Effect of Duration Camshaft in Performance Motor Cula One

Untirta Fuel Ethanol

Irham Cipta Narial, Agung Sudrajat, Hadi Wahyudi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman Km. 3, Cilegon - Banten 42435
Email: irhamciptanarial@gmail.com
This paper present an experiment and simulation investigation effect of valve lift duration to engine
performance used is software AVL BOOST. Valve lift duration camshaft variation used is duration 200o
(10/10), duration 210o (15/15), duration (20/20). This research at some speed of engine, these are 2500,
3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000, 5500, 6000 rpm. Based on the data analysis it may be conclution that
experiment and simulasi duration 200o has the same trend that is produces maksimum power at 3000
rpm. At maximum power and torque simulation occurs in duration 210o at speed 3000 rpm, and at
maximum volumetric efficiency simulation accurs in duration 200o at speed 2500 rpm. The third showed
that the duration of the speed 3500 rpm 4500 rpm power and torque decreases, and at speed 2500 rpm
3000 rpm power and torque increases. This difference is due to the high rotation rate of the flow of air
and fuel is not optimal because of the short duration optimal at low rpm.
Validation of the model
Validation of the model simulation data is compared with the data results of experiments done, the
validation data used is the result of power and torque at 200 o duration.

validation model
3000

2500
Power (Watt)

2000

1500

1000

500

0
1000 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000
Speed (rpm)

eksperiment simulasi

From the above data it can be seen that the maximum power occurs at a speed of 2500 rpm to 4000 rpm,
the difference in the percentage error of 23.16%, this was due to the conditions of admission different fuel
injection systems use between simulations with experiments using a carburetor.
 validation Model
10

torque (Nm)
6

0
1000 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000
Speed (rpm)

eksperiment simulasi

From the second chart above shows that the error percentage above data simulation and eksperiment is
0.06% and decreased dramatically torque at 3500 rpm to 4000 rpm. This is because the supply of fuel and
air into the fuel space is not maximized so that combustion is not perfect so the torque experienced
decreased dramatically.

simulation
3000
Power (Watt)

2000
1000
0
2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000

Durasi 200 Speed

Durasi(rpm)
210 Durasi 220

On 3 camshaft above shows that the maximum power occurs in the duration of 210 o at a speed of 3000
rpm is equal to 2592.38 Watt. This is because the value of the mean effective pressure on the duration of
210 o better compared with a duration of 200 o and 220 o. While the trend of decline after 3000rpm speed
can be caused by supply of fuel and air at high speed is not optimum for a small duration values and
maximum lift camshaft short therefore the machine is not working optimally that causes decreased power.
simulation
10
Torque (N.m)

0
2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000

Durasi 200 Speed

Durasi(Rpm)
210 Durasi 220
Camshaft duration of 3 above shows the greatest torque values occur in the duration of 210 at a speed of
3000rpm, this is because the value of the effective power in duration compared to the duration of the 210
best o 200 o and 220 o. Meanwhile the downward trend of torque at 3000rpm to 6000rpm speeds can be
caused efektik power has decreased because of different volumes of air and fuel to enter is not suitable for
high speed so that the engine suffered incomplete combustion.

simulasi
84.50%

efisiensi volumetri
84.45%
84.40%
84.35%
84.30%
84.25%
84.20%
2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000
speed

Durasi 200 Durasi 210 Durasi 220

Decrease in volumetric efficiency at a speed of 2500 rpm to 3000 rpm and 3500 rpm in the third due to the
duration of the average effective pressure is small at such speeds that volumetric efficiency decreases. The
increase in volumetric efficiency at a speed of 4000 rpm can be caused by a large air mass flow rate and
volume depending small piston movement, and decreased efficiency at a speed of 4500 rpm to 6000 rpm
due to the small air mass flow rate at high speeds.

A. CONCLUSION
1. The optimal duration of the engine is 210 degrees with the opening of 15 degrees before TDC and 15
degrees after TMB with overlap of 30 degrees.
2. best engine performance in duration of 210 with the value:
Maximum power occurs at 3000 rpm with a value of 2592.38 Watt.
The maximum torque occurs at 3000 rpm with a value of 8255 Nm.
Maximum volumetric efficiency occurs at 2500 rpm with a value of 84.4775%.