InternetofThings

2560

Outline
InternetofThing
Definition,IoT Architecture
Arduino Platform
Digital&AnalogInputOutput
LCD,I2C,Ethernet
InternetofthingsProtocol
MQTTProtocol,Websocket
BuildingIoT withArduino
NodeMCU
BasicforNodeMCU
BuildingIoT withNodeMCU
RaspberryPi
BasicforRaspberryPi
MQTTBroker
LocalBroker&PublicBroker
2
 WhatisInternetofThings
InternetofThings IEEE 27May2015
(IEEE_IoT_Towards_Definition_Internet_of_Things_Revisi
on1_27MAY15.pdf)

AnIoT isanetworkthatconnectsuniquelyidentifiable
ThingstotheInternet.TheThingshave
sensing/actuationandpotentialprogrammability
capabilities.Throughtheexploitationofunique
identificationandsensinginformationabouttheThing
canbecollectedandthestateoftheThingcanbe
changedfromanywhere,anytime,byanything.
 WhatisInternetofThings
InternetofThingsfeatures
InterconnectionofThings
ConnectionofThingstotheInternet
UniquelyIdentifiableThings
Ubiquity
Sensing/Actuationcapability
Embeddedintelligence
InteroperableCommunicationCapability
Selfconfigurability
Programmability

InternetofThings IoT

IoT Industry
4.0

IoT
1)
2)
Zigbee,6LowPAN,LowpowerBluetooth
3)
BigDataAnalytics

:
 TheIoT:DifferentServices,Technologies,MeaningsforEveryone[1]
Source:http://www.mouser.com/applications/iotreality/?cm_mmc=PressReleasePR_Mouser_IoT_Site_Update_20150701

IoT LayerArchitecture

ITUTY.2060
 IoT LayerArchitecture
Thedevicelayerliedevices(sensors,actuators,RFIDdevices)and
gatewaysusedtocollectthesensorreadingsforfurtherprocessing

Thenetworklayerprovidesthenecessarytransportandnetworking
capabilitiesforroutingtheIoT datatoprocessingplaces.

Thesupportlayerisamiddlewarelayerthatservestohidethe
complexityofthelowerlayerstotheapplicationlayerandprovide
specificandgenericservicessuchasstorageindifferentforms
(databasemanagementsystemsand/orcloudcomputingsystems)
andmanyotherservicessuchastranslation.

TheapplicationlayercontainsIoT applications.

TheInternetofThingsProtocolstack fromsensorsto
business value

Souce:https://entrepreneurshiptalk.wordpress.com/2014/01/29/theinternetofthingprotocolstackfromsensorstobusinessvalue/
TheInternetofThingsProtocolstack from
sensorstobusiness value

Connectivitylayer: Whatkindofphysicalconnectorsyou
canfind.RS232,RS485,ModBus,USB(asaconnectortype,
notthecommunicationprotocol),SPI,ODB2(inCars)

LinkProtocol: Howdothosedeviceactuallysendthedata.
Ethernet802.3,Wifi 802.11a/b/g/n,BlueTooth,BLE,Dash7,
ZigBee,RFid,GSM,6LoWPAN,802.14.5e.

Transport: IPv4,IPv6andalsoadded6LoWPANand RPL

despitethefactthattheyarebothbasedonIpv6.

TheInternetofThingsProtocolstack from
sensorstobusiness value
Session/Communication: Thissectionisaninteresting
bunchwithalotofnewprotocolsthathavebeenbuildfor
superhighvolumesandlargenetworksofthings.Themost
famousrightnowisMQTT, alsofindCoAP (kindofaREST
BasedprotocolbutmuchmoreefficientthanitsHTTP
counterpart),DDS,XMPP andAMQP thatareallwellsuited
forIoT andwillmapdifferentusecases.

DataAggregation/Processing: Thisiswhereitgets
reallyinteresting.Whendevicesenddata,lotsofdata,you
needanendpointtodosomethingwithit.Beitprocessingit
inrealtime(withStorm),butatminimumgettingthedata
andsendingitsomewhereelseatverylargescale,which
Kafka isagreatexampleof.Othersolutionexistslike
RapidMQ,Scribe,Plume,Luxun.
TheInternetofThingsProtocolstack from
sensorstobusiness value

DataStorage/Retrieval: TherealmofBigDatabackend
andNoSQL solutions.Hadoop,HBase,MongoDB and
Cassandra dominatethefield.

BusinessModel: Thislayeristryingtocapturethefact
thatbusinessvalueandbusinessprocessesalwaysrelyonan
underlyingbusinessmodel. OpenorClosed,Integratedor
platform,directsalesorindirect,cloudbasedoronpremise
(orprivatecloud),ondemandpricing,etc.

IoT SmartXApplication
 SmartEnergy

SmartTransport
Smartbuilding

SmartHealth
1.1BasicComponentsofcomputer

input/output
monitor
Mouse,keyboard
Portusb,serial,parallel

CentralProcessorUnit

Harddisk
RAM
 Microcontrollers
Memory
ROMRAM
CPU

Input/Output

Subsystems:
Timers,Counters,Analog
Asinglechip Interfaces,I/Ointerfaces

Microcontroller Micro Controller

Microcontroller
microcontroller CPU,
memory Port IC

Microcontroller

1.CPU() : CPU

2.Memory():
ProgramMemory DataMemory Program
Memory Harddisk
DataMemory RAM

22
 Microcontroller

3.Port(): 2 Input Output

Input Switch,Sensor
Output LED
LCD

4.Bus():
CPU,Memory Port DataBus,
AddressBus ControlBus

23

Wherewecanfindmicrocontroller?
 1.2
MCS51 (8bit) intel
MCS96 (16bit) intel
PIC MicrochipTechnology
AVR Atmel
ARM ARMHoldings
68HC11 Motorola
Rabbit2000 RabbitSemiconductor

25

1.3 AVR
2 8bitAVR 32bitAVR
AVR 8
AVR ATMEL 1996
RISC(ReducedInstructionSetComputer)
Harvard

Flash
SRAM
EEPROM

26
 1.4 AVR 8
tinyAVR

megaAVR ATmega

Tiny

27

XMEGA A/D10
12 DMAcontroller
I/O

FPSLIC(AVRcorewithFPGA)



(HDL:HardwareDescriptionLanguage)
VHDL Verilog
AVRcore
28
 ApplicationSpecificAVR
USB
controller CANbus

AVR

29

1.5.1ATmega168
FLASH 16 Kbyte
SRAM 1Kbyte
EEPROM 512 byte
I2Cbus
20 ports

/ 8 2 16 1
PWM 6
10 6

1.85.5 Volts
20 MHz

30
 ATmega168

31

1.5.2ATmega328
FLASH 32 Kbyte
SRAM 2 Kbyte
EEPROM 1 Kbyte
I2Cbus
22 ports

/ 8 2 16 1
PWM 6
10 8

1.85.5 Volts
20 MHz

32
 ATmega328

33

1.6Platform
Platform Hardware Software
Application
Hardware

CPU x86 x8664
Software

MicrosoftWindows,MacOSXx86 ,MacOSX
PowerPC,Linuxx86,JavaPlatform

34
 1.7WhatisArduino ?[1]
Arduino AVR Open
Source platform
DevelopmentBoard microcontroller AVR
IDE IDE Java
OS Linux,MACOS,Windows
IDE library Arduino

AVR Firmware
Firmware Compile IDE

35

WhatisArduino ?[2]

36
1.7.1Arduino HardwareVariety

37

1.7.2.Arduino Software

38
 1.7.3 - Arduino

- c++ OOP
- ISP microcontroller
-
-
- opensource
Library

- c++

39

40
2.

