Designation: A9S5/A955M - 09a Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Stainless-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement’ Tis nis ed under the ed designation ASSSIADSSM; hme edy Fin te dinaon eas the yer of xighal adopt a he ete fev, the ot a rvs. A cer parece ios he en fs apg ‘Aswpensrespilon 0) ndeatey sn oer change sins tft revson or argv, 1. Seope* 1.1 This specification covers deformed and plain stinless- steel bars for coneretc: reinforcement used in applications requiring resistance to corrosion or controlled! magnetic per ‘meabilty. The standard sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their numerical designation shall be those listed in Table 1 ‘The toxt of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes an footnotes {excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements ofthe specification 1.11. Supplementary requirement (S1) of an optional nature is provided. I shall apply only when specified by the purchaser. In order to obtain a controlled magnetic permeability product, steel conforming to Supplementary Requirement SI should be ordered, 1.2 The chemical composition of the stainless steel alloy shall be selected for suitability to the application invalved by ‘agreement between the manufacturer and tne purchaser. This is ‘an important consideration in achieving the desired corrosion resistance or controlled magnetic permeability, oF both, be: cause these properties are not provided by al stainless steels ‘Note 1 the alloys shown in Tile 2have fond the most sea Noch Amica Otter alloys my also provide desi properties; const with ‘manufacuer for tales ste! alloy propecties aed avai. 1.3 Bars are of three minimum yield sttength levels, narnely, 40 000 (280 MPa], 60 000 [420 MPa}, and 75 000 psi [520 ‘MPa, designated as Grade 40 [280], Grade 60 [420], and Grade 75 [520], respectively. 1.4 Plain rounds in sizes up to and including 2 ia, [50.8 mm] in diameter, when specified for dowels, spirals, structoral ties, and supports, shall be furnished under this specification in Grade 40 (280]. Grade 60 [420}, and Grade 75 [520},respoc- tively, Bending properties, when required, shall be by agree ment between the manufacturer and purchaser. Requirements providing for deformations und marking, shall not be applicable to plain bars. "his spc is ude he juiadiion o ASTM Commitee A01 on Se ‘Stiles Sts st Reta Aloe a he Set esponsbity of Somes ‘ADLDS on Sel Renfoeen=nt Crone mproved Oct. 1, 2009. Polish Nove 200, Orga eppoted i196. Lst pov eon approved in 209 12 ASDSIASSSN [BOK 1OASEMADESSADDSSM ODA, 1.5 Weldablity of most stainless steel compositions is generally good, however, pe-weld or post-weld procedures, or both, ee necessary. Where material is to be welded, a welding procedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended ruse or service shall be used. Retesting of physical properties should be considered following welding procedures depending upon the steel composition and! welding operation involved. [Nowe 2—Itis recommended tht the uter consul the manufactercr for information available from the Nickel Development fastitte (NID) (Toxont, Cara. [6 This specification is applicable for orders in either ‘nch-pound units (as Specification A955) or in ST units (as Specification A9S5M).. 1.7 The values stated in ether ineh-pound or SE units are to garded separately as standard. Within the text, the SL anits are shown in brackets, The values stated in each system are not, ‘exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used inde- pendently ofthe other. Combining values from the two systems ‘may result in nonconformance with the standard, L8 This standard does not purport 10 address all of the safety concems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard t0 establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica bility of regulatory limitations prior 10 use. 2. Referenced Dacuments 2.1 ASTM Standavis:* AGIAGM Specification for General Requirements for Rolled ‘Structural Stee! Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling A2T6 Specification for Stainless Stee! Bars and Shapes AGAZ/AM2M Test Methods for Permeability of Feebly Magnetic Materials A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products AaR4/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Stee! Bars, Billets, and Forgings A510 Specification for Genctal Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Sieel "Por refereed ASTM stants, wt ASTM ae, woewantm er, of suntact ASTI eostomer Serve tsi Bese. Fox Al Dok ef ASTON ‘Soudan Yue lometon le the snd’ Doren! Summary ge ot the ASTRE wba A Sommary of Changes scion appears atthe end ofthis standard. ony AST amore 190 Ba Hor DPOB 700, Cane ren, 4 2 es Bite{fly agssvagssm - 09a TABLE 1 Dalormed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Wolghs (Masses, Nomina Dinenslons, nd Detonation Requirements nal wih, st omar Nominal Dmerions® Detometon Regaroments, A fm i Maes esgratea Dianeie; Grav Sacto Potraer m——_Winum —_Minmamy Newnan Gan z 200 Ses agp sareg rit Area inane] fren) Avago Spacing. Avaragn Peet (Chao 28% Duplex Aye ‘Noni Peamot) Sha osrsnaeq osrapae) ose _anpy 1te~9 omm@—y oops) omoRa 41g aera|torH} © osweitcet) — osootie7] © ogni] «TST OSI 0.50 [8] teO SI] OST Aa} S106] Towa] see] S.0s8/ts7s} OMe (Iso) Ost (too) tes fI8a) —oasr(iiy caso) 0259)81) Sit} 4a fazes] sit 24s) o7s0{t9.4] oad eee) za60 (G88) a5 183) oowsloaT] © oats 3 Tie] -Bosefioce] | 2os0jsom) © oarsizez) aD ae7] 2a [eos] BIR ISS] oe [tra] 4 (85) Stes] ess foes) 271s 47) Leo0(2s4] —o7afst0) ater (98) AODIT?s| © oosnlt27) © aseaB, Sia] cas fs] Saat (e300) saveleT] 1.0065) ae44 000) 700/208] ose ta} ons ta ise} 4av2t6 ate] 4.950604) © 127028) Azria} © saso (i013) saa fans] ose [ta] nr [12a] 11665) S0B(7 880} S.9se(7se4) — Latolasa) © .s6 (tose) 4A0INI25) 887 BS] Ort tao] sto La] 3] ealitar] —r7ziitaa) —Tessfas0) © as |asa) Sz (test} tas [60a] | ose) © ase tes) fisr) __tasopaz —ta7eleoud) 2267 is7ai 00 oset) —_7oottent) —1s8HO] sce ase] hata ta) “Theda and DA Seve basa ona ena o «9859 b> [7H58 4K, Th 300 Sais baw ona nay 40478 DID [TOTES HQT, Otay ‘joe wh lly cotter wich may runs veaton of evra pee ‘The nin ronson of 3 lrmed ars equ! to those & cund bar havng the came weigh (nats po tat fake TABLE 2_Chamical Requirements of Ty TS Compo ocigtion ‘ie Gabon Mangermes __Praapianas Sahn Seon ‘ial Maybdsran _Navogen Som 089 009 +00 Bas O20" as0 a8 O40 sono wee ots Hho om 90% 8.0 aa. 020. 