SULIT* MAJLISPEPERIKSAANMAL AY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIAMALL MAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMMALAYSIA MAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAVSIAA40 1 SCEDERIKSAANIMALAYSIA MAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALA WA J) Biksaanmacaysia Ute 800/3/b Hitters op ood aaa ‘MALLE Si EPERIKSAA! iA MOULISPE rermsaariusiySaauacierererincay AP R/ MAY 2004 Misys, MAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA MAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA MAILISPEPERIKSAANMALAY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIAMAJLISPEPEHIKSAANMALAYSIA lic) MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITY ENGLISH TEST (12) ) MAJUSPEPERIKSAANIMAI AVSIANAA II ISPEDERICGAARINIAT AVEIANAA I ISPEPERIKGAANMALAYSIA MAJLISPEPERIKS? PAPER 3’ READING COMPREHENSION #/S4AniAlaysia MALILISPEPERIKSAANIMALAY SIAMAULISPEPEMIKSAANIVALAY SIAMAJLISPEPEHIKSAANMALAYSIA MAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAY SIAMAILISPEPERIKSAANMALAY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA MAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIAMAJLISP,(Two hours) ALAYSIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA MALJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAY SIAMAJLISPRPEH KS AANIMALAY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA -MALLISPEPERIKSAANMALAY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKS AANMALAY SIAMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA SPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA MAJLIS PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA (MALAYSIAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL) Instructions to candidates: DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. There are fifty questions in this test. For each question, choose the most appropriate answer. Indicate your answer in the separate answer sheet given. Read the instructions on the answer sheet carefully, Attempt all questions. This question paper consists of 18 printed pages and 2 blank pages. © Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2004 MUET 800/3/5 {Turn over *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat SULIT*SULIT* 2 Questions 1 to 15 are based on the following passage. Recently there has been great concern about long flights in cramped cabin conditions which may contribute to passengers developing Deep Vein Thrombosis (DV7). DVT is a condition where blood clots (I)____the veins of the legs. The clots (2) _ break up and travel to the heart (3) __~ other parts of the body. This could (4) _ to serious complications. In the air travel (5) , this condition has been dubbed “Economy-Class- Syndrome”. This (6) @ misnomer as DVT can affect (7) _ classes of passengers on all modes of (8) To ensure a comfortable and carefree flight, (9) are advised to wear light comfortable clothes (10) _ suitable shoes with support stockings. They should (11) drink a lot of water or fruit (12) and avoid caffeine and alcoholic beverages. When (13)___long distances, passengers should try to walk (14) possible or perform simple in-flight exercises to (15) the foot, leg, hip and back muscles in order to improve blood circulation. If passengers develop any early symptoms such as pain and swelling in the legs or difficulty in breathing, they should seek immediate medical attention. (Adapted from Going Places, July 2001) 1 A in 6 A designation I A also B. into B category B likewise C within C example C however D_ between D term D therefore 2 A. should 7 A all 12. A refreshments B have B few B_ concoctions C may C every C mixtures D must D enough D juices 3 A or 8 A travel 13 A moving B with B vehicles B travelling C from C containers © covering D through D_ transportat D transporting 4 A nn 9A visitors 14 A. somewhere B lead B consumers B_ whenever © result passengers C everywhere D change D customers D whichever 5A flights 10 A. yet 15 A train B. division B and B exercise C industry © but C transfer D_ companies D either D strengthen 800/3/5 *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat. SULIT*SULIT* 3 Questions 16 10 18 are based on the passage below. In today’s modern way of life many people do not perform much physical labour, yet fatigue is one of the most common grievances heard by doctors, friends and relatives. There are basically three main categories of fatigue: physical fatigue, pathological fatigue and chronic or psychological fatigue. Physical fatigue results from overworking our muscles to the point where metabolic waste products, that is carbon dioxide and lactic acid accumulate in our blood and sap us of our strength. We usually experience such fatigue after performing vigorous physical activities, for example, after playing a hard game of squash or climbing a mountain. The cure for such fatigue is rest, When we rest, we give our body a chance to get rid of accumulated metabolic wastes, and restore muscle fuel. When we experience pathological fatigue, it is a warning sign of some underlying physical disorder, for example, the common cold or flu or some other more serious illness like diabetes or cancer. Even after an illness has passed, we may