BELIEFS AND TEACHINGS Ghulam Sarwar ‘THE MUSLIM EDUCATIONAL TRUSTAuthors prefice to the $t eiton A Saying of Prophet Muhammad 3 “Transient Arabic Symiols (Chang the Lunar Calendar References from the Qura0 Dedication & Du Introduction and Basic Beliels Islzen: Introduction What did you Sear? (4a) Basic Behets Tawhtd ‘The Effect of Tawhtd on Human Lite AL-Qade Wat id you earn? (16) salah (Prophethood) Angels ‘The Books of Alsh What di yo ts? (10) The Qur'a9 Death Akira What did you lear? (td) Basic Duties of Islam. Shahsiiah Salah Woda Ahan (Call wo Prayer) Jgarmah How to perform Salsh Some d's’ fier Salts Salata Witr Sajdatus Sahu (prostation of forgetulnss) (Quda’: making up for missed Salah Saltul Juma’ah (Friday Prayer) SaltcalJanszah (Funeral Prayer) Wor tid you team? (2a) What did you team? (24) 13537 6 20Wa i ye eam? (20 Eleven Sorahs of the Quran Lessons of Salth Zaksh Sav Hay Jihad What did you team? (24) ‘The Life of Muhammad Bircs and Childhood Business Trip to ash-Shann (now Syria) ‘Young Shepherd! “Teenager, Harbul Fijar and Hilal Fuaol Marriage Physical Features Rebuilding of the Ka’bah Search for dhe Truth Receiving the Truth ‘The flan Movement Begins “Alt Accepts Islam Notable Barly Masinis Fd of the Fist Phase Jskamiic Movement Becomes Public “Alt and the Dinner The Prophet 3 on Mount Saft Hostility and Persecution ‘Abo Jal and the Camel Sele TThe Offer of Utbah bin Rabt'ah Another Cunning Proposal Emigration (Hijeah) to Abyssinis (Ethiopia) Efforts to get Emigrants Back “Umar Accepts Islam Boycott and Banishment Year of Sorrow Tif — the Most Difficult Day AL-Mira) (The Ascent) — a timely boost to morale First Covenant of al~'Aqabah Second Covenant of a“Aqabah Hijrah (Emigration) to Madinah ‘The Hijrah of the Prophet & 63 o 0 7” 79-118 92 2 92 92 8 Oy 95, 95, 96 ” 98The Prophet & at Madteah Adbaiy Call to Prayer) Mote amie Datis Laid Down Hard'Task The Battle of Badr (624 CE) ‘The Battle of Ubud (625 CB) The Bate of Abaab or Khandag (627 CE) Hudaibiyab Agreement (628 CB) Latter to Heraclitus — the Emperor of Byzancine Letter to dhe Negus (an-Najthi) dhe ruler of Abyssinia ‘The Conquest of Makkah (630 CE) The Farewell Adgres The Sa News Mision Accomplished Prophee Muhammad’ # Life ta Glance What did you lem? (30) What did you learn? (34) What dy oan? 3 What did jou lean? (38) Al-Khulaft'ur Rashidan (Rightly guided Caliphs) Aba Bake “Umar “Udon 4 * Whar did you la? (4 Wha did you lean? (46) Three Great Muslim Women Kad Fatima oe ‘Rishah se What id you lea? (5) Stories of Some Prophets Adam i Nal (Noah) Tbsahon (Abraham) Masa (Mos) 88 “Tt (lsu) 8 What di you lea? (63) What dd yu lean? (66) What di you learn? (6) 9 tod 04 105 105 106 108 10 at 113 ns 116 nT m8 119 124 122 123 124 125-135 125 128 130 131 14 135 136-140, 136 137 138 140 141-152 141 192 144 146 148 150 151 1520 2 4 Shart'ah (Islamic Law) What did you lear? (7) Social Life in Islan amily Life in Marriage (Nika) ‘Status.of Women in Islam Polygamy and Ilse Wht did you lean? (8) Economic System of slim Hit did you Tears? (2) Political System of Istim Wut sid you lean? (10) Some other aspects of Foot and Drink Dress Festivals What did you Sean? (41) Selected verses from the Qur'an Duties and Obligations Social Manners Basie Virtues Bad Conduct & Prohibitions What did you fear? (12) Selections from the Alviith Dates and Obligations Basic Qualities ‘Manners Bad Conduct Whar td yo Sear? (13) Muslim Countries of the World Population and Resources Muslims Majority Countries Map ‘Muslim Minority Countries Wat did ye ican? (14) [Notes fon Teachers and Parents Suggested arungement of study topics Seles Biblggapy Glossary Index 153-156 156 157-164 157 137 159 162 164 165-168 168 169-171 7 172-175, 172 173 174 5 176-195, 181 Ist 185, 192 195 196-202 196 ws 200 201 202 203-210 203 204 206 208 210 an 213 218 221 21rel seyfcsl—__ Author's preface to the 8th edition A ‘bandit (praise be to Allah, our only Creator, Sestsiner and Watcher ofall our seeds; and peace and blessings of Alah be upon Muianmad 2, the final messenger jf Allah and the Best example for us 0 oll I fel Inmbed to ote that 275,000 pies of my book fam: Flies and Things have been printed in English since 198D, This hr ben poe he ony he rey of Athy lth, Whom hus beso ep fay efforts and grant me Naja (salvation) in dhe ARs (fe afer death), Thi 6 ard bas bee may only ain i writing tis book Thais edition has been thoroughly revised, with akitions a improvements in Langage and content. Ihave now included the Arabic words for che Esgsh word in dhe Glossary. hive abo added the Arabic verses of the Qui’ co chapter 12.A- number of correction including Arabic words and names, have bec mde. Nonetheless there may sil he mistakes, | shal greatly appreciate if the readers would inform me of any tematning eFeors The book is widely used iu the English-speaking workl, and is alko increasingly used in inuined schools in Eland to tach Islan a part ofthe Religious Sedhes cortical. “This book hasako motivated 1 nusnber of non-Masins to cote to the eternal Bis of Ia, This rend, lhamuilith, coneinses, an indebted to Csamah K. Wand, Prof Dr Maawmcid Abia Johar Bee, Dr Fanny Nur Anji, Dr Malanoed Quand Hasan and Naseea Sacer for dei suggestions and comments which have helped me co corcect errs and improve the quality of the book, {pray to Al to revere Farr Yasmern Sarr for redafting all the excess and notes for pares and teachers am geatefil co Ruaiyyoh Waris Magsood (Rosalyn Konda former Head of ‘Religious Studies, ho has improved che exercises, Syed Doha Nuh has enhanced the book by designing the cover; may Allah reward him for his contribution beseech Ash to Dass and rewand my safe, who has pariendly supported me athe discharge of my Mamie dies since the day we sete honded together in wedlock. Las am gratfl wo readers wh have contacted me with their oon suggestions, leis sad to nore thatthe book has been pirate in the USA, luda and the Far Bae, We do not know how many thousands of copies have been pirated, but the estinated suunber i uit subsantal: We would urge publishers, bookseller teachers andall readers uot to sll or buy puted copies of the book. Piracy is a menace and desing in pirated books is lke dealing in stolen goods. We hope the combined efforts of honest publisher, bookseller an readers will helps stop the cancer af pracy. ‘Thope and pray thatthe book will continue to receive support fom teachers parents at ‘young people, Muslims and ned-Mushs, {implore Allsh,my Creator, co accept my sincere efforts | beg Hi to guide ad lp mie to dedicate everything Ihave For His sthe. May He pardon my countless lapses and FiO sme with His mercy and blessings. Ans ‘Ad my sucess ov my tak can oly cme frome ADH fv iP rst ad wate Hl Fe.” (The Qur'an, 11:88) London Chae Sere Mahara 1427 AB ‘nwary 2006 CEsemen A Saying of Prophet Muhammad 2% »ssmaememem all bio al- Wald narrated the following baci: [A Bedouin came one diy to dhe Prope & sl sd t him, "“O, Menenger of Aah! Ive tnd Uo jo 2 feats abobn diy akais Yoke suk Cpe Flea hie™ He a replied. “Al wht on nh. “Tilike wo be the mor eared oF men” “Per Aa, ond jr el Fe he pat ard fm “TL wth co be the richest man ithe wr “mented, ad yon wie th rich mu in the wold “Tike to be the mos just man.” “Das for ots what yu dei fo jor ad you wl the mst jf en” “L want tobe the best of men” “Dig ethers and on at he ta Fat om “1s tobe dhe most fivoared by Aah “ngage mac in AI pre, and yo lem ed by Hl" “Ve ike to compete my faith phe god ane you vl spec your i “Lwsh abe among those wo do good” “Ado Al i fy tif yo doe, Hin, He you iy on le mo thse is do god “1 with tobe obedien to Aah” re AB commas po wil sli,” ike wo be fe froma sins Bath youl fm inate dyn fe fe sis” “tet be rated on he Day of agent the ihe” Don't wang yous on sr atin, sal ol edo the Dy goo in he ht “Tlie Aah to bestow His mercy om me” “A have me on psf sd hs, wl ty mary he ayo ud “The mys wo be sey fe” you sec the fines Ah as, mac yc, you ssw vey fe” “Tillike tobe the mos honourable man” "Yo do ot complain ay lw are, on alte he mst honourable of mc” i ike tobe the songs of ret.” rast i i, ol be he sane fen” “1 ike to enlge ny provision” I yn keep yoru, Al wl ele our vison. ‘7 lke tobe loved by Aah and His messenger” “Af lve hat Al nd Hs nese a, ou il emg i “twit to be sfe from Allis wrath on the Day of Judgement fy do oe your temper wi any of or flew eas, yl fe fon he eth ef ih om he Day f Jude.” ‘4 yo pat d nes1 like my prayers to be responded.” If yo ad fen ations, yop he miponded “Ti ike Allh not to digrace me on the Day of Judgement” WF yu and fo stig All-time ou he Day of aden “rile Ath eo provide se wh rete covering on the Day of Judgement ur lo crests fs, nd AI eo wih covering poe ‘nthe Day "What wil sve me from sine” a es “What athe best deeds inthe eyes oF A? “What aswages the wrath of Allin chs fe and in dhe Mereafier?” "Cama hiya ine 4 che “What extinguishes Hell fires on the Day of Judgement” Vans aderty and (Related by Ahmad ib Hanbal) ‘Sout: A Hadi bok published by The Bac Call Si, pl Lab, cocoa 0¢(12/2100 Of {th esse >as TNC a ‘Correct pronunciation of Arabic words ory syRntans. Incorrect pronunciation changes ‘he meaning ofan Arabic word. Abi won hve to be pronounced correctly Transiteration marks are shown below 252 guide to correct pronunciation. Use marks help to shoss how the word should sound, but it nec posible co show ona printed poge cst how to pronounce wor For example, the word lth should be pronounces conrecty withthe two Ls sounded isin he ast 4 has to be lou sox The ne Munna shoul he pronounced with a glotal sound of Father than he nortal HY sours.with the two Mb sounded cea. ‘Thave used phonetic translerstion for the Bene of our learners 6 tae Fah rather than San al ah aah rather tn a Taide Ideals best co lsen to an Arabic-speaking person, or someone who has Karnes ow co ay Arabic words correctly. Aho snd Yeo resources cae immncesely help Abie Teasiertion English Example Arie Themtraton gst Example symbol gmk send symbol hal eu \ : 88th ' fe tt e 6 a er) ‘ - ews © ‘ tine ig Beth Ce ee ' te tagncn (ee) itt ie » Maimad 0 nae Nb 7 ee oe ON, rn, ss a ines wed 4 wha fun 3 dhe Fig y yer le J 3 i ae sa 3 > my fabh = rm eo San Tio oe ka Fk ie alle BG 2 Sub Dnt eos = sm erm fan woo = Ramin Wi desk Kab b ' = tein ‘ ll joa & ‘ ae ys ° od Diwad ra ~ Spe! oy how Sam i 6 = Mein SS “ te SinnArabic symbols ©» Saath sala ‘hoi be sid when Prophet Peace and blesstgf OF Ath be upon his Moarmal 2 is mentioned 8B Ata la snay be id when 5 prophet Raine beupifhim ‘of Ah enone ipa an (‘un say be said when ail eanianion of May Allah be lesed with hum Prophet Munad 4 eed Raby ‘nia (hal ‘leona) maybe sak when a female cota May llth be pleased with her Prophet Mubanmad & 1s mentioned Memamcvese samme AfAbIC Dales ‘Te lami calendar is ana (based on the eye of the mon). he Hii year has twelve Jun ont and abou 354 dys ong day shorter thn the Western sola yea. amc years are dated fro ee Hl (gttion of Prophet Mubannal & w 622 CE (Christan ‘oF Conano Er) 0 the fis yar othe lime calendar TAH (Aer Hah) Formula to change AH to CE CE = RAH + 622 sample: 1421 AH = 3 (121) + 622 = 2000 CE (aprox) Formula to change CE to AH A= BCE Example: 2000 CE = 3 (2000 62) = 1421 AH pas) The Islamic months ae: Muara, Sai Rl Air Rab Abie Juma Ci, etal Abia, Raat Shean, Ramadsn, Show, fu! Ques, Dhl Hah ‘souserorommmmmns: References {rom the Quran wsekessssrasansees Quotations and references from the Qur'an are followed by the number of the Sarak (chapter) then the numberof the vers, eg (2177) means Sti ves 17 sc ithe sme caper a separated by cma, (2:36, 47-49) meas Sak V6 and eres 47 to 9 ere quoted from dient chapters are separated bya semicolon. (255;586-59) sian St 2, verse 258 and Stn 3 vere 36 03. ulDedication & Dua’ eletgiclaal cate this book to those sincere and selfles slaves of Almighty Allah specially the youth, who willingly and cy they have to jecide to sacrifice everything k His plessureintroduction and Basic Beliefs | vO) Inv the name of Alla de mst Mei de mast Rind ‘comemmememmnemes (1371; INVOCUCON memes Iz +s. complete way offs the gdm for all mankind fom ASH the Creator ofthe Univers: It covers all the things people do in their hfetine. sn tell us the purpose of ou creation, our final destiny an our pace among other creatures tshows us the best way t0conaluct our private and pubic affairs, in sorial, politcal, economic, moral and spi {wlan isan Arabic word which means subpvssion and obedience, Submission is acceptance of Allahs commands, Obedience means pusting Alls commands snto practice. Submission and obedience to llth bring peace, which is why Iso beans peace. A person who accept the slic way of be and ae upon i831 Mason ‘Ah, another Arabic word the propes name of Gad, Muslin prefer to use he word Allah rather than the word God. Allah does not mean he God of dhe Muslims’, 2s somte people wrongly believe. Rather, its the name the Creator has chosen for Himself, llth che Creator of everyone and everything. He is unigue and has no son or daughter. Muslims should begin cheiractions by saying Bismiith which means in the name of All ‘shim is the way of peace and harmony. we fook around, we sce that all things — the sun. the moon and che star, the high mountain and the mighty oceans —~ obey «lar Law of lth, We find no disonder or chaos in them. Everything isin its right place. We see perfect order and total harmony inthe system of Narure that Allah has ‘ereated. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west and there as been no excepsion to chis rule. The moon and the stars shine at night. Night passes,a new day comes, and so the process goes on, Flowers blossom and the tees have green leaves in the spring. Everything has a yet, course that camot be violated. Have you ever noticed any violation in the Law of Allth by these objects of Nature? No, of course not. ‘Why? Simply because they are made to obey Allsh. They have no choice bu 40 obey BThad dina nda Ika fe avceptable 0 Ala i Ia," (8:19) ‘This is why we find eternal peace in the sytem of Natufe, But human beings are different: Allah has given us the knowledge and abifty to choose between right and swrong, Not only this in case we forget He has aso seit us constant reminders, by sending His prophets and books for our geidance.The final messenger of Ath 1s Muluammad #8. and the final book of guidance isthe Qur'an Yet He does not force us to obey Hlim. He has given us the choice either to obey or disobey Him. Why? Because Fe wants to test us. After this test there willbe 3 Day cof reward and punishment. This isthe Day of judgement (Yau). Phose who pass the test will be rewanded with everlasting happiness and peace in Paradise al- anal) ad tose whio fail will suier terrible punshinent sn Hell afin). We ‘an earn this reward and escape punishment by obeying and worshipping AI. We know there i peace and harmony in all of Nature; beeause nothing ever lsobeys Allah, Neither the sun nor the moon, the mountains hor the tees, the animals on land or inthe sea,can disobey Allah — they just behave as He has created thems to behave. They have no choice. ‘The only exceptions are human beings and the fim (reatures We cant see); they have fee will, which means they can choose whether to obey or disobey Allh. Bus if we follow the guidance given (0 us through the prophets, we ate sure to have peace in the world we lve in Al human beings, by their very nature, ike good ching and dislike bad things. For example, we al like truthfulness and hate Hes, Even a Har does not like to be called 2 liar! Whhy? Because we know in our hearts tha telling es i 2 bad thing Tn the same ‘way, helping others, showing kindies, politeness, respect for parents and teachers, Sal, the 14Fronesty and all other forms of good condact are always liked and appreciated: but rudeness, cruelty, coches, disespect to parents and teachers, using, foul language, drug. addiction, stealing, violence and other bad conduet are disiked by cveryone. So, we can sy that human ancure likes ghe Right and dsikes the Hong Rigi is Mati (3 gyn) and wrongs Mar, Abit babel the Qur'an leis aso human nature to love peace and hate disorder. Peace comes font obedience to Allah Law, whilst disorder isthe outcome of disobedience. slam establishes tis peace, which i part of mans nature so, Isim is called the Religion of Nature Arabic this is Dtnul Finuh @ baal 53), “To achieve peace in society, In calls upon, Muslims to work together towards what ight andl co keep away from what i evil This joint effort to root out ev and establish truth is called iktd (9g) which means to ery one’s utmost to see Tiut prevail and Falchood disappear fomi society The atm of Jd is vo seek the pleasure ‘of Allsh. You will learn more about filter in chs book. The Parpose of Human Creation Allah created human beings to do His bidding and obey His commands. Ath says im the Qur'an, His final gutdance for mankine: 1 have not c4cated fi and mankind {hon any other purpose exept to worship Me.” (51:50) “Worship in this verse means total obedience to Allsh’ commands, The Quranic “won! for worship is Tidak (@3LE), Every good thing we do is ‘ind if we do it fr Allan's sake The purpose of dur life sto plese Allah ehrowgh tind ‘dah isthe way to achieve succes axl happinessin th ite and mn he life ae death, Islam or ‘Mohammedanism’ Islam is sometimes incorrectly called ‘Mohammedanisin’ and Muslims Mohammedans’. Other religions have been named after their founder or after the community in which the religion prospered. For example, Cnty has been named after Christ, Buddhism afer Buddha and Judsism afver the tribe of Judah, But Ian has ‘ot been named after Mulummad &. es the nane ofAlltb’ Gaidance for mankind revealed through all che prophets, thi last of whom vas Miamnad a {sam and Muslims are words used in the Quit. The (Quan says, “Surly the way of ie xcept to Ali islam," (3:19) “Le named you Mss fe and inthis.” (22:78) The message of ll the prophets from Adam 8! to Mukammad & is the arse: obey Allah and none other. This message, sent through prophets, was completed at the ‘ime of Mafiannud & who was the lst in the chain of prophethood. This is mentioned in the Qur'an: “This day Ihave perfected your religion for you, completed ray fvnr upon yon and have chosen for yo Islam as your way of ie. "(5:3) Is wrong, thea, to cal stm ‘Mohanimedanism’ and Muslims Moharamnedars 8‘vaissmmonesas sae What did you lear? (Ja) sateen Key Stage 3 (I1=14) L. What is flan? 2. Explain why the word ‘religion’ does not give the full meaning to the word Ishi, 3, How do you think Islan can bring peace? 