1400 2a as sooo ota oot nam ta aan 210 foo soi otek” on 20 ots a0 80 fo 200000 ato 1400 suiess—18tN sma 200 001s 000010 foc eo0aco oo. ‘sores om 20 oom 00m 4.0 4a: as09s0 Oe "Nias, cles Gharise hesiod ASIOM Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rodis and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metic) ‘A100 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth. cs for Steel Products for Shipment ATI Test Methods, Practices, and Texninology for Chem cal Analysis of Steet Products C192ICL2M Practice for Making snd Curing Concrete Test Specimen in the Laboratory 129 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications GS Terminology Relating 10 Corrosion and Corrosion “Testing 2.2 US. Military Standart? Mil. STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage 23 US. Federal Standard? Fed. St No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) 3. ‘Terminology 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.1.1 deformations, n—iransverse protrusions on a de- Formed bar. * aalibe fm Soadiation Bacunwis Ont Desk. BODSSP, Bly. 4 Section D. 700. Robbie Ate, Pilacephi, PA IDILL-SOBS, pel ee cp. ap 3.12. deformed bar, n—steo bar with protrusions; a bar that, is intended for use a8 reinforcement in reinforced concrete construction 31.21 Discussion —The surface of the bar is provided with Jugs or protrusions that inhibit loagitudinal movement of the bar relative to the conecete suronnding the bar in such construction. Te lgs or protrusions conform tothe provisions ofthis specification 3.13 plain bar, n—stel bar without protons. 3.14 rib, n—longitudinal profusion on a deformed bar. 3.1.5 stainless steel, na steel that contains 1k % oF more ehromiue. 4, Ordering Information 4.1 Ic shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered to this specification. Suef requirements shall include but are not ited to the following: 4.1.1 Quantity (weight) mass) 4.1.2. Name of material (deformed and plain stainless steel bars for concrete reinforcement), 4.13 Chemical composition (stainless steel alloy), 4.14 Heat treatment condition, 4.15 Size, 4.16 Length,AG agssiagssm - 09a 7 Deformed or pluin, 4.1.8 Grade (strength level), 4.19 Descaling method and finish, 4.1.10 Packaging (see Section 24), 4.1.11 Supplementary requirement (if desired), and 4.1.12 ASTM designation and year of issue. ‘5. Materials and Manufacture S.A. The bars shall be rolled from properly identified heats of mold of strand cast steel, 5.2 Bars shall be furnished in one of the following hest treatment conditions, as shown in Specification A276, and as needed to meet the requirements of this specification, 5.2.1 Annealed (A) 5.22 Hot rolled (HR). 5.23 Strain hardened (B). [Nore 3—The mechanical properties ofthe material result fom the heat ‘wet condition ofthe material Any farther heat weatinent of the mate may alter thse properties snd affect thei ability to moet the species strength level Nore treatment shouldbe imposed without retesting to the recurement of hi speciation, 6. Chemical Composition 6.1 The chemical analysis of each heat of steel shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and ‘Terminology A751. The manufacturer shall make the analysis ‘on test samples taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. Such analysis shall meet the chemical composition require- rents specified in Table 2 by the porehaser, 6.2 When specified by the purchaser, an analysis of the product shall be made by tho manufacturer and shall conform to the aralysis tolerances specified in Table 1 of Specification AaSUAI84M, 6.3 An analysis made by the purchaser from the finished product shall mest the specification tolerances of Specification ASBHAASAM, 7. Requirements for Deformations 7.1 Defortations shall be spaced along the bar st substan- tially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite sides of the bar shall be similar in size, shape, and pattern, 7.2 "The deformations shall be placed with respect tothe axis of the bar so thatthe included angle isnot less than 45°, Where the line of deformations forms an included angle with the axis of the bar of from 45 to 70° inclusive, the deformations shall altemately reverse in direction on each side or those on one side shall he reversed in direction from those on the opposite side, Where the line of deformation is over 70°, @ roversal in direetion is not required 7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformations oon each side of the bar shall not exceed seven tenths of the nominal diameter of the bar 7.4 The overall length of deformations shall be such thatthe gap (measured as a chord) between the ends of the deforma- ons shall not excoed 12/4 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar. Where the enls terminate ina rib, the width ofthe rib shall be considered as the gap between these ends. The sumroation of the gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter af the bar, Furthermore, the summation of gaps shall not exceed 25% of the nominal perimeter of the bar, The nominal perimeter of the bar shall be 3.1416 times the nominal diameter, 7.5 ‘The spacing, height, and gap of deformations shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. 