Tai Lieu Hoc Tap Tron Bo Hoa 12

Chng I.
ESTE LIPIT
A. ESTE
I.Khi nim :
* V d:
-> Khi thay nhm OH nhm cacboxyl ca axit cacboxylic bng nhm OR th c este
* Cng thc
- Este n chc : RCOOR
Trong :
+ R l gc hidrocacbon hay H;
+ R l gc hidrocacbon

- Este no n chc : CnH2nO2 ( vi n 2)
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nCO2 nH 2O
* ESTE t chy to thnh CO2 v H2O. Nu l este no n chc, h

* Tn ca este : Tn gc R + tn gc axit RCOO (ui at)
Ex:
II.L tnh :
- L cht lng hoc rn nhit thng, khng tan trong nc
- Nhit si, tan trong nc thp hn axit v ancol c cng s cacbon :
axit >phenol> ancol > este.
* L do:
- Mi c trng : Isoamyl axetat : mi chui chn ; etyl butirat, etyl propionat c mi da.
III.Tnh cht ha hc:
*Cu to
a.Thy phn trong mi trng axit :to ra 2 lp cht lng, l phn ng thun nghch(2 chiu )

H 2 SO4 d
to
RCOOR + H2O RCOOH + ROH
b.Thy phn trong mi trng baz ( Phn ng x phng ha ) : l phn ng 1 chiu

0
t
RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH
1

c. Mt s ch :
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IV.IU CH:
0

H 2 SO
4 t,
- Axit + Ancol Este + H2O

........................................................................
0

H 2 SO4 t,

RCOOH + ROH RCOOR + H2O.
-
vd: ...............................................................................................................................................................
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* Trng tm:
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* CH trc nghim
1. Este c CTPT C2H4O2 c tn gi no sau y:
A. metyl axetat B. metyl propionat C. metyl fomat D. etyl fomat
2. S ng phn este ng vi cng thc phn t C4H8O2 l:A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
3. un nng este CH3COOCH=CH2 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn phm thu c l
A. CH2=CHCOONa v CH3OH. B. CH3COONa v CH3CHO.
C. CH3COONa v CH2=CHOH. D. C2H5COONa v CH3OH.
4. un nng este X c CTPT C4H8O2 trong dd NaOH thu c mui natri v ancol metylic, vy X l: A. etyl
axetat B. propyl fomat C.isopropyl fomat D. metyl propionat
5. Este no sau y sau khi thy phn trong mi trng kim (dd NaOH), thu c hn hp sn phm gm 2
cht u tham gia phn ng trng gng vi dd AgNO3/NH3
2
A. HCOOCH2CH3 B. CH3COOCH2CH3
C. HCOOCH=CH-CH3 D. HCOOCH2CH=CH2.
6. un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn ng t ti trng thi
cn bng, thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ha l:
A. 50% B. 62,5% C. 55% D. 75%
7. Thy phn 0,1 mol este CH3COOC6H5 cn dng bao nhiu mol NaOH
A. 0,1 mol B. 0,2 mol C. 0,3 mol D. 0,4 mol.
8. Cho 6 gam mt este ca axit cacboxylic no n chc v ancol no n chc phn ng va vi 100 ml dung
dch NaOH 1M. Tn gi ca este l:
A. etyl axetat. B. propyl fomiat. C. metyl axetat. D. metyl fomiat.
9. X phng ha 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton,
c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l:
A. 3,28 gam. B. 8,56 gam. C. 8,2 gam. D. 10,4 gam.
10. t chy hon ton 7,8 gam este X thu c 11,44 gam CO 2 v 4,68 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca este
l
A. C4H8O4 B. C4H8O2 C. C2H4O2 D. C3H6O2
11. Thu phn hon ton 11,44 gam este no, n chc, mch h X vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 1,3M (va )
thu c 5,98 gam mt ancol Y. Tn gi ca X l
A. Etyl fomat B. Etyl axetat C. Etyl propionat D. Propyl axetat
12. un 12 gam axit axetic vi ancol etylic (H2SO4,t0). Khi lng ca este thu c l bao nhiu, bit hiu
sut phn ng t 80 % ?
A.14,08 gam B.17,6 gam C.22 gam D.15,16 gam
3
B. LIPIT
I. Khi nim:
Lipit l nhng hp cht hu c c trong t bo sng, khng ha tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong
dung mi hu c khng phn cc.
Phn loi : cht bo, sp, steroit, photpholipit
II. Cht bo:

1/ Khi nim:
* V d:
->Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi axit bo gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol.
Cng thc:R1COO-CH2 R1,R2,R3: l gc hidrocacbon

|
2
R COO-CH
|
3
R COO-CH2
Ex:
2/ Tnh cht vt l:
* nhit thng, cht bo trng thi:
- Lng khi trong phn t c gc hidrocacbon khng no.
- trng thi rn khi trong phn t c gc hidrocacbon no.
* Khng tan tong nc, nh hn nc, tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c nh benzen, hexan,
clorofom
3/ Tnh cht ha hc:
a.Phn ng thy phn:

t o
H
tristearin + H2O
b. Phn ng x phng ha:
4
t0

tripanmitin + NaOH
c. Phn ng cng hidro ca cht bo lng thnh cht bo rn (b nhn to)

0
t , Ni
triolein + H2
* Ch :
- Du m lu trong khng kh thng c mi kh chu( b hi). Nguyn nhn:
- Khng n du m qua s dng.

4/ ng dng
- Ngun cung cp dinh dng quan trng cho con ngi
- iu ch x phng v glixeron
- Ti ch thnh nhin liu
* Trng tm:
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* CH trc nghim
1 Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A.Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit monocacboxylic c mch cacbon di, khng phn nhnh.
B.Cht bo cha ch yu cc gc no ca axit cacboxylic, thng l cht rn nhit phng.
C.Cht bo cha ch yu cc gc khng no ca axit cacboxylic, thng l cht lng nhit phng v c
gi l du.
D.Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng kim l phn ng thun nghch.
2 Cht bo c c im chung no sau y?
A.Khng tan trong nc, nng hn nc, c trong thnh phn chnh ca du, m ng thc vt.
B.Khng tan trong nc, nh hn nc, c trong thnh phn chnh ca du, m ng thc vt.
C.L cht lng, khng tan trong nc, nh hn nc, c trong thnh phn chnh ca du, m ng thc vt.
D.L cht rn, khng tan trong nc, nh hn nc, c trong thnh phn chnh ca du, m ng thc vt.
3 Khi cho mt cht bo tc dng vi kim s thu c glixerol v:
A.Mt mui ca axit bo B.Hai mui ca axit bo
C.Ba mui ca axit bo D.Mt hn hp mui ca axit bo.
4 Phn ng thy phn este trong dung dch kim (NaOH) cn gi l:
A.phn ng este ha B.phn ng thy phn ha
C.phn ng x phng ha D.phn ng oxi ha
5Cho cc pht biu sau:
a/ Trong phn t este ca axit cacboxylic c nhm COOR vi R l gc hidrocacbon
b/ Cc este khng tan trong nc v ni ln trn mt nc do chng khng to c lin kt hidro vi nc v nh
hn nc
c/ Du n v m bi trn my c cng thnh phn nguyn t
5
d/ Cht bo l este ca glixerol v axit cacboxylic mch cacbon di khng phn nhnh.
Nhng pht biu ng l: A. a, b, c, d B. b, c, d C. a, b, d D. a, b, c
6. Cho glixerol phn ng vi hn hp axit bo gm C17H35COOH v C15H31COOH, s loi trieste c to ra
ti a l: A. 6. B. 3. C. 5. D. 4.
7.Khi x phng ha tristearin ta thu c sn phm l
A. C15H31COONa v etanol. B. C17H35COOH v glixerol.
C. C15H31COOH v glixerol. D. C17H35COONa v glixerol.
8. trung ho 14 gam mt cht bo cn 1,5 ml dung dch KOH 1M. Ch s axit ca cht bo l : A. 6
B. 5 C. 7 D. 8
9.X phng ho hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu
c khi lng x phng l:
10.un nng cht bo cn va 40 kg dung dch NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra hon ton. Khi lng
(kg) glixerol thu c l
A. 13,8 B. 4,6 C. 6,975 D. 9,2
6
LUYN TP ESTE LIPIT
ESTE
Dng 1: L thuyt
Cu 1. Pht biu no sau y khng ng:
A. c im ca phn ng este ha l phn ng khng thun nghch.
B. c im ca phn ng este ha l phn ng thun nghch.
C. Trong phn ng este ha, axit sunfuric c va ng vai tr l cht xc tc va c tc dng ht nc.
D. Este lun c nhit si thp hn axit cacboxylic to ra n.
Cu 2. Este oc to thnh t axit no , n chc v ancol, n chc c cng thc cu to nh p n no sau
y?
A. CnH2n-1COOCmH2m+1 B. CnH2n-1COOCmH2m-1
C. CnH2n+1COOCmH2m +1 D. CnH2n+1COOCmH2m-1
Cu 3: Khi thy phn vinylaxetat trong mi trng axit thu c nhng cht g?
A. axit axetic v ru vinilic B. Axit axetic v ru etylic
C. axit axetic v andehit axetic D. Axit axetic v axeton
Cu 4. Phn ng tng tc ca ru to thnh este c tn gi l g?
A. Phn ng trung ha B Phn ng ngng t
C. Phn ng este ha D. Phn ng kt hp.
Cu 5. Phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng kim khi un nng c gi l?
A. X phng ha B. Hirt ha C. Crackinh D. S ln men.
Cu 6. Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to sau y:
(1) CH3CH2COOCH3 ; (2) CH3OOCCH3 ; (3) HCOOC2H5 ; (4) CH3COOH ;
(5) CH3CHCOOCH3 ; (6) HOOCCH2CH2OH ; (7) CH3OOCCOOC2H5
Nhng cht thuc loi este l:
A. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) B. (1), (2), (3), (5), (7)
C. (1), (2), (4), (6), (7) D. (1), (2), (3), (6), (7)
Cu 7. C4H8O2 c bao nhiu ng phn tc dng vi dung dch NaOH?
A.6 B.3 C.4 D.5
Cu 8. Metyl Propionat l tn gi ca hp cht c cng thc cu to :
A. HCOOC3H7. B. C2H5COOCH3 C. C3H7COOH D. C2H5COOH
Cu 9. Metyl fomiat c th cho c phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Natri kim loi
C. Dung dch AgNO3 trong amoniac D. C (A) v (C) u ng
Cu 10. Phn ng este ha gia ru etylic v axit axetic to thnh sn phm c tn gi l g? A. Metyl
axetat B. Axyl etylat C. Etyl axetat D. Axetyl etylat
Cu 11. Hp cht X c cng thc cu to CH3OOCCH2CH3. Tn gi ca X l:
A. etyl axetat B. metyl propionat C. metyl axetat D. propyl axetat
Cu 12. Cht no sau y c tn gi l vinyl axetat?
A. CH2=CHCOOCH3 B. CH3COOCH=CH2
C. CH3COOC2H5 D. CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3
Cu 13. Este c cng thc phn t C3H6O2 c gc ancol l etyl th axit to nn este l:
A. axit axetic B. Axit propanoic C. Axit propionic D. Axit fomic
Cu 14. Este C4H8O2 c gc ancol l metyl th axit to nn este l
A. axit oxalic. B. axit butiric. C. axit propionic. D. axit axetic.
Cu 15: Hai hp cht hu c (X) v (Y) c cng cng thc phn t C 2H4O2. (X) cho c phn ng vi dung
dch NaOH nhng khng phn ng vi Na, (Y) va cho c phn ng vi dung dch NaOH va phn ng
c vi Na. Cng thc cu to ca (X) v (Y) ln lt l:
A. H-COOCH3 v CH3COOH B. HO-CH2-CHO v CH3COOH
C. H-COOCH3 v CH3-O-CHO D. CH3COOH v H-COOCH3.
Cu 16. Cho 0.01 mol este hu c mch h X phn ng va vi 0.03 mol KOH. X thuc lai este: A. n
chc B. Hai chc C. Ba chc D. Khng xc nh
Cu 17. Du chui c tn gi l iso amyl axetat c iu ch t:
A. CH3COOH, CH3OH B. (CH3)2CHCH2OH, CH3COOH
7
C. CH3COOH, C2H5OH D. CH3COOH , (CH3)2CH CH2CH2OH
Cu 18. Thy phn este A trong mi trng axit thu c hn hp 2 cht u tham gia phn ng trng gng.
Cng thc cu to ca A l:
A. CH3COOCH=CH2 B. HCOOCH2CH=CH2
C. HCOOC(CH3)=CH2 D. HCOOCH=CH-CH3
Cu 19. Thy phn este C4H6O2 trong mi trng axit th ta thu c mt hn hp cc cht u c phn ng
trng gng. Vy cng thc cu to ca este c th l p n no sau y?
A. CH3-COO- CH=CH2 B. H-COO-CH2-CH=CH2
C. H-COO-CH=CH-CH3 D. CH2=CH-COO-CH3
Cu 20. Thu phn hn hp metyl axetat v etyl axetat trong dd NaOH un nng, sau phn ng ta thu c
A. 1 mui v 1 ancol. B. 1 mui v 2 ancol.
C. 2 mui v 1 ancol. D. 2 mui v 2 ancol.
Cu 21. Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H8O2, khi thy phn trong mi trng axit thu oc ru
etylic,CTCT ca C4H8O2 l
A. C3H7COOH B. CH3COOC2H5 C. HCOOC3H7 D. C2H5COOCH3
Cu 22. Dy cht no sau y c sp xp theo chiu nhit si ca cc cht tng dn?
A. CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5, CH3CH2CH2OH
B. CH3COOH, CH3CH2CH2OH CH3COOC2H5,
C. CH3CH2CH2OH , CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5
D. CH3COOC2H5 ,CH3CH2CH2OH , CH3COOH
Cu 23. Thu phn este C2H5COOCH=CH2 trong mi trng axit to nhng sn phm g? A.C2H5COOH,
CH2=CH-OH B.C2H5COOH, HCHO
C.C2H5COOH, CH3CHO D.C2H5COOH, CH3CH2OH
Cu 24. C bao nhiu ng phn l este c cng thc phn t C8H8O2 khi b x phng ho cho ra hai mui?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
Cu 25. Phn ng no sau y xy ra:
A. CH3COOCH3 + Na. B. CH3COOH + AgNO3/NH3.
C. CH3COOCH3 + NaOH. D. CH3OH + NaOH
Cu 26. Cho ln lt cc cht: C6H5OH, CH3CH2Cl, CH3CH2OH, CH3COCH3, CH3COOCH3, CH3COOH tc
dng vi dd NaOH, un nng. S phn ng xy ra l
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
Cu 27. Sn phm ca phn ng thu phn cht no sau y khng cho phn ng trng bc ?
A. CH2=CHCOOCH3 B. CH3COOCH=CH2
C. HCOOC2H5 D. HCOOCH=CH2
Cu 28. Cho cc phn ng sau:
1) Thy phn este trong mi trng axit.
2) Thy phn este trong dung dch NaOH, un nng.
3) Cho este tc dng vi dung dch KOH, un nng.
4) Thy phn dn xut halogen trong dung dch NaOH, un nng.
5) Cho axit hu c tc dng vi dung dch NaOH.
Cc phn ng KHNG c gi l phn ng x phng ha l:
A. 1, 2, 3, 4 B. 1, 4, 5 C. 1, 3, 4, 5 D. 3, 4, 5
Cu 29. Khi t chy hon ton hn hp cc este no, n chc, mch h th sn phm thu c c:
A. s mol CO2 = s mol H2O B. s mol CO2 > s mol H2O
C. s mol CO2 < s mol H2O D. khng d kin xc nh.
Cu 30. Cho cc cht: phenol, axit acrylic, axit fomic, metyl axetat ln lt phn ng vi Na, dd NaOH un
nng. S lng phn ng xy ra l
A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8.
Dng 2: t chy
Cu 1. Khi t chy hon ton mt este no, n chc th s mol CO 2 sinh ra bng s mol O2 phn ng. Tn
gi ca este l
A. metyl fomiat. B. etyl axetat. C. n-propyl axetat. D. metyl axetat.
Cu 2. t mt este thu dc 13.2g CO2 v 5.4g H2O. X thuc lai?
8
A. Este no B. Este no n chc B. Este n C. Este n c 1 ni C=C
Cu 3. Mt este no, n chc, mch h khi chy cho 1,8 g H2O v V lt CO2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24. B. 4,48. C. 3,36. D. 1,12.
Cu 4. Este X no, n chc, mch h c phn trm khi lng oxi xp x bng 36,364%. CTPT ca X l
A. C2H4O2.. B. C4H8O2. C. C3H6O2 D. CH2O2.
Cu 5. Ho hi 2,2 gam este E no, n chc 136,50C v 1 atm th thu c 840 ml hi. CTPT ca E l:
A. C4H6O2 B. C4H8O2 C. C5H10O2 D. C3H6O2
Cu 6. Khi cho bay hi 10,56 gam cht hu c A th th tch ca A bng vi th tch ca 3,84 gam oxi trong
cng iu kin. Khi un nng A vi dung dch NaOH th thu c mt mui v mt ancol. Bit A khng c kh
nng tham gia phn ng trng bc. CTCT ca A l:
A. C3H7COOH B. HCOOC3H7 C. C6H5COOC2H5 D. CH3COOC2H5
Cu 7. Lm bay hi 0,37 gam este no chim th tch bng th tch ca 1,6 gam O2 trong cng iu kin. Este
trn c s ng phn l:
A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4
Cu 8. Este A iu ch t ancol metylic c t khi so vi metan l 3,75. Cng thc ca A l:

A. C2H5COOCH3. B. HCOOCH3. C. C2H5COOC2H5. D. HCOOC2H5.
Cu 9. Trong cng iu kin nhit v p sut , mt lt hi este E nng gp i mt lt kh CO2. E c cu to:

A. HCOOC3H7 B. CH3COOC2H5 C. C2H5COOCH3 D. Tt c u ng
Cu 10. t chy hon ton 1,1 gam este n chc X thu c 2,2 gam CO2 v 0,9 gam nc. Cho 4,4 gam
X tc dng va vi 50 ml dung dch NaOH 1M th to ra 4,8 g mui. CTCT ca X l:
A. C2H5COOCH3 B. CH3COOCH3 C. CH3COOC2H5 D.
C2H5COOH
Cu 11. Mt este n chc no c 48,65 % C trong phn t th s ng phn este l:

A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4
Cu 12. t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp gm etyl axetat v etyl propionat thu c 31,36 lit kh CO 2
(ktc). Khi lng H2O thu c l
A. 25,2 gam B. 50,4 gam C. 12,6 gam D. 100,8 gam
Cu 13. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp 2 este no, n chc, mch h cn dung 30,24 lt O2 (ktc), sau
phn ng thu c 48,4 gam kh CO2. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 68,2 gam B. 25 gam C. 19,8 gam D. 43 gam
9
Dng 3: Este ha
Cu 1. un mt lng d axit axetic vi 13,80 gam ancol etylic (c axit H 2SO4 c lm xc tc). n khi phn
ng dng li thu c 11,0 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ha l bao nhiu?
A. 75.0% B. 62.5% C. 60.0% D. 41.67%
Cu 2. Tnh khi lng este metyl metacrylat thu c khi un nng 215 gam axit metacrylic vi 100 gam
ru metylic. Gi thit phn ng este ha t hiu sut 60%.
A. 125 gam B. 150gam C. 175gam D. 200gam
Cu 3. Cho 1,84 g axit fomic tc dng vi ancol etylic d, nu H = 25% th khi lng este thu c l:
A. 0,75 gam. B. 0,74 gam. C. 0,76 gam. D. Kt qa khc.
Cu 4. Cho ancol etanol tc dng vi axit axetic th thu c 22,0 gam este. Nu H=25% th khi lng ancol
phn ng l:
A. 26,0 gam. B. 46,0 gam. C. 92,0 gam. D. 11,5 gam
Cu 5. Cho 45 gam axit axetic tc dng vi 60 gam ancol etylic c mt H2SO4 c. Hiu sut ca phn ng l
80 %. Khi lng etyl axetat to thnh l:
A. 52,8 gam B. 66 gam C. 70,4 gam D. 88 gam
Dng 4: Thy phn
Cu 1. Thu phn hon ton 2,2 gam mt este A no n chc mch h bng dung dch NaOH va th thu
c 2,4 gam mui. Tn gi ca A l:
A. metyl propionat B. etyl axetat C. propyl fomat D.isopropyl fomat
Cu 2. Cht hu c A mch thng, c cng thc phn t: C 4H8O2. Cho 2,2 gam A phn ng va v dung
dch NaOH, c cn dung dch sau phn ng th thu c 2,05gam mui. Cng thc cu to ng ca A l:
A. CH3COOC2H5 B. HCOOC3H7 C. C2H5COOCH3 D. C3H7COOH
Cu 3. thu phn hon ton este X no n chc mch h cn dng 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Sau phn
ng thu c 14,4 gam mui v 4,8 gam ancol. Tn gi ca X l:
A. etyl axetat B. propyl fomat C. metyl axetat D. metyl propionat
BI TP LIPIT
Cu 1. Khi thy phn bt k cht bo no cng thu c
A. glixerol. B. axit oleic. C. axit panmitic. D. axit stearic.
Cu 2. nhit thng, du thc vt trng thi lng v y l loi cht bo
A. cha ch yu cc gc axit bo no.
B. cha hm lng kh ln cc gc axit bo khng no.
C. cha ch yu cc gc axit bo thm.
D. d nng chy, nh hn nc v khng tan trong nc.
Cu 3. Khi un nng cht bo vi dung dch H2SO4 long ta thu c
A.glixerol v axit bo. B.glixerol v mui ca axit bo.
C.glixerol v axit monocacboxylic. D.ancol v axit bo.
Cu 4 T du thc vt lm th no c c b nhn to?
A.Hiro ho axit bo. B.Hiro ho cht bo lng.
C.ehiro ho cht bo lng. D.X phng ho cht bo lng.
Cu 5. Trong c th cht bo b oxi ho thnh nhng cht no sau y?
A.NH3 v CO2. B. NH3, CO2, H2O.
C.CO2, H2O. D. NH3, H2O.
Cu 6. Tnh cht c trng ca lipit l: 1. Cht lng; 2. Cht rn; 3. Nh hn nc; 4. Khng tan trong nc; 5.
Tan trong xng; 6. D b thy phn; 7. Tc dng vi kim loi kim; 8. Cng H2 vo gc ru. Cc tnh cht
khng ng l nhng tnh cht no?
A. 1, 6, 8 B. 2, 5, 7 C. 1, 2, 7, 8 D. 3, 6, 8.
10
Cu 7. un hn hp glixerol v axit stearic, axit oleic ( c H2SO4 lm xc tc) c th thu c my loi trieste
ng phn cu to ca nhau?
A. 3 . B. 5 . C. 4 . D. 6 .
Cu 8. Cho cc cht lng sau: axit axetic, glixerol, triolein. phn bit cc cht lng trn, c th ch cn dng
A.nc v qu tm. B.nc v dd NaOH . C.dd NaOH . D.nc brom.
Cu 9. X phng ho hon ton 17,24 gam mt loi cht bo trung tnh cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. Khi
lng mui natri thu c sau khi c cn dung dch sau phn ng l
A.17,80 gam . B.19,64 gam . C.16,88 gam . D.14,12 gam.
Cu 10. un nng mt lng cht bo cn va 40 kg dd NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra hon ton.
Khi lng (kg) glixerol thu c l
A. 13,8 . B. 6,975. C. 4,6. D. 8,17.
Cu 11. Th tch H2 (ktc) cn hiroho hon ton 1 tn olein nh xc tc Ni l bao nhiu lit?
A.76018 lit. B.760,18 lit. C.7,6018 lit. D.7601,8 lit.
Cu 12. Khi lng triolein cn sn xut 5 tn tristearin l bao nhiu kg?

A.4966,292 kg . B.49600 kg . C.49,66 kg . D.496,63 kg .
Cu 13. Khi un nng 4,45 gam cht bo ( Tristearin) c cha 20% tp cht vi dd NaOH ta thu c bao
nhiu kg glixerol? (Bit hiu sut phn ng t 85 %.)
A.0,3128 kg. B.0,3542 kg. C.0,43586 kg. D.0,0920 kg.
Cu 14. Trong cc cng thc sau, cng thc no l ca cht bo?

A.C3H5(OOCC4H9)3 B.C3H5(OOCC17H35)3
C.(C3H5)3OOCC17H35 D.C3H5(COOC17H35)3
Cu 15. Cho cc cu sau:
(1) Cht bo thuc loi hp cht este;
(2) Cc este khng tan trong nc do nh hn nc.
(3) Cc este khng tan trong nc do khng c lin kt hiro vi nc.
(4) Khi un cht bo lng vi hiro c Ni xc tc th thu c cht bo rn.
(5) Cht bo lng l cc triglixerit cha gc axit khng no.
Nhng cu ng l nhng cu no?
A. (1) (4) (5) B. (1) (2) (4) C. (1) (3) (4) (5) D. (1) (2) (3) (5)
Cu 16. c im ca phn ng thy phn lipit trong mi trng axit l g?
A. Phn ng thun nghch B. Phn ng x phng ha.
C. Phn ng khng thun nghch D. Phn ng cho-nhn e.
11
Chng II : CACBOHIRAT
Cacbohirat (gluxit, saccarit) l nhng hp cht hu c tp chc, thng c cng thc chung l
Cn(H2O)m
Cacbohirat c phn thnh ba nhm chnh sau y:
- Monosaccarit- glucoz, fructoz (C6H12O6)
+ L nhm cacbohirat n gin nht, khng th thy phn c.
- isaccarit- saccaroz, mantoz (C12H22O11)
+ L nhm cacbohirat m khi thy phn sinh ra 2 phn t monosaccarit.
- Polisaccarit- tinh bt, xenluloz (C6H10O5)n
+ L nhm cacbohirat phc tp m khi thy phn n cng sinh ra nhiu phn t monosaccarit.
A. GLUCOZ
I TNH CHT VT L V TRNG THI T NHIN
- Glucoz l cht rn kt tinh, tinh th khng mu, d tan trong nc
- C v ngt (khng bng ng ma), c trong hu ht cc b phn ca cy (l, hoa, r) c bit l

qu chn (cn gi l ng nho). Trong mt ong glucoz chim 30%
- Trong mu ngi c mt lng nh glucoz, hu nh khng i (khong 0,1 %)
II CU TRC PHN T
Glucoz c cng thc phn t l C6H12O6, tn ti dng mch h v dng mch vng
1. Dng mch h ( 4 th nghim tm ra cu to ca glucozo)
2. Dng mch vng

12
- Nhm OH C5 cng vo nhm C = O to ra hai dng vng 6 cnh v
- Nu nhm OH nh vi C1 nm di mt phng ca vng 6 cnh l -, ngc li nm trn mt

phng ca vng 6 cnh l
- Nhm OH v tr C s 1 c gi l OH hemiaxetal
III TNH CHT HA HC
1. Tnh cht ca ancol a chc (poliancol hay poliol)
a) Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng:
Dung dch glucoz ha tan Cu(OH)2 cho dung dch phc ng glucoz c mu xanh lam :
C6H12O6 + Cu(OH)2 ........................................................................................
b) Phn ng to este: to este nm chc khi tham gia phn ng vi anhidrit axetic
2. Tnh cht ca anehit
a) Oxi ha glucoz:
- Vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng (thuc th Tollens) cho phn ng trng bc
CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2]OH CH2OH[CHOH]4COONH4 + 2Ag +
(amoni gluconat) 3NH 3 + H2O
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................
- Vi dung dch Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH, un nng (thuc th Felinh)
CH2OH[CHOH] 4CHO + 2Cu(OH)2 + NaOH CH2OH[CHOH] 4COONa + Cu2O + 2H2O

(natri gluconat) ( gch)
- Vi dung dch nc brom: mt mu dd brom
CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO + Br2 + H2O .
b) Kh glucoz:bng H2, xt Ni, to
13

3. Phn ng ln men :
IV IU CH V NG DNG
1. iu ch (trong cng nghip)
- Thy phn tinh bt vi xc tc l HCl long hoc enzim
- Thy phn xenluloz vi xc tc HCl c
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
- Tng hp t cy xanh
2. ng dng
- Trong y hc: dng lm thuc tng lc cho ngi bnh (d hp thu v cung cp nhiu nng lng)
- Trong cng nghip: dng trng gng, trng rut phch (thay cho anehit v anehit c)
* Trng tm:
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V NG PHN CA GLUCOZ : FRUCTOZ
1. Cu to
a) Dng mch h:
Fructoz (C6H12O6) dng mch h l mt polihiroxi xeton, c cng thc cu to thu gn l:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
b) Dng mch vng:

14
- Tn ti c dng mch vng 5 cnh v 6 cnh
- Dng mch vng 5 cnh c 2 dng l fructoz v fructoz
+ Trong dung dch, fructoz tn ti ch yu dng vng 5 cnh
+ trng thi tinh th, fructoz dng , vng 5 cnh fructoz fructoz
2. Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin
- L cht rn kt tinh, tinh th khng mu, d tan trong nc, c v ngt gp ri ng ma v gp 2,5
ln glucoz
- V ngt ca mt ong ch yu do fructoz (chim ti 40 %)
3. Tnh cht ha hc
- Tng t nh Glucoz, Fructoz c tnh cht:
+ Ancol a chc
+ Tc dng H2
+ Tnh cht ca Andehit. L do: trong mi trng kim (NH3, NaOH,) fructoz chuyn ha thnh
glucoz
- im khc bit quan trng ca G v F :
+ Fructoz khng phn ng c vi dung dch nc brom( khng lm mt mu dd brom)
+ Khng c phn ng ln men
* Trng tm:
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B. SACCAROZ
- Saccaroz l cht rn kt tinh, tinh th khng mu, d tan trong nc, ngt hn glucoz
- C nhiu trong cy ma (nn saccaroz cn c gi l ng ma), c ci ng, tht nt
- C nhiu dng sn phm: ng phn, ng knh, ng ct
15
II CU TRC PHN T
- Trong phn t saccaoz gc glucoz v gc fructoz lin kt vi nhau qua nguyn t oxi
gia C1 ca glucoz v C2 ca fructoz (C1 O C2)
- Cng thc cu to v cch nh s ca vng:
III TNH CHT HA HC :
- Tnh cht ancol a chc
- Khng c tnh cht ca andehit
1. Tnh cht ca ancol a chc
Dung dch saccaroz ha tan kt ta Cu(OH)2 thnh dung dch phc ng saccaroz mu xanh lam
C12H22O11 + Cu(OH)2 ......................................................................................
2. Phn ng ca isaccarit (thy phn)
Saccaroz b thy phn thnh glucoz v fructoz khi:
+ un nng vi dung dch axit
+ C xc tc enzim trong h tiu ha ca

ngi ...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
IV - NG DNG V SN XUT NG SACCAROZ
1. ng dng
Saccaroz c dng nhiu trong cng nghip thc phm, sn xut bnh ko, nc gii kht
Trong cng nghip dc phm pha ch thuc. Thy phn thnh G v F trng gng.
2. Sn xut ng saccaroz
Cc giai on sn xut saccaroz t ma:
(1) p ma ly nc ma (12 15 % ng)
(2) un nc ma vi vi sa 60oC
+ Cc axit bo v cc protit c trong nc ma chuyn thnh kt ta v c lc b
+ Saccaroz chuyn thnh mui tan canxi saccarat
C12H22O11 + Ca(OH)2 + H2O C12H22O11.CaO.2H2O
(3) Sc CO2 vo dung dch v lc b kt ta CaCO3 thu c dung dch saccaroz c mu vng
C12H22O11.CaO.2H2O + CO2 C12H22O11 + CaCO3 + 2H2O

16
(4) Ty mu nc ng bng kh SO2
(5) C c dung dch nc ng (khng mu v trong sut) di p sut thp. Lm lnh v dng my li tm tch ng
kt tinh.
* Trng tm:
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C. TINH BT
- Tinh bt l cht rn, dng bt v nh hnh, mu trng, khng tan trong nc lnh
- Trong nc nng t 65oC tr ln, ht tinh bt s ngm nc, chuyn thnh dung dch keo (h tinh
bt)
- Tinh bt c nhiu trong cc loi ng cc, c (khoai, sn), qu (to, chui)
II CU TRC PHN T : gm nhiu mc xch -glucoz lin kt vi nhau.
1. Cu trc
Tinh bt l hn hp ca hai loi polisaccarit : amiloz (khng nhnh) v amilopectin( c nhnh)
Trong amiloz chim 20 30 % khi lng tinh bt
a) Phn t amiloz
- Cc gc glucoz lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt 1,4 glicozit to thnh mch khng phn nhnh
17
- Phn t amiloz khng dui thng m xon li thnh hnh l xo. Mi vng xon gm 6 gc glucoz
b) Phn t amilopectin
- Cc gc glucoz lin kt vi nhau bng 2 loi lin kt:
+ Lin kt 1,4 glicozit to thnh mt chui di (20 30 mt xch glucoz)
+ Lin kt 1,6 glicozit to nhnh
2. c im
a) Phn t khi ca tinh bt khng xc nh do n bin thin trong khong rng
b) Cc nhm OH trong tinh bt c kh nng to este nh glucoz. Tinh bt thuc loi polime nn
khng c hai tnh cht sau:
- Ha tan Cu(OH)2 (d c nhiu nhm OH lin k)
- Tnh kh ca anehit
III TNH CHT HA HC
1. Phn ng ca polisaccarit (thy phn)
a) Thy phn nh xc tc axit v c: dung dch thu c sau phn ng c kh nng trng bc:
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b) Thy phn nh enzim:
- Qu trnh lm bnh m l qu trnh extrin ha bng men v bng nhit. Cm chy l hin tng extrin ha bng
nhit
- n bnh m, cm chy d tiu v c v hi ngt v phn t tinh bt c phn ct nh thnh cc isaccarit v

monosaccarit
2. Phn ng mu vi dung dch iot (c trng)
- H tinh bt + dung dch I2 hp cht mu xanh tm
- un nng th thy mt mu, ngui th mu xanh tm li xut hin
Gii thch: Mch phn t ca amiloz khng phn nhnh v xon thnh dng hnh tr. Cc phn t
iot len vo, nm pha trong ng tr v to thnh hp cht bc c mu xanh tm. Lin kt gia iot v
amiloz trong hp cht bc l lin kt yu. Ngoi ra, amilopectin cn c kh nng hp th iot trn b
mt cc mch nhnh. Hp cht bc khng bn nhit cao, khi un nng mu xanh tm b mt v
khi ngui mu xanh tm xut hin tr li.
18
V S TO THNH TINH BT TRONG CY XANH (PHN NG QUANG HP) :
.....................................................................................................................................................................
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VI- NG DNG:
- Ngun cung cp dinh dng cho cong ngi v animals
- Sn xut bnh ko v h dn.
- Trong c th ngi TB chuyn ha thnh G -> G cn d chuyn v gan tng hp thnh glicogen d
tr.
D. XENLULOZ
- Xenluloz l cht rn hnh si, mu trng, khng mi, khng v, khng tan trong nc v trong dung
mi hu c thng thng nh benzen, ete . Tan trong nc Svayde ( Cu(NH3)4 (OH)2)
- Xenluloz l thnh phn chnh to ra lp mng t bo thc vt, b khung ca cy ci
- Xenluloz c nhiu trong trong cy bng (95 98 %), g (40 50 %)
II CU TRC PHN T nhiu gc glucoz lin kt vi nhau.
1. Cu trc
- Xenluloz l mt polime hp thnh t cc mt xch glucoz bi cc lin kt 1,4 glicozit
2. c im
- Mch phn t khng nhnh, khng xon, c bn ha hc v c hc cao
- C khi lng phn t rt ln (khong 1.000.000 2.400.000)
- Xenluloz thuc loi polime nn khng c hai tnh cht sau:
+ Ha tan Cu(OH)2 (d c nhiu nhm OH lin k)
+ Tnh kh ca anehit
- Trong mi mt xch C6H10O5 c 3 nhm OH t do, cng thc ca xenluloz c th c vit l
III TNH CHT HA HC
1. Phn ng ca polisaccarit (thy phn)

19
- Xy ra khi un nng xenluloz vi dung dch axit v c
..
- Phn ng cng xy ra nh enzim xenlulaza (trong d dy tru, b)
2. Phn ng ca ancol a chc
a) Vi HNO3/H2SO4 c (phn ng este ha):
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- Hn hp cha ch yu xenluloz trinitrat c gi l piroxilin (lm cht n), dng ch to thuc

sng khng khi. Phn ng n xy ra nh sau:
IV - NG DNG
- Lm g, vt liu xy dng, t si...
- Giy
- Sn xut t nhn to: t visco, t axetat, thuc sng khng khi, phim nh.
* Trng tm:
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* Cng c:
20
CACBOHIRAT
Hp cht MONOSACCARIT ISACCARIT POLISACCARIT
Cacbohirat Glucoz Fructoz Saccaroz Tinh bt Xenlunoz
Cng thc C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C12H22O11 (C6H10O5)n (C6H10O5)n
phn t
CTCT thu CH2OH(CHOH)4 CH2OH[CHOH]3C C6H11O5 O [C6H7O2(OH)3]n
gn CHO OCH2OH C6H11O5
c im cu -C nhiu nhm -C nhiu nhm - C nhiu nhm OH - Mchxon. -Mch thng
to OH k nhau OH k nhau. k nhau. - C 3 nhm
-C nhm CHO -Khng c nhm - Hai nhm C6H12O5 OH k nhau
CHO -Nhiunhm - Nhiu nhm
C6H12O5 C6H12O5.
Ha tnh C
1/Tnhcht AgNO3/ NH3 (do chuyn ha Khng Khng Khng
anehit glucoz)
2/Tnh cht +Cu(OH)2 +Cu(OH)2 +Cu(OH)2 - -

ancol a chc
Khng
3/ Phn ng Khng C C C
thy phn
4/ Tnh cht Ln men ru. Chuyn ha p/ mu vi I2 + HNO3,

khc glucoz
CU HI TRC NGHIM
Cu 1: Cht no sau y l ng phn ca Fructoz?
A. Saccaroz B. Glucoz C. Xenluloz D. Mantoz
Cu 2: Cho bit cht no sau y thuc polisacarit:

A. Saccaroz B. Mantoz C. Glucoz D. Xenluloz
Cu 3: Dy gm cc dung dch u tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 l
A. glucoz, glixerol, anehit fomic, natri axetat.
B. glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, natri axetat.
C. glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, axit axetic.
D. glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, ancol etylic.
Cu 4: ng saccaroz ( ng ma) thuc loi saccarit no?
A. isaccarit B. Polisaccarit C. Oligosaccarit D. Monosaccarit
Cu 5: Nhm m tt c cc cht u tc dng c vi dd AgNO3/NH3 l
A. C2H2 , C2H5OH, Glucoz B. C3H5(OH)3, Glucoz, CH3CHO
C. C2H2 , C2H4 , C2H6 D. C2H2 , Glucoz, CH3CHO
Cu 6: Phn ng no sau y chuyn Glucz v Fructoz thnh mt sn phm duy nht?
A. Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 un nng B. Phn ng vi Na
C. Phn ng vi dd AgNO3 trong NH3 D. Phn ng vi H2(Ni, t0)
Cu 7: Dy cc cht no sau y u c phn ng thu phn trong mi trng axit?
A. Tinh bt, xenluloz, fructoz. B. Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz.
C. Tinh bt, xenluloz, glucoz. D.Tinh bt, saccaroz, fructoz
Cu 8: iu khng nh no sau y khng ng?
A. Glucoz v fructoz l 2 cht ng phn ca nhau.
B. Glucoz v fructoz u tham gia phn ng cng H2(Ni/t0).
C. Glucoz v fructoz u tham gia phn ng trng gng.
D. Glucoz v fructoz u lm mt mu nc brom.
21
Cu 9: Cho 360 gam glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic v cho ton b kh CO2 sinh ra hp th vo dung dch
NaOH d c 318 gam mui. Hiu sut phn ng ln men l.
A. 80%. B. 75%. C. 62,5%. D. 50%.
Cu 10 phn bit glucoz, saccaroz v anehit axetic c th dng cht no trong s cc cht sau lm thuc
th?
A. Cu(OH)2 B.NaOH C. HNO3 D. AgNO3/NH3
Cu 11: Gia saccaroz v glucoz c c im g ging nhau?
A. u c ly t c ci ng.
B. u c trong bit dc huyt thanh ngt
C. u b oxi ho bi [Ag(NH3)2 ]OH.
D. u ho tan Cu(OH)2 nhit thng cho dung dch mu xanh lam.
Cu 12: Cho s chuyn ha sau: Tinh bt X Y axit axetic. X v Y ln lt l
A. ancol etylic, anehit axetic. B. glucoz, ancol etylic.
C. glucoz, etyl axetat. D. mantoz, glucoz.
Cu 13: Cho 5 nhm cht hu c sau:
(I) Glucoz v anehit axetic, (II) Glucoz v ru etylic, ( III) Glucoz v glixerin,
(IV) Glucoz v axit nitric , (V)Glucoz v anehitfomic.
Thuc th no sau y c th nhn bit c tt c cc cht trong mi nhm trn?
A. Na B. Cu(OH)2/NaOH C.NaOH D.AgNO3?NH3
Cu 14: Cho 3 nhm cht hu c sau: (I) Saccaroz v dd glucoz, (II) Saccaroz v mantoz,
(III)Saccaroz, mantoz v anehit axetic thuc th no sau y c th nhn bit tt c cc cht trong mi
nhm cho trn?
A. Na2CO3 B. Cu(OH)2/NaOH C.Na D.AgNO3?NH3
Cu 15: Pht biu no sau y khng ng.
A.Hp cht saccaroz thuc loi isaccarit, phn t ny c cu to bi 2 gc glucoz.
B.ng phn ca saccaroz l mantoz.
C.ng saccaroz l ng ma, ng tht nt, ng c ci, ng knh , ng phn.
D.Phn t saccaroz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl nhng khng c nhm cacbonyl.
Cu16: Cho dy cc cht: glucoz, xenluloz, saccaroz, tinh bt, mantoz. S cht trong dy tham gia phn
ng trng gng l:
A. 2 B. 3 C. 5. D. 4
Cu 17: D kin no sau y chng minh glucoz c nhm chc anehit?
A. Glucoz phn ng vi kim loi Na gii phng H2.
B. Glucoz phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit phng cho dung dch mu xanh lam.
C. Glucoz phn ng vi dung dch CH3OH/HCl cho ete.
D. Glucoz phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit cao cho kt ta gch.
Cu18:Cho cc cht ancol etylic, glixerol, glucoz, imetyl ete v axit fomic. S cht tc dng c vi
Cu(OH)2 l: A. 3 B.4 C. 1. D. 2
Cu 19: T m kg nho chn cha 40% ng nho, sn xut c 1000lit ru vang 200. Bit khi lng ring ca
C2H5OH l 0,8 gam/ml v hao ph 10% lng ng. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 860,75kg B. 8700,00kg C. 8607,5 kg D. 8690,56kg
Cu 20: Nhm m tt c cc cht u tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit phng cho dung dch xanh lam l:
A. glixerol, glucoz, fructoz, mantoz.
B. glixerol, glucoz, anehit axetic, mantoz.
C. axetilen, glucoz, fructoz, mantoz.
D. saccaroz, glucoz, anehit axetic, mantoz.
Cu 21. Fructoz khng phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. Dung dch Br2 B. [Ag(NH3)2]OH. C. H2 (Ni, t0). D. Cu(OH)2.
Cu 22. Pht biu no di y v ng dng ca xenluloz l khng ng?
A. Lm thc phm cho con ngi.
B. Dng sn xut mt s t nhn to.
C. Dng lm vt liu xy dng, dng gia nh, sn xut giy.
22
D. L nguyn liu sn xut ancol etylic.
Cu 23. Mt dung dch c cc tnh cht:
Ho tan Cu(OH)2 cho phc ng mu xanh lam.
Kh [Ag(NH3)2]OH v Cu(OH)2 khi un nng.
B thu phn khi c mt xc tc axit hoc enzim.
Dung dch l.
A. Mantoz. B. Saccaroz. C. Fructoz. D. Glucoz.
Cu 24. Glucoz khng c tnh cht no di y?
A. Ln men to ancol etylic. B. Tham gia phn ng thy phn.
C. Tnh cht ca ancol a chc. D. Tnh cht ca nhm anehit.
Cu 25. Cho: 1) Glixerin 2) Glucozo 3) Fructozo 4) Saccarozo 5) Mantozo
6) Tinh bt 7) Xenlulozo nhng hp cht tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 cho dung dch mu xanh
A. 1, 2, 6 B. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 C. 1, 2, 4, 7 D. 1, 2, 3, 4
Cu 26: T nguyn liu g cha 50% xenluloz, ngi ta iu ch c ancol etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Tnh khi
lng g cn thit iu ch c 1000 lt cn 920 (bit ancol nguyn cht c D = 0,8 g/ml). A. 3115kg B.
3200kg C. 3810kg D. 4000kg
Cu 27. Cng thc cu to ca sobitol l