still feel tired. Therefore, we should heed our fatigue as a signal to slow down so that our body has a chance to recover. If we resume full activity too soon, it could lead to a relapse of the illness and this may prolong our period of fatigue. To help prevent a recurrence we should watch our diet and monitor our lifestyle. Finally emotional problems and conflicts such as stress, depression and anxiety are by far the ‘most common forms of psychological fatigue. When such feelings are not expressed openly, they manifest as fatigue. Emotionally-induced fatigue may be compounded by sleep disturbance that results from underlying psychological conflict. In such a situation itis crucial to first understand the underlying emotional problem in order to reduce the tiredness. Professional psychological help may also be needed in more serious and complicated cases. Physical Psychological Cause Cause Cause 7 ___| | Underlying physical disorder | | Emotional problems and conflicts Cure Cure Cure Rest 1g || Understand problem 800/3/) [Turn over *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehinoga neneriksaan kertas ini tamat SHnrreSULIT* 164 B c ° 17 sawp 18 oO wm > 800/3/J *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat, Types of Fatigue Effects of Fatigue Common Grievances Categories of Modem Ailments Playing squash Climbing a mountain Strenuous physical activity Decrease in metabolic wastes Watch diet Resume work Change lifestyle Slow down to recover SULIT*SULIT* 5 Questions 19 to 22 are based on the following charts. Carbon dioxide emi ions, 1995 (tonnes per capita) Leading carbon polluters, 1997 United States Japan 11% Canada Germany Germany 8% Britain Britain 5% Japan mn United States 5% China Italy Brazil France 4% India Zimbabwe 16 Other nations 13% Philippines 0 5 10 15 20 (Adapted from New Straits Times, July 15 2001) 19 The chart on carbon dioxide emissions in 1995 indicates that A B c D 20 Which of the following statements is not true regarding the statist the United States emitted twice as much carbon dioxide as Canada Britain rek ised more carbon dioxide in comparison to the United States Canada released approximately three times more carbon dioxide than China Germany and Britain contributed to more than 50 per cent of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere son leading carbon polluters? A. United States was the leading carbon polluter in 1997. B_ Germany released twice as much carbon as France. Japan and Italy contributed to a quarter of the total carbon pollution. D_ Germany and Britain emitted as much carbon as sixteen other nations. 800/3/3 [Turn over *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat, SULIT*SULIT* 6 21 What conclusion can you draw from the above charts? A. Canada is the second main contributor to global warming. B_ China is predicted to be the top Asian contributor to global warming. C Asian countries contribute more to global warming than European countries. D_ United States, Canada and Germany are the major contributors to global warming 22 A suitable title for the above charts is ‘A. Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Polluters B_ Leading Contributors of Global Warming Types of Greenhouse Gases Causing Global Warming D A Comparison of Countries Releasing Greenhouse Gases 800/3/3 *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat, SULIT*SULIT* 7 Questions 23 to 29 are based on the following passage. 1 am a motivational researcher, which means I practise cultural anthropology. I 1 don’t go to New Guinea to make observations. I study instead inhabitants in the countries such as the United States, Britain, France and Germany. Here I occupy myself with the habits and products of everyday life, among them —cars. The answers I have received from asking thousands of people, in various 5 2 countries, why they own cars, have rarely been adequate. The real explanation, the real motivation, lies much deeper. It stems from a basic human desire, Some people often see their cars as an extension of their egos, But the horsepower of a car is very quickly expropriated and adapted to become the power of the motorist. Every person is born with an inferior feeling. He’s much smaller 10 3 than all the people around him, and there are a thousand things that he cannot do. ‘We all dream of some day becoming Superman, Driving cars allows us partially to satisfy this wish, It is no coincidence that cars often carry the names of ageressive animals or speedy winds such as Wildcat, Mustang, Fury, and Thunderbird. There’s a close relationship between car history and personal life history. All 15 dates referring to car ownership stand out in the owner's mind. People recall, with 4 amazing accuracy, the dates of the car's purchase. A car represents, to many of us, life itself. Driving a car is mastery of life. In a recent study on seat belts and safety, we found that some people feel reluctant to use a seat belt because they get the feeling from it that the automobile takes control, and masters them. 20 One of the major pleasures of owning a sports car is speed ~ but almost of equal importance is the ability to produce noise. In a recent study, where we 5 interviewed young men who woke quiet villages by racing through the middle of the night, we found that one of their major motivations was, indeed, the desire to shock. 