8, Measurement of Deformations 8.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be detes- ‘mined by measuring the length of a minimum of ten spaces and dividing that length by the number of spaces included in the ‘measurement, The measurement shall begia from a point on a doformation atthe beginning of the first space to a coreespond: ing poiat on a deformation after the last included space, Spacing measurements shall not be made over a bar area containing bar marking symbols. 8.2 The average height of deformations shall be determined from measurements made on not less than two typieal defer- ‘mations, Determinations shall be based on throo measurements ‘per deformation, one atthe center ofthe overall length and the ‘other two at the quarter points of the overall length. 83 Insufficient height, insufficient ciscumferential cover- age, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not constitute ceause for rejection anless it has been clearly established by {determinations on each lot (Note 4) tested that typical defor mation height, gap, or spacing docs not conform to the ‘minimum requirements prescribed in Section 7. No rejection shall be made on the basis of measurements if fewer thon ten adjacent deformations on each side of the bar are measured. [Nore 4A lo, fr his purpoae, i defined asa he are of one bar number snd petesn of deformation contained in an iodvidaal shipping release or shipping or. 9, Tensite Requirements 9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shall conform (othe requirements for tensile properties prescribed in “Table 3 of by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser 9.2 The yicld strength shall be determined by the offset method (0.2.% offset), as deseribed in Test Methods and Definitions 370 (paragraph 13.2.1). 9.3 The percentage of elongation shall be as prescribed in Table 3. When the uetual percentage of elongation meets or exceeds 25 % of the bending requirements in Section 10 shall be waived. TABLE 3 Tonslle Roquiromonts [Nar [Check with edacer for wrlabity of grades aid sizes, ‘Grae 40260] Gras 60 [2 ode 7520] “amale aon max pal fad 70.000 80) 00 009620) 100 a 600, Yat song. mi, pe Pal 40.00 f280}€0.000 420) 75.000 520} ‘Songetn in 8. 200 ma, ar doigation no. 34,5100, 1,15) 2 » aaa 2 2 » 7.859, 10,38, 1418 2 2 (22, 25, 2,32 96, 43, 5(fl? agss/acssM - 09a 10, Bending Requirements 10.1 The bend test specimen shall withstand being bent around a pin without cracking on the outside radius of the bent Portion. The requirements for degree of bending and sizes of pins are prescribed in Table 4, 10.2 The bend test shall bo made on specimens of suicient length to ensure free bending and with apparatus which provides the following: 10.2.1 Continuous and uniform application of force throughout the duration of the bending operation, 10.2.2 Unrestricted movernent of the specimen at points of ‘contact with the apparatus and bending around a pin free to fotate, and 10.23 Close wrapping of the specimen around the pin ‘during the bending operat 103 Tis permissible to use more severe methods of bend testing, such as placing a specimen across two pins free to rotate and applying the bending force with a fixed pin. When failures occur under more severe methods, retests shall be permitted under the bend-test method prescribed in 10.2 IL. Hardness Requirements 11.1 Martenstic grades shall meet the minimum hardness requirements shown in Specification A276, or other referenced specifications. 12, Corrosion Resistance Requirements 12.1 Tho demonstration of corrosion resistance shall be by the recommended practice in Annex Al or by agreement betweon the manufacturer and the purchaser. 12.2 Corrosion performance as demonstrated in Annex Al shall be performed one time for each stainless steel alloy processed as reinforcement by each manufacturer. Corrosion performance for the alloy shall be redemonstrated if the ‘processing method is significantly altered, 13, Magnetie Properties 13.1 Contolled magnetic permeability shall be specified by invoking Supplomentary Requirement SI 14, Permissible Variation in Weight [Mass} 14.1 Deformed reinforcing bars shall be evaluated! on the basis of nominal weight {mass}, The weight (mass) determined tasing the measurec| weight [mass] of the lest specimen and rounding, in accordance with Practice E29, shall be atleast 94 % of the applicable weight [mass] per unit prescribed in TABLE 4 Bond Test Requirements cy in Oar fo Dane Ta Designaton No. “ae 40 (B80) Grade 60420] Grado 75820) 5 me med 18,18) so sa ws 7,810,251 Be 5a Sion ta 19 (28, 2.2), 14,18 49,57 a 6 os get wands i ues nolod aaron. grea sel specimen ‘Table 1. In no case shall overweight [excess mass] of any deformed bar be the cause for rejection. Weight (mass) variation for plain rounds shall be computed on the basis of ‘permissible variation in diameter. For plain rounds smaller than % in. [9.5 mm, use Specification AS1O [Specification ASIOMI. For larger bars up to and including 2 in, [50.8 mm], tase Specification A6/AGM, 142 The specified limit of variation shall be evaluated in accordance with Practice E29 (rounding method). 