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275
D r T h om as E ek m an

V E R SI F I CA T I ON O F T H E SE RB I A N A N D C R OA T I A N M O D E R N

Su m m ar y

T he char act er of a l i teratur e has rar el y chan ged so m uch i n su ch a short t i m e as t h e

l it erature, and part i cul arl y the poetr y, of t he South Sl av countr i es i n t hose t went y y ear s
f rom the end of t h e l ast cent u r y t o t h e end of W orl d W ar On e . W hat do Jovan Jovanov i
Zmaj or even Aleksa ant i have in common wi t h V ladi stav Pet kovi - Di s or Rast ko Pe-
t rovi ? T hei r t h em es, t he spi r it of t hei r p oem s, are com pl etel y dif f er en t . Bu t i s t her e so
m uch dif ference i n t hei r poet i cs, i n t he t echn i cal m ean s b y whi ch th e p oet s of th e 19t h
"
centur y and t he M oderni st s ex pr essed th em sel ves?
I n t hi s p ap er , the p rinci p al p rosod i c syst em s of som e di stin gu i shed r ep r esentat i ves
of the M odern i n the Serbs an d Croat s are consi dered . I t is sown t hat I van Dui, M i l an
R ak i an d ev en Sima Pandu rovi and D i s p r eserved and ex t ended m an y f eat ures of t he
tr aditi onal poetics of t h e 19th centur y i n their m et hods of v er sif icati on ; t hey m ainl y u sed
a ver y rest rict ed number of form s of t he syll abic system . T he sam e goes f or t hei r ver si f i ca-
t ion an d f or t hei r ; t hi s i s i llu strat ed by som e ex am p les. T her e ar e cer t ain dif f erences
i n the use of l onger w or ds: in D ui t her e are proportionat el y m ore t hree- and fou r - syllabl e
w ord s t han in h i s p redescessor s an d contem p orar i es.
I t i s onl y wit h the younger poet s: M i lo Crnj anski , St ani sl av Vi naver etc. that radi cal
chan ges i n t he syst em occur . I n st ead of a gradu al t r an sit i on t o t he m od ern f or m s, t hey
r r e"
i nt rodu ce ee ve s i n at least p ar t of t h ei r p oem s, get tin g ri d of al l f orm s of m et r e and
f
ver se, and even par tly abandoning rhym e. We see t he same in t he Bosni an poet s (V i da-
kovi, Jef ti , Andri ) an d in Croatia, wher e t he syllabo- tonic t radi ti on was stron ger and
t he ol der generat i on of M odern ist s had at their di sposal a sli ghtl y greater libert y of m ethods
of ver sif i cat i on , bu t wher e at t he sam e t i m e as am on g t he Serb s f r ee ver se ap p ear ed (Janko
Poli Kamov, then T i n Uj evi and Antun B. i mi) .

276