arduinocube

42
 2.1 Arduino
(DevelopmentCircle)

43

2.2Arduino Language
LanguageisstandardC(butmadeeasy)
corefunction
DigitalI/O AdvancedI/O Math RandomNumbers
pinMode() tone() min() randomSeed()
digitalWrite() noTone() max() random()
digitalRead() shiftOut() abs()
AnalogI/O shiftIn() constrain()
analogReference() pulseIn() map()
analogRead() Time pow()
analogWrite() PWM millis() sqrt()
Communication micros() Trigonometry
Serial delay() sin()
delayMicroseconds() cos()
tan() 44
 2.3Someusefulfunction

pinMode() setapinasinputoroutput
digitalWrite() setadigitalpinhigh/low
digitalRead() readadigitalpinsstate
analogRead() readananalogpin
analogWrite() writeananalogvalue
delay() waitanamountoftime
millis() getthecurrenttime

45

2.4 Arduino
Arduino C/C++
sketchfiles

46
 2.5
2.1. LEDBlink:HelloworldofMicrocontroller

DigitalPin13 ToturnonLEDuse
digitalWrite(13,HIGH)

schematic

19

47

48
49

50
 LEDBlink 1

51

LEDBlink 2

52
 2.1 Color LED
8 1

53

2.2 7-segment

1
LED 7segment

0-9 7segment
1 54
 2.6
analogWrite()
Description
Writesananalogvalue(PWMwave)toapin.Can
beusedtolightaLEDatvaryingbrightnesses or
driveamotoratvariousspeeds.Afteracallto
analogWrite(), thepinwillgeneratea
steadysquarewaveofthespecifiedduty.The
frequencyofthePWMsignalisapproximately
490Hz.

OnmostArduino boards(thosewiththe
ATmega168orATmega328),thisfunction
worksondigitalpins3,5,6,9,10,and11.
YoudonotneedtocallpinMode()tosetthepin
asanoutputbeforecallinganalogWrite().

55

1.2 LEDFading

DigitalPin9

SamecircuitasBlinkcircuitbutpin9insteadofpin13
ThePWMpinsworkwiththeanalogWrite(pin,value)
commandwhere
pin:thepintowriteto.
value:thedutycycle:between0(alwaysoff)and255(alwayson).

ToturnLEDtohalfbright,useanalogWrite(9,128) 56
 LEDFading:OfftoFullbright

57

ThingstoTryWithFading
Makeitgoreallyfastorreallyslow
Fadingfromhalf tofullbright
TryotherPWMpins
MultiplefadingLEDs,atdifferentrates

58
59

60
 :

DigitalPin9

ToturnON: digitalWrite(9,HIGH)
ToturnOFF: digitalWrite(9,LOW)
Tosetbrightness: analogWrite(9,val)

61

3.
Forcesensor

Tactswitch
photocell
keypad
3.1 DigitalInput port

Resistorpullsinputto+5V
PressswitchisLOW
NotpressedisHIGH

63

3.1UsingdigitalRead()

64
 3.1 DigitalInput

Switch DigitalPin2 Low

Switch DigitalPin2 High
65

switch LED

Switch LED
Switch LED

66
 3.1
Switch 4 Arduino

S1 7segment 1
S2 7segment 2
S3 7segment 3
S4 7segment 4

67

3.2 AnalogInput port

68
 AnalogInput

69

Howtomakeavaryingvoltage?

++ +5V
Measurehere
Ground

70
 3.2 Analog

AnalogPin2

0 5Volt

Note: analogWrite digitalpin3,5,6,9,10,11. 71

LED

Note:1. analoginput A A0,A1,A5

2. analoginput pinMode input
72
 3.2 TuningColorLED
colorLED
3 Red,Green,Blue

Arduino
Board

73

ResistiveSensor

74
 3.3LightSensor


RL =10k,VDD =5V
Analoginput SensingtheDark
LED

Analoginput

Sensor LED
LED

75
Outputvoltageislinearwithlightintensity

4.SerialCommunication
 4.Communicatingwithother

77

4.1SerialCommunication
Serial
(ShiftBit)
Serial sync


baudrate start stop
(startbit)
(stopbit)

78
 Serial Startbit
Stopbit
(Startbit) 1 LOW
(Databit)8
(Paritybit) 1
check Paritybit
(Stopbit)
HIGH

79

4.2Arduino Communications

Psst,ArduinodoesntreallydoUSB
Itreallyisserial,likeoldRS232serial
Allmicrocontrollerscandoserial
NotmanycandoUSB
Serialiseasy,USBishard

80
 4.3Serialcommand
TalkingtootherusestheSerialcommand
Serial.begin() : preparetouseserial
Serial.print() : senddatatoserialport
Serial.println() : senddataandnewlinetoserialport
Serial.read() : readdatafromserialport
Serial.available() : readytoread
Serial.flush() : clearbufferatincomingserialdata
Serial.parseInt(): returnsthefirstvalid(long)integernumber
fromtheserialbuffer

Cantalktonotjustcomputers.
Mostthingsmorecomplexthansimple
sensors/actuatorsspeakserial.
81

4.1 SerialHelloworld!
int ledPin = 13;
int i = 0;
SendHelloWorldtocomputer
andBlinkLED void setup() {
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
ClickonSerialMonitorbutton Serial.begin(19200);
toseeoutput }
void loop(){
Serial.print(i++);
Serial.println(Hello world);
digitalWrite(ledPin,HIGH);
delay(500);
WatchLEDatDigitalPin13 digitalWrite(ledPin,LOW);
delay(500);
}
82
 Note!!:Serial.print()
PrintsdatatotheserialportashumanreadableASCIItext.Thiscommandcan
takemanyforms.NumbersareprintedusinganASCIIcharacterforeachdigit.
FloatsaresimilarlyprintedasASCIIdigits,defaultingtotwodecimalplaces.
Bytesaresentasasinglecharacter.Charactersandstringsaresentasis.
Forexample:
Serial.print(78) gives"78"
Serial.print(1.23456) gives"1.23"
Serial.print(byte(78)) gives"N"(whoseASCIIvalueis78)
Serial.print('N') gives"N"
Serial.print("Helloworld.") gives"Helloworld."

Anoptionalsecondparameterspecifiesthebase(format)touse
Serial.print(78,BIN) gives"1001110" BIN :
Serial.print(78,OCT) gives"116" OCT :
Serial.print(78,DEC) gives"78" DEC :
Serial.print(78,HEX) gives"4E" HEX:
83

4.2SerialReadBasic
char inByte = 0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(19200);
Serial.println("Hello,type something");
}
SerialMonitor,
void loop() {
Send if (Serial.available()) {
inByte = Serial.read();
Serial.print ("> ");
Serial.println (inByte);
}
}
Note!!!
Serial.available() tells
youifdatapresenttoread.
Alwayscheck
Serial.available() orif
Serial.read() != -1 to
determineiftheresactualdata
toread. 84
 4.3Controllingfromcomputer
int ledPin = 13;
InSerialMonitor,Youtype void setup() {
H,PressSend pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(19200);
}
void loop(){
if( Serial.available() ){
WhenyoutypeH,LEDBlink. int val = Serial.read();
if (val == H) {
digitalWrite(ledPin,HIGH);
delay(500);
digitalWrite(ledPin,LOW);
delay(500);
}
}
}

85

4.1
0-9
7segment

4.2
0-255 LED
Digitalpin9.( analogWrite )

86
 5.3
Analoginput( 3.2)