18, Finish 15.1 ‘The bars shall be free of detrimental surface impertec- 15.2 Seams, surface irregularities, of mill oxidation shall not be cause for rejection, provided the mass, dimensions, ‘ross-sectional area, and tensile properties of a test specimen fre not less than the requirements of this specification. 153 Surface imperfections other than those specified in 15.1 shall be considered detrimental when specimens contain- ing such imperfections fail 10 confonm 10 either tensile or bending requirements 15.4 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, after rolling, the bats shall be pickled to remove mill scale and surface oxidation. Nox 5—Poting tas bean shown ty Be needed for te corosion coves of mos inks eal enforces 16. Number of Tests 16.1 For all ar sizes, one tension test, one bend test if reatired (see 6.3), and one sot of dimensional property tests including bar weight [mass] and spacing, height, and gap of deformations shall be made of each bar size rolled fora exch heat and of the same heat weatment condition, 16.2 For marensitic material, two hardness tests shall bo taken per lot of material. A manufacturing lot is defined as material from one heat of material heat treated in one furnace at one time. For continuous furnaces used for tempering or aging, manufacturing lois defied as material from ove heat ‘of material eat treated in one cantinaous ran but nat to exceed 10 000 tbs (4500 ke} 17, Retests 17.1 If the results of an original tension specimen fail to sect the specified minimum requisements and are within 2000 psi [14 Mo] of the required tensile strength, within 1000 psi (7 Ma of the reqited yield strength, or within two percent age units ofthe required elongation, a fetest shall be permitted cn two random specimens for each original tension specimen failure from the lot. All retest specimens shall mect the requirements ofthis specification 17.2 If bend test fils for reasons other than mechanical reasons oF flaws in the specimen as desebed in 17.5.2 and 1753, a retest shall be peritled on two random specimens from the same ot. Both retest specimens shall meet the requirements of this specification. The retest shall be per formed an test specimens that ae tsi temperature but not less than 60°F (16°C), 173 Wavweight {mass tet fils for reasons other than flaws in the specimen as described in 17.53, a retest sball beAf agssiagssm - 09a permitted on two random specimens from the same lot. Both retest specimens shall meet the requirements of this specifica tion, 174 Ia corrosion resistance test fils for reasons other than flaws as described in 17.5.3, a retest shall be pormitted on twe random specimens from the same lot, Both retest specimens shall meet the requirements of this specification. 17S the original test or any of the random retests fails because of any reasons listed in 17.5.1, 17.5.2, oF 17.5.3, the ‘et shall be considered an invalid test: 175.1 The elongation property of any teasion test specimen is less than that specified, and any part ofthe fracture is outside the middle half ofthe gage length, as indicated by scribe marks ‘on the specimen before testing, ‘Nore. 6—Marking specimens with mtiglesxbe or pach masks can ‘edice the gecrrence of fracture outside or near these marks and the weed Far dectring the tes avai 17.5.2. Mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equip ‘meat of improper specimen preparation, 175.3 Flaws are detected in a test specimen, either before or during the performance of tho test. 17.6 The original results from sections 17.5.1, 17.5.2, or 17.53 shall bo discard and the test shall be repeated on a new specimen from the same lot 18, Test Specimens 18.1 Tension fest specimens shall be the fall section of the bar as rolled. The unit stress shall e based on the nominal bar 18.2 ‘The bend test specimens shail be the full section of the bag rolled 19, Report 19.1 The following information shall be reported on a per heat or por lot basis as is appropriate. 19.1.1 Stainless steel type and name, 19.1.2 Chemical composition snd product check (if appro- priate), 19.13 Heat treat condition, 19.14 Descaling method and finish, 19.15 Bar size, 19.6 ‘Tensile properties, 19.1.7 Bend test Gf required), 19.18 Hardness (if appropriate), 19.1.9 Comrasion test (if appropriate), and 19.1.10 Magnetic permeability (if appropriate). 19.2 A Matetial Test Report, Certificate of Inspection, or similar document printed from of used in electronic form from faa electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall be regarded as having the same validity as « counterpart printed in the certifier’s facility, The content of the EDI transmitted document must meot the requirements of the invoked ASTM, standard(s) and conform to any EDI agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. Notwithstanding the sbsence of a signature, the organization submitting the EDI transmission is responsible for the content of the report [Nors 7—he industry definition invoked har is: EDL is the computer to computer excinge of business information i & standard format such se ANSTASC Xi2, 20, Inspection 20.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have free entry at all times while work on the contract of the purchaser is being performed to all parts ofthe manufacturer's ‘works that eoncom the mannfacture of the material ordered. ‘The manufacturer shall afford the inspector access to all reasonable facilities to satisfy him or her thot the material is being fornished in accordance with this specification, All tests (except product analysis) and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacrre prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified, and shall be conducted so as not to intestere unnecessarily with the operation of the works. 