4. Why do you think Allah does not force ws to obey Him? 5. What does being Masi ely mean? 6 What do we mean when we ya hing in Nature ae in complete harmony? 7. Give some everyday expe of Tho 8. What do the following Arabic words mean: a Shel) bd SLE) c Mom (3g a) Man SE Key Stage 4 (15-16) 1. What is Iam? 2. What docs being a Musi relly mean? 3. Why did Allh create us? 4. What special characteristic has Allah given to frumnans and why? 5. Why is Islam called Dim Fit? 6, White a paragraph on why just having 2 Maslin name does not always make a person Muslim, 7. Write down in your ow words why Isl should not be called Mofiommetaiom 8. rivtly describe the ideals of the Islanie way of life and wiy we should try to live by ther, 9, Discuss how observing Nature anc hon it works points to the existence of a Creator. Use verses ftom the Quanto clarify Key Stage 5 (17-18) 1. "Living ime Ist rhe moder sword is definitely a haenge,” Discuss this statement with regards to advancements in technology and the search for spirituality i ive means continual submission, Some submit to hedoniom, ot political idea; and some faith. Weal submit to something but we oe eto chose.” Explain the meaning of this statement in relation ¢o Islamic teaching.coeemnamoncmemay Bai Blic{) mewmerememunresrare: The basic bei of lin te 1 alt 2 Angels of Allah (Mairi) 3 Books of Allah (Kilt) 4 Messengers of Allah (Rasulo) 5. The Day of Judgement (ined 6 Destiny (l-Qud) 2 Lie ater death ini These belies have been stated precisely in al-Emdnnal Mufassal (fat oa the Faith n deta jal; ld & Syll aa LE ote a 4, hag diy LET aptgee Aimav bili st wo wk, we sl wa yoni aii, sal a rb aaah mill ri, wl hth bal ma “| believe in Ally in Flis angel, in Fis books in Fis messengers, in the Last Day (Diy wf ud) and it the ict that everything good or bad is decided by Allah, te Almighty, and in he life after death” 3 KHIRAH Phebe pps sen some ta wher The Day of lat ncn 1 er de,‘The seven belies may be grouped into three Tawhtd —(oneiind uniqueness of AUzh) ee Ristlah (rophetionnf77 aL.) Kuhirah, (life after death) : io) Th, Risa and Aba suromarise the whole of the Wlaiic ystem oie. So, ‘ve must understand them thoroughly and very clearly. sommmemmnemnionm cece 's [A{{)l{ ectomaen. adnan Tawhtd means the oneness or uniqueness of Allah, Itis the main part of fan (Faith) and is beautflly expresed in Stal Blin the Qura: “Say, He is Alt, rhe One. Allah is Eternal ad Absoluce, None is ora of Hin, no is He form. And there is mone like Him.” (Sak 112) Tahiti the most important (lsmic belief, means that everything on this earth is created by All, Who looks ater and provides forall he needs of every creature. He isthe only Source of Guidance for Jin and human beings. “Tavlid isthe belie in Allah with all His powers. lsh i AlleKnowing, All-Wise and All-Powserful. He is the Merciful, the Kind and the Most-Loving. He is with us all he time. He sees us, but we do noe see Hi He was, san akways will be. He is the First and che Last He has no partner,son or daughter, nor has father or mother He gives us lfe and kes it away. Everyone mast return co Him afier death The fie duty ofa Mastin isto declare his faith To make ths declaration a person sms say in words and believe in his heart — aio illiahu Mata (there is no god except Allah; Muhammad s Allah's messenger). isthese Arabic words ts called ash-Shahadah @3\¢255)(Declaration of Faith). Phere are «wo parts ofthis declaration: (1) 2 ha llth 2) Malmmadur slit The frst pare, ia ilallth hs owo aspects: Negative ain Positive. Laas a Mte ay LA 1LAHA é oe ILLALLAH (er is 0 god) { } (bus Ali) Neestog hp, creative \ a7 NEGATIVE positive (THERE IS NO GOD) (BUT ALLAH) the negative aspect, whilst ilallth is the positive one A believer must frst cleanse his heart of the idea of any other god or any other object of worship: only then can faith in the Oneness of Allah take root inside bis/ her heart ‘Leu try to understand this with an example, Suppose we have a piece of land ‘which is full of weeds and bushes where we want to geow sweat, Now very good wheat seeds in the land without frst cleaning it fly, we cannot hope to get a good wheat crop. So what rust we do? We must cultivate the land, clear che weeds and bushes and prepare the sol before we sow the seeds, We can thus expect good crops Let us compare the land with the human heart. If the heart is fl of belief in fale sods, we cannot expect Tawhtd to take oot there So it must be cleansed of any other sod or object of worship:ony then will Tad take root and the ight of faith wil shine. ‘Tawhtd shapes and influences the entire course of our lie, This is why we must have a clear understanding of its meaning 9‘The vast and majestic universe with ity amazingly flawless system cleanly inicates thar there i one Creator and one Supreme Controller ofthis wonderiul universe. ‘When we think about the onique system and perfect order of the universe, we find no chaos:init."The sun, the’ moon and the galaxy obey the same Supreme Authority. The whole universe obeys the laws of this Supreme Power, Thete is complete cooperation and harmony in. the system. Everything i nicely se im its pice. No improvement can be sggested anal no defect detected Phin superb al perfect combination of order ane beauty is clear proof of the presence of ats All Wise and All-Powerful Creator and Regulator. Had there been more than one Creator and Controller ofthe planets for example, there would have been conflict and chaos (21:22) We notice no such disorder in che universe. The efficient running of school and the stering ofa ca o a ship call for ‘ome headmaster, one driver or one captain, No single intitucion can be run problea five with more than one leader, jus s no car can be driven by more than one person st the same time, The universe, made up of many planets an saris 2 unit. Alls components have 4.common origin and purpose because the universe was debberately created by one Absolute Power. Everything in the universe works in harmoay and co-operstion 36 do the various pats of the buman body The libs ofthe hunyan body seem. co have en Fin bt hy ere ia orl — keeping the body fi and Jnetioning properly somememmmmeem The Effect of Tawhid on Human Ue mera Bele in La tailor Tid has a far-reaching impact on our life BA believer in Tinted surrenders himself completely to the Will of Allth and ‘becomes His true servant and subject. Allah has created afl that is on the earth and in the sky forthe service of mankind. When person surrenders biel to Alls cominatis, he understands and appreciates that All has made all creation for is benefit and we “The Quritn confirms tis when i says, “Have you nat eo how Ath has made al thar i inthe eat subservient yu?” (22:65) “De yo nt see how Ah shares whatever is im Heaven avid whatever is on earth for you? He has lavished His bourties om you both apparent and iden...” (31:20) ‘These two verses clearly indicate that Ailh has created everything on the earth and in the sky for the service and comfort of bimans. The blessing of being served by other objects and eretures is only apparent when we believe and practise Tala. ‘This means we mest be willy obedient to A D It produces in the believer a high degree of self-respect, confidence and contenitment. He knows that he depends on none butt Aliz for the fulfilment of his reeds. He firmly believes thae Allab alone has the power to provid all his requirements 20and no one ele has any power to do good or hart him, When can a believer be confident and develop self-respect? He can be so only when he fels that he depends on none but His Creator forall his needs. He does riot worry because he knows tht Allah will uke cate ofall his weed i he i eraly obedient This belief makes a believer humble and modest. He is never arrogaut or haughty. He isflly aware that everything on earth belongs co Allah and he gains control over the rest of the creation only by beingasubjcee. ot Allth, He ako knows very wel chat sxhatever he has fom Allah. So there is no reason to be proud o arrogant. Belicfin Tavhtd makes a believer dutiful and upright. The believer knows that he rouse carry ont the commands of his Creator t9 succeed i this He and the lie hereafter This awareness keeps hin away from neglecting his duties and eom other Ie makes a person brave and courageous. It removes from his mind the fear of Jeath or concern for safery The believer krows cha itis Al who wil éause death atthe appointed time and none buc He can harm the believer’ safety: So. if he obeys llth he bas nothing to worry about. He goes on doing his duty wiout any fea. HA believer in, fit vonsciousy fees himself 0 be putt of the whole universe His the best ofall creations ofAllsh — the Powerful Master of the whole universe ‘This belief broadens his horizon and his outlook expands BB It produces in a believer trong determination, nd perseverance. The iewer becomes single-minded and dedicates himsel to seeking the please of his ‘magine a boat. It has rudder which guides the boats movement with the rudder ‘under control the boat moves forward prolly over the waves, bu the boat is not controled by the rudder, ts tossed an any direction by every wave Similarly, when , believer surrenders himself to Allah alone, he can go forward in the affairs of life without fear. Buti he does not obey Allah he has to obey false pods like the fear of losing hus job, fear of danger, fear of hunger and the like. When someone believes in Allah alone his life is not ral by such fears BB. The more important effect ofthe belief in. Lt ltha lian i that it makes a person obey Allah’ commnands.A believe: in. Tawi is sure that Allah knows and sees g and he cannot escape Allth’s ever-watchtil eve fora single moment, In fact, Allah snare co him than his own jugular ean (50:16)-So,a cae beliwse does rot commit a sin either secretly or in the darkness of the night because he firmly Weowes that Allah ses everyting al he time ‘A believer in Tawhtd seeks the pleasure of Alith by making his actions reflect his beliefs Belief without practice is wortles in Ist, ‘We Muslims are believers in Tawjt We are Allah servants and subjects, We must practice what we belive in amemes Al-()a7 We bieve that lh has created dhe universe and He i ts Absolute Conrrollr and ‘Regulator. Allith has fixed a set course for everything in the universe; this is called al- Qaie Nothing can happen without the wll and she knowledge of Ash The desony of every creature i aleady known to Allh, (25:2 33:38) But this does not mean that man has no freedom of will We know that man is the li (agent) of Ash on this earth, We ako sow that Ash docs not force ws to do anything Its up tox to abey oF disobey Harn Whether we wl obey or disobey is known to Flim. Bur the fact that Alt Kuows what we ae ing to do dacs not affect oirfeedon occ. Mat doesnot know what his esti is le hs the fee will to choose the course he wal tke ‘We willbe judged on the bass of our intentions on the Day of fudgement. IF we follow Allah's guidance we wil be reward ifn, we will be puted By believing in a-Qadr we tviy that Allth is the Absolute Controller ofall the afr of His univers. ts He Who decides what is good and whats bad Allah alreadly knows the fate of all human beings. This does not mean thac we can do whatever we like, a8 ft would make no difference to wht happens to us. We must py attention to the Divine Ciiance provided by AlSh the Almighty. He ye suman beings free will, We ate free to choose between right and wrong, We will be Judged for our actions on earth onthe Day of Jeet. ‘Allth knows everything. He is the only One Who can judge His subjects. He comnnnds mankind to follow the Divine Guidiice He has prescribed for man’ sucess inthe ite after death. But i depen entirely on the merey of All co judge ‘who wil be rewarded al who will oe ‘Allsh knows what will happen to everyone, but we do not know His foreknowledge is one of His Divine qualities (ay-Sif) ‘Sometimes things happen that do not make sense to us. Why do floods, hurricanes and earthquakes happen? Why do people starve to death iv many countries around che work? Why do people suffer? What makes one man good and another criminal? We do not know all the answers to these questions. We have onily alittle knowledge of the tiniverse, but Allah knows everything We would be wasting time if we blamed ‘Allth for the problems or the bad things that happen, simply because we do not seem tose the reasons behind them. ‘We should have fim fith inthe wisdom of our All-Knowing Creator, ad help people in distress as much awe can ‘We are unable to understand and interpret many of Allah’s actions. ft is meaningless to argue that hana beings act without freedom’ and that we ae force to act the way we do, We decide for ourselves what we will do, anid what we will not, and we are responsible for on own actions Ths feedom of action doesnot contact the face that Ala steady knows what we do or wall do 2emer Wii did you lear? (1b) eee Key Stage 3 (11-14) 1. Look at the diagram of the basic belief on page 17. Can you design your own agra to display the seven basic belief a Mason? What do the Arabic wordsynean: a. Malta CSOSA, Kuala (48\ 3) Risa Lee) Aah yd What does the sived Tawhtd mean? Carflly ead the words of Sora ay Wat does it cel us about Tid? Who isthe Controller of the Universe and how docs He control it? ‘Why do you think the presence of more than one Creator would case problews? Look at the diagtam on page 19,and describe in your own words how it explains the belie in Toad, Key Stage 4 (15-16) 1. “Belgf in Tawhnd ought to change a persons fi." Explain this statement, giving practical examples to clarify your aeswer 2. "Tah, Risalah and Abkiah, explain the whole of the Ila syste fife." Discuss this statement Grou the seve basic beliefs of Isto into the cree basic concepts and create a diagram of your own. 44. What is the Arabic word for each of the wort ited below: a. Faith be. Prophthood —c. The One. Oneness of Ali Angele Books ofAlth —g, Declan of Pith 5. Explain why belief in u-Qai isso important inthe fife of a Musi Key Stage 5 (17-18) 1. Discuss che sighificance ofthe positive and negative aspects of Thi 2. “Bet in’ Tat hast esl action i nde tobe ect.” Justify this staternen in your own words. 