5.4
LightSensor ( 3.2)
Sensor
( Sensor )

87

5.LiquidCrystalDisplay
 5.1LiquidCrystalDisplay:LCD

1.GND 2.VDD 3.Vb
4.RS(Registerselect) 5.R/W
6.E(Enable)
714 DataDB7DB0

89

5.2Function LCD
Arduino Library LCD chip
HitachiHD44780( chip compatible)
function Library LiquidCrystal.h

LiquidCrystal() LCD ATMega

Syntax
LiquidCrystal(rs,enable,d4,d5,d6,d7)
LiquidCrystal(rs,rw,enable,d4,d5,d6,d7)
begin() LCD
clear() clear LCD cursor

90
 home() cursor
setCursor() cursor
cursor(),noCursor() cursor
blink(),noBlink() cursor
print() LCD
write() LCD
display(),noDisplay() -
scrollDisplayLeft()
scrollDisplayRight()
leftToRight()
rightToLeft()
createChar()
91

5.1HelloworldLCD
LCD
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);

void setup() {
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.print("hello, world!");
}
void loop() {
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(millis()/1000);
}

Note!!!
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
setthecursortocolumn0,line1
line1isthesecondrow,sincecountingbeginswith0
92
 5.2 TextDirection
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
LCD LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
int thisChar = 'a';

void setup() {
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.cursor();
}
void loop() {
if (thisChar == 'm') {
lcd.rightToLeft();
}
if (thisChar == 's') {
lcd.leftToRight();
}
if (thisChar > 'z') {
lcd.home();
thisChar = 'a';
}
lcd.write(thisChar);
Thisprogramprints delay(1000);
thisChar++;
athroughlrighttoleft, }

thenmthoughrlefttoright,
thensthroughzrighttoleftagain.

93

Createacustomcharacter

CreateacustomcharacterforuseontheLCD.
Uptoeightcharactersof5x8pixelsare
supported(numbered0to7).
Todisplayacustomcharacteronthescreen,
write()itsnumber.

94
 5.3 Createcustomcharacter
LCD #include <LiquidCrystal.h>

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);

byte newChar[8] = {
B00000,
B01110,
B10001,
B10001,
B10001,
B01010,
B11011,
B00000 };
void setup() {

lcd.createChar(1, newChar);
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.write(1); }

void loop() {}

95

5
LCD
- I KMITL
-

LCD (01023)

( serial
monitor) LCD

96
6.InterIntegrateCircuitBus(I2C)

I2C,TwoWire
Synchronous serial bus with shared a data line
a little network for your gadgets

Up to 127 devices on one bus

Up to 1Mbps data rate
Really simple protocol (compared to USB,Ethernet,etc)
Most microcontrollers have it built-in
98
 I2C,TwoWire
I2C Bus Inter Integrate Circuit Bus
(Synchronous)
(MCU)

Philips Semiconductors
2 serial data (SDA)
serial clock (SCL)
MCU 2

99

ManyI2Cdevices

100
 I2ConArduino
I2CbuiltinonArduinos ATmega168chip
UseWirelibrarytoaccessit
AnalogIn4isSDAsignal
AnalogIn5isSCKsignal

101

WirelibraryFunctions
Wire.begin() joini2cbus(master)
Wire.begin(4) joini2cbuswithaddress#4(Slave)

Wire.beginTransmission(112) transmittodevice#112
Wire.endTransmission() stoptransmitting

Wire.requestFrom(112, 2) request2bytesfromslave
device#112
Wire.available() Returnsthenumberofbytes
availableforreading

Wire.read() receiveabyte
Wire.write("x is ") sendsfivebyte
Wire.write(x) sendsonebyte

102
 Arduino WireLibrary
Master Writing data to Slave
Load wire Library #include <Wire.h>
void setup()
{
Join i2c Wire.begin(); // join i2c bus (master)
}

byte x = 0;

void loop()
{
Start sending Wire.beginTransmission(4); // transmit to device #4
Send data Wire.write("x is ");
Wire.write(x);
//
//
sends five bytes
sends one byte
Stop sending Wire.endTransmission(); // stop transmitting

x++;
delay(500);
}
103

Arduino WireLibrary
Master Reading data from Slave
#include <Wire.h>

void setup()
{
Join i2c Wire.begin(); // join i2c bus (master)
Serial.begin(9600); // start serial for output
}

void loop()
{
Wire.requestFrom(2, 6); //request 6 bytes from device #2
Request data while(Wire.available()) //slave may send less than requested

Get data {
char c = Wire.read(); // receive a byte as character
Serial.print(c); // print the character
}

delay(500);
}
104
 Temperature Sensor DS1621

Address 1001A2A1A0
48H-4FH

105

IC DS1621
DallasSemiconductor
I2C DS1621
- -55 +125
0.5
- 9
-
2.7-5.5
1
(thermostat) 1
-
I2C

8
106


107

DS1621

 DS1621
#include<Wire.h>

voidsetup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);

Wire.begin();
Wire.beginTransmission(0x48);//connecttoDS1621(#0)
Wire.write(0xAC);//AccessConfig
Wire.write(0x02);//setforcontinuousconversion
Wire.beginTransmission(0x48);//restart
Wire.write(0xEE);//startconversions
Wire.endTransmission();
}

111

voidloop()
{
int8_tfirstByte;
int8_tsecondByte;
floattemp=0;

delay(1000);//givetimeformeasurement

Wire.beginTransmission(0x48);
Wire.write(0xAA);//readtemperaturecommand
Wire.endTransmission();
Wire.requestFrom(0x48,2);//requesttwobytesfromDS1621(0.5deg.resolution)

firstByte=Wire.read();//getfirstbyte
secondByte=Wire.read();//getsecondbyte

temp=firstByte;

if(secondByte) //ifthereisa0.5degdifference
temp+=0.5;

Serial.println(temp);

}
112
 InternetofThingsProtocol

MQTTProtocol
InventedbyAndyStanfordClark (IBM)andArlenNipper(Eurotech)in1999
OriginallyenvisionedforuseoverSatellitelinkfromanoilpipeline
MQTTProtocol

MQTTProtocol
 MQTTProtocol

Thepublish/subscribepattern
Bidirectional,Async PushCommunication

MQTT
Broker
MQTTProtocol

MQTTProtocol
 Subscribe
Aclientneedstosenda SUBSCRIBE messagetotheMQTT
brokerinordertoreceiverelevantmessages.

Subscribe
 Publish

Publish
Topics
AtopicisaUTF8string,whichisusedbythebrokertofiltermessagesforeachconnectedclient.Atopicconsists
ofoneormoretopiclevels.Eachtopiclevelisseparatedbyaforwardslash(topiclevelseparator).

QoS
AQualityofServiceLevel(QoS)forthismessage.Thelevel(0,1or2)determinestheguaranteeofamessage
reachingtheotherend

RetainFlag
Thisflagdeterminesifthemessagewillbesavedbythebrokerforthespecifiedtopicaslastknowngoodvalue.
Newclientsthatsubscribetothattopicwillreceivethelastretainedmessageonthattopicinstantlyafter
subscribing.( Broker Payload Subscribe )

Payload
Thisistheactualcontentofthemessage.

DUPflag
Theduplicateflagindicates,thatthismessageisaduplicateandisresentbecausetheotherenddidnt
acknowledgetheoriginalmessage.ThisisonlyrelevantforQoS greaterthan0

PacketIdentifier
Thepacketidentifierisauniqueidentifierbetweenclientandbrokertoidentifyamessageinamessageflow.
ThisisonlyrelevantforQoS greaterthanzero.
 QoS
QoS 0 atmostonce
Theminimalleveliszeroanditguaranteesabesteffortdelivery.Amessagewont
beacknowledgedbythereceiverorstoredandredeliveredbythesender.