20.2 For Government Procurement Only—Except as other- ‘wise specified in the contract, the contractor is responsible for the performance of all inspection and test requirements speci- fied herein, The contractor shall be permitted to use ones own for any other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection and test requirements specified herein, unless dis- approved by the purchaser at the time of purchase. The purchaser shall have the right to perform any of the inspections ‘nd tests at the same frequency as sct forth inthis specification ‘where such inspections are deemed nevessary t assure that the ‘material conforms to the prescribed requirements. 21. Rejection 21.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection based on tests ‘macle in accordance with 6.3 shall be reported to the manutfac- turer within five days from the receipt of samples by the purchaser. 21.2 Material that shows injurious defects subsequent to its acceptance atthe manufacturer's works will be rejected nd the suanafaetoer shall be notified. 22, Rehearing 22.1 Samples tested in accordance with 6:3 that represent rejected! material shall be preserved for two weeks from the date rejection is reported to the manufacturer. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the tests, the manufacturer shall have the right to make claim for a cehearing within that time, 23. Marking 23.1 When loaded for mill shipment, bars shall be propery separated and tagged with the mannfacturer's heat or test ideatitication number. 24.2 Each manufacturer shall identify the symbols of his or ber marking system. 23.3 All bars produced to this specification shall be iden fied by distinguishing marks legibly rolled onto the surface af cone sido of the bar to denote in the following order: 23.3.1 Point of Origin—Latter or symbol established as the ‘manofacturer’s mill designation 23.3.2 Size Designation—Arabic number comresponding 0 bar designation aumber of Table 1 23.4 In addition tothe bar marks, the following information shall be tagged on each bundle:Af) agssvacssm - 09a 23.4.1 Siainless-steel alloy, and 23.4.2. Heat treat condition, and 23.4.3 Grade (conesponing to minimum yield steengen leveb, and Budd Meets Supplementary Requirement $1, if apprope- ate, 23.5 For plain rounds, no rolled on symbols are required and ail of the above information shall be tagged 24, Packaging and Package Marking 24,1 Packing, marking, and loading for shipment shall be in accordance with Practices A700. SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREME! 24.2. When specified in the contract or order, and for ditect procurement by oF direct shipment to the U.S. Government, ‘marking for shipment, in addition to requirements specified the contract or order, shall be in accordance with MIL-STD- 129 for military agencies and with Fed, Std, No, 123 for civil agencies. 25. Keywords 25.1 concrete reinforcement; corrosion resistance; deform: ns (protrusions); magnetic propettics; stainless steel bars ‘The following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified in the purchase onder or SI. Magnetic Permeability Testing S11 (See 13.1.) When material of a low permeability is desired, the porchaser shall specify that the material be tested {to Test Methods A342/A342M. The specific limits of magnetic permeability shall be matter of agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. ANNEXES: (Mandatory Tnformation) A. EVALUATION OP CORROSION RESISTANCE ALL The corrosion resistance of the reinforcing steel, including the method of removing the mill scale, shall be evaluated based on either AL.2 or ALB. AL2 Using a macrocell test of bare bars in a simulated concrete pore 15 % soxium chloride solution over a 15-week period, as specified in Annex A2, the average corrosion rate for minimum of five specimens shall at no time during the test 42, RAPID MACROCELL A2A Scope A2.L.1 This test method describes procedures to measure the corrosion rate and corrosion potential of concrete reinfore- ing steel using the rapid macrocell test. A22 ‘Test Equipment and Materials A22.1 Plastic Containers—Two 4.5-quart [4.5-L] plastic ‘containers per test, approximately 7 in. [180 mm} in diameter by 7.5 in. [190 mm] in depth for each test setup, ‘42.2.2 Voltmeter—High impedance voltmeter (at least one Molin) capable of measuring 0.001 mv. A223 Reference Electrode—A saturated calomel elec trode, a8 defined in Practices GS, exceed 0.25 jumn/year, with no single specimen exceeding a comosion rate of 0.50 um/year ALB. Using a cracked beam test aver a 75-week period, as specified in Annex A3, the average corrosion rate for a minimum of five speciinens shall at no time during the test ‘exceed 0.20 ym/year, with no single specimen exceeding a ‘corrosion rate of 0.50 pm/year A224 Resistor—10-ohm (+ 0.3 chm) electrical resistor. 