25 One of the chief aims of a young man, once he reached the driving age, is to become the proud possessor of a car. Driving compensates, to some extent, for lack of achievement. We all need success and we are impatient for it. Driving is 6 part of a universal search for social security in a society where security can be attained through facing danger, overcoming obstacles, and coping with ever- 30 changing situations. A car is also, of course, an instrument of death and danger. Speed, in itself, has an interesting psychological explanation, It is a way of overcoming obstacles. Speeding provides pleasure because of the illusion it offers us that we are 7 masters of our destiny. Life normally slows us down; it is full of obstacles. The 35 landscape, the distance, is the enemy. Speeding through it gives us the feeling of “We can make it”. (Adapted from English for the Office by Peter Little, Longmans: London, 1973) 800/31) [Turn over *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peneriksaan kertas ini tamat. SULIT*SULIT* 8 23 What does the writer do? A. He studies types of transport. B_ He researches about the habits of people. C He teaches people how to motivate themselves. D_ He studies people’s behaviour and its relation to things. 24 When the writer says that the answers he received have rarely been adequate (line 6), he ‘means that the responses he received from his subjects have ‘A. been very good B_ been satisfactory C seldom been sufficient D always left him disillusioned 25 The expression an extension of their egos (ine 8) suggests that A. cars are measured by the horsepower of the vehicle B cars can be adapted accordingly to suit the motorist who drives it C_the horsepower of the car is a reflection of the man who drives it D_ the horsepower of a car is a means of measurement of the value of the car 26 The writer justifies his opinion that every person is bora with an inferior feeling (line 10) by saying that A man has so many dreams and owning a car is like a dream come true B_ man sees himself as smaller than the rest of the world and wants to be noticed C_ man seems incapable of doing many things so he feels driving gives him the power to take control D_ man needs to give cars names of aggressive animals and speedy winds so that they can feel superior 27 The word them (line 20) refers to the A. drivers B seat belts C_ passengers D_ automobiles 28. Which of the following idea is not expressed in paragraph 6? A. Speeding is one of the pleasures derived from owning a sports car B_ Owning a vehicle substitutes for the lack of success for some motorists CC. One way of attaining social security is by overcoming dangerous situations. D Overcoming life’s obstacles by speeding is one way of coping with changing situations. 800/3/I *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat. SULIT*SULIT* 9 29 In what way can speeding give us the feeling that we can make it (line 37)? A It provides us a momentary feeling of intense pleasure. B_ It gives us the illusion that we can overcome all obstacles that slow us down in life. C_Ithelps us overcome physical obstacles like the landscape and the distance before us. D It contributes to the positive feeling that we are able to take control of our own lives. 800/3/0 [Turn over #Kprtas cnalan ini SUIT TT cehinaaa nenerikcaan kertas ini tamat SuneSULIT* 10 Questions 30 to 36 are based on the following passage. Latest research in genetic food engineering indicates that army scientists have found a way of using the food that soldiers eat to protect them from accidentally being shot at by their own side. These special meals contain compounds that are expelled from pores in the skin or from soldiers’ breath. When viewed by specially 1 equipped pilots or satellites above a battlefield, the troops would appear to be 5 briefly coloured. They might be yellow on one day and red the next, to prevent the enemy from copying the formula. The researchers behind the idea believe it could prevent so-called “fratricide” or “friendly fire” incidents in which soldiers are killed by their own side in the confusion of war, The revolutionary technique is the brainchild of the American military, which 10 has gained an unenviable reputation for accidentally gunning down allied troops. Its scientists have been working on friendly fire solutions ever since the notorious incident during the 1991 Gulf War when nine British soldiers were killed. An American A-10 Tankbuster pilot opened fire on them, thinking they were Iraqi special forces. 