GII PHP INBUILDING (IBS) CHO CC TO NH CAO

TNG
D1. GII PHP PH SNG INBUILDING

I. TNG QUAN V H THNG INBUILDING (IBS)

1. Khi qut hin trng ph sng trong cc to nh cao tng

Ngy nay, s lng cc ta cao c, chung c nhiu tng, trung tm thng

mi, tr s cc tp on, cng ty ln ngy mt gia tng. Vn cht lng ph
sng trong cc to nh cao tng l vn bc xc t ra cho cc nh khai thc di
ng v cc dch v v tuyn cn phi gii quyt do nhu cu s dng ngy cng gia
tng v cc dch v nh: thng tin di ng GSM, CDMA-2000-1X, UMTS, Wifi,
Wimaxyu cu ca khch hng i vi cc dch v ny i hi cc nh khai thc
phi nng cao cht lng, mi v tr trong cc to nh nh: thang my, tng hm,
tng cao
Thc trng hin nay trong cc to nh cao tng cc v tr nh: tng hm,
tng cao (t tng 4 tr ln), cu thang my tn hiu sng di ng thu c t
nhiu cell khc nhau xung quanh to nh, v vy thu bao di ng b hin tng
ping pong t cell ny sang cc cell khc, kt qu gy ra hin tng rt cuc gi
cao v cht lng tn hiu thu km, gy kh khn trong qu trnh m thoi.
Trong mt s trng hp, khi s lng thu bao di ng gia tng, cc nh
khai thc mng rt kh khn trong vic lp k hoch mng cho cc BTS mi. V
vy, thay v s dng mt Macro BTS, cc nh khai thc c th s dng Micro BTS
trong tn hiu t Micro BTS c phn b ra ton b to nh s dng h thng
cp ng trc v h thng anten. Bng cch s dng nh vy, chng ta s c tn
hiu ng nht c phn b ton b bn trong to nh, vi n nh cao . i
vi cc tng hm, bnh thng s c hin tng khng c sng di ng th vi vic
s dng h thng ny iu ny cng s c ci thin.
 Cc vn mng di ng gp phi bn trong to nh:
- Drop-Call cao (t tng 4, 5 tr ln) do Multi-Cell Handover.
- BER cao do lan truyn a ng, khc x mt nc, nhiu t cc cell ln
cn ca cng nh khai thc hoc cc nh khai thc khc.
- Mt sng tng hm hoc tng trt...do Penetration loss.
- Vn gia tng thu bao di ng (vic trin khai Macro BTS mi s rt
kh khn).
Cng ty C phn u t- Thit b in t Vin thng Vit Nam (VN
TELCOM) chnh l n v thc hin chc nng em n sng di ng cht lng
cao ca cc mng Vinaphone, MobiFone, Viettel, HT Mobile, SFone vo tng
ngc ngch ca cng trnh. T ho l Cng ty hng u Vit Nam v cung cp gii
php nng cao cht lng vng ph sng bn trong to nh cao tng, chng ti s
em li gii php tt nht p ng nhu cu thit yu ca ngi s dng in thoi
di ng mi lc mi ni ngay c nhng ni nh trong thang my, tng hm...

Cc gii php ph sng trong cc to nh ny s mang li li ch p ng

mong i ca hu ht cc thnh phn lin quan nh:

- Ch s hu cc to nh cao tng s thu c li ch t vic gi tr ca to

nh c ci thin v cc mc ph s dng cng c cao hn.

- Cc nh cung cp dch v m bo ti u ho c cht lng dch v v

gim thiu c cc ri ro gy ra bi s khng hi lng ca cc khch hng.

