Thursday,January5,2012

ContohsoaltestGMAT

KemarininisempetcarisoaldancontonsoaluntuktestGMATS2,siapatauadayangperluini
kumpulancontohsoaldanlatihannya:

1.IfLynncantypeapageinpminutes,whatpieceofthepagecanshedoin5minutes?
A.5/p
B.p5
C.p+5
D.p/5
E.1p+5
2.IfSallycanpaintahousein4hours,andJohncanpaintthesamehousein6hour,howlongwillit
takeforbothofthemtopaintthehousetogether?
A.2hoursand24minutes
B.3hoursand12minutes
C.3hoursand44minutes
D.4hoursand10minutes
E.4hoursand33minutes
3.Employeesofadiscountappliancestorereceiveanadditional20%offofthelowestpriceonan
item.Ifanemployeepurchasesadishwasherduringa15%offsale,howmuchwillhepayifthe
dishwasheroriginally
cost$450?
A.$280.90
B.$287
C.$292.50
D.$306
E.$333.89
4.Thesalespriceofacaris$12,590,whichis20%offtheoriginalprice.Whatistheoriginalprice?
A.$14,310.40
B.$14,990.90
C.$15,290.70
D.$15,737.50
E.$16,935.80
5.SolvethefollowingequationforA:2A/3=8+4A
A.2.4
B.2.4
C.1.3
D.1.3
E.0
6.IfLeahis6yearsolderthanSue,andJohnis5yearsolderthanLeah,andthetotaloftheiragesis
41.ThenhowoldisSue?
A.8
B.10
C.14
D.19
E.21
7.Alfredwantstoinvest$4,000at6%simpleinterestratefor5years.Howmuchinterestwillhe
receive?
A.$240
B.$480
C.$720
D.$960
E.$1,200
8.Jimisabletosellahandcarvedstatuefor$670whichwasa35%profitoverhiscost.Howmuch
didthestatueoriginallycosthim?
A.$496.30
B.$512.40
C.$555.40
D.$574.90
E.$588.20
9.Thecitycouncilhasdecidedtoadda0.3%taxonmotelandhotelrooms.Ifatravelerspendsthe
nightinamotelroomthatcosts$55beforetaxes,howmuchwillthecityreceiveintaxesfromhim?
A.10cents
B.11cents
C.15cents
D.17cents
E.21cents
10.Astudentreceiveshisgradereportfromalocalcommunitycollege,buttheGPAissmudged.He
tookthefollowingclasses:a2hourcreditart,a3hourcredithistory,a4hourcreditsciencecourse,a3
hourcreditmathematicscourse,anda1hoursciencelab.HereceivedaBintheartclass,anAin
thehistoryclass,aCinthescienceclass,aBinthemathematicsclass,andanAinthescience
lab.WhatwashisGPAifthelettergradesarebasedona4pointscale?(A=4,B=3,C=2,D=1,F=0)
A.2.7
B.2.8
C.3.0
D.3.1
E.3.2
11.Simonarrivedatworkat8:15A.M.andleftworkat10:30P.M.IfSimongetspaidbythehourata
rateof$10andtimeandforanyhoursworkedover8inaday.HowmuchdidSimongetpaid?
A.$120.25
B.$160.75
C.$173.75
D.$180
E.$182.50
12.Gracehas16jellybeansinherpocket.Shehas8redones,4greenones,and4blueones.Whatis
theminimumnumberofjellybeansshemusttakeoutofherpockettoensurethatshehasoneofeach
color?
A.4
B.8
C.12
D.13
E.16
13.Ifr=5zthen15z=3y,thenr=
A.y
B.2y
C.5y
D.10y
E.15y
14.If300jellybeanscostyouxdollars.Howmanyjellybeanscanyoupurchasefor50centsatthe
samerate?
A.150/x
B.150x
C.6x
D.1500/x
E.600x
15.Leeworked22hoursthisweekandmade$132.Ifsheworks15hoursnextweekatthesamepay
rate,howmuchwillshemake?
A.$57
B.$90
C.$104
D.$112
E.$122
16.If8x+5x+2x+4x=114,the5x+3=
A.12
B.25
C.33
D.47
E.86
17.Youneedtopurchaseatextbookfornursingschool.Thebookcost$80.00,andthesalestaxwhere
youarepurchasingthebookis8.25%.Youhave$100.Howmuchchangewillyoureceiveback?
A.$5.20
B.$7.35
C.$13.40
D.$19.95
E.$21.25
18.Youpurchaseacarmakingadownpaymentof$3,000and6monthlypaymentsof$225.How
muchhaveyoupaidsofarforthecar?