42.2.5 Terminal Box—Terminal boxes are used to make the electrical connections between the test specimens, Each termi= nal box consists of a project box with a minimum of 6 pairs of Dinding posts (identified here as red and black). A 10-ohm, resistor connects each pair of binding posts in the terminal boxes. A226 Wire—16-gauge [1.5 mm] insulated copper wire is ‘used to make the electrical connections to the bars. ‘42.2.7 Epoxy Coating —A two-part epoxy coating (such as sed to as patching material for epoxy-coated bars) shall be ‘used t0 cover the electrical connections. It shall he applied ia faccordavee with manufacturer's recommendations.AG} agss/aessm - 090 A228 Concrete Pore Solution—Simulated concrete pore solution is prepared as follows: One litre of pore solution contains 974.8 g of distilled water, 18.81 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH), 17.87 g of sodium hydcoxide (N2OH), A229 Sodium Chloride Solution—The sodium chloride solution is prepared by adding 172.1 g of sodium chloride (NaC: to one liter of simulated concrete pore solution to obtain 815 % (6.04 molal ion) concentration solution, A22.10 Salt Bridges—Salt bridges provide an ionic path between the solations surrounding the cathode and the anode. ‘The salt bridges shall be prepared as follows: A salt bridge consists of a flexible latex tube with an inner diameter of % in (9.5:mm), illed with a gel. The ge is made using 45 g of agar, 30 g of potassium chloride (KCI, and 100 g of distilled water, ‘enough to proce 4 salt bridges, each witha length of 2 [0.6 rm}, Salt bridges are prepared by mixing the constituents and heating them over @ bummer or hotplate for about I min or uni the solution starts to thicken. The gel is poured into the latex tubes using a funnel. The salt bridges are then placed in boiling water for one hour, keeping the ends of the tubes out of the water. After boiling, the salt bridges are allowed to cool until firm. To provide an adequate ionic path, the gel in the salt bridge must be continaoos, without any si bubbles. A221 Air Sorubber—Air is bubbled into the simulated ‘concrete pore solution surrounding the eathode in the macro- cells to provide enough oxygen for the eathodie reaction. An air scrubber is used to minimize carbonation of the pore solution by eliminating the carbon dioxide from the air, To prepare the air scrubber, a 5-gal [20-L] container is partially filled with a I-M sodium hyeroxide solution. Compressed air is channeled into the scrubber and out to the specimens through latex tubing, The peoceduve for preparing the air scrubber is as follows: (1) Two barbed fittings are inserted on the top of the container. 2) AS ft [1.5 os) piece of plastic tubing is cut. On ove end of the tubing, 4 f [1.2 m] is pesforated with a knife, making (typically, hundreds of holes to allow the air to produce small, bubbles. The end of the tubing closest (0 the holes is sealed with a lamp, (3) "The tubing end with the holes is coiled at the bottom of ‘he container and tap rock i used to hold down te tubing, The other end of the tubing is connected tothe inside part of one of the barbed ftings, (4) The other side of the barbed fiting is connected to a plastic tube, which is connected to the compressed air outlet (5) Another piece of plastic tubing is connected to the ‘outside of the other barbed iting. The air is distribated to the solution surrounding the cathodes using | {10.3 m] lengths of Iatex tubing snd polypropylene T-shaped connectors (6) Screw clamps are placed to regulate the amount of aie bubbled into each contsincr. (7) Distilled water is periodically added to the containes to sroplace water that is lost due to evaporation, NaOH is added, if necessary, to maintain the pHT of the solution above 12.5. A23 Test Specimen Preparation A23.1 Reinforcing bars used inthis test should be prepared ‘in the same manner, including surface treatment, as it will be offered to the purchaser A23.2_An individual specimen (bare bat) shall consist of a 5 in, {125 mm] long, No. 5 {No. 16] reinforcing bar. Sharp ‘edges on the bar ends shall be removed with a grinder, and the bar shall be drilled and tapped at one end to receive’ a Yin [10-mmn] long 10-24 threaded stainless steel bolt, which is used to connect the copper wire to the bat, The bar shall be then cleaned with acetone to remove oil or dust from the bar surface. A 16-gauge [J.5 mm] insalated copper wire shall be attached (0 the top of the bar. The connection shall be covered ‘with two layers of epoxy to prevent crevice corrosion. Fach layer should bo cured for a minimum of four hours. |A24 Test Method A24.1 The macrocell test, shown in Fig, A2.1, consists of ‘an anode and a cathode, The cathode shall consist of two are ‘bars in simulated concrete pore solution. The anode shall consist of one bare bar in simulated concrete pore solution with 15 % NaCl (6.04 molal ion concentration). The solutions shall be changed every five weeks. The test shall be run for 15 weeks at room temperature, 68 to 76°F [20 to 24°C), A242 Atthe anode, simulated concrete pore solution with [NaCl shall be placed in a container to a depth of 3 in. (75 mm). (One bar shall be placed in the center ofthe container, esting on the bottom of the container. ‘The top of the bar shall be supported with the container lid, which shall be placed just above the water level. The free end of a copper wire shall be attached to the specimen and to a black binding post in a terminal box. Another container shall be filled with simulated cconerete pore solution without NaCl to a depth of 3 in. (75 mm), Two bars shall be placed in the container fo act as the cathode, The bars shall be fixed in place with the lid. The free coads of copper wires shall be attached to the specimens and to ‘third wice that has its otber end attached to axed binding post in a terminal box. Air, serubbed to remove carbon dioxide (CO,), shall be bubbled into the solution surrounding. the ‘cathode specimens to provide enough oxygen for the cathodic reaction. A salt bridge shall connect the solutions surrounding the cathode and the anode, 424.3 The voltage drop shall be measured across the 10-ohim resistor that completes the macrovell cirenit by com necting the black binding post to the red binding post in the terminal box. The negative terminal of the voltmeter shall be connected to the black binding post and the positive terminal of the voltmeter shall