------- xg;gPlL
; ghh;j;jhy; jhd; xU KbTf;F tuKbAk;.
tpfpjq;fNshL
97) xNu Neuj;jpy; mjpfkhd tpfpjq;fis ------ nra;jhy; Fog;gk; jhd; Vw;gLk;.
gFg;gha;T
98) epjpj; jpl;l fhyj;jpw;fhd cw;gj;jpNa Kd; $l;bNa jPHkhdpg;gNj ------ MFk;.
cw;gj;jp epjp jpl;lk;
99) epWtdj;jpd; njhopyhsHfspd; vz;zpf;if ------ Nghd;wtw;wpd; mbg;gilapy;
xg;gPl;L ghh;f;f KbahJ.
,ae;jpu trjpfs;
100) epWtdq;fs; cz;ikapy; ,Ug;gij tpl epjp epiyik ey;y Kiwapy;
,Ug;gjhf ntsp egHfSf;F -------- fhl;Lfpd;wdH.
epjp mwpf;iffs;
101) ------ Nkw;nfhs;Stjhy; ntsp egHfs; ,jid Ghpe;J nfhs;tJ kpfTk; fbdk;.
tpfpjg;gFg;gha;T
102) tpfpjg; gFg;gha;tpy; xU ------- tiuaiw ,y;iy.
epiyahd
103) ------ fle;j fhykhdJ elg;G my;yJ fle;j fhy jd;ikfs; fhzg;gLtjhyl
mjpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.
NjHe;njLj;j
104) vjpHfhy epfo;r;rpapid ------ KbahJ
fzpf;f
105) epjp mwpf;iffs; NghyNt fzf;fpay; gjpTfspy; fle;j fhy jd;ikfs;
fhzg;gLtjhy; mjpy; ------ cs;sd.
FiwghLfs;
106) ------ tpfpjq;fs; ghjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
fzf;fpay; FiwghLfs;
107) -------- eilKiw khw;wj;jpdhy; tpfpjq;fs; jtwhd fUj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;.
epWk fzf;fpaypy;
108) ruf;F ,Ug;G Kiwia ------- Kiwf;F khw;wpdhy; ruf;f xl;l tpfpjKk; kw;w
tpfpjq;fSk; khwf;$Lk;.
LIFO
109) xNu tpfpjj;jpw;F gy egHfis ------ tpsf;fkspf;fpd;wd.
nghUs;
110) jdpegH jq;fSf;F Vw;wg;gb ------ khw;wpf; nfhs;fpd;wdH.
tpfpjq;fis
111) tpfpjq;fs; ------ ,J nray;gLtjpy;iy tpfpjq;fs; mbg;gilapy; ve;j xU
KbTk; Nkw;nfhs;s KbahJ.
khw;WKiwahf
112) ------- Vw;wthW xNu njhopy; nra;Ak; epWtdq;fs; jq;fsJ eilKiwf;F
jFe;jthW fzf;fpay; khw;wk; nfhz;L tUtjhy; gpw epWtdq;fSld;
tpfpjq;fis xg;gPl;L ghh;f;f ,ayhJ.
njhopy; jd;ikf;F
113) ehl;bd; ------- jFe;jhw; Nghd;W tpfpjq;fs; fzf;fplg;gLtjpy;iy.
tpiy khw;wj;jpw;F
114) tpiyapy; fhzg;gLk; khw;wq;fs; ------ gadw;wjhf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.
nghUs; tpsf;fk;
115) tpfpjg; gFg;gha;T ------ kl;LNk vLf;fpd;wd.
msT rhh;e;jitfs;
116) KO msT njhiffs; ------- vLg;gjpy;iy.
juk;
117) tpfpjq;fs; ------ xU rf;jp tha;e;j fUtpahFk;.
epjp mwpf;iff;F
118) tpfpjj;jpw;F Njitahd ------ vz;fSk; ,Ug;G epiy Fwpg;gpy; cs;sd.
,uz;L
119) ,uz;L vz;fSk; -------- vLf;fg;gl;L tpfpjq;fs; fzf;fpl;lhy; mJ ,yhg el;l
fzf;F tpfpjkhFk;.
,yhg el;l fzf;fpy;
120) epjpj;jpl;l fhyj;jpy; vjpHghh;f;fg;gLk; tpw;gidfspd; kjpg;gN
P l --------- vdg;gLk;.
tpw;gid epjpj; jpl;lk;

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,e;jpa Njrpa ,af;fk;

1. gpupl;b~; `T]; Mg; fhkd;]{f;F NjHT nra;ag;gl;l Kjy; ,e;jpaH ahH?

tpil: 1. < 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. M 6. , 7. , 8. M 9. M 10. ,

11. Nldpa fpof;fpe;jpa tzpff; FO epWtg;gl;l ehL?

21. kq;fs;ghz;Nl J}f;fpyplg;gl;l ,lk;

31. 1612y; Mq;fpNyaH vq;F jq;fsJ Kjy; njhopw;rhiyia epWtpdH?

41. ,e;jpahtpy; ngd;rpiy mwpKfg;gLj;jpatH ahH?

51. jpNahrhgpf;fy; nrhi]l;b Kjypy; cUthd ehL

61. 1867 fyfj;jpd;NghJ nly;ypapy; jiyik Vw;wtH?

1. gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; vJ I.eh.tpd; epue;ju cWg;gpdH my;y?

1. khepyq;fspd; nkhopiag; gw;wpf; $Wk; tpjpfs;:

1. gl;bay; I gl;bay; II cld; nghUj;jp> fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s FwpaPLfisf;

,e;jpa murpayikg;G - jfty;fs;

* ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; murpayikg;G rigf; $l;lk; jprk;gH- 9> 1946-k; Mz;L

,e;jpa murpayikg;GKiw ngwg;gl;l ehLfs; kw;Wk; nfhs;iffs;

Ie;J tifahd ePjpg; Nguhizfs;:

1. Ml;nfhzH ePjpg;Nguhiz (Writ of Habeas Corpus) : jtwhf xUtH fhtypy;

FbauRj; jiytupd; mjpfhuq;fs;

3. epjp njhlHghd mjpfhuq;fs;

4. ePjp njhlHghd mjpfhuq;fs; :

* ,e;jpahtpy; 1652-f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l nkhopfs; Ngr;R tof;fpy; cs;sd.

1) tpw;gid Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLtjw;fhf xd;W my;yJ xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l

1) tpsk;guj;jpd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fk;

1) epjp fzf;Ffis Nkyhz;ik nra;tNj --------- vdg;gLk;.

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