Microprocessor acts as a CPU in a microcomputer.

It is present as a single IC ch
ip in a microcomputer.
Microprocessor is the heart of the machine.
The device that performs tasks is called Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). A single c
hip called Microprocessor performs these tasks together with other tasks
A MICROPROCESSOR is a multipurpose programmable logic device that reads binary i
nstructions from a storage device called memory accepts binary data as input and
processes data according to those
instructions and provides results as input
The heart of microprocessor is called CPU. CPU consists of set of registers, con
trol and ALU unit and CPU has addition of memory unit all these you can call wit
h Microprocessor.
Microprocessor its own has no meaning you need to connect I/O devices
History of Microprocessor
? the first microprocessor was used for the main flight control computer i
n the US Navy's F-14 Tomcat fighter
? Intel introduced the world's first commercial 4 bit processor and contai
ns 2300 transistors and its speed is up to 740KHZ
? today processors has 6 billion transistors and speed is up to 3.2KHZ
Connecting microprocessor into external world
there are three types of Bus that came out these are
? Address Bus
? Data Bus and
? Control Bus
Bus is a configuration that contains many wires of a similar kinds. either of th
ese are connected memory device, Interface device and I/O ports.
Microprocessor and it's Architecture
there are
A. Execution Unit
B. Bus Interface Unit
A. Execution Unit
? executes instruction for the processor
? it consists of
Arithmetic and Logic Unit:- which performs the arithmetic and logical operations
required of any program.
General Purpose Registers:- are set of registers that can be addressed either as
8 or 16 bits.
B. Bus Interface Unit
? it handles all the data and address on the Buses for the execution unit(
EU).
? Bus operations include instruction fetching, reading and writing operand
s for memory operand.
? instruction are transferred in the instruction queue.
? it consists of set of.
Segment Registers:- are used to Address Memory space.
? Address compute engine:- converts the logical address that is held by the segm
ent registers into physical address.