be connected to the red binding post. After the voltage drop has been measured, the anodes shall be disconnected from the terminal box. ‘Nwo hours after being. disconnected, the corrosion potentials of the anode and the cathode shall be measured by placing the saturated calomel electrode in the solution surrounding the bar and connecting it to the positive terminal on the voltmeter and the bar (cathode cr anode) to the negative terminal of the voltmeter. Readings shall be taken once a day for the first seven days ofthe test and weekly, thereafter.ily asss/aossm - 09a Votmeter \ -Terminal Box Lid i bed Simulated Pore tod 21 Solution with NaC} ‘Simulated Pore IF Solution — tS Scrubbed air AG. A2.1 Schematic of itacroeal Test with Bare Bare A244 The voltage drop obtained from the macrocell wead- ings shall be converted to a cortosion rate (in yunvyeae) using the following equation: - ns, Oy Rae = 116.4, = any whee corrosion curent deasity (wA/em"), vollage drop across resistor (mY), resistance of the resistor (ohm), and A= area of exposed metal at the anode bar (om. A25 Report A2.5.1 The following information shall be reported for each test setup: ‘A252 ‘Type and source of the reinforcing bars, and descrip tion of the surface proparation ‘A253 Individual readings of voltage drop and the ealew lated value of corrosion rate, A2.S4 Individual readings of corrosion potential for anode and cathode with respect to the saturated calomel electrode. AB. CRACKED BEAM TEST ABI Seope AB.LA This test method describes procedures te: measure the corrasion rate and corrosion potential of reinforcing bars in concrete using the cracked beam test. A32 ‘Test Equipment and Materials ‘A3.2.1 Voltmeter—High impedance voltmeter (at lenst one ‘Mohm) capable of measuring 0.001 mV. A322 Reference Electrodes—Saturated calornel electrode and copper-copper sulfate electrode, as defined in Practices Gis, A323 Resisror—10-obm (+ 0,3 ol) electrical resistor. A3.2.4 Terminal Box—Terminal boxes see used to make tho clecttcal connections between the test specimens. Each termi- al box consists of a project box with a minimum of 6 pairs of, binding posts (identifid here es red and black). 10-ohm resistor connects cach pair of binding posts in the terminal boxes. A325 Wire—16-gauge [1.5 mm used fo make the electrical connections to the bars. 32.6 Epoxy Sealer—A two-part epoxy sealer sball be used to cover the sides of the specimens and the clectical connections. It shall be applied in accordance with mamufac- ‘urer’s recommendations.* “Chlpad 618 mede by Caleta Seve Goud HBS 100 Epon Lines ade boy BASH Coststion Chon, hare Bean found tbe rofl fr i pin yo uv aware applies, less vie rs ners 10 ‘ASTI intonond eodgvares You comets wl sive caret conser ‘ion at a meeting of he espn sal come WS yeu ay ndAfi aoss/agssm - 090 A3.2.7 Souliwn Chloride Solution—The 15 % sodium chlo- ride solution is propared by adding 150 g of NaCl to 850 g of distiled or deionized water |AA3 Test Specimen Preparation ‘A33.1 The procedures for preparing cracked beam speci mens (see A3.4.1 and Fig. A3.1) shall be as follows: ‘A3.3.2 No. 5 [No. 16} bars shall be cut to a length of 12 in, (300 mm A3.3.3. Sharp edges on the ends of the bars shall be removed with a grinder. A334 The ends of the bars shall be drilled and tapped to receive a ¥6-in. [10-mmj long 10-24 threaded stainless steel bolt. The bolt is used to hold the bars in place during casting ‘and to make an electrical connection daring the testing period. ‘A335 The bas shall be cleaned with acetone to remove dust and oil. ‘A3.3.6 Mineral oil shall be applied to the forms prior to placing the bars in the forms, [50 mm] | [50 mm] ' [50 mm] 6.0 in. [150 mm] —! A33.7 A 12-mil [0.30-mm} thick, 6-in, [150-mm} Tong stainless steel shim shall be fixed on to the bottom part of the form so that the shim is located underneath and parillel to the top bar, ‘A338 The bars shall be bolted into the forms. The spect- ‘meng are cast upside down to allow for the integral concrete dam to be east atthe same time. ‘A3.3.9 The conerete in the test specimens shall be propor- tioned on a eubie yard [oubic metres] basis with the following ‘constituents: 598 th [355 kg] of Type I portland cement, 270 Ib (160 kg] of water, normalweight fine aggregate constituting 32.5 % of the total concrete volome, normalweight % in, (19 rom] nominal maximum size coarse aggregate constituting 34 % of the total concrete volume, and 6 = 1 % air content by volume, The concrete shall be cast and cured using the following procedure: (1) The concrete shall be mixed according to Practice cis2/c192M. Voltmeter Tin. [180 mm] 1 in, [25 mm] FIG, Ad.t Side View of Cracked Beam Specimen 9df agss/acssm - 09a (2) The specimens shall be cast in an inverted position in ‘two layers. Fach layer shall he vibrated for 30 s on a vibrating table with an amplitude of 0.0006 in, [0.15 mm] and a frequency of 60 hz. (3) Afier the second layer is vibrated, the surface of the specimen shal be finished using a wooden ot. (4) The specimens shall be cured in the forms for 8 to 24 (5) After the initial curing period, the specimens shall be removed from the molds, and the stainless steel shims shall be removed. The specimens shall be placed in a plastic bag with distlled water until 72 h after exsting and then removed from the bags and cured in air for 25 days, A33.10 Several days before the testing period stars, 16- ‘gauge [1.5 mm] insulated copper wire shall be attached t the ‘bars in the specimens using Yin. [10-mm) long 10-2 threaded stainless stec! bolts. The vertical sides of the speci ‘mens shall then be covered with two Tayers of the epoxy