A. CH2OH(CHOH)4 CHO B.CH2OH(CHOH)3 COCH2OH
C. CH2OH(CHOH)4 CH2OH D.CH2OH CHOH CH2OH
Cu 28. Cho mt s tnh cht: c dng si (1); tan trong nc (2); tan trong nc Svayde (3); phn ng vi axit
nitric c (xc tc axit sunfuric c) (4); tham gia phn ng trng bc (5); b thu phn trong dung dch axit un
nng (6). Cc tnh cht ca xenluloz l:
A. (3), (5) v (6) B. (1), (3), (4)v (6) C. (2), (3), v (5) D. (1), (2), v (4)
Cu 29: Saccaroz, tinh bt v xenluloz u c th tham gia vo
A. phn ng trng bc B. phn ng vi Cu(OH)2
C. phn ng thu phn D. phn ng mu iot
Cu 30. Nhn nh sai l
A. Phn bit glucoz v saccaroz bng phn ng trng gng.
B. Phn bit tinh bt v xenluloz bng I2
C. Phn bit saccaroz v glixerin bng Cu(OH)2
D. Phn bit mantoz v saccaroz bng phn ng trng gng
Cu 31: Tnh khi lng kt ta Ag hnh thnh khi tin hnh trng gng hon ton dung dch cha 18 gam
glucoz?
Cu 32: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t xenluloz v axit nitric c c xc tc axit sunfuric c, nng.
c 59,4gam xenluloz trinitrat, cn dng dung dch cha m kg axit nitric (hiu sut phn ng t 90%). Gi tr
ca m l: A. 84 B. 20 C. 60 D. 42
Cu 33: Cho 5kg glucoz (cha 20% tp cht) ln men. Bit rng khi lng ancol b hao ht l 10% v khi l-
ng ring ca ancol nguyn cht l 0,8 (g/ml). Th tch dung dch ru 400 thu c l: A. 2,30 lt
B. 5,75 lt C. 63,88 lt D. 11,50 lt
Cu 34: sn xut 29.7 kg xenluloz trinitrat ( H=75% ) bng phn ng gia dung dch HNO 3 60% vi
xenluloz th khi lng dung dch HNO3 cn dng l
A. 42 kg B. 25.2 kg C. 31.5 kg D. 23.3 kg
Cu 35: Phn t khi ca mt loi Xeluloz vo khong 2.400.000.Tnh s mc xch trong phn t xenlulo ny
vo khong: A. 18414 B. 11448 C. 14418 D. 14814
Cu 36: T mt tn nc ma cha 13% saccaroz c th thu c bao nhiu kg saccaroz .Cho bit hiu sut
thu hi saccaroz t 80%. A. 104kg B. 105kg C. 110kg D. 124kg
23
Cu 37: Nu dng 1 tn khoai cha 20% tinh bt th khi lng glucoz s thu c bao nhiu ? bit hiu sut
phn ng l 70%? A. 160,5kg B. 150,64kg C. 155,55kg D. 165,6kg
Cu 38 :un nng dung dch cha 27gam glucoz vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 th khi lng Ag thu c ti a
l: A. 21,6g B. 10,8g C. 32,4g D. 16,2g
Cu 39 . T 10 kg go np (c 80% tinh bt), khi ln men s thu c bao nhiu lt cn 96 o? Bit hiu sut qu
trnh ln men t 80% v khi lng ring ca cn 96o l 0,807g/ml:

A. 4,7 lt B. 4,5 lt C. 4,3 lt D. 4,1 lt
Cu 40: Kh glucoz bng H2 to sobitol. Khi lng glucoz dng to ra 1,82 g sobitol vi hiu sut
80% l bao nhiu?
Cu 41: Thu phn hon ton 34.2 g saccaroz sau tin hnh phn ng trng gng vi dung dch thu c,
khi lng Ag thu c ti a l:
A. 21.6 g B. 43.2g C. 10.8 g D. 32.4 g
Cu 42: Qua nghin phn ng este ho xenluloz, ngi ta thy mi gc glucoz (C6H10O5) c my nhm
hidroxyl? A- 5 B- 4 C- 3 D- 2
Cu 43 Trng bc hon ton m gam glucoz thu c 86,4 gam Ag. Nu ln men hon ton m gam glucoz ri
cho kh CO2 thu c hp th vo nc vi trong d th lng kt ta thu c l: A. 60g. B. 20g.
C. 40g. D. 80g.
Cu 44: Cng thc no sau y m t cu to thu gn ca xenluloz

A. [C6H5 (OH)5]n B. [C6H6O(OH)4]n C. [C6H7O2(OH)3]n D. [C6H8O3(OH)2]n
Cu 45: Glucoz ln men thnh ru etylic, ton b kh sinh ra c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d
tch ra 40 gam kt ta, bit hiu sut ln men t 75%. Lng glucoz cn dng bng: A. 24 gam
B. 40 gam C. 50 gam D. 48 gam
Cu 45: Dng mt ho cht no c th phn bit cc dung dch: h tinh bt, saccaroz, glucoz?
A. Dung dch I2 B. AgNO3/NH3 C. Cu(OH)2/NaOH D. Dung dch brom
Cu 46: Bng thc nghim no chng minh cu to ca glucoz c nhm chc -CH=O?
A. Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2/ NaOH khi un nng cho kt ta gch. (2)
B. Phn ng vi H2/Ni, nhit . (3)
C. C phn ng trng bc. (1) D. (1) v (2) u ng.
Cu 47: cho cc dung dch: glucozo, glixerol, axit axetic, etanol. Thuc th no sau y c th dng phn
bit cc dung dch .
A. Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim B. [Ag(NH3)2]OH hoc (AgNO3/ddNH3)
C. Na kim loi D. nc Brom
Cu 48: Nh iot vo cc cht sau, cht no chuyn sang mu xanh:
A. tinh bt B. xenluloz C. lipit D. glucz
Cu 49: Mantoz v tinh bt u khng thuc loi
A. monosaccarit B. disaccarit C. polisaccarit D. cacbohidrat
Cu 50: Saccaroz c th tc dng vi cc cht:
A. H2/Ni, t0 ; Cu(OH)2, un nng;
B. Cu(OH)2, un nng ; dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
C. H2/Ni, t0 ; CH3COOH /H2SO4 c, t0.
D. Cu(OH)2, un nng ; CH3COOH /H2SO4 c, t0
24
Cu 51: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO 2 sinh ra c hp
th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un k dung dch X thu thm
c 100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 750. B. 550. C. 650. D. 810.
Cu 52: Chn mt cu ng:
A. Tinh bt v xenluloz c phn ng trng bc.
B. Dung dch mantoz c tnh kh v b thu phn thnh glucoz.
C. C th phn bit glucoz v fructoz bng v gic.
D. Tinh bt c phn ng mu vi iot v c cu trc vng xon
Cu 53: Xenluloz trinitrat l cht d chy, n mnh. Mun iu ch 29,7 kg Xenluloz trinitrat t xenluloz v
axit nitric vi hiu sut 90% th th tch HNO3 96% (d = 1,52 g/ml) cn dng l: A. 15,000 lt B. 14,390 lt
C. 1,439 lt D. 24,390 lt
Cu 54 : Ha tan 6,12 gam hn hp glucoz v saccaroz vo nc thu c dung dch X . Cho X tc dng
vi dung dch AgNO3 / dd NH3 thu c 3,24 g Ag . Khi lng saccaroz trong hn hp ban u l
Cu 55: Thy phn 1 kg saccarozo trong mi trng axit vi hiu sut 76% , khi lng cc sn phm thu c
l
A.0,5kg glucozo v 0,5 kg fuctozo B. 0,422kg glucozo v 0,422 kg fuctozo
C. 0,6kg glucozo v 0,6 kg fuctozo D.Cc kt qu khc
Cu 56: ng ma l ng no ?
A.Saccarozo B.Fructozo C.Glucozo D.Mantozo
Cu 57: Thuc th phn bit saccarozo v glucozo l
A.Dung dch AgNO3 / dd NH3 B.Ca(OH)2 /CO2
C.Cu(OH)2 D.C A , B ,C
Cu 58 : Cht no l ng phn ca saccarozo ?
A.Xenlulozo B.Glucozo C.Fructozo D.Mantozo
Cu 59: Tinh bt v xenlulozo khc nhau v:
A. Cng thc phn t B. Tnh tan trong nc lnh
C. Cu trc phn t D. Phn ng thy phn
25
CHNG III : AMIN AMINO AXIT- PEPTIT PROTEIN
A. AMIN
I. KHI NIM, PHN LOI NG PHN V DANH PHP
1. Khi nim, phn loi
a. Khi nim:
Khi thay th nguyn t H trong phn t NH3 bng gc hirocacbon ta thu c hp cht amin.
* Bc ca amin: Bng s nguyn t hiro trong phn t NH3 b thay th bi gc hirocacbon.
.
b. Phn loi
* Theo gc hirocacbon:
- Amin bo ..
- Amin thm.
* Theo bc ca amin:
2. ng phn
a) S ng phn amin n chc no CnH2n+3N
Cng thc: S amin CnH2n+3N = 2n-1 (n<5)

b) S ng phn amin bc 1 n chc no CnH2n+3N
Cng thc: S amin CnH2n+3N = 2n-2 (1<n<5)

3. Danh php: Gi tn theo:
a) Tn gc chc tn gc hirocacbon + amin= ank + yl + amin
b) Tn thay th = tn hidrocacbon + v tr+ amin
c) Tn thng: 1 s amin c tn thng
26
Cng thc tn gc chc tn thay th.
CH3NH2 Metylamin Metanamin
CH3 CH2 NH2 Etylamin Etanamin
CH3NH CH3 Dimetylamin N-metylmetanamin
CH3 CH2 CH2NH2 n- Propylamin Propan-1-amin
(CH3)3 N Trimetylamin N,N-dimetylmetanamin
CH3 (CH2)3 NH2 Butylamin Butan-1-amin
C2H5NHC2H5 Dietylamin N-etyletanamin
C6H5NH2 Phenylamin Benzenamin
..
H2N(CH2)6NH2 Hexametylendiamin Hexan-1,6-diamin
- Tn cc nhm ankyl c theo th t ch ci a, b, c

- Vi cc amin bc 2 v 3, chn mch di nht cha N lm mch chnh, N c ch s v tr nh nht. t
mt nguyn t N trc mi nhm th ca amin
- Khi nhm NH2 ng vai tr nhm th th gi l nhm amino. V d: CH3CH(NH2)COOH (axit 2-
aminopropanoic)
II TNH CHT VT L:
- Metylamin, imetylamin, trimetylamin, etylamin l nhng cht kh, mi khai, kh chu, tan nhiu
trong nc.
- Cc amin c phn t khi cao hn l nhng cht lng hoc rn, nhit si tng dn v tan trong
nc gim dn theo chiu tng ca phn t khi.
- Cc amin thm u l cht lng hoc rn, d b oxi ha.
- Anilin l cht lng, khng mu, t tan trong nc v nng hn nc.
- Cc amin u rt c.
III CU TO PHN T V TNH CHT HO HC
1. Cu to phn t
- Phn t amin c nguyn t nit tng t trong phn t NH3 nn cc amin c tnh baz. Ngoi ra
amin cn c tnh cht ca gc hirocacbon
2. Tnh cht ho hc
a. Tnh baz
* Tc dng vi axit
* So snh mnh yu ca cc amin:

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27
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* Qu tm v phenolphtalein:
b. Phn ng th nhn thm ca anilin

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* Trng tm:
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28
B. AMINO - AXIT
I KHI NIM
1. Khi nim
Aminoaxit l nhng hp cht hu c tp chc, phn t cha ng thi nhm amino (NH2) v nhm
cacboxyl (COOH).
CTTQ: (H2N)x - R - (COOH)y
(x 1, y 1)
2. Danh php
- Xut pht t tn axit tng ng (tn h thng, tn thng) c thm tip u ng amino v s hoc
ch ci Hi Lp (, ) ch v tr ca nhm NH2 trong mch l tn thay th, tn bn h thng
Tn thay th(h Tn bn h thng
CNG thng) (tn axit l tn TN
THC (tn axit l tn h thng) GI VI
thng) T
TT
A. Axit
monoaminomonocacboxylic Glyxin Gly
C M= 75
|
1/ H2 COOH
NH2
Alanin Ala
C M= 89
|
2/ CH3 H - COOH
NH2
Valin Val
C C
| | M= 117
3/ CH3 H H COOH
CH3 NH2
B. Axit iaminomonocacboxylic Lysin Lys

C C M= 146
| |
4/ H2 CH2 CH2 CH2 H
COOH
NH2 NH2
Axit Glu
C. Axit monoaminoicacboxylic glutami
C c
|
5/ HOOC CH2 CH2 H M= 147
COOH
NH2
- Tn amino axit = axit + v tr nhm amino (-NH2) + tn axit

29
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
C C C C C C COOH (v tr - l v tr C mang nhm chc -COOH).

+ Gi th t C theo s(1-7..) l tn h thng( thay th)

+ Gi th t C theo ch la m (- ) l tn h thng( thay th)
- Cc -amino axit c trong thin nhin c gi bng tn thng.
3. Dng Phn
S ng phn amino axit, no (c 1nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH)
Cn H 2 n 1O2 N n 1 ! n 5
Cng thc:
II CU TO PHN T V TNH CHT HO HC
1. Cu to phn t: Tn ti di hai dng: Phn t v ion lng cc.

Cc amino axit l nhng hp cht ion nn iu kin thng l cht rn kt tinh, tng i d
tan trong nc v c nhit nng chy cao (phn hu khi un nng) ging mui n
2. Tnh cht ho hc
- Nhm cacboxyl ( COOH) : th hin tnh
- Nhm amino ( NH2) th hin tnh.
- Vy:
a. Tnh axit baz ca dung dch amino axit

CTTQ: (H2N)xR(COOH)y (x 1, y 1)
b. Phn ng trng ngng
* Khi nim & iu kin:
III NG DNG
- Cc amino axit thin nhin (hu ht l cc -amino axit) l nhng hp cht c s kin to nn cc
loi protein ca c th sng.
- Mui mononatri ca axit glutamic dng lm gia v thc n (m chnh hay bt ngt), axit glutamic l
thuc h tr thn kinh, methionin l thuc b gan.
- Cc axit 6-aminohexanoic (-aminocaproic) v 7-aminoheptanoic (-aminoenantoic) l nguyn liu
sn xut t nilon nh nilon-6, nilon-7,
30
* Trng tm:
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C. PEPTIT & PROTEIN

I PEPTIT
1. Khi nim
* Peptit l hp cht cha t 2 n 50 gc -amino axit lin kt vi nhau bi cc lin kt peptit.

* Lin kt peptit l lin kt CO NH gia 2 n v - aminoaxit. Nhm CO NH gia hai
n v - aminoaxit c gi l nhm peptit
* Phn t peptit hp thnh t cc gc -amino axit bng lin kt peptit theo mt trt t nht nh. Amino
axit u N cn nhm NH2, amino axit u C cn nhm COOH.
* Nhng phn t peptit cha 2, 3, 4,gc -amino axit c gi l i, tri, tetrapeptit. Nhng phn t
peptit cha nhiu gc -amino axit (trn 10) hp thnh c gi l polipeptit.
* CTCT ca cc peptit c th biu din bng cch ghp t tn vit tt ca cc gc -amino axit theo trt
t ca chng.
Th d: Hai ipeptit t alanin v glyxin l: ..
2. Tnh cht ho hc :
a. Phn ng thu phn : (xt axit hoc baz)
b. Phn ng mu biure: (iu kin phi l tri peptit ( c hai lin kt peptit) tr ln)
II PROTEIN
1. Khi nim:
* Protein l nhng polipeptit cao phn t c khi lng phn t t vi chc nghn n vi triu. c
to thnh t cc chui peptit lin kt li vi nhau
* Phn loi:
- Protein n gin: L loi protein m khi thy phn ch cho hn hp cc -amino axit.
Th d: anbumin ca lng trng trng, fibroin ca t tm,
- Protein phc tp: c to thnh t protein n gin cng vi thnh phn phi protein.
Th d: nucleoprotein cha axit nucleic, lipoprotein cha cht bo,
2. Cu to phn t
c to nn bi nhiu gc -amino axit ni vi nhau bng lin kt peptit.
... NH CH C N CH C NH CH C ... hay NH CH C
R1 O H R2 O R3 O Ri O n
31
(n 50)
3. Tnh cht
a. Tnh cht vt l:
- Nhiu protein hnh cu tan c trong nc to thnh dung dch keo v ng t li khi un nng.
Th d:..
- S ng t v kt ta protein cng xy ra khi cho axit, baz v mt s mui vo dung dch protein.
b. Tnh cht ho hc
- B thu phn nh xt axit, baz hoc enzim (ging pepetit)
Protein chui polipeptit -amino axit
- C phn ng mu biure vi Cu(OH)2 mu ?.................V sao?................................
* Trng tm:
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32
* Cng c
AMIN AMINO AXIT PROTEIN
Amin Aminoaxit Peptit v Protein
Amin l hp cht hu c coi nh c to Aminoaxit l hp cht hu c tp Peptit l hp cht cha t 2
Khi nim nn khi thay th mt hay nhiu nguyn t H chc, phn t cha ng thi nhm
trong phn t NH3 bng gc hidrocacbon amino -NH2 v nhm cacboxyl 50 gc - amino axit
-COOH. lin kt vi nhau bi cc lin
kt
TQ: RNH2( Bc 1) TQ: H2N R COOH peptit CO NH
VD: CH3 NH2 C6H5 NH2 VD: H2N CH2 COOH Protein l loi polipeptit cao
CH3 NH CH3 ( anilin ) (glyxin) phn t c PTK t vi chc
CTPT CH3 N CH3 CH3 C H COOH nghn n vi triu.
| | (alanin)
CH3 NH2
Ha tnh Tnh baz: khng tan Lng tnh p/ thy phn.

- Trng ngng p/ mu biure.
CH3 NH2 +H2O
[CH3NH3]+OH -
HCl To mui To mui To mui To mui hoc thy phn khi
[C6H5 un nng
R NH2 + HCl NH3]+Cl - H2N - R- COOH + HCl
[R NH3]+Cl - ClH3N R COOH
Kim To mui Thy phn khi un nng
NaOH H2N R COOH + NaOH

H2N RCOONa + H2O
Ancol To este
Br2/H2
trng
Cu(OH)2 To hp cht mu tm
Trng
ngng v - aminoaxit tham d p/
trng ngng
2. Lu :
- T n phn t -amino axit khc nhau th c n! ng phn peptit (peptit cha n gc -amino axit khc
nhau)
- T n phn t -amino axit khc nhau th c n2 s peptit c to thnh

- S lng peptit cha n gc -amino axit (c th trng nhau) t a phn t -amino axit (n a) l an
- S phn t -amino axit to peptit = s lin kt peptit +1
33
CU HI TRC NGHIM
Cu 1: S ng phn amin c cng thc phn t C4H11N l
A. 5. B. 7. C. 6. D. 8.
Cu 2: S ng phn amin bc mt ng vi cng thc phn t C4H11N l
A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5.
Cu 3: C bao nhiu amin cha vng benzen c cng cng thc phn t C7H9N ?
A. 3 amin. B. 5 amin. C. 6 amin. D. 7 amin.
Cu 4: Anilin c cng thc l
A. CH3COOH. B. C6H5OH. C. C6H5NH2. D. CH3OH.
Cu 5: Trong cc cht sau, cht no l amin bc 2?
A. H2N-[CH2]6NH2 B. CH3CH(CH3)NH2
C. CH3NHCH3 D. C6H5NH2
Cu 6: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht CH3CH(CH3)NH2?
A. Metyletylamin. B. Etylmetylamin. C. Isopropanamin. D. Isopropylamin.
Cu 7: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht C6H5-CH2-NH2?
A. Phenylamin. B. Benzylamin. C. Anilin. D.Phenylmetylamin.
Cu 8: Cht khng c kh nng lm xanh nc qu tm l
A. Anilin B. Natri hiroxit. C. Natri axetat. D. Amoniac.
Cu 9: Dy gm cc cht u lm giy qu tm m chuyn sang mu xanh l:
A. anilin, metyl amin, amoniac. B. amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hiroxit.
C. anilin, amoniac, natri hiroxit. D. metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat.
Cu 10: Kt ta xut hin khi nh dung dch brom vo
A. ancol etyliC. B. benzen. C. anilin. D. axit axetic.
Cu 11: Anilin (C6H5NH2) phn ng vi dung dch
A. NaOH. B. HCl. C. Na2CO3. D. NaCl.
Cu 12: Anilin (C6H5NH2) v phenol (C6H5OH) u c phn ng vi
A. dung dch NaCl. B. dung dch HCl. C. nc Br2. D. dung dch NaOH.
Cu 13: Dung dch C2H5NH2 trong H2O khng phn ng vi cht no sau y ?
A. HCl. B. H2SO4. C. Qu tm. D. NaOH
Cu 14: Nhn nh no sau y khng ng?
A. Amin c tnh baz v trn nguyn t N c i e t do nn c kh nng nhn proton.
B. Trong phn t anilin c nh hng qua li gia nhm amino v gc phenyl.
C. Anilin c tnh baz mnh nn lm mt mu nc brom.
D. Anilin khng lm i mu qu tm.
Cu 15: Cho cc hp cht hu c sau: C 6H5NH2 (1); C2H5NH2 (2); (C2H5)2NH (3); NaOH (4); NH3 (5); CH3NH2
(6); C2H5OH (7). mnh ca cc baz c sp xp theo th t tng dn l:
A. 7 < 5 < 6 < 2 < 1 < 3 < 4. B. 7 < 5 < 6 < 1 < 3 < 2 < 4.
C. 4 < 5 < 6 < 1 < 2 < 3 < 7. D. 7 < 1 <5 < 6 < 2 < 3 < 4.
Cu 16: Amin c CTPT C4H11N c s ng phn amin bc 2 l:
A. 4. B. 3. C. 1. D. 8
Cu 17: Hp cht no sau y thuc loi ipeptit ?
A. H2NCH2CONHCH2CONHCH2COOH B. H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)COOH
C. H2NCH2CH2CONHCH2CH2COOH D. H2NCH2CH2CONHCH2COOH
Cu 18 : Thuc th no sau y dng phn bit cc dung dch glucoz, glixerol, etanol v lng trng trng ?
A. NaOH B. AgNO3/NH3 C. Cu(OH)2 D. HNO3
Cu 19: Dung dch no di y lm qu tm ho xanh ?
A. CH3CH2CH2NH2 B. H2NCH2COOH
C. C6H5NH2 D.H2NCH(COOH)CH2CH2COOH
Cu 20: Amino axit l hp cht hu c trong phn t
A. cha nhm cacboxyl v nhm amino. B. ch cha nhm amino.
C. ch cha nhm cacboxyl. D. ch cha nit hoc cacbon.
Cu 21: C4H9O2N c my ng phn amino axit c nhm amino v tr ?
A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5.
Cu 22: C bao nhiu amino axit c cng cng thc phn t C4H9O2N?
34
A. 3 cht. B. 4 cht. C. 5 cht. D. 6 cht.
Cu 23: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no khng ph hp vi cht CH3CH(NH2)COOH ?
A. Axit 2-aminopropanoic. B. Axit -aminopropionic. C. Anilin. D. Alanin.
Cu 24: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no khng ph hp vi cht
CH3-CH(CH3)-CH(NH2)-COOH?
A. Axit 3-metyl-2-aminobutanoic. B. Valin.
C. Axit 2-amino-3-metylbutanoic. D. Axit -aminoisovaleriC.
Cu 25: Dung dch ca cht no sau y khng lm i mu qu tm :
A. Glixin B.Lizin C. Axit glutamic D. Natriphenolat
Cu 26: Cht no sau y va tc dng c vi H2NCH2COOH, va tc dng c vi CH3NH2? A.
NaCl. B. HCl. C. CH3OH. D. NaOH.
Cu 27: Cho dy cc cht: C6H5NH2 (anilin), H2NCH2COOH, CH3CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2NH2, C6H5OH
(phenol). S cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l
A. 4. B. 2. C. 3. D. 5.
Cu 28: Cht phn ng c vi cc dung dch: NaOH, HCl l
A. C2H6. B. H2N-CH2-COOH. C. CH3COOH. D. C2H5OH.
Cu 29: Axit aminoaxetic tc dng c vi dung dch
A. NaNO3. B. NaCl. C. NaOH. D. Na2SO4.
Cu 30: phn bit 3 dung dch H2NCH2COOH, CH3COOH v C2H5NH2 ch cn dng mt thuc th l
A. dung dch NaOH. B. dung dch HCl. C. natri kim loi. D. qu tm.
Cu 31: Glixin khng tc dng vi
A. H2SO4 long. B. CaCO3. C. C2H5OH. D. NaCl.
Cu 32: Cho hp cht H2NCH2COOH ln lt tc dng vi cc cht sau: Br2, CH3OH/HCl, NaOH, CH3COOH,
HCl, CuO, Na, Na2CO3. S phn ng xy ra l:
A. 5. B. 6. C. 8. D. 7.
Cu 33: C 5 dd cha: CH3COOH, glixerol, dd glucoz, h tinh bt, lng trng trng. S cht tc dng vi
Cu(OH)2/OH- l:
A. bn cht. B. hai cht. C. ba cht D. nm cht.
Cu 34: C cc cht: lng trng trng (anbumin), dd glucoz, dd anilin, dd anehit axetic. Nhn bit chng
bng thuc th no?
A. dd Br2. B. Cu(OH)2/OH-. C. HNO3 c. D.ddAgNO3/NH3.
Cu 35: Tripeptit l hp cht
A. m mi phn t c 3 lin kt peptit.
B. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit ging nhau.
C. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit khc nhau.
D. c 2 lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc -amino axit.
Cu 36: C bao nhiu tripeptit m phn t cha 3 gc amino axit khc nhau?
Cu 37: Trong cc cht di y, cht no l ipeptit ?
A. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-CH2-COOH.
B. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH.
C. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-COOH.
D. H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH
Cu 38: T glyxin (Gly) v alanin (Ala) c th to ra my cht ipeptit ?
Cu 39: Sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh thy phn cc protein n gin nh cht xc tc thch hp l:
A. -aminoaxit. B. -aminoaxit. C. axit cacboxyliC. D. este.
Cu 40: S kt ta protit bng nhit c gi l
A. s ngng t B. s trng ngng C. s ng t D. s phn hu
Cu 41: Hp cht no sau y thuc loi ipeptit ?
A. H2N-CH2CONH-CH2CONH-CH2COOH. B. H2N-CH2CONH-CH(CH3)-COOH.
C. H2N- CH2CH2CONH-CH2CH2COOH. D. H2N-CH2CH2CONH-CH2COOH.
Cu 42: Mt trong nhng quan im khc nhau gia protein so vi lipit v cacbohidrat l :
35
A. protein lun cha chc ancol (-OH). B. protein lun cha nit.
C. protein lun l cht hu c no. D. protein c phn t khi ln hn.
Cu 43: Khi thy phn tripeptit H2N CH(CH3)CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH s to ra cc amino axit
A. H2NCH2COOH v CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
B. H2NCH2CH(CH3)COOH v H2NCH2COOH.
C. H2NCH(CH3)COOH v H2NCH(NH2)COOH.
D. CH3CH(NH2)CH2COOH v H2NCH2COOH.
Cu 44: Tn gi no sau y ph hp vi peptit c CTCT: H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH2COOH ?
A. alanin -alanin-glyxin. B. alanin-glyxin-alanin
C. glyxin -alanin-glyxin. D. glyxin-glyxin- alanin.
Cu 45: Protein phn ng vi dung dch Cu(OH)2 to sn phm c mu c trung l:
A. Mu tm B. mu vng C. mu D. mu da cam
*. MT S DNG BI TP
DNG 1: DA VO PHN NG GIA AMIN VI AXIT HOC VI BROM TNH KHI LNG MUI
THU C V KHI LNG AMIN BAN U
Cu 1: Cho 9,3 gam anilin tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui thu c l
Cu 3: Cho anilin tc dng vi va vi dd cha 24 gam brom thu c m (gam) kt ta trng. Gi tr ca m

l:
A. 16,8 g. B. 16,5 g. C. 15,6 g. D. 15,7 g.
DNG 2: XC NH CU TO AMIN DA VO PHN NG TO MUI

Cu 1: Cho 2,25 gam mt amin (X) no, n chc, bc 1, tc dng va vi 500ml dd HCl 0,1M. CT ca X l:
A. CH3NH2. B. C3H7NH2. C. C4H9NH2. D. C2H5NH2.
Cu 2: Cho 0,4 mol mt amin (X) no, n chc, bc 1, tc dng vi lng d dd HCl thu c 32,6g mui. CT
ca X l: A. CH3NH2. B. C3H7NH2. C. C4H9NH2. D. C2H5NH2.
DNG 3: XC NH CU TO AMIN DA VO PHN NG T CHY

+ Amin n chc (ch c mt nguyn t N):
y y 1
(x )
4 2 2
CxHyN + O2 x CO2 + H2O + N2 => Tm x, y ?
6n 3 2n+3 1
2 2 2
+ Amin no, n chc: CnH2n+3N + ( ) O2 nCO2 + H2O + N2 => Tm n ?
(T amin no, n chc CnH2n+3N => Suy ra amin no, n chc bc 1 CnH2n+1NH2).
Cu 1: t chy hon ton mt amin n chc X thu c 4.5 g H 2O; 2,24 lt CO2 v 1,12 lt N2 ktc. CTPT
ca X l: A. CH5N. B. C2H7N. C. C3H9N. D. C4H11N.
Cu 2: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt amin n chc X thu c 4,48 lt CO 2 v 6,3g H2O. CTPT ca X:
A. CH5N. B. C2H7N. C. C3H9N. D. C4H11N.
DNG 4: XC NH CU TO AMINO AXIT DA VO PHN NG TO MUI

Cu 1: X l -amino axit axit no ch cha 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho 10,3 g X tc dng vi axit
HCl (d), thu c 13,95 g mui khan. CTCT thu gn ca X l:
A. CH3CH2CH(NH2)COOH. B. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
36
C. CH3CH(NH2)COOH. D. H2NCH2COOH.
Cu 2: X l mt amino axit no, ch cha 1 nhm NH 2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho X tc dng vi 100ml dd
NaOH 1M, thu c 11,1 g mui. CTCT ca X l:
A. H2N-CH2-COOH. B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH.
C. C2H5-CH(NH2)-COOH D. H2N- CH2-CH2-COOH.
Cu 3: Trung ho 1 mol -amino axit X cn 1 mol HCl to ra mui Y c hm lng clo l 32.127% v khi
lng. CTCT ca X l:
A. H2N-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH. B. H2N-CH2-COOH.
C. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. D. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH.
Cu 4: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit A tc dng va vi 80 ml dd HCl 0,25M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng
thu c 3,67 g mui. Phn t khi ca A l:
A. 134. B. 146. C. 147. D. 157.
DNG 5: XC NH CU TO AMINOAIXIT DA VO PHN NG T CHY

Lu :
- Amino axit ch cha mt nhm amino (-NH2) v mt nhm cacboxyl (-COOH)
y y 1
( x 1)
4 2 2
CxHy NO2 + O2 x CO2 + H2O + N2 => Tm x, y ?
- Amino axit no, ch cha mt nhm amino (-NH2) v mt nhm cacboxyl (-COOH):
(6n 3) 2n 1 1
4 2 2
CnH2n+1 NO2 + O2 n CO2 + H2O + N2 => Tm n ?
Cu 1: t chy hon ton 0,01 mol hn hp 2 amino axit no X, Y l ng ng k tip nhau, mi cht u
cha 1 nhm (NH2) v 1 nhm (-COOH), thu c 0,56 lt CO2 (ktc). CTPT ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3NO2 v C2H7NO2. B. C2H5NO2 v C3H7NO2.
C. C3H7NO2 v C4H9NO2. D. C4H9NO2 v C5H11NO2.
Cu 2: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp 2 amino axit no, l ng ng k tip nhau, mi cht u cha 1
nhm (NH2) v 1 nhm (-COOH), ri cho sn phm chy qua bnh ng dd NaOH d, thy khi lng bnh
tng 32,8 g. CTCT ca 2 amino axit l:
A. H2NCH(CH3)COOH, C2H5CH(NH2)COOH.
B. H2NCH2COOH, H2NCH(CH3)COOH.
C. H2NCH(CH3)COOH, H2N[CH2]3COOH.
D. H2NCH2COOH, H2NCH2CH2COOH
Cu 3: Este X c iu ch t amino axit Y v ancol etylic. T khi hi ca X so vi H2 bng 51,5. t chy

hon ton 10,3 gam X thu c 17,6 gam kh CO2; 8,1 gam nc v 1,12 lt nit (ktc). Cng thc cu to thu
gn ca X l:
A. H2N-[CH2]2-COO-C2H5 B. H2N-CH2-COO-C2H5
C. H2N-CH(CH3)-COO-H D. H2N-CH(CH3)-COO-C2H5
Cu 4: Mt hp cht hu c cha cc nguyn t C, H, N, O c phn t khi bng 89. t chy hon ton 1 mol
hp cht thu c 3 mol CO2; 0,5 mol N2 v a mol hi nc. Cng thc phn t ca hp cht l
37
A. C4H9O2N B. C2H5O2N C. C3H7NO2 D. C3H5NO2
38
CHNG IV: POLIME
A. I CNG V POLIME
I KHI NIM:
a) nh ngha
* V d:
Polime l nhng hp cht c phn t khi ln do nhiu n v c s gi l mt xch lin kt vi nhau

to nn.
- n.........................................................................
- Cc phn t nh CH2=CH2, H2N[CH2]5COOH, phn ng vi nhau to nn polime c gi
l:................................
b) Tn gi:
- Tn polime = poli + tn monome.
- Nu tn ca monome gm hai cm t tr ln th c t trong du ngoc n.
Th d:
- Mt s polime c tn ring:
Th d:
Teflon: CF2 CF2 n
Nilon 6:.
Xenluloz:
c) Phn loi: Theo ngun gc
* Polime tng hp
+ Phng php trng hp:.
+ Phng php trng ngng:..
* Polime thin nhin:.
* Polime bn tng hp:..
II C IM CU TRC
Mch khng phn nhnh: amiloz, xenluloz,
Mch phn nhnh: amilopectin, glicogen,
Mng khng gian: cao su lu ho, nha bakelit,
III TNH CHT VT L:

- Rn, khng bay hi, khng c nhit nng chy xc nh.
- Polime khi nng chy cho cht lng nht, ngui rn li gi l cht nhit do.
- Polime khng nng chy, khi un b phn hu gi l cht nhit rn.
- Khng tan trong cc dung mi thng thng.
- Tnh do, n hi, ko si c.ty loi
- Cch in, cch nhit, hoc bn dnty loi
IV PHNG PHP IU CH:

* Hai loi phn ng thng dng l trng hp v trng ngng
1. Phn ng trng hp:
39
- Trng hp l qu trnh cng hp nhiu phn t nh (monome) ging nhau hay tng t nhau thnh
phn t ln (polime).
- iu kin cn v cu to ca monome tham gia phn ng trng hp l trong phn t phi c:
+ Lin kt bi( lin kt i):
+ Vng km bn c th m ra nh:
CH2 CH2 C O
CH2 CH2, H2C
O CH2 CH2 NH,...
- Th d:
2. Phn ng trng ngng

- Trng ngng l qu trnh kt hp nhiu phn t nh (monome) thnh phn t ln (polime) ng thi
gii phng nhng phn t nh khc (th d H2O).
- iu kin cn v cu to ca monome tham gia phn ng trng ngng l trong phn t phi c t
nht hai nhm chc c kh nng phn ng:
- Th d:
V NG DNG:
- Vt liu polime phc v cho sn xut v i sng:
+ Cht do
+ Cao su
+ T si
+ Keo dn
* Trng tm:
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B. VT LIU POLIME
I CHT DO
1. Khi nim v cht do v vt liu compozit
- Cht do l:.
+ Tnh do v tnh n hi:
..
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40
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...................................
- Vt liu compozit:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
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+ Vt liu compozit gm cht nn (polime) v cc cht ph gia khc.
Cc cht nn c th l nha nhit do hay nha nhit rn.
Cht n c th l si (bng, ay, poliamit, aming,) hoc bt (silicat, bt nh (CaCO 3), bt tan
(3MgO.4SiO2.2H2O),
2. Mt s polime dng lm cht do:
a) Polietilen (PE): CH2 CH2 n
.
Polietilen (PE)
Monome
PTHH tng
hp
Tnh cht
ng dng
CH2 CH
b) Poli (vinyl clorua) (PVC):
Cl n
Poli(vinyl clorua) (PVC)

Monome
PTHH
tng hp
Tnh cht
ng dng

CH3
c) Poli (metyl metacylat)CH
: 2 C
COOCH3 n
Poli(metyl metacrylat) (PMM)

Monome
PTHH
tng hp
Tnh cht
ng dng
d) Poli (phenol fomanehit)
(PPF)
C 3 dng: Nha novolac, nha rezol( mch khng nhnh) v nha rezit( mng khng gian)
41
- S iu ch nha novolac:
OH OH OH
+ 0
+nCH2O CH2OH H , 75 C CH2
n n
-nH2O n
ancol o-hiroxibenzylic nha novolac
o
OH
,t
C6H5OH + HCHO (d) nha rezol
140o C ,