QoS 1 atleastonce
itisguaranteedthatamessagewillbedeliveredatleastoncetothereceiver.The
senderwillstorethemessageuntilitgetsanacknowledgementinformof
a PUBACK commandmessagefromthereceiver.

QoS
QoS 2 Exactlyonce
ThehighestQoS is2,itguaranteesthateachmessageisreceivedonlyoncebythe
counterpart. Itisthesafestandalsotheslowestqualityofservicelevel.The
guaranteeisprovidedbytwoflowsthereandbackbetweensenderandreceiver.

Publishreceived Publishrelease Publishcomplete

 QoS

Retainmessages
 Payload

Unsubscribe
 Connect&Disconnect

7.1 PublicMQTTBroker
Website URL
http://www.hivemq.com/demos/websocketclient/
 7.1 PublicMQTTBroker
Connect
Connect

Subscribe
AddTopicSubscription add subscribe
Subscribe

Publish
topic publish
publish
publish

MQTTbrokergetsWebsockets support

WebServer html javascript
WebBrowser Webapplication html WebServer
MQTTBroker WebSocket Javascript
 7.2 RealTimegraph
Simpleexampleofplottinglivenumbereddatafroma
subscribedmqtt/websockets topicandplottingitusing
highcharts. http://www.highcharts.com/

WebServer Webhosting
html Javascript

livemqttchart.html plot Publish
livemqttchart1.html plot realtime
mqttws31.js

Subscribe Topic

7.2RealTimegraph
1. livemqttchart.html

var MQTTbroker =' broker.mqttdashboard.com'; //broker HiveMQ

var MQTTport =8000; //port Webseocket
var MQTTsubTopic ='temp'; // topic

2. Upload 2 webhosting Webbrowser

3. publish topic
Publish Publish HiveMQ ( 1 )

Note!!BrokerITMQ
URL: http://neutron.it.kmitl.ac.th:3030/demo

html
Host:neutron.it.kmitl.ac.th
Port:1884
 7.3 ControlviaWebsocket

control.html

Publish Topic
ON publish on Broker
OFF publish off Broker

7.3 ControlviaWebsocket
1. control.html

var MQTTbroker =' broker.mqttdashboard.com'; //broker HiveMQ

var MQTTport =8000; //port Webseocket
var MQTTsubTopic ='temp'; // topic

2. Upload webhosting Webbrowser

3. Websocket HiveMQ Broker
Subscribetopic on,off Broker
 BuildingIoT withArduino

EthernetShield
TheArduino EthernetShieldallowsanArduino boardtoconnect
totheinternet.Itisbasedonthe Wiznet W5100ethernet chip.
TheWiznet W5100providesanetwork(IP)stackcapableofboth
TCPandUDP. Itsupportsuptofoursimultaneoussocket
connections.UsetheEthernetlibrarytowritesketcheswhich
connecttotheinternetusingtheshield.
 Ethernet.begin()
Initializestheethernet libraryandnetworksettings.

Syntax
Ethernet.begin(mac);
Ethernet.begin(mac, ip);
Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, dns);
Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, dns, gateway);
Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, dns, gateway, subnet);
Example IP DHCPServer
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>
byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };
void setup()
{ Note
Ethernet.begin(mac); Ethernet.begin(mac),returnsan
Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP()); int:1onasuccessfulDHCPconnection,
} Int:0onfailure
void loop () {
}
Note: Ethernet.localIP() IP Ethernetshield

Ethernet.begin()
Example FixIP
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>

byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };

IPAddress dnServer(192, 168, 0, 1);
IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 0, 1);
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0);
IPAddress ip(192, 168, 0, 2);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, dnServer, gateway, subnet);
Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
}
void loop() {
}

Note: - Ethernet.localIP() IP Ethernetshield

IPAddress IP
 Client
Functions
EthernetClient() arduino client IP
port (CreatesaclientwhichcanconnecttoaspecifiedinternetIPaddressandport)
EthernetClient client;

connect() IP port (ConnectstoaspecifiedIPaddressandport)

1
client.connect("www.google.com", 80)

available() byte client server

Returnsthenumberofbytesavailableforreading(thatis,theamountofdatathathasbeenwritten
totheclientbytheserveritisconnectedto).
if ( client.available())
if(true) if(!0)

Client
Functions
read() byte Server
(Readthenextbytereceivedfromtheservertheclientisconnectedto(afterthelastcalltoread()).)
char c = client.read();

connected() client (Whetherornottheclientisconnected.)

1(true), 0(false)
if ( !client.connected() )

stop() server
client.stop();

flush() clear client

client.flush();
 Library MQTTProtocol
Download LibraryPubsub

https://github.com/knolleary/pubsubclient

download .zip

sketch>IncludeLibrary>Add.ziplibrary

LibraryPubSubClient
sketch>IncludeLibrary

ItcanonlypublishQoS 0messages.ItcansubscribeatQoS 0orQoS 1.
Themaximummessagesize,includingheader,is 128bytes bydefault.

PubSubClient Library
Constructors
PubSubClient ()
PubSubClient (client)
PubSubClient (server,port,[callback],client,[stream]) ***
Functions
boolean connect (clientID) ***
boolean connect (clientID,willTopic,willQoS,willRetain,willMessage)
boolean connect (clientID,username,password)
boolean connect (clientID,username,password,willTopic,willQoS,willRetain,willMessage)
void disconnect ()
int publish (topic,payload) ***
int publish (topic,payload,retained)
int publish (topic,payload,length)
int publish (topic,payload,length,retained)
int publish_P (topic,payload,length,retained)
boolean subscribe (topic,[qos]) ***
boolean unsubscribe (topic)
boolean loop ()
int connected ()
int state ()
PubSubClient setServer (server,port)
PubSubClient setCallback (callback)
PubSubClient setClient (client)
PubSubClient setStream (stream)
Other
ConfigurationOptions
SubscriptionCallback
 8.1Publish

1. PublicMQTTBroker URL
http://www.hivemq.com/demos/websocketclient/

2. Connect( random clientID )

3. Subscriptions Addnewtopicsubscription
Topic

PublicBroker
WebBrowser
MQTTClient
(Arduino +EthernetShield)

8.1Publish
4. Arduino publish

#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>

char MQTT_SERVER[]=broker.mqttdashboard.com;
//byte MQTT_SERVER[] = { 161, 246, 38, 78 };

char* outTopic = "testtopic/1";

char* clientId = "clientId-68zjK7WiL5"; // device
char* payload = "test from arduino";

byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED }; // device

EthernetClient ethClient; // Ethernet object
PubSubClient client( MQTT_SERVER, 1883, 0, ethClient); // MQTT object

Note!!BrokerITMQ
URL:http://neutron.it.kmitl.ac.th:3030/demo


Host:neutron.it.kmitl.ac.th
Port:1883
 8.1Publish
Arduino ( )
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Net begin");

if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0) // Get connected!