3. Give an outline ofthe Iltmic belief that sl-Qad does noe nterfere with a person's free will © choose between right and wrong.seemmemmemcoe: Rah (Prophch(0d) St Risto sa chanel ofcomnication betwee Alt and mankind Al, the Most Merci, has provided ran with Guidance to fll the right course ad 0 make this word a apy and pees place ees. Thare iv reat reward in the Me afer death fr those who fllow this Guidance ‘Since the beginning of Creation, Allah has sent His Guidance for mankind through His chosen agents. Those chosen people at leprosy sng at, pl ani), They asked the people of their time to obey and worship Allah alone. They taugh, idl and rained the people about how to follow the way of Allah Prophets were human beings. We should never fe othe a the son ofA Allah is Oneand He hs uo parte son or daughter Ie iv major sin cosy tha Ash has a son, daughter or partnet “The esse ofall he prophets is one and the sme: Ae Allis Onc si His imesage.The mete so worship Al lone ad to rect ll fae yooh. "Hid send Nt (Noah 0 hi peopled esi My lk, wosip lth yo have wo ther than Him fear for you the karment of an afl ay? (39) tv other woud, all the prophets preached the mosage of ia ah (Thete is no god except Allah) ‘We need Guidance from Allah. As we human beings are weak and frail; we have vo knowledge ofthe future ad the knowledge we do have nite, Ao, we are not perfect. We are eet ble ose whats behind us Human knowledge inary ‘hanges vith cine, Humans ae unable ro make Guidance for ehenneves which ‘ald forall ines anal onions, Thi the reason why la hs bles us with Guidance through jrophes The Quran the le book of Alas Grid Allah has also sent books of Guidance through some of His prophets (2:213,7:52), Thy area alld mesengers nat pn, Prophets an Messengers showed ty their own exatpl how to obey lsh ‘Allah sent prophets to every nation at different times (10:47, 13:7, 35:24). It was necesary to Send prophets at diferent times to bring fongetl human beings back to the right path (Simul Mista Prophets of Allsh According to a saying of Prophet Mulumnad &% the number of prophets is one Iundred and twenty-four dhousand. As Muses, ye must believe in all he prophets and ‘messengers (2:285). Allhs guidance to mankind, which began with Adam 3%, was completed with Muhammad &%,"The Qur'tn mentions only the twenty-five most ‘prominent by nam m4Prophets o/ Allah mentioned in the Quranfeiable appetace wo carry ou het dais, © There are many angels in dhe kingaom of Ath ‘bea’ tl or Jibetl (Gabriel) ‘MiKI?I or Mikal (Michael) © tax (Maal May, cle Araommensemme The BOOKS Of Alah semen so far we have learned that we human beings ate servants of Allah: and His agents on earth. But we need guidance to carry out out duties as Allah's agents, We re unable to guide ourselves because we have many weaknesses within us and we have very limited knowledge of the past, present and future. Only Allah is above all these shortcomings and He alone has the power tive us guidance that is suitable forall tes and places, We know that Allah has not lee us without gaidance and that He has sent prophets to show us the right path i life. In addition to his, He has ako sent books of guidance cheough some prophets His mesengers Allah’ blesings are countless: He provides us with all chat we need. fase imagine how wonderfully He arranges our growth in the tender and affectionate cate of our parents fom birth to youth. Who provides us with food when we are it our mother’s womb? Who fil our mother’s breasts with milk to suckle as soon as Wwe ate born? Allth, che Merci, of course Allah’, greatest fvour to mankind is His Guidance contained in the revealed books. "The pure, perfect and niost usefil knawledge cores only fram Allah, the tah oH Joey TAWRAH =ZABUR INJIL QUR'AN A Muslim believes in all the revealed books which are mentioned in che Quan They are: the Taweah (Tora) of Masa 3 (Moses) the Zab (Psalns) of Dawrnd 8 David), che Injil(Cospl) of ‘fa 28 (Jesus) ancl the Que"Bn revealed to Muhanad &.The Qur'an also mentions the Swf of Ibm #85 Scripture of Abraham).Of the divine books, only the Qur'ty remains unchanged, preserved in is original form, The original Taunt’, Zabtirand in! 20 longer exist. The text available today ‘were written by their followers many yeu alter the death’ of theie prophes."The swriters have changed and ditoreed Allah words. They have mixed divine words with those of human beings. The Bille, which isa collection ofthe books of the Oli tisament and the New “Testament, has been. cransated into. English som, available Hebeew and. Greek ‘manuscripts. carefil reader can easily find sone of the adions and alcraions ‘made to them. “The Bibles ts avalabe todaihas many human ations which do nox appear to be correct’ c's nota divine evelason. It contains numerous misleading misconceptions and fale accounts ofthe prophes. The message of Ath sent through them was ether lost or distorted, because of the neglect or folly of their tollawers. On the other hand, the Quran contains Allah guidance for maokind in its original form) and language, unchanged and undisorted, It esates in clear and unambiguous langage the message of Allah which the followers of earlier prophets have lost.The message cof the Qua valid fr limes and climes. Nae |The Teva Hebe a ee net wy dh Arai (yc agua 1 The Bike com ofthe Ot estat an the Now Fen, de the ve Boks of the Paik (Co, Exo Lots Name sad ode fou gospels Math, Mark, Lk rob The Geof Ba, hil uti emo ot eae conned ee es sen up by Adah Ascot» Chri id refs hs nl es that fa wa ied op by ASH e in th bok t Gin, ee 0-20, i by 1 31-37) aia amor be Fa pop ia vrai yoo ae Sow sca acmmemememmsees (hal cid you lear? (tcl sesame Key Stage 844)" “ $ 1. Whites Rata?) 2. Why ai Ath need eo send so many prophets and messenger? 3. How many prophets ae vamed inthe Quit? 4+ Wirt down the names of foue great angel abd briefly describe their obs. 5. Draw the diagram of the Books of Allh in your eserese book. To whom vas each book reveal? Key Stage 4 (15-16) 1, Whois the fis Popher All 3. Whatisay Sirah Mista i 4 "Ppl mest hae bs ‘vas this necessary? 5. In yoitr own words write ten sentences about the angels of Allah. S 6. Name the revealed books mentioned in the (Qu tt and the form in Which they con ow be found. eiing of i. scala 8" Way Key Stage 5 (17-18) |. Define theiword Ricalah and explain is sigoificanee for our lives, > 2. Explain in your own words the stays and duties of the angels of Allah 3. If bunians possess fie wil, explain why they need guidance from Allzh. Why cane they just do a they like?SHOTS oy iA ES ( M es S aig tig ~cmemanectmmempemmewnan [fie Qu] orn RRR The Qur'an is a unique book. Its the Guidance from our Creator for all Ihumans. It isthe sacred book of Masti an the main source of Le Ile, Mans heeve every word ofthe Qua fom Allh “The Qur'awis the final revelation from Allah to mankind, The revelation to Prophet Muhammad & began in te cave of Hit on the Monit Nin 610 CE, As we have ‘aid, the previous books sent to carlier prophets ito longer exist in their original forts. Only the Qur'an remiains ttichanged. It is the Guidance for all of humanity ancl dhe end of the world Soi cleanly very ioyportnt that dhis book i preserved and kept free from human distortion, No other book in the world can match the Qur'ti in respect of its reconting and preservation, The ating face about this book of ALi that thas rem ‘unchanged even to’ dot over the last fourteen hundred years. Allah che Almighty has Himself taken the responsibility of preserving the Qur'an. He says: “Surely, Hi fave ele this ominder (Dy and La We verily ae is Cain.” (15:9) Tis verse shows that llth revealed the Qua'tn and He will protec it ded, le has protected stom any change whatsoever and His protection wil cninae wil the end ofthe world ‘None except the Creator could have produced the unique verses ofthe Qu Allah challenges humans and Jinn together to produce anything similar to the Qur'an, ‘whilst informing them that they will never be able to do it (2:23: 10:37-38; 17:88). ‘his challenge! retains and will continue to remain, inanswered The Qur'an was recorded as soon as it was revealed under the personal supervision of Prophet Muhammad &.'The Qur'an exise today in its origina form, enatered and undiored. Iisa living miracle inthe sense tha it his survived so many centuries without sufering even the smallest change. Every word of it — every single letter and sound — isin the hears and nds of thousands of Misims who contin to memorise and recite it every day. No variioit of text can be found in it You can check this for yoursel by Hstening co and comparing the recitation of Muslims fom different parts of the work the Language of the Qur'an, unlike the languages of other revealed books, dynamic and very rich language, Millions of people all aver the world use Arabic in their daily lives. Ti shows the relevance of the Qur'aan its universal asefies even in today’s world. “Theol the Qu our Crestor speak tows. clear prof of His Savers cover the universe, and chat He is All-knowing, All-aware. The subject nt of the lis Man sind is ulate goal in ie teachings ‘cover all areas of this life and the life after death. Ie contains principles, teachings and guidance for every area of human activity. The theme of the Qur'an consists broadly of the chive fundamental concepts of Tawltd, Risalal an Akhinah, Tait is the basic 3theme of the Qur'an. All the prophets of Allh called people towards Tiwrtd."The ‘Quran gives vivid description ofthe Paradise which willbe awarded to the erly “obedient servants of All. The severe punishment co be meted out to the evildoers is ako described vivully the Qur'an, The Quran urges people t follow its guidance and teachings. The success of human beings on this earth and in the lie afer death depends on obedience to the teachings of che Que. We cannot perforin ous dies s the servants of Allbh and His agents we do not fllow the Qur'tuThe Quritn urges us to use ou energies and wealth to establish che supremacy of AlN Laws and remove al evils fom the society in which we live ‘The superb syle of he Quay has tremendous eee om its readers. totaly changes the patter» of lie of those who believe and practice its teachings. It leaves 2 soothing effect on the mind of its reader, even if he does no filly unnesssnd is meaning, The Jncrodible effec is hard to describe, it has to be experienced co really appreciate ‘The revelation, collection and compilation of the Que"an The Qurtn was revealed (© Muhamnud & ehrough the angel, le. We ws sent down in stages and completed over a period! of twenty-three year. Fach and every word of the Qurtn was recorded 3s soon a8 it was revealed by Allah tothe Prophet && through the angel intr The verses ofthe Quran were sent dlown at different times accondingto the needs ofthe curly Muslin, frat! carefully instructed che Prophet & in which order the verses should be put together. The Qur'an isnot put together in the order the verses were revealed, nor according to subject matters arrangement is according to Allah phn which shows its strikingly unique characteristics. ‘The Prophet’ secretary, Zaid fa Thai used to recor them exactly asthe Prophet & told him, He would read back to the Prophet && what he had reconted. ‘The Qu'te consists of 114 chapters (Sing, Sta, pl. Stew), The short opening ‘chapter, Siar Fatah (shown on page 32) s followed by the longest chapter of the Qur'an, Stand Baga (The Cov), with 286 verses. The chapters gradually get shorter The shortest chapeer isthe Leh chapter. Sura! Kaur (The Abuadance), ‘which bas just 3 verses: There are 6236 verses (sing, Ath pl Aya) alkogther. Chapters revealed when the Prophet was ving in Mak are known as Maki (Makian) and those revealed in Matas are called Madaut (Madina) The Quy’ is ao divided into 30 pars (ing Jus’ pl Ajza) of roughly equal siz, \hich is convenient for recitation and memorization. Many of the early Muslims memorised che Quit immediately afer the verses awere revealed. Some of the famous Hlufz plural persons who memorised the (Quran; singular; Hafiz). were: ‘adh bn Jabal, Ubddal ie a-Somit, Abd Dar’, Aba Ayyt a aet and bay bie Kah 2the Topkapi Mascwn in Istanbul Turkey ancl the other in Tashkent, Uzbed National Libary of Karachi, Paks has a photocopy of the Tashkent origi, The revelation of the: Quran began in 610 CE ac the cave Hint” on Moune Narin Malka Phe frst revealed verses ae: ope, IL AY Vale fay bis nba Ja lag, Kola nsdn in ‘ag. 2p a ral som, Alla ‘lla bit gata. “Alanis van yan ‘Read in the name of your Lond Who created, ‘Created man from something that chngs. Read, and your Lord is most generous, ‘Who taught by the pen, s Taught man what he did not know." (9621-5) ‘Al yaa lal ken dna ‘ea amar ‘lak mat sot lead isla dn. “This day | have perfected your religion for you, feontpled Mj, aveutopoeryou, -hosen for you Isiten as your way of lif.” (5:3) ss teMany Arabic words used in che Quit are almost impossible to translate into ‘other nguages, including English, However, with the help of the Ast and Sta (biography of the Prophet & and his companions) translations ofthe Qur'tt have been produced in many languages. Muslim scholars have devoted years of study to explain and interpret the Quin in Arabic and other languages. These explanations and interpretations (Exegesis) ne called Tas (sng, Tait) They help ws to understand the Que ts. We seek Allshs help to understand His works and act on them smemos ono morse DCN se Death isan undeniable natural event forall ving things t comes and will conte to every one of us. We will all die, The Qur'dn says “Beery sal taste death.” (3:185: 21:38; 29:57) Death brings an end to our temporary life on this earth It isin occasion of sorrow and grief forthe loved ones of the deceased. In sl, people mourn forthe dead person by reciting the Qur'tn and saying prayers (2) alam reminds us to remain conscioas ofthe fet that death can arrive a any time ‘Only Allah knows when His servanes wall de: Death puts an ert to our hus body bt it does not destroy our soul (rl, The soul is taken away by the angel Mall! Mavt (‘rat oF Arai to Allth (32:11, {A person will behave well and follow Allsh® command if he remains avare of leah and the life after death, In slam, dead body i ritually washed before ii bored. Is then covered with white sheets and fragrance is spread all over iA funeral prayer is conducted before the burial. This prayer is called Sold Janazah. emomenransramemane siaeceuect AKhifQh am-wmmmmmammes sauce ty ‘We have already mentioned two ofthe most snporai bliin Ista: Tt (or cof Allah) and Ria (prophethood!) . Now we will look at the Alia (Life after stat). ‘elie in the Abhinah is vital forall Musins. Our life om this earth is temporary. It is meant to prepare us forthe Akin, which is never-ending. Life on this earth is meaningless if good actions are not rewarded and bad conduct not panished. Why aitend school if bad behaviour goes unpunished and there’ nothing atthe end to reward all our efforts? Inthe same way, life on earth is meaningless if we don’t face the consequences of our actions after death, standing in the majestic Court of Justice ‘of Almighty Ath on the Day of Judgement (Xsevi Ahi or Yau). ‘To prepare oursches for this daywe need to follow the Guidance given chrough the prophess There would have been no need for prophets if there were no ie afer death 35There are people who do not care whether there iva life afer death or nos. Some ddo not ever believe init tall These people will suffer terribly for their disbelief. A sensible person cannot possibly say there is 0 life afer death, He ean be doubstial tout he wall always he ata lose if his doube proves untrue So, the safe course to follow is to believe in ll that che prophets told people wo believe. Not to care about Ahiak isa serious flog, We are certain that all human beings die, 50 iis quite reasonable to prepare for tbat eternal life which, no doubs, will follow death Doubts have been expressed by unbelievers about life after death. They cannot undersaand how Allah ca raise men ad worner after death, But Allah can make hhumman beings out of nothing so why show it be dificult fo Him te raise them after death? (225-7; 36:77-19), The Quin says: “Does man think that esha not assemble his mes? Yes sey ys ie are able 10 restore the very shape of his ingertps.” (73:34) Life on this earth would not be peaceful, rater it would be horrible if all people thought that there, would be no lie afer death, There woul! be no restraint oF contzol on what we do. Belief in the Alinak has a tremendous inluenee on the life ofa Muslim, He knows thac Allh is watching all his actions and he will have to account for them on the Day of Judgement. His conduct and behaviour will therefore bee responsible, controlled and caret, He wil always try to do those dhings which Allsh will favour and give up those actions which will ineur His punishment A Maslon belives that he will be rewarded in the ite ater death for all his goo actions. He will ive in, Heaven, a place of eternal happiness andl peace. ‘Wrong-doers will be punished on the Day of Judgement and will be sent to Hell, 4 place of severe punishment and suffering To prepare for that day and to be rewarded by Allah, he Mercifal and the Kind, ‘we need to do all. that He, demands of us and give up all had habits and wrong actions. We can do this if we follow the Guidance given to. Mubammad & by Alls This is the safest course for our succes in this world and in the Ahi 36memes hat did you ean? (Id) soem Key Stage 3 (11-18) What isthe Qur'an? How many parts are there in the Qui'an? When were the first verses of the Qur't: revealed? What does the Quan say about death? What is a Hafiz of the Qur'an? ‘What is Yiumuddin, and how should we prepare for it? Describe how che Qur'tn came to fe in its presene form Key Stage 4 (15-16) “Through whom was the Qurity revealed to Mummad $2 Who suggested the cousplation of he Quran and why? How long didi take for the evelation af che Qua & be completed? Which verse ofthe Qur'an was revealed fist? elie n the Alita helps to Keep everyting in perspective * Justi his statement i relation to your understanding of stn. 6. What isthe basic message of the Qurtw and how cat i¢ shape our Hives an a modern world? Key Stage 5 (17-18). 