Nha rezol lm lnh thu c nha rezit.
II T
1. Khi nim
- T l nhng polime hnh si di v mnh vi bn nht nh.
- Trong t, nhng phn t polime c mch khng phn nhnh, sp xp song song vi nhau.
2. Phn loi
42
T thin nhin ( bng , len .t tm )
* T -T tng hp -T poliamit
(nilon, capron )
T ha hc
-T vinylic th
(vinilon, nitron)
-T bn tng hp (t nhn to )
(T visco , t xenluloz axetat)
* Ghi ch:
- T thin nhin: sn c trong thin nhin
- T ho hc: ch to bng phng php ho hc, gm hai loi
+ T tng hp: ch to t polime tng hp
+ T bn tng hp (t nhn to): xut pht t polime thin nhin nhng c ch bin thm bng con ng
ho hc.
3. Mt s loi t tng hp thng gp

a) T nilon-6,6:
T nilon-6,6
Monome
PTHH
tng hp
Tnh cht
ng dng
b) T nitron (hay olon) thuc loi t vinylic
T nitron
Monome
PTHH
tng hp
Tnh cht
ng dng
III CAO SU
1. Khi nim:
Cao su l vt liu polime c tnh n hi.
2. Phn loi:
C hai : Cao su thin nhin v cao su tng hp.
a) Cao su thin nhin
* Cu to:
0
250-300 C
Cao su thien nhien isopren(.)
Cao su thin nhin l polime ca isopren:
CH2 C CH CH2 n~
~1.500 - 15.000
CH3 n
* Tnh cht v ng dng
- Cao su thin nhin c tnh n hi, khng dn in v nhit, khng thm kh v nc, khng tan trong nc,
etanol, axeton,nhng tan trong xng, benzen.
43
- Cao su thin nhin tham gia c phn ng cng (H2, HCl, Cl2,) do trong phn t c cha lin kt i. Tc
dng c vi lu hunh cho cao su lu ho c tnh n hi, chu nhit, lu mn, kh ho tan trong cc dung
mi hn so vi cao su thng.
- Bn cht ca qu trnh lu ho cao su (un nng 1500C hn hp cao su v lu hunh vi t l khong 97:3
v khi lng) l to cu ni SS gia cc mch cao su to thnh mng li.
nS ,t 0

b) Cao su tng hp: L loi vt liu polime tng t cao su thin nhin, thng c iu ch t cc ankaien
bng phn ng trng hp.
* Cao su buna: Cao su buna c tnh n hi v bn km cao su thin nhin.
* Cao su buna-S v buna-N
* Trng tm:
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* Cu hi cng c
1. T tm v nilon-6,6 u
A. c cng phn t khi. B. thuc loi t tng hp.
C. thuc loi t thin nhin. D. cha cc loi nguyn t ging nhau trong phn t.
2. Phn t khi trung bnh ca poli(hexametylen aipamit) l 30.000, ca sao su t nhin l 105.000. Hy tnh
s mt xch (tr s n) gn ng trong CTPT mi loi polime trn.
3. T visco khng thuc loi
A. t ho hc B. t tng hp C. t bn tng hp D. t nhn to
4. Polime no sau y c tng hp bng phn ng trng hp ?
A. Poli(vinyl clorua) B. Polisaccarit C. Protein D. Nilon-6,6
5. Polime no sau y c tng hp bng phn ng trng ngng ?
A. Nilon-6,6 B. Polistiren C. Poli(vinyl clorua) D. Polipropilen
A. MT S DNG BI TP:
+ Dng 1: Tnh khi lng monome hoc polime to thnh vi hiu sut phn ng
Cu 1: T 4 tn C2H4 c cha 30% tp cht c th iu ch bao nhiu tn PE ? (Bit hiu sut phn ng l
90%)
A. 2,55 B. 2,8 C. 2,52 D.3,6
Cu 2: Sau khi trng hp 1 mol etilen th thu c sn phm c phn ng va vi 16 gam brom. Hiu
sut phn ng v khi lng polime thu c l
A. 80% ; 22,4 gam. B. 90% ; 25,2 gam. C. 20% ; 25,2 gam. D. 10%; 28 gam.
44
+ Dng 2: Tnh s mt xch trong polime
Cu 1: Khi lng ca mt on mch t nilon-6,6 l 27346 u v ca mt on mch t capron l 17176 u. S
lng mt xch trong on mch nilon-6,6 v capron nu trn ln lt l: A. 113 v 152. B. 121 v 114.
C. 121 v 152. D. 113 v 114.
Cu 2: Polime X c phn t khi l 336000 v h s trng hp l 12000. Vy X l
A. PE. B. PP. C. PVC D. Teflon.
B. CU HI TRC NGHIM
Cu 1: Polivinyl clorua c cng thc l
A. (-CH2-CHCl-)2. B. (-CH2-CH2-)n. C. (-CH2-CHBr-)n. D. (-CH2-CHF-)n.
Cu 2: Cht khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l
A. stiren. B. isopren. C. propen. D. toluen.
Cu 3: Cht c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l
A. propan. B. propen. C. etan. D. toluen.
Cu 4: Qu trnh nhiu phn t nh (monome) kt hp vi nhau thnh phn t ln (polime) ng thi gii
phng nhng phn t nc gi l phn ng
A. nhit phn. B. trao i. C. trng hp. D. trng ngng.
Cu 5: c im cu to ca cc phn t nh(monome) tham gia phn ng trng hp l
A. phi l hirocacbon B. phi c 2 nhm chc tr ln
C. phi l anken hoc ankaien.
D. phi c mt lin kt i hoc vng no khng bn.
Cu 6: Cht tham gia phn ng trng hp to ra polime l
A. CH3-CH2-Cl. B. CH3-CH3. C. CH2=CH-CH3. D. CH3-CH2-CH3.
Cu 7: Monome c dng iu ch P.P l
A. CH2=CH-CH3. B. CH2=CH2. C. CHCH. D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2.
Cu 8: Dy gm cc cht c dng tng hp cao su Buna-S l:
A. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2. B. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2.
C. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, lu hunh. D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, CH3-CH=CH2.
0
H 2 ,t 0 Z
C 2 H
2
xt,t
X Pd,PbCO3
Y t 0 ,xt,p
Cao su buna N
Cu 9: Cho s chuyn ho sau
Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l :
A. benzen; xiclohexan; amoniac B. axetanehit; ancol etylic; buta-1,3-ien
C. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; stiren D. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; acrilonitrin
Cu 10: Polivinyl axetat (hoc poli(vinyl axetat)) l polime c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp
A. C2H5COO-CH=CH2. B. CH2=CH-COO-C2H5.
C. CH3COO-CH=CH2. D. CH2=CH-COO-CH3.
Cu 11: Polime dng ch to thu tinh hu c (plexiglas) c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp
A. CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3. B. CH2 =CHCOOCH3.
C. C6H5CH=CH2. D. CH3COOCH=CH2.
Cu 12: Cng thc cu to ca polibutaien l
A. (-CF2-CF2-)n. B. (-CH2-CHCl-)n. C.(-CH2-CH2-)n. D.(-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-)n.
Cu 13: T c sn xut t xenluloz l
A. t tm. B. t capron. C. t nilon-6,6. D. t visco.
Cu 14: Polime thin nhin: tinh bt (C6H10O5)n; cao su isopren (C5H8)n; t tm (-NH-R-CO-)n. Polime
c th c coi l sn phm trng ngng l
A. tinh bt (C6H10O5) B. tinh bt (C6H10O5); cao su isopren (C5H8)n.
C. cao su isopren (C5H8)n D. tinh bt (C6H10O5); t tm (-NH-R-CO-)n
Cu 15: Cho s chuyn ho: Glucoz X Y Cao su Buna. Hai cht X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3CH2OH v CH3CHO. B. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH2.
C. CH2CH2OH v CH3-CH=CH-CH3. D. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH-CH=CH2.
Cu 16: Cng thc phn t ca cao su thin nhin
A. ( C5H8)n B. ( C4H8)n C. ( C4H6)n D. ( C2H4)n
Cu 17: Cht khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng ngng l :
A. glyxin. B. axit terephtalic. C. axit axetic D. etylen glycol.
45
Cu 18: T visco khng thuc loi
A. t ha hC. B. t tng hp. C. t bn tng hp. D. t nhn to.
Cu 19: Polime c cu trc mng khng gian (mng li) l
A. PVC. B. nha bakelit. C. PE. D. amilopectin.
Cu 20 : Cht hoc cp cht di y khng th tham gia phn ng trng ngng l
A. phenol v fomanehit B. buta-1,3-ien v stiren.
C. axit aipic v hexametileniamin D. axit -aminocaproic
n CO2 : n H 2O 1:1
Cu 21: Khi t chy mt loi polime ch thu c kh CO2 v hi H2O vi t l . Vy, polime
trn thuc loi no trong s cc polime sau ?
A. poli(vinyl clorua). B. polietilen. C. tinh bt. D. protein.
Cu 22: tng hp 120 kg poli(metyl metacrylat) vi hiu sut ca qu trnh ho este l 60% v qu trnh
trng hp l 80% th cn cc lng axit v ancol (ancol) l
A. 215 kg axit v 80 kg ancol (ancol) C. 85 kg axit v 40 kg ancol (ancol)
B. 172 kg axit v 84 kg ancol (ancol) D. 86 kg axit v 42 kg ancol (ancol)
Cu 23: Cu no sau y ng?
A. t nitron (t olon) c trng ngng t acrilo nitrin.
B. t capron trng hp t axit -amino caproic.
C. t nilon-6,6 c trng ngng t hexametilen diamin v axit adipic.
D. thy tinh hu c c trng ngng t etilen glicol v axit terephtalic.
Cu 24: Loi t no di y thng dng dt vi may qun o m hoc bn thnh si len an o rt?
A. T capron B. T nilon -6,6 C. T capron D. T nitron.
Cu 25: Polime (-CH2 CH(CH3) - CH2 C(CH3) = CH - CH2 -)n c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp
monome
A. CH2 = CH - CH3 v CH2 = C(CH3) - CH2 - CH = CH2 B. CH2 = C(CH3) - CH = CH2
C. CH2 = CH - CH3 D. CH2 = CH - CH3 v CH2 = C(CH3) - CH = CH2
Cu 26: Ch r monome ca sn phm trng hp c tn gi poli propilen (P.P)
A. CH2 = CH - CH3 B. (- CH2 - CH2 - )n
C. CH2 = CH2 D. (- CH2 CH(CH3) -)n
Cu 27: Cao su c sn xut t sn phm trng hp ca buta-1,3-ien vi CN-CH=CH2 c tn gi thng
thng l
A. cao su Buna. B. cao su Buna-S. C. cao su Buna- N. D. cao su cloropren.
Cu 28: Polime c cu trc mch khng phn nhnh l
A. Nha bakelit. B. Amilopectin ca tinh bt.
C. Poli (vinyl clorua). D. Cao su lu ha.
Cu 29: Cu to ca monome tham gia c phn ng trng ngng l
B. trong phn t phi c lin kt cha no hoc vng khng bn.
B. tha iu kin v nhit , p sut, xc tc thch hp.
C. c t nht 2 nhm chc c kh nng tham gia phn ng.
D. cc nhm chc trong phn t u c cha lin kt i.
Cu 30:T 4 tn C2H4 c cha 30% tp cht c th iu ch bao nhiu tn PE ? (Bit hiu sut phn ng l
90%) A. 2,55 B. 2,8 C. 2,52 D.3,6
Cu 31: Dy gm tt c cc cht u l cht do l
A. Polietilen; t tm, nha rezol. B. Polietilen; cao su thin nhin, PVA.
C. Polietilen; t st t; PVC. D. Polietilen; polistiren; bakelit
Cu 32: T gm 2 loi l
A. t ha hc v t tng hp. B. t thin nhin v t nhn to.
C. t ha hc v t thin nhin. D. t tng hp v t nhn to.
Cu 33:Poli (metyl metacrylat) v t nilon-6 c to thnh t cc monome tng ng l
A. CH3-COO-CH=CH2 v H2N-[CH2]5-COOH.
B. CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]6-COOH.
C. CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]5-COOH.
D. CH2=CH-COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]6-COOH.
46
Cu 34:Mt on mch PVC c khong 1000 mt xch. Hy xc nh khi lng ca on mch .A. 62500
vC B. 625000 vC C. 125000 vC D. 250000vC.

Cu 35:Trng ngng axit aminocaproic thu c m kg polime v 12,6 kg H2O vi hiu sut phn ng 90%.
Gi tr ca m l A. 71,19. B. 79,1. C. 91,7. D. 90,4.
Cu 36:T 100ml dd ancol etylic 33,34% (D = 0,69g/ml) c th iu ch c bao nhiu g PE (hiu sut
100%)A. 23 B. 14 C. 18 D. Kt qu khc
Cu 37: iu ch cao su buna ngi ta c th thc hin theo cc s bin ha sau:
50 % 80 %
C2H5OH buta-1,3-ien cao su buna. Tnh khi lng ancol etylic cn ly c th iu ch
c 54 gam cao su buna theo s trn?
A. 92 gam B. 184 gam C. 115 gam D. 230 gam.
Cu 38: Khi lng axit v ru tng ng cn thu c 1,2 tn poli(metyl metacrylat) l bao nhiu, bit
rng hiu sut ca mi qu trnh l 70%
A. 2,11 tn v 0,78 tn B.1,47 tn v 0,55 tn
C. 0,72 tn v 0,27 tn D. 0,51 tn v 0,19 tn
47
CHNG 5: I CNG V KIM LOI
A. V TR CA KIM LOI TRONG BNG TUN HON V CU TO CA KL
I V TR CA KIM LOI TRONG BNG TUN HON
- Nhm IA (tr H), nhm IIA, IIIA (tr B) v mt phn ca cc nhm IVA, VA, VIA.
- Cc nhm B (t IB n VIIIB).
- H lantan v actini.
IA II A III A IV A VA VI A VII A VIII A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
* Nhc li cu hnh electron ca nguyn t:

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II CU TO CA KIM LOI
1. Cu to nguyn t
- Nguyn t ca hu ht cc nguyn t kim loi u c t electron lp ngoi cng (1, 2 hoc 3e).
Th d:
Na(Z=11) ..........................................................
Mg:(Z=12) .......................................................
Al: (Z=13) ..........................................................
- Trong chu k, nguyn t ca nguyn t kim loi c bn knh nguyn t ln hn v in tch ht
nhn nh hn so vi cc nguyn t ca nguyn t phi kim.
Th d:
48
Nguyn t: 11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl
BKNT: 0,157 0,136 0,125 0,117 0,110 0,104 0,099
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.......................................................................................................
2. Cu to tinh th
- nhit thng, tr Hg th lng, cn cc kim loi khc th rn v c cu to tinh th.
- Trong tinh th kim loi, nguyn t v ion kim loi nm nhng nt ca mng tinh th. Cc electron
ho tr lin kt yu vi ht nhn nn d tch khi nguyn t v chuyn ng t do trong mng tinh th.
-C ba kiu mng ph bin:
Mng tinh th lc phng: ( Mg,Zn)
Mng tinh th lp phng tm din: (Cu, Ag, Al)
Mng tinh th lp phng tm khi: ( Li,Na,K.)
3. Lin kt kim loi
Lin kt kim loi l lin kt c hnh thnh gia cc nguyn t v ion kim loi trong mng tinh th do
c s tham gia ca cc electron t do.
Lc ht tnh in gia cc electron t do v cc ion dng kim loi
B.TNH CHT CA KIM LOI - DY IN HO CA KIM LOI
I TNH CHT VT L
1. Tnh cht chung:
- iu kin thng, cc KL u trng thi rn (tr Hg), c mt s tnh cht chung sau:
Tnh do: Au
Dn in, dn nhit: Ag , Cu , Au , Al , Fe
C nh kim
- Ngoi mt s tnh cht vt l chung ca cc kim loi, kim loi cn c mt s tnh cht vt l ring:
+ Khi lng ring: Nh nht: (0,5g/cm3); ln nht .(22,6g/cm3).
+ Nhit nng chy: Thp nht: (390C); cao nht .(34100C).
+ Tnh cng: KL mm nht l . (dng dao ct c) v cng nht l (ct c knh).
2. Gii thch
a) Tnh do
Kim loi c tnh do l v cc ion dng trong mng tinh th kim loi c th trt ln nhau d dng m
khng tch ri nhau nh nhng electron t do chuyn ng dnh kt chng vi nhau.
b) Tnh dn in
- Khi t mt hiu in th vo hai u dy kim loi, nhng electron chuyn ng t do trong kim loi
s chuyn ng thnh dng c hng t cc m n cc dng, to thnh dng in.
- nhit cng cao th tnh dn in ca kim loi cng gim do:

c) Tnh dn nhit
- Cc electron trong vng nhit cao c ng nng ln, chuyn ng hn lon v nhanh chng sang
vng c nhit thp hn, truyn nng lng cho cc ion dng vng ny nn nhit lan truyn
c t vng ny n vng khc trong khi kim loi.
- Thng cc kim loi dn in tt cng dn nhit tt.
49
d) nh kim
- Cc electron t do trong tinh th kim loi phn x hu ht nhng tia sng nhn thy c, do kim
loi c v sng lp lnh gi l nh kim.
* Kt lun: Tnh cht vt l chung ca kim loi gy nn bi s c mt ca cc electron t do trong

mng tinh th kim loi.
- Khng nhng cc electron t do trong tinh th kim loi, m c im cu trc mng tinh th kim loi,
bn knh nguyn tcng nh hng n tnh cht vt l ca kim loi.
* Trng tm:
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II. TNH CHT HO HC
- Trong mt chu k: Bn knh nguyn t ca nguyn t kim loi > bn knh nguyn t ca nguyn t
phi kim.
- S electron ho tr t, lc lin kt vi ht nhn tng i yu nn chng d tch khi nguyn t d
cho e.
Tnh cht ho hc chung ca kim loi l tnh kh : M - ne Mn+
....................................................................
* Ch : dy hot ng ha hc ca kim loi:
...
...
1. Tc dng vi phi kim ( halogen, oxi, lu hunh...)

a) Tc dng vi clo:
b) Tc dng vi oxi:
c) Tc dng vi lu hunh:
Vi Hg xy ra nhit thng, cc kim loi cn un nng.
V d: Thu ngn d bay hi v rt c. Nu chng may nhit k thu ngn b v th dng cht no
trong cc cht sau kh c thu ngn ?
A. Bt st B. Bt lu hunh C. Bt than D. Nc
2. Tc dng vi dung dch axit
a) Dung dch HCl, H2SO4 long
50

b) Dung dch HNO3, H2SO4 c: Phn ng vi hu ht cc kim loi (tr Au, Pt)
Ch : Nhm, St, Crom b th ng trong HNO3 c ngui v H2SO4 c ngui

3. Tc dng vi dung dch mui: Kl mnh hn c th kh c ion ca kl yu hn trong dung dch
mui thnh kl t do.
V d: Dung dch FeSO4 c ln tp cht l CuSO4. Hy gii thiu phng php ho hc n gin c
th loi c tp cht. Gii thch vic lm v vit PTHH dng phn t v ion rt gn.
4. Tc dng vi nc:
- Cc kim loi c tnh kh mnh: kim loi nhm IA v IIA (tr Be, Mg) kh H2O d dng nhit
thng. ()
51

- Cc kim loi c tnh kh trung bnh ch kh nc nhit cao (Fe, Zn,). Cc kim loi cn li
khng kh c H2O.
5. Tc dng dd baz:

* Trng tm:
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..........................................................................................................................III Y IN HO
CA KIM LOI
1. Cp oxi ho kh ca kim loi

Dng oxi ho v dng kh ca cng mt nguyn t kim loi to nn cp oxi ho kh ca kim loi.
Th d:
2. So snh tnh cht ca cc cp oxi ho kh
Th d: So snh tnh cht ca hai cp oxi ho kh
Cu2+/Cu v Ag+/Ag.

Kt lun: Tnh kh: Cu > Ag
Tnh oxi ho: Ag+ > Cu2+
3. Dy in ho ca kim loi
K + Na+ Mg2+ Al 3+ Zn2+ Fe2+ Ni2+ Sn2+ Pb2+ H+ Cu2+ Ag+ Au3+
Tnh oxi hoacu
a ion kim loai ta
ng
K Na Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H2 Cu Ag Au
Tnh khcu
a kim loai gia
m

52
4. ngha dy in ho ca kim loi
* D on chiu ca phn ng oxi ho kh theo quy tc :
- Phn ng gia hai cp oxi ho kh s xy ra theo chiu cht oxi ho mnh hn s oxi ho cht kh
mnh hn, sinh ra cht oxi ho yu hn v cht kh yu hn.
Th d: Phn ng gia hai cp Fe2+/Fe v Cu2+/Cu xy ra theo chiu
Fe2+ Cu2+
Fe Cu
- Tng qut: Gi s c 2 cp oxi ho kh Xx+/X v Yy+/Y (cp Xx+/X ng trc cp Yy+/Y).
Xx+ Yy+
X Y
Phng trnh phn ng:

Yy+ + X Xx+ + Y
* V d:
- Hy cho bit v tr ca cp Mn2+/Mn trong dy in ho. Bit rng ion H+ oxi ho c Mn. Vit
phng trnh ion rt gn ca phn ng.
- C th d on c iu g xy ra khi nhng l Mn vo cc dung dch mui: AgNO3, MnSO4,
CuSO4. Nu c, hy vit phng trnh ion rt gn ca phn ng.
C. HP KIM
I KHI NIM:
Hp kim l vt liu kim loi c cha mt s kim loi c bn v mt s kim loi hoc phi kim khc.Th
d:
- Thp l hp kim ca Fe vi C v mt s nguyn t khc.
- uyra l hp kim ca nhm vi ng, mangan, magie, silic.
II TNH CHT
Tnh cht ca hp kim ph thuc vo thnh phn cc n cht tham gia cu to mng tinh th hp kim.
Tnh cht ho hc: Tng t tnh cht ca cc n cht tham gia vo hp kim.
Th d: Hp kim Cu-Al
- Tc dng vi dung dch NaOH:
- Tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c, nng:
- Tc dng vi HCl:
Tnh cht vt l, tnh cht c hc: Khc nhiu so vi tnh cht ca cc n cht.
53
Th d:
- Hp kim khng b n mn: Fe-Cr-Ni (thp inoc),
- Hp kim siu cng: W-Co, Co-Cr-W-Fe,
- Hp kim c nhit nng chy thp: Sn-Pb (thic hn, tnc = 2100C,)
- Hp kim nh, cng v bn: Al-Si, Al-Cu-Mn-Mg.
III NG DNG
- Nhng hp kim nh,bn chu c nhit cao v p sut cao dng ch to tn la, tu v tr,
my bay, t,
- Nhng hp kim c tnh bn ho hc v c hc cao dng ch to cc thit b trong ngnh du m
v cng nghip ho cht.
- Nhng hp kim khng g dng ch to cc dng c y t, dng c lm bp,
- Hp kim ca vng vi Ag, Cu (vng ty) p v cng dng ch to trang sc v trc y
mt s nc cn dng c tin
IV. THNG TIN B SUNG

1. V thnh phn ca mt s hp kim
- Thp khng g (gm Fe, C, Cr, Ni).
- uyra l hp kim ca nhm (gm 8% - 12%Cu), cng hn vng, dng c tin, lm trang
sc, ngi bt my,
- Hp kim Pb-Sn (gm 80%Pb v 20%Sn) cng hn Pb nhiu, dng c ch in.
- Hp kim ca Hg gi l hn hng.
- ng thau (gm Cu v Zn).
- ng thic (gm Cu, Zn v Sn).
- ng bch (gm Cu; 20-30%Ni v lng nh st v mangan)
2. V ng dng ca hp kim
- C nhng hp kim tr vi axit, baz v cc ho cht khc dng ch to cc my mc, thit b dng
trong nh my sn xut ho cht.
- C hp kim chu nhit cao, chu ma st mnh dng lm ng x trong ng c phn lc.
- C hp kim c nhit nng chy rt thp dng ch to dn ng cha chy t ng. Trong cc
kho hng ho, khi c chy, nhit tng lm hp kim nng chy v nc phun qua nhng l c hn
bng hp kim ny.
* Trng tm:
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D. IU CH KIM LOI
I NGUYN TC IU CH KIM LOI

Kh ion kim loi thnh nguyn t.
Mn+ + ne M
II PHNG PHP
1. Phng php nhit luyn
Dng cc cht kh mnh nh C, CO, H2 hoc cc kim loi hot ng Al... Kh ion kim loi trong
hp cht(thng l oxit) thnh kim loi nhit cao.
Phm vi p dng:
54
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* Th d:
Ch :
2. Phng php thu luyn: Dng kim loi mnh, y kim loi yu ra khi dd mui
Dng nhng dung dch thch hp nh: H2SO4, NaOH, NaCN, ho tan kim loi hoc cc hp
cht ca kim loi v tch ra khi phn khng tan c trong qung.
Sau kh nhng ion kim loi ny trong dung dch mui bng nhng kim loi c tnh kh mnh hnn
nh Fe, Zn
Th d:
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Phm vi p
dng: ....................................................................................................................................
3. Phng php in phn
a) in phn dung dch
* in phn dung dch mui ca kim loi.
* Phm vi p dng: iu ch cc kim loi c hot ng ho hc trung bnh hoc yu.
* Cc bc vit s ca qu trnh in phn:
K (-) CuCl2 A (+)
Cu2+, H2O (H2O) Cl-, H2O
Cu2+ +2e Cu 2Cl- Cl2+2e
pdd
CuCl2 Cu +Cl2
b) in phn hp cht nng chy

* Kh cc ion kim loi bng dng in bng cch in phn nng chy hp cht ca kim loi.
* Phm vi p dng: iu ch cc kim loi hot ng ho hc mnh nh K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al.
Th d 1: in phn Al2O3 nng chy iu ch Al.
K (-) Al2O3 A (+)
Al 3+ O2-
Al3+ +3e Al 2O2- O2 +4e
pnc
2Al2O3 4Al +3O2
Th d 2: in phn MgCl2 nng chy iu ch Mg.

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c) Tnh lng cht thu c cc in cc
AIt
nF
Da vo cng thc Faray: m = , trong :
m: ..
A: ..
n: .
I: ..........
55
t:
F:
V d : in phn(in cc tr) dung dch cha FeCl2 vi cng dng in 5A,trong 6 pht 20
giy.Tnh khi lng katot tng ln
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- Trnh by cch iu ch Ca t CaCO3
- T Cu(OH)2, MgO, Fe2O3 hy iu ch cc kim loi tng ng bng mt phng php thch hp.
Vit PTHH ca phn ng.
* Trng tm:
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G. S N MN KIM LOI
I KHI NIM:
L s oxi ho kim loi do tc dng ca cc cht trong mi trng xung quanh :
H qu: Kim loi b oxi ho thnh ion dng M Mn+ + ne
II CC DNG N MN(2dng chnh: n mn ha hc v n mn in ha)
1. n mn ho hc:
Th d:
- Thanh st trong nh my sn xut kh clo:.
- Cc thit b ca l t, cc chi tit ca ng c t trong:
n mn ho hc l : n mn ho hc l qu trnh oxi ho - kh, trong cc electron ca kim loi
c chuyn trc tip n cc cht trong mi trng.( do tc dng vi cc cht trong mi trng xung
quanh)
2. n mn in ho
a) Khi nim
Ch : Anot(m) ; catot (dng) ngc li vi thng in phn
n mn in ho l : qu trnh oxi ho - kh, trong kim loi b oxi ho do tc dng ca dung
dch cht in li v to nn dng electron chuyn di t cc m n cc dng.
- 3 iu kin cn v kim loi b n mn in ho :
+ Cc in cc khc cht
+ Cc in cc tip xc vi nhau
+ Cc in cc cng tip xc vi 1 dung dch cht in li(thng l axit, baz, mui..)
- V d:
- Ch :
III CHNG N MN KIM LOI

1. Phng php bo v b mt
56
Dng nhng cht bn vng vi mi trng ph mt ngoi nhng vt bng kim loi nh bi du
m, sn, m, trng men,
Th d: St ty l st c trng thic, tn l st c trng km. Cc vt lm bng st c m
niken hay crom.
2. Phng php in ho
* Ni kim loi cn bo v vi mt kim loi hot ng hn to thnh pin in ho v kim loi hot
ng hn s b n mn, kim loi kia c bo v.
Th d: Bo v v tu bin lm bng thp bng cch gn vo mt ngoi ca v tu (phn chm di
nc) nhng khi Zn, kt qu l Zn b nc bin n mn thay cho thp.
- Trong hai trng hp sau y, trng hp no v tu c bo v ? Gii thch.
+ V tu thp c ni vi thanh km.
+ V tu thp c ni vi thanh ng.
* V d: C nhng cp kim loi sau y cng tip xc vi dung dch cht in li: a) Al Fe; b) Cu
Fe; c) Fe Sn.Cho bit kim loi no trong mi cp b n mn in ho hc.
* Trng tm:
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* BI TP TRC NGHIM
L THUYT
Cu 1: Cng thc chung ca oxit kim loi thuc nhm IA l
A. R2O3. B. RO2. C. R2O. D. RO.
Cu 2: Cng thc chung ca oxit kim loi thuc nhm IIA l
A. R2O3. B. RO2. C. R2O. D. RO.
Cu 3: Cu hnh electron ca Na l:
A. 1s22s2 2p6 3s2. B. 1s22s2 2p6. C. 1s22s22p63s1. D. 1s22s22p6 3s23p1.
Cu 4: Nguyn t Fe c cu hnh e l
A. [Ar ] 3d6 4s2. B. [Ar ] 4s13d7. C. [Ar ] 3d7 4s1. D. [Ar ] 4s23d6.
Cu 5: Cu hnh e ca Cr l
A. [Ar ] 3d4 4s2. B. [Ar ] 4s23d4. C. [Ar ] 3d5 4s1. D. [Ar ] 4s13d5.
Cu 6: Cu hnh e ca Al l
A. 1s22s22p63s23p1. B. 1s22s22p63s3. C. 1s22s22p63s23p3. D. 1s22s22p63s23p2.
Cu 7: Cation M+ c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng 2s22p6 l
A. Rb+. B. Na+. C. Li+. D. K+.
Cu 8: Kim loi Ni phn ng c vi tt c cc mui trong dung dch dy no sau y ?
A. NaCl, AlCl3, ZnCl2 B. MgSO4, CuSO4, AgNO3
C. Pb(NO3)2 , AgNO3, NaCl D. AgNO3, CuSO4, Pb(NO3)2
Cu 9: Cho ba kim loi l Al, Fe, Cu v bn dung dch mui ring bit l ZnSO 4, AgNO3, CuCl2, MgSO4. Kim
loi no tc dng c vi c bn dung dch mui cho ?
A. Al. B. Fe. C. Cu. D. Khng kim loi no.
Cu 10: Cho Cu d tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 thu c dung dch X. Cho Fe d tc dng vi dung dch X
c dung dch Y. Dung dch Y cha
A Fe(NO3) 2. C. Fe(NO3) 2, Cu(NO3) 2 d.
B. Fe(NO3) 3. D. Fe(NO3) 3, Cu(NO3) 2 d.
Cu 11: Cho kh CO d i qua hn hp gm CuO, Al 2O3 v MgO (nung nng). Khi phn ng xy ra hon ton
thu c cht rn gm :
57
A. Cu, Al, Mg. B. Cu, Al, MgO. C. Cu, Al2O3 , Mg. D. Cu, Al2O3, MgO.
Cu 12: Nguyn t kim loi khi tham gia phn ng ho hc c tnh cht no sau y ?
A. Nhng electron v to thnh ion m. B. Nhng electron v to thnh ion dng.
C. Nhn electron tr thnh ion m. D. Nhn electron tr thnh ion dng.
Cu 13: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng l
A. Fe + Cu(NO3)2. B. Cu + AgNO3. C. Zn + Fe(NO3)2. D. Ag + Cu(NO3)2.
Cu 14: Trong qu trnh in phn, nhng ion m (anion) di chuyn v
A. anot, y chng b kh. B. anot, y chng b oxi ho.
C. catot, y chng b kh. D. catot, y chng b oxi ho.
Cu 15: Dy no sau y ch gm cc cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng c vi dung
dch AgNO3 ?
A. Zn, Cu, Mg B. Al, Fe, CuO C. Fe, Ni, Sn D. Hg, Na, Ca
Cu 16: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng ho hc l
A. Cu + dung dch FeCl3. B. Fe + dung dch HCl.
C. Fe + dung dch FeCl3. D. Cu + dung dch FeCl2.
Cu 17: Cho kim loi M tc dng vi Cl2 c mui X; cho kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch HCl c mui
Y. Nu cho kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch mui X ta cng c mui Y. Kim loi M c th l: A. Mg
B. Al C. Zn D. Fe
Cu 18: kh ion Fe trong dung dch thnh ion Fe2+ c th dng mt lng d
3+
A. Kim loi Mg B. Kim loi Ba C. Kim loi Cu D. Kim loi Ag

Cu 19: Dy gm cc kim loi u phn ng vi nc nhit thng to ra dung dch c mi trng kim
l: A. Na, Ba, K. B. Be, Na, Ca. C. Na, Fe, K. D. Na, Cr, K.
Cu 20: S ph hu kim loi hay hp kim do kim loi tc dng trc tip vi cc cht oxi ho trong mi trng
c gi l
A. s kh kim loi. B. s tc dng ca kim loi vi nc.
C. s n mn ho hc. D. s n mn in ho hc.
Cu 21: Phng php thch hp iu ch kim loi Mg t MgCl2 l
A. in phn dung dch MgCl2. B. in phn MgCl2 nng chy.
C. nhit phn MgCl2. D. dng K kh Mg2+ trong dung dch MgCl2.
2+
Cu 22: Bit rng ion Pb trong dung dch oxi ha c Sn. Khi nhng hai thanh kim loi Pb v Sn c ni
vi nhau bng dy dn in vo mt dung dch cht in li th
A. c Pb v Sn u b n mn in ho. B. c Pb v Sn u khng b n mn in ho.
C. ch c Pb b n mn in ho. D. ch c Sn b n mn in ho.
Cu 23: Cho cc cp kim loi nguyn cht tip xc trc tip vi nhau : Fe v Pb; Fe v Zn; Fe v Sn; Fe v Ni.
Khi nhng cc cp kim loi trn vo dung dch axit, s cp kim loi trong Fe b ph hy trc l : A. 4
B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
Cu 24: Khi lu trong khng kh m mt vt bng st ty (st trng thic) b sy st su ti lp st bn trong,
s xy ra qu trnh:
A. Sn b n mn in ha. B. Fe b n mn in ha.
C. Fe b n mn ha hc. D. Sn b n mn ha hc.
Cu 25: bo v v tu bin lm bng thp ngi ta thng gn vo v tu (phn ngm di nc) nhng
tm kim loi : A. Cu. B. Zn. C. Sn. D. Pb.
Cu 26: C 4 dung dch ring bit: a) HCl, b) CuCl2, c) FeCl3, d) HCl c ln CuCl2. Nhng vo mi dung dch
mt thanh Fe nguyn cht. S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l
A. 0. B. 1. C. 2. D. 3.
Cu 27: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn-Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi dung dch cht
in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l:
A. I, II v III. B. I, II v IV. C. I, III v IV. D. II, III v IV.
Cu 28: Khi iu ch kim loi, cc ion kim loi ng vai tr l cht
A. b kh. B. nhn proton. C. b oxi ho. D. cho proton.
Cu 29: loi b kim loi Cu ra khi hn hp bt gm Ag v Cu, ngi ta ngm hn hp kim loi trn vo
lng d dung dch
A. AgNO3. B. HNO3. C. Cu(NO3)2. D. Fe(NO3)2.
Cu 30: Hai kim loi c th iu ch bng phng php nhit luyn l
58
A. Ca v Fe. B. Mg v Zn. C. Na v Cu. D. Fe v Cu.
Cu 31: Phng trnh ho hc no sau y th hin cch iu ch Cu theo phng php thu luyn
A. Zn + CuSO4 Cu + ZnSO4 B. H2 + CuO Cu + H2O
C. CuCl2 Cu + Cl2 D. 2CuSO4 + 2H2O 2Cu + 2H2SO4 + O2
Cu 32: Cho kh CO d i qua hn hp gm CuO, Al 2O3, MgO (nung nng). Khi phn ng xy ra hon ton
thu c cht rn gm
A. Cu, Al, Mg.B. Cu, Al, MgO. C. Cu, Al2O3, Mg. D. Cu, Al2O3, MgO.
Cu 33: Cho lung kh H2 (d) qua hn hp cc oxit CuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, MgO nung nhit cao. Sau phn
ng hn hp rn cn li l:
A. Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO. B. Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg. C. Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO. D. Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO.
Cu 34: Khi in phn NaCl nng chy (in cc tr), ti catt xy ra
A. s kh ion Cl-. B. s oxi ho ion Cl-. C. s oxi ho ion Na+. D. s kh ion Na+.
Cu 35: Nhng tnh cht vt l chung ca kim loi (dn in, dn nhit, do, nh kim) gy nn ch yu bi
A. cu to mng tinh th ca kim loi. B. khi lng ring ca kim loi.
C. cc electron c thn trong tinh th kim loi D. cc electron t do trong tinh th kim loi.
Cu 36: Cho cu hnh electron : 1s22s22p6. Dy no sau y gm cc nguyn t v ion c cu hnh electron nh
trn ?
A. K+, Cl, Ar B. Li+, Br, Ne C. Na+, Cl, Ar D. Na+, F, Ne
Cu 37: Thu ngn d bay hi v rt c. Nu chng may nhit k thu ngn b v th dng cht no trong cc
cht sau kh c thu ngn ?
A. Bt st ; B. Bt lu hunh ; C. Bt than ; D. Nc.
Cu 38: Nhng mt l st nh vo dung dch cha mt trong nhng cht sau : FeCl 3, AlCl3, CuSO4, Pb(NO3)2,
NaCl, HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 (c, nng). S trng hp phn ng to mui Fe (II) l : A. 3 B. 4
C. 5 D. 6
Cu 39: Mt dy phi qun o gm mt on dy ng ni vi mt on dy thp. Hin tng no sau y xy
ra ch ni hai on dy khi lu ngy ?
A. St b n mn. B. ng b n mn.
C. St v ng u b n mn. D. St v ng u khng b n mn.
Cu 40: So vi nguyn t phi kim cng chu k, nguyn t kim loi
A. thng c bn knh nguyn t nh hn. B. thng c nng lng ion ho nh hn.
C. thng d nhn electron trong cc phn ng ho hc.
D. thng c s electron cc phn lp ngoi cng nhiu hn.
Cu 41: Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca nguyn t kim loi ?
A. 1s22s22p63s23p4 B. 1s22s22p63s23p5 C. 1s22s22p63s1 D. 1s22s22p6
Cu 42: Trong qu trnh in phn KBr nng chy, phn ng no xy ra anot?
A. Ion Br b kh B. Ion Br b oxi ho C. Ion K+ b oxi ho D. Ion K+ b kh
Cu 43: Cu no ng trong cc cu sau ? Trong n mn in ha hc, xy ra
A. s oxi ha cc dng C. s oxi ha cc dng v s kh cc m
B. s kh cc m D. s oxi ha cc m v s kh cc dng
Cu 44: Trong cc trng hp sau, trng hp kim loi b n mn in ho hc l
A. Kim loi Zn trong dung dch HCl B. Thp cacbon trong khng kh m
C. t dy Fe trong kh O2 D. Kim loi Cu trong dung dch HNO3 long
Cu 45: Dy cc ion kim loi no sau y u b Zn kh thnh kim loi ?
A. Cu2+, Mg2+, Pb2+ B. Cu2+, Ag+, Na+. C. Sn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ D. Pb2+, Ag+, Al3+.
Cu 46: Phn ng iu ch kim loi no di y thuc phng php nhit luyn?
A. C + ZnO Zn + CO B. Al2O3 2Al + 3/2O2
C. MgCl2 Mg + Cl2 D. Zn + 2Ag(CN)2- Zn(CN)42- + 2Ag
Cu 47: Kim loi no sau y c tnh dn in tt nht trong tt c cc kim loi ?
A. Vng B. Bc C. ng D. Nhm
Cu 48: Kim loi no sau y do nht trong tt c cc kim loi ?
A. Vng B. Bc C. ng D. Nhm
Cu 49: Kim loi no sau y c cng ln nht trong tt c cc kim loi ?
A. Vonfam B. Crom C. St D. ng
Cu 50: Kim loi no sau y l kim loi mm nht trong tt c cc kim loi ?
59
A. Liti B. Xesi C. Natri D. Kali
Cu 51: Kim loi c nhit nng chy cao nht trong tt c cc kim loi ?
A. Vonfam B. ng C. St D. Km
Cu 52: Kim loi no sau y nh nht (c khi lng ring nh nht) trong tt c cc kim loi
A. Liti B. Rubidi C. Natri D. Kali
Cu 53: inh st b n mn nhanh nht trong trng hp no sau y ?
A. Ngm trong dung dch HCl. B. Ngm trong dung dch HgSO4
C. Ngm trong dung dch H2SO4 long.
D. Ngm trong dung dch H2SO4 long c nh thm vi git dung dch CuSO4.
BI TP:
DNG 1: KIM LOI TC DNG VI PHI KIM
Cu 1. Bao nhiu gam clo tc dng va kim loi nhm to ra 26,7 gam AlCl3?
A. 21,3 gam B. 12,3 gam. C. 13,2 gam. D. 23,1 gam.
Cu 2. Cho m gam 3 kim loi Fe, Al, Cu vo mt bnh kn cha 0,9 mol oxi. Nung nng bnh 1 thi gian cho
n khi s mol O2 trong bnh ch cn 0,865 mol v cht rn trong bnh c khi lng 2,12 gam. Gi tr m
dng l: A. 1,2 gam. B. 0,2 gam. C. 0,1 gam. D. 1,0 gam.
Cu 3. t 1 lng nhm(Al) trong 6,72 lt O2. Cht rn thu c sau phn ng cho ho tan hon ton vo
dung dch HCl thy bay ra 6,72 lt H2 (cc th tch kh o kc). Khi lng nhm dng l: A. 8,1gam.
B. 16,2gam. C. 18,4gam. D. 24,3gam.
DNG 2: KIM LOI TC DNG VI DUNG DCH AXIT

Cu 1. Cho 10 gam hn hp cc kim loi Mg v Cu tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl long d thu c 3,733
lit H2(kc). Thnh phn % ca Mg trong hn hp l:
A. 50%. B. 35%. C. 20%. D. 40%.
Cu 2. Cho 4,05 gam Al tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 thu V lt N2O (kc) duy nht. Gi tr V l
A. 2,52 lt. B. 3,36 lt. C. 4,48 lt. D. 1,26 lt.
Cu 3. Hn hp X gm Fe v Cu, trong Cu chim 43,24% khi lng. Cho 14,8 gam X tc dng ht vi
dung dch HCl thy c V lt kh (ktc) bay ra. Gi tr ca V l
A. 1,12 lt. B. 3,36 lt. C. 2,24 lt. D. 4,48 lt.
Cu 4. Ho tan 6 gam hp kim Cu - Ag trong dung dch HNO 3 to ra c 14,68 gam hn hp mui Cu (NO 3)2
v AgNO3. Thnh phn % khi lng ca hp kim l bao nhiu?
A. 50% Cu v 50% Ag B. 64% Cu v 36% Ag
C. 36% Cu v 64% Ag D. 60% Cu v 40%Ag
Cu 5. Cho m gam hn hp X gm Al, Cu vo dung dch HCl (d), sau khi kt thc phn ng sinh ra 3,36 lt
kh ( ktc). Nu cho m gam hn hp X trn vo mt lng d axit nitric (c, ngui), sau khi kt thc phn
ng sinh ra 6,72 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca m l: A. 15,6. B. 10,5.
C. 11,5. D. 12,3.
Cu 6.Trong hp kim Al Mg, c c 9 mol Al th c 1 mol Mg. Thnh phn phn % khi lng ca hp kim l
A. 80% Al v 20% Mg. B. 81% Al v 19% Mg.
60
C. 91% Al v 9% Mg. D. 83% Al v 17% Mg.
Cu 7. Cho m gam Fe vo dung dch HNO3 ly d ta thu c 8,96 lit(kc) hn hp kh X gm 2 kh NO v

NO2 c t khi hi hn hp X so vi oxi bng 1,3125. Gi tr ca m l
Cu 8. Cho 60 gam hn hp Cu v CuO tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long d thu c 13,44 lit kh NO
(kc, sn phm kh duy nht). Phn % v khi lng ca Cu trong hn hp l:
A. 69%. B. 96%. C. 44% D. 56%.
Cu 9. Cho 8,3 gam hn hp Al v Fe tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d th thu c 45,5 gam mui
nitrat khan. Th tch kh NO (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) thot ra l:
A. 4,48 lt. B. 6,72 lt. C. 2,24 lt. D. 3,36 lt.
Cu 10. Cho 1,86 gam hn hp Al v Mg tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d th thu c 560 ml lt kh
N2O (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) bay ra. Khi lng mui nitrat to ra trong dung dch l: A. 40,5 gam.
B. 14,62 gam. C. 24,16 gam. D. 14,26 gam.
Cu 11. Cho a gam bt Al tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 long thu c dung dch A ch cha mt
mui duy nht v 0,1792 lt (ktc) hn hp kh NO, N2 c t khi hi so H2 l 14,25. Tnh a A. 0,459 gam.
B. 0,594 gam. C. 5,94 gam. D. 0,954 gam.
DNG 3 : XC NH CNG THC