{
Serial.println("Failed to configure Ethernet using DHCP");
return;
}

Serial.print("IP: "); // A little debug.. show IP address

Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());

if (client.connect(clientId)) {
Serial.println("Successfully connected with MQTT");
}
else {
Serial.println("cant connected with MQTT");
}
}
void loop()
{
client.publish(outTopic, payload);
delay(5000);
}

8.1Publish
5. Serialmonitor
(Message) publish Arduino
 8.2Subscribe
1. Arduino Subcribe
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>

char MQTT_SERVER[]=broker.mqttdashboard.com;
//byte MQTT_SERVER[] = { 161, 246, 38, 78 };

char* inTopic = "testtopic/1";

char* clientId = "clientId-68zjK7WiL5"; // device

byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED }; // device

void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {

Serial.println(topic);
payload[length] = '\0';
String strPayload = String((char*)payload);
Serial.println(strPayload);
}

EthernetClient ethClient; // Ethernet object

PubSubClient client( MQTT_SERVER, 1883, callback, ethClient); // MQTT object

8.2Subscribe
Arduino Subcribe ( )
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Net begin");

if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0) // Get connected!

{
Serial.println("Failed to configure Ethernet using DHCP");
return;
}

delay(2000);
Serial.print("IP: "); // A little debug.. show IP address
Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
if (client.connect(clientId)) {
Serial.println("Successfully connected with MQTT");
client.subscribe(inTopic); // Subcribe
}
else { Serial.println("cant connected with MQTT"); }
}

void loop()
{
client.loop(); // loop for ever waiting for MQTT event
}
 8.2Subscribe
2. Serialmonitor
publishMessage WebSocket
(Message) publish WebSocket

WebServer
PublicBroker
MQTTClient
(Arduino +EthernetShield)

WebBrowser

- LED LED website
Note website control.html
 : LED&R

TeamA TeamB
PublicBroker
MQTTClient MQTTClient
(Arduino +EthernetShield)
(Arduino +EthernetShield)
: Arduino Internet
-
1. TeamA TeamB
2. TeamB sensor TeamA
LED
LED

:Sensor & colorLED

PublicBroker

TeamA TeamB
MQTTClient MQTTClient
(Arduino +EthernetShield) (Arduino +EthernetShield)

WebBrowser

TeamA Sensor 10
TeamB colorLED
020 2130
3140 50
- RealTime Webbrowser

InternetofThings

2560

RaspberryPi
 WhatisRaspberryPi

TheRaspberryPiisalowcost, creditcardsized
computer thatplugsintoacomputermonitororTV,anduses
astandardkeyboardandmouse.Itisacapablelittledevice
thatenablespeopleofallagestoexplorecomputing,andto
learnhowtoprograminlanguageslikeScratchandPython.

RaspberryPi2ModelB
TheRaspberryPi2ModelBisthesecondgenerationRaspberryPi.Itreplaced
theoriginal RaspberryPi1ModelB+ inFebruary2015.Comparedtothe
RaspberryPi1ithas:

A900MHzquadcoreARMCortexA7CPU
1GBRAM
Likethe(Pi1)ModelB+,italsohas:
4USBports
40GPIOpins
FullHDMIport
Ethernetport
Combined3.5mmaudiojackandcompositevideo
Camerainterface(CSI)
Displayinterface(DSI)
MicroSDcardslot
VideoCore IV3Dgraphicscore

BecauseithasanARMv7processor,itcanrunthefullrangeofARMGNU/Linux
distributions,includingSnappyUbuntu Core,aswellas MicrosoftWindows10
 RaspberryPi2ModelB

RaspberryPi3ModelB
TheRaspberryPi3isthethirdgenerationRaspberryPi.Itreplacedthe
RaspberryPi2ModelBinFebruary2016.Comparedtothe RaspberryPi2 it
has:
A1.2GHz64bitquadcoreARMv8CPU
802.11nWirelessLAN
Bluetooth4.1
BluetoothLowEnergy(BLE)

LikethePi2,italsohas:
1GBRAM
4USBports
40GPIOpins
FullHDMIport
Ethernetport
Combined3.5mmaudiojackandcompositevideo
Camerainterface(CSI)
Displayinterface(DSI)
MicroSDcardslot(nowpushpullratherthanpushpush)
VideoCore IV3Dgraphicscore
 RaspberryPi3ModelB

1 Raspbian OS
OfficialSupport RaspberryPi
Raspbian OS Download
https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/

Win32DiskImager

1. Image
2. Device OS
3. Write
 RaspberryPiConnect

connectviaaDVIconnection,commonly
availableonnewermonitorsanddigitalTVs.

RaspberryPiConnect

RaspberryPiRemoteConnections
 SettingtheRaspberryPisIPaddress
QuickSetup/Settingupwhenyoudonthavea
monitor
EnsuretheRaspberryPiispoweredoff,andremovetheSDCard.
InserttheSDCardintoacardreaderandplugitintoyourlaptop.
Makeacopyof cmdline.txtandrenameit cmdline.normal
Edit cmdline.txtandaddtheIPaddressattheend(besureyou
dontaddanyextralines).10.30.4.1XXXX=

Windows Notepad
Editor Notepad++

2 RaspberryPi
SDCard OS IPAddress

RaspPi
LAN RaspPi
Adapter RaspPi
ping PC IPAddress
RaspPi
 2 RaspberryPi

Putty RaspPi Secure
ShellV2(SSH)
IPAddress RaspPi
SSH
Open

2 RaspberryPi
Console RaspPi
username:pi Password raspberry

Login
 BasicLinuxcommand

2 RaspberryPi
basiccommand Linux
ls
cd directory cd/,cd..
df h filesystem

expandfilesystem disk
sudo raspiconfig ExpandFileSystem

<Finish> RaspPi Reboot
 2 RaspberryPi
Config StaticIPAddress Raspi filesystem

sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf

interfaceeth0
staticip_address=10.30.4.1XX/24
staticrouters=10.30.4.1
staticdomain_name_servers=8.8.8.8

nano Ctrl+x savefile yes

2 RaspberryPi
IPAddress cmdline.txt

sudo nano /boot/cmdline.txt

Reboot Rasppi IPAddress

sudo shutdownrnow
 Python
1989 GuidovanRossum

RaspberryPI

RaspberryPI Python

python
print printHello
varint =10
+ */
==,>=,<=,>,<
if..else
ifx>10:
printxislarge
else:
printxissmall
loop
x=0
whilex<10
printHello
x=x+1

python

nano

nano helloworld.py

Run pythoninterpreter
python

pythonhelloworld.py
sudo pythonhelloworld.py

3 GPIOBlink

GPIO4 LED 100

1 2
3 4
GPIO4

LED

100Ohm

GND
 3 GPIOBlink
nano led.py
python
importRPi.GPIO asGPIO
importtime

GPIO.setmode (GPIO.BCM)
LIGHT=4

GPIO.setup(LIGHT,GPIO.OUT)

whileTrue:
GPIO.output(LIGHT,True)
time.sleep(0.5)
GPIO.output(LIGHT,False)
time.sleep(0.5)

Run sudo pythonled.py

3 GPIOBlink

importRPi.GPIO asGPIO # Library GPIOPin

importtime # Library timedelay

GPIO.setmode (GPIO.BCM) #SetthepindesignationtypetoGPIO.BCM

touseBCMnumberingconvention
( Pin chip BCM)
LIGHT=4 # GPIO4 Light

GPIO.setup(LIGHT,GPIO.OUT) # GPIO4 Output

whileTrue:
GPIO.output(LIGHT,True) # GPIO4 High
time.sleep(0.5) #delay0.5
GPIO.output(LIGHT,False) # GPIO4 Low
time.sleep(0.5) #delay0.5

8 1

4 GPIOInput

GPIO17 Switch 10

 4 GPIOInput
GPIO17 Input
GPIO.setup(17,GPIO.IN) # GPIO17 Input

GPIO17
val =GPIO.input(17) # val
0 1

LED LED

5 MQTTBroker

MQTTBroker Mosquitto
Mosquitto
AnOpenSourceMQTTv3.1/v3.1.1Broker

MQTTBroker package3
mosquitto istheMQTTbroker(i.e.server)
mosquittoclients arethecommandlineclients
pythonmosquitto arethe Python Library
 Repository
Windows