1. “The mesage ofthe Qur'an i universal emo though i ns reeled over 1400 years «ga. Just this statement in the form of a newspaper or magazine article 2. “Enjoy today wth no thought for tomons” Explin the disvantages ofthis kind of outlook. and discuss why beliet i the Abia puts-acheck on this acitude co Wie, 5. “Remembering deuth helps to keep us ftom leing hypnotised by the glitter of woudl things Uk does this sebeens teary’ Dist: 7Basic Duties of Islam 2 is ei wich Ms na They SE ha Joie se tin te pine wenn he long Hal (sng Ppt tba) toe Sh BIAS) ghey poy gh a8 ‘Bil isla ‘la hamsin shahadat an ral, signs la, wa t= ska a ha ee sa vad. “Islam is based on five things: declaring that there is no god except Allah ancl that Milammad is the Messenger of Allah, the esiishmien of Sah, the payment of Zak, the Hay/and Saurm in the month of Ramadan fal-Bukan Te station Iefow shows the fv basic duis (not as ils) withthe dy of Ash-Shalitdal i se Cente ha iat ase anna maomnadanThe five pillars which we call he Fie isc Duis as mentioned in the Huth are Shahadah (lecaration of faith) sea ‘Salah (five compulsory daity prayers) Zaki (uelfnecontton) Hajj (pilerinage 66 Mah) Sawn sing duving Romain) vues: Shahid ome comms [A Muslim declares or aie his fth by reciting ines aan 8 ila ialiahae Mhansnadir ast, (These Arabic words mean: “Thor sno go except Alt: Maud isthe messenger of Alb.” This declaration is called al-Kalinanu Tiyt. Ke contains the whole of Isltmic belief There are two pass The fst part (a fiat is abou the Oneness of Anh (Thi wn Arabic) while the second part (Mulnamad nil) concerns i Arabic words of the frst pare ng exeept anc At. The Taw ant Risa of Muhammad &% Islam, called Toadah dah, an Ara Silah, Zak, § them regolatly we perform and Ststainer cp the training x i already know that we belong to Allah a ve like the servants ‘of our Creator, we musty , mest an aihfally 39Neate ammemue seas §9[g)) sect ceumReae ad: Salah she secon pillar of am, refers tothe ive compukory daily prayers Sh is offre five ties a dy inv 1 Iebrings us closer co Hin. The Que 0 god except Myself so worship Me and offer Salah to remember All says ‘deed, Lam Allah; there remeniber Me” (20:14) Salah is the practical proof of our faith in Allah and Isla compulory at certain fixed times, Allah says inthe Qur'a a fixed times hasbeen enjoined on the believers” (4:103) We has been mad The five daly prayers are: Fagoa deem api a lis eg ‘ae Zubr Afier midday until afernoon “Age From ate afemoon wna jst fie snct Maghrib Afier sunset watl daylight ends ‘Isha’ Niele wisi midnight or dae Timings ofthe five duly Salleen enn ‘You should know at this tage how to say Salah Fir, try to understand clearly why we need to offer Salah We offer Sala o remember Ath our Crestor and tobe close to Him and to gain His four. To say yur Sls you muse pure ant clan The Que sys" At oes those who tur to Hl repent and los hase who py thems,” (2:222) iene fact sscalled alata, co is called, ia “They ate not the same, but they ae connected to one another. You may be clean cuwardly and stil nor be pure — it especially important co remove al traces of turine oF excrement fiom dhe lotes wort for Sal, How can we have cleanliness? We can tilly wash the whole body with pore and cleat water of we can have-a part-wash, cleaning only pars of the Body. The fll wvash or bth is called Glas! and the part wash is TVA ablusion), Keepin sind that Maslin are not allowed to have a bath ora shower in the nude on the presence of others. mmmanamemenciane WUdL! +’, yl »\dimmmaameeemmemmans Prophet. Mulamnad aid “Inde, om the Diy of Rereton, ay foe le «called ‘al-Chhurral Ml fom the traces of Wind’, 50 rca ierese the area of his radiance should do so (i.e. by performing abluton regulary)” Before we can begin to say Sah we nist ist prepare ousehes. This preparation includes making sure we are clean, We do this by carrying out Hxda’. ‘Wid’ is essential for pettorming Salah. We must not say Salah without first making Wieder’ Allah says in the Que‘: “O you who believe, when you prepare for Salt, wash your faces and your hands tothe elbows; wipe over your heads and ws your fect up ta the aitles." (5:6) ‘This verse refers co, che compulsory (Fart) pares of Muda’. The additional actions performed by Prophet Muhammad 36 are recommended (Siwmath), and are mentioned in the books of Ahadith. ‘The steps to take are icon) saying the sh (Bama or Bina) —— can ean In the name of Allth, the Most Mercifil, the Most Kind 41Sica eta| | Oe ee grooves and holes of both exts and also pss the wet thumbs behind the ears a igs os cakie sing bee an i al page Wier at Peached Bosal the tea ahd other ars Oe Rey W you made a full Wida’ befor puttingon to take them off every time you repe wks it snot nee it enough co wipe th Ainge socks are this, bu any durable, untorss tick s alsa do, hs type of wiping is valid for ewenty jours only (three days inthe ease of 2 journey) At the end ofall he ops, recite any gig His Cote is One and has no partner punnad is His servane and meenYou should repeat your Wade’ after: Natural dscharges (erie, aces, passing wind andthe ike) Flow of Hood opus tom any pat ofthe body Fall mouth vomiting. ' 3 4 5 “insufficient (eg available water is enough for drinking only), or 3 use of water is harmful (eg. in sicknes) ouaid For Liyammunn you are required to: 1a) Make Nipyu by saying: Bismuth ahaniy rab, chen (8) place both your hhands lightly on earth, sand, stone or any other object having dst on it 2. Blow the dust off your hands and wipe your face withthe trnds once the same way 28 you doin Wid 3 Repeat 1(0) and wipe the right ann from writ to elbow with the let hari and the left arin with the right hand, f Adhan (cll to Prayer) (39 | Prophet iMupanmad 46. by his practice and Sayings, showed that| Musifif men and older boys should offer their compulsory Tepe in coh geégacion ina tnoagoe (tai) Wonven ad gs ay fe thir Sal in ange they Wi A et ‘Salah can be offered privately at-home. ‘To call Muslims to Salth, Prophet Muhanimad & introduced the ‘Adan to signal, that the tine of Salah has artived, The person who calls the Adhaw is called the ‘Mu‘adidhin (Caller). While doing so he faces the Qibla (the direction towards the Ka'bali in Makkah). He raises his hands up to his ears and calls out; ela ea) ea hs akbar “Ali ari aA thar Allah is: oe ireatest Allah is the Greatest Allsh oe: Greatest Allth isthe ea By ayy Bay sige sad cll iii Aad ali ith Hees thr there no Ves ha there isn god except Allah god except Allah 4BN Spey nae EL aN SN Ashhade anna Mahanomadie ratlallah Ash iad aa Muhosrada vs "testify chat Muhammad 1 cestily die Mubhannnad is Allis messenger 's Allah's messenger Hlaiya ‘alas salah Haya hs Rush to Salah Rush to Salah. Oil oe = > iy ‘all fal Haya ala fp Rush to success Rush to success S41 e141 ‘ti alr Ala ir All isthe Greatew Al is he Greatest al Way Lia There is no god except Allah During the Adham for Fur Salah the following words are added after Hai ‘lal galt: 58) ge Se isha As-saltin khainuva nuinan raw “As-yalttu komm minan maw Sah Bertha sles Sih baer than slp mess (G3MN AY | ase gama the secon il eo Sth sid inside the mosque athe beginning oF Sli congregation (Jama‘dh), When the musailis (persons saying Salth) stand in rows, the “Muah sys aah which ithe sare a he Adon except that after Hae Jala, the following words are added: sphal 256 33 5 Seat 8 3 Qad qamatis sla (ad gimatis salah Salah bas begun Salah has begun Usually. che Igamu is sai in a lower voice than the Adan, 45Fard (Compulsory) Salah [A Muslin ms pra tve times a day The compulsory prayer ate called Fa in Arabic. Fach unit of prayer called a mah (45 5). Find nla ares Faje 2 akichs Zubr : 4 rks Age ‘i 4 aks Maghrib 3 makes ish 4 rokahs 17 wales Jun‘ahy soe Rraltals (in place of Zur on Friday) Sunnah Salah Prophet Mukammud & prayed extra ahs in adition to Fad prayers These prayers are called Swmtah, Prophet Muhammad && always prayed two mas before the Find ‘of Faia thtee ras after the Fard of ‘ska even on a journey: The three rakahs afier ‘sha ae called Wir (odd number). Mustins aso pray additional rakahs other thao Fard and Sunol. These are called Nafiah (optional). the Five Daily Salah Fajr Zuhr “Asr Maghrib “Isha” 2 Sunnah 4 Sunnal, 4 Sunnah* 4 Sunnah* 2 Fard 4 Ford, 4 Ford 3 Fard 4 Ford 2 Simca 2sunnh 2 Suma 2 Nafl 2 Natl 2 Nafl 3.Witr a 2 Nall i 2 3 7 7 (thee Seon eine Ayr and A ae Ghar Middl not done eo aly acasionly) 6| Jn addition to the five daily Salt, thete are Sola for other occasions, et Sait Jn every Friday, Sala! ‘ial Fin, Salatad ‘ia Adi aid Sato arom che sont of Romadta. The number of rk’shs in these $uidh ar: Jumu‘ah dul Fite ‘idul Ada ‘Tarawily + Sunnah 29 Sunmah 2 Fard 2 Wajid 2h 4 Sumnab 2 Su 2.Nail 4 0 Hj isa term used in Hana igh for something compukory to a degree less than and. Those who follow Hana igh consider Solana Jontzah, Salt ‘ll Fa, Saou ‘ul Ada and Wit Salah as Wii. “Tran sere after the two Stmaa ras of sha but before the three of Wi Beeween ‘a’ and Fa prayer called Filan was epi offere by the Prophet 6. 1e-9as obligatory forthe Prophet &. Devout Musinns ery to follow the practice. Only those wiro wish to tate the sweetnes of being cose 0 All can appreciate the Benes ofthe aud prayer ‘Times when you must ot pray: 1 From the beginning of sunrise until 15-20 minutes afer fall unris. ‘When the sun- atts eight (zenith or meridian) From the beginning of sunset unt iti lly set J For women during menstruation, and for up co 40 days daring posthildbirth bleeding amcm: HOW tO perform Salah samen A this stage you should be ready to Se saying Your Saloh. Make sure yon have Wiad’ clean body clean Atte a clean place. This show you should do your Sal @ Seid iit a ean pli ikea prayer scx) cig the cred in’ ihe Kaha This called Qipom aid the diestion alle the Qi Arabic I the UK the Qitu is towards the south-east. In other co siferent You will have to find ove its direction before doing your Sa @© $5 your Aut (nection ithe vesbaly ot in your mind. yuh id with the word ies the dzection will be say Allah isthe Greatest Thisis called “Taken tvdn, meaning tat all wondly things are now forbidden to you. rt) S . ir i 48(W Phace your eight hand on your lft hand just below the navel or on the chest (omen and gi pute anon the a Saitanaklamnme we bitwnaie OIE, glory and praise ar forYou, tas, and blesed Your name, wu wal jada, ant exalted is Your Majesty; seu laa shui here is no god burYou. (or you may read gli) seb fo ‘Bil aoa vk Jn the name oF Allah, the Most Mev he Most Ki @ Lecite the rest of Seratul Fiilah (the opening chapcer) of the Qu: 49AMiond Hal ait ani ‘All praise is for Allah the Lord of the Universe Arran ron ‘The Most Meri the Mest Kind ‘ ‘Mali pms an Master of the Day of Judgement ‘You alone we worship, from You {yak nad sip masta‘ alone we seek help. adn masagi, Guide us along the staght path ‘Sil lath nt ‘alin, The path of those whom You have whi agli ‘ola ld it favoured, not of those whe earned ‘Your anger nor of those who went astray (or who are misguted). ‘Then sy, quietly oF loudly: a Amn (© Albh accept our Prayer) ‘The recitation of al-Faihak isa must inal prayers @ ecite any oxher Sao sme verses fin the Quah For example ee sll esi ral In the mame of Allth, the Most Merciful, the Most Kind Ae aol ail ye 8 ae wo o ont Sn we! et els Qala had Say; Hei Ali, the One Allahus sam. Allah is Eternal and Absolute. Lam ylid wala yd. Noni is born of Hin: nor is He born, And there wo ike Him, Wea yo las Soins aha, (Sarat gy 112)@® Bow downs saying Mair -Uhhu, then place your hands on your knees and say three times: Glory 2 ayy Lor, the Great ‘This position is called Ruka (5 S) @® Stand up from Ruka’ saying: mS Allah hears chove who praise Him flowed by ts wid, Rian ‘Our Lord, praise be to You ‘This is called Fvidal as you return to the position of Qiytm (el) (sanding), 51your forehead, nose, palms of both hands, your knees and your toes to my Lord, the Hi TThis position is called Sujad. Your argas shold not touch the flo. it up ftom the Boor ying Alain and sit upright with your knees bent and palms placed om them. Aer 3 moments rest® prostate agin saying Alli alba and tecite Subha rabhiya sla three times. Get up feom this Position saying Alin akbar eee hear and grant eaten‘This completes one rakiah of Salah The second sb is performed in the same way, Baal etn eh my (9 i) i All comphinents ae for Al was slat wt aii and prayers and gooxlnes, Asst ‘laa aiyuhan nabiyy Peace be upon you, © Prophet, su aati we ana snd the Mex of lah and His Beings, Assan ‘ind Peace be upot as ‘oils ain, and on the righteous servants of Al Asad laa ill Testy tht there is no god except Aah wa asd aa Maulana and L testify chat Muhammad se thd asi is His servant and messenger 1 (ol-Bukiars, Mastin) che Sil has three ahs (Maghrib) or four salts (Za, “Agr and ‘a’, stan ‘up tn the remaining mika after shahlud, Bur for» tooth Sala eanain seated ater the second waa ad recite Sah ‘amt nai (blewings for the Prophet) ot Dari (a Persian word): ws ‘ala ati Muhanad, Aaa salt ‘a Kina ww la a fran, ‘nas fund may Allahconma baile ‘alt Mubarwmnadie O Allah, ies Matsa 2 Muhanad, and che family of Mubsammad Ana aia alt Pinna asYou blesed Ibrahim vo ‘la a Tans, and the family of Ibrahim. Jaan sat “Truly You ae Prasewrthy and Glorious. (usin) 53(© A, have been very unjust 20 ns and no one grants pao for is but You, $0 forgive me with Your forgiveness and have mercy on me Sure You are the Foner the Meri (cl-Bulhar, Msi Olid! sf My Lord, make me stats in Sah and ako my descendents: bial mgs sal min dlr ya, ili Lord, and accepe my prayer 1 Hvsidaiya ‘Our Lord, forgive me and my parents anulthebeliewerson the Day of fadgement (Sarl Brahim 14:41) a Latin yaw ygpeace and the mercy of Allh be upon you and then to the lef repeating the words ‘This completes the two-nek'sh Sah Inthe four-nl'ah Salah of Zu, ‘Agr and ‘ba’ the whole procedure i repeated excep that when you getup to comaplete se ‘remaining 0 rak'as (one rah in Maginib and Wid) after Tashahitd, you only recite al-Ftihul in Fard prayers ane no other Stra. In a four-raksh Stanah Sah you should recite another Soak or some verses ofthe Qur'an afterall tiih In the ir two rak‘ahs of the Fant prayer of Fp, Maghrib and ‘ha! the Qur'an is recited aloud while in Zubrand ‘Agritis recited silently: In all prayers, Fish (Subhna rubbipal“aztm and Sublins rabbiyl wt), Tishahind and Dard are sid quietly When the Fa Mag and‘ prayers adn congregation oly. pi one who lead the prayer) recites the Quan aloud. This ako applies to Aan | Juma prayer (Frenday prayer in place of Zu sms ome i afer Sh SSC a cet eee