1s The Americans hope the food additive, tested in the laboratory, will become 3 standard issue. Once the biomarker has been ingested and metabolised, soldiers remain “tagged” for about 24 hours, allowing them to be tracked by aircraft or satellites. The development has been welcomed by British fliers. One pilot from a British 20 Jaguar squadron said: “It is every pilot's worst nightmare. You are moving so fast 4 and have so much to do in the cockpit that you might have just a single second to decide whether to fire or not. If this solves that problem, then I would say it is a good thing,” A spokesman from the British military added that: “food is now more than just 5 the thing you need to live. Better food produces better soldiers. Most armies are working on nutrition-based solutions to some problems, including ours — although I don’t think they've got to the stage of biomarkers yet.” Other changes are planned, exploiting the technology of genetic engineering, Work is already under way on edible plants that grow in three days rather than 30 several weeks so that soldiers could live off food cultivated on the move. The report also examines the possible ways of tailoring food to provide soldiers with extra energy or stamina, depending on the conditions they have to cope with. So- called “functional foods” which can deliver extra nutrients are seen as giving an 6 advantage in battle, For example, infantrymen might be given chicken stew to 35 release energy slowly over time. This is aimed at fortifying them for marching across open country. Tank crews would have the same meal but with less “energy” included. In addition, field rations could contain anti-microbial factors that would reduce or eliminate the need to send powered refrigeration equipment into the field. Even soldiers’ comfort would be increased by the food they eat. The report 40 suggests the development of “candy bars” with special nutrients that could increase body temperature in cold weather or reduce it in hot spells. (Adapted from New Straits Times, July 8 2001) 800/3/3 *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat SULIT*SULIT* WM 30. The new special meals can help pilots ‘A differentiate their friends from their enemies B separate the soldiers from their surroundings C protect themselves from their enemies D_ locate their enemies 31. The word expelled (line 4) can best be replaced with A. released B_ ejected C_ kicked out D taken out 32 What is the unenviable reputation (line 11) that the Americans have gained? A. Shooting down their own soldiers B_ Tracking down their enemies with great precision C_ Preparing special meals that help pilots identify their friends D Developing genetically engineered food to produce better soldiers 33. “It is every pilot's worst nightmare” (line 21). The nightmare here refers to ‘A. flying the plane at a very fast speed B_ opening fire when there is a confusion of colours below making the decision whether to shoot or not when flying D_ cating special food that may leave one tagged for 24 hours 34. Research in genetic engineering of food has not helped in A producing and growing edible plants B_ developing food that will stay fresh longer C developing greater energy and stamina-giving food D_ producing food that helps soldiers release energy quickly 35. What is paragraph 6 mainly about? A. The advantages of functional food B_ The race to develop better soldiers in all armies C_ The many forms of genetically engineered food D Using genetic food engineering to help soldiers 800/3/5 [Turn over #Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingea veveriksaan kertas ini tamat. SULIT*SULIT* 12 36 The main purpose of the writer is to A B c D 800/3/F explain how special meals can help tag soldiers inform the readers about the developments in the army describe how pilots can help win wars with spei meals highlight the advances made by army scientists in food technology *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat SULIT*SULIT* 13 Questions 37 to 43 are based on the following passage. Ramu’s mother waited till he was halfway through dinner and then introduced the subject of marriage. Ramu merely replied, “So you are at it again!” He appeared more amused than angry, and so she brought out her favourite points one by one: her brother’s daughter was getting on to fourteen, the girl was good-looking and her brother was prepared to give a handsome dowry; she 5 (Ramu’s mother) was getting old and wanted a holiday from housekeeping: she might die any moment and then who would cook Ramu’s food and look after him? And the most indisputable argument: a man’s luck changed with marriage. “The harvest depends not on the hand that holds the plough but on 1 the hand which holds the pot.” Earlier in the evening Ramu’s mother had 10 decided that if he refused again or exhibited the usual sullenness at the mention of marriage, she would leave him to his fate; she would leave him absolutely alone even if she saw him falling down before a coming train. She would never interfere in his affairs. She realized what a resolute mind she possessed, and felt proud of the fact. That was the kind of person one ought to be. It was 15 all very well having a mother’s heart and so on, but even a mother could have a limit to her feelings. If Ramu thought he could do what he pleased just because she was only a mother, she would show him he was mistaken. If he was going to slight her judgement and feelings, she was going to show how indifferent she herself could be . . 