Ubuntu OS Linux
Ubuntu
repository


repository
Alpha,Beta default
repository

http://www.ubuntuthailand.com/

5 MQTTBroker

1. addkeyrepository mosquitto
wget http://repo.mosquitto.org/debian/mosquittorepo.gpg.key
sudo aptkeyaddmosquittorepo.gpg.key

2. source.list.d repository

cd/etc/apt/sources.list.d/

3.addrepository mosquitto
sudo wget http://repo.mosquitto.org/debian/mosquittowheezy.list
 5 MQTTBroker
4. updateaptinformation
sudo aptgetupdate

5. package

sudo aptgetinstallmosquitto mosquittoclientspythonmosquitto

6. Library paho.mqtt Python

MQTT ( homedirectory)
git clonehttps://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.python.git
cdpaho.mqtt.python
sudo pythonsetup.pyinstall

6 MQTTBroker
Terminal Subscribe
mosquitto_subh127.0.0.1ttopic

Terminal Publish
mosquitto_pub h127.0.0.1ttopicm"Helloworld

Publish Subscribe

Note:
h host
t topic
m message
 WiFi RaspberryPi
Scan SSID sudo iwlist wlan0scan

Config filesystem
sudo nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

network={
ssid="The_SSID_from_earlier"
psk="Your_wifi_password"
}
nano Ctrl+x savefile yes
IPAdress ifconfig

RaspberryPi Subscribe publish Broker

neutron.it.kmitl.ac.th,1883

161.246.38.194,1883
 MQTTPublish python
nano pub.py
python

import paho.mqtt.client asmqtt

importtime

mqttc =mqtt.Client()
mqttc.connect("127.0.0.1",1883)

whileTrue:
mqttc.publish(test/pub",Hello)
time.sleep(2)

Run sudo pythonpub.py

Note: mqttc.connect(neutron.it.kmitl.ac.th",1883) publish Broker

mqttc.connect(161.246.38.194",1883)

MQTTSubscribe python
nano sub.py
python
importpaho.mqtt.client asmqtt

def on_connect(client,userdata,rc):
print("Connectedwithresultcode"+str(rc))
client.subscribe(test/sub")

def on_message(client,userdata,msg):
print(msg.topic+""+str(msg.payload))

client=mqtt.Client()
client.on_connect =on_connect
client.on_message =on_message

client.connect("127.0.0.1",1883)
client.loop_forever()

Run sudo pythonsub.py


1.1 RaspberryPi Publish Broker

Publish Broker ON

1.2 RaspberryPi Subscribe Broker

Broker
ON LED
OFF LED

MQTTbrokergetsWebsockets support

WebServer html javascript
WebBrowser Webapplication html WebServer
MQTTBroker WebSocket Javascript
 MQTTbrokergetsWebsockets support

Websocket RaspberryPi

Downloadwget http://www.it.kmitl.ac.th/~panwit/mosquittows.zip

unzip
unzipmosquittows.zip

folder unzip
cdmosquitto1_4ws

chmod +xinstall
sudo servicemosquitto stop
sudo ./install
sudo servicemosquitto start

7 RealTimegraph
Simpleexampleofplottinglivenumbereddatafromasubscribedmqtt/websockets
topicandplottingitusinghighcharts. http://www.highcharts.com/

WebServer Webhosting
html Javascript

livemqttchart.html plot Publish
livemqttchart1.html plot realtime
mqttws31.js

Subscribe Topic
 7 RealTimegraph
1. livemqttchart.html
var MQTTbroker =IP Raspi'; //Raspi broker
var MQTTport =8888; //port Webseocket
var MQTTsubTopic ='temp'; // topic

2. Upload 2 webhosting
3. publish topic
Publish Publish Terminal Publish
mosquitto_pub h10.X.X.Xttempm"Helloworld

Note:
Raspberry Broker Default Websocket 8888
mosquitto.conf sudo nano /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

#listenerportnumber[ip address/hostname]
listener8888

8 ControlviaWebsocket

control.html

Publish Topic
ON publish on Raspi Broker
OFF publish off Raspi Broker
 8 ControlviaWebsocket
1. control.html
var MQTTbroker =' IP Raspi '; //broker
var MQTTport =8888; //port Webseocket
var MQTTsubTopic ='temp'; // topic

2. Upload webhosting
3. Raspi Broker Subscribetopic
on,off Broker

WebServer
LocalBroker
MQTTClient
(Arduino +EthernetShield)

WebBrowser

- LED LED website
Note website control.html
 : LED&R

TeamA TeamB
LocalBroker
MQTTClient MQTTClient
(Arduino +EthernetShield) (Arduino +EthernetShield)

: Arduino Internet
-
1. TeamA TeamB
2. TeamB sensor TeamA
LED
LED

BridgeBroker
 ConfiguringBridges
connection name
Thisvariablemarksthestartofanewbridgeconnection.Itisalsousedtogivethe
bridgeanamewhichisusedastheclientidontheremotebroker.

address address[:port] [address[:port]], addresses address[:port] [address[:port]]

Specifytheaddressandoptionallytheportofthebridgetoconnectto.Thismustbegivenfor
eachbridgeconnection.Iftheportisnotspecified,thedefaultof1883isused.Multiplehost
addressescanbespecifiedontheaddressconfig.

ConfiguringBridges
topic pattern [[[out|in|both]qoslevel]localprefixremoteprefix]
Defineatopicpatterntobesharedbetweenthetwobrokers.Anytopicsmatchingthepattern
(whichmayincludewildcards)areshared.Thesecondparameterdefinesthedirectionthatthe
messageswillbesharedin,soitispossibletoimportmessagesfromaremotebrokerusing in,
exportmessagestoaremotebrokerusing out orsharemessagesinbothdirections.Ifthis
parameterisnotdefined,thedefaultof out isused.TheQoS leveldefinesthepublish/subscribe
QoS levelusedforthistopicanddefaultsto0.

The localprefix and remoteprefix optionsallowtopicstoberemappedwhenpublishingtoand

receivingfromremotebrokers.Thisallowsatopictreefromthelocalbrokertobeinsertedinto
thetopictreeoftheremotebrokeratanappropriateplace.

Forincomingtopics,thebridgewillprependthepatternwiththeremoteprefixandsubscribeto
theresultingtopicontheremotebroker.Whenamatchingincomingmessageisreceived,the
remoteprefixwillberemovedfromthetopicandthenthelocalprefixadded.