sealer, ‘Tho electrical connections on the sides shall also be thoroughly ‘costed to prevent crevice corrosion or galvanic corresion from ‘occuring, A33.11 The top of the specimens shall be lightly sanded with 150-grit sand paper. ‘A3.3.12 The specimens shall be supported on two pieces of| wood, atleast 2 in. [50 mm] thick, to allow air to fow under the specimens. ‘A3.3.13 The top layer of steel shall then be connected to a red binding poston the tervainal box, while the bottom layer of steel is connected to a black binding post ABA Test Method A3.4,1 The eracked beam specimen (see Fig. A3.1) shal be 6 in. [150 mm] wide, 7 in. [175 mm] high, and 12 in. (300 mm] long * 0.25 in, [6 mm] for any dimension. It shall contain one No. 5 [No. 16] bar in the top mat electrically connected acvoss 1 10-obm (0.3 ohm) resistor to two No. 5 (No. 16) bars inthe ‘bottom mat. A crack shall be simulated in the concrete parallel to and above the top bar using a 0.012 + 0.001 in, (0.30 # 0.02 mmm} thick, 6 + 0.25 in, (150 + 6 mm] long stainless steel sto, cast into the conercte and removed 20 to 28 b after casting, The concrete cover to the top and bottom steet shall be. 1 0.04 in, (25 © t mm) A3A.2 The test procedute for the cracked beam specimens shall proceed as follows bewinning 28 days after casting, (1) On the first day of a cycle, the specimens shall be ponded with a 15 % sodiumn cliloride solution at room tem- perature, 68 t0 76°F [20 to 24°C], This solution shall be left on the specimen for 4 days +3 h. Evaporation will be limited if the specimens ave covered with plastic. (2) On the fourth day ofa cycle, the voltage drop across the 0-ohm resistor connecting the two mats of stecl shall be recorded for each specimen. The 10-olim resistor completes the ‘macrocell cireuit by connecting the black binding post fo the red binding past in the terminal box. ‘The negative terminal of the voltmeter shall be connected to the black binding post and the positive terminal of the voltmeter shall be connected to the red binding post. (3) The voltage drop obtained from the macrocell readings shall be converted to a corrosion rate (in m/yeat) using Eq ALA (2) After the voltage drop has been measured, the circuit sball then be disconnected, Two hours after disconnecting the specimens, the solution on top of the specimens shall be removed with a vacuum cleaner, and the corrosion potentials with respect to a coppec-copper sulfate electrode (CSE) of the top and bottom mats of stecl recorded. (5) After the readings have beea taken, a heat tent shall be placed over the specimens to maintain a temperature of 100 + 3°F [38 + 2°C}. ‘The specimens shall remain under the heat tent for 3 days 3 h. (6) After 3 days, the tent shall be removed and the specimens shall again be ponded with w 15 % sodium chloride solution and the cycle started again, (7) The wet-dry cycle shall be repeated for 12 weeks. The specimens shall then be subjected to 12 weeks of continuous ponding, During this period the solution shalt not removed and the specimens shall not placed under the heat tents. ‘The solution depth shall be maintained by adding additional sodium chloride solution. The voltage drop across the 10-ohm tesistor shall be taken once a week as described in A34.2(2) (8) After 12 weeks of continuous ponding, the drying and ponding cycle shall be repeated for 12 weeks, followed by 12 ‘weeks of continuous ponding. The 24-week eyele shall be repeated to camplete 60 weeks of testing. [Nore A.1—Reenis the specimens te pond the cartosion pte chring this period should be taken with respect to a stated calomel Teferce elaetode (SCE) inser’ of & CSE, sine the SCE is mere ‘convenient when the elezode has toe immersed in soltion, Readings taken withthe SCE ae sbout 0075 V more positive than those aken with the CSB. [Nore A3.2-—Itis common peaetioe to continue tho tet fora total of 96 weeks ABS Report A35.1 Type and source of reinforcing bars, and description ‘of surface preparation, ‘A3.5.2 Individual readings of voltage drop and calculated value of eatrosion rate, ‘A353 Individual readings of corrosion potential for anode and cathode with rospect to the saturated calomel electrode.AGP agss/agsst - 09a SUMMARY OF CHANGES: Committee AOL has identified the Tocation of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (AD9S/A995M —09) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Oct. 1, 2009.) (2) Revised 2.1 and 6.1, @) Revised Table 2. Committee AOI has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the tas (ADSS/AOSSM ~ 07a) that may iropact the use of this standard. (Approved May 1, 2009.) (Z) Deleted Table Footnote A under Table 1 and relabeled (2) Revised 9.2 and ‘ble 3. ‘subsequent foomotes. ASTM hina teks 0 posi espa the vay of ay patent gis assorted in camecton with ay tom anonsd Inte sandor Unrest ar expr) Sid Ma Strata i ayo euch ICE, ae sk riding of such his, a0 ensoy te one ropa 1 staat et to reson sr Sete repre etna conte eed must be ele avery tno yours anid itoctronsed te reapprovadar naan Yow Soman are fred aor oon of Ps stardat a aaa erase ‘ns shout boadereeed (9 ASTI iterators Headqaras. Yeurconirants ail ave carol consceaton at recing of te espanabietechoical ection wish you mayan you fe at yur corer have ot ecaed fa hearing you sho ‘mata your vows known foe ASTI Comrie on Sanaards, et fo aes shaw Peo "His stands copyod by ASH iemaenal, 100 Bar Harter Orve, FO Boe C7E0, Wes! Conshohectan, PA 10428-2989, Unter Sos. ect ris (angle lps capes) of his sande may bo obtaiad by ootacny AST a fhe bow addese or a! 610-822.5585 (cron), 618320555 (an, or seniceBesinorg femal or frcugh tno ASTM vwedste (rans).