Ces sd pan se rl eA GHICASICD ee yon Sol You can make i'n yoor own swords and in your own language but it 1s better for you to memorise some du'ts mn Arabi Cai pares, oii gi (Our Lond, grant us good inthis wood, arid good in the Hereafter, and sve us tom the punishonent of| Hellfire. (Stan Hagar 2:201) 55Rbbana alana ain ‘Our Lond, we have wronged ourselves vill thse and if You do not forgive us ses tarhomnd and have no merey upon us, fanaetnanns inal Rha, surely we will be among the losers, (Stnutnl Ataf 7:23) DABS praeesp aon mn ts salto (O Allth You are the source of peace 1 ais am aia rom You comes peace, sahawaikta ‘exalted You are, i jot tn (© Lond of Majexy and Honour. (Muslim) py bis, ullhns Sosa ana Wee, cecel Ub Tal Sus oe Fe SOE Seb BAY, eee La iat ‘There is no yod except Alah aval a sla ta, and He is One ani has no partner, Ast wi wb a Sovereignty i His all praise i His sha al ol sha gad anid Hle has power over al things. Alma 9a CO-Alli, one can top You giving fina it, what You want (0 give, sou Lv ya hint man nor give whatYou do not ant given, so yt al dl al ad and none with meas can do snything with their means against You. (ol Buk and Mastin) ems HU Wil 15S Ts ‘The Witr (odd number) prayer has three rak‘asThe firs two mas are said like the firs two rk'chs of the Meghib prayer. Thea after Tasha mn the second rks, stand up sxying, Ali akhar foe the third aki, Recite Stata Fah and some ‘other verses front the Qu but before going to tothe ears saying. kr and recite the following dua’ below ‘your navel or om the chest. Tis‘ i called a Qu 56sa gint shares md gadait and protect me from the evil You have deerced, (anna tag a fa yugda ‘ali, for verily You decree anxl none can decree over You, ‘imal i yah an wai, inwleed to he whom You show allegiance is never abased, (ahaa saan ws tala (© Our Lon! besed ann Fyalted ar'You, (Abn Dawn, atid, thw Mai} mmm Sajdatus SAW (prstaon of fetes! gg lt 3. mm Since we ae hun being, we ae not owe mistakes and eros. we forge to do ‘something in our Salah, we can make up for it by making two extra sufd (prostrations) as we do in any salah of Salah. Thus is called Sadatus Sahw. This is done at the end of ‘the last rak‘ah of Salah, What you have to do is; 1 Say Tithahhid (but not Darna), then torn your face to the tight and say Assaltoa “alain ws vat “Tura your face to the feo ar 3 Then recite Tashalihud again with Dartd and du'2'; ‘Tew tute your fice, fst to dhe right and thon to the Ie saying saloon lon wali A sig differnt sequeiceifllowed by non-tlaalf Masinscat the end ofthe last rash you say ashahhud and Dud, Then turn your face to the right and say Acai‘ ws rama, Turn your fae to ee font, make two exta jd (vith Tasbrh~ Subhana rabbiyal a) Then turn your face tts to the right and then tor the lefi, saying Assaldee ‘alum wa ralewatulah ‘Saidains Saluw is necessary if you forget 10 do any esentials of Salah, for example, the recitation of parts of the Qur'an after al- Fila, forgetting to say ee fist Tasllaad it a four-wk'h Salah, or saying. sam afer aks in a Fout-aah Sal ‘Your Salah wil not be valid if you do ay of the followings he two extn sd With Tbh ~ Sub abil 1 Miss out Niyysh (intention), 5 Do not fice the Qi 2 Miss out Tikal tha. 6 Donot have Wid 3 Fonget to recite al-Faiia 7 Talk during Salth 4 Forget or do not make ruka* 8 Eat or drink during, Salt. or sid 9 Donot sit for Tiskahiud Under chese circumstances, you must repeat your Sulth, Sadat Sahiw will not be enough, 58oe BSI bibs poche fess OS Aloha ina wast © Allah, we seek Your help 10a stage snd ask Your forgiveness sv mm bia wa rata ‘alae and we believe in You and trust in You, sv ut ‘alae bie and we praie You in the best way vm asunder andwethank Youand we arc potungratfl emanate and we east off and forsake ‘man yafira him who dlsobeys You Alanna yk mab © Ailth,You alone we worship laa msl ew nasi and to You we pray and we prostrate, so ia as ws nab and to You we turnin haste, vo nai rabmataka and hope for Your merey sx ab ‘alt, and se fear Your porishment, oma ‘adhe bil kul oi. ‘Your punishment ones the unbebeven, aia) “Then say Alt akbarand bow down in Ruki’ and conmplete the rest of the prayer like the Maghrib prayer. ‘The above i's sed by Muslims who follow Hava igh Another dir" ased by “Muslims following other figh or madhhab i CAG ese ay pissy, ie oak 9, Allanmahint foo had, OAllth, guide me swith those You have guided, saint fa “i, pardon mse wit those Yu hae pandoned vo caval fina awl, be am ally to me swith those whom You are anally to, su ari fa ata bes me for what You have bestowed, 57cemmmenms (Jada (eLcadt making up for missed Salah memes ‘We mus ay yt fer Salk tthe right cin and ake every eft not to mi our Sl I'yu mi your Sh, you mut do ita the ist opportnity. Petting 2 nied Sa ars proper ime led Ql! ‘wcmmmmmmmnns Salatul Jumu‘ah (day Prayer) Anan)! BSC mmmonimomenas Sal Jumu‘a or Friday Prayer (oot Jum or. Jna, 5 some Musi incorrectly si) is offered in congregation. All adult Mii men rmt tke par. tis offered on Friday daring Zine. Its nota mvs for women, bt they can join this prayer if it does not upset their household duties. People assemble for ths Salat ihimediately er noon, Upon arial atthe mosque cor the prayer hall, hey offer four or more vai‘ahs Sunmaie prayer and then the fram (prayer leader) delivers a Klhuthah (sermon). After che Khuthal, the Iman: leads two vuk‘ahs Fand prayer. After the Fund prayer, six or mote raie‘ahs of Sunnah and Natt prayers ae-offered ilvkualy by each person ‘Muslins area cononiniy Sil uma sa community prayer. Every week, on Friday, Muslims living in an area get together co offer this prayer. This day is likened to a weekly ‘Ii (festival) for Muslims. Mosques were the centte of all Islamic activity during our Prophees 4% ame, but this is not so nowadays, Friday priger a ociion fo the assily of Mins ity gen ate ives ther a apply to ice dd adsl that Ein pebeh develops cooperition, cohesion and understanding. In an Islamic state, the Head of State or his representative or the local leader is supposed to lad the five daily prayers and the Friday payer at checental mosque of the capital city or the central mosque of the locality. Prophet Muhanad &%, the first ead of the lic tein Mad, sed to ea ll the pres in a Maida Nhe How nice it would be to live in a country where the Head of State or his representative othe lc ear lathe prayer in the cena muque ofthe capil or of he are! May Allah help us to revive this practice in all Muslim countries. Ami! face bag semmmemenms Salatul fanazah (une aye 3) Lol 2 We have already briefly mentioned death and Sulatul Jantzah. We shall all die. Whe 2 Muslim dies, the body is given a simple ritual wash and then a funeral prayer called Salatul jantzal is offered in congregation. This Salah, unlike other Salah, has neither any ml (bowing) nor ny sud (protration) and you dot hae to recite Ts {eis a collective duty (Fiandu Kifyah) ov all che Muslims of the locality of the dead person. Ifa number ofthe join an, the duty is cischangol on behalf fal. Ifo one joins in everyone of the locality wl be considered snl befime Allah This is how the prayer is offered: 591 Make ‘iypl (tendon) chat you are saying this prayer to Allah forthe dead person. 2 Stan! in rows facing the Qiblal The coffin is placed in feont ofthe congrepacion ona bier 3 Say Ali akbar after the lan, (his is Takttaal Hams there ace chee snore ‘ukdtet after this), easing your bands up to your ears. Then lower thems, plicng dem, ‘on or below your ches, putting the right hand on the lei, and recite the following ee Sy NL, Ba SN Bb ay, oe Sublitnakallahvmna sea bibamdikea O/Allth, glory and praise are for You, wt bab and blened Your Name, ne 0 ad 2nd xed Your Majesty, al thon an Gloriods sour rise te hag and thee sno you but You for you may read shi {Some Muss not following Elan figh vite Sanaed Fal instead ofthe above) 4 Now che fmam will sy Alsi ak lowly: you fllow bien repeating the words ‘quietly There is no need 6 raise your hanks up co your ears his ine-Then, recite Dart 5. Alter this, the chin, hdr will be said loudly by the dtm and those ia che geen wl epi tqetyThen the den peson anal nle Man, recite the follow pape geass Eel pill. ach, tS, i) (yi ecrenapatys Aliatunnaglr ibaiyina O Alli ongive thove ous who are ae ths main’ anil those who have passed aay, sw habia ws hina those present and those absent, wa gaghtsing wt kubtrina and our young and elderly, tna daring a wath, the mals and she females Allaurasa Olah, man ahyaitalus mina bbe whom You keep alve fiom among us, “fyi ‘ll sii tnake hin ive according co In, wr man tain mind ad he whom You wish to ie fons sion, fatavvatfen ‘ak td let hi die im ehe state-of Ft (ith). (at-Tirwidtt, Ab Daw) 60the dead person is an adult female Mush, then the second pare of this ‘ais Allume O Alls, man ayia va she witom You keep lie fo anion us, {ayia all islam, make her le according to Iii, wa oan tala min and she whom You wish to die from among ts, fata ‘lal les her dle in the state of am, Wee deceased va boy, dhe rect the flowing Wale, (el ihe bs Wale i es ats aun ha tft eft in a sh tj ot dain adn rtm ah on adnate md tb le Oo sai neigh plang It the deceased isa git, then recite the following Aloha fa farts © Allth, make her our forerunner ald Lana jr ws dba caxloke ber forusarewarlandawesure ng alld Tan saat ax make her one who wil plead for us swt sushi and accept her pleading. (After reciting whichever du‘ is appropriate fr the dead person, he fd says the fox rk loudly and those in the congregation repeat it quit. 7 ‘Then the fans earns his face fst to the-righe saying lsat” ‘lake we ‘alm. and chen to the left repeating the same words, Follow the fam, repeating the words quietly ‘This completes Salant fanazah. 61‘wecsamacoasmacnmas What did you lear? (22) summonses Key Stage 3 (11-14) 1 Name the five basic duties of Iltm and explain why they are so important in che fife of a Musi Write out the declaration of faith, [Name the five daily prayers, and explain the reason hehind their spacing? ‘What does Fard mean? Add up how many Fard rl’als there are in the Eve daily prayers? ser 5. What is Jahan? 6. What are the tines in which we should not pray? 7. Write the meanings of, a. Qi b. Qian Ruka! 4. Sujad Key Stage 4 (15-16) 1. “sami based on fie things...” Read the Hud stated on page 40 abou the five pillars of Islam, and explain how they are intended co transform a Muslin’ lif 2. It performing regular Salah does not affect our ives, there must be something wrong in our awareness of Allsh, Why? Explain in deta Key Stage 5 (17-18) 1, “Our Salis theft thing we will be asked about when we die and stand before lah” Explain the significance ofthis statement i elation to the benetis of Silah Making Niypak (intention) is vital at the start of Sua, Why is a Niypah so important in every action of a Masi ecece What did you learn? (2b) Key Stage 3 (11-14) Write the names ofthe five daily prayers with their timings ‘What should you reciteafer you finish your Mada! Write its meaningin English When does Hida’ need ta be done again? Why is Tako importnc in the life of a Muslim? What is ays, and why would 3 Muslin do this? 6. Write the meaning, of 2. Bismillah abi ran b.A na ili mina share rtm What did you lear? (2c) ess Key Stage 3 (11-14) What is the meaning of Tishth which is recited in Roki’? What do we recite in Sujtd? What 1s Sojdatus Sulw? Give two examples of instances when Sajdatus Sahu could be done. ‘Give four examples of things wich invalidate your Saith ‘What isthe importance of Sala fens? 16. When are you not allowed to say your Salah? ‘What is Salat Jondzah? When well you be guilty if you did not join i? 63cms fleven Surahs of the QUAN: sans aloe 1 Saratul Fatibah (1) Bisnilaay ean Allan ita abil arn Anbu ht Mati yn tn, Ay tka nab nip masta‘ ads ital stg. Sia Ls amt ‘sib, gh mld ‘ais wy bad dain Inthe name of Allah, the Most Merci, the All praise is for All, the Lord of che Un ‘The Most Mercfil, the Most Kin Master of the Day of Judgement. You alone we worship, fm Vallone we seck help. Guide us along the straight path The path of those hors You have favoured, not of those who earned Your anger nor of those who went astray {or who are msgid), of2. Sairatun Nas (114) olay isl bmi Ql aad hain Malkin as, liains, Min shar ssi hanna, Alladit yous sudan nas Mina na na {In the name of Allah. the Most Merciful, the Most Kind Say. seek refuge in che Lond of mankind, the King of mankind, the God of mankind, fiom the mischief of the sneaking whisperer (who whispers seeethy), ‘who whispers into the hearts of mankind, fron among Jomn and rhankind 3) Seat Falag (113) Ct apie ae 3, je = LEN) sl FS yy satel pS yy sy Bismillahir sahonanir ral. Qui td bi aa, Min shard lag, ls mi shar ghasigin i wg, 1s min share ica 6 ng Ws ni shar si aad In che mame of Allah, the Most Met the Most Kind Say, [seek refuge in the Lord of the Daybreak, fiom the ei of what He has crested, and from the evil of the darkness when it is intense, and from the evil of those who blow on knots (practise witchcraft), and from the evil of the envier when he envies. 654 Soratul Tkhlas (112) { t Bismtiai rali vns i Ql doa ea i Alloa sama. i Lam yald ws tam i Wis fm po oh ki aad tn the name of Allth, the Most Merciful, the Most Kind. { Say; He is Allah, the One, | Allth is Eternal and Absolue (lives forever and is above all need). i [None ms born of Hin nor is He bora. } ‘And there is none like Him. a ! 5 Soratul Lahab (111) aye / bine } | { “Taba yada bt Ihab wstabh } Ma gla ‘anh mah ws ash ‘Sayusit nanan daa la, Wena’ ama hata, jt halon mi asad fu the name of Allah, che Most Merciful, the Most Kind. May the hands of Aba Lahab perish—doomed he i i "Hs wealth and his gains shall not help him F He shall enter a blazing fire, t and his wife, the cartier of firewood, shall have a rope of pal fibre around her neck,6 Saratun Nase (110) ‘Bisoilahir rar, aja wast wal ah, Wi vata sa yuo tila fa FFasabbihbiondi vob ws Timah ana ta mn the name of Allh, che Most Mereiful. che Most Kind, When che help of Allah comes and the conquest, and you see the people accepting che religion of Allah in lange numbers, then glorify the praises of your Lord, and seck His forgiveness. He is ever ready o forgive. 7 Sorat Karan (109) St nelly. acne Bu Xo. isla eaisn, (Qui yaya darn, La a'budu a tabu, fa aun ‘hide wo aud, Ws It ama ‘Ohio a ‘aati, Kato Did bud, Laks dk fy an, In the name of Ath, the Most Merciful, the Most Kind, Say: O unbelievers! 1 do not worship what you worship, and you do not worship what I worship. ‘Nor will worship what you worship, and you will not worship what I worship, You have your own religion and I have mine. o8 Saratul Kawthar (108) hurt tania kato Fasall lbs wankar Ii seas hema ca, In the name of Alith, che Most Mere, the Most Kind Indeed we have given you the Kawthar (Fountain of Abundance), So pray to your Lord and make sxritice. ‘Surely your hater isthe one cutoff (i.e. without an hei). 9 Soratul Ma‘an (107) Fe ll Biola rani salt, Ara’ atal la yada in ahaa! tadht ya‘ yr Wi a yal ‘ala ft mise Paull il mais Allain hur ‘an sau saham Aladin oun wn, Wa yanmar 2, Un the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, dhe Most Kind, Have you seen him who denies the religion (the judgement)? It isthe who (harshly) pushes ase dhe orphan, and does not urge others to feed the poor and the needy ‘Woe ro those who do their Salah bout are forgetful oftheir Salah, who show off ‘bt refuse to give even the smallest help other 4810 Sarah Queaish (106) ars smilie nba at ag Tigi sibs ia’ sai Fly bud atin halal bait Alla oso un tin mo aan mi a In the name of Allh, the Most Merciful, the Most Kind. For the tradition of the Qu their eadition of taveling in winter and summer, So they should worship the Lond ofthis house, ‘Who has fed chem and protected them from hunger, and made them safe fom fear. ish 11 Sarat Fa (105) eee Alan ta kf fala abun bi oil Alam yj aida. f tag Wis asa “alain tina bab Tenth biasing aja‘ agi ue Inthe name of Ath the Most Merciful the Most Kin Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the people ofthe elephant? Did He not make their schemes to be nothing, and send against chem flocks of bind, which pelted chem with stones of hard-baked clay? ‘Thus he made them like eaten straw, 9ee mes (6550115 Of $al2h “enema: Sols the most nportant ofthe five basic dics of Tn fer Salad, We come closer to All by performing it correctly rgulitiy and with fll avanenes of ts significance and meaning. At this stage, refresh your memory about the purpose of cour eration andthe ned for performing Wie duties: Alt has crested us «0 sworship Hin, He says nthe Qur'an: “faded Px fim and hua eins fr mo ‘ve pps bn rip Me,” (Staal Dip 5:58) So, whatever day we carey out, we mst sen ind chit we are doing forthe sake of Ath. Only then can ve expect to gain che desired benefits ofthe peronmance of Sal ‘The lessons of Salah are 1. ening: mew and women doer to Ala 2, ees aman ins any fom indecent, shan fis ties (Sant “Akshar 29°45) J. Ih isa mining progamine designed tocol ei dens ond pasion 4. It pifes the heart, develops the mand and comforts the sou 5. Iris a constane reminder of Allah and His greatness. 