Foroutgoingtopics,thebridgewillprependthepatternwiththelocalprefixandsubscribeto
theresultingtopiconthelocalbroker.Whenanoutgoingmessageisprocessed,thelocalprefix
willberemovedfromthetopicthentheremoteprefixadded.
 9 BridgeBrokerConfiguration
Rasppi Broker SingleDirection
mosquitto.conf
sudo nano /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

connectionbridge_test
address161.246.38.194:1883
topiclocal

Restart
sudo /etc/init.d/mosquitto stop
Note:
sudo /etc/init.d/mosquitto start
Connection
Address address

Subscribe Broker Topiclocal
Publish RaspberryPiBroker Topiclocal

9 BridgeBrokerConfiguration
Rasppi Broker DualDirection
mosquitto.conf
sudo nano /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

connectionbridge_test
address161.246.38.194:1883
topic # both2local/topic/remote/topic/

Restart local remote

sudo /etc/init.d/mosquitto stop
sudo /etc/init.d/mosquitto start mapanentiretopictree

Subscribe Broker Topicremote/topic
Publish RaspberryPi Topiclocal/topic

Subscribe RaspberryPi Topiclocal/topic

Publish Broker Topicremote/topic
 9 BridgeBrokerConfiguration
Rasppi Broker DualDirection
mosquitto.conf
sudo nano /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

connectionbridge_test
address161.246.38.29:1883
topic # both2local/topic/remote/topic/

Restart local remote

sudo /etc/init.d/mosquitto stop
sudo /etc/init.d/mosquitto start mapanentiretopictree

Subscribe Broker Topicremote/topic/test

Publish RaspberryPi Topiclocal/topic/test

mosquitto_pub h127.0.0.1tlocal/topic/testm"hello"

Internet Home

Bridge
WebServer
PublicBroker
LocalBroker
MQTTClient
Pub/sub
Pub/sub

WebBrowser

Arduino


- Arduino RaspberryPi
RaspberryPi LED Arduino
RaspberryPi LED Arduino

- Arduino Publish Analog

realtimegraph Website( Bridge)

Website Arduino
( Bridge)

InternetofThings

2560

NodeMCU V2
 WhatisNodeMCU
Anopensourcefirmwareanddevelopmentkitthathelpsyouto
prototypeyourIOTproductwithinafewLua scriptlines.
Features
Opensource,Interactive,Programmable,Lowcost,Simple,Smart,
WIFIenabled

NodeMCU Specification
basedonWiFi ESP8266
GPIO, PWM,I2C,1Wire ADC
USBTTL IC CP2102 Slabs
PCBantenna
microUSB
A0 analog(ADC 10 )
100k/220k( 0V 3.3V 0V 1V)
3.3V

NodeMCU V2pinout
 BoardNodeMCU Arduino IDE

Arduino IDE
File Preference

BoardNodeMCU Arduino IDE

http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json
AdditionalBoardsManagerURLs OK

Tools Board BoardsManager
 BoardNodeMCU Arduino IDE

BoardNodeMCU Arduino IDE

esp8266 filteryoursearch

Install
 BoardNodeMCU Arduino IDE

nodeMCU Boards

GenericESP8266Module
ESP8266

ESPresso Lite 1.0 2.0

ESP8266 Espert Chiangmai
MakerClub

Olimex MODWIFIESP8266(DEV)
ESP8366 Olimex

NodeMCU (ESP8266ESP12Module)
ESP8266 NodeMCU

WeMos D1
ESP8266 wemos

Driver USBTTL
DownloadDriver
http://www.it.kmitl.ac.th/~panwit/CP210x_Windows_Drivers.zip

Unzip driver
 BasicOutput
DigitalOutput:Blink AnalogOutput:fading
voidsetup(){ intval;
pinMode(D1,OUTPUT); voidsetup()
} {
voidloop() pinMode(D1,OUTPUT);
{ }
digitalWrite(D1,LOW); voidloop()
delay(500); {
digitalWrite(D1,HIGH); for(val=0;val<1000;val+=50)
delay(500); {
} analogWrite(D1,val);
delay(100);
}
}

Note!! DutyCycle
0..1023 (0% 100%)

BasicInput
DigitalInput: Switch
voidsetup(){
pinMode(D0,OUTPUT); 3.3V
pinMode(D1,INPUT);
} NodeMCU
voidloop() 4.7k 220
{ D1 D0 LED
if(!digitalRead(D1)) Switch
digitalWrite(D0,HIGH);
else
digitalWrite(D0,LOW);
}
 BasicInput
AnalogInput:
AnalogPin ADCPin Input
01v
const int AnalogIn = A0;
NodeMCU Pin Analog
1pin A0 int val = 0;

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
val = analogRead(AnalogIn);
Serial.println(val);
}

ConnectNodeMCU toWirelessNetwork
WiFi.begin()
Description
Initializesthe WiFi library'snetworksettingsandprovidesthe
currentstatus.

Syntax
WiFi.begin();
WiFi.begin(ssid);
WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

Returns
WL_CONNECTED whenconnectedtoanetwork
WL_IDLE_STATUS whennotconnectedtoanetwork,but
poweredon
 ConnectNodeMCU toWirelessNetwork
WiFi.status()
Description
Returntheconnectionstatus.

Syntax
WiFi.status();

Returns
WL_CONNECTED:assignedwhenconnectedtoa WiFi network;
WL_IDLE_STATUS:itisatemporarystatusassignedwhen WiFi.begin() is
calledandremainsactiveuntilthenumberofattemptsexpires
WL_NO_SSID_AVAIL:assignedwhennoSSIDareavailable;
WL_CONNECT_FAILED:assignedwhentheconnectionfailsforalltheattempts;
WL_CONNECTION_LOST:assignedwhentheconnectionislost;
WL_DISCONNECTED:assignedwhendisconnectedfromanetwork;

ConnectNodeMCU toWirelessNetwork
WiFi.localIP() WiFi.disconnect()
Description Description
Getsthe WiFi shield'sIPaddress Disconnectsthe WiFi fromthe
currentnetwork.
Syntax
WiFi.localIP(); Syntax
WiFi.disconnect();
Returns
theIPaddress Returns
nothing
 ConnectNodeMCU toWirelessNetwork

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h> while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)
{
const char* ssid = SSID_name"; delay(500);
const char* password = PASSWORD"; Serial.print(".");
}
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200); Serial.println("");
delay(10); Serial.println("WiFi connected");

// Connect to WiFi network // Print the IP address

Serial.println();
Serial.println(); Serial.print("IP=");
Serial.print("Connecting to "); Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
Serial.println(ssid);
}
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
void loop() {

IoT withNodeMCU
Publish
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>

const char* ssid = xxxxxx";

const char* password = yyyyyy";
const char* mqtt_server = "neutron.it.kmitl.ac.th";

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);
long lastMsg = 0;

char outTopic[] = "iot/outTopic";

char buffer_str[40];

void setup() {
pinMode(BUILTIN_LED, OUTPUT); // Initialize the BUILTIN_LED pin as an output
Serial.begin(115200);
setup_wifi();
client.setServer(mqtt_server, 1883);
}
 IoT withNodeMCU
Publish
void setup_wifi() {

delay(10);
// We start by connecting to a WiFi network
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(ssid);

WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {

delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}

Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
Serial.println("IP address: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

IoT withNodeMCU
Publish
void reconnect() {
// Loop until we're reconnected
while (!client.connected()) {
Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection..."); // Attempt to connect
char clientID[15];
String("iot-" + String(random(1000000))).toCharArray(clientID, 15);
//Random Client ID
if (client.connect(clientID)) {
Serial.println("Successfully connected with MQTT");
Serial.print("Client: ");
Serial.println(clientID);

} else {
Serial.print("failed, rc=");
Serial.print(client.state());
Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds"); // Wait 5 seconds before retrying
delay(1000);
}
}
}
 IoT withNodeMCU
Publish
void loop() {

if (!client.connected()) {
reconnect();
}
client.loop();

String outPayload = "Hello, I'm Arduino.";

outPayload.toCharArray(buffer_str, 40);
client.publish(outTopic, buffer_str);

delay(10000);
}

DownloadCode
http://www.it.kmitl.ac.th/~panwit/nodeMCU_code.zip

IoT withNodeMCU
Subscribe
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>

const char* ssid = xxxxxx";

const char* password = yyyyyy";
const char* mqtt_server = "neutron.it.kmitl.ac.th";