Cu 1. Ho tan 2,52 gam mt kim loi bng dung dch H2SO4 long d, c cn dung dch thu c 6,84 gam
mui khan. Kim loi l: A. Mg. B. Al. C. Zn. D. Fe.
Cu 2. Ho tan ht m gam kim loi M bng dung dch H2SO4 long, ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu
c 5m gam mui khan. Kim loi M l:
A. Al. B. Mg. C. Zn. D. Fe.
Cu 3. Ngm mt l kim loi c khi lng 50 gam trong dung dch HCl. Sau khi thu c 336 ml kh H2
(ktc) th khi lng l kim loi gim 1,68%. Kim loi l
A. Zn. B. Fe. C. Ni. D. Al.
Cu 4. Ho tan hon ton 0,575 gam mt kim loi km vo nc. trung ho dung dch thu c cn 25
gam dung dch HCl 3,65%. Kim loi ho tan l:
A. Li. B. K. C. Na. D. Rb.
Cu 5. Cho 9,1 gam hn hp hai mui cacbonat trung ho ca 2 kim loi kim 2 chu k lin tip tan hon
ton trong dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt CO2(ktc). Hai kim loi l:
A. K v Cs. B. Na v K. C. Li v NA. D. Rb v Cs.
Cu 6. Ho tan 1,3 gam mt kim loi M trong 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,3M. trung ho lng axit d cn
200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Xc nh kim loi M?
A. Al. B. Fe. C. Zn. D. Mg.
61
Cu 7. Cho 19,2 gam kim loi (M) tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO3 long th thu c 4,48 lt kh NO
(ktc, sn phm kh duy nht). Kim loi (M) l:
A. Cu. B. Zn. C. Fe. D. Mg.
Cu 8. Ho tan hon ton 2 gam kim loi thuc nhm IIA vo dung dch HCl v sau c cn dung dch ngi
ta thu c 5,55 gam mui khan. Kim loi nhm IIA l:
A. Be. B. Ba. C. Ca. D. Mg.
Cu 9. Khi in phn mui clorua kim loi nng chy, ngi ta thu c 0,896 lt kh (ktc) anot v 3,12
gam kim loi catot. Cng thc mui clorua in phn l
A. NaCl. B. CaCl2. C. KCl. D. MgCl2.
DNG 4: KIM LOI TC DNG VI DUNG DCH MUI
Cu 1: Ngm m gam mt l Zn trong trong 150 ml dung dch CuSO 4 1M, phn ng xong thy khi lng l Zn
gim 5% so vi ban u. Gi tr m l
A. 9,75 gam. B. 9,6 gam. C. 8,775 gam D. 3,0 gam.
Cu 2. Ngm mt inh st sch trong 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 sau khi phn ng kt thc, ly inh st ra khi
dung dch ra nh lm kh nhn thy khi lng inh st tng thm 0,8 gam. Nng mol/lt ca dung dch
CuSO4 dng l:
A. 0,25M. B. 0,4M. C. 0,3M. D. 0,5M.
Cu 3: Ngm l km trong dung dch cha 0,1 mol CuSO4. Phn ng xong thy khi lng l km: A. tng 0,1
gam. B. tng 0,01 gam. C. gim 0,1 gam. D. khng thay i.
Cu 4. Nhng mt inh st c khi lng 8 gam vo 500ml dung dch CuSO4 2M. Sau mt thi gian ly inh
st ra cn li thy nng 8,8 gam. Nng mol/l ca CuSO4 trong dung dch sau phn ng l: A. 0,27M B.
1,36M C. 1,8M D. 2,3M
Cu 5: Ngm mt l Fe trong dung dch CuSO 4. Sau mt thi gian phn ng ly l Fe ra ra nh lm kh, em
cn thy khi lng tng thm 1,6 gam. Khi lng Cu bm trn l Fe l bao nhiu gam?A. 12,8 gam.
B. 8,2 gam. C. 6,4 gam. D. 9,6 gam.
Cu 6: Nhng 1 thanh nhm nng 50 gam vo 400ml dung dch CuSO 4 0,5M. Sau mt thi gian ly thanh
nhm ra cn nng 51,38 gam. Hi khi lng Cu thot ra l bao nhiu?
A. 0,64gam. B. 1,28gam. C. 1,92gam. D. 2,56gam.
DNG 5: NHIT LUYN

Cu 1: Kh hon ton 5,38 gam hn hp gm Al 2O3, FeO, MgO v CuO cn dng va 448 ml kh CO
(ktc). Khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng l :
A. 5,06. B. 9,54. C. 2,18. D. 4,50.
Cu 2: Dn t t V lt kh CO ( ktc) i qua mt ng s ng lng d hn hp rn gm CuO, Fe2O3 ( nhit

cao). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c kh X. Dn ton b kh X trn vo lng d dung
dch Ca(OH)2 th to thnh 4 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 1,120. B. 0,896. C. 0,448. D. 0,224.
62
Cu 3: Cho kh CO kh hon ton n Fe mt hn hp gm: FeO, Fe 2O3, Fe3O4 thy c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc)
thot ra. Th tch CO (ktc) tham gia phn ng l
A. 1,12 lt. B. 2,24 lt. C. 3,36 lt. D. 4,48 lt.
Cu 4: Thi mt lung kh CO i qua ng s ng m gam hn hp Fe 3O4 v CuO nung nng thu c 2,32
gam hn hp rn. Ton b kh thot ra cho hp th ht vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d thu c 5 gam
kt ta. Gi tr ca m l:A. 3,22. B. 3,12. C. 4,0. D. 4,2.
Cu 5: Cho dng kh CO d i qua hn hp (X) cha 31,9 gam gm Al 2O3, ZnO, FeO v CaO th thu c
28,7 gam hn hp cht rn (Y). Cho ton b hn hp cht rn (Y) tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c V lt
H2 (kc). Gi tr V l A. 5,60. B. 4,48. C. 6,72. D. 2,24.
Cu 6: Cho lung kh CO (d) i qua 9,1 gam hn hp gm CuO v Al 2O3 nung nng n khi phn ng hon
ton, thu c 8,3 gam cht rn. Khi lng CuO c trong hn hp ban u l
Cu 78: Khi cho dng in mt chiu I=2A qua dung dch CuCl 2 trong 10 pht. Khi lng ng thot ra
catod l
A. 40 gam. B. 0,4 gam. C. 0,2 gam. D. 4 gam.
63
CHNG 6
KIM LOI KIM, KIM LOI KIM TH V NHM
1 . KIM LOI KIM V HP CHT QUAN TRNG CA KIM LOI KIM
A. NI DUNG L THUYT
I. Kim loi kim:
1. V tr trong bng tun hon, cu hnh electron:
- Kim loi kim l cc nguyn t thuc nhm........gm:
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- Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng:. C . lp ngoi cng
2. Tnh cht vt l:
- Mu trng bc v c nh kim, do, dn in, nhit tt, nhit nng chy v nhit si thp, khi
lng ring nh, cng thp (mm c th dng dao ct).
- Nguyn nhn: Kim loi kim c cu trc mng tinh th lp phng tm khi, cu trc tng i
rng. Mt khc, trong tinh th cc nguyn t v ion lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt kim loi yu.
3. Tnh cht ha hc:
Cc nguyn t kim loi kim c nng lng ion ho nh, v vy kim loi kim c tnh kh rt mnh.
Tnh kh tng dn t Li Cs: M M+ + 1e
Trong cc hp cht, cc kim loi kim c s oxi ho :
a. Tc dng vi phi kim:
* Tc dng vi oxi
- Na chy trong khng kh kh to natri oxit:
..................................................................................................
- Na chy trong kh oxi kh to natri peoxit:
..................................................................................................
* Tc dng vi clo:
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b. Tc dng vi axit (HCl , H2SO4 long): to mui v H2

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c. Tc dng vi nc: to dung dch kim v H2
bo v kim loi kim ngi ta ngm kim loi kim trong .

4. ng dng, trng thi t nhin v iu ch.
a. ng dng:
- Dng ch to hp kim c nhit ngoi cng thp.
Th d: Hp kim Na-K nng chy nhit 700C dng lm cht trao i nhit trong cc l phn ng
ht nhn.
- Hp kim Li Al siu nh, c dng trong k thut hng khng.
64
- Cs c dng lm t bo quang in.
b. Trng thi thin nhin
Tn ti dng hp cht: NaCl (nc bin), mt s hp cht ca kim loi kim dng silicat v
aluminat c trong t.
c. iu ch:
* Nguyn tc: kh ion kim loi kim thnh nguyn t kim loi.
* Phng php: in phn nng chy mui halogen hoc hidroxit ca chng.
pnc

2RCl 2R + Cl2

pnc
4ROH 4R + 2H2O + O2
Th d: iu ch Na bng cch in phn nng chy NaCl v NaOH
pnc

PTP: 2NaCl 2Na + Cl2

pnc
4NaOH 4Na + 2H2O + O2
* Trng tm:
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B. TRC NGHIM
I. TRC NGHIM L THUYT
Cu 1: Cht phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH to kt ta l
A. KNO3. B. FeCl3. C. BaCl2. D. K2SO4.
Cu 2: Sn phm to thnh c cht kt ta khi dung dch Na2CO3 tc dng vi dung dch
A. KCl. B. KOH. C. NaNO3. D. CaCl2.
Cu 3: Khi nhit phn hon ton NaHCO3 th sn phm ca phn ng nhit phn l
A. NaOH, CO2, H2. B. Na2O, CO2, H2O.
C. Na2CO3, CO2, H2O. D. NaOH, CO2, H2O.
Cu 4. Nng % ca dung dch to thnh khi ho tan 39g kali kim loi vo 362g nc l kt qu no sau y
A. 15,47% B. 13,97% C. 14% D. 14,04%
Cu 5: Cho dy cc cht: FeCl2, CuSO4, BaCl2, KNO3. S cht trong dy phn ng c vi dung dch
NaOH:A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4.
Cu 6. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi kim l
A. ns1 B. ns2 C. ns2np1 D. (n 1)dxnsy
Cu 7: Qu trnh no sau y, ion Na+ khng b kh thnh Na?
A. in phn NaCl nng chy. B. in phn dung dch NaCl trong nc
C. in phn NaOH nng chy. D. in phn Na2O nng chy
Cu 8: in phn NaCl nng chy vi in cc tr, catt thu c
A. Na. B. NaOH. C. Cl2. D. HCl.
Cu 9: Cho mt ming Na vo dung dch CuCl2 t t n d hin tng quan st c
A. C kh thot ra B. C kt ta mu xanh
C. C kh thot ra v xut hin kt ta xanh
D. C kh thot ra v xut hin kt ta xanh v sau tan ra
Cu 10: iu ch kim loi kim ngi ta dung phng php :
A. thu luyn B. nhit luyn C. in phn dung dch D. in phn nng chy
Cu 11: Pht biu no sau y khng ng v kim loi kim:
A. Nhit nng chy v nhit si thp B. Khi lng ring nh
C. cng thp D. dn in cao
65
Cu 12: Kim loi kim c tnh kh mnh v
A. C 1 e lp ngoi cng B. C bn knh ln hn so vi nguyn t c cng chu k
C. C in tch ht nhn b so vi nguyn t cng chu k D. Tt c yu t trn
II. XC NH TN KIM LOI KIM
Cu 1: Cho 3,75gam hn hp 2 kim loi kim tan hon ton trong nc, thu c 2,8 lt kh H2 (ktc). Hai kim
loi kim l: A. Li, K B. Na, K C. Na, Cs D. K, Cs
Cu 2: Cho 1,15 gam mt kim loi kim X tan ht vo nc. trung ho dung dch thu c cn 50 gam
dung dch HCl 3,65%. X l kim loi no sau y?
A. K. B. Na. C. Cs. D. Li.
Cu 3: in phn mui MCl nng chy ngi ta thu c 0,896 lt (ktc) kh anot v 3,12 g M catot, M l:
A. Na B. K C. Rb D. Li
III. TNH THEO PHNG TRNH PHN NG
Cu 1: Cho 6,08 gam hn hp NaOH v KOH tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl to ra 8,30 gam hn hp mui
clorua. S gam mi hidroxit trong hn hp ln lt l:
A. 2,4 gam v 3,68 gam. B. 1,6 gam v 4,48 gam.
C. 3,2 gam v 2,88 gam. D. 0,8 gam v 5,28 gam.
Cu 2: Cho hn hp cc kim loi kim Na, K ha tan ht vo nc c dung dch A v 0,672 lt kh H 2 (ktc).
Th tch dung dch HCl 0,1M cn trung ha ht mt phn ba dung dch A l: A. 100 ml. B. 200
ml. C. 300 ml. D. 600 ml.
Cu 3: Cho 100 gam CaCO3 tc dng vi axit HCl d. Kh thot ra hp th bng 200 gam dung dch NaOH
30%. Lng mui Natri trong dung dch thu c l
A. 10,6 gam Na2CO3 B. 53 gam Na2CO3 v 42 gam NaHCO3
C. 16,8 gam NaHCO3 D. 79,5 gam Na2CO3 v 21 gam NaHCO3
Cu 4: Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo dung dch cha 8 gam NaOH, thu c dung dch X.
Khi lng mui tan c trong dung dch X l:
IV. BI TON HN HP
Cu 1: tc dng ht vi dung dch cha 0,01 mol KCl v 0,02 mol NaCl th th tch dung dch AgNO3 1M
cn dng l
A. 40 ml. B. 20 ml. C. 10 ml. D. 30 ml.
Cu 2: Ho tan m gam Na kim loi vo nc thu c dung dch X. Trung ho dung dch X cn 100ml dung
dch H2SO4 1M. Gi tr m dng l
Cu 3: Nng phn trm ca dung dch thu c khi cho 3,9 gam Kali tc dng vi 108,2 gam H2O l
A. 5,00% B. 6,00% C. 4,99%. D. 4,00%
Cu 4: Cho mu hp kim Na-Ba tc dng vi nc d, thu c dd X v 3,36 lit H 2 ktc. Th tch dd H 2SO4
2M cn dng trung ha dd X l :
A. 150ml B. 75ml C. 60ml D. 30ml
66
2 . KIM LOI KIM TH
HP CHT QUAN TRNG CA KIM LOI KIM TH
A. NI DUNG L THUYT
I. KIM LOI KIM TH
1. V tr cu hnh electron:
- Kim loi kim th thuc nhm IIA gm cc nguyn t sau:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................
- Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng: . C lp ngoi cng
2. Tnh cht vt l:
- Mu trng bc, c th dt mng.
- Nhit nng chy v nhit si ca cc kim loi kim th tuy c cao hn cc kim loi kim nhng
vn tng i thp.
- Khi lng ring nh, nh hn nhm (tr Ba). cng cao hn cc kim loi kim nhng vn tng
i mm.
3. Tnh cht ha hc:
- Cc nguyn t kim loi kim th c nng lng ion ho tng i nh, v vy kim loi kim th c
tnh kh mnh (yu hn kim loi kim). Tnh kh tng dn t Be n Ba: M M2+ + 2e
- Trong cc hp cht cc kim loi kim th c s oxi ho ...................
a. Tc dng vi phi kim
* Vi O2: .
* Vi Cl2: ...........................................................................
b. Tc dng vi axit
b.1) Vi HCl, H2SO4 long
b.2) Vi HNO3, H2SO4 c
Mg + HNO3 ............... + NH4NO3 + ..................
Mg + H2SO4 .................. + H2S + .....................
c. Tc dng vi nc:
- nhit thng Be khng kh c nc, Mg kh chm. Cc kim loi cn li kh mnh nc
gii phng kh H2.
4. iu ch:
dpnc
in phn nng chy mui Halogenua: MX2 M + X2

* Trng tm:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................
II. MT S HP CHT QUAN TRNG CA KIM LOI KIM TH (CANXI)
1. hiroxit
Ca(OH)2 cn gi l vi ti, l cht rn mu trng, t tan trong nc. Nc vi trong l dung dch
Ca(OH)2.
Hp th d dng kh CO2:
67
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 .........................................................
nhn bit kh CO2
ng dng rng ri trong nhiu ngnh cng nghip: sn xut NH3, Clorua vi CaOCl2, vt liu xy
dng,
2. Canxi cacbonat
Cht rn mu trng, khng tan trong nc, b phn hu nhit cao.
t0
CaCO3 CaO +CO2
B ho tan trong nc c ho tan kh CO2 , nhit thng

CaCO3 + CO
2+ H
2O Ca(HCO3)2
t0
3. Canxi sunfat
Trong t nhin, CaSO4 tn ti di dng mui ngm nc CaSO4.2H2O gi l thch cao sng.
Thch cao nung:
1600C
CaSO4.2H2O CaSO4.H2O +H2O
thach cao so
ng thach cao nung
Thch cao khan l CaSO4

3500C
CaSO4.2H2O CaSO4 +2H2O
thach cao so
ng thach cao khan
Thch cao sng: CaSO4 .2H2O

Thch cao nung nh la: CaSO4.H2O . Nn tng, c khun v b bt
Thch cao khan: CaSO4
* Trng tm:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................
III. NC CNG V CCH LM MM NC CNG
1. nh ngha:
- Nc c cha nhiu ion Ca2+, Mg2+ gi l nc cng
- Nc khng cha hoc cha t Ca2+, Mg2+ gi l nc mm
2. Phn loi:
- Tnh cng tm thi l nc cng ngoi ion Ca2+, Mg2+ cn c thm ion HCO3-.
VD: Ca(HCO3)2 v Mg(HCO3)2
Khi un si cc mui ny b phn hy tnh cng b mt

- Tnh cng vnh cu l nc cng ngoi ion Ca2+, Mg2+ cn c thm ion Cl- hoc SO42- .
VD: CaCl2, MgCl2, CaSO4, MgSO4
Khi un si cc mui ny khng b phn hy tnh khng b mt
- Tnh cng ton phn l nc cng ngoi ion Ca2+, Mg2+ cn c thm ng thi ion HCO3-, Cl- hoc
SO42- (Bao gm nc cng tm thi v nc cng vnh cu)
3. Tc hi
- Qun o git bng nc cng th x phng khng ra bt, tn x phng v lm o qun mau chng h
hng do nhng kt ta kh tan bm vo qun o.
- Pha tr bng nc cng s lm gim hng v ca tr. Nu n bng nc cng s lm thc phm lu
chn v gim mi v.
68
- un si nc cng lu ngy trong ni hi, ni s b ph mt lp cn. Lp cn dy 1mm lm tn thm
5% nhin liu, thm ch c th gy n.
- Cc ng dn nc cng lu ngy c th b ng cn, lm gim lu lng ca nc.
4. Lm mm nc cng:
a. Nguyn tc: Gim nng cc ion Ca2+ v Mg2+ trong nc cng, bng cch chuyn nhng ion t
do ny vo hp cht khng tan hoc thay th chng bng nhng cation khc
b. Phng php: 2 phng php
b.1: Phng php ho hc (..):
- Lm mm tnh cng tm thi:
+ un si: cc mui Ca(HCO3)2 v Mg(HCO3)2 b phn hu to ra mui cacbonat khng tan. Lc b
kt ta nc mm.
+ Dng Ca(OH)2 , Na2CO3 (hoc Na3PO4).
Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 .................................................................
Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2CO3 ..........................................................
Mg(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 ........................................................................
- Lm mm tnh cng vnh cu v ton phn: dng Na2CO3 hoc Na3PO4
Mg(HCO3)2 + Na2CO3 ..................................................
CaSO4 + Na2CO3 ............................................................
MgCl2 + Na3PO4
b.2: Phng php trao i ion:
Cho nc cng i qua cht trao i cation(cationit), cht ny s hp th ion Ca 2+, Mg2+ trong nc
cng v thay vo l cc cation Na+, H+ ta c nc mm.
5. Nhn bit ion Ca2+, Mg2+ trong dung dch
CO23
Thuc th: dung dch mui v kh CO2.
Hin tng: C kt ta, sau kt ta b ho tan tr li.
Phng trnh phn ng:
CO32
Ca +2+
CaCO3
CaCO3 + CO
2+ H
2O Ca(HCO3)2 (tan)
Ca2+ + 2HCO3-
CO32
Mg + 2+
MgCO3
MgCO3 + CO
2+ H
2O Mg(HCO3)2 (tan)
Mg2+ + 2HCO3-
* Trng tm:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
69
B. TRC NGHIM
Cu 1: Cho cu hnh electron ca nguyn t ca cc nguyn t sau :
X : 1s22s2 Y : 1s22s22p2 Z: 1s22s22p63s2 T: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2
G : 1s22s22p63s23p63d24s2 H: 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2
Cc nguyn t c xp vo nhm IIA bao gm :
A. X,Y,Z B. X,Z,T C. Z,T,G D. Z,T,H
Cu 2: nhit thng, kim loi no sau y khng phn ng c vi nc?
A. Ba B. Be C. Ca D. Sr

Cu 3: Cho s : Ca A B C D Ca
Cng thc ca A, B, C, D ln lt l
A.CaCl2, CaCO3, Ca(HCO3)2, CaSO4 B.Ca(NO3)2, CaCO3, Ca(HCO3)2, CaCl2
C. CaCl2, Ca(HCO3)2, CaCO3, Ca(OH)2 D. CaO, CaCO3, Ca(NO3)2 , CaCl2
Cu 4: Dung dch c pH > 7 l:
A. NaCl B. Ca(OH)2 C. Al(OH)3 D. AlCl3
Cu 5: Dn kh CO2 t t n d vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, hin tng ho hc xy ra l
A. c kt ta trng, kt ta khng tan trong CO2 d.
B. c kt ta trng, kt ta tan trong CO2 d. C. khng c kt ta.
D. khng c hin tng g xy ra.
Cu 6: iu ch Ca(OH)2 ngi ta c th dng phng php sau. Chn phng php ng.
1) nung thch cao, sau cho sn phm rn tc dng vi nc.
2) nung vi, sau cho sn phm rn tc dng vi nc.
3) cho dung dch CaCl2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH.
4) cho CaO tc dng vi nc .
A. Ch c 1,4 B. Ch c 1,2 C.Ch c 2,4 D. Ch c 3,4
Cu 7: Dn V lt CO2(kc) vo 300ml dd Ca(OH)2 0,5 M. Sau phn ng thu c 10g kt ta. Vy V bng:A.
2,24 lt B. 3,36 lt C. 4,48 lt D. C A, C u ng.
Cu 8: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch cha 0,35 mol Ca(OH)2 s thu c kt ta c
khi lng l:
A. 35 gam B. 17,5 gam C. 20 gam D. 2,5 gam
Cu 9: Phn ng no sau y gii thch s to thnh thch nh trong hang ng

A. CaCO3 CaO + CO2 B. Ca(OH)2 + 2CO2 Ca(HCO3)2.

C. Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O. D. CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2.
Cu 10: CaCO3 tc dng c vi tt c cc cht trong nhm no sau y ?
A. CH3COOH ; MgCl2 ; H2O + CO2 B. CH3COOH ; HCl ; H2O + CO2
C. H2SO4 ; Ba(OH)2 ; CO2 + H2O D. NaOH ; Ca(OH)2 ; HCl ; CO2
Cu 11: Phn ng no sau y khng xy ra?
A. CaSO4 + Na2CO3 B. Ca(OH)2 + MgCl2 C. CaCO3 + Na2SO4 D. CaSO4 + BaCl2
Cu 12: Nhit phn hon ton 2,84 g hn hp X gm 2 mui MgCO3 v CaCO3. Dn ton b kh sinh ra qua
dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 3,0 g kt ta. Thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca MgCO3 v CaCO3
trong hn hp X ln lt l:
A. 29,58% v 70,42% B. 35,21% v 64,79% C. 70,42% v 29,58% D. 64,79% v 35,21%
Cu 13: Cho a gam hn hp MgCO3 v CaCO3 tc dng ht vi V lt dung dch HCl 0,4M thy gii phng 4,48
lt CO2 (ktc), dn kh thu c vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Khi lng kt ta thu c l: A. 10 g
B. 15 g C. 20 g D. 25 g
Cu 14: Loi thch cao no dng c tng?
70
A. Thch cao sng CaSO4.2H2O B. Thch cao khan CaSO4
C. Thch cao nung 2CaSO4.H2O D. A, B, C u ng.
Cu 15: Nc cng tm thi cha
A. ion HCO3-. B. ion Cl-. C. ion SO42-. D. tt c u ng.
Cu 16: C 3 mu nc c cha cc ion sau:
HCO3 SO24 SO24 HCO3 HCO3
(1) Na+, Cl, , ; (2) K+, , Mg2+, ; (3) Ca2+, , Cl
Mu nc cng l: A. (1), (2) B. (1), (3) C. (2), (3) D. (1), (2), (3)
Cu 17: Nguyn tc lm mm nc cng l lm gim nng ca
A. ion Ca2+ v Mg2+. B. ion HCO3-. C. ion Cl- v SO42-. D. tt c u ng.
Cu 18: Phng php lm mm nc cng tm thi l
A. dng nhit . B. dng Ca(OH)2 va . C. dng Na2CO3. D. tt c u ng.
Cu 19: Dy gm cc cht u c th lm mm c nc cng vnh cu l
A. Ca(OH)2 , Na2CO3, NaNO3 B. Na2CO3, Na3PO4 C. Na2CO3, HCl D. Na2SO4 , Na2CO3
Cu 20: Cho dung dch Ca(OH)2 vo dung dch Ca(HCO3)2 s
A. C kt ta trng. B. c bt kh thot ra.
C. c kt ta trng v bt kh. D. khng c hin tng g.
3. NHM V HP CHT CA NHM
A. NI DUNG L THUYT:
I. Nhm:
1./ V tr cu hnh electron:
Nhm IIIA , chu k 3 , th 13.
Cu hnh electron: Al (Z=13): . hay
D nhng c 3 electron ho tr nn c s oxi ho +3 trong cc hp cht.
Al3+:
2. Tnh cht vt l:
- Mu trng bc, tnc = 6600C, kh mm, d ko si, d dt mng.
- L kim loi nh (d = 2,7g/cm3), dn in tt v dn nhit tt.
3. Tnh cht ha hc:
C tnh kh mnh (yu hn kim loi kim, kim th)
Al --> Al3+ + 3e
a./ Tc dng vi phi kim:
* Nhm t bc chy trong kh
clo ...............................................................................................................................................
* t bt nhm, nhm chy sng chi v ta nhiu
nhit: ...............................................................................................................................................
Al bn trong khng kh nhit thng do c lp mng oxit Al2O3 rt mng bo v.
b. Tc dng vi axit:
* Vi axit HCl , H2SO4 long:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
* Vi axit HNO3 , H2SO4 c:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
Ch : Al khng tc dng vi HNO3 c ngui v H2SO4 c ngui
c. Tc dng vi oxit kim loi:
o
t
Th d: 2Al + Fe2O3 Al2O3 + 2Fe
Phn ng nhit nhm
d. Tc dng vi nc:
71
- Nhm khng tc dng vi nc d nhit cao v trn b mt ca Al ph kin mt lp Al2O3 rt
mng, bn v mn khng cho nc v kh thm qua.
- Ph b lp oxit trn b mt Al, th Al s phn ng vi nc nit thng
.
e. Tc dng vi dung dch kim:
- Trc ht, lp bo v Al2O3 b ho tan trong dung dch kim:
Al2O3 + 2NaOH ......................................... (1)
- Al kh nc:
2Al + 6H2O ................................................... (2)
- Al(OH)3 b ho tan trong dung dch kim
Al(OH)3 + NaOH .............................................. (3)
Cc phn ng (2) v (3) xy ra xen k nhau cho n kh nhm b ho tan ht.
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
2./ Sn xut nhm:
a. nguyn liu: qung boxit (Al2O3.2H2O)
b. Phng php: in phn nhm oxit nng chy
pnc

Th d: 2Al2O3 4Al + 3O2
3. ng dng v trng thi t nhin
a. ng dng
- Dng lm vt liu ch to t, my bay, tn la, tu v tr.
- Dng trong xy dng nh ca, trang tr ni tht.
- Dng lm dy dn in, dng lm dng c nh bp.
- Hn hp tecmit (Al + FexOy) thc hin phn ng nhit nhm dng hn ng ray.
b. Trng thi thin nhin
t st (Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O), mica (K2O.Al2O3.6SiO2), boxit (Al2O3.2H2O), criolit (3NaF.AlF3),...
II. Mt s hp cht ca nhm
1./ Nhm oxit Al2O3:
- Al2O3 l oxit lng tnh
- Tc dng vi axit: Al2O3 + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
- Tc dng vi dung dch kim: Al2O3 + 2NaOH ---> 2NaAlO2 + H2O
2./ Nhm hidroxit Al(OH)3:
- Al(OH)3 l hidroxit lng tnh.
- Tc dng vi axit: Al(OH)3 + 3HCl ---> AlCl3 + 3H2O
- Tc dng vi dung dch kim: Al(OH)3 + NaOH ---> NaAlO2 + 2H2O
iu ch Al(OH)3:
AlCl3 + 3NH3 + 3H2O ---> Al(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl
Hay: AlCl3 + 3NaOH ---> Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
3./ Nhm sunfat:
Quan trng l phn chua, cng thc: K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O hay KAl(SO4)2.12H2O
4./ Cch nhn bit ion Al3+ trong dung dch:
+ Thuc th: dung dch NaOH d
+ Hin tng: kt ta keo trng xut hin sau tan trong NaOH d.
* Trng tm:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
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.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.........
72
TRC NGHIM TNG HP
Cu 1. Nguyn t ca cc kim loi trong trong nhm IA khc nhau v
A. s electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t B. cu hnh electron nguyn t
C. s oxi ho ca nguyn t trong hp cht D. kiu mng tinh th ca n cht
Cu 2. Nhng nguyn t nhm IA ca bng tun hon c sp xp t trn xung di theo th t tng dn
ca:
A. in tch ht nhn nguyn t B. khi lng ring
C. nhit si D. s oxi ho
Cu 3. Cho 3,9g K tc dng vi H2O thu c 100ml dung dch. Nng mol ca dung dch KOH thu c l:
A. 0,1M B. 0,5M C. 1M D. 0,75M
Cu 4. Ch dng thm thuc th no di y c th nhn bit c 3 l mt nhn cha cc dung dch: H 2SO4,
BaCl2, Na2SO4 ?
A. Qu tm B. Bt km C. Na2CO3 D. Qu tm hoc bt Zn hoc Na2CO3
Cu 5. Cho 0,1 mol hn hp Na2CO3 v KHCO3 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl. Dn kh thot ra vo dung
dch Ca(OH)2 d th khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 8g B. 9g C. 10g D. 11g
Cu 6. 1,24g Na2O tc dng vi nc, c 100ml dung dch. Nng mol ca cht trong dung dch A.
0,04M B. 0,02M C. 0,4M D. 0,2M
Cu 7. Canxi cacbonat (CaCO3) phn ng c vi dung dch

A. KNO3. B. HCl. C. NaNO3. D. KCl.
Cu 8. Trong t nhin, canxi sunfat tn ti di dng mui ngm nc (CaSO4.2H2O) c gi l: A. thch
cao khan. B. thch cao sng. C. vi. D. thch cao nung.
Cu 9. Cht c kh nng lm mm nc c tnh cng ton phn l
A. Ca(NO3)2. B. NaCl. C. Na2CO3. D. CaCl2.
Cu 10. So vi nguyn t canxi, nguyn t kali c
A. bn knh ln hn v m in ln hn B. bn knh ln hn v m in nh hn
C. bn knh nh hn v m in nh hn D. bn knh nh hn v m in ln hn
Cu 11. Cu no sau y din t ng tnh cht ca cc kim loi kim th ?
A. Tnh kh ca kim loi tng theo chiu tng ca nng lng ion ho
B. Tnh kh ca kim loi tng theo chiu gim ca nng lng ion ho
C. Tnh kh ca kim loi tng theo chiu tng ca th in cc chun
D. Tnh kh ca kim loi tng theo chiu tng ca m in
Cu 12. Nc t nhin c cha nhng ion no di y th c gi l nc cng c tnh cng tm thi?
A. Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl- B. Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42- C. Cl-, SO42-, HCO3-, Ca2+ D. HCO3-, Ca2+, Mg2+
Cu 13. Mt loi nc cng khi c un si th mt tnh cng. Trong loi nc cng ny c ho tan nhng
hp cht no sau y ?
A. Ca(HCO3)2, MgCl2 B. Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2 C. Mg(HCO3)2, CaCl2 D. MgCl2, CaSO4
Cu 14. Xp cc kim loi kim th theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn, th
A. bn knh nguyn t gim dn B. nng lng ion ho gim dn
C. tnh kh gim dn D. kh nng tc dng vi nc gim dn
Cu 15. Trong mt cc nc c cha 0,01 mol Na +; 0,02 mol Ca2+; 0,01 mol Mg2+; 0,05 mol HCO3-; 0,02 mol
Cl-. Nc trong cc thuc loi no ?
A. Nc cng c tnh cng tm thi B. Nc cng c tnh cng vnh cu
C. Nc cng c tnh cng ton phn D. Nc mm
Cu 16. Trong nc t nhin thng c ln mt lng nh cc mui Ca(NO 3)2, Mg(NO3)2, Ca(HCO3)2,
Mg(HCO3)2. C th dng dung dch no sau y loi ng thi cc cation trong cc mui trn ra khi nc ?
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Dung dch K2SO4
C. Dung dch Na2CO3 D. Dung dch NaNO3
Cu 17. Sc 6,72 lt CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch cha 0,25 mol Ca(OH) 2. Khi lng kt ta thu c l : A.
10gam B. 15 gam C. 20 gam D. 25 gam
73
Cu 18. Cho 1,67 gam hn hp gm hai kim loi 2 chu k lin tip thuc nhm IIA tc dng ht vi dung
dch HCl (d), thot ra 0,672 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Hai kim loi l
A. Be v Mg. B. Mg v Ca. C. Sr v Ba. D. Ca v Sr.
Cu 19. Qung boxit l nguyn liu dng iu ch kim loi

A. ng. B. nhm. C. ch. D. natri.
Cu 20. C 3 cht rn: Mg, Al, Al2O3 ng trong 3 l mt nhn. Ch dng mt thuc th no sau y c th
nhn bit c mi cht ?
A. Dung dch HCl B. Dung dch H2SO4 C. Dung dch CuSO4 D. Dung dch NaOH
Cu 21. Dy no di y gm cc cht va tc dng vi dung dch axit va tc dng vi dung dch kim?
A. AlCl3 v Al2(SO4)3 B. Al(NO3)3 v Al(OH)3
C. Al2(SO4)3 v Al2O3 D. Al(OH)3 v Al2O3
Cu 22. Pht biu no di y l ng ?
A. Nhm l kim loi lng tnh B. Al(OH)3 l baz lng tnh
C. Al2O3 l oxit trung tnh D. Al(OH)3 l mt hiroxit lng tnh
Cu 23. C 4 mu kim loi l Na, Al, Ca, Fe. Ch dng nc lm thuc th th s kim loi c th phn bit
c ti a l bao nhiu ?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 24. Cho 7,8g hn hp Mg v Al tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng thy khi lng dung
dch tng thm 7g. S mol HCl tham gia phn ng l
A. 0,8 mol B. 0,7 mol C. 0,6 mol D. 0,5 mol
Cu 25. in phn Al2O3 nng chy vi dng in cng 9,65A trong thi gian 3000 giy, thu c 2,16g
Al. Hiu sut ca qu trnh in phn l
A. 60% B. 70% C. 80% D. 90%
Cu 26. phn bit dung dch AlCl3 v dung dch MgCl2, ngi ta dng lng d dung dch
A. K2SO4. B. KOH. C. KNO3. D. KCl.
Cu 27. Cho 31,2g hn hp bt Al v Al2O3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 13,44 lt H2 (ktc).
Khi lng tng cht trong hn hp ban u ln lt l
A. 16,2g v 15g B. 10,8g v 20,4g C. 6,4g v 24,8g D. 11,2g v 20g
74
CHNG 7: ST V MT S KIM LOI QUAN TRNG KHC
ST
I) V tr trong HTTH:
- Chu k 4, nhm VIIIB
Fe
- Nguyn t st d dng nhng 2e- phn lp 4s:
- Nhng thm 1e- phn lp 3d : .
- Fe3+ bn hn Fe2+:

II) Tnh cht vt l:
- L kim loi mu trng hi xm,
- C khi lng ring ln (d = 8,9 g/cm3),
- Nng chy 15400C.
- St c tnh dn in, dn nhit tt v c tnh nhim t.
III) Tnh cht ho hc:
C tnh kh trung bnh.
Vi cht oxi ho yu: Fe Fe2+ + 2e
Vi cht oxi ho mnh: Fe Fe3+ + 3e
a) Tc dng vi phi kim: O2, Cl2, S ( nhit cao)
....Fe + ...O2 .............................................
....Fe + ...Cl2 ...................................
....Fe + .....S ...................................
b) Tc dng vi axit:
Vi HCl hoc H2SO4 long: to mui Fe (II) v gii phng kh hidro
Fe + HCl ................................................................................
Fe + H2SO4 long ................................................................................
Vi HNO3 hoc H2SO4 c: to mui Fe (III) + sn phm kh tng ng v H2O
Fe + HNO3(,n) .............................................................................................................
Fe + H2SO4 c nng .
Fe khng tc dng vi HNO3 c ngui v H2SO4 c ngui
c)Tc dng vi dd mui: to mui st II
Fe kh c ion kim loi ng sau n trong dy in ho(kim loi mnh y kim loi yu ra khi dung
dch mui
* Dy in ha ca kim loi

* V d :
Fe + CuSO4
Fe + MgCl2
Fe + AgCl
Ch : Trong khng kh m Fe b oxi ho thnh g st
4Fe + 6H2O + 3O2 4Fe(OH)3
IV) Cc loi qung cha Fe quan trng:
Hematit : Fe2O3 khan dng lm nguyn liu sn xut gang thp
Hematit nu: Fe2O3.nH2O
75
Manhetit: Fe3O4 (him c trong t nhin)
Xiderit: FeCO3
Pirits: FeS2
* Hm lng st cha trong cc loi qung:

Trng tm:
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BI 32: HP CHT CA ST
I) Hp cht Fe (II):
* Tnh cht ha hc c trng ca hp cht st II l g ?v sao?

1) St (II) hidroxit: Fe(OH)2 l cht rn mu trng hi xanh
- L mt baz:
Fe(OH)2 + HCl ...................................................................................
- L cht kh:
Fe(OH)2 + HNO3(c) ............................................................................
- B oxh trong khng kh nhit thng:
Fe(OH)2 b O2 trong khng kh oxi ho thnh Fe(OH)3
......Fe(OH)2 + .....O2 + .......H2O .......Fe(OH)3
Lc nht nu
- iu ch: Fe + 2OH Fe(OH)2
2+ -
...........................................................................................................................................2) St (II) oxit:

FeO l cht rn,mu en,khng c trong t nhin
- L oxit baz:
FeO + HCl ....................................................................................
- L cht kh:
FeO + H2SO4 .
FeO + HNO3 (long) .
- L cht oxi ha:
FeO + CO ..................................................................................................
- iu ch:
+ Nhit phn hidroxit st tng ng: .........................................................................................
+ Dng kh CO hoc H2 kh oxit st III 5000C:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
3) Mui st (II):a s tan trong nc,kt tinh dng ngm nc.
-L cht oxi ho: .......................................
Zn + FeCl2 .....................................
-L cht kh: ................................................
76
FeCl2 + Cl2 .................................
- iu ch: cho oxit hoc hidroxit st II tc dng vi axit khng c tnh oxh.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
Ch : mui st II iu ch c phi dng ngay, lu trong khng kh d b oxh chuyn thnh mui
st III
II) Hp cht Fe (III):
* Tnh cht ha hc c trng ca hp cht st III l g ?v sao?
1) St (III) hidroxit: Fe(OH)3 l cht rn mu nu,khng tan trong nc

- L mt baz khng tan:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................
- iu ch:
Fe3+ + 3OH- Fe(OH)3
2) St (III) oxit: Fe2O3 cht rn mu nu,khng tan trong nc
- L oxit baz:
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................
- L cht oxi ho: b kh bi CO v H2 nhit cao
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
- iu ch: .....Fe(OH)3 ...........................................................................................
3) Mui st (III): a s tan trong nc,kt tinh dng ngm nc
to
- L cht oxi ho:
Fe + FeCl3 ................................................................................
Cu + FeCl3 ...................................................................................
III) Oxit st t: Fe3O4 (FeO.Fe2O3)
- L oxit baz: Fe3O4 + HCl ....................................................................................
- L cht kh: Fe3O4 + ....HNO3(long) ........................................................................
- L cht oxi ho: Fe3O4 +.... CO .............................................................................
* Trng tm:
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.........
BI 33: HP KIM CA ST
I GANG
1. Khi nim: Gang l hp kim ca st v cacbon trong c t 2 5% khi lng cacbon, ngoi ra
cn c mt lng nh cc nguyn t Si, Mn, S,
2. Phn loi: C 2 loi gang
a) Gang xm: Cha cacbon dng than ch. Gang xm c dng c b my, ng dn nc, cnh
ca,
b) Gang trng
77
- Gang trng cha t cacbon hn v ch yu dng xementit (Fe3C).
- Gang trng (c mu sng hn gang xm) c dng luyn thp.
3. Sn xut gang
a) Nguyn tc: Kh qung st oxit bng than cc trong l cao.
b) Nguyn liu: Qung st oxit (thng l hematit Fe2O3), than cc v cht chy (CaCO3 hoc
SiO2).
c) Cc phn ng ho hc xy ra trong qu trnh luyn qung thnh gang
Phn ng to cht kh CO (t chy than)
t0
C +O2 CO2
t0
CO2 +C 2CO
Phn ng kh oxit st
- Phn trn thn l (4000C)
t0
3Fe2O3 +CO 2
2Fe3O4 + CO
- Phn gia thn l (500 6000C)

t0
Fe3O4 +CO 2
3FeO + CO
- Phn di thn l (700 8000C)

t0
FeO +CO 2
Fe + CO
Phn ng to x (10000C)

CaCO3 CaO + CO2

CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3
II THP
1. Khi nim: Thp l hp kim ca st cha t 0,01 2% khi lng cacbon cng vi mt s nguyn
t khc (Si, Mn, Cr, Ni,)
2. Phn loi
a) Thp thng (thp cacbon)
- Thp mm: Cha khng qu 0,1%C. Thp mm d gia cng, c dng kp si,, cn thnh thp
l dng ch to cc vt dng trong i sng v xy dng nh ca.
- Thp cng: Cha trn 0,9%C, c dng ch to cc cng c, cc chi tit my nh cc vng bi,
v xe bc thp,
b) Thp c bit: a thm vo mt s nguyn t lm cho thp c nhng tnh cht c bit.
- Thp cha 13% Mn rt cng, c dng lm my nghin .
- Thp cha khong 20% Cr v 10% Ni rt cng v khng g, c dng lm dng c gia nh (tha,
dao,), dng c y t.
- Thp cha khong 18% W v 5% Cr rt cng, c dng ch to my ct, gt nh my phay, my
nghin ,
3. Sn xut thp
a) Nguyn tc: Gim hm lng cc tp cht C, Si, S, Mn,c trong thnh phn gang bng cch oxi
ho cc tp cht thnh oxit ri bin thnh x v tch khi thp.
b) Cc phng php luyn gang thnh thp
Phng php Bet-x-me
Phng php Mac-tanh
Phng php l in
* Trng tm:
78
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.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.........
79
BI 34: CROM V HP CHT CROM
I) Crom
1. V tr trong trong bng tun hon: 24, nhm VIB.
- Cu hnh electron:

2. Tnh cht vt l:
- Crom l kim loi mu trng bc, c khi lng ring ln (d = 7,2g/cm3), t0nc = 18900C.
- L kim loi cng nht, c th rch c thu tinh.
3. Tnh cht ha hc: (l kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn st)

- Trong cc hp cht crom c s oxi ho t +1 +6 (hay gp +2, +3 v +6).
a. Tc dng vi phi kim : ( S, O, Cl) nhit cao hp cht crom III
+ Cr + O2 ......................................................................
+ Cr + Cl2 ......................................................................
+ Cr + S ......................................................................
b.Vi axit: HCl v H2SO4 long crom II;
Cr th ng trong H2SO4 c, ngui , HNO3 c, ngui.