20 With so much preparation she broached the subject of marriage and presented a formidable array of reasons. But Ramu just brushed them aside 2 and spoke slightingly of the appearance of her brother’s daughter. And then she announced,“This is the last time | am speaking about this. Hereafter | will leave you alone. Even if | see you drowning I will never ask why you are 25 drowning. Do you understand?” “Yes.” Ramu brooded. He could not get through his intermediate even at the fourth attempt; he could not get a job, even at twenty rupees a month. And here was Mother worrying him to marry. Of all girls, his uncle's! That protruding tooth alone would put off any man. It was incredible that he should 30 3. be expected to marry that girl. He had always felt that when he married he would marry a girl like Rezia, whom he had seen in two or three Hindi films. Life was rusty and sterile, and Ramu lived in a stage of perpetual melancholia and depression; he loafed away his time, or slept, or read old newspapers in a free reading room... 35 He now sat before his dining leaf and brooded. His mother watched him 4 for a moment and said, “I hate your face. I hate anyone who sits before his leaf with that face. A woman only ten days old in widowhood would put on a more cheerful look.” 5 “You are saying all sorts of things because I refuse to marry your brother’s 40 daughter,” he replied. “What do I care? She is a fortunate girl and will get a really decent 6 husband.” Ramu’s mother hated him for his sullenness. It was this gloomy look that she hated in people. It was unbearable. She spoke for a few minutes, and he asked, “When are you going to shut up?” 45 800/3/) [Turn over *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga neneriksaan kertas ini tamat. SULIT*SULIT* 14 37 “My life is nearly over,” said his mother. “You will see me shutting up once and for all very soon, Don’t be impatient. You ask me to shut up! Has it come to this?” “Well, I only asked you to give me some time to eat.” “Oh, yes. You will have it soon, my boy. When I am gone you will have 50 plenty of time, my boy.” Ramu did not reply. He ate his food in silence. “I only want you to look a little more human when you eat,” she said. “How is it possible with this food?” asked Ramu, “What do you say?” screamed the mother. “If you are so fastidious, work 55 and earn like all men, Throw down the money and demand what you want. Don’t command when you are a pauper.” When the meal was over, Ramu was seen putting on his sandals. “Where are you going?” asked the mother. “Going out,” he curtly replied, and walked out, leaving the street door ajar. 60 Her duties for the day were over. She had scrubbed the floor of the kitchen, washed the vessels and put them in a shining row on the wooden shelf, returned the short scrubbing broom to its corner and closed the kitchen window. (Adapted from An extract from Mother and Son by R.K. Narayan in ‘The MeGraw-IlI Introduction to Literature, 2" Edition. 1985. New York: McGraw-Hill) The harvest depends not on the hand that holds the plough but on the hand which holds the pot. (lines 9 and 10). This sentence means 39 ‘A. good fortune lies with the woman B__good fortune is dependent on hard work © awoman who can cook is a blessing to her husband D_asuccessful marriage is dependent on shared responsibility Of all the reasons given by Ramu’s mother, which is considered the strongest? A. She was growing old. B Luck can change with marriage. C_ The girl was young and beautiful, D There would be a handsome dowry. The writer’s intention of leaving the sentence open (line 20) is to show, that Ramu’s mother A. can be as difficult as her son B_ wonders why she allowed herself to be bullied Cis undecided if Ramu should be punished for his disobedience D_ is.unsure if she would have the chance to talk to Ramu about marriage again 800/3/) *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat. SULIT*SULIT* 15 40, Ramu is not keen to marry for the following reasons except A_ he was unemployed he considered the girl ugly ow he already has a girl friend ° he felt his life was empty and meaningless 1 Has it come to this? (lines 47 and 48) suggests that Ramu's mother is A upset with his impatience B_ angry about his lack of respect disappointed with his lack of drive D worried that she would not live long enough 42. Which of the following best sums up the short story? A. Problems in matchmaking B_ All mothers nag their children C_ It is common for sons to be disobedient D Conflicts in a mother and son relationship 43 What impression of Ramu’s mother can you gather from the story? 1 Persistent I Cheerful II Manipulative IV Sensitive A’ LIL, and IL B 1,1, andIV C 1,1, and IV D Il, Ill, and IV 800/3/5 *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat. {Turn over SULIT*SULIT* 16 Questions 44 10 50 are based on the following passage. Research indicates that the culture in which we live influences and shapes our feelings, attitudes, and interactions with others. It is because of our culture that cach of us has knowledge, beliefs, values and behaviours that we share with others who have the same cultural heritage. These past experiences handed down from generation to generation, influence our values of what is attractive and what is 5 1 ugly, what is acceptable behaviour and what is not and what is right and what is wrong. Our culture also teaches us how to interpret the world, From our