- V cui cng l ngi s dng hi lng vi cc dch v truyn thng khng

dy a dch v cn thit theo yu cu.
c bit vic lp t trm IBS rt n gin v khng tn chi ph cng nh
khng c nh hng xu:
- Trm IBS khng h nh hng n sc khe ca con ngi
- Trm IBS khng h nh hng n m quan ca ta nh
 - Trm IBS c xy dng min ph
- Trm IBS ch chim din tch t 6-10 m2 ti bt k v tr no trong ta nh
(tng hm hoc mi)
2. Cc yu cu chung v RF i vi h thng IBS
- Cht lng dch v.
- Yu cu t khch hng: Mc thu Rxlev phi >80dBm trn 95% din tch
to nh.
- Vng phc v ca h thng Inbuilding ch Dedicated >90%.
- Call Setup Success Rate >= 98% trong ton b to nh.
- Drop Call <=2%.
- Downlink RxQual (0-2) >= 90% trong ton b to nh.
- Downlink RxQual (0-4) >= 95% trong ton b to nh.
- Tn hiu Inbuilding ngoi ng hoc cc to nh ln cn phi
<=85dBm.
- K hoch tn s cho Indoor coverage phi c quan tm k.
- Cc tham s thit lp cho IBS phi c lp k hoch k (v d: hoppping
frequency, MAIO, HCS..).
II. XUT GII PHP, QUY TRNH TRIN KHAI H THNG IBS
- Bo co v RNP (Radio Network Planning).
- M t gii php.
- K hoch ph sng.
- S h thng.
- Tnh ton d tr cng sut.
- xut cc v tr t anten.
- Bn v h thng trn tng tng (ACAD).
- Kt qu o kim.
1. Bo co RNP
S dng gii php dng cc h thng cp ng trc v anten phn b ti
tng tng ca to nh.
- K hoch ph sng v cc khu vc d nh ph sng: da trn cc thm
d kin khch hng, cc yu cu ca khch hng nh: c bao nhiu tng?, tng

hm, tng trt, bi xe, cu thang my, khu vc k thut...cc khu vc cn ph

sng ton b
- Lp danh sch cc thit b, vt t s dng: S lng anten (Omni, Panel),
loi cp (1/2, 7/8), cc b Splitter, Coupler..
- La chn BTS: chn loi BTS (Macro, Micro) da trn cng sut pht, V
tr t BTS (t tng no? c BTS ca cc nh khai thc no khc t cha?),
cu hnh BTS (1/1/1, 2/2/2, 2/2, Omni-2...).
- H thng cp ngun cho BTS: Ngun cung cp c ly t u? Phng
thc kt ni ng E1 t BSC ti BTS (dng viba, cp quang, HDSL...).

2. Cc k thut phn b tn hiu RF trong to nh

+ Phn b cc h thng anten :
- S dng cc phn t th ng nh: cc b Splitter (2-way, 3-way, 4-way)
, cc b Coupler (6dBm, 7dBm, 10dBm, 15dBm, 20dBm...).
- S dng cc b khuych i tch cc (khuych i tuyn tnh...).
- S dng cc b CAT-5 Cable, Main Hub, Expansion Hub v cc b anten
Remote (RAU).
+ Cc h thng cp suy hao:
- Cc b ni tn hao (coupling loss).
- Tnh ton suy hao theo khong cch.
+ Cc k thut phn b th ng:
 - Vi chiu di cp ln hn 50m s dng cp 7/8 (suy hao thp hn cp ).
- S dng cc b RF Coupler chia cng sut i xng.
- Phi thit k sao cho cng sut tn hao ca cc b ni v phn b ti tng
anten l nh nhau.
- Gim thiu chiu di ca cp ti mc ti a c th.

3. Lp k hoch chi tit

- Tin kho st: (tho lun vi nh khai thc mng v ngi iu phi):0.5 ngy.
- Kho st, o c (1 ngy i vi cc to nh ln) (cng vi 1 ngi ca nh khai
thc mng).
- Tnh ton s hnh cy anten, la chn cc v tr t anten, tnh ton d
tr cng sut cho tng anten: 1 ngy.
- Lp bo co chun b bng ACAD: 1 ngy.
- Bin son cc xut v chun b k hoch cui cng
 .
Hnh 3. V d v lp k hoch ph sng
Hnh 4: V d v v s anten hnh cy
Hnh 5. Tnh ton d tr cng sut cho tng anten

Hnh 6. B tr v tr cc anten trn bn v tng tng

Hnh 7. o c mc tn hiu hin ti ca to nh
4. Mt s hnh nh trin khai thc t

Hnh 8. Lp t Coupler v Splitter

Hnh 9. Lp t Anten
Hnh 10. Lp t anten
Hnh 11. Cc thit b o s dng trong qu trnh trin khai