Cr + HCl

Cr + H2SO4
Lu : Al, Cr, Fe, Au, Pt khng tc dng vi H2SO4 c ngui; HNO3 c, ngui.
c. Tc dng vi nc
Cr bn vi nc v khng kh do c lp mng oxit rt mng, bn bo v m crom ln st bo v
st v dng Cr ch to thp khng g.
d. Tc dng vi dung dch mui
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................
II) Hp cht ca crom
1. Hp cht crom (III)
a) Crom (III) oxit Cr2O3
Cr2O3 l cht rn, mu lc thm, khng tan trong nc.
Cr2O3 l oxit lng tnh

Cr2O3 + NaOH (c) .........................................................................................

Cr2O3 + HCl
b) Crom (III) hiroxit Cr(OH)3
Cr(OH)3 l cht rn, mu lc xm, khng tan trong nc.
Cr(OH)3 l mt hiroxit lng tnh

Cr(OH)3 + NaOH .................................................................................................

Cr(OH)3+ HCl .................................................................................................
Tnh kh v tnh oxi ho: Do c s oxi ho trung gian nn trong dung dch va c tnh oxi ho (mi
trng axit) va c tnh kh (trong mi trng baz)

CrCl3 + Zn .....................................................................................................

2Cr3+ + Zn 2Cr2+ + Zn2+

2NaCrO2 + 3Br2 + 8NaOH 2Na2CrO4 + 6NaBr + 4H2O
2CrO2 2
2CrO4
-
+ 3Br2 + 8OH + 6Br- + 4H2O
80
2. Hp cht crom (VI)
a) Crom (VI) oxit CrO3
CrO3 l cht rn mu thm.
L mt oxit axit

CrO3 + H2O H2CrO4 (axit cromic)

2CrO3 + H2O H2Cr2O7 (axit icromic)
C tnh oxi ho mnh:
Mt s cht hu c v v c (S, P, C, C2H5OH) bc chy khi tip xc vi CrO3.
b) Mui crom (VI)
L nhng hp cht bn.
CrO24
- Na2CrO4 v K2CrO4 c mu vng (mu ca ion )
Cr2O27
- Na2Cr2O7 v K2Cr2O7 c mu da cam (mu ca ion )
Cc mui cromat v icromat c tnh oxi ho mnh.
Cr2O27 CrO24
Trong dung dch ca ion lun c c ion trng thi cn bng vi nhau:
2 2
4 7
Cn bng chuyn ho gia hai dng CrO v Cr2O .

Cr 2 O72 H 2O 2CrO42 2 H
(mu da cam) (mu vng)

2 2
4 7
+ Khi thm axit vo: mui cromat CrO (mu vng) s to thnh mui icromat Cr2O (mu da
cam)
2 2
7 4
+ Khi thm baz vo: mui icromat Cr2O (mu da cam) s to thnh mui cromat CrO (mu
vng)
* Trng tm:
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CU HI TRC NGHIM L THUYT
Cu 1Chn p n ng
A. St c 8 electron lp ngoi cng B. St c 2 electron ha tr
C. St l nguyn t p D. S oxi ha ca st trong cc hp cht thng gp l +2 v +3
Cu 2Nhn xt no khng ng khi ni v Fe ?
A. Fe tan c trong dung dch CuSO4 B. Fe tan c trong dung dch FeCl3
C. Fe tan c trong dung dch FeCl2 D. Fe tan c trong dung dch AgNO3
Cu 3Khng nh no sau y sai:
A. St c kh nng tan trong dd FeCl3 d B. St c kh nng tan trong dd CuCl2 d
C. ng c kh nng tan trong dd FeCl2 d D. ng c kh nng tan trong dd FeCl3 d
(1) ( 2) ( 3)
Cu 4Cho chui phn ng sau: Fe FeCl2 Fe Fe(NO3)3
(1) Fe + Cl2 FeCl2; (2) FeCl2 + Mg Fe + MgCl2;
81

(3) Fe + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
Phn ng no sai? A. (1) B. (2) C. (1) v (2) D. (1) v (3)
Cu 5Th mt inh st vo dung dch ng (II) clorua. y xy ra phn ng:
A. trao i B. hidrat ho C. kt hp D. oxy ho - kh
Cu 6Cho Fe vo dung dch HNO3 long, phn ng va to ra mt cht kh khng mu b ha nu trong
khng kh. T l mol ca Fe v HNO3 l: A. 1: 2 B. 1: 1 C. 1:4 D. 1: 5
Cu 7Dy no gm cc cht va th hin tnh kh va th hin tnh oxi ha ?
A. Fe2O3 ; Fe2(SO4)3 , Fe(OH)2 B. Fe3O4 , FeO , FeCl2
C. Fe2(SO4)3 , FeCl2 , Fe(OH)3 D. Fe2(SO4)3 , FeCl3 , Fe2O3
Cu 8Dy no gm cc cht ch th hin tnh oxi ha ?
A. Fe2O3 ; Fe2(SO4)3 , Fe(OH)2 B. Fe3O4 , FeO , FeCl2
C. Fe2(SO4)3 , FeCl2 , Fe(OH)3 D. Fe2(SO4)3 , FeCl3 , Fe2O3
Cu 9Hp cht no cho sau y khng b HNO3 oxi ha ?
A. FeO B. FeSO4 C. Fe(OH)2 D. Fe(OH)3
Cu 10Trong cc phn ng sau, phn ng no khng l phn ng oxi ha kh ?

A. H2SO4 + Fe FeSO4 + H2 B. H2SO4 + Fe Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O

C. H2SO4 + Fe3O4 FeSO4+ Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O D. H2SO4 +FeO Fe2(SO4)3 +SO2 + H2O
Cu 11Oxit no cho sau y khi tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long to ra c hai mui ?
A. Fe2O3 B. Fe3O4 C. FeO D. Al2O3
Cu 12Nhng 1 l st vo cc dung dch : HCl, HNO3 (,nguI), CuSO4, FeCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3. Hi c bao nhiu
phn ng ha hc xy ra? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
Cu 13Cho cc cht Cu; Fe; Ag v cc dung dch HCl, CuSO4, FeCl2, FeCl3. S cp cht c phn ng vi nhau:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 14Qung no sau y khng phi l qung st?
A. Hematit B. Manhetit C. Criolit D. Xiderit
Cu 15Dng dung dch no cho sau y c th phn bit c hai cht rn : Fe2O3 v FeO
A. HNO3 c , nng B. Dung dch NaOH
C. Dung dch H2SO4 long D. Dung dch AgNO3
Cu 16Nhn bit cc dung dch mui: Fe2(SO4)3 , FeSO4, FeCl3 ta c th dng ha cht no trong cc ha cht
sau y ?
A. Dung dch BaCl2 B. Dung dch BaCl2 v dung dch NaOH
C. Dung dch AgNO3 D. Dung dch NaOH
Cu 17: Phn hy Fe(OH)3 nhit cao n khi lng khng i, thu c cht rn l
A. FeO. B. Fe2O3. C. Fe3O4. D. Fe(OH)2.
Cu 18: Sn phm to thnh c cht kt ta khi dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 tc dng vi dung dch
A. NaOH. B. Na2SO4. C. NaCl. D. CuSO4.
Cu 19: iu ch Fe(NO3)2 ta c th dng phn ng no sau y?
A. Fe + HNO3 B. Dung dch Fe(NO3)3 + Fe C. FeO + HNO3 D. FeS + HNO3
Cu 20: Cho hn hp Fe v Cu d vo dung dch HNO3 thy thot ra kh NO. Mui thu c trong dung dch
sau phn ng l :
A. Fe(NO3)3 B. Fe(NO3)3 v Cu(NO3)2 C. Fe(NO3)2 v Cu(NO3)2 D. Cu(NO3)2
Cu 21: Qung c hm lng st ln nht l:
A. manhetit B. xierit C. hematit D. pirit
Cu 22: Trong cc pht biu sau, pht biu no khng ng?
A. Hm lng C trong gang nhiu hn trong thp B. Gang l hp cht ca Fe C
C. Gang l hp kim Fe C v mt s nguyn t khc D. Gang trng cha t C hn gang xm
Cu 23: C th dng dung dch no sau y ho tan hon ton mt mu gang?
A. Dung dch HCl. B. Dung dch H2SO4 long. C. Dung dch NaOH. D. Dung dch
HNO3 c nng.
Cu 24: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cr2+ l:
A. [Ar]3d5. B. [Ar]3d4. C. [Ar]3d3. D. [Ar]3d2.
82
Cu 25: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cr3+ l:
Cu 26: Cc s oxi ho c trng ca crom l:
A. +2; +4, +6. B. +2, +3, +6. C. +1, +2, +4, +6. D. +3, +4, +6.
Cu 27: C p kim loi no sau y bn trong khng kh v nc do c mng oxit bo v ?
A. Fe v Al. B. Fe v Cr. C. Mn v Cr. D. Al v Cr.
Cu 28: Nh t t dung dch H2SO4 long vo dung dch K2CrO4 th mu ca dung dch chuyn
A. khng mu sang mu vng. B. mu da cam sang mu vng.
C. khng mu sang mu da cam. D. mu vng sang mu da cam.
Cu 29: Oxit lng tnh l: A. Cr2O3. B. MgO. C. CrO. D. CaO.
Cu 30: Gii thch ng dng ca crom no di y l khng hp l?
A. Crom l kim loi cng nht, c th dng ct thy tinh
B. Crom l hp kim cng v chu nhit hn nn dng to thp cng khng g, chu nhit.
C. Crom l kim loi nh, nn c s dng cc hp kim dng trong ngnh hng khng.
D. iu kin thng, crom to c lp mng oxit mn, bn chc nn crom c dng m bo v thp.
Cu 31: Cho mt t bt Fe vo dung dch AgNO3 d , kt thc phn ng c dung dch c cha cht tan
A. Fe(NO3)2 B. Fe(NO3)3 C. Fe(NO3)3 , AgNO3 D. AgNO3 , Fe(NO3)3 , Fe(NO3)2
Cu 32: Cho bt Fe vo dung dch HNO3 long, phn ng kt thc thy c bt Fe cn d. Dung dch thu c
sau phn ng l:
A. Fe(NO3)3 B. Fe(NO3)3, HNO3 C. Fe(NO3)2 D. Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3
Cu 33: Nu cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch FeCl3 th xut hin
A. kt ta mu trng hi xanh. B. kt ta mu xanh lam. C. kt ta mu nu .
D. kt ta mu trng hi xanh, sau chuyn dn sang mu nu .
Cu 34: T qung Fe2O3 c th iu ch ra st bng phng php
A. Thy luyn. B. in phn. C. Nhit luyn. D.Mt phng php khc.
Cu 35: Hn hp kim loi no sau y tt c u tham gia phn ng trc tip vi mui st (III) trong dung
dch?
A. Na, Al, Zn B. Fe, Mg, Cu C. Ba, Mg, Ni D. K, Ca, Al
Cu 36: Cht no di y l cht kh oxit st trong l cao ?
A. H2 B. CO C. Al D. Na
Cu 37: Cu hnh electron ca ion Fe3+
A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d4 4s2 B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1
2 2 6 2 6 5
C.1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d D.1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2
Cu 38: Trong cc phn ng ho hc cho di y, phn ng no khng ng?
A.Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 B. Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu
C. Fe + Cl2 FeCl2 D. Fe + H2O FeO + H2
Cu 39: Phn ng ho hc no sau y xy ra?
A. Cu2+ + 2Ag Cu + 2Ag+ B. Cu + Pb2+ Cu2+ + Pb
C. Cu + 2Fe3+ Cu2+ + 2Fe2+ D. Cu + 2Fe3+ Cu2+ + 2Fe
Cu 40: Khi nung nng Fe vi cht no sau y th to ra hp cht st (II)
A. S B. Dung dch HNO3 C. O2 D. Cl2
Cu 41: Dung dch FeSO4 c ln tp cht CuSO4. Cht no sau y c th loi b c tp cht? A. Bt Mg d,
lc. B. Bt Cu d, lc. C. Bt Al d, lc. D. Bt Fe d, lc.
Cu 42: Phn ng no di y khng th xy ra
(1) Fe + MgSO4Mg + FeSO4
(2) Fe + 2HCl FeCl2+ H2
(3) Fe + 6HNO3 , ngui Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2 + 3H2O
(4) 2Fe + 3Cl22FeCl3
A. (1),(2) B. (1),(3) C. (3),(4) D. (2),(3)
83
CU HI TRC NGHIM CHNG 6-7
Cu 1 3,04g hn hp Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long thu c 0,896 lt NO (ktc). % Fe theo
khi lng l: A. 36,8%. B. 3,68%. C. 63,2%. D. 6,32%.
Cu 2 Hp kim Al-Mg tc dng va vi dung dch HCl thu c 8,96 lt H2 (ktc). Cng lng hp kim
trn tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH thu c 6,72 lt H2 (ktc). % Al tnh theo khi lng l:
A. 6,92%. B. 69,2%. C. 3,46%. D. 34,6%.
Cu 3 Cho m gam hn hp bt Al v Fe tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thot ra 6,72 lt kh (ktc). Nu cho
m gam hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th thot ra 8,96 lt kh (ktc). Khi lng ca Al v Fe
trong hn hp u l
A. 10,8 gam Al v 5,6 gam Fe. B. 5,4 gam Al v 5,6 gam Fe.
C. 5,4 gam Al v 8,4 gam Fe. D. 5,4 gam Al v 2,8 gam Fe.
Cu 4 Thi Vlit (ktc) kh CO2 vo 300ml dung dch Ca (OH)2 0,02M th thu c 0,2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca
V l:
A. 44,8 ml hoc 89,6ml B. 224ml C. 44,8ml hoc 224ml D. 44,8ml
Cu 5 Ho tan ht 5,00 gam hn hp gm mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi kim v mt mui cacbonat ca kim
loi kim th bng dung dch HCl thu c 1,68 lt CO 2(kc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng s thu c mt
hn hp mui khan nng:
Cu 6 Hp th hon ton 2,688 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 2,5 lt dung dch Ba(OH)2 nng a mol/l, thu c
15,76 gam kt tA. Gi tr ca a l:
A. 0,032. B. 0,04. C. 0,048. D. 0,06.
Cu 7 Ha tan m gam Al vo dung dch HNO3 rt long ch thu c hn hp kh gm c 0,015 mol N2O v
0,01 mol NO. Gi tr ca m l:A. 13,5 g B. 1,35 g C. 0,81 g D. 0,75 g
84
Cu 8 Ho tan hon ton m gam Fe trong dung dch HNO3 long d, sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c 0,448
lt kh NO duy nht ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l:
A. 11,2. B. 0,56. C. 5,60. D. 1,12.
Cu 9 Cho mt t bt st nguyn cht tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 long thu c 560 ml mt cht kh (
ktc). Nu cho mt lng gp i bt st ni trn tc dng ht vi dung dch CuSO4 th thu c m gam mt
cht rn. Gi tr m l:
Cu 10 Cho m gam Fe vo dung dch HNO3 ly d ta thu c 8,96 lit(kc) hn hp kh X gm 2 kh NO v

NO2 c t khi hi hn hp X so vi oxi bng 1,3125. Gi tr ca m l :
Cu 11 Kh hon ton 16 gam Fe2O3 bng kh CO nhit cao. Kh i ra sau phn ng c dn vo dung
dch Ca(OH)2 d. Khi lng kt ta thu c l:
A. 15 gam B. 20 gam. C. 25 gam. D. 30 gam.
Cu 12 Nung mt mu thp thng c khi lng 10 gam trong O2 d thu c 0,1568 lt kh CO2 (ktc).
Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca cacbon trong mu thp l:
A. 0,82%. B. 0,84%. C. 0,85%. D. 0,86%.
Cu 13 Cho 32 gam hn hp gm MgO, Fe2O3, CuO tc dng va vi 300ml dung dch H2SO4 2M. Khi
lng mui thu c l: A. 60 gam. B. 80 gam. C. 85 gam. D. 90 gam.
Cu 14 Y l mt loi qung manhetit cha 34,8% Fe3O4. Khi lng Fe ti a c th iu ch t 1 tn Y l

A. 0,501 tn. B. KHNG TNH C. C. 0,304 tn. D. 0,2505 tn.
85
Cu 15 Cho kh CO kh hon ton 10 gam qung hematit. Lng st thu c cho tc dng ht vi dung dch
H2SO4 long thu c 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca Fe2O3 trong qung l:
A. 70%. B. 75%. C. Tt c u sai. D. 40%.
Cu 16 Cho m gam hn hp Al v Fe phn ng hon ton vi dung dch HNO 3 long thu c 2,24 lt NO duy
nht (ktc). Mt khc cho m gam hn hp ny phn ng vi dung dch HCl thu c 2,80 lt H 2 (ktc). Gi tr
ca m l
A. 8,30. B. 4,15. C. 4,50. D. Khng kt qu no ng
Cu 17 Kh hon ton hn hp Fe2O3 v CuO bng CO thu c s mol CO 2 to ra t cc oxit c t l tng

ng l 3:2. Phn trm khi lng ca Fe2O3 v CuO trong hn hp ln lt l
A. Khng tnh c B. 75% v 25% C. 75,5% v 24,5%. D. 25% v 75%.
Cu 18 Ngm mt l kim loi c khi lng 50 gam trong dung dch HCl. Sau khi thu c 672 ml kh H 2
(ktc) th khi lng l kim loi gim 0,975 %. Kim loi l :
A. Mt p n khc B. Fe C. Al D. Ni
Cu 19 Kh x gam mt oxit st bng CO nhit cao, thu c 10 gam Fe v 4,4 gam CO 2. Cng thc ha
hc ca oxit st dng l:
A. FeO. B. Fe2O3. C. Fe3O4. D. khng xc nh c.
Cu 20 Cho 10,8 gam mt kim loi cha bit ha tr tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO 3 long thu c 3,36 lt
N2O duy nht (ktc). Kim loi l :
A. Na. B. Zn. C. Khng tnh c. D. Al.
Cu 21 Cho 100 ml dung dch KOH 0,1M vo 100 ml dung dch AlCl 3 0,2M. Sau phn ng khi lng kt ta
to ra l : A. tt c u sai. B. 1,56 gam. C. 0,97 gam. D.0,68 gam
Cu 22 Ha tn 10 gam hn hp bt Fe v Fe 2O3 bng dd HCl thu c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) v dung dch X.

Cho dung dch X tc dng vi NaOH d, thu c kt ta. Nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng
i c cht rn c khi lng l:
Cu 23 t mt kim loi trong bnh cha kh Clo thu c 32,5gam mui, ng thi th tch clo trong bnh
gim 6,72 lt (ktc). Kim loi b t l kim loi no?
86
A. Mg B. Al C. Fe D. Cu
Cu 24 Dung dch cha 3,25gam mui clorua ca mt kim loi cha bit phn ng vi dd AgNO 3 d tch ra
8,61 gam kt ta trng. Cng thc ca mui clorua kim loi l cng thc no sau y?A. MgCl2 B.
FeCl2 C. CuCl2 D. FeCl3
Cu 25 Kh hon ton 16 gam bt oxi st bng CO nhit cao. Sau phn ng khi lng kh tng thm 4,8
gam. Cng thc ca oxi st l cng thc no sau y?
A. FeO B. FeO2 C. Fe2O3 D. Fe3O4
Cu 26 Khi cho 11,2 gam Fe tc dng vi Cl2 d thu c m1 gam mui, cn nu cho 11,2 gam Fe tc dng vi
dd HCl d th th c m2 gam mui. Kt qu tnh gi tr ca m1 v m2 l bao nhiu?
A. m1=m2=25,4g B. m1=25,4g v m2=26,7g
C. m1=32,5g v m2=24,5g D.m1=32,5g v m2=25,4
Cu 27 Cho 32g hn hp gm MgO, Fe2O3, CuO tc dng va vi 300ml dung dch H2SO4 2M. Khi lng
mui thu c l: A. 60g B. 80g C. 85g D. 90g
Cu 28 Nung 21,4 gam Fe(OH)3 nhit cao n khi lng khng i, thu c m gam mt oxit. Gi tr
ca m l :
A. 16. B. 14. C. 8. D. 12.
Cu 29 Nung mt mu thp thng c khi lng 10g trong oxi d thu c 0,1568 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Thnh
phn phn trm theo khi lng ca cacbon trong mu thp l:
A. 0,86% B. 0,85% C. 0,84% D. 0,82%
Cu 30 Ho tan 6,72 gam kim loi M trong dung dch H2SO4 c nng th c 0,18 mol SO2 . Kim loi M l:
A. Cu B. Fe C. Zn D. Al
87
Cu 31 ho tan cng mt lng Fe trong dung dch H2SO4 long(1) v H2SO4 c nng (2) th th tch kh
sinh ra trong cng iu kin l:
A. (1) bng (2) B. (1) gp i (2) C. (2) gp i (1) D. (1) gp ba (2)
Cu 32 Cho 12,8g ng tan hon ton trong dd HNO3 thy thot ra hn hp hai kh NO v NO2 c t khi i
vi H2 bng 19. Th tch hn hp kh iu kin tiu chun l:
A. 1,12 lt B. 2,24 lt C. 4,48 lt D. 0,448 lt
88
CHNG 8: NHN BIT MT S ION TRONG DUNG DCH
I. NGUYN TC: To kt ta ho c bay hi
II. NHN BIT DUNG DCH
CATION ANION
Catio Hi n tng + Phng trnh Anio Hi n
tng + Phng trnh
n n
Na+ tla mu vng
NH4+ Dd kimkh mi khai(xanh qu m) NO3- b t Cu + mt axitdd mu xanh, kh khng

NH4+ + OH- NH3 + H2O mu ha nu ngoi khng kh.
3Cu + 2NO3-+8H+3Cu2++2NO+4H2O
2NO + O2 2 NO2
Ba2+ Dd H2SO4l trng, ko tan H2SO4 d SO42- Dd mui Ba2++mt axittrng ko tan
Ba2+ + SO42- BaSO4 Ba2+ + SO42- BaSO4
Al3+ Dd kim dkeo trng, tan trong OH- d Cl- Dd AgNO3trng
Al3+ + 3OH-Al(OH)3 Ag+ + Cl- AgCl
Al(OH)3 + OH-AlO2- + 2H2O
Fe2+ Dd kimtrng xanh nu (kk) CO32- Dd axitsi bt kh
Fe2+ + 2OH- Fe(OH)2 CO32- + 2H+CO2 + H2O
4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH)3
Fe3+ Dd kim nu
Fe3+ +3OH-Fe(OH)3
Cu2+ Dd NH3Xanh, to phc tan mu xanh
Cu2+ + 2OH- Cu(OH)2
Cu(OH)2 + 4NH3 Cu[(NH3)4](OH)2
III. NHN BIT CHT KH

Cht Hi n
tng phng trnh
CO2 Dd Ca(OH)2 ho c Ba(OH)2 dkt ta trng
CO2 + Ca(OH)2CaCO3 + H2O
SO2 Dd Br2 mt mu nu dd Br2
SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O 2HBr + H2SO4
H2S Dd mui Cu2+ ho c Pb2+kt ta en
H2S + Cu2+ CuS + 2H+ H2S + Pb2+ PbS + 2H+
NH3 Qu tm mha xanh
89
* TRC NGHIM:
Cu 1: Ch dng dung dch KOH phn bit c cc cht ring bit trong nhm no sau y
A. Zn, Al2O3, Al. B. Mg, K, Na. C. Mg, Al2O3, Al. D. Fe, Al2O3, Mg.
Cu 2: phn bit CO2 v SO2 ch cn dng thuc th l:
A. dd Ba(OH)2. B. CaO. C. nc brom. D. dd NaOH.
Cu 3: C 5 dung dch ring r, mi dung dch cha mt cation sau y: NH4+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Al3+. Dng dd
NaOH cho ln lt vo tng dd trn, c th nhn bit ti a c?
A. 2. B. 5. C. 3. D. 1.
Cu 4: C 5 l cha ho cht mt nhn, mi l ng mt trong cc dung dch cha cation sau (nng mi
dung dch khong 0,01M): Fe2+, Cu2+, Ag+, Al3+, Fe3+. Ch dng mt dung dch thuc th KOH c th nhn bit
c ti a my dung dch? A. 5. B. 2. C. 3. D. 1.
Cu 5: C 5 dung dch ho cht khng nhn KCl, Ba(HCO3)2, K2CO3, K2S, K2SO3. Ch dng mt dung dch
thuc th l dung dch H2SO4 long nh trc tip vo mi dung dch th c th phn bit ti a my dung dch?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 5 D. 3
Cu 6: Kh CO2 c ln tp cht l kh HCl. loi tr tp cht HCl nn cho kh CO2 i qua dung dch no
sau y l tt nht?
A. Dd NaOH d. B. Dd NaHCO3 bo ho d. C. Dd Na2CO3 d. D. Dd AgNO3 d.
Cu 7: phn bit dung dch Cr2(SO4)3 v dung dch FeCl2 ngi ta dng lng d dung dch A. K2SO4.
B. KNO3. C. NaNO3. D. NaOH.
Cu 8: C 4 dung dch l: NaOH, H2SO4, HCl, Na2CO3. Ch dng mt ha cht nhn bit th dng cht no
trong s cc cht cho di y?
A. Dd HNO3 B. Dd KOH. C. Dd BaCl2 D. Dd NaCl.
Cu 9: Hn hp kh no sau ay tn ti bt k iu kin no?
A. H2 v Cl2. B. N2 v O2. C. HCl v CO2. D. H2 v O2.
90
CHNG 9: HA HC V VN MI TRNG
I. HA HC - NHIM MI TRNG - Nhn to: sinh hot, giao thng v n ti, thuc
1. nhim khng kh: tr su
a. Nguyn nhn: Cc tc nhn gy nhim: ion kim loi
- Do thin nhin nng(Hg,
Pb, Cu, Mn,...), anion NO3-, PO43-,
- Do con ngi (ch yu) SO42-, thuc,...
+ Kh thi cng nghi p b. Tc hi: ln s sinh trng, pht trin ng
+ Kh thi hot ng giao thng v n ti thc v t
+ Kh thi do sinh hot 3. nhim mi trng t
Cc kh gy nhim: CO, CO2, SO2, H2S, II. HA HC VN PHNG CHNG
NOx, CFC, bi 1.Nh n bit mi trng b nhim
b. Tc hi: - Quan st: mi, mu
- Hi u ng nh knh - o pH ca nc, t
- Sc khe - Dng cc dng c o lng
- Sinh trng, pht trin ng, thc vt 2. Ha hc trong vi c x l cht gy nhim
- Ph tng ozon, ma axit M t s phng php x l:
2. nhim mi trng nc - PP hp th
a. Nguyn nhn: - PP hp ph
- T nhin: ma, gi bo lt ko cht bn - PP oxi ha kh
91
* TRC NGHIM:
Cu 1: Hi thu ngn rt c, bi vy khi lm v nhit k thu ngn th cht bt c dng rc
ln thu ngn ri gom li l: A. vi sng. B. Phot pho. C. lu hunh. D. Bnh cha chy.
Cu 2: Hin tng tri t nng ln do hiu ng nh knh ch yu l do cht no sau y?
A. Kh cacbonic. B. Kh clo. C. Kh hidroclorua. D. Kh cacbon oxit.
Cu 3: Phn bn ha hc, thuc di t c, thuc tr su gy nhim mi trng?
A. t B. Nc C. Khng kh D. Nc v t
Cu 4: Tc nhn ch yu gy ma axit l:
A. CO v CH4. B. CH4 v NH3. C. SO2 v NO2. D. CO v CO2.
Cu 5: Nhin li u no sau y thu c loi nhin li u sch
A. than B. xng, du C. kh butan(gas) D. Kh hidro
Cu 6: Dn khng kh b nhim i qua giy lc tm dung dch Pb(NO3)2 thy dung dch xut hin
mu en. Khng kh b nhim bn kh no sau y?
A. Cl2. B. H2S. C. SO2. D. NO2.
Cu 7: Ngun nng lng no sau y l nng lng nhn tao?
A. M t tri B. thy i n C. Gi D. ht nhn
Cu 8 : Kho nhin li u ha thch:
A. v t n B. ngy cng cn ki t C. tng hng nm D. khng c s dng na
Cu 9 : Trong s cc v t li u sau, v t li u no c ngun gc hu c:
A. Gm, s B. Ximang C. Cht do D. t st n n
Cu 10: Kh biogas sn xut t cht thi chn nui c s dng lm ngung nhin li u trong sinh
hot nng thn. Tc dng ca vi c s dng biogas l ?
A. pht trin chn nui C. t ly nhi t v gim thiu nhim mi trng
B. gii quyt cng n vi c lm nng thn D. Gim gi thnh sn xut du kh
Cu 11: Nguyn nhn ca s suy gim tng ozon ch yu l do ?
A. Kh CO2 B. ma axit C. Kh CFC D. Qu trnh sn xut gang thp
92
* PH LC
PH LC 1
CNG THC TNH NHANH S NG PHN
1) S ng phn ankan
Cn H 2 n 2 2 n 4 1 3 n 7
Cng thc:
2) S ng phn Hirocacbon thm l ng ng benzen
Cn H 2 n 6 n 6 6 n 10
2
Cng thc:
3) S ng phn phenol n chc

Cn H 2 n 6O 3n 6 5 n 9
Cng thc:
4) S ng phn ancol n chc no CnH2n+2O
Cng thc: S ancol CnH2n+2O = 2n-2 (n<6)
5) S ng phn andehit n chc no CnH2nO
Cng thc:
S andehit CnH2nO = 2n-3 (n<7)
6) S ng phn axit cacboxylict n chc no CnH2nO2
Cng thc:
S axit CnH2nO2 = 2n-3 (n<7)
7) S ng phn este n chc no CnH2nO2
Cng thc: S este CnH2nO2 = 2n-2 (n<5)

8) S ng phn amin n chc no CnH2n+3N
n-1
Cng thc: S amin CnH2n+3N = 2 (n<5)
9) S ng phn amin bc 1 n chc no CnH2n+3N
n-2
Cng thc: S amin CnH2n+3N = 2 (1<n<5)
10) S ng phn amino axit, no (c 1nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH)
Cn H 2 n 1O2 N n 1 ! n 5
Cng thc:
11) S ng phn trieste to bi glyxerol v hn hp n axit bo
Cng thc: n2(n+1)

S trieste =
2
93
PH LC 2
CNG N THI GHK I
Cu 1: Cho glixerol phn ng vi hn hp axit bo gm C 17H35COOH v C15H31COOH, s loi