culture we learn things such as how close to stand to strangers, how to greet friends and strangers, and how to display anger appropriately. Since each culture has a unique way of approaching these situations, we find diversity in cultural behaviours 10 throughout the world. Learning about cultural diversity provides us with better knowledge and skills for more effective communication in intercultural situations. The first step in being a good intercultural communicator is to know your own culture and to know yourself — in other words, to reflect thoughtfully on how you perceive things and 15 how you act on those perceptions. Second, the more we know about the different 2 cultural beliefs, values, and attitudes of our global neighbours, the better prepared we will be to recognize and to understand the differences in their cultural behaviours, The knowledge of cultural differences and self-knowledge of how we usually respond to those differences can make us aware of hidden prejudices and 20 stereotypes, which are barriers to tolerance, understanding, and good communication, The cultural behaviours of people from the same country can be referred to collectively as cultural patterns. The common cultural patterns that apply to the entire country represent the dominant culture in a society. The dominant cultural 25 pattern does not necessarily apply to everyone living in that society. Our 3 perception of the world does not develop only because of our culture. Many other factors contribute to the development of individual views. When we refer to a dominant cultural pattern we are referring to the patterns that foreigners are most likely to encounter. We also need to remember that culture is dynamic and the 30 needs and values of individuals change. Cultural patterns will also change. ‘One example of such a change is the status of women in American culture After World War II, women began to work outside the home and started to share 4 the previously male role of family provider. At the same time, family roles shifted to accommodate the working wife and mother, and men had to assume more responsibility for maintaining the home, like helping to cook, clean and care for the children. ‘Value dimensions are a group of interrelated values that have a significant impact on all cultures. Hofstede (1980) developed a classification system that identifies the different value systems, which are influenced and modified by 40 5 culture like individualism, collectivism and power distance. In individualistic cultures, each individual is the most important part of the social structure, and is valued for his or her own unique persona. In collective cultures, on the other hand, individuals are very loyal to all the people they are part of, including the work place, the family and the commu 45 800/3/5 *Kertas soalan it SULIT sehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat sULIT*SULIT* 7 44 45 47 48 Some cultures have high-power distances and others have low-power distances. High-power-distance cultures believe that authority is essential in social structure, and strict social classes and hierarchy exist in these countries. In low- power cultures people may interact with other people without power on an equal level. 50, (Adapted from Peace Education by Matikainen,T. & Duffy, CB. in Forum, July 2000) ‘The main idea in paragraph 1 is A how culture is inherited B_ diversity in cultural behaviours Chow culture influences our behaviour D__ knowledge gained from cultural understanding The word prejudices (line 20) can best be replaced with A. bias B_ distortions intolerance D contradictions In paragraph 3, cultural patterns in a society is defined as A. the cultural behaviour of all the people B_ the dominant cultural behaviour of the majority C the dominant cultural behaviour among a minority group D_ the cultural behaviour that foreigners perceive as the dominant culture ‘The writer cited the example of American women in paragraph 4 to support the idea that A. culture is dynamic B_ women have a fixed cultural role C culture can restrict one’s development D males are no longer the sole breadwinners Which of the following ideas is not considered in Hofstede’s classification system? A. Individuals always think of themselves first. B In individual cultures the individual is valued for his own self. C In collective cultures individuals are loyal to their own community. D In high-power distance cultures individuals maintain their status quo. 800/31 [Turn over +*Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehinega neneriksaan kertas ini tamat. SULIT*SULIT* 18 49. The writers of this article expressed all the following ideas except A. the attitudes of different communities towards value dimensions B_ a classification system can help us to understand culture Can awareness of the differences between cultures D the importance of intra-cultural relations 50 In this article the writers’ main aim is to A justify the diversity of cultures B_ compare and contrast different cultures C_ explain why the individual is a result of culture D argue that individualism is superior to collectivism 800/31 *Kertas soalan ini SULIT sehingga peneriksaan kertas ini tamat. SULIT*