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500/54 000/21 300/8 600/18 )(kPa
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330 31 76 330 )(Mpa
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700/5 700/20 300/8 800/13 )(kPa
110 480 +500 +500 )(%
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300 20 69 450 )(Mpa
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HDPE CSPE-R EPDM-R
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11 21 18 20 18
6 9 10 11 17
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* E=tan/tan

5-4

)
.(1991 4-5 4-6 .
4-5 4-6 :
= T w Ib kN
= w Ib kN
= L ft m
= w ft m
=
= U Ib/ft2 kN/m2
= L Ib/ft2 kN/m2
= c aU Ib/ft2 kN/m2
= c aL Ib/ft2 kN/m2
= U
= U .
4-5 :
L = U
.
L - U U < L U
.
L = U U L - U
.

4-5

4-6
.
) (
) ( .
. 4-6 .
.
T w + L . w . L
) =S(FS =
L. w .L
) =S(FS .
.
)( 1 S(FS) L = U @ . L = U
)( 1 S(FS) U < L = U ) ( L - U .
)( S(FS) U > L T w 1
L . w . L : )( ) 1 S(FS
L.w . L - U . w . L = T w

L. ( U L ) = T w/ w


SL - SU = L . L - U . L =L. ( U L ) = T

= T Ib/ ft .kN/m
= S U Ib/ ft .kN/m
= S L Ib/ ft .kN/m
:
= S Ib/ ft .kN/m
=C Ib/ ft .kN/m
=
=c Ib/ft2 kN/m2
= N Ib/ ft .kN/m
= s Ib/ ft3 .kN/m3
=H ) ( ft .m
:
S=C+N.tan
=N ) s .H.(L.cos
C=c.L
. tan S=c.L+ s .H.L.cos
:
S
SL -
= T reqd


c

c aL + s . H . cos .(tan U tan L ) . L -
= T reqd

.
allow .t = T allow

:

T allow /T read = (FS)T



= T read Ib/ ft .kN/m
= T allow Ib/ ft .kN/m
= allow Ib/ft2 kN/m2
=t ft m
= (FS)T .
T break T yield
) T allow ( .
4-2 .

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