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);

char inTopic[] = "iot/inTopic"; //*****

void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
setup_wifi();
client.setServer(mqtt_server, 1883);
client.setCallback(callback); //*****
}
 IoT withNodeMCU
Subscribe
void setup_wifi() {

delay(10);
// We start by connecting to a WiFi network
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(ssid);

WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {

delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}

Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
Serial.println("IP address: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

IoT withNodeMCU
Subscribe
void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
String payload_str = "";
String topic_str = String(topic);
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
payload_str += (char)payload[i];
}
Serial.print("Message arrived [");
Serial.print(topic_str);
Serial.print("] ");
Serial.println(payload_str);

}
 IoT withNodeMCU
Subscribe
void reconnect() {
while (!client.connected()) {
Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection..."); // Attempt to connect
char clientID[15];
String("iot-" + String(random(1000000))).toCharArray(clientID, 15);
if (client.connect(clientID)) {
Serial.println("Successfully connected with MQTT");
Serial.print("Client: ");
Serial.println(clientID);

} else {
Serial.print("failed, rc=");
Serial.print(client.state());
Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds"); // Wait 5 seconds before retrying
delay(1000);
}
}
}
void loop() {

if (!client.connected()) {
reconnect();
}
client.loop();
}

Internet Local
PublicBroker
Bridge
WebSocket

Pub/sub
LocalBroker
Pub/sub
Pub/sub

WebBrowser
NodeMCU
Arduino


Bridge LocalBroker PublicBroker

Arduino Publish Local

Broker

NodeMCU Subscribe LED

Subscribe PublicBroker

WebBrowser PublicBroker Websocket

panwit@it.kmitl.ac.th
InternetofThings

Communication
 Communication

ObjectCommunication
ObjectCommunication

ObjectCommunication
CartoCarCommunication

CartoCarCommunication
EmergencyVehicle
 CartoCarCommunication
EmergencyVehicle

InternetofThings

43
Imagecourtesy:Wilgengebroed
 Sensordevicesarebecomingwidelyavailable
- Programmable devices
- Off-the-shelf gadgets/tools

44

PeopleConnectingtoThings

ECG sensor

Internet

Motion sensor

Motion sensor
Motion sensor

45
 MoreThings arebeingconnected

Home/daily-life devices
Business and
Public infrastructure
Health-care

46

ThingsConnectingtoThings

- Complex and heterogeneous

resources and networks

47
ApplicationScenario:Shopping
 WhatisInternetOfThings

WhatisInternetOfThings
InternetofThings IEEE 27May2015
(IEEE_IoT_Towards_Definition_Internet_of_Things_Revision1_27MAY15.pdf)

AnIoT isanetworkthatconnectsuniquelyidentifiable
ThingstotheInternet.TheThingshave
sensing/actuationandpotentialprogrammability
capabilities.Throughtheexploitationofunique
identificationandsensing,informationabouttheThing
canbecollectedandthestateoftheThingcanbe
changedfromanywhere,anytime,byanything.
 WhatisInternetOfThings
InternetofThingsfeatures
InterconnectionofThings
ConnectionofThingstotheInternet
UniquelyIdentifiableThings
Ubiquity
Sensing/Actuationcapability
Embeddedintelligence
InteroperableCommunicationCapability
Selfconfigurability
Programmability

MQTTProtocol
InventedbyAndyStanfordClark (IBM)andArlenNipper(Eurotech)in1999
OriginallyenvisionedforuseoverSatellitelinkfromanoilpipeline
MQTTProtocol

MQTTProtocol
 MQTTProtocol

Thepublish/subscribepattern
Bidirectional,Async PushCommunication

MQTT
Broker
MQTTProtocol

MQTTProtocol
 Subscribe
Aclientneedstosenda SUBSCRIBE messagetotheMQTT
brokerinordertoreceiverelevantmessages.

Subscribe
 Publish

Publish
Topics
AtopicisaUTF8string,whichisusedbythebrokertofiltermessagesforeachconnectedclient.Atopicconsists
ofoneormoretopiclevels.Eachtopiclevelisseparatedbyaforwardslash(topiclevelseparator).

QoS
AQualityofServiceLevel(QoS)forthismessage.Thelevel(0,1or2)determinestheguaranteeofamessage
reachingtheotherend

RetainFlag
Thisflagdeterminesifthemessagewillbesavedbythebrokerforthespecifiedtopicaslastknowngoodvalue.
Newclientsthatsubscribetothattopicwillreceivethelastretainedmessageonthattopicinstantlyafter
subscribing.( Broker Payload Subscribe )

Payload
Thisistheactualcontentofthemessage.

DUPflag
Theduplicateflagindicates,thatthismessageisaduplicateandisresentbecausetheotherenddidnt
acknowledgetheoriginalmessage.ThisisonlyrelevantforQoS greaterthan0

PacketIdentifier
Thepacketidentifierisauniqueidentifierbetweenclientandbrokertoidentifyamessageinamessageflow.
ThisisonlyrelevantforQoS greaterthanzero.
 QoS
QoS 0 atmostonce
Theminimalleveliszeroanditguaranteesabesteffortdelivery.Amessagewont
beacknowledgedbythereceiverorstoredandredeliveredbythesender.

QoS 1 atleastonce
itisguaranteedthatamessagewillbedeliveredatleastoncetothereceiver.The
senderwillstorethemessageuntilitgetsanacknowledgementinformof
a PUBACK commandmessagefromthereceiver.

QoS
QoS 2 Exactlyonce
ThehighestQoS is2,itguaranteesthateachmessageisreceivedonlyoncebythe
counterpart. Itisthesafestandalsotheslowestqualityofservicelevel.The
guaranteeisprovidedbytwoflowsthereandbackbetweensenderandreceiver.

Publishreceived Publishcomplete
Publishrelease
 QoS

Retainmessages
 Payload

Unsubscribe
 Connect&Disconnect

1 PublicMQTTBroker
Website URL
http://www.hivemq.com/demos/websocketclient//
 1 PublicMQTTBroker
Connect
Connect

Subscribe
AddTopicSubscription add subscribe
Subscribe

Publish
topic publish
publish
publish

MQTTbrokergetsWebsockets support

WebServer html javascript
WebBrowser Webapplication html WebServer
MQTTBroker WebSocket Javascript
 IT@KMITL Web Hosting

100M
PHP MySQL
URL http://www.it.kmitl.ac.th/~username/
Direct Admin
http://ihost.it.kmitl.ac.th
Database phpmyadmin
Upload file ftp

2 RealTimegraph
Simpleexampleofplottinglivenumbereddatafromasubscribedmqtt/websockets
topicandplottingitusinghighcharts. http://www.highcharts.com/

WebServer Webhosting
html Javascript

livemqttchart.html plot Publish
livemqttchart1.html plot realtime
mqttws31.js

Subscribe Topic
 2 RealTimegraph
1. livemqttchart.html
var MQTTbroker =xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx'; //broker
var MQTTport =3000; //port Webseocket
var MQTTsubTopic ='temp'; // topic

2. Upload 2 webhosting
3. publish topic
Publish Publish RaspberryPi Publish
Broker
Note:
Raspberry Broker Default Websocket 8888
mosquitto.conf sudo nano /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

#listenerportnumber[ip address/hostname]
listener8888

3 ControlviaWebsocket

control.html

Publish Topic
ON publish on Broker
OFF publish off Broker
 3 ControlviaWebsocket
1. control.html
var MQTTbroker =xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx'; //broker
var MQTTport =3000; //port Webseocket
var MQTTsubTopic ='temp'; // topic
....

2. Upload webhosting
3. Broker Subscribetopic
on,off Broker