A.$3225
B.$4350
C.$5375
D.$6550
E.$6398
19.Yoursupervisorinstructsyoutopurchase240pensand6staplersforthenurse'sstation.Pensare
purchasedinsetsof6for$2.35perpack.Staplersaresoldinsetsof2for12.95.Howmuchwill
purchasingtheseproductscost?
A.$132.85
B.$145.75
C.$162.90
D.$225.25
E.$226.75
20.Ify=3,theny3(y3y)=
A.300
B.459
C.648
D.999
E.1099
AnswerKey
1.A
2.A
3.D
4.D
5.A
6.A
7.E
8.A
9.D
10.C
11.C
12.D
13.A
14.A
15.B
16.C
17.C
18.B
19.A
20.C
1.IftheaverageofthreenumbersisV.IfoneofthenumbersisZandanotherisY,whatisthe
remainingnumber?
A.ZYV
B.Z/V3Y
C.Z/3VY
D.3VZY
E.VZY
2.Twocyclistsstartbikingfromatrail'sstart3hoursapart.Thesecondcyclisttravelsat10milesper
hourandstarts3hoursafterthefirstcyclistwhoistravelingat6milesperhour.Howmuchtimewill
passbeforethesecondcyclistcatchesupwiththefirstfromthetimethesecondcycliststartedbiking?
A.2hours
B.4hours
C.5hours
D.6hours
E.7hours
3.Jimcanfillapoolcarryingbucketsofwaterin30minutes.Suecandothesamejobin45minutes.
Tonycandothesamejobin1hours.Howquicklycanallthreefillthepooltogether?
A.12minutes
B.15minutes
C.21minutes
D.23minutes
E.28minutes
4.Maryisreviewingheralgebraquiz.Shehasdeterminedthatoneofhersolutionsisincorrect.Which
oneisit?
A.2x+5(x1)=9,x=2
B.p3(p5)=10,p=2.5
C.4y+3y=28,y=4
D.5w+6w3w=64,w=8
E.t2t3t=32,t=8
5.WhatsimpleinterestratewillSusanneedtosecuretomake$2,500ininterestona$10,000principal
over5years?
A.4%
B.5%
C.6%
D.7%
E.8%
6.Whichofthefollowingisnotarationalnumber?
A.4
B.1/5
C.0.8333333...
D.0.45
E.

7.Astudyreportedthatinarandomsamplingof100womenovertheageof35showedthat8ofthe
womenweremarried2ormoretimes.Basedonthestudyresults,howmanywomeninagroupof
5,000womenovertheageof35wouldlikelybemarried2ormoretimes?
A.55
B.150
C.200
D.400
E.600
8.Johnistravelingtoameetingthatis28milesaway.Heneedstobetherein30minutes.Howfast
doesheneedtogotomakeittothemeetingontime?
A.25mph
B.37mph
C.41mph
D.49mph
E.56mph
9.IfStevencanmix20drinksin5minutes,Suecanmix20drinksin10minutes,andJackcanmix20
drinksin15minutes,howmuchtimewillittakeall3ofthemworkingtogethertomixthe20drinks?
A.2minutesand44seconds
B.2minutesand58seconds
C.3minutesand10seconds
D.3minutesand26seconds
E.4minutesand15seconds
10.IfSamcandoajobin4daysthatLisacandoin6daysandTomcandoin2days,howlongwould
thejobtakeifSam,Lisa,andTomworkedtogethertocompleteit?
A.0.8days
B.1.09days
C.1.23days
D.1.65days
E.1.97days
11.Jimhas5piecesofstring.Heneedstochoosethepiecethatwillbeabletogoaroundhis36inch
waist.Hisbeltbroke,andhispantsarefallingdown.Thepieceneedstobeatleast4incheslongerthan
hiswaistsohecantieaknotinit,butitcannotbemorethat6incheslongersothattheendswillnot
showfromunderhisshirt.Whichofthefollowingpiecesofstringwillworkthebest?
A.3feet
B.3feet
C.3feet
D.3feet
E.2feet
12.Thelastweekofamonthacardealershipsold12cars.Anewsalespromotioncameoutthefirst
weekofthenextmonthandthesold19carsthatweek.Whatwasthepercentincreaseinsalesfromthe
lastweekofthepreviousmonthcomparedtothefirstweekofthenextmonth?