trieste c to ra ti a l:
A. 6. B. 3. C. 5. D. 4.
Cu 2: Cho cc pht biu sau:
b/ Cc este khng tan trong nc v ni ln trn mt nc do chng khng to c lin kt hidro
vi nc v nh hn nc
Nhng pht biu ng l:
A. a, b, c, d B. b, c, d C. a, b, d D. a, b, c
Cu 3: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit monocacboxylic c mch cacbon di, khng phn
nhnh.
B. Cht bo cha ch yu cc gc no ca axit cacboxylic, thng l cht rn nhit phng.
C. Cht bo cha ch yu cc gc khng no ca axit cacboxylic, thng l cht lng nhit
phng v c gi l du.
D. Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng kim l phn ng thun nghch.
Cu 4: Khi cho mt cht bo tc dng vi kim s thu c glixerol v:
A. Mt mui ca axit bo B. Hai mui ca axit bo
C. Ba mui ca axit bo D. Mt hn hp mui ca axit bo.
Cu 5: Phn ng thy phn este trong dung dch kim (NaOH) cn gi l:
A. phn ng este ha B. phn ng thy phn ha
C. phn ng x phng ha D. phn ng oxi ha
Cu 6: Este no sau y sau khi thy phn trong mi trng kim (dd NaOH), thu c hn hp
sn phm gm 2 cht u tham gia phn ng trng gng vi dd AgNO3/NH3
A. HCOOCH2CH3 B. CH3COOCH2CH3
C. HCOOCH=CH-CH3 D. HCOOCH2CH=CH2.
Cu 7: un nng este CH3COOCH=CH2 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn phm thu
c l
A. CH2=CHCOONa v CH3OH. B. CH3COONa v CH3CHO.
C. CH3COONa v CH2=CHOH. D. C2H5COONa v CH3OH.
Cu 8: Este c CTPT C2H4O2 c tn gi no sau y:
A. metyl axetat B. metyl propionat C. metyl fomat D. etyl fomat
Cu 9: Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to sau y:
A. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) B. (1), (2), (3), (5), (7)
C. (1), (2), (4), (6), (7) D. (1), (2), (3), (6), (7)
Cu 10: Lm bay hi 3,7 gam este n chim th tch bng th tch ca 1,6 gam O 2 trong cng iu
kin. Este trn c s ng phn l:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 11: Cho 0.01 mol este hu c mch h X phn ng va vi 0.03 mol KOH. X thuc lai
este:
A. n chc B. Hai chc C. Ba chc D. Khng xc nh
Cu 12: X phng ho hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. C cn dung
dch sau phn ng thu c khi lng x phng l:
94
Cu 13: un nng cht bo cn va 40 kg dung dch NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra hon
ton. Khi lng (kg) glixerol thu c l
A. 13,8 B. 4,6 C. 6,975 D. 9,2
Cu 14: Thy phn 0,1 mol este CH3COOC6H5 cn dng bao nhiu mol NaOH
A. 0,1 mol B. 0,2 mol C. 0,3 mol D. 0,4 mol.
Cu 15: Khi t chy hon ton 4,4 gam cht hu c X n chc thu c sn phm chy ch gm
4,48 lit CO2 ( ktc) v 3,6 gam H2O. Nu cho 4,4 gam cht X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va
n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 4,8 gam mui ca axit hu c Y v cht hu c Z.Tn ca
X l:
A. Etyl propionat B. Metyl propionat C. isopropyl axetat D. etyl axetat
Cu 16: Pht biu no sau y l ng khi nhn nh v glucoz?
A. Glucoz l hp cht ch c tnh cht ca mt ru a chc
B. Glucoz l hp cht ch c tnh kh
C. Glucoz l hp cht tp chc
D. Glucoz l hp cht ch c tnh cht ca mt anehit
Cu 17: Cng thc no sau y m t cu to thu gn ca xenluloz
A. [C6H5 (OH)5]n B. [C6H6O(OH)4]n C. [C6H7O2(OH)3]n D. [C6H8O3(OH)2]n
Cu 18: Dy gm cc dung dch u tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng l:
A. glucoz, glixerol, anehit fomic, natri axetat. B. glucoz, glixerol, saccarozo, natri axetat.
C. glucoz, glixerol, saccarozo, axit axetic. D. glucoz, glixerol, saccarozo, ancol etylic.
Cu 19: Nhm m tt c cc cht u tc dng c vi dd AgNO3/NH3 l
A. Fructozo , C2H5OH, Glucoz B. Fructozo, Glucoz, CH3CHO
C. C2H2 , C2H4 , C2H6 D. C2H4 , Glucoz, CH3CHO
Cu 20: Fructoz khng phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. Dung dch Br2 B. [Ag(NH3)2]OH. C. H2 (Ni, t0). D. Cu(OH)2.
Cu 21: Cho cc cht ancol etylic, glixerol, glucoz, xenlulozo, tinh bt, fructozo, andehit axetic ,
saccarozo v axit fomic. S cht c phn ng trng gng l:
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5. D. 2
A. Hp cht saccaroz thuc loi isaccarit, phn t ny c cu to bi 2 gc glucoz.
B. ng phn ca saccaroz l mantoz.
C. ng saccaroz l ng ma, ng tht nt, ng c ci, ng knh , ng phn.
D. Phn t saccaroz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl nhng khng c nhm cacbonyl.
Cu 23: Gia saccaroz v glucoz c c im g ging nhau?
A. u c ly t c ci ng.
B. u c trong bit dc huyt thanh ngt
C. u b oxi ho bi [Ag(NH3)2 ]OH.
D. u ho tan Cu(OH)2 nhit thng cho dung dch mu xanh lam.
A. Saccarozo, xenluloz, fructoz. B. Tinh bt, xenluloz, mantozo.
C. Tinh bt, mantozo, glucoz. D. Dipeptit, saccaroz, fructoz
Cu 25: Phn t khi ca mt loi Xeluloz vo khong 2.400.000.Tnh s mc xch trong phn t
xenlulo ny vo khong:
A. 18414 B. 11448 C. 14418 D. 14814
Cu 26: Kh glucoz bng H2 to sobitol. Khi lng glucoz dng to ra 1,82 g sobitol vi
hiu sut 80% l bao nhiu?
A. 2,25 gam B. 22,5 gam
C. 1,44 gam D. 14,4 gam
Cu 27: T mt tn nc ma cha 13% saccaroz c th thu c bao nhiu kg saccaroz .Cho
bit hiu sut thu hi saccaroz t 80%.
A. 104kg B. 105kg C. 110kg D. 124kg
Cu 28: Tnh khi lng kt ta Ag hnh thnh khi tin hnh trng gng hon ton dung dch cha
18 gam glucoz?
95
Cu 29: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t xenluloz v axit nitric c c xc tc axit sunfuric
c, nng. c 59,4gam xenluloz trinitrat, cn dng dung dch cha m kg axit nitric (hiu sut
phn ng t 90%). Gi tr ca m l:
A. 84 B. 20 C. 60 D. 42
Cu 30: T m kg nho chn cha 40% ng nho, sn xut c 1000lit ru vang 200. Bit khi
lng ring ca C2H5OH l 0,8 gam/ml v hao ph 10% lng ng. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 860,75kg B. 8700,00kg C. 8607,5 kg D. 869,56 kg
Cu 31: Khi thy phn tripeptit H 2N CH(CH3)CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH s to ra cc
amino axit
A. H2NCH2COOH v CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
B. H2NCH2CH(CH3)COOH v H2NCH2COOH.
C. H2NCH(CH3)COOH v H2NCH(NH2)COOH.
D. CH3CH(NH2)CH2COOH v H2NCH2COOH.
A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5.
B. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit ging nhau.
C. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit khc nhau.
D. c 2 lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc -amino axit.
Cu 34: C cc cht: lng trng trng (anbumin), dd glucoz, dd anilin, dd anehit axetic. Nhn
bit chng bng thuc th no?
A. dd Br2. B. Cu(OH)2/OH-. C. HNO3 c. D. ddAgNO3/NH3.
Cu 35: Cho dy cc cht: C6H5NH2 (anilin), H2NCH2COOH, CH3CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2NH2,
C6H5OH (phenol). S cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l
A. 4. B. 2. C. 3. D. 5.
A. Glixin (CH2NH2-COOH) B. Lizin (H2NCH2-[CH2]3CH(NH2)-COOH)
C. Axit glutamic (HOOCCH2CHNH2COOH) D. Natriphenolat (C6H5ONa)
Cu 38: Cho cc hp cht hu c sau: C6H5NH2 (1); C2H5NH2 (2); (C2H5)2NH (3); NaOH (4); NH3
(5); CH3NH2 (6); C2H5OH (7). mnh ca cc baz c sp xp theo th t tng dn l:
A. 7 < 5 < 6 < 2 < 1 < 3 < 4. B. 7 < 5 < 6 < 1 < 3 < 2 < 4.
C. 4 < 5 < 6 < 1 < 2 < 3 < 7. D. 7 < 1 <5 < 6 < 2 < 3 < 4.
Cu 39: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ?
A. Cc amin u c tnh baz.
B. Tnh baz ca cc amin u mnh hn NH3.
C. Anilin c tnh baz rt yu nn khng lm i mu qu tm.
D. Amin c tnh baz do trn N c c p e cha tham gia lin kt.
Cu 40: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht CH3CH2NHCH3 ?
A. N,N-etylmetylamin. B. N-metyletanamin. C. Propan-2-amin. D. Isopropylamin.
Cu 41: Cht X c cng thc phn t C4H8O2. Khi X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH sinh ra cht Y
c cng thc C2H3O2Na. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. HCOOC3H7. B. C2H5COOCH3. C. CH3COOC2H5. D. HCOOC3H5.
Cu 42: Hp cht X c cng thc cu to: CH2=CH-COOCH3. Tn gi ca X l
A. metyl axetat. B. metyl propionat. C. metyl acrilat. D. propyl axetat.
Cu 43: Thy phn hon ton 8,8 gam este n chc, mch h X vi 100ml dung dch KOH 1M
(va ) thu c 3,2 gam mt ancol Y. Tn gi ca X l
A. metyl fomat. B. metyl propionat. C. etyl axetat. D. propyl axetat.
Cu 44: chng minh trong phn t glucoz c nm nhm hiroxyl, ngi ta cho dung dch
glucoz phn ng vi
96
A. AgNO3 trong dung dch amoniac, un nng. B. kim loi K.
C. anhirit axetic. D. Cu(OH)2 trong dung dch NaOH, un nng.
Cu 45: Cacbohirat nht thit phi cha nhm chc ca
A. xeton. B. anehit. C. amin. D. ancol.
Cu 46: Ln men hon ton m gam glucoz thnh ancol etylic. Ton b kh CO 2 sinh ra trong qu
trnh ny c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d) to ra 40 gam kt ta. Nu hiu sut ca
qu trnh ln men l 75% th gi tr ca m l
A. 60. B. 58. C. 30. D. 48.
Cu 47: Cho 50ml dung dch glucoz cha r nng tc dng vi mt lng d AgNO 3 trong
dung dch NH3 thu c 2,16 gam bc kt ta. Nng mol ca dung dch glucoz dng l
A. 0,20M. B. 0,10M. C. 0,01M. D. 0,02M.
Cu 48: C 3 ho cht sau y: Etylamin, phenylamin v amoniac. Th t tng dn lc baz c
xp theo dy
A. amoniac < etylamin < phenylamin. B. etylamin < amoniac < phenylamin.
C. phenylamin < amoniac < etylamin. D. phenylamin < etylamin < amoniac.
Cu 49: C2H5NH2 trong H2O khng phn ng vi cht no trong s cc cht sau?
A. HCl. B. H2SO4. C. NaOH. D. Qu tm.
Cu 50: C bao nhiu amin bc hai c cng cng thc phn t C5H13N ?
A. 4 amin. B. 5 amin. C. 6 amin. D. 7 amin.
Cu 51: Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Phn t ipeptit c hai lin kt peptit.
B. Phn t tripeptit c mt lin kt peptit.
C. Trong phn t peptit mch h, s lin kt peptit bao gi cng bng s n v amino axit.
D. Trong phn t peptit mch h cha n gc amino axit, s lin kt peptit bng n 1.
Cu 52: ng vi cng thc phn t C3H7O2N c bao nhiu ng phn amino-axit :
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 1
Cu 53: Loi thc thm khng cha nhiu saccaroz l
A. ng phn. B. mt ma. C. mt ong. D. ng knh.
Cu 54: Cht lng ha tan c xenluloz l
A. benzen. B. ete. C. etanol. D. nc Svayde.
Cu 55: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t xenluloz v axit nitric c c xc tc l axit sunfuric
c, nng. c 29,7 kg xenluloz trinitrat cn dng dung dch cha m kilogam axit nitric (hiu
sut phn ng t 90%). Gi tr ca m l
A. 30. B. 21. C. 42. D. 10.
Cu 56: Cho dung dch cc cht : glucoz, xenluloz, saccaroz, tinh bt, mantoz. S cht trong
dung dch tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. 3. B. 4. C. 2. D. 5.
Cu 57: Kh glucoz bng hidro to sorbitol. Lng glucoz dng to ra 1,82 gam sorbitol
vi hiu sut 80% l
Cu 58: Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz, mantoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng
A. ho tan Cu(OH)2. B. trng ngng. C. trng gng. D. thy phn.
(1) Fructoz v glucoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc;
(2) Saccaroz v tinh bt u khng b thy phn khi c axit H2SO4 (long) lm xc tc;
(3) Tinh bt c to thnh trong cy xanh nh qu trnh quang hp;
(4) Xenluloz v saccaroz u thuc loi disaccarit;
Pht biu ng l
A. (3) v (4). B. (1) v (3). C. (1) v (2). D. (2) v (4).
Cu 60: Cho dy cc cht : anehit axetic, axetilen, glucoz, axit fomic, metyl axetat. S cht trong
dy c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc l
A. 4 B. 5 C. 2 D. 3.
Cu 61: Cp cht no sau y khng phi l ng phn ca nhau?
97
A. Ancol etylic v imetyl ete B. Glucoz v fructoz
C. Saccaroz v xenluloz D. 2-metylpropan-1-ol v butan-2-ol
(a) Chng minh glucoz c nm nhm chc OH ,bng cch cho glucoz tc dng vi
Cu(OH)2 , un nng
(b) Trong hp cht cacbohidrat nht thit phi c nhm chc ancol.
(c) Nhng hp cht hu c c thnh phn nguyn t ging nhau, thnh phn phn t hn
km nhau mt hay nhiu nhm CH2 l ng ng ca nhau.
(d) Dung dch glucoz b kh bi AgNO3 trong NH3 to ra Ag.
(e) Saccaraz ch c cu to mch vng.
S pht biu ng:
A. 4. B. 5. C. 3. D. 2.
Cu 63: T glyxin (Gly) v Valin (Val) c th to ra ti a my cht ipeptit?
A. 2 cht B. 1 cht C. 4 cht D. 3 cht
Cu 64: Cho dy cc cht: CH3COOCH3, C2H5OH, H2NCH2COOH, CH3NH2. S cht trong dy
phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l:
A. 4 B. 3 C. 1 D. 2
Cu 65: Thuc th phn bit Gly-Ala-Gly-Val v Gly-Ala l:
A. Cu(OH)2/OH- B. Dung dch HCl C. Dung dch NaCl D. Dung dch NaOH
Cu 66: Cho 20g hh gm 3 amin n chc ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi dd HCl 1M, ri c
cn dd th thu c 31,68g hh mui. Th tch dd HCl dng l:
A. 320ml B. 150ml C. 100ml D. 200ml
Cu 67: Phn t khi trung bnh ca xenluloz l 1620 000. Gi tr n trong cng thc (C6H10O5)n l:
A. 7000 B. 8000 C. 10000 D. 9000
Cu 68: Lng glucoz cn dng to ra 1,82 gam sobitol vi hiu sut 75% l:
Cu 69: t chy hon ton 0,02 mol hn hp 2 amino axit no X, Y l ng ng k tip nhau,
mi cht u cha 1 nhm (NH2) v 1 nhm (-COOH), thu c 1,568 lt CO 2 (ktc). CTPT ca X,
Y ln lt l:
A. CH3NO2 v C2H7NO2. B. C2H5NO2 v C3H7NO2.
Cu 70: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt amin n chc X thu c 17,6g CO 2 v 12,6g H2O.
CTPT ca X:
A. CH5N. B. C2H7N. C. C3H9N. D. C4H11N.
Cu 71: Cho 8,85 gam mt amin (X) no, n chc, bc 1, tc dng va vi 1500ml dd HCl
0,1M. CT ca X l:
A. CH3NH2. B. C3H7NH2. C. C4H9NH2. D. C2H5NH2.
Cu 72: Cho m gam glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu xut 75%. Ton b kh CO 2 sinh
ra c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (ly d), to ra 80 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 72. B. 54. C. 108. D. 96.
A. 30. B. 21. C. 42. D. 10.
Cu 74: chng minh trong phn t glucoz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl, ngi ta cho dung dch
glucoz phn ng vi
A. Cu(OH)2 , un nng. B. Cu(OH)2 nhit thng.
C. natri hiroxit. D. AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un nng.
A. ng phn. B. mt ma. C. mt ong. D. ng knh.
A. benzen. B. ete. C. etanol. D. nc Svayde.
98
Cu 77: un nng dung dch cha 54 gam glucoz vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 th khi lng Ag
thu c ti a l ( Hiu sut phn ng 100%)
Cu 78: Trong cc cht di y, cht no l ipeptit?
A. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH
B. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH
C. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-COOH.
D. H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH.
Cu 79: Cu no sau y khng ng?
A. Thy phn protein bng axit hoc kim khi un nng s cho mt hn hp cc aminoaxit
B. Phn t khi ca mt aminoaxit (gm mt chc NH2 v mt chc COOH) lun lun l s l
C. Cc amino axit u tan trong nc
D. Dung dch aminoaxit khng lm giy qu i mu.
Cu 80: iu kin nhit thng, cc aminoaxit l:
A. Cht rn kt tinh, khng tan trong nc, nhit nng chy cao.
B. Cht lng, d tan trong nc, nhit nng chy thp.
C. Cht rn kt tinh, d tan trong nc, nhit nng chy cao.
D. Cht lng, d tan trong nc, nhit nng chy thp.
Cu 81: Axit aminoaxetic khng tc dng vi cht no sau y?
A. ddHCl B. ddH2SO4 long C. CH3OH/HCl D. ddKCl
Cu 82: Nhm c cha dung dch (hoc cht) khng lm giy qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh l:
A. NH3, CH3-NH2 B. NaOH, CH3NH2 C. NaOH, NH3 D. NH3, anilin
Cu 83: Nhm cacboxyl v nhm amino trong phn t protein lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt:
A. hidro B. ion C. peptit D. cho - nhn
Cu 84: Aminoaxit l nhng hp cht hu c tp chc, trong phn t cha ng thi hai nhm
chc l:
A. Cacboxyl v hiroxyl B. Hiroxyl v amino
C. Cacboxyl v amino D. Cacbonyl v amino
Cu 85: Cho 0,1 mol aminoaxit A phn ng va vi 100ml dung dch HCl 2M. Mt khc 18(g)
A cng phn ng va vi 150ml dung dch HCl 2M. A c khi lng phn t l:
A. 120 B. 90 C. 60 D. 80
Cu 86: X l mt aminoaxit no ch cha 1 nhm -NH 2 v 1 nhm -COOH. Cho 0,89(g) X tc dng
vi HCl va to ra 1,255 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca X l:
A. H2N-CH2-COOH B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH
C. CH3-CH(NH2)-CH2-COOH D. C3H7-CH(NH2)-COOH
Cu 87: Cho (m)g anilin tc dng vi dung dch HCl c d. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu
c 15,54g mui khan. Hiu sut ca phn ng t 80% th gi tr ca m l:
A. 11,16g B. 13,95g C. 12,5g D. 8,928g
Cu 88: t chy hon ton hn hp X gm 2 este no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng
thu c 1,8 gam nc v V lt CO2 (kc). Gi tr ca V l:
A. 2,24 B. 3,36 C. 4,48 D. 6,72
Cu 89: Pht biu khng ng l:
A. HCOOCH=CH2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c anehit v mui.
B. HCOOCH=CH2 tc dng c vi dung dch Br2
C. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 cng dy ng ng vi CH2=CHCOOCH3
D. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 l este
Cu 90: Dy cc cht sau c sp xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3COOH, CH3CHO, CH3CH2OH B. CH3COOH, CH3CH2OH, CH3CHO
C. CH3CH2OH, CH3COOH, CH3CHO D. CH3CHO, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOH
Cu 91: Khi x phng ha tristearin ta thu c sn phm l
A. C17H35COONa v glixerol. B. C15H31COOH v glixerol.
C. C17H35COOH v glixerol. D. C15H31COONa v etanol.
99
Cu 92: Cho ln lt cc cht: C 6H5OH, CH3CH2Cl, CH3CH2OH, CH3COCH3, CH3COOCH3,
CH3COOH tc dng vi dd NaOH, un nng. S phn ng xy ra l
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
Cu 93: Mnh no sau y khng ng?
A. Metyl fomat c CTPT l C2H4O2.
B. Metyl fomiat l este ca axit etanoic.
C. Metyl fomat c th tham gia phn ng trng bc.
D. Thu phn metyl fomat to thnh ancol metylic v axit fomic.
Cu 94: Khi hiro ho hon ton mt mol olein (glixerol trioleat) nh Ni xc tc thu c mt mol
stearin (glixerol tristearat) phi cn bao nhiu mol H2 :
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 95: Cho dy cc cht: HCHO, CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5, HCOOH, C2H5OH, HCOOCH3.
S cht trong dy tham gia phn ng trng gng l:
A. 3. B. 6. C. 4. D. 5.
Cu 96: Sn phm ca phn ng thy phn metyl axetat c 3,2 gam ancol metylic. Bit rng hiu
sut ca phn ng ny l 75 %. Khi lng ca metyl axetat em thy phn l bao nhiu:
A. 11 gam B. 9,25 gam C. 9,87 gam D. 5,92 gam
Cu 97: X phng ho hon ton 11,1 g hn hp 2 este l HCOOC 2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng dung
dch NaOH, un nng. Khi lng NaOH cn dng l:
A. 8,0g B. 12,0g C. 6,0g D. 20,0g
Cu 98: Peptit l hp cht:
A. C lin kt peptit m phn t c 2-50 gc amino axit
B. Phn t cha t 2-50 gc - amino axit lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt peptit
C. C lin kt peptit m phn t c trn 50 gc - amino axit khc nhau
D. C lin kt peptit m phn t c trn 50 gc amino axit ging nhau
Cu 99: Pht biu no sau y ng:
A. Trong mi trng kim, ipeptit mch h tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 cho hp cht mu tm
B. Cc hp cht peptit km bn trong mi trng baz nhng bn trong mi trng axit
C. Trong mt phn t tetrapeptit mch h c 4 lin kt peptit
D. Amino axit l hp cht c tnh lng tnh
Cu 100: Ch ra ni dung sai khi ni v phn t glucozo
A. C 5 nhm hidroxyl B. C mt nhm chc andehit
C. Mch cacbon phn nhnh D. Cng thc phn t C6H12O6
Cu 101: Trong phn t ca cacbohidrat lun c
A. Nhm chc andehit B. Nhm chc axit C. Nhm chc ancol D. Nhm chc xeton
Cu 102: Mun c 2631,5g glucozo th khi lng saccarozo cn em thy phn l:
A. 4486,58g B. 4486,85g C. 4468,85g D. 4999,85g
Cu 103: Cht no c nhit si thp nht?
A. C3H7COOH B. C4H9OH C. C6H5OH D. CH3COOC2H5
----------- HT ----------
100
P N
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A C D D C C B C B B C D B B B C C C B A
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
B A D B D A A D D D A A D B C A D D B B
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
C C B A A D A C C C D A C D B C A D B D
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
C D C D A A C C C B B D C B C D A B D C
10
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 0
D D C C A B B A C D A C B C A C C B D C
10 10
1 2 103
C D D
101
KIM TRA GIA K I
Thi gian lm bi:60 pht
M 357
Cu 1: Tnh cht c trng ca saccaroz: (1) Polisaccarit; (2) Tinh th mu trng; (3)Khi
thu phn to glucoz v fructoz; (4)Tham gia phn ng trng bc; (5) phn ng vi ng
(II) hidroxit. Nhng tnh cht no ng:
A. 2,3,5 B. 3,4,5 C. 1,2,3,5 D. 1,2,4,5
Cu 2: Cho peptit X c CTCT nh sau:H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-
CH(CH3)-COOH. em thy phn peptit X thu c my aminoaxit?
A. 3 B. 2
C. 1 D. 4
Cu 3: T du thc vt lm th no c c b?
A. Hiro ho axit bo. B. ehiro ho cht bo lng
C. Hiro ho cht bo lng D. X phng ho cht bo lng
Cu 4: X phng ho hon ton 89 g cht bo X bng dung dch KOH thu c 9,2 g
glyxerol v m (g) x phng. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 80,6 B. 85,4 C. 91,8 D. 96,6
Cu 5: Xenluloz trinitrat l cht d chy v n mnh, c iu ch t Xenluloz v axit
nitric. Tnh th tch axit nitric 65% (d= 1,52g/ml) cn sn xut 59,4 kg Xenluloz trinitrat
vi hiu sut 90%.
A. 58,13 lit B. 46, 221 lit C. 38,259 lit D. 42,510 lit
Cu 6: un nng dung dch cha 27 g glucoz vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 th khi lng Ag
thu c ti a l:
A. 10,8g B. 16,2g C. 21,6g D. 32,4g
Cu 7: Tinh bt v xenluloz l:
A. polisaccarit B. monosaccarit C. isaccarit D. ieste
Cu 8: Chn s phn ng ng ca glucoz
men

A. C6H12O6 CH3CH(OH)COOH
men

B. C6H12O6 C2H5OH + O2

C. C6H12O6 + Cu(OH)2 Dung dch mu xanh

D. C6H12O6 + CuO Dung dch mu tm
Cu 9: S ng phn amin bc hai ng vi cng thc phn t C4H11N l:
A. 5 B. 2
C. 3 D. 4
Cu 10: Cho dd qu tm vo 2 dd sau: (X) H 2N-CH2-COOH; (Y) HOOC-CH(NH2)-CH2-
COOH. Hin tng xy ra?
A. X lm qu chuyn xanh, Y ha . B. X v Y khng i mu qu tm.
C. X khng i mu, Y ha . D. X, Y lm qu ha
Cu 11: Fructoz phn ng vi nhng cht no di y: (1) Cu(OH) 2; (2) Thu phn vi
H2O ; (3) Dung dch Brom; (4) H2/Ni, t0.
A. (1),(2),(3) B. (2),(4) C. (1),(4) D. (1),(3)
Cu 12: un 12 gam axit axetic vi 1 lung d ancol etylic ( c H 2SO4 c lm xc tc).
n khi phn ng dng li thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l bao
nhiu?
A. 70% B. 62,5% C. 75% D. 50%
102
Cu 13: Este C4H8O2 tham gia phn ng trng bc c th c tn sau:
A. Etyl fomiat B. isopropyl fomiat C. n-propyl axetat D. etylaxetat
Cu 14: chng minh aminoaxit l hp cht lng tnh, ta c th dng phn ng ca cht
ny vi:
A. dung dch KOH v CuO B. dung dch HCl v dung dch Na2SO4
C. dung dch NaOH v dung dch NH3 D. dung dch KOH v dung dch HCl
Cu 15: Cho cc cht: X: glucoz; Y: saccaroz; Z: tinh bt; T: glixerin; H: xenluloz.
Nhng cht b thy phn l:
A. X, Z, H B. Y, Z, H C. X, T, Y D. Y, T, H
Cu 16: X phng ho 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1 M. Sau khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l:
A. 12,2 gam B. 4 gam C. 8,56 gam D. 8,2 gam
Cu 17: Glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic, ton b kh sinh ra c cho ht vo dung dch
Ca(OH)2 d tch ra 40 gam kt ta, bit hiu sut ln men t 75%. Lng glucoz cn
dng l:
A. 48g B. 24g C. 50g D. 40g
Cu 18: Bit X l 1 aminoaxit. Khi cho 0,01 mol X tc dng va vi 80 ml dung dch
HCl 0,125M v thu c 1,835 gam mui khan. Mt khc khi cho 0,01 mol X tc dng vi
dung dch NaOH th cn 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X?
A. C3H6(NH2)COOH
B. C2H4(NH2) (COOH)2
C. C3H5(NH2)(COOH)2
D. C3H5(NH2)2COOH
Cu 19: Cho 0,01 mol mt aminoaxit X tc dng va vi 40ml dung dch NaOH 0,25M.
Mt khc, 1,5 gam X tc dng va vi 40ml dung dch KOH 0,5M. Tn gi ca X l
A. alanin. B. axit glutamic.
C. lysin. D. glyxin.
Cu 20: Cht no sau y c th tc dng vi Cu(OH) 2: (1) Glucoz; (2) Saccaroz; (3)
Glixerol; (4) axit axetic
A. 1, 2, 3, 4 B. 1,3 C. 1, 2, 3 D. 1, 2
Cu 21: Khi lng trung bnh ca xenluloz trong si bng l 1749600 vc. S gc
glucoz c trong loi xenluloz nu trn l:
A. 10780 B. 10800 C. 10850 D. 10900
A. C lin kt peptit m phn t c trn 50 gc - amino axit khc nhau
B. C lin kt peptit m phn t c 2-50 gc amino axit
C. Phn t cha t 2-50 gc - amino axit lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt peptit
D. C lin kt peptit m phn t c trn 50 gc amino axit ging nhau
Cu 23: _
A. CH4, CH3COOH B. C2H5Cl, CH3COOH
C. CH3COOH, CH3COONa D. C2H5OH, CH3COOH
Cu 24: C bao nhiu tripeptit m phn t cha 3 gc amino axit khc nhau?
A. 6 cht B. 3 cht
C. 5 cht D. 4 cht
Cu 25: Este X ( C4H8O2) tho mn cc iu kin:

H 2O ,H
X Y1 + Y2
O2 , xt

Y1 Y2
X c tn l:
103
A. Isopropyl fomiat B. Metyl propionat C. n-propyl fomiat D. Etyl axetat
Cu 26: Dy cc cht u tc dng c vi alanin l:
A. HBr; KOH; Al2O3; Cu
B. HBr; KOH; CH3OH; K2SO4
C. HCl; NaOH; H2SO4, CaCO3
D. HCl; NaOH; Cu(OH)2; NaCl
Cu 27: Khi x phng ho tripanmitin bng dung dch NaOH thu c sn phm l:
A. C15H31COONa v glyxerol B. C17H33COONa v glyxerol
C. C17H31COONa v glyxerol D. C17H35COONa v glyxerol
Cu 28: Cho cc cht: C2H5NH2 (1), (C2H5)2NH (2), C6H5NH2 (3), NH3(4). Th t tng dn
tnh baz l ?
A. (3)<(2)<(1)<(4) B. (3)<(4)<(1)<(2)
C. (2)<(3)<(4)<(1) D. (4)<3)<(2)<(1)
Cu 29: Polipeptit (-NH-CH2-CO-)n l sn phm ca phn ng trng ngng
A. axit amino axetic B. axit glutamic C. axit -amino propionic D. alanin
Cu 30: Cho glixerol phn ng vi hn hp axit bo gm C 17H35COOH v C15H31COOH, s
loi tries c to ra ti a l:
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
A. Khi cho Cu(OH)2 v lng trng trng thy xut hin mu tm xanh.
B. Phn t cc protit gm cc mch di polipeptit to nn.
C. Trong phn t peptit mch h cha n gc -amino axit, s lin kt peptit bng n 1.
D. Protit rt t tan trong nc v d tan khi un nng.
Cu 32: Sp xp cc cht sau theo th t tng dn nhit si: CH 3COOH (1), C2H5OH (2),
HCOOCH3 (3), C2H6 (4)
A. (3), (1), (2), (4) B. (2), (3), (1), (4) C. (4), (2), (3), (1) D. (4), (3), (2), (1)
Cu 33: Cho cc cht lng sau: axit glutamic, glixerol, triolein. phn bit cc cht lng
trn, c th ch cn dng:
A. nc v qu tm B. nc brom C. dd NaOH D. nc v dd
AgNO3
Cu 34: Khi t chy hon ton mt amin n chc X, thu c 16,80 lit CO 2, 2,80 lit
N2 ( cc kh o ktc) v 20,25g H2O. CTPT ca X l:
A. C3H7N B. C2H7N
C. C4H9N D. C3H9N
Cu 35: Saccaroz c th tc dng vi ho cht no sau y: (1) Cu(OH) 2 , (2) AgNO3-
/NH3 , (3) H2/Ni, t0 , (4) H2SO4long, nng.
A. (1),(2), (3) B. (1),(2) C. (1),(4) D. (1),(3)
Cu 36: Thu phn 0,1 mol saccarozo trong mi trng axit, sn phm thu c tin hnh
trng gng th khi lng bc ti a thu c l:
A. 43,2 g B. 21,6g C. 10,8 g D. 12,5 g
Cu 37: D kin thc nghim no sau y khng dng chng minh c cu to ca
glucoz dng mch h:
A. Kh hon ton glucoz cho hexan
B. Khi c xc tc enzim, dung dch glucoz ln men to ru etylic
C. Glucoz cho phn ng trng bc
D. Glucoz to este cha 5 gc axit CH3COO-
Cu 38: C4H8O2 c bao nhiu ng phn tc dng vi dung dch NaOH?
A. 3 B. 6 C. 5 D. 4
104
Cu 39: Cho 45g hn hp gm 3 amin no n chc tc dng va vi dung dch HCl 1M,
c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 61,425g mui. Th tch dung dch HCl cn dng l:
A. 45ml B. 450ml
C. 300ml D. 30ml
Cu 40: t chy hon ton 1,1 g este X thu c 1,12 lit CO2 (ktc) v 0,9 g nc. Nu
cho 4,4 g X tc dng va vi 50ml dung dch NaOH 1M th thu c 4,1 g mui. CTCT
ca X l:
A. HCOOC3H7 B. CH3COOC2H5 C. HCOOC2H5 D. C2H5COOCH3
-----------------------------------------------
----------- HT ----------
KIM TRA GIA K I
Thi gian lm bi:60 pht
M THI 358
Cu 1: Cho dy cc cht: C6H5NH2 (anilin), H2NCH2COOH, CH3CH2COOH,
CH3CH2CH2NH2, C6H5OH (phenol). S cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l
A. 4. B. 2. C. 5. D. 3.
Cu 2: Phn ng thy phn este trong dung dch kim (NaOH) cn gi l:
A. phn ng x phng ha B. phn ng este ha
C. phn ng thy phn ha D. phn ng oxi ha
Cu 3: Cho 2,5kg glucoz cha 20% tp cht ln men thnh ru.Tnh th tch ru 40 0 thu
c bit ru nguyn cht c D=0,8g/ml v trong qu trnh ch bin, ru b hao ht 10%
A. 3,1944 Lit B. 2,785 lit C. 2,300Lit D. 2,875Lit
Cu 4: Lm bay hi 3,7 gam este n chim th tch bng th tch ca 1,6 gam O 2 trong cng
iu kin. Este trn c s ng phn l:
A. 2 B. 4 C. 3 D. 1
Cu 5: Khi thu phn tinh bt ta thu c sn phm cui cng l:
A. glixerol B. saccaroz C. glucoz D. fructoz
Cu 6: Thu phn 1 Kg go cha 75% tinh bt trong mi trng axit. Bit hiu sut phn
ng t 80% th lng glucoz thu c l:
A. 222,2 g B. 666,7 g C. 1041,7 g D. 888,6 g
Cu 7: Cho 0.01 mol este hu c mch h X phn ng va vi 0.03 mol KOH. X thuc
lai este:
A. Ba chc B. Khng xc nh C. Hai chc D. n chc
Cu 8: Khi cho mt cht bo tc dng vi kim s thu c glixerol v:
A. Ba mui ca axit bo B. Hai mui ca axit bo
C. Mt hn hp mui ca axit bo. D. Mt mui ca axit bo
Cu 9: un nng cht bo cn va 40 kg dung dch NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra
hon ton. Khi lng (kg) glixerol thu c l
A. 4,6 B. 6,975 C. 13,8 D. 9,2
Cu 10: Este c CTPT C2H4O2 c tn gi no sau y:
A. metyl fomat B. metyl propionat C. metyl axetat D. etyl fomat
Cu 11: Hp cht ng chim thnh phn ch yu trong mt ong l:
A. saccaroz B. glixerol C. fructoz D. Glucoz
A. 5. B. 2. C. 4. D. 3.
Cu 13: Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to sau y:
105
A. (1), (2), (4), (6), (7) B. (1), (2), (3), (5), (7)
C. (1), (2), (3), (6), (7) D. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6)
Cu 14: Thy phn 0,1 mol este CH3COOC6H5 cn dng bao nhiu mol NaOH
A. 0,4 mol. B. 0,3 mol C. 0,1 mol D. 0,2 mol
Cu 15: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht CH3CH2NHCH3 ?
A. Propan-2-amin. B. Isopropylamin.
C. N-metyletanamin. D. N,N-etylmetylamin.
Cu 16: T 1,62 tn Xenluloz sn xut c bao nhiu tn xenluloz trinitrat, nu qu
trnh sn xut b hao ht 12%.
A. 3,613 tn B. 2,613 tn C. 2,546 tn D. 2,975 tn
Cu17:Cho cc pht biu sau:
b/ Cc este khng tan trong nc v ni ln trn mt nc do chng khng to c lin kt
hidro vi nc v nh hn nc
Nhng pht biu ng l:
A. b, c, d B. a, b, d C. a, b, c, d D. a, b, c
A. 1, 2 B. 1, 2, 3 C. 1,3 D. 1, 2, 3, 4
Cu 19: Saccaroz v glucoz u c:
A. Phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3, un nng.
B. Phn ng vi dung dch NaCl
C. Phn ng thu phn trong mi trng axit
D. Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng to dung dch xanh lam
A. Axit glutamic (HOOCCH2CHNH2COOH) B. Natriphenolat (C6H5ONa)
C. Glixin (CH2NH2-COOH) D. Lizin (H2NCH2-[CH2]3CH(NH2)-
COOH)
Cu 21: Este no sau y sau khi thy phn trong mi trng kim (dd NaOH), thu c
hn hp sn phm gm 2 cht u tham gia phn ng trng gng vi dd AgNO3/NH3
A. CH3COOCH2CH3 B. HCOOCH=CH-CH3
C. HCOOCH2CH=CH2. D. HCOOCH2CH3
B. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit khc nhau.
C. c 2 lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc -amino axit.
D. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit ging nhau.
Cu 23: Cng thc cu to thu gn ca xenluloz l:
A. [C6H7O2(OH)3]n B. [C6H7O3(OH)3]n C. [C6H5O2(OH)3]n D. [C6H8O2(OH)3]n
Cu 25: Thu phn 0,1 mol saccarozo trong mi trng axit, sn phm thu c tin hnh
trng gng th khi lng bc ti a thu c l:
A. 12,5 g B. 21,6g C. 43,2 g D. 10,8 g
Cu 26: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ?
A. Amin c tnh baz do trn N c c p e cha tham gia lin kt.
B. Tnh baz ca cc amin u mnh hn NH3.
106
C. Cc amin u c tnh baz.
D. Anilin c tnh baz rt yu nn khng lm i mu qu tm.
Cu 27: X phng ho hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. C cn
dung dch sau phn ng thu c khi lng x phng l:
Cu 28: CTPT tng qut ca cacbohidrat l
A. Cm(H2O)m B. Cn(H2O)m C. CnH2nOn D. (CH2O)m
Cu 29: Cht no l monosaccarit
A. glucoz B. Tinh bt C. Xenluloz D. saccaroz
Cu 30: Khi t chy hon ton 4,4 gam cht hu c X n chc thu c sn phm chy
ch gm 4,48 lit CO2 ( ktc) v 3,6 gam H 2O. Nu cho 4,4 gam cht X tc dng vi dung
dch NaOH va n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 4,8 gam mui ca axit hu c Y
v cht hu c Z.Tn ca X l:
A. Etyl propionat B. etyl axetat C. isopropyl axetat D. Metyl propionat
Cu 31: Khi thy phn tripeptit H2N CH(CH3)CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH s to ra
cc amino axit
A. H2NCH2CH(CH3)COOH v H2NCH2COOH.
B. H2NCH2COOH v CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
C. CH3CH(NH2)CH2COOH v H2NCH2COOH.
D. H2NCH(CH3)COOH v H2NCH(NH2)COOH.
Cu 32: Cho cc hp cht hu c sau: C 6H5NH2 (1); C2H5NH2 (2); (C2H5)2NH (3); NaOH
(4); NH3 (5); CH3NH2 (6); C2H5OH (7). mnh ca cc baz c sp xp theo th t
tng dn l:
A. 7 < 5 < 6 < 1 < 3 < 2 < 4. B. 7 < 1 <5 < 6 < 2 < 3 < 4.
C. 7 < 5 < 6 < 2 < 1 < 3 < 4. D. 4 < 5 < 6 < 1 < 2 < 3 < 7.
Cu 33: un nng dung dch cha 27g glucoz vi ddch AgNO3/NH3 d th khi lng Ag
thu c ti a l:
A. 10,8g B. 21,6g C. 32,4g D. 16,2g
Cu 34: Cho s chuyn ho
(X ) H2O,as tinh bt H2O,H + ( Y) ln men ancol etylic
(X),(Y) ln lt l
A. kh cacbonic,glucoz B. xenluloz,saccaroz
C. glucoz,saccaroz D. saccaroz,glucoz
Cu 35: Cho glixerol phn ng vi hn hp axit bo gm C 17H35COOH v C15H31COOH, s
loi trieste c to ra ti a l:
A. 6. B. 5. C. 3. D. 4.
Cu 36: ng phn ca glucoz l:
A. saccaroz B. xenluloz C. glixerol D. fructoz
Ca(OH)2 d tch ra 40 gam kt ta, bit hiu sut ln men t 75%. Lng glucoz cn
dng l:
A. 40g B. 24g C. 50g D. 48g
Cu 38: un nng este CH3COOCH=CH2 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn
phm thu c l
A. CH3COONa v CH3CHO. B. CH2=CHCOONa v CH3OH.
C. C2H5COONa v CH3OH. D. CH3COONa v CH2=CHOH.
Cu 39: C cc cht: lng trng trng (anbumin), dd glucoz, dd anilin, dd anehit axetic.
Nhn bit chng bng thuc th no?
A. ddAgNO3/NH3. B. HNO3 c. C. dd Br2. D. Cu(OH)2/OH-.
107
A. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit monocacboxylic c mch cacbon di, khng
phn nhnh.
B. Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng kim l phn ng thun nghch.
C. Cht bo cha ch yu cc gc khng no ca axit cacboxylic, thng l cht lng nhit
phng v c gi l du.
D. Cht bo cha ch yu cc gc no ca axit cacboxylic, thng l cht rn nhit
phng.
-----------------------------------------------
----------- HT ----------
M : 357
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A
B
C
D
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
A
B
C
D
M : 358
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A
B
C
D
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
A
B
C
D
PH LC 3
CNG N TP HC K I
Cu 1: Cho (m)g anilin tc dng vi dung dch HCl c d. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu
c 15,54g mui khan. Hiu sut ca phn ng t 80% th gi tr ca m l:
A. 12,5g B. 8,928g C. 11,16g D. 13,95g
Cu 2: Nhm c cha dung dch (hoc cht) khng lm giy qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh l:
A. NaOH, CH3NH2 B. NH3, anilin C. NH3, CH3-NH2 D. NaOH, NH3
Cu 3: C mt s hp cht sau: (1) etilen, (2) vinyl clorua, (3) axit aipic, (4) phenol, (5)
acrilonitrin, (6) buta - 1,3 - ien. Nhng cht no c th tham gia phn ng trng hp:
A. (1), (2), (3), (4) B. (2), (3), (4), (5) C. (1), (4), (5), (6) D. (1), (2), (5), (6)
1 Fructoz v glucoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc;
108
2 Saccaroz v tinh bt u khng b thy phn khi c axit H2SO4 (long) lm xc tc;
3 Tinh bt c to thnh trong cy xanh nh qu trnh quang hp;
4 Xenluloz v saccaroz u thuc loi disaccarit;
Pht biu ng l
A. (1) v (2). B. (2) v (4). C. (1) v (3). D. (3) v (4).
Cu 5: Thuc th no di y dng phn bit cc dung dch glucoz, glixerol, etanol v lng
trng trng?
A. NaOH. B. Cu(OH)2. C. HNO3. D. AgNO3/NH3.
Cu 6: Cht no sau y va tc dng c vi H2NCH2COOH, va tc dng c vi CH3NH2?
A. NaCl. B. HCl. C. CH3OH. D. NaOH.
Cu 7: kh hon ton 45 gam hn hp gm CuO, FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe v MgO cn dng va 8,4
lt CO (ktc). Khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng l:
A. 42g B. 38g
C. 24g D. 39g
Cu 8: Cht rn khng mu, d tan trong nc, kt tinh iu kin thng l
A. CH3NH2. B. H2NCH2COOH. C. C6H5NH2. D. C2H5OH.
Cu 9: Chn cch sp xp theo chiu gim dn nhit si ca cc cht sau: (1) C4H9OH ; (2)
C2H5COOH ;
(3) CH3COOCH3
A. (2) > (1) > (3) B. (3) > (2) > (1) C. (3) > (1) > (2) D. (1) > (2) > (3)
Cu 10: Cho cc hp cht: (1)CH2=CH-COOCH3; (2)HCHO; (3)HO-(CH2)6-COOH; (4)C6H5OH;
(5) HOOC-(CH2)-COOH; (6) C6H5-CH=CH2 ; (7) H2N-(CH2)6-NH2.
Nhng cht no c th tham gia phn ng trng ngng?
A. 1, 2, 6 B. 5, 7 C. 3, 5, 7 D. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
Cu 11: Cho 13g kim loi R ho tr II tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO 3 long thu c 4g kh
NO duy nht. Kim loi R l:
A. Zn B. Mg C. Fe D. Cu
Cu 12: Hai kim loi thng c iu ch bng cch in phn mui clorua nng chy l
A. Mg, Na. B. Zn, Na. C. Zn, Cu. D. Cu, Mg.
Cu 13: Trong s cc loi t sau: t tm, t visco, t nilon - 6,6, t axetat, t capron, t enang,
nhng loi t no thuc loi t nhn to?
A. T visco v t axetat B. T tm v t enang
C. T nilon - 6,6 v t capron D. T visco v t nilon - 6,6
A. 1,44 gam B. 22,5 gam C. Mt kt qu khc D. 1,82 gam
A. ete. B. benzen. C. etanol. D. nc Svayde.
Cu 16: Cho 0,1 mol aminoaxit A phn ng va vi 100ml dung dch HCl 2M. Mt khc 18(g)
A cng phn ng va vi 150ml dung dch HCl 2M. A c khi lng phn t l:
A. 120 B. 90 C. 60 D. 80
Cu 17: Hp cht no sau y thuc loi tripeptit ?
A. H2N-CH2CONH-CH(CH3)-COOH. B. H2N- CH2CH2CONH-CH2CH2COOH.
C. H2N-CH2CH2CONH-CH2COOH. D. H2N-CH2CONH-CH2CONH-CH2COOH.
A. Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz. B. Tinh bt, xenluloz, glucoz.
C. Tinh bt, xenluloz, fructoz. D. Tinh bt, saccaroz, fructoz
A. 30. B. 42. C. 10. D. 21.
Cu 20: t chy hon ton hn hp X gm 2 este no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng
thu c 1,8 gam nc v V lt CO2 (kc). Gi tr ca V l:
A. 2,24 B. 3,36 C. 4,48 D. 6,72
109
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 22: S ph hu kim loi hay hp kim do kim loi tc dng trc tip vi cc cht oxi ho trong
mi trng c gi l
A. s kh kim loi. B. s tc dng ca kim loi vi nc.
C. s n mn ho hc. D. s n mn in ho hc.
Cu 23: chng minh trong phn t glucoz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl, ngi ta cho dung dch
glucoz phn ng vi
A. AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un nng. B. Cu(OH)2 , un nng.
C. Cu(OH)2 nhit thng. D. natri hiroxit.
Cu 24: Trung ha 3,1g amin no n chc tc dng va 100ml dd HCl 1M. Cng thc ca amin
l:
A. C4H9NH2 B. C2H5NH2 C. CH3NH2 D. C3H7NH2
Cu 25: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H8O2 c phn ng trng gng vi dd AgNO3 trong
NH3 Cng thc cu to ca este l cng thc no?
A. C2H5COOCH3 B. HCOOC2H5 C. HCOOC3H7 D. CH3COOCH3
Cu 26: Phn ng este ha gia ru etylic v axit fomic to thnh sn phm c tn gi l g?
A. Axetyl etylat B. Metyl axetat C. Etyl fomiat D. Etyl axetat
A. Mg v Zn. B. Na v Cu.
C. Ca v Fe. D. Fe v Cu.
Cu 28: Khi thy phn bt k cht bo no cng thu c:
A. axit panmitic B. axit oleic C. glixerol D. axit stearic
Cu 29: Dy no sau y ch gm cc cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng
c vi dung dch AgNO3 ?
A. Hg, Na, Ca B. Zn, Cu, Mg C. Fe, Ni, Sn D. Al, Fe, CuO
A. Glucoz v fructoz l 2 cht ng phn ca nhau.
B. Glucoz v fructoz u tham gia phn ng cng H2(Ni/t0).
D. Glucoz v fructoz u lm mt mu nc brom.
sut ca phn ng ny l 75 %. Khi lng ca metyl axetat em thy phn l bao nhiu?
A. 9,87 gam B. 9,25 gam C. 5,92 gam D. 11 gam
HCOOCH3 (3), C2H6 (4)
A. (4), (2), (3), (1) B. (2), (3), (1), (4) C. (3), (1), (2), (4) D. (4), (3), (2), (1)
A. PE. B. PVA. C. PP. D. PVC
Cu 34: X phng ho 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l:
Cu 35: Trong cc cht di y, cht no l ipeptit?
A. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH
B. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-COOH.
C. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH
D. H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH.
Cu 36: Khi x phng ho tristearin bng dung dch NaOH thu c sn phm l:
110
Cu 37: t chy hon ton 0,02 mol hn hp 2 amino axit no X, Y l ng ng k tip nhau,
mi cht u cha 1 nhm (NH2) v 1 nhm (-COOH), thu c 1,568 lt CO 2 (ktc). CTPT ca X,
Y ln lt l:
A. C2H5NO2 v C3H7NO2. B. CH3NO2 v C2H7NO2.
Cu 38: Cho cc ion kim loi Zn2+, Sn2+, Ni2+, Fe2+, Pb2+. Th t tnh oxi ho gim dn l
A. Sn2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+ > Pb2+ > Fe2+. B. Pb2+ > Sn2+ > Fe2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+.
C. Zn2+ > Fe2+ > Ni2+ > Sn2+ > Pb2+. D. Pb2+ > Sn2+ > Ni2+ > Fe2+ > Zn2+.
Cu 39: C 3 ha cht sau y: Etylamin, phenylamin, amoniac. Th t tng dn lc baz c
xp theo dy
A. amoniac < etylamin < phenylamin .
B. etylamin < amoniac < phenylamin .
C. phenylamin< amoniac<Etylamin
D. Etylamin < phenylamin <amoniac
Ca(OH)2 d tch ra 40 gam kt ta, bit hiu sut ln men t 75%. Lng glucoz cn dng l:
A. 40g B. 50g C. 48g D. 24g
Cu 41: T nguyn liu g cha 50% xenluloz, ngi ta iu ch c ancol etylic vi hiu sut
81%. Tnh khi lng g cn thit iu ch c 1000 lt cn 920 (bit ancol nguyn cht c D =
0,8 g/ml).
A. 1600kg B. 3200kg C. 1296kg D. Mt kt qu khc
Cu 42: Pht biu khng ng l:
A. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 cng dy ng ng vi CH2=CHCOOCH3
B. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 l este
C. HCOOCH=CH2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c anehit v mui.
D. HCOOCH=CH2 tc dng c vi dung dch Br2
Cu 43: Pht biu no di y v protein l khng ng?
A. Protein l nhng polipeptit cao phn t (phn t khi t vi chc ngn n vi triu vC)
B. Protein phc tp l nhng protein c to thnh t protein n gin v lipit, gluxit, axit
nucleic,..
C. Protein n gin l nhng protein c to thnh ch t cc gc - v -amino axit
D. Protein c vai tr l nn tng v cu trc v chc nng ca mi s sng
n CO2 : n H2O 1:1
Cu 44: Khi t chy mt loi polime ch thu c kh CO 2 v hi H2O vi t l .
Vy, polime trn thuc loi no trong s cc polime sau ?
A. poli propilen. B. poli(vinyl clorua). C. tinh bt. D. cao su thin
nhin.
Cu 45: Tnh khi lng kt ta Ag hnh thnh khi tin hnh trng gng hon ton dung dch cha
18 gam glucoz?
A. 216 gam B. 10,80 gam C. 2,16 gam D. Mt kt qu khc
Cu 46: X l mt amino axit no ch cha 1 nhm NH 2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho X tc dng
va vi 100ml dd HCl 1M, thu c 12,55g mui. CTCT ca X l:
A. H2N-CH2-COOH. B. Khng p n no ng
C. C2H5-CH(NH2)-COOH D. H2N- CH2-CH2-COOH.
Cu 47: Aminoaxit l nhng hp cht hu c tp chc, trong phn t cha ng thi hai nhm
chc l:
A. Cacboxyl v amino B. Cacbonyl v amino
C. Hiroxyl v amino D. Cacboxyl v hiroxyl
Cu 48: Trong cc loi t di y, t nhn to l
A. t visco. B. t capron. C. t nilon -6,6. D. t tm.
Cu 49: C 5 dd cha: CH3COOH, glixerol, dd glucoz, h tinh bt, lng trng trng. S cht tc
dng vi Cu(OH)2 l:
111
A. hai cht. B. bn cht. C. nm cht. D. ba cht
Cu 50: Cho 0,1 mol A (aminoaxit dng H 2NRCOOH) phn ng ht vi HCl to 11,15 gam
mui. A l cht no di y?
A. Anilin B. Valin C. Glixin D. Alanin
A. 6 B. 3 C. 5 D. 4
Cu 52: Thu phn hon ton 0,1 mol saccaroz trong mi trng axit, ton b sn phm thu c
tin hnh trng gng th khi lng bc ti a thu c l:
A. 21,6g B. 43,2 g C. 10,8 g D. 12,5 g
Cu 53: T nilon -6,6 thuc loi:
A. t thin nhin B. t tng hp C. t nhn to D. t bn tng hp
Cu 54: Dy cc kim loi u phn ng vi H2O nhit thng l:
A. Fe, Zn, Li, Sn B. Cu, Pb, Rb, Ag C. K, Na, Ca, Ba D. Al, Hg, Cs, Sr
Cu 55: Polivinyl clorua c cng thc l:
A. (-CH2-CHCl-)2. B. (-CH2-CHBr-)n. C. (-CH2-CH2-)n. D. (-CH2-CHF-)n.
Cu 56: Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Na (Z =11) l
A. 1s22s2 2p7. B. 1s22s2 2p5 3s2. C. 1s22s22p63s1. D. 1s22s22p6 3p1.
Cu 57: Cp cht no sau y khng phi l ng phn ca nhau?
A. Glucoz v fructoz B. Saccaroz v xenluloz
C. Ancol etylic v imetyl ete D. 2-metylpropan-1-ol v butan-2-ol
Cu 58: T glyxin (Gly) v Valin (Val) c th to ra ti a my cht ipeptit?
A. 3 cht B. 4 cht C. 2 cht D. 1 cht
Cu 59: Cho 0,96 g ng kim loi tc dng ht vi ddHNO 3 c. Th tch kh NO2 sinh ra iu
kin chun l:
A. 0,015 B. 0,03 C. 0,336 D. 0,672
Cu 60: Khi hiro ho hon ton mt mol olein (glixerol trioleat) nh Ni xc tc thu c mt mol
stearin (glixerol tristearat) phi cn bao nhiu mol H2 ?
A. 2 B. 1 C. 4 D. 3
Cu 61: Cho dy cc cht : anehit axetic, axetilen, glucoz, axit fomic, metyl axetat. S cht trong
dy c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc l
A. 3. B. 5 C. 4 D. 2
A. C15H31COOH v glixerol. B. C15H31COONa v etanol.
C. C17H35COOH v glixerol. D. C17H35COONa v glixerol.
Cu 63: Khi thu phn tinh bt ta thu c sn phm cui cng l:
A. fructoz B. saccaroz C. glucoz D. glixerol
Cu 64: Cho m gam glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu xut 75%. Ton b kh CO 2 sinh
ra c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (ly d), to ra 80 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 108. B. 72. C. 54. D. 96.
Cu 65: Mnh no sau y khng ng?
A. Thu phn metyl fomat to thnh ancol metylic v axit fomic.
B. Metyl fomiat l este ca axit etanoic.
C. Metyl fomat c th tham gia phn ng trng bc.
D. Metyl fomat c CTPT l C2H4O2.
Cu 66: un nng mt lng cht bo cn va 40 kg dd NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra
hon ton. Khi lng (kg) glixerol thu c l:
A. 6,975 B. 4,6 C. 14,6 D. 0,46
Cu 67: in phn ,dng in cc tr dung dch mui sunfat kim loi ho tr II vi cng dng
in 6,032 ampe. Sau 25 pht thy khi lng catot tng 3 gam. Mui sunfat in phn l
A. CuSO4. B. FeSO4. C. NiSO4. D. ZnSO4.
Cu 68: Cu no sau y khng ng?
A. Cc amino axit u tan trong nc
B. Dung dch aminoaxit khng lm giy qu i mu.
112
C. Thy phn protein bng axit hoc kim khi un nng s cho mt hn hp cc aminoaxit
D. Phn t khi ca mt aminoaxit (gm mt chc NH2 v mt chc COOH) lun lun l s l
Cu 69: Tinh bt v xenluloz l:
A. monosaccarit B. polisaccarit C. isaccarit D. ieste
Cu 70: Cht no sau y c th tc dng vi Cu(OH) 2: (1) Glucoz; (2) Saccaroz; (3) Glixerol;
(4) axit axetic:
A. 1, 3 B. 1, 2, 3 C. 1, 2 D. 1, 2, 3, 4
(a) Chng minh glucoz c nm nhm chc OH ,bng cch cho glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 ,
un nng
(b) Trong hp cht cacbohidrat nht thit phi c nhm chc ancol.
(c) Nhng hp cht hu c c thnh phn nguyn t ging nhau, thnh phn phn t hn km
nhau mt hay nhiu nhm CH2 l ng ng ca nhau.
(d) Dung dch glucoz b kh bi AgNO3 trong NH3 to ra Ag.
(e) Saccaraz ch c cu to mch vng. S pht biu ng l
A. 3. B. 2. C. 5. D. 4.
Cu 72: Trong phn t hp cht hu c no sau y c lin kt peptit?
A. alanin B. Protein C. Glucoz D. Xenluloz
A. ng phn. B. mt ong. C. mt ma. D. ng knh.
Cu 74: Metyl Propionat l tn gi ca hp cht c cng thc cu to:
A. C2H5COOH B. C2H5COOCH3 C. C3H7COOH D. HCOOC3H7
Cu 75: Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Trong mi trng kim, ipeptit mch h tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 cho hp cht mu tm
B. Cc hp cht peptit km bn trong mi trng baz nhng bn trong mi trng axit
C. Trong mt phn t tetrapeptit mch h c 4 lin kt peptit
D. Amino axit l hp cht c tnh lng tnh
Cu 76: Loi t no sau y thng dng dt vi may qun o m hoc bn thnh si "len" dt
o rt?
A. T nilon 6 - 6 B. T capron C. T lapsan D. T nitron
Cu 77: Protein phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 to sn phm c mu c trng l:
A. mu B. mu da cam C. mu vng D. mu tm
Cu 78: Axit aminoaxetic khng tc dng vi cht no sau y?
A. ddH2SO4 long B. ddKCl C. ddHCl D. CH3OH/HCl
Cu 79: Cho 20g hh gm 3 amin n chc ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi dd HCl 1M, ri c
cn dd th thu c 31,68g hh mui. Th tch dd HCl dng l:
A. 200ml B. 320ml C. 100ml D. 150ml
Cu 80: Cho ln lt cc cht: C 6H5OH, CH3CH2Cl, CH3CH2OH, CH3COCH3, CH3COOCH3,
CH3COOH tc dng vi dd NaOH, un nng. S phn ng xy ra l
A. 4. B. 2. C. 5. D. 3.
Cu 81: Cc amino axit no c th phn ng vi tt c cc cht trong nhm no sau y:
A. Dung dch H2SO4, dung dch HNO3, CH3OC2H5, dung dch thuc tm
B. Dung dch HCl, CH3OH, Na, dung dch AgNO3/NH3
C. Dung dch NaOH, dung dch HCl, CH3OH, dung dch brom
D. Dung dch NaOH, dung dch HCl, C2H5OH, C2H5COOH
Cu 82: Trong phn t hp cht hu c no sau y c lin kt peptit?
A. Xenluloz B. Protein C. alanin D. Glucoz
Cu 83: Cho 2,1 gam hn hp X gm 2 amin, no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng phn
ng ht vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 3,925 gam hn hp mui. Cng thc ca 2 amin trong hn
hp X l
A. C3H7NH2,C4H9NH2 B. C2H5NH2,C3H7NH2
C. CH3NH2, C2H5NH2 D. C5H11NH2,C4H9NH2
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Cu 84: Trong phn t aminoaxit X c mt nhm amino v mt nhm cacboxyl. Cho 15,0 gam X
tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 19,4 gam mui
khan. Cng thc ca X l:
A. H2NCH2COOH B. H2NC4H8COOH C. H2NC2H4COOH D. H2NC3H6COOH
Cu 85: un nng dung dch cha 54 gam glucoz vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 th khi lng Ag
thu c ti a l ( Hiu sut phn ng 100%)
Cu 86: Cho 4,5g etyl amin tc dng va vi HCl. S gam mui sinh ra l:
A. 8,15g B. 4,5g C. 81,5g D. 9g
A. 6 B. 5 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 88: Cht no sau y c th tc dng vi Cu(OH) 2: (1) Glucoz; (2) Saccaroz; (3) Glixerol;
(4) axit axetic
A. 1, 2 B. 1,3 C. 1, 2, 3 D. 1, 2, 3, 4
A. mu da cam B. mu tm C. mu D. mu vng
A. C lin kt peptit m phn t c trn 50 gc - amino axit khc nhau
B. C lin kt peptit m phn t c trn 50 gc amino axit ging nhau
C. C lin kt peptit m phn t c 2-50 gc amino axit
D. Phn t cha t 2-50 gc - amino axit lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt peptit
Cu 91: Cho 2,1 gam hn hp X gm 2 amin, no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng phn
ng ht vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 3,925 gam hn hp mui. Cng thc ca 2 amin trong hn
hp X l:
A. C5H11NH2,C4H9NH2 B. C2H5NH2,C3H7NH2
C. C3H7NH2,C4H9NH2 D. CH3NH2, C2H5NH2
Cu 92: Polime dng ch to thu tinh hu c (plexiglas) c iu ch bng phn ng trng
hp:
A. CH3COOCH=CH2 B. CH2 =CHCOOCH3
C. C6H5CH=CH2 D. CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3
Cu 93: Cng thc cu to thu gn ca xenluloz l:
A. [C6H7O2(OH)3]n B. [C6H7O3(OH)3]n C. [C6H5O2(OH)3]n D. [C6H8O2(OH)3]n
Cu 94: Cho cc cht lng sau: axit axetic, glixerol, triolein. phn bit cc cht lng trn, c th
ch cn dng:
A. dd NaOH B. nc brom C. nc v dd AgNO3 D. nc v qu tm
sut ca phn ng ny l 75 %. Khi lng ca metyl axetat em thy phn l bao nhiu:
A. 9,25 gam B. 5,92 gam C. 11 gam D. 9,87 gam
Cu 96: kh hon ton 45 gam hn hp gm CuO, FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe v MgO cn dng va
8,96 lt CO (ktc). Khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng l:
A. 45g B. 56,2g C. 38,6 g D. 39 g
Cu 97: X l mt amino axit no, ch cha 1 nhm NH 2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho X tc dng
vi 100ml dd NaOH 1M, thu c 11,1 g mui. CTCT ca X l:
A. C2H5-CH(NH2)-COOH B. H2N-CH2-COOH.
C. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. D. H2N- CH2-CH2-COOH.
Cu 98: H s trng hp ca poli(etylen) l bao nhiu nu trung bnh mt phn t polime c khi
lng khong 120 000 vC?
A. 4286 B. 4281 C. 4280 D. 4627
A. Cu(OH)2/OH- B. Dung dch HCl C. Dung dch NaCl D. Dung dch
NaOH
Cu 100: D kin thc nghim no sau y khng dng chng minh c cu to ca glucoz
dng mch h:
114
A. Kh hon ton glucoz cho hexan
B. Khi c xc tc enzim, dung dch glucoz ln men to ru etylic
C. Glucoz cho phn ng trng bc
D. Glucoz to este cha 5 gc axit CH3COO-
Cu 101: Xenluloz trinitrat l cht d chy v n mnh, c iu ch t Xenluloz v axit nitric.
Tnh th tch axit nitric 65% (d= 1,52g/ml) cn sn xut 59,4 kg Xenluloz trinitrat vi hiu sut
90%.
A. 42,510 lit B. 38,259 lit C. 4, 2510 lit D. 46, 221 lit
Cu 102: Cho dy cc cht: HCHO, CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5, HCOOH, C2H5OH,
HCOOCH3. S cht trong dy tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. 3. B. 6. C. 4. D. 5.
Cu 103: c im cu to ca cc phn t nh (monome) tham gia phn ng trng hp l:
A. phi l anken hoc ankaien
B. phi c lin kt bi hoc vng km bn c th m ra
C. phi l hirocacbon
D. phi c 2 nhm chc tr ln
Cu 104: Pht biu no sau y l khng ng?
A. Du n v m bi trn c cng thnh phn nguyn t
B. Cht bo lng c thnh phn axt bo ch yu l axt bo cha no
C. Cht bo khng tan trong nc, nh hn nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c
D. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol v cc axit monocacboxylic mch cacbon di, khng phn nhnh
Cu 105: un 12g axit axetic vi lng d ancol etylic, iu kin v xc tc thch hp. n khi
phn ng dng li thu c 11g este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ha l bao nhiu?
A. 65.2% B. 60,25% C. Mt kt qu khc D. 62 %
HCOOCH3 (3), C2H6 (4)
A. (3), (1), (2), (4) B. (2), (3), (1), (4) C. (4), (3), (2), (1) D. (4), (2), (3), (1)
Cu 107: Cho 10 gam mt aminoaxit ch cha mt chc axit tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch
NaOH 1 M, sau phn ng khi lng mui thu c l:
A. 19,4 gam B. 14 gam C. 12,2 gam D. 19,6 gam
Cu 108: Cho lung kh H2 (d) qua hn hp cc oxit CuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, MgO nung nhit cao.
Sau phn ng hn hp rn cn li l:
A. Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO. B. Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg.
C. Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO. D. Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO.
Cu 109: Thu phn este C2H5COOCH=CH2 trong mi trng axit to nhng sn phm g?
A. C2H5COOH, CH2=CH-OH B. C2H5COOH, CH3CHO
C. C2H5COOH, CH3CH2OH D. C2H5COOH, HCHO
Cu 110: iu kin nhit thng, cc aminoaxit l:
A. Cht rn kt tinh, khng tan trong nc, nhit nng chy cao.
B. Cht lng, d tan trong nc, nhit nng chy thp.
C. Cht rn kt tinh, d tan trong nc, nhit nng chy cao.
D. Cht lng, d tan trong nc, nhit nng chy thp.
Cu 111: Sp xp no theo trt t tng dn lc baz ca cc hp cht sau y ng:
A. C6H5NH2 < NH3 < C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)2NH
B. C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)2NH < NH3 < C6H5NH2
C. NH3 < C2H5NH2 <(C2H5)2NH < C6H5NH2
D. (C2H5)2NH < NH3 < C6H5NH2 < C2H5NH2
Cu 112: Amino axit l hp cht hu c trong phn t:
A. ch cha nit hoc cacbon B. cha nhm cacboxyl v nhm amino
C. ch cha nhm cacboxyl D. ch cha nhm amino
A. 1 B. 4 C. 3 D. 2
115
Cu 114: Cho 10 gam hn hp gm Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4 long (d). Sau phn
ng thu c 2,24 lt kh hiro ( ktc), dung dch X v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 5,6 gam. B. 3,4 gam.
C. 4,4 gam. D. 6,4 gam.
Cu 115: Cho 9,3 gam anilin tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui thu c l :
A. 12,59 gam. B. Mt kt qu khc. C. 12,95 gam. D. 11,85 gam.
+ 2 6
Cu 116: Cation M c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng 2s 2p l
A. Rb+. B. Na+.
+
C. Li . D. K+.
Cu 117: Nhm cacboxyl v nhm amino trong phn t protein lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt:
A. hidro B. cho - nhn C. peptit D. ion
Cu 118: C bao nhiu ng phn aminoaxit c cng cng thc phn t C4H9NO2
A. 5 B. 4 C. 2 D. 3
A. Dung dch NaCl B. Dung dch NaOH C. Dung dch HCl D. Cu(OH)2/OH-
Cu 120: Cho lung kh H2 (d) qua hn hp cc oxit CuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, MgO nung nhit cao.
Sau phn ng hn hp rn cn li l:
A. Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg. B. Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO.
C. Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO. D. Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO.
Cu 121: X phng ho hon ton 11,1 g hn hp 2 este l HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng
dung dch NaOH, un nng. Khi lng NaOH cn dng l:
A. 12,0g B. 8,0g C. 6,0g D. 20,0g
Cu 122: un nng dung dch cha 27 g glucoz vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 th khi lng Ag thu
c ti a l:
A. 32,4g B. 16,2g C. 21,6g D. 10,8g
A. ng phn ca saccaroz l mantoz.
B. Phn t saccaroz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl nhng khng c nhm cacbonyl.
C. ng saccaroz l ng ma, ng tht nt, ng c ci, ng knh , ng phn.
D. Hp cht saccaroz thuc loi isaccarit, phn t ny c cu to bi 2 gc glucoz.
Cu 124: X l mt aminoaxit no ch cha 1 nhm -NH 2 v 1 nhm -COOH. Cho 0,89(g) X tc
dng vi HCl va to ra 1,255 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca X l:
A. H2N-CH2-COOH B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH
C. C3H7-CH(NH2)-COOH D. CH3-CH(NH2)-CH2-COOH
A. C17H35COOH v glixerol. B. C15H31COOH v glixerol.
C. C17H35COONa v glixerol. D. C15H31COONa v etanol.
Cu 126: in phn vi in cc tr dung dch CuCl 2 vi cng dng in 4 ampe. Sau 3860
giy in phn khi lng catot tng
A. 10,24 gam. B. 2,56 gam.
C. 7,68 gam. D. 5,12 gam
Cu 127: Dy no sau y ch gm cc cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng
c vi dung dch AgNO3 ?
A. Zn, Cu, Mg B. Al, Fe, CuO
C. Fe, Ni, Sn D. Hg, Na, Ca
Cu 128: Cho cc cht: X: glucoz; Y: saccaroz; Z: tinh bt; T: glixerin; H: xenluloz. Nhng
cht b thy phn l:
A. X, Z, H B. Y, T, H C. Y, Z, H D. X, T, Y
Cu 129: Tnh cht ha hc c trng ca kim loi l
A. tnh baz. B. tnh oxi ha.
C. tnh axit. D. tnh kh.
Cu 130: Cho phn ng: aAl + bHNO3 cAl(NO 3)3 + dNO + eH2O.
H s a, b, c, d, e l cc s nguyn, ti gin. Tng (a + b) bng
116
A. 5. B. 4. C. 7. D. 6.
Cu 131: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn-Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi dung
dch cht in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l:
A. I, II v III. B. I, II v IV.
C. I, III v IV. D. II, III v IV
Cu 132: Nu thu phn khng hon ton pentapeptit Gly-Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly th thu c ti a
bao nhiu ipeptit khc nhau?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 133: un nng mt lng cht bo cn va 80 kg dd NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra
hon ton. Khi lng (kg) glixerol thu c l
A. 9,2 . B. 13,8 . C. 8,17. D. 27,6.
Cu 134: Cho 20g hn hp 3 amino axit no,n chc, mch h l ng ng k tip tc dng va
vi dd HCl 1M. C cn dung dch thu c 31,68g hn hp mui. Vy th tch HCl dng:
A. 0,32 lit B. 0,032 lit C. 0.033 lit D. 0,33 lit
Cu 135: Nhng 1 thanh nhm nng 50 gam vo 400ml dung dch CuSO4 0,5M. Sau mt thi gian
ly thanh nhm ra cn nng 51,38 gam. Hi khi lng Cu thot ra l bao nhiu?
A. 0,64gam. B. 1,28gam.
C. 1,92gam. D. 2,56gam
Cu 136: Metyl Propionat l tn gi ca hp cht c cng thc cu to:
A. HCOOC3H7 B. C2H5COOCH3 C. C3H7COOH D. C2H5COOH
Cu 137: Ho tan hon ton 3,22g hn hp X gm Fe, Mg Zn bng mt lng va H 2SO4 long
thy thot 1,344 lt H2 ktc v dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 10,27g B. 8,98 C. 7,25g D. 9,52g
Cu 138: T glucoz ngi ta iu ch cao su Buna theo s sau:
Glucoz ancol etylic buta-1,3-ien cao su Buna
Hiu sut qu trnh iu ch l 75%, mun thu c 32,4kg cao su th khi lng glucoz cn dng
l:
A. 144kg B. 108kg C. 81kg D. 96kg
Cu 139: H s trng hp (s mt xch) ca t nilon 6,6 c phn t khi (M = 3390) l:
A. 15. B. 16. C. 14. D. 13.
Cu 140: Dy cc cht sau c sp xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3CH2OH, CH3COOH, CH3CHO B. CH3CHO, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOH
C. CH3COOH, CH3CH2OH, CH3CHO D. CH3COOH, CH3CHO, CH3CH2OH
Cu 141: Cho13,2 g este n chc, no X tc dng ht vi 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c
12,3 g mui. Xc nh X.
A. CH3-COOC2H5 B. CH3COOCH3 C. HCOOC2H5 D. HCOOC3H7
----------- HT ----------
117
P N
1 D 41 B 81 D 121 C
2 B 42 A 82 B 122 A
3 D 43 C 83 C 123 D
4 C 44 A 84 A 124 B
5 B 45 D 85 C 125 D
6 B 46 B 86 A 126 D
7 D 47 A 87 A 127 C
8 B 48 A 88 D 128 C
9 A 49 B 89 B 129 D
10 D 50 C 90 D 130 A
11 A 51 A 91 D 131 C
12 A 52 B 92 D 132 B
13 A 53 B 93 A 133 A
14 C 54 C 94 D 134 A
15 D 55 A 95 D 135 A
16 A 56 C 96 C 136 B
17 D 57 B 97 C 137 B
18 A 58 B 98 A 138 A
19 B 59 D 99 A 139 A
20 A 60 D 100 B 140 B
21 B 61 A 101 A 141 A
22 C 62 D 102 A
23 C 63 C 103 B
24 C 64 D 104 A
25 C 65 B 105 C
26 C 66 B 106 C
27 D 67 A 107 C
28 C 68 B 108 C
29 C 69 B 109 B
30 D 70 D 110 C
31 A 71 B 111 A
32 D 72 B 112 B
33 D 73 B 113 D
34 C 74 B 114 C
35 C 75 D 115 C
36 C 76 D 116 B
37 D 77 D 117 C
38 D 78 B 118 A
39 C 79 B 119 D
40 C 80 A 120 D
118
KIM TRA HKI
Thi gian lm bi: 60 pht
M 132
Cu 1: Dy cc kim loi u phn ng vi H2O nhit thng l:
A. Fe, Zn, Li, Sn B. K, Na, Ca, Ba C. Cu, Pb, Rb, Ag D. Al, Hg, Cs, Sr
Cu 2: Cho 13g kim loi R ho tr II tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO 3 long thu c 4g
kh NO duy nht. Kim loi R l:
A. Zn B. Mg C. Fe D. Cu
Cu 3: Polivinyl clorua c cng thc l:
A. (-CH2-CH2-)n. B. (-CH2-CHCl-)2. C. (-CH2-CHBr-)n. D. (-CH2-CHF-)n.
Cu 4: Cho cc ion kim loi Zn2+, Sn2+, Ni2+, Fe2+, Pb2+. Th t tnh oxi ho gim dn
l
A. Pb2+ > Sn2+ > Ni2+ > Fe2+ > Zn2+. B. Pb2+ > Sn2+ > Fe2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+.
C. Zn2+ > Fe2+ > Ni2+ > Sn2+ > Pb2+. D. Sn2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+ > Pb2+ > Fe2+.
Cu 5: T nguyn liu g cha 50% xenluloz, ngi ta iu ch c ancol etylic vi hiu
sut 81%. Tnh khi lng g cn thit iu ch c 1000 lt cn 920 (bit ancol nguyn
cht c D = 0,8 g/ml).
A. 1296kg B. Mt kt qu khc C. 3200kg D. 1600kg
Cu 6: Cho lung kh H2 (d) qua hn hp cc oxit CuO, Fe 2O3, ZnO, MgO nung nhit
cao. Sau phn ng hn hp rn cn li l:
A. Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO. B. Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg.
C. Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO. D. Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO.
A. Zn, Na. B. Mg, Na. C. Cu, Mg. D. Zn, Cu.
A. Tinh bt, xenluloz, fructoz. B. Tinh bt, saccaroz, fructoz
C. Tinh bt, xenluloz, glucoz. D. Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz.
Cu 9: S ph hu kim loi hay hp kim do kim loi tc dng trc tip vi cc cht oxi ho
trong mi trng c gi l
A. s n mn ho hc. B. s n mn in ho hc.
C. s tc dng ca kim loi vi nc. D. s kh kim loi.
Cu 10: Cho 9,3 gam anilin tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui thu c l :
A. Mt kt qu khc. B. 12,95 gam. C. 12,59 gam. D. 11,85 gam.
Cu 11: Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Na (Z =11) l
A. 1s22s2 2p7. B. 1s22s2 2p5 3s2. C. 1s22s22p63s1. D. 1s22s22p6 3p1.
Cu 12: Cho cc hp cht: (1)CH 2=CH-COOCH3; (2)HCHO; (3)HO-(CH2)6-COOH;
(4)C6H5OH; (5) HOOC-(CH2)-COOH; (6) C6H5-CH=CH2 ; (7) H2N-(CH2)6-NH2.
Nhng cht no c th tham gia phn ng trng ngng?
A. 1, 2, 6 B. 5, 7 C. 3, 5, 7 D. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
Cu 13: Pht biu no di y v protein l khng ng?
A. Protein l nhng polipeptit cao phn t (phn t khi t vi chc ngn n vi triu vC)
B. Protein phc tp l nhng protein c to thnh t protein n gin v lipit, gluxit, axit
nucleic,..
C. Protein n gin l nhng protein c to thnh ch t cc gc - v -amino axit
D. Protein c vai tr l nn tng v cu trc v chc nng ca mi s sng
Cu 14: X l mt amino axit no ch cha 1 nhm NH 2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho X tc
dng va vi 100ml dd HCl 1M, thu c 12,55g mui. CTCT ca X l:
119
A. Khng p n no ng B. H2N- CH2-CH2-COOH.
C. H2N-CH2-COOH. D. C2H5-CH(NH2)-COOH
A. 22,5 gam B. 1,82 gam C. Mt kt qu khc D. 1,44 gam
Cu 16: Thuc th no di y dng phn bit cc dung dch glucoz, glixerol, etanol
v lng trng trng?
A. HNO3. B. NaOH. C. AgNO3/NH3. D. Cu(OH)2.
Cu 17: in phn ,dng in cc tr dung dch mui sunfat kim loi ho tr II vi cng
dng in 6,032 ampe. Sau 25 pht thy khi lng catot tng 3 gam. Mui sunfat
in phn l
A. ZnSO4. B. FeSO4. C. NiSO4. D. CuSO4.
A. Glucoz v fructoz u tham gia phn ng cng H2(Ni/t0).
B. Glucoz v fructoz u lm mt mu nc brom.
D. Glucoz v fructoz l 2 cht ng phn ca nhau.
Cu 19: Dy no sau y ch gm cc cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc
dng c vi dung dch AgNO3 ?
A. Al, Fe, CuO B. Zn, Cu, Mg C. Fe, Ni, Sn D. Hg, Na, Ca
Cu 20: H s trng hp (s mt xch) ca t nilon 6,6 c phn t khi (M = 3390) l:
A. 14. B. 15. C. 16. D. 13.
A. PE. B. PP. C. PVC D. PVA.
Cu 22: Khi t chy mt loi polime ch thu c kh CO 2 v hi H2O vi t l
n CO2 : n H2 O 1:1
. Vy, polime trn thuc loi no trong s cc polime sau ?
A. tinh bt. B. cao su thin nhin. C. poli(vinyl clorua). D. poli propilen.
Cu 23: Hp cht no sau y thuc loi tripeptit ?
A. H2N-CH2CONH-CH2CONH-CH2COOH. B. H2N-CH2CH2CONH-CH2COOH.
C. H2N-CH2CONH-CH(CH3)-COOH. D. H2N- CH2CH2CONH-CH2CH2COOH.
Cu 24: Thu phn este C2H5COOCH=CH2 trong mi trng axit to nhng sn phm g?
A. C2H5COOH, HCHO B. C2H5COOH, CH3CHO
C. C2H5COOH, CH2=CH-OH D. C2H5COOH, CH3CH2OH
Cu 25: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H8O2 c phn ng trng gng vi dd AgNO3
trong NH3 Cng thc cu to ca este l cng thc no?
A. HCOOC2H5 B. HCOOC3H7 C. C2H5COOCH3 D. CH3COOCH3
Cu 26: Phn ng este ha gia ru etylic v axit fomic to thnh sn phm c tn gi l
g?
A. Etyl fomiat B. Etyl axetat C. Metyl axetat D. Axetyl etylat
Cu 27: t chy hon ton 0,02 mol hn hp 2 amino axit no X, Y l ng ng k tip
nhau, mi cht u cha 1 nhm (NH2) v 1 nhm (-COOH), thu c 1,568 lt CO 2 (ktc).
CTPT ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. C3H7NO2 v C4H9NO2. B. C4H9NO2 v C5H11NO2.
C. C2H5NO2 v C3H7NO2. D. CH3NO2 v C2H7NO2.
Cu 28: un nng mt lng cht bo cn va 80 kg dd NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng
xy ra hon ton. Khi lng (kg) glixerol thu c l
A. 9,2 . B. 27,6. C. 8,17. D. 13,8 .
Cu 29: Cho 0,96 g ng kim loi tc dng ht vi ddHNO 3 c. Th tch kh NO2 sinh ra
iu kin chun l:
120
A. 0,015 B. 0,03 C. 0,336 D. 0,672
Cu 30: Chn cch sp xp theo chiu gim dn nhit si ca cc cht sau: (1) C 4H9OH ;
(2) C2H5COOH ; (3) CH3COOCH3
A. (3) > (2) > (1) B. (2) > (1) > (3) C. (3) > (1) > (2) D. (1) > (2) > (3)
Cu 31: un 12g axit axetic vi lng d ancol etylic, iu kin v xc tc thch hp. n
khi phn ng dng li thu c 11g este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ha l bao nhiu?
A. 60,25% B. 62 % C. 65.2% D. Mt kt qu
khc
Cu 32: C 5 dd cha: CH 3COOH, glixerol, dd glucoz, h tinh bt, lng trng trng. S
cht tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 l:
A. bn cht. B. hai cht. C. ba cht D. nm cht.
A. ng saccaroz l ng ma, ng tht nt, ng c ci, ng knh , ng phn.
B. ng phn ca saccaroz l mantoz.
C. Phn t saccaroz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl nhng khng c nhm cacbonyl.
D. Hp cht saccaroz thuc loi isaccarit, phn t ny c cu to bi 2 gc glucoz.
Cu 34: Sn phm ca phn ng thy phn metyl axetat c 3,2 gam ancol metylic. Bit rng
hiu sut ca phn ng ny l 75 %. Khi lng ca metyl axetat em thy phn l bao
nhiu:
A. 11 gam B. 9,25 gam C. 9,87 gam D. 5,92 gam
Cu 35: Trong cc loi t di y, t nhn to l
A. t capron. B. t visco. C. t tm. D. t nilon -6,6.
A. C17H35COOH v glixerol. B. C15H31COOH v glixerol.
C. C15H31COONa v etanol. D. C17H35COONa v glixerol.
Cu 37: kh hon ton 45 gam hn hp gm CuO, FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe v MgO cn dng
va 8,96 lt CO (ktc). Khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng l:
A. 45g B. 39 g C. 56,2g D. 38,6 g
Cu 38: X l mt amino axit no, ch cha 1 nhm NH 2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho X tc
dng vi 100ml dd NaOH 1M, thu c 11,1 g mui. CTCT ca X l:
A. H2N-CH2-COOH. B. C2H5-CH(NH2)-COOH
C. H2N- CH2-CH2-COOH. D. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH.
Cu 39: Tnh khi lng kt ta Ag hnh thnh khi tin hnh trng gng hon ton dung
dch cha 18 gam glucoz?
A. Mt kt qu khc B. 10,80 gam C. 216 gam D. 2,16 gam
Cu 40: Cht rn khng mu, d tan trong nc, kt tinh iu kin thng l
A. C6H5NH2. B. C2H5OH. C. H2NCH2COOH. D. CH3NH2.
-----------------------------------------------
----------- HT ----------
121
KIM TRA HKI
Thi gian lm bi: 60 pht
M thi 209
Cu 1: X phng ho 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 100 ml dung dch NaOH 2M. Sau khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l:
Cu 2: Sobit (sobitol) l sn phm ca phn ng
A. glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2. B. kh glucoz bng H2/Ni, to.
C. ln men ru etylic. D. oxi ho glucoz bng AgNO3/NH3
Cu 3: Polime X (cha C, H, Cl) c h s trng hp l 560 v phn t khi l 35.000. Cng
thc mt mt xch ca X l
A. CCl = CCl B. CHCl CHCl C. CH = CCl D. CH2 CHCl
Cu 4: T 1,62 tn Xenluloz sn xut c bao nhiu tn xenluloz trinitrat, nu qu
trnh sn xut b hao ht 12%.
A. 2,546 tn B. 3,613 tn C. 2,975 tn D. 2,613 tn
Cu 5: H s trng hp ca poli(etylen) l bao nhiu nu trung bnh mt phn t polime c
khi lng khong 120 000 vC?
A. 4286 B. 4627 C. 4280 D. 4281
Cu 6: Kim loi no sau y tc dng c ht vi 4 dung dch mui sau: FeSO4 ;
Pb(NO3)2 ; CuCl2 ; AgNO3
A. Ni B. Sn C. Zn D. Hg
A. 1, 2, 3 B. 1, 2 C. 1,3 D. 1, 2, 3, 4
HCOOCH3 (3), C2H6 (4)
A. (4), (3), (2), (1) B. (4), (2), (3), (1) C. (2), (3), (1), (4) D. (3), (1), (2), (4)
A. tnh oxi ha. B. tnh kh. C. tnh baz. D. tnh axit.
Cu 10: c im cu to ca cc phn t nh (monome) tham gia phn ng trng hp l:
A. phi l anken hoc ankaien
B. phi l hirocacbon
C. phi c lin kt bi hoc vng km bn c th m ra
D. phi c 2 nhm chc tr ln
Cu 11: Nhng 1 thanh nhm nng 50 gam vo 400ml dung dch CuSO 4 0,5M. Sau mt thi
gian ly thanh nhm ra cn nng 51,38 gam. Hi khi lng Cu thot ra l bao nhiu?
A. 0,64gam. B. 1,28gam. C. 1,92gam. D. 2,56gam
Cu 12: Trong phn t aminoaxit X c mt nhm amino v mt nhm cacboxyl. Cho 15,0
gam X tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c
19,4 gam mui khan. Cng thc ca X l:
A. H2NCH2COOH B. H2NC4H8COOH C. H2NC2H4COOH D. H2NC3H6COOH
A. mu da cam B. mu vng C. mu D. mu tm
A. Ca v Fe. B. Mg v Zn. C. Na v Cu. D. Fe v Cu.
122
A. 5. B. 7. C. 4. D. 6.
+ 2 6
Cu 16: Cation M c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng 2s 2p l
A. K+. B. Li+. C. Na+. D. Rb+.
Cu 17: un hn hp glixerol v axit stearic, axit oleic (c axit H 2SO4 lm xc tc) c th
thu c ... loi tri este. Trong du ... l:
A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 3
Cu 18: Cho cc cht H2NCH2COOH, CH3COOH, CH3NH2. Dng thuc th no sau y
phn bit cc dung dch trn?
A. CH3OH/HCl B. Qu tm C. NaOH D. HCl
Cu 19: Gluxit chuyn ho thnh glucoz trong mi trng kim l
A. tinh bt. B. mantoz. C. fructoz. D. saccaroz.
Cu 20: C 3 ha cht sau y: Etylamin, phenylamin, amoniac. Th t tng dn lc baz
c xp theo dy
A. amoniac < etylamin < phenylamin .
B. Etylamin < phenylamin <amoniac
C. phenylamin< amoniac<Etylamin
D. etylamin < amoniac < phenylamin .
Cu 21: Cho 2,1 gam hn hp X gm 2 amin, no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng
ng phn ng ht vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 3,925 gam hn hp mui. Cng thc ca
2 amin trong hn hp X l
A. CH3NH2, C2H5NH2 B. C3H7NH2,C4H9NH2
C. C2H5NH2,C3H7NH2 D. C5H11NH2,C4H9NH2
Cu 22: C mt s hp cht sau: (1) etilen, (2) vinyl clorua, (3) axit aipic, (4) phenol, (5)
acrilonitrin, (6) buta - 1,3 - ien. Nhng cht no c th tham gia phn ng trng hp:
A. (1), (2), (5), (6) B. (2), (3), (4), (5) C. (1), (4), (5), (6) D. (1), (2), (3), (4)
Cu 23: Alanin c th phn ng c vi bao nhiu cht trong cc cht cho sau y:
Ba(OH)2 ; CH3OH ; H2N-CH2-COOH; HCl, Cu, Na2SO4, H2SO4.
A. 4 B. 6 C. 7 D. 5
Cu 24: Cho hn hp gm 0,10 mol HCOOH v 0,20 mol HCOOCH 3 tc dng ht vi dung
dch AgNO3/NH3 d th khi lng Ag thu c l:
A. 32, 4 gam. B. 64,80 gam. C. 43,2 gam. D. 54 gam.
A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 4
Cu 26: Loi t no sau y thng dng dt vi may qun o m hoc bn thnh si
"len" dt o rt?
A. T nilon -6 B. T lapsan C. T nitron D. T nilon 6 - 6
Cu 27: Cho dy cc cht: CH3COOCH3, C2H5OH, H2NCH2COOH, CH3NH2. S cht trong
dy phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l:
A. 2 B. 4 C. 1 D. 3
Cu 28: Cho 4 cht: HCOOCH3, C2H5OH, CH3COOH, CH3COOCH3. Cht t tan trong nc
nht l
A. C2H5OH. B. CH3COOCH3. C. CH3COOH. D. HCOOCH3.
Cu 29: kh hon ton 45 gam hn hp gm CuO, FeO, Fe3O4 v MgO cn dng va
8,4 lt CO (ktc). Khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng l:
A. 38g B. 42g C. 24g D. 39g
Cu 30: Khi x phng ho tristearin bng dung dch NaOH thu c sn phm l:
123
Cu 31: Dy no sau y ch gm cc cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc
dng c vi dung dch AgNO3 ?
A. Zn, Cu, Mg B. Fe, Ni, Sn C. Hg, Na, Ca D. Al, Fe, CuO
Cu 32: Saccaroz v glucoz c c im ging nhau l
A. u ho tan Cu(OH)2 nhit thng to dung dch mu xanh c trng.
B. u tham gia phn ng trng gng.
C. u c trong bit dc huyt thanh ngt.
D. u ly t c ci ng.
Cu 33: T nilon -6,6 thuc loi:
A. t tng hp B. t bn tng hp C. t thin nhin D. t nhn to
Cu 34: Cho13,2 g este n chc, no E tc dng ht vi 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu
c 12,3 g mui. Xc nh E.
A. HCOOC2H5 B. HCOOC3H7 C. CH3COOCH3 D. CH3-COOC2H5
Cu 35: T du thc vt lm th no c c b?
A. Hiro ho cht bo lng B. ehiro ho cht bo lng
C. Hiro ho axit bo. D. X phng ho cht bo lng
Cu 36: bo v v tu bin lm bng thp ngi ta thng gn vo v tu (phn ngm
di nc) nhng tm kim loi
A. Cu. B. Zn .C. Sn. D. Pb.
Cu 37: un nng dung dch cha 27 g glucoz vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 th khi lng
Ag thu c ti a l:
A. 21,6g B. 10,8g C. 32,4g D. 16,2g
(1). Phn t ipeptit c hai lin kt peptit.
(2). Phn t tripeptit c 3 lin kt peptit.
(3). S lin kt peptit trong phn t peptit mch h c n gc - amino axit l n -1.
(4). C 3 -amino axit khc nhau, c th to ra 6 peptit khc nhau c y cc gc -
amino axit .
S nhn nh ng l:
A. 4 B. 2 C. 1 D. 3
Cu 39: Ho tan hon ton 3,22g hn hp X gm Fe, Mg Zn bng mt lng va H 2SO4
long thy thot 1,344 lt H2 ktc v dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 9,52g B. 8,98 C. 7,25g D. 10,27g

Cu 40: Cho s phn ng: Thuc sng khng khi X Y sobit. Tn gi X, Y
ln lt l
A. Xenlulozo, etanol. B. tinh bt, etanol.
C. saccaroz, etanol. D. xenluloz, glucoz.
----------- HT ----------
P N THI HKI
132
1 B 11 C 21 C 31 D
2 A 12 D 22 D 32 A
124
3 B 13 C 23 A 33 D
4 A 14 A 24 B 34 C
5 C 15 C 25 B 35 B
6 C 16 D 26 A 36 C
7 B 17 D 27 A 37 D
8 D 18 B 28 A 38 D
9 A 19 C 29 D 39 A
10 B 20 B 30 B 40 C
209
1 B 11 C 21 A 31 B
2 B 12 A 22 A 32 A
3 D 13 D 23 D 33 A
4 D 14 D 24 B 34 D
5 A 15 A 25 C 35 A
6 C 16 C 26 C 36 B
7 D 17 C 27 A 37 C
8 A 18 B 28 B 38 B
9 B 19 C 29 D 39 B
10 C 20 C 30 D 40 D
125
PH LC 4
KIM TRA GIA HC K II
Thi gian : 60 pht ( 40 cu hi)
thi gm c 04 trang M THI: 132
Cu 1: Nhm hidroxit thu c t cch lm no sau y?
A. Cho d dung dch HCl vo dung dch natri aluminat
B. Cho d dung dch NaOH vo dung dch AlCl3
C. Thi d CO2 vo dung dch natri aluminat
D. Cho Al2O3 tc dng vi H2O
Cu 2: Cho 21 gam hn hp Y cha K 2CO3 v Na2CO3 tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch
HCl th thu c 4,032 lt CO2 (ktc). T l phn trm theo khi lng ca cc cht trong Y
l :
A. 39,43% v 60,57% B. 56,56% v 43,44% C. 20% v 80% D. 40% v 60%
Cu 3: Nhm bn trong mi trng khng kh v nc l do
A. c mng oxit Al2O3 bn vng bo v.
B. nhm l kim loi km hot ng.
C. c mng hidroxit Al(OH)3 bn vng bo v.
D. nhm c tnh th ng vi khng kh v nc.
Cu 4: Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch nc vi c cha 0,05 mol Ca(OH) 2 ,thu c 4 g kt
ta. S mol CO2 cn dng l
A. 0,05mol hoc 0,04mol
B. 0,05mol
C. 0,04 mol hoc 0,06 mol
D. 0,04mol
Cu 5: Cho 4,8g kim loi ha tr II ha tan hon ton trong dd HNO 3 long, thu c 1,12
lt NO duy nht (kc). Kim loi R l
A. Fe B. Cu C. Mg D. Zn
Cu 6: Qung c hm lng st ln nht l
A. Xierit B. Hematit C. Manhetit D. Pirit
Cu 7: Kh hon ton 0,1 mol FexOy bng kh CO nhit cao thy to ra 0,3 mol CO 2 .
Cng thc FexOy l
A. FeO B. Fe3O4
C. Fe2O3 D. Khng xc nh c.
Cu 8: Cu no ng trong cc cu sau?Trong n mn in ha hc, xy ra:
A. s oxi ha cc dng.
B. s oxi ha cc m v s kh cc dng.
C. s oxi ha cc dng v s kh cc m.
D. s kh cc m.
Cu 9: Mt cc nc c cha 0,2 mol Mg 2+ ; 0,3 mol Na+ ; 0,2 mol SO42- v x mol Cl -. Gi
tr x l
A. 0,4 mol B. 0,5 mol C. 0,3 mol D. 0,2 mol
Cu 10: in phn nng chy 22,2 gam MCl 2 th thu c 0,12 mol kh clo anot . Bit
hiu sut phn ng ca qu trnh in phn l 60% . Khi lng nguyn t ca M l
A. 24 B. 40 C. 64 D. 87
Cu 11: Trong cc pht biu sau, pht biu no khng ng ?
A. Hm lng C trong gang nhiu hn trong thp.
B. Gang l hp cht ca Fe-C.
C. Gang l hp kim Fe-C v mt s nguyn t khc.
D. Gang trng cha t cacbon hn gang xm.
126
Cu 12: Phng trnh no gii thch s to thnh thch nh trong hang ng

A. Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O B. CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2
0
t
C. CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O D. CaCO3 CaO + CO2
Cu 13: Ngm 21,6 gam Fe vo dung dch Cu(NO 3)2, phn ng xong thu c 23,2 gam hn
hp rn. Lng ng bm vo st l
Cu 14: Kim loi Ca c iu ch t phn ng
A. dng kali tc dng vi dung dch CaCl2 B. nhit phn CaCO3
C. in phn dung dch CaCl2 D. in phn CaCl2 nng chy
Cu 15: Oxi ha 0,5 mol Al cn bao nhiu mol H2SO4 c, nng?
A. 0,75 mol. B. 1,5 mol. C. 0,5 mol. D. 3 mol.
Cu 16: Nhn xt no khng ng khi ni v Fe ?
A. Fe tan c trong dung dch AgNO3 B. Fe tan c trong dung dch CuSO4
C. Fe tan c trong dung dch FeCl3 D. Fe tan c trong dung dch FeCl2
Cu 17: Dy no gm cc cht va th hin tnh kh va th hin tnh oxi ha ?
A. Fe2(SO4)3 , FeCl3 , Fe2O3 B. Fe3O4 , FeO , FeCl2
C. Fe2(SO4)3 , FeCl2 , Fe(OH)3 D. Fe2O3 ; Fe2(SO4)3 , Fe(OH)2
Cu 18: Nhng hp kim sau ngoi khng kh m, kim loi no b n mn?
A. Cu - Fe, Cu b n mn B. Ni - Pb, Pb b n mn
C. Fe - Sn, Sn b n mn D. Al - Fe, Al b n mn
Cu 19: Ha tan m gam Al vo dung dch HNO 3 rt long ch thu c hn hp kh gm c
0,015 mol N2O v 0,01 mol NO. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,35 g B. 13,5 g C. 0,81 g D. 0,75 g
Cu 20: Dy gm cc cht u c th lm mm c nc cng vnh cu l
A. Ca(OH)2 , Na2CO3, NaNO3 B. Na2CO3, Na3PO4
C. Na2CO3, HCl D. Na2SO4 , Na2CO3
Cu 21: Thch cao sng l :
A. 2CaSO4. H2O B. CaSO4 C. CaSO4.4H2O D. CaSO4.2H2O
Cu 22: Cho cc cht: kh CO2 (1), dd Ca(OH)2 (2), CaCO3(rn) (3), dd Ca(HCO3)2 (4), dd
CaSO4 (5), dd HCl (6). Nu em trn tng cp cht vi nhau th s trng hp xy ra phn
ng l
A. 6 B. 7 C. 4 D. 5
Cu 23: Ha tan hon ton 10 gam hn hp hai kim loi trong dung dch HCl d thy to ra
2,24 lt kh H2 (kc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr
ca m l
Cu 24: Tnh cht ha hc chung ca kim loi l:
A. D b oxi ha. B. Nng lng ion ha nh.
C. D b kh. D. m in thp.
Cu 25: Cu hnh electron no l ca nguyn t kim loi?
A. 1s22s22p63s23p5 B. 1s22s22p63s23p4 C. 1s22s22p6 D. 1s22s22p63s23p1
Cu 26: Tnh cht vt l ca kim loi no di y khng ng ?
A. Nhit nng chy : Hg<Al< W B. Tnh cng : Fe < Al<Cr
C. kh nng dn in : Ag>Cu>Al D. T khi : Li<Fe<Os
Cu 27: Oxit no cho sau y khi tc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4 long to ra c hai
mui ?
A. Fe3O4 B. Al2O3 C. FeO D. Fe2O3
127
Cu 28: Cho cc dy kim loi sau, dy no c sp xp theo chiu tng ca tnh kh?
A. Na, Mg, Al, Fe. B. Ag, Cu, Mg, Al. C. Ag, Cu, Al, Mg. D. Al, Fe, Zn, Mg.
Cu 29: Cho 4,005 g AlCl3 vo 1000 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Sau khi phn ng kt thc
thu c bao nhiu gam kt ta
A. 1,56 g B. 2,34 g C. 2,60 g D. 1,65 g
2+ 3+
Cu 30: Cu hnh electron ca Fe v Fe ln lt l
A. [Ar] 3d6, [Ar] 3d34s2 B. [Ar] 3d4 4s2, [Ar] 3d5
C. [Ar] 3d5, [Ar] 3d64s2 D. [Ar] 3d6, [Ar] 3d5
Cu 31: Trong qu trnh in phn, ti anot ca bnh in phn, xy ra:
A. qu trnh kh, c s nhn electron. B. qu trnh oxi ha, c s nhn electron.
C. qu trnh oxi ha, c s cho electron. D. qu trnh kh, c s cho electron.
(1) ( 2) ( 3)
Cu 32: Cho chui phn ng sau: Fe FeCl2 Fe Fe(NO3)3
(1) Fe + Cl2 FeCl2;
(2) FeCl2 + Mg Fe + MgCl2;

(3) Fe + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
Phn ng no sai?
A. (1) B. (2) C. (1) v (2) D. (1) v (3)
Cu 33: Phng php dng mt kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn kh ion kim loi khc
trong dung dch mui c gi l phng php
A. thy phn. B. in phn. C. nhit luyn. D. thy luyn
Cu 34: Nhng 1 l st vo cc dung dch : HCl, HNO 3,nguI, CuSO4, FeCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3.
Hi c bao nhiu phn ng ha hc xy ra?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
Cu 35: Hin tng quan st c khi dn t t kh CO 2 (n d) vo bnh ng nc vi
trong l
A. nuc vi trong tr nn c dn, sau t c dn dn ha trong
B. nc vi t trong dn dn ha c
C. lc u nc vi vn trong, sau mi ha c
D. nc vi ha c ri tr li trong, sau t trong li ha c
Cu 36: S ph hy kim loi hay hp kim do kim loi tc dng trc tip vi cc cht oxi ha
trong mi trng c gi l:
A. S n mn kim loi B. S n mn ha hc
C. S kh kim loi D. S n mn in ha
Cu 37: C 2 l st khi lng bng nhau v bng 11,2 g. L 1 cho tc dng vi clo d, l 2
ngm trong dd HCl d. Khi lng mui clorua thu c trong 2 trng hp trn
A. Bng nhau B. Lng mui st (III) ln hn
C. Lng mui st (III) nh hn D. Khi lng mui st (III) thu c l
25,4
Cu 38: Kim loi no kh nc chm nhit thng, nhng phn ng mnh vi hi
nc nhit cao ?
A. Mg B. Al C. Ba D. Ca
Cu 39: Khi cho lung kh H2 (d) i qua ng nghim cha Al2O3, FeO, CuO, MgO nung
nng n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton. Cht rn cn li trong ng nghim l :
A. Al, Fe, Cu, MgO B. Al, Fe ,Cu, Mg
C. Al2O3, Fe, Cu, MgO D. Al2O3, FeO, CuO, Mg
Cu 40: Cho cc kim loi sau: Sr, Ba, Be, Ca, Mg. Dy cc cht xp theo chiu tng dn tnh
kh ca cc nguyn t kim loi l:
128
A. Sr , Ba , Be , Ca , Mg B. Be , Ca , Mg , Sr , Ba
C. Be , Mg , Ca , Sr , Ba D. Ca , Sr , Ba , Be , Mg
-----------------------------------------------
----------- HT ----------
KIM TRA GIA HC K II

Thi gian : 60 pht ( 40 cu hi)
M THI 483
Cu 1: nhn bit cc dd: NaOH, KCl, NaCl, KOH dng:

A. qu tm, th ngn la bng dy Pt B. phenolftalin
C. phenolftalein, dd AgNO3 D. qu tm, dd AgNO3
Cu 2: Cho 10 gam hn hp gm Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4 long d. Sau
phn ng thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc), dung dch X v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr
ca m l:
A. 3,4 B. 6,4 C. 5,6 D. 4,4
Cu 3: C cc cht sau: NaCl, Ca(OH)2 ,Na2CO3, HCl . Cp cht no c th lm mm nc
cng tm thi:
A. Ca(OH)2 v Na2CO3 B. Na2CO3 v HCl
C. NaCl v Ca (OH)2 D. NaCl v HCl
Cu 4: Ngi ta in phn mui clorua ca mt kim loi ha tr II trng thi nng chy
sau mt thi gian catt 8 gam kim loi , anot 4,48 lit kh (ktc) .Cng thc no sau
y l cng thc ca mui.
A. CuCl2 B. CaCl2 C. MgCl2 D. BaCl2
Cu 5: C th dng cht no sau y nhn bit 3 gi bt Al, Al2O3, Mg?
A. dd HCl B. dd NaCl C. nc D. dd NaOH
Cu 6: Tnh oxi ho ca cc ion kim loi tng theo th t:
A. K+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Cu2+ B. Zn2+, Fe2+, K+, Cu2+
C. Fe2+, Zn2+, K+, Cu2+ D. Fe2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, K+
A. tnh baz. B. tnh axit.
C. tnh oxi ha. D. tnh kh.
Cu 8: Kim loi no sau y c nhit nng chy cao nht trong tt c cc kim loi?
A. ng B. Vonfram C. St D. Km
Cu 9: Phn ng no sau y khng th s dng iu ch mui Fe(II)?
A. FeO + HCl. B. Fe + Fe(NO3)3.
C. FeCO3 + HNO3(long) D. Fe(OH)2 + H2SO4(long)
Cu 10: Cho hh Ca, K tc dng hon ton vi nc thu 100 ml dung dch A v 2,24 lt kh
H2 kc, trung ho dung dch A cn va 100 ml dung dch HCl. Tnh nng mol/l ca
dung dch HCl phn ng?
A. 4M B. 1M C. 2M D. 1,5M
Cu 11: Gang v thp l hp kim ca Fe . Tm pht biu ng.
A. Nguyn tc sn xut thp l oxi ho cc tp cht trong gang. (C, Si, Mn, S, P) thnh oxit
nhm gim hm lng ca chng.
B. Gang l hp kim Fe C ( 5 n 10%).
C. Nguyn tc sn sut gang l kh Fe trong oxit bng CO, H2 hay Al nhit cao.
D. Thp l hp kim Fe C ( 2 5%).
Cu 12: 10,2 gam Al2O3 tc dng va vi V (l) dung dch NaOH 0,8M. Tm V
A. 600 ml B. 300 ml C. 250 ml D. 700 ml
129
Cu 13: Khi cho dd Ca(OH)2 vo dd Ca(HCO3)2 th:
A. C kt ta trng v bt kh B. Khng c hin tng g
C. C bt kh thot ra D. C kt ta trng
Cu 14: Ho tan hon ton 7,2 gam mt kim loi M trong dung dch HNO 3 ta thu c 4,48
lt NO (kc). Kim loi M l :
A. Zn B. Cu C. Fe D. Mg
Cu 15: Kim loi X c th kh c Fe trong dung dch FeCl3 thnh Fe2+ nhng khng
3+
kh c H+ trong dung dch HCl thnh H2 . Kim loi X l:

A. Cu B. Fe C. Zn D. Mg
Cu 16: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng l
A. dung dch NaOH v Al2O3. B. dung dch NaNO3 v dung dch MgCl2
C. K2O v nc. D. dung dch AgNO3 v dung dch KCl.
Cu 17: Cho 200 ml dung dch AlCl 3 1,5M tc dng vi V lt dung dch NaOH 0,5M, lng
kt ta thu c l 15,6 gam. Gi tr ln nht ca V l (cho H = 1, O = 16, Al = 27)
A. 1,8. B. 1,2. C. 2. D. 2,4.
Cu 18: Cho 4,2 gam hn hp gm Mg, Al, Zn tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th c 2,24
lit kh ( ktc). Khi lng mui khan trong dung dch l (gam)
A. 11,5 B. 7,75 C. 11,3 D. 7,85
Cu 19: Cho 8,8 gam hai kim loi thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II v hai chu k lin tip
tc dng vi HCl d, thu c 6,72 lt H2 (ktc). Hai kim loi l :
A. Be v Mg B. Mg v Zn C. Ca v Ba D. Mg v Ca
2+
Cu 20: Tm cu hnh electron ng ca Fe .
A. [Ar]d5. B. [Ar]3d6.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2. D. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d4
Cu 21: Nhm bn vi mi trng khng kh v nc l do:
A. Nhm th ng vi nc v khng kh B. C lp mng oxit bn vng bo v
C. C lp mng hidroxit bn vng bo v D. Nhm l kim loi km hot ng
Cu 22: Kim loi no sau y cng nht trong tt c cc kim loi?
A. B. Vonfram C. Kali D. St
Cu 23: iu ch kim loi K ta c th dng cc phng php sau:
1. in phn dung dch KCl c vch ngn xp.
2. in phn KCl nng chy.
3. Dng Li kh K ra khi dd KCl
4. Dng CO kh K ra khi K2O
5. in phn nng chy KOH
Chn phng php thch hp:
A. Ch c 2, 5 B. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 C. D. Ch c 3, 4, 5
Cu 24: Cho tan hon ton 58 gam hn hp A gm Fe,Cu, Ag trong dung dch HNO3 2M
thu c 0,15 mol NO, 0,05 mol N2O ,v dung dch D. C cn dung dch D, lm khan, khi
lng mui khan thu c l :
A. 110,7 gam B. Kt qu khc C. 120,4 gam D. 89,8 gam
Cu 25: Ho tan hon ton m g Cu trong dd HNO 3 thu c 4,48 lit hn hp kh NO v
NO2 c t khi so vi Hiro l 19. Tm m
A. 12,6 B. 12,8 C. 25,6 D.
Cu 26: Dy gm cc kim loi u phn ng vi nc nhit thng to ra dung dch c
mi trng kim l
A. Na, Fe, K B. Na, Cr, K C. Be, Na, Ca D. Na, Ba, K
Cu 27: Nguyn liu chnh dng sn xut nhm l
A. qung lmit. B. qung pirit.
130
C. qung boxit. D. qung manhetit.
Cu 28: Gang l hp kim ca Fe-C. v mt s nguyn t khc. Trong C chim.
A. Trn 15%. B. 2% - 5%. C. 0 2% D. 8% - 12%
Cu 29: Khi cho lung kh hidro (c d) i qua ng nghim cha Al 2O3, FeO, CuO, MgO
nung nng, n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton. Cht rn cn li trong ng nghim gm:
A. Al2O3, FeO, CuO, MgO B. Al, Fe, Cu, Mg
C. Al, Fe, Cu, MgO D. Al2O3, Fe, Cu, MgO
Cu 30: C 5 dung dch mt nhn: CaCl2, MgCl2, FeCl3, FeCl2, NH4Cl.Dng kim loi no
sau y phn bit 5 dung dch trn :
A. Mg B. Cu C. Al D. Na
Cu 31: Khi cc cp kim loi di y ngoi khng kh m, trng hp no Fe b mn:
A. Al Fe B. Cr Fe C. Cu Fe D. Zn Fe
Cu 32: Ngi ta c th iu ch nhm bng cch:
A. in phn nng chy mui nhom B. in phn dung dch mui nhm
C. in phn nng chy nhm oxit D. nhit luyn nhm oxit bng cht kh CO
Cu 33: Cho V lt hn hp kh ( ktc) gm CO v H 2 phn ng vi mt lng d hn hp
rn gm CuO v Fe3O4 nung nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng hn
hp rn gim 0,32 gam. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,560. B. 0,224. C. 0,112. D. 0,448.
Cu 34: Cho phn ng ha hc: Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu. Trong phn ng trn xy ra
A. s kh Fe2+ v s kh Cu2+. B. s kh Fe2+ v s oxi ha Cu.
2+
C. s oxi ha Fe v s kh Cu . D. s oxi ha Fe v s oxi ha Cu.
Cu 35: Cho V lt CO2 (ktc) phn ng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH) 2 2M thu
c 10 gam kt ta. V c gi tr l:
A. 2,24 lt B. 2,24 lt hoc 15,68 lt
C. 15,68 lt D. 22,4 lt
Cu 36: Sp xp cc kim loi sau theo th t gim dn tnh dn in:
A. Fe, Cu, Ag, Al B. Ag, Cu, Al, Fe C. Al, Fe, Cu, Ag D. Cu, Ag, Al, Fe
Cu 37: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch
mui ca chng l:
A. Ba, Ag, Au. B. Fe, Cu, Ag.
C. Mg, Zn, Cu D. Al, Fe, Cr.
Cu 38: Hin tng g xy ra khi cho kh CO2 i qua dd Ca(OH)2 n d:
A. C kt ta trng v kt ta tan ht B. C kt ta trng v kt ta khng tan
C. C kt ta trng D. Khng c hin tng g
Cu 39: Cho phn ng: a Fe + b HNO3 c Fe(NO3)3 + d NO + e H2O.H s a, b, c, d, e
l cc s nguyn, ti gin. Tng (a + b) bng
A. 4 B. 6 C. 5 D. 7
Cu 40: Trong cc loi qung st, qung c hm lng st cao nht l
A. manhetit. B. hematit nu. C. xierit. D. hematit
-----------------------------------------------
----------- HT ----------
132
1 C 11 B 21 D 31 C
2 A 12 A 22 D 32 A
3 A 13 A 23 D 33 D
131
4 C 14 D 24 A 34 B
5 B 15 B 25 D 35 A
6 C 16 D 26 B 36 A
7 C 17 B 27 A 37 B
8 B 18 D 28 C 38 A
9 C 19 A 29 A 39 C
10 B 20 B 30 D 40 C
483
1 A 11 A 21 B 31 C
2 D 12 C 22 A 32 C
3 A 13 D 23 A 33 D
4 B 14 D 24 A 34 C
5 D 15 A 25 B 35 B
6 A 16 B 26 D 36 B
7 D 17 C 27 C 37 B
8 B 18 C 28 B 38 A
9 C 19 D 29 D 39 C
10 C 20 B 30 D 40 A
132
PH LC 5
THI HKII
Thi gian lm bi 60 pht( 40 cu)
M 132
Cu 1: Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Ca, Cr, Fe. S kim loi trong dy tc dng vi H2O
to thnh dd baz l:
A. 4. B. 3. C. 1. D. 2.
Cu 2: Cho dy cc cht: Fe, FeO, Fe 2O3, Fe(OH)2, Fe(OH)3. S cht trong dy khi tc dng
vi dung dch HNO3 long sinh ra sn phm kh (cha nit) l
A. 5 B. 2 C. 4 D. 3
Cu 3: Kim loi no sau y tan trong dd HNO3 c, ngui ?
A. Cr. B. Fe. C. Pb. D. Al.
Cu 4: Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, nguyn t Fe (Z = 26) thuc nhm
A. VIIIB. B. IA. C. IIA. D. VIB.
Cu 5: bo qun natri, ngi ta phi ngm natri trong
A. du ha. B. phenol lng.
C. ru etylic. D. nc.
Cu 6: C 5 dd ring l, mi dd cha 1 cation: NH 4+,Mg2+, Fe3+, Al3+, Na+, nng khong
0,1M. Bng cch dng dd NaOH cho ln lt vo tng dd, c th nhn bit c ti a:
A. dd cha ion NH4+.
B. hai dd cha ion NH4+ v Al3+.
C. ba dd cha ion NH4+, Fe3+v Al3+.
D. nm dd cha ion NH4+,Mg2+, Fe3+, Al3+, Na+
Cu 7: Kh biogas sn xut t cht thi chn nui c s dng lm ngung nhin li u
trong sinh hot nng thn. Tc dng ca vi c s dng biogas l ?
A. pht trin chn nui
B. gii quyt cng n vi c lm nng thn
C. t ly nhi t v gim thiu nhim mi trng
D. Gim gi thnh sn xut du kh
Cu 8: Hai cht no sau y u l hiroxit lng tnh?
A. Ba(OH)2 v Fe(OH)3. B. Cr(OH)3 v Al(OH)3.
C. NaOH v Al(OH)3. D. Ca(OH)2 v Cr(OH)3.
A. xierit. B. hematit C. manhetit. D. hematit nu.
Cu 10: Nc cng l nc c cha nhiu cc ion
A. Cu2+, Fe3+. B. Ca2+, Mg2+.
C. Na+, K+. D. Al3+, Fe3+.
Cu 11: Sc mt kh vo nc brom, thy nc brom b nht mu. Kh l
A. CO. B. CO2.
C. HCl. D. SO2.
Cu 12: Dn 17,6 gam CO2 vo 500 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,6M. Phn ng kt thc thu
c bao nhiu gam kt ta?
A. 20 gam. B. 30 gam.
C. 40 gam. D. 25 gam.
Cu 13: Trong bng tun hon, Mg l kim loi thuc nhm
A. IVA. B. IIA.
C. IIIA. D. IA.
Cu 14: Al2O3 phn ng c vi c hai dung dch:
A. NaOH, HCl. B. NaCl, H2SO4.
133
C. Na2SO4, KOH. D. KCl, NaNO3.
Cu 15: Mt loi ng thau c cha 59,63% Cu v 40,37% Zn. Hp kim ny c cu to tinh
th ca hp cht ha hc gia ng v km. Cng thc ha hc ca hp cht l:
A. Cu3Zn2. B. Cu2Zn3. C. CuZn2. D. Cu2Zn.
Cu 16: Cho 9,3 gam hn hp Zn, Fe phn ng va vi 300ml dung dch HCl 1 M . Khi
lng Zn trong hn hp l:
A. 0,1 mol B. 6,5 g C. 0,05 mol D. 2,8 g
Cu 17: phn bit cc dung dch long: HCl, HNO 3, H2SO4 c th dng thuc th no
sau y?
A. Kim loi nhm v st
B. Dung dch Ba(OH)2 & bt ng kim loi .
C. Dung dch Ca(OH)2.
D. Kim loi st v ng.
Cu 18: Cho 0,96 g ng kim loi tc dng ht vi ddHNO3 c. S mol kh NO2 sinh ra l :
A. 0,03 B. 0,672 C. 0,336 D. 0,015
Cu 19: Nh t t dd H2SO4 long vo dd K2CrO4 th mu ca dd chuyn t:
A. khng mu sang mu da cam. B. mu da cam sang mu vng.
C. khng mu sang mu vng. D. mu vng sang mu da cam.
Cu 20: Trung ho V ml dung dch NaOH 1M bng 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Gi tr ca
V l
A. 400. B. 200.
C. 100. D. 300.
Cu 21: Kim loi X c th kh c Fe 3+ trong dung dch FeCl3 thnh Fe2+ nhng khng
kh c H+ trong dung dch HCl thnh H2. Kim loi X l
A. Fe B. Cu C. Mg D. Zn
Cu 22: Cho dung dch cha 2,8 gam NaOH tc dng vi dung dch cha 3,42 gam
Al2(SO4)3. Sau phn ng khi lng kt ta thu c l?
A. 7,08 B. 3,9 C. 0,78 D. 7,8
Cu 23: Dy gm cc kim loi u phn ng vi nc nhit thng to ra dung dch c
mi trng kim l
A. Be, Na, Ca. B. Na, Cr, K.
C. Na, Ba, K. D. Na, Fe, K.
Cu 24: Mt hp kim gm cc kim loi sau: Ag, Zn, Fe, Cu. Ho cht c th ho tan hon
ton hp kim trn thnh dung dch l
A. Dung dch H2SO4 c ngui B. Dung dch HCl.
C. Dung dich HNO3 long D. Dung dich NaOH.
Cu 25: Cho kh CO d i qua hn hp gm CuO, Al 2O3, MgO (nung nng). Khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton thu c cht rn gm:
A. Cu , Al2O3 , Mg B. Cu , Al2O3 , MgO C. Cu , Al , Mg D. Cu , Al , MgO
Cu 26: Khi lu trong khng kh m mt vt bng st ty (st trng thic) b sy st su
ti lp st bn trong, s xy ra qu trnh:
A. Sn b n mn in ha. B. Fe b n mn ha hc.
C. Sn b n mn ha hc. D. Fe b n mn in ha
Cu 27: Ch dng dung dch KOH phn bit c cc cht ring bit trong nhm no sau
y?
A. Mg, Al2O3, Al. B. Fe, Al2O3, Mg.
C. Mg, K, Na. D. Zn, Al2O3, Al.
A. Cu, Mg. B. Mg, Na. C. Zn, Cu. D. Zn, Na.
134
Cu 29: Cho 5,6 gam Fe tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c th tch kh H2 (ktc) l?
A. 4,48 lt B. 6,72 lt C. 1,12 lt D. 2,24 lt
Cu 30: Ngm 21,6 gam Fe vo dung dch Cu(NO3)2. Sau phn ng thu c 23,2 gam hn
hp rn . Lng ng bm vo st l:
Cu 31: Cho dy cc cht: Al, Na2CO3, CaCO3, FeCl3, AlCl3. S cht trong dy phn ng
vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 3 B. 5 C. 4 D. 2
Cu 32: Ha tan 10g hn hp bt Fe v Fe 2O3 bng mt lng dung dch H2SO4 long va
thu c 2,24 (l) H2 (kc) v dung dch X. Cho dd NaOH d vo thu c kt ta, nung
nng kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i c m(g) cht rn th gi tr ca m
l:
A. 12g B. 11,2g C. 12,4g D. 16g
Cu 33: Ha tan hon ton 14,40 gam kim loi M (ha tr II) trong dd H2SO4 long (d)
thu c 13,44 lt kh H2 (ktc). Kim loi M l
A. Be. B. Ca. C. Ba. D. Mg.
Cu 34: phn bit dung dch Cr2(SO4)3 v dung dch FeCl2 ngi ta dng lng d dung
dch
A. K2SO4. B. NaOH.
C. NaNO3. D. KNO3.
Cu 35: Cho 10 gam mt kim loi kim th tc dng ht vi nc thot ra 5,6 lt kh (ktc).
Tn ca kim loi kim th l
A. Mg. B. Ba.
C. Ca. D. Sr.
Cu 36: Dy gm cc ion c sp xp theo th t tnh oxi ha gim dn t tri sang phi
l:
A. K+, Cu2+, Al3+. B. Cu2+, Al3+, K+. C. K+, Al3+, Cu2+. D. Al3+, Cu2+, K+.
Cu 37: Tc nhn ch yu gy ma axit l:
A. CO v CH4. B. CH4 v NH3. C. SO2 v NO2. D. CO v CO2.
Cu 38: Nguyn liu chnh dng sn xut nhm l
A. qung pirit. B. qung manhetit.
C. qung lmit. D. qung boxit.
Cu 39: Thi mt lung kh CO d qua ng ng m gam hn hp gm CuO, Fe 2O3, FeO,
Al2O3 nung nng c hn hp rn c khi lng 16 gam, dn ton b kh thot ra sc vo
nc vi trong d thy c 15 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l ?
A. 18,4g B. 22,6g C. 13,6g D. 23g
Cu 40: Khi dn t t kh CO2 n d vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 thy c
A. bt kh v kt ta trng. B. bt kh bay ra.
C. kt ta trng xut hin. D. kt ta trng, sau kt ta tan dn
-----------------------------------------------
----------- HT ----------
135
THI HKII
Thi gian lm bi 60 pht( 40 cu)
M 134
Cu 1: Phn ng no sau y khng th s dng iu ch mui Fe(II)?
A. FeO + HCl. B. FeCO3 + HNO3(long)
C. Fe(OH)2 + H2SO4 D. Fe + Fe(NO3)3
Cu 2: Nhm, st, crom khng b ha tan trong dung dch:
A. HCl B. H2SO4 long C. HNO3 long D. HNO3 c,
ngui
A. manhetit. B. hematit nu. C. xierit. D. hematit .
Cu 4: Cc s oxi ho c trng ca crom l:
A. +3, +4, +6. B. +2, +3, +6. C. +1, +2, +4, +6. D. +2; +4, +6.
Cu 5: Cho dy cc kim loi: K, Na, Ca, Ba, Be. S kim loi trong dy kh c nc
nhit thng l?
A. 2 B. 5 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 6: phn bit CO2 v SO2 ch cn dng thuc th l:
A. dd Ba(OH)2. B. CaO. C. dd NaOH. D. nc brom.
Cu 7: Kh CO2 c coi l nh hng n mi trng, v:
A. rt c. B. to bi cho mi trng.
C. gy hiu ng nh knh D. lm gim lng ma.
Cu 8: Dy cc kim loi c th iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui ca
chng l
A. Fe, Cu, Ag. B. Ba, Ag, Cu
C. Mg, Zn, Cu. D. Al, Fe, Cr.
Cu 9: Hp cht no sau y ca st va c tnh oxi ha, va c tnh kh?
A. Fe(OH)3. B. Fe(NO3)3 C. Fe2O3. D. FeO.
Cu 10: M t no di y khng ph hp vi nhm?
A. Cu hnh electron [Ne] 3s2 3p1 B. Tinh th cu to lp phng tm din
C. Mc oxi ha c trng +3 D. th 13, chu k 2, nhm IIIA
Cu 11: C 5 dung dch ring r, mi dung dch cha 1 cation sau: NH 4+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Fe3+,
Al3+ . Ha cht nhn bit 5 dung dch trn l?
A. Na2SO4 B. NaOH C. HCl D. H2SO4
Cu 12: Cho 5,4 gam bt nhm tc dng vi 2 (lit) dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton thu c V lt kh hiro ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,336 lt. B. 0,672 lt. C. 0,448 lt. D. Kt qu khc
Cu 13: Mt loi nc c cha Mg(HCO3)2 v CaCl2 l nc c tnh cng no sau y?
A. Nc cng tm thi B. Nc cng vnh cu
C. Nc cng ton phn D. Nc mm
Cu 14: Natri c th y c km ra khi dung dch mui km khng?
A. Trong trng hp c bit B. C
C. Khng D. Ch khi un nng
Cu 15: in phn vi in cc tr dung dch CuCl 2 vi cng dng in 4 ampe. Sau
3860 giy in phn khi lng catot tng
A. 10,24 gam. B. 2,56 gam.
C. 5,12 gam D. 7,68 gam.
Cu 16: Bao nhiu gam clo tc dng va kim loi st to ra 32,5 gam FeCl3?
A. 23,1 gam B. 21,3 gam
C. 14,2 gam. D. 13,2 gam.
136
Cu 17: C 4 dung dch l: NaOH, H2SO4, HCl, Na2CO3. Ch dng mt ha cht nhn
bit th dng cht no trong s cc cht cho di y?
A. Dd NaCl B. Dd KOH. C. Dd BaCl2 D. Dd HNO3
Cu 18: Cho kh CO kh hon ton n Fe mt hn hp gm: FeO, Fe 2O3, Fe3O4 thy c
4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) thot ra. Th tch CO (ktc) tham gia phn ng l
A. 2,24 lt. B. 4,48 lt.
C. 3,36 lt. D. 1,12 lt.
Cu 19: Nh t t dung dch H2SO4 long vo dung dch K2CrO4 th mu ca dung dch
chuyn t
A. mu da cam sang mu vng.
B. mu vng sang mu da cam.
C. khng mu sang mu da cam.
D. khng mu sang mu vng.
Cu 20: Cho 8,8 gam hai kim loi thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II v hai chu k lin tip
tc dng vi HCl d, thu c 6,72 lt H2 (ktc). Hai kim loi l:
A. Mg v Ca B. Ca v Ba C. Mg v Sr D. Be v Mg
3+
Cu 21: Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca ion Fe ?
Cu 22: Cho hn hp kim loi gm 5,4 gam Al v 2,3 gam Na tc dng vi nc d. Sau
khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton khi lng cht rn cn li l?(bit Al=27; Na=23;
O=16)
Cu 23: Thnh phn ho hc ca thch cao nung l:
A. Ca(H2PO4)2 hoc CaSO4.2H2O B. CaSO4.H2O
C. CaSO4 D. CaSO4. 2H2O
Cu 24: Hai kim loi u phn ng vi dung dch Cu(NO3)2 gii phng kim loi Cu l
A. Fe v Au. B. Al v Ag.
C. Al v Fe. D. Fe v Ag
Cu 25: Kim loi no sau y l kim loi mm nht trong tt c cc kim loi ?
A. Xesi. B. Liti.
C. Kali. D. Natri.
Cu 26: Cation M c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng 2s22p6 l
+
A. Na+. B. Li+.
C. Rb+. D. K+.
Cu 27: nhn bit ion NO3- ngi ta thng dng Cu v dung dch H 2SO4 long v un
nng, bi v:
A. to ra kh c mu nu
B. to ra kt ta c mu vng
C. to ra kh khng mu ha nu trong khng kh.
D. to ra dung dch c mu vng
Cu 28: Tt c cc kim loi Fe, Zn, Cu, Ag u tc dng c vi dung dch
A. HNO3 long. B. H2SO4 long.
C. KOH. D. HCl.
Cu 29: Khi lng b t nhm cn dng thu c 78 gam crom t Cr2O3 bng phn ng
nhi t nhm (gi s hi u sut phn ng l 100%) l
A. 13,5 gam B. 27,0 gam.
C. 54,0 gam. D. 40,5 gam
Cu 30: Ho tan m gam Fe trong dung dch HCl d, sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c
4,48 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l (Cho Fe = 56, H = 1, Cl = 35,5)
137
A. 11,2 B. 5,6 C. 8,4 D. 1,12

A. 7. B. 5. C. 4. D. 6.
Cu 32: Kh hon ton 16 gam Fe 2O3 bng kh CO nhit cao. Kh i ra sau phn ng
c dn vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Khi lng kt ta thu c l:
A. 15 gam B. 20 gam.
C. 25 gam. D. 30 gam
Cu 33: Cho 20 gam hn hp bt Mg v Fe tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy c 1 gam
kh H2 bay ra. Lng mui clorua to ra trong dung dch l bao nhiu gam ?
A. 55,5g. B. 45,5g. C. 60,5g. D. 40,5g.
Cu 34: phn bit dung dch Cr2(SO4)3 v dung dch FeSO4 ngi ta dng lng d dung
dch:
A. NaOH B. NaNO3. C. K2SO4 D. Ba(NO3)2
Cu 35: Ho tan 8,2 gam hn hp bt CaCO3 v MgCO3 trong nc cn 2,016 lt kh CO2
(ktc). S gam mi mui ban u ln lt l bao nhiu?
A. 4,0 gam v 4,1 gam B. 4,2 gam v 4,0 gam
C. Kt qu khc D. 4,0 gam v 4,3gam
Cu 36: Cho cc cp kim loi nguyn cht tip xc trc tip vi nhau : Fe v Pb; Fe v Zn;
Fe v Sn; Fe v Ni. Khi nhng cc cp kim loi trn vo dung dch axit, s cp kim loi
trong Fe b ph hy trc l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 3
Cu 37: Ngi ht thuc l nhiu thng mc cc bnh nguy him v ng h hp. Cht
gy hi ch yu c trong thuc l l:
A. Becberin B. Axit nicotinic C. Mocphin D. Nicotin
Cu 38: nhit thng, kim loi Al tc dng c vi dung dch
A. KNO3 B. Mg(NO3)2 C. Cu(NO3)2 D. Ca(NO3)2
Cu 39: Ho tan 5,6 gam Fe bng dung dch HNO 3 long (d), sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn
phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 3,36. B. 2,24. C. 4,48. D. 6,72.
Cu 40: Dung dch NaOH khng phn ng c vi
A. dung dch KNO3 B. dung dch CuSO4 C. dung dch HNO3 D. dung dch FeCl3
-----------------------------------------------
----------- HT ----------
138
132
1 D 11 D 21 B 31 A
2 D 12 A 22 C 32 C
3 C 13 B 23 C 33 D
4 A 14 A 24 C 34 B
5 A 15 A 25 B 35 C
6 D 16 B 26 D 36 B
7 C 17 B 27 A 37 C
8 B 18 A 28 B 38 D
9 C 19 D 29 D 39 A
10 B 20 C 30 A 40 D
134
1 B 11 B 21 B 31 B
2 D 12 D 22 C 32 D
3 A 13 C 23 B 33 A
4 B 14 C 24 C 34 A
5 D 15 C 25 A 35 C
6 D 16 B 26 A 36 D
7 C 17 C 27 C 37 D
8 A 18 B 28 A 38 C
9 D 19 B 29 D 39 B
10 D 20 A 30 A 40 A
Cho bit nguyn t khi (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t:

H =1 ; C = 12 ; N = 14 ; O = 16 ; Na = 23 ; Mg = 24 ; K = 39 ; Ca = 40
Cu =64 ; Zn = 65 ;Br = 80 ; Ag = 108 ; Ba = 137 ; F = 19 ; Be = 9 ; Li=7
Rb = 85 ; Cs = 133 ; Sr = 88 ; Ni = 59 ; Fe = 56 ; Cl=35,5 ; Mn=55 ; Cr = 52
Al = 27 ; S = 32 ; P = 31 ; Cd = 112 ; Sn = 119 ; Pb = 207
139
140
141

Tai Lieu Hoc Tap Tron Bo Hoa 12

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Tai Lieu Hoc Tap Tron Bo Hoa 12

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Chng I.

b.Thy phn trong mi trng baz ( Phn ng x phng ha ) : l phn ng 1 chiu

- Axit + Ancol Este + H2O

II. Cht bo:

->Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi axit bo gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol.

Cng thc:R1COO-CH2 R1,R2,R3: l gc hidrocacbon

a.Phn ng thy phn:

b. Phn ng x phng ha:

c. Phn ng cng hidro ca cht bo lng thnh cht bo rn (b nhn to)

- Khng n du m qua s dng.

Cu 8. Este A iu ch t ancol metylic c t khi so vi metan l 3,75. Cng thc ca A l:

Cu 9. Trong cng iu kin nhit v p sut , mt lt hi este E nng gp i mt lt kh CO2. E c cu to:

Cu 11. Mt este n chc no c 48,65 % C trong phn t th s ng phn este l:

Cu 12. Khi lng triolein cn sn xut 5 tn tristearin l bao nhiu kg?

Cu 14. Trong cc cng thc sau, cng thc no l ca cht bo?

Cacbohirat c phn thnh ba nhm chnh sau y:

- Monosaccarit- glucoz, fructoz (C6H12O6)

+ L nhm cacbohirat n gin nht, khng th thy phn c.

- isaccarit- saccaroz, mantoz (C12H22O11)

+ L nhm cacbohirat m khi thy phn sinh ra 2 phn t monosaccarit.

- Polisaccarit- tinh bt, xenluloz (C6H10O5)n

- Glucoz l cht rn kt tinh, tinh th khng mu, d tan trong nc

- C v ngt (khng bng ng ma), c trong hu ht cc b phn ca cy (l, hoa, r) c bit l

- Trong mu ngi c mt lng nh glucoz, hu nh khng i (khong 0,1 %)

1. Dng mch h ( 4 th nghim tm ra cu to ca glucozo)

2. Dng mch vng

- Nu nhm OH nh vi C1 nm di mt phng ca vng 6 cnh l -, ngc li nm trn mt

III TNH CHT HA HC

1. Tnh cht ca ancol a chc (poliancol hay poliol)

a) Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng:

C6H12O6 + Cu(OH)2 ........................................................................................

2. Tnh cht ca anehit

CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2]OH CH2OH[CHOH]4COONH4 + 2Ag +

(amoni gluconat) 3NH 3 + H2O

- Vi dung dch Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH, un nng (thuc th Felinh)

CH2OH[CHOH] 4CHO + 2Cu(OH)2 + NaOH CH2OH[CHOH] 4COONa + Cu2O + 2H2O

- Vi dung dch nc brom: mt mu dd brom

CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO + Br2 + H2O .

b) Kh glucoz:bng H2, xt Ni, to

1. iu ch (trong cng nghip)

- Thy phn tinh bt vi xc tc l HCl long hoc enzim

- Thy phn xenluloz vi xc tc HCl c

V NG PHN CA GLUCOZ : FRUCTOZ

Fructoz (C6H12O6) dng mch h l mt polihiroxi xeton, c cng thc cu to thu gn l:

b) Dng mch vng:

- Dng mch vng 5 cnh c 2 dng l fructoz v fructoz

+ Trong dung dch, fructoz tn ti ch yu dng vng 5 cnh

2. Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin

- V ngt ca mt ong ch yu do fructoz (chim ti 40 %)

- Tng t nh Glucoz, Fructoz c tnh cht:

- im khc bit quan trng ca G v F :

+ Fructoz khng phn ng c vi dung dch nc brom( khng lm mt mu dd brom)

+ Khng c phn ng ln men

- C nhiu trong cy ma (nn saccaroz cn c gi l ng ma), c ci ng, tht nt

- C nhiu dng sn phm: ng phn, ng knh, ng ct

- Cng thc cu to v cch nh s ca vng:

III TNH CHT HA HC :

- Tnh cht ancol a chc

- Khng c tnh cht ca andehit

1. Tnh cht ca ancol a chc

C12H22O11 + Cu(OH)2 ......................................................................................

2. Phn ng ca isaccarit (thy phn)

Saccaroz b thy phn thnh glucoz v fructoz khi:

+ un nng vi dung dch axit