6. teens dine and willpower. 7. trica git the most pg wy of if RL pg of tre equity oid ity and viel other 9. ttc the soune of pate, course, hope ae coe 10. this means of deatines pity and punctuality 11, It develops gratitude, unity and refinenent 12. isthe densa fou bedicne ou Citic 13. ie rogues sto mah ou tons wit our wns 14. his he sali proramine f preparing es for iad — ving one mort a leu Allah, four Salah does not improve our & sve ate going wrong duct we must think seriously about where sveamsscon Takah Zokth (welfare contribution) is the third pillar of Islam. The Arabic word Zekih means"to purify or cleanse”, Zakak isto be paid once a year on savings atthe rate of vo ad a hl pe cent, This rate applies co cash, hank svings and gold and siber {jewellery The rate for cattle and agricultural produce is different. Payment of Zakah is a means of keeping our wealth clear of greed and selfishness. Ie alo encourages us to be honest in our earings and expenditure ‘Zakah sa compulsory payment and is neither charity nor a tax. Charity is optional and taxes can be used by the state for any purpose, but Zaki has to be spent under tived headings like helping the poor, the needy, payment of salaries co is collectors, 70Nisib and Rate of Zakah, Amount which determines the Wealth on whieh | payment of Zaha {Agricultural produce | § Avg ako Aung (653 hg) per harvest 2 Golde 15 grams of gold oF ornaments of gold snl | 595 gras of ver silver 5, Cashin hand ore | Value 595 grams of Zaki s payable Nib) Rate of Zak | 596m ease of irgated land 10% of | praduce tou santo la a 23% of value the ak saver? 4. Merchandise Value of 395 pram af | 2.59% of le of goods sivert 5, Cows and btfsloes | 30 in sumer For evry 30, one I-yeu-o or every Wane 2-year 6, Goats and sheep | 40 wumber 7Produce of mines | Any quantities fr ‘One fr the Bt #0; wo for 120; dre for 0; one more for every 100, 20% of wale of produce 8. Camels in number 2) up Wo 24, ome sheep oF goa foreach five came 125-35, one I-yeuroldshe-came «) 46-45, one 2-year-o she-camel 8) 46-4, one 3-searoldshe-camel 1) 61-75, one 4eat-old she-camel 1) 76:90, ews 2-featoldshe-earek 19) 91-120, ew 3-year she came 1h 121 or move, one 2-year-old se-catel for each additional 40, or one 3-yea-old she-cane! for cach adn 5 * Figs Zakah — Yas s-Qura, vl. 1, pages 36, 372-373 (ir, 1977. Enis eandaion by Monzer Kabf, pages 232-236 (Loin, 19) nto ree captives and debtors for travellers in need, ro win over heart of new converts and for the cause of Allah (9:() Zakah is an act of Thtdah, “badal is an Arabic terwn which means worship and obedience. Ir includes al those activities which Alth approves and these should he done for All’ sake. We pay Zakth to gain Allsh’s favour. Zakth provides us with the opportinity of sharing our excess wealth with those less fortunate than ourveles.In fat we and our weak belong to Allh, He isthe real owner and we are merely the tastes of His wealth We do our dry as trustees if we pay Zit asan obligatory part of hth, The words Zea ad Sadagl are use interchangeably in the Qur'an We learned earlier that Iam is complete code of life which includes, amon ‘other things, the economic side of life. Islam has ts own economic principles. Zak is one ofthe basic principles ofthe Islimic economy based on social welfare and the fair distribution of wealth. In addition to the compulsory payment of Zak, Mustinis are encouraged to make voluntary contributions to help the poor and needy.and for other social were porposes. This voluntary contribution is called Sadagah (charity). “Through the payment of Zak che rch share their weath with the poor an thus the process of concentration of wealth checked anda fir distribution of wealth is ensured, ‘The categories forthe use of Zakith are mentioned in the Qu (Stet Tita 260), a cearrteenmencamentenets \ iY) ere svemabeiatem ce Save (sting), the fourth basic duty of bse, is another act of ada. AIL adult Muslims must fast from dawn to sunset every day of Ramadan, the ninth month of the amuic calendar. Tis means abstaining from eating drinking and conjugal relations cturing the hours of fasting. Travellers and the sick can defer fasting during Ramada and make up fori ater Suen develops self-control and helps us to overcame selfishness, greed, laziness and other faults. I's an annual eating programme to refresh us for doing our duties for Allah, oar Creator and Sustainer, Saunt enables us to experience the pangx of bhonger and hirst. We feel for ourselves what iti ke to be hungry. We can begin to appreciate what i¢ must be like for the poor and the unfortunate — the millions who go hungry every day Fasting develops self-control, and ceaches us not to thi Just about comfort. It also helps us to restrain our sexual passions. We must earn to ‘control our appetite for food, love of comfort and sexual desires if we would like to be true servants of Allah ‘Sau helps ws to remain taly obedient to Allshs commands That is why the Qu’ says “O por ao bel, ising i prescribed or you a ws psd fr thas fie you that ou ae espe ob al sent. (2183) Ataly obedient Mes i called a mug (a person with 17) and his erue obedience or piety — developed through Saum — is now a gr in Ist, Tagua keeps a person assay foo sn and vices nRama is oath of Allah's blessings (barakah), mercy (bm) forgiveness {maghfra). Ie belps us to escape from the purishment of Helin the fe afer death, Fasting only for Allah's ake and he will give deligiufl and attactiverewacds for this the le afer death, The fllowang acts wil break the fas if they occur daring the fing hours a. Deliberate eating or drinking bh Anything entering the body chrough the nose or mouths this includes smoking or siting any powdered substance Having any conjugal relatos (sex between husband and vate An injection in the muscles allowed during fasting but not nutritional injection. ‘Unintentional eating or drtaking due to forgetfles or rinsing ot the mouth of buthing and pating drops in the eye do not make the fae ial ‘A Muslin js expected 0 keep away from all bad aexions during his fat, He should sot cell ie break a promise-ot do any decciil acts unbetiting of Muslim. The very purpose of fisting to enable’ a Mila 0 contro his pasion, so that ive becomes a person of good deeds aie ntentiens. Angee — 2 common human ‘weakness — can aso: be brought under contiol by fasting, ln addition tothe compulsory fasting in Ramada, 3 Mush may fast during other times ofthe year: These fists ae treated a Sin. Women are exempted fron fisting during mensuation or pox-childbih Bleeding, ‘They are required to make up the day lost during this petiod at sone the time of the year.A Mastin, snust not fast 2. On the day of dl Fg tb On the day of ul Ada The Qurae wars revealed in the month of Retiadan. There isa night in the sooth which is"better than a thousand months” (7:3). This night i called Lad (Qudr (Night of Powe). According to Had, cis night occuts during the last ten days of Ramadan (qos probably the odd-numbered nights) Iisa might of great ‘muportance; we should worship as mac a we canon this night. An ational prayer known a Trt (20 nals or 8 aly) is offered during Ramadan after ‘sh’. This i a sonal prayer in which efforts are made to recite 3s ‘much of the Quray as posible. In many mosques, the whole Quan is recited in Tarduth prayer. This prayer is generally offered in congregation. Those who cannot jin a congregation should offer Tduth at home.A pre-dawn meal Known 28 Slit is taken in Ramadan, Acthe end of Ranadtu Mustimscelebrate ‘du! Fi dy of thankspiving and happines. Ics one ofthe happy an joyfal occasions for the Musim community: On this dy. Mists offer special prayers in congregation and thank Allh fe His bless an BAl-Ka’bahi — The ‘House of Aah ET 5 Haj Haj the if pillar of lam. is vst to -Karhal che hotse of Al in nce in afte by those Mains wo can ff and are physically fico make the Journey ts performed during the period 8-13 Du! Hija the twelfth month of the Islamic calendar (3:97; Mr 219 A-Karhl abo known 2s Baitlah (M145 (House of Allah), 3 cube-lke one storey building which was bul orginally by Brophy bea) and his son Irma (shina), es the fre house ever built forthe sole purpose ofthe worship of Al (3:96) All has les l-Ka uh Mesins fom all ve he work The occasion may righty be cilled the Anal eration Mastin Asenb Dring ij bie brother becores paca apparcot dea BE exp a special way by everyone who tke pare, Darirs of ignage territory colour and bere rnced in‘ace disappear and the bond of faith is uppermost. Bveryone has the same status in the House of Allah = the sarus of His servant. Haj has a nucnber of important rituals associated with it including 1. Pating on Uhm (2:200), (9) : 2. Going around al Kath seven fies (2:20), called Tawa (3 3. A fast we bowen -Saft and al-Marvh near al-Ka bak (2158). (Sa're «(28 4. Visiting sd toying at Mina Aru ond Mai (2:18) oneal 5. Thong pebbles a te fed places Min (2-200) em sab.) 6. Shao tinming hatr(2:200; 48:27). | aly 34) 7. Swi of an snimal(2:196, 200). Sn At the time of Haji. while approaching, Maik « pit must put oit fat before reaching.a point called Mat (tation). For men, Urdu consists of tw sheets ‘of unsewn white cloth This isthe very simple form of dress pilgrim must wear in pce of his normal everyday clothes. For a woman, nim 3s her andinary norte ess. ‘This change is very significance reminds the pilgrim of his poston i relation co Allth, He is humble servant of his Creator. tao remind him that afer death he will be wrapped in white sheets and his favourite or expensive clothes will be let behind The humility simplicity and commonality become evident ‘Whew putting on Zinn, pilgrims express their intention (Niyy by siying:“T intend co put on is for Hay.” There ate thew some restrictions on the pilgeim while in the sate of dint, He or she must na: 4. ws pefome help oreteniopnent of onary daily ie ‘Gill or harm animals, even insets to fet that everyting felons to Alla bret oF uproot plants = toil one's weg for aggression ad Feet foe for naire dt = “to develop mercy “marry orate pa in @ wedding to forget normal fe ad ik of the Creator Ld anything dishonest or anrgant to behave tke servant of Ath carry arm: = togine wp agressive atitudes fh cover the hoa (males) tx exprsshumbleness 4. cover the fe females) = tafe a pure atmosphere Je wear ses covering ankles te express simplicity cat hair o dip nails express non-interference with nature have conjugal rations to fener worldly pleasure BAl dhes estritons make a pilgrim think of Allah an his ukinate goa in ife — succes in the fie after death —and nothing ee. While in lin the pilgrim recites Tabi (follows: AS ok YOR oe ok oye ¥citly abcess jy Labia Lb, li sha lak abe imal ard ana la cw shar Uke Here Lam O Lord, here | am, here Lam, You have no partner, here am, surely pre, blessing an! the kingdorn are fr Vou You have no partner. One ofthe important things plgrins do is to drink frown the well of Zaman, Jocatedt the south ofa-Ka al. Haar (Haga, the mother of Prophet ut! Propet, tah: elds son), discovered the well she a Betwects fan Manu, desperately searching for water for Baby Jana Haj bs nial the esos of Salk, Zakahand Seu. Do you remember why we offer Salah, pay Zakal and fast? We offer Salah co remember Allth, pay Zakah w please Him and ft only for His ske, During Sah we preentotscles to Allh five cme diy, but daring Haj we have to think of Ala al de tine. Atte ine of Sith we face rowandsa-Ka'bl, bat during Haj we go therein pecon. Zakk teachesut py pt four ings for were and other pod eas or AIR se, bur ching ig we serie ch sb of our money far epee oC Al ‘Muslims from all parts of che world who ate able and can afford, also perform a Jeser pilgrim called ‘Um (2:158). te can be performed at any time ofthe yea. Fer ‘Una peson has to pot on Hin and docs 1,2,3 and 6 ony Gee page 7 Sawm teaches us to control ourselves during daylight hours from eating, drinking, cox smoking or having conjugal rations Hatin the sae of tam there are muy ‘more restrictions, (Eating and drinking are not prohibited in the state of Her though.) ‘What do we leaen from all these exercises during Hajj? We learn that we belong to. Allah, we will returns to Him and we must do as He commands us. If we do, we will surely be successful in this life and enjoy an everlasting bliss in the Abshinah, cccmecananmes jf)id wammemmacnaeEiS Jia the we ofall our energies and resoures to exablsh the Nami term of ie, in order to gain Allah’ favour, ltd isan Arabie word which means to sry one’s utmost. It is a continuous process, In its first phase a Muslim learns to control his own pasvions and intentions We need co tive hdl o achieve eis This sia within bureles and isthe bass for the comprehensive kad which i concerned with cstablishing Ma ‘rf (right) and removing Munkar (evil) from our lives and from society 16in winch we live It demands the use of all us material and -anental resources Eventually when the need arises, we even have 1 give our life for Alas sake, “The am of jilid is to seck the pleasure of Allah. This must not be forgotten because this purpose isthe basis ofall Islamic endeavours, Earlier, we learned about the basic duties of Shahadah, Saith, Zakth, Sawn anc ‘Hoy AN these duties teach us how to obey Allah and gain His favor so that we pass the test on the Day of Judgement and receive the rewand of entering Paradise — the place of permanent happiness, joy and peace. Regular and conscious performance ofthe four basic tes should prepare and ‘motivate us to live and die for the cause of Iam, which we believe to be the only Sune ay to suecess in this hfe and in the hereafer. In other words, al [slamic duties should prepare us to engage in Jihad ht isthe end result of our effors im Solo, Zasth, Savm and Haj. We cannot think of Islam without Jihad ‘We woul ike to see uth prevail and falsehood vanish,but we are aware that ‘cannot happen on its own; we have to do our utmost to achiewe it.The performance ‘of other Islimie duties will be meaningless if they do not motivate us to engage in iad. The method of fils the one practised by Proplit Muhammad &. His ie is dae perfect example for us and we wall learn about it later. ‘Onur duty 2» Muslims i to practise Allsh’s commands and to urge others co de the same. This duty has heen given to us by Allth in His own words in che Qua: "Yeu ate the best Uma (community; yon have een wise for mankind 9 that you somnaed wha sight and forbid what ise, ad you fev Aa” (3:110) ‘We should ask others to be obedient ro Alth ina persuasive and convincing. Way ‘Our ov litestye will count for much here, Ibis most important that we try hard to practise what we say. Allah does no ike those who say something. but do something dllerent The Quran says: “Why do you ask of others he ight conduc ana yw yourselves forget?” (2:44) In another place in the Qur'an, Allth says, “O yom wo keticve! Why do you say that wiih yo do no do? Fis mast hati Aliahthat yo say that which you do rot." (61:2-3) These verses clearly direct us to compare our own deeds with our wor, To achieve ths, we must do good ourselves and also urge thors to do the sae. This wll enable us to remove our weaknesses and deficiencies. None of sis perfect, but cour imperfections wil gradually dectease if we do our very best o pursue ou dey of iad for Allah’ sake ony nme What did you leame (2d) Key Stage 3 (11-14) 1. What does the word Zakk mean, and how eftes shoul it be paid? 2. What s the rate of Zakth Ou your cash savings? 3. Whit are che times during which we fase in Ramadan? 4 Why is Laila sac a porta mh Write leer telling ton- Maslin find abot “dd iy Whats the Haj and whats it intended vo teach wx? Key Stage 4 (15-16) 1. What lesson do we learn from the payment of Zaki? 2. Which people are helped by our giving Zak? 3. What does Saunt develop in us and how is ta training programme? 4 What actions make our fasting invalid? 5. Huis called the Annual International Mustim Assembly. Explain why, discussing the whole concept of Islamic Brotherhood (and Siteriwud) 6. Does the phrase "Holy War’ correctly explain the full meaning of Jihad? Give examples to explain your answer. Key Stage 5 (17-18) 1. Explain the importance of Zak in the context of social welfare i 2 oral and social lesons of Saum? Give examples of how this g should improve our conduct for the rest of the year. What is the significance of putting on ihetm during Haj? 4. “Living as a Muslim in. non-Muslim society ca be desrbed as Jihad.” Explain this statement with practical examples from your own experiences, BThe Life of Muhammad 3 Muhammad & Introduction deed, in the Messenger af Alla, you have for you an x forall We sent et) Allah al he Last Ey aad rmseinber Allah ery muck.” (33:21) ‘Heit sw nt His Mesengor ith th th religion of truth, that He make it vcrious over al eligins, however much idlatns wiay ate it.” (61:9) epee Pe ama 1 th ae Allah has completed the Istimic way’ of We No other person in the history of mankind has left of his followers as Muli reat an impact onthe life ul the lst and final messenger of Alish, is life is the ah) for us to follow. He has shown us how to obey Allah, of the Universe and live a a tre muslin, AMISH says in the Qu Say (O Muhammad), if you love Allah, f Alla il love you 3 ins, Allah le means that Allah will be pleased with us only if we practise Isla a8 practised by Molammad $. He has been described in the Qui mat i amy) (213107 Mi ke Islam prevail overall ther sytems of ie (61:9, 4828, 9:33) In other words, nad’ 8 chu asthe final mesenger of Allah was to establish the truth and remove falsehood best example (uswatun has the L vig and Merci." (3:31 8 Ya mere for the sien according to the Qur'an, wasfom the society in which he lived. As Muslims, we must alo work towards the establishment of the supremacy of Allah's Law and the removal of evil from the society in which we live."This is fiad, which he left for us as his legacy. The diference be and sd yklance cet om nal mesenger of lll Aah though revebtion Mubannad & was not human being aswell He was no a sper ‘ sary quate that history of akin, 3 humars being, but a mot shining example forall to follow. ‘to Maslin, but to all hutnans, dlstinguishe barn as ¢ Birth and Childhood = Mulmmad & was born i 571 CE (Christian/Connne Aninah, bis mother tu Makkah Aba in d betore his birth and ; BB tris birth he sien 0 Elna, who Ne aaah al akc Keen urned othe cate of et eg he ct of th Ga fo phe thar newborn tbs to Bnei lc Bx brag Aer his water dest is rand, Ada joked afer bin, From eaty ildbod Mehonmad & sued one tock aber aor Hi grad died when he was only eight years old, Muhammad & as then looked after by his uncle, Aba Talib, a leader of the Quraish and a businessman. The name Muhanad reas praiseworthy’. He is alo known as Abmad (61:6) Business Trip to ash-Sham (now Syria) Muliammad & was growing up in the affectionate care of his uncle, bn Ta, when at the age of twelve he accompanied him on a business tip to as-Shim. When their caravan reached Bus in «sh-Shan,a Christan monk called Baht invited them 10 dinner ‘This was unusual. Ag iib and his caravan had passed this way many bere but had never been asked in by the monk. All members of the caravan went to the dinner except Mulund & who sayed behind, probably to look after the camels and their baggage. Bula insisted on Muhanvmad’s & joining in the ‘When he di, Ble asked him a ew questions and Muna &% answered precisely and to the point. When he heard the answers, Bain! — a person knowledgeable in Christaity and the Bile — recognised from what he knew thatthe boy, Mufammad &, was going to be a prophet in the future. He advised Aba Talib co take special care of his nephew, When they finished their trading, Abt Jai lost no time in returning to Makkah with Mukammad & ‘7k Prope bop ne Ged abut We ote yar lh ah Sane pve SUC SOC, at hae petrol Sha Naa cw mn hs aus Stan Sal 37 Ch 80Young Shepherd While still boy Muhammad & tended sheep. so he had plenty of ime to think and reflect upom the situation around him He moved around with his flock in the vast ‘expanse of the Arabian desert. It provided him with a nique opportunity to acquire » clear vision of nature and to contmiplte over the wonders of Allah's creation. Muliauad & cook pride in spending, his boyhool 3s a shepherd, He used to sy, “Allah sone no prophet who wes nota shepherd. taxa (Moses) nes a shepherd, Dowd (David) wus ls a shepherd” (l-Bukha The reason fr this might be that Allah waned His prophets to gain the experience of life asa shepherd, to acqiure patience whilst preaching Allah's message lis very dilficule co control a flock of sheep, youts or camels which Go not have the hua tundersanding or sense of right and wrong. It needs a lot of patience to landle simals. This experience was very wsetl for the prophets in carrying out their eal duty of preaching the message of Allah co human beings of their time. ‘Teenager, Harbul Fijir and Hilfual Fudal When Mubammad && was fifteen, a local war broke out during the Hafj season benween the tribes of Qurah and Flawdzin. According, to Makan tation, war was forbidden in the pilgeimage season (knowa as"sacted months), Despite this, the war lasted for four years, wath intervals and caused semendous,hateship to people on hori sides. Life was becoming intolerable because of the unnecessary bloodshed. Hence it was called the Sacrilegious War (Haru! Fay, The reason for the war seemed silly to Muaonmad & and he felt quite digusted at the senseless bloodshed. lt made some peop: ponder over how to slop the non sensical bloodshed and take steps to stop the war and muke peace. Upon the initiative of t2- Zahir bin Abdul Maal, Mean’ & unele,a meeting was called at the house of “All bin Jul, who was a person of inluence and ‘wealth. A society called Hill Fudal (Alliance for Charity) was formed at this meet 25 tvs ci che een hs lA ‘Mufsnmud 8 was presenta che meeting and took the following oath: "Fup the act caeluded my, presence wher Hi Jd’ gave usa great bangut. Shu it ere be ‘invoked, shall nmeitly rset answer te cal,” The participation of Muhammad & in this alliance is proof of his concern and Interest im welfare activities, even. when he Wasa youth, There isa leson tor you fheee.As young people, when you study the life of Mufanimad &, you should decide (0 take part in the welfire of people in general and the wellare of your fellow ‘younyster in partiult. You should study the Hie of Muhanimad cake lessons from st and put them into practice. If you look around you, you will find man ‘unjust and wrong things ae taking root in society. You should do whatever you ca ‘o remedy injustices and wrongsloingy {f you do so, Altsh will reward you in this fife and inthe fife afer death (Abia) 8Marriage ‘As Muhammad 4 grew up, he helped in runing the busines of his une, AEO Tai, sho was managing his family with some dificulty During this time, Mulommad 8 received an offer from a noble lady named Khaliah to look after her busines afr. Mukaruad’s &% fame as an honest and upright young man had now become well mown in Math which is why Khautah made the proposal Muhanad &: accepted the offer and set out for as-Skane with the merchandise (of Khaliah, accompanied by her save called Maisnah. This was Muonmad’s & second business trip to asi-Shan. He sold the goods and bought what he was told to before retnening ro Malka, He made big profits for Khuda on this trip because of his intelligence, kill and honesty It was almost double what anyone ele had exened for Khadtah before. During the journey, his companion Motsaah noticed that Mulananad was protected from the heat of the sin by clouds. On their return, Maison hurried to Khadijah and told her about this unusual experience and the lange profits he had mal tor Khuda ‘Khai, the daughter of Kwesi, was determined iaeeligent and noble woman, She was itpresed by the ability, noble character and excellent performance of Mulimmad 8. Kha decided to send a propesal of marriage to Mulimmad & On the advice of his wile, Ae Tad, Muamd & agreed to the propos and the wedding cereniony went ahead. Now Muttmial 36 was a family man and che ‘marriage marked the beginning of a new phase it his life, Me was ewenny-five years of age and Khaya was forty and a widow: From the marrige, they had six children — two boys, -Csin aid “Abdul {also known as Ahi and Top, and four gil, Zasnab, Rugaijoh, Ce Kui and Faimah. Both sons died before his prophethood bat the daughters Hved into lam, ‘embraced it and laeer migrated to Madinah Physical Features Muhanad & was 3 handsome ran of medium build — nether very tall nor short He had a large head, thick black hair, wide forehead, heavy eyebrows and large kak eyes with long eyelashes. He had a fine nose, well plced teeth, a thick beand,a long handsome neck and a wide chest and shoulders His skin was light coloured and he had thick pals and feet. He walked steadily with firm steps. Hls appearance had the mark of deep thought and contemplation. His eyes gave the feeling ofthe authority of a commander ana matural leader. Rebuilding of the Ka‘bah The Kitha needed repairs or rather rebuilding afer a sue tlood lad damage ie and cracked its wall The tisk was divided among the four ans of the Quah. Mufminad 4 took an active part in the work. The rebuilding progresed and the walls were 82raved uno it was time to place the Bhek Stone, alHaani! Aswud, on the soul ‘eastern comer of the Kurth. The Black Stone was eared as very sated by the Makkans and itis sil regarded as sacred by Muslims.At the time-of Fla the pilgrims kiss this tone as 2 mark of respect and asthe Suan (pructive) of Mukammad 8. There were arguments about who should have the henoue of placing this holy stone im its place The stuation became tee an! there was the possibility of civil war cer the issue. To avoid bloodshed, an idea put forwand by Aba Uap, the oldest man 1 Makkah, was accepted. He proposed to all the people preent,"Let the fit man to coter the yate ofthe mosgue next morning decide the matter an dispute among. ‘What a pleasant surprise! The frst man to enter the mosque was Mulanmmad &! Al the people shouted in a chorus,“This is the trustworthy one fal-utn, this is Muhammad. We accept his judgement. ‘When he came to them, they asked him to decide the matter and he agreed. He said." Give me a cloak" When they brought hima cloak, he spread ton the ground, placed the Black Stone over it and sid,"Let the elders of each clan hold on to one ‘edge ofthe cloak.” They did so and carried the tone to its place. Mubasonad &% then picked up the stone and put tan its place on the wall of the Kavhah. fn eis way he acted san umpire (arbiter) among his people and averced a bloody civil war. The rebuikling continued and was completed by the Quisish, Mulammad & was then thirty-five yeas old, “This event shows beyond any doubt hit even bef his prophethood, Milam & vas regarded asa judge ana referee for the Quis at che tame of their disputes and erises. He earned the ties of amin (the trsoworthy) and ay-Stdiy the tutti). The Irony as tht ater his prophethiod, many of those same people turned! against hin because oftheir ignorance and arrogance which made them too stone-hearte to respond to thecal of the eth, Search for the Truth ‘Mulan & was 3 sof spoken, gentle person who foved to think and meditate. He ‘was not like others of his age, in that he had mo interest in the attractions of the ‘worldly life a characteristic suited toa person destined to be the guide and teacher for the whole of mankind ‘Mubammad & very often used to rereat in seclusion and solitude toa cave, Hin, in mount Ni There he pase is time in medltation and devotion, He used to pas ‘the month of Ramadln inthis cave, where he mmersed himself deep into thoughts about the mysteries of nature Hee had an eager longing, in his heart and searched seriously for the truth Why did he do this: He did it because he didnot find the answers 0 the questions agitating AE TAGURRES ing SHBG ean his. creation id Wi ultimate goal. Hewat ako unappy show ae feuds, conflicts, site and divisions i te society aroun hin 8He was fed up with existing social and politial systems. The religions of the Jews and che Christizns at chat time were so corrupted by the rabbis and priests that they no longer had any appeal to-retson and wisdom, He was unable to adjust himself to the senseless bloodshed, tribal disputes, oppresion of the helpless by the powerfl idol worship and the low status of women, The Makkans worshipped idol nade by cherselves. Malsonmad & wed to think shout the stupidity of dl worship. The ils could not move alle oF do anything. Hose could ey respond wo the prayer of human beings? All chese appeated nonsensical to Muhammad’ & thinking mind. The retreat in the cave was to find answers to these deep-rooted feling in his ves heat. Fe was a search or contort comolaton, peace ranguility ad igh guidance Could it be anything se? OF couse not Matianmad’ snd was fl of feck, sympathy and concern for the weltire ofthe people of Makkh. How could his upright mind rest while anarchy injustice, fsehood and exploitation were rife i the city? These idol including the thee biggest, Hub, Lay, ad a-Uizza were eles stones unable to help themselves if somebody happened to break ther. But the Makkans worshipped then acked their help, took oaths i their name and foughe for them, Muhammad: & curiows wind was searching for the truth, to get rid of the social misdeeds and change the existing social and political order. twas during the days of his retreat sm the month of Ramadi that Alt, the Lord of the U ulmmad & with His blessing — the fist revelation of the (Qu aReceiving the Truth -Muliammad & had reached the age of forty when one night, while meditating in his n rereat in Hirt’ daring, Ramadan an angel appeared before him ‘Read!” said the angel, “I am not a reader” replied Mchanmad 8. At this, the angel hugged him and squeezed him so hard that he thought he would die of suffocat He was then released and the angel again sai, “Real!” Muhammad & gave the sume reply. The angel squeezed hin harder and then release nim, The angel asked him & thied time, “Read!” Mulunmad & repeated his reply, “Tam wor a wder The angel Fuge ira again even harder forthe chind time, Maunmad’s & fear of suffocation increased, so he asked, "Wha shall read?” The angel then released him, saying OF HL ple, DL LAY | abe "Read ia the name of your Lord Who cxcated, Crested man fom somthing tha lng ead, and your Lon cmt gros, Who sang by he pn, “Taught a wha he i ot ae ™ (961-51 Mulunanad 2% reviced the verses and fel as though the words were written on his hveare‘These ate the firs reveled verses ofthe Qu, * How wondrous that All should choose for His aessenger an sony ( -) — someane who could nether read nor write (7157-158; 29-48-49; 622) In thene dys only very few people in Arabia eau ead or write The verses of te Qu excelled all literature of the time, and have never been matched since. Indeed, they, ‘cannot be equalled (17:88; 2:23; 10:37~38), lmagine the astonishment of the Arabs to hear sueh power, pefsct words coming rom Miannead 4, an thw ft unlewered Muhanad & was prety woubled by ts seange experience. He looked round and ssiw nothing, He was fearful and cerritied. He stood motionless. Muhammad & looked at the sky and was surprised to see the angel Jib’ flying in the shape of a giant man, The angel said,""O Muhammad, you are the Messenger of | Aland Ua Jib'il” 85And wherever he looked, Muhanad & saw Jiba’i ying in the distance, He stood still until the angel disappeared Mulranmad % rushed homie iv 3 panic and sat close to Khaah, He told er all that had happened. Kha, his sible, loving and caring wile who had worl ith in hier husband comforted him, saying, “Rejie, O som of my uncle, and be of good heat Surly hy Hin in Whose Hav is Klatt’ sud, 1 have hope hat yo wl be he prope of this people You have never dene sy wong 16 anyone Vo ae ind to tesa you hp the poor So Allah will not let you down.” Makammaa! asked Khao to wrap hia up in blankets. He was wrapped up and fell sleep. Khaliah then went (0 her cousin, Wagan Nawal in Asad bia ‘Abd *U He was blind old man and a Christian, He ad knowledge of the scriptures ofthe “Torah aud the Gospel, Winagah heard all that had happened fiom Khas and sa “Holy! Holy! By Him in Whose Power is Wage’ soul, if what you narrate i true, © Khia, chen tis isthe same one who keeps the secrets (angel fiat) whom Alla had sent to Moses. Tell him to be patient aa fir.” Khadfal retaried home © comfort and reasute her husband with the good news Haag had tol her. “There wasa pause forsome days or may be a few months betwen the fst revelation and the second revelation when Muhammad & was very sad. Then he saw the angel Jina’ ain, flying inthe sky seated in a Hosting chair. The Prophet & became frightened and rushed home, He asked Kha to cover hin wp. She wrapped him with blankets and he fll asleep. Aer a few moments, Khadijah noticed that the Prophet & was shivering, breathing deeply and sweating The angel fal rouge the second revelation to him which was: "0 you who lie wrapped in your mantle, arse and warn! Gloify your Lond. Purif yon Gi up unclean. Give notin onder to have mote is return For the sake of your Lord, endure patiently.” (741-7) Seeing him in this position, Khadjah pleaded with Muluammud & co res lite Jonger. But Mufammad & was now reassured and said in a firm voice,"© Khadijah, the time of sumer and resis past, Jb has asked me to wart en and call them t Allah «and to His worship. But whom shal cll? And who il ste to me?" ‘Rhadtjah encouraged and asured Muharmaad 2 abut the succes of his prophethoox! and declared her own acceptance of Iku the first person to do sos very important to note and appreciate thatthe first human to accept Islam was Khatah How marvellous i is! Kladsh accepts her husband asthe Prophet of All! Who can better testify to the integrity ofa person than his wife? She knew Mubammad & better than anyone else did, and could testify to his honesty, integrity and truseworthiness. No man can hide his weakness frowy his wife because she ki him so closely and intimately. We Muslims should aim to imitate the excel example of our beloved Prophet Miliammad &. The world will surely be a niuch better place if we could achieve such trus fom our wives by the Grace of Allsh 86‘The Islamic Movement Begins “The revelation marked the beginning of Muhammad’ & role as a mesenger of Allth. Ie was abo the starting point of the Islamic movement carried out by him uring the rest of his life Phe frst phase of the movement lasted for thtee yeas, fom ‘610 CE (the year of reveition and revolution) to the end of 612 CE. To begin with, Mukemmad & preached the message of Allah only co his friends, his closest relatives and those who he could trust. “Att, his cousin, the son of Akt Tl, was the second! Muslin and the tht was Zaid son of Havithah (Mukamma’s { servant) Abt Hakr was the fist from among Maliommad’s & fend to become a Muslim. I worth noting the composition ofthe eatly Muslims First, Khadjah, Mabammads &% wite. accepts ttm; second, ‘A, his cousin; thing, Zaid, his household servant. Outside the household, Albi Batya respected businessman and a close friend of Muhaminiad & aecepted Islam without the slightest doubt oF hesitation, All ofthem were near and dear to him, “AIL Accepis Islam This, brief is how “Al, the cousin ofthe Prophet & and then 4 boy of oily ten, accepted the truth, All caught Mikamnad & through angel ji how to make ablation (Huda) and how to pray. Muhammad & a conn caught Kladah and both of them used to offer Salt coyether. “Alt watched the Prophet & and his wile kneeling and prostrating and reciting the Quan, He was amazed at this unusual scene and asked the Prophet & ater the prayer, “To whom did you prostrate yourselves?" The Prophet @ answered, “We have prostrated ourselves to Allth who has sent me asa Prophet and has commanded ‘me to call human beings unto Him.” “The Prophet & then invited ‘Altto worship only Allth and co accept the mesage of Allth revealed to him, He also recited to hin some verses from the Qur'an. ‘Al felt excited and thrilled but thought for a moment and sa he would consul his father, Aba Tt, about this. He passed the night agitated and restless, thinking about the call of Midkanmad a6 Next morning, he rushed to the Prophet &% and declared his faith in Islam. The young boy sid.” Ah created me without consulting Abn ai, my father: Why then should I consult him in onder to worship Allah?” The story of young “A should inspire and motivate young people to work for Islam to make living on ths earth meaningfal and purposeful Rest assured his isthe ‘way to peace and happiness. A the fist Muslin on, accepeed this peace — Isl Notable Early Muslims We shoukl learn some of the names of the people who accepted taint and later ‘became famous in Islamic history and made 3 tremendous impact on mankind a7Early Muslims included: ‘Alt hin Abt ‘ald, Zaid hin Howitt, Aba Boke bi Abt (ub, ‘Citiaan bin ‘Apion, Sad ia Abs Wiggs, Abr Radon in “Auf Tl bin “Uboidiia, Aba Dhar l- Ghjat, a- Zarb al-'Aweun, Ab. ‘Uinta bin af- jar, lng bin ABE al-Angam al-Makhztont also know as al-Argam bis Abi Manat bn Asad), Sua ar-Roomt, Abdul bin Mand, Khabab bi a- Ava, Usman in Ma Ta, Joyar bin Abr ab and Noi in “Abul ‘Among the great women to accept Islam were: Khaaljal bint Khasi, Faia ‘bint sl-Khayab, Asma bint Abt Bak, Fatima bin al-Mujalil, Fvkaihal bint Yasar, Asma’ ‘int nai Asma bint Selah, Ramla bint ABE‘Au sod Huneainas it Khao Khao sas te fst among the women and snr to accept Isa. End of the First Phase During the fist phase ofthe Islamic movernent, Muhanad & preached the message Cf Allah ciscreetly and i spread gradually among all age-proups,especuily the youth, in Mabah, People in Mak began to tlk about Mulranmad & and his message “They did not take it seriously in the beginning. They thought the Muslims had a fantasy that would soon die away and the worship of idols would eventually erunsph, ‘Three years passed and the message of Al continued to spread far and wide it the valley of Maiah. Islamic Movement Becomes Public “Three years after the fist revelation, Allah commanded the Prophet 2, “Pracain hat you have heen ordenal snd ture away fons the poyteists.” (15:94) This was dhe command to azke the call to Allah open and public and was the beginning of the second phase of the Islamic movement ‘Alt and the Dinner ‘The Prophet & prepared himself co meet the new stuation with song determination unl faith, He mnvite is kinsmen toa dinner and ater dhe dinner addressed thems, syn: ‘O sons of Abdul Manta, {von of no Ara wh as come to is people with « nobler ‘message thar mine. L have brought you rhe best ofthis wld and the next. AO has ordered ‘me 1 cal you to Him. So, who of you wl stand by me this mater?” TThe elders in the dinner were not responsive. They were about to leave when the young boy ‘Altstood up and sid, "Fan the youngest of yous nary be a Boy my fet may rot be song enough, but O Mulia, sul be your helper Whoever opposes you, sal! fight hi as a mertl enemy.” The elders laughed loudly and dispersed ‘Consider the courage of the boy ‘Alt! How bravely and firmly he spoke aboot bis faith! Does it not, as young people, inspire you to follow the example of “AI? To ‘uphold the Truth and work for its the best of everything in this work The reward tof the eternal bliss anl happiness is guranteed sn the Akira aswel 88The Prophet % on Mount Saft Muliammad &6 now prepared himself to openty eal the Makkans to the mesage of Allth, He climbed on cop of a-Soft and called out to the people who, seeing him standing there had gathered below. Muhammad & told them, *O mc of Quraishi were tell you that Esce an army way ata onthe othe side ofthe mountain, would your Irlive me?” They answered “Ys hy mot? mt yo anaes fund ys ling a fe.” Muhammad 8% said, “Know then, that Fant a water and thar warn yo of severe punishment. O Ban ‘Abdul Mutalib! Band “Abd Mana! O Bana Zahra! O Bann Tai? © Basin Maksim! © Bana Asad! Allah has vmmanded me t0 want yon, my wares! Anam, that [a assume you of ood om this cart dn eave if yw decane tha there is to god except Allah.” ABA Lahab, his uncle, became red with anger and exchimed, “May your hands perish om this day! Did yo gtr us for thi?” Muhammad & was severely shocked and looked towards his une for a moment. Allth comforted His mesenger and informed hit ofthe fearful punishment awaiting Aba Lalah Alls revealed, May the hands of Abt Lala pois; doomed he i. His wale ‘nd his properties shall mt save hin. He sll nes io fami fie fel” 4:1-8) “The open invitation to Allah’ message browght hostility and opposition the Prophet & and his followers A new stage ofthe Iltmic movernent began, We will, sce how the followers of Iam overcame this opposition with valour, vigour and sceadfastnes. Indeed it rae to find such examples of heroic saeritices forthe noble cause of llth Hostility and Persecution ‘The Makkans who, for along time, had taken no serious notice of the movement became very hostile tothe open call of Muammad &. They now realised the theeat to their idohtry and began to harass the followers of Inn in onder to stop its jreasng popularity, Hardly a day passed without sonte new followers joining the faith, This tend frther increased che fury of the idolaters. “The Qunuish fist tried to settle the matter through AB J9Hb and asked him to withdraw his support from Mulummad & Delegations of influential people went to meet Abn Talib ewice for this purpose. He listened to them calmly and sent them back with conciliatory words. Aba Tab asked Mutanimad 8 not to put him under so much strain, for he was the leader ofthe Qurats. The Prophet &@ faced a dilemma tout remained fim and said eo bis nce, “O my wncleby Aah, hey pu the sn my right had aad the moo inf, and ask me give mp my nso, Fall not doi unt Alls has made vicious ot pei hein!” Abt Talib was moved by the firmness of his nephew and sad, “Go and say star you please for by AM, I ult thn my suppot fom you.” ‘The first Maslin to suffer at che hands ofthe unbelievers of Maki was Seid bn 89Abr iggy He ws struck with a sword in a fight with the enemies as they attacked the Prophet 8 and his followers at prayer in a mountain pass. The Prophet & was ‘once preaching in the area of the Katha and he was attacked. During this encounter ‘Harith bin Abt Halak ried pacity the mob but he was atacked and billed. He was the fist Muslim to give his life for Is ‘Bil bin Rath, an Abyssinian slave, was tortured by his master for beconting a ‘Muslim. He was pinned down on the burning-hot sand,a heavy stone placed on his chest, and let to swelter under the blazing desert sun — for no reason other than his acceptance of Islami. Bila! bravely endured this torture, proclaiming “lit, the One! Allah, the One!” They could not tuen him away from his faith. Abt Bakr moved by Bilal’ suffering, paid his infidel master and fived him, Others who suffered terribly atthe hands of unbelievers were: ‘Anum. Fk, Suhaiba-Remt and Kihabbtb The intidels did not even spare wornen Muslims. Among the women tortured were: Sai, Lainak, Nahdiya, and Umm ‘Ubais The Prophet & himself was ridiculed, insulted and accused of being a sorcerer and of being possessed, Once he was almost strangled by an unbeliever wile praying. Abn Bok atrived just in.time to rescue him, Al Lahal’s wie, Umm antl used to throw rubbish and thomy bushesin Mdlannaad’s& path, anal cat Muhammad & slid was to remove them, Surpeisingly, when one diy he found his doorway clear of rubish he visited her to find out whether she was ill-This shows how generous and nnable he was. He was kind and considerate even to his eneics Muhammad & continued his preaching with even more enthnsiasm and firmness, and the hostility ofthe unbelievers also intensified The Makkans did ll they could to stop him and his followers but nothing worked. The Islamic movement continued to flourish among the Makkans despite false propaganda, persecution and harassment fromm the idoltes. During thisperiod Hamzah, the young uncle ofthe Prophet a, joined the Isizmic ‘movement. His acceptance of the faith added strength to Iltm, for Hansa was a brave man. His entry into [tm compelled the Quiuish to abandon some of their harassment. ‘Aba Jahl and the Camel Seller ‘One day a man from Js came to an assembly of the Quraish, whilst the Prophet & ‘was sitting nearby next to the Ka'bah, The man called, “Who among you will help ime to get what i due to me from Abul lakum bi Hist? Lam astranger,a wavfater, and he will not pay bis deb.” Abul Hakan bin Hisham was one of the most powerfal people in Makkah. His hatred, hostility and violence towards the Muslims was intense. He was known as Ab Jal which means the father of ignorance’, Most ofthe people who heant the scranger were friends of Abn Jol, and would not wish co dspease itn. Racher, hey 0‘would prefer to fuel the enmity of Aba Joh! towands Mubammad & ‘They said, "Do you see that man sitting over shere?” pointing to Muhammad &. “Go to him. He will help you." ‘The stranger went ro Muhammad 86, unaware that Aba Ja was one of his fiercest +. The Prophet & listened as the stranger explained that he had sold camels to Abt Jil who had sill nor paid hn despite his repeated pleading Without hestaion the Prophet 3 offered to help. He acompanied him. to Abs Jabs house. in che distance, the Quuash watched, expecting a serious congfontation. They asked one of their supporters to follow the Prophet to find out exactly what would happen, Malianinad & knocked on the door. “Who i i?” called ABM Jai “Muhammad! Gome out to me!” Abi Jal came out, pale-faced and agitated, “Pay this man his due” Muhammad & sai fiery ‘One anoment while fetch his money” replied Aba Jol. Hee went back inside then returned quickly with the money and gave ito the stages ‘Go about your busines,” the Prophet &% cold the stranger, who was very happy to be pau The strmger from Ash went back to the gathering of Quatsk and said, "May Allah reward him, for he has recovered my due." Anl he went happily on his way. Then the wian sent co watch the conontaion returned to report all he had sen. Te was amazing!” he began."Hardly had Muhammad knocked on the door when Abul Hikam: (Aba jal), breathless and agitated Hee continued to narrate all that he had seen, Then Aba fal came upon the gathecingInnmediately they asked," What happened? We have never seen anyching like this! What have you done “Damn you!” he exclaimed angrily."By Allah, 28 so0n as he Knocked on my door and I heard his voice, vas filed with tenor. Then when I went out <0 hin, £ thought {saw a camel towering above fns head, with shoulders and teeth such as 1 have never seen, By Allah, if ud refused to pay, it would surely have eaten me.” How amazing was the courage and strength of Prophet Mukanma’s characte! He alway’ stood for justice and helped those in need, even in the face of his bitterest enemy Ab Jul despite his hatred, arrogance and pride, was unable to resist the force of Muhammad’ &% extraordinary personality, who was supported by hidden help fiom Allah, ‘We shoul learn a valuable lesson here. We should fallow Allah’ consmancl and follow the example of Prophet Multunmad &. We should Stan for justice and speak ‘out for the weak, the oppressed and the disadvantaged. Ths is jd sab llth — ‘working for Islam usingall our resources We shout not only ead about the Prophet -&, we should try to follow his example. an‘The Offer of ‘Uthah bin Rabi‘ab, “Ul bin Ra ah, leader oF the Quis, pur sonve propos tothe Prophet &. He sugested, “If uhat yo amt is money ee wil gtr for You prey, 30 that yo may te the chs of ws; yt hon we wl ake yt our chico that om a dec nti apart ror yo if yo at sverige will make yo Kg” The Prophee dg dechned these offers and rected verses earn Shish 41 (HMw «- Sada) ofthe Curt. ‘Uda retard to his compantons witha changed face and reported to then) that be’ eand fom Mubammad && what he had sever heard before: No worldly temptation could keap the Prophet asa tow the"Trath Another Cunning Proposal The Quis filed in all their attempts to discourage Muhammad & and the Muslims from their faith. Harassment, ridicule, torture and false propaganda proved aie as the Muslin simply became more determined: The leaders ofthe CQinaish wow plotted 1 shrewd plot: They proposed to the Prophet a that he should adore their gos and they in return would adore his Allh; inthis way there would vome about 4 compromise and hostility would cease Allih commanded the Prophet & to tel the unbehever in clear terms that ehere