A.58%
B.119%
C.158%
D.175%
E.200%
13.Iftwoplanesleavethesameairportat1:00PM,howmanymilesapartwilltheybeat3:00PMif
onetravelsdirectlynorthat150mphandtheothertravelsdirectlywestat200mph?
A.50miles
B.100miles
C.500miles
D.700miles
E.1,000miles
14.Duringa5dayfestival,thenumberofvisitorstripledeachday.Ifthefestivalopenedona
Thursdaywith345visitors,whatwastheattendanceonthatSunday?
A.345
B.1,035
C.1,725
D.3,105
E.9,315
AnswerKey
1.D
2.B
3.B
4.E
5.B
6.E
7.D
8.E
9.A
10.B
11.C
12.A
13.C
14.E
1.Round907.457tothenearesttensplace.
A.908.0
B.910
C.907.5
D.900
E.907.46
2.Atacertainhighschool,therespectiveweightsforthefollowingsubjectsare:
Mathematics3,English3,History2,Science2andArt1.
Whatisastudent'saveragewhosemarkswerethefollowing:Geometry89,AmericanLiterature92,
AmericanHistory94,Biology81,andSculpture85?
A.85.7
B.87.8
C.88.9
D.89.4
E.90.2
3.Gingeroverthecourseofanaverageworkweekwantedtoseehowmuchshespentonlunchdaily.
OnMondayandThursday,shespent$5.43total.OnTuesdayandWednesday,shespent$3.54oneach
day.OnFriday,shespent$7.89onlunch.Whatwasheraveragedailycost?
A.$3.19
B.$3.75
C.$3.90
D.$4.08
E.$4.23
4.Whatis1230.932567roundedtothenearesthundredthsplace?
A.1200
B.1230.9326
C.1230.93
D.1230
E.1230.933
5.Subtractthefollowingnumbersroundedtothenearesttenthsplace.
134.679
45.548
67.8807
A.21.3
B.21.25
C.58.97
D.59.0
E.1
6.Whatistheabsolutevalueof9?
A.9
B.9
C.0
D.1
E.1
7.Whatisthemedianofthefollowinglistofnumbers?4,5,7,9,10,12
A.6
B.7.5
C.7.8
D.8
E.9
8.Whatisthemathematicalaverageofthenumberofweeksinayear,seasonsinayear,andthe
numberofdaysinJanuary?
A.36
B.33
C.32
D.31
E.29
9.Inacollege,somecoursescontributemoretowardsanoverallGPAthanothercourses.Forexample,
ascienceclassisworth4points;mathematicsisworth3points;historyisworth2points;andEnglish
isworth3points.Thevaluesofthegradelettersareasfollows,A=4,B=3,C=2,D=1,F=0.Whatis
theGPAofastudentwhomadeaCinTrigonometry,aBinAmericanHistory,anAinBotany,
andaBinMicrobiology?
A.2.59
B.2.86
C.3.08
D.3.33
E.3.67
10.Overthecourseofaweek,Fredspent$28.49onlunch.Whatwastheaveragecostperday?
A.$4.07
B.$3.57
C.$6.51
D.$2.93
E.$5.41
11.Aroastwascookedat325Fintheovenfor4hours.Theinternaltemperaturerosefrom32Fto
145F.Whatwastheaverageriseintemperatureperhour?
A.20.2F/hr
B.28.25F/hr
C.32.03F/hr
D.37F/hr
E.37.29F/hr
12.Inthenumber743.25whichdigitrepresentsthetenthsspace?
A.2
B.3
C.4
D.5
E.6
AnswerKey
1.B
2.C
3.D
4.C
5.A
6.B
7.D
8.E
9.C
10.A
11.B
12.A
1.Add0.98+45.102+32.3333+31+0.00009
A.368.573
B.210.536299
C.109.41539
D.99.9975
E.80.8769543
2.Find0.121
A.12
B.1.2
C..12
D..012
E..0012
3.(93)x(84)=
A.1
B.6
C.72
D.576
E.752
4.6x0x5
A.30
B.11
C.25
D.0
E.27
5.7.951.5
A.2.4
B.5.3
C.6.2
D.7.3
E.7.5
6.32+7equals:
A.25
B.25
C.26
D.26
E.27
7.37+47equals:
A.64
B.84
C.65
D.75
E.66
8.41%equals:
A.4.1
B..41
C..041
D..0041
E..00415
AnswerKey
1.C
2.C
3.B
4.D
5.B
6.A
7.B
8.B
1.FortheThanksgivingreunion,relativesweresittinginthediningroom,ontheporch,andinthe
carport.
A.Thanksgiving,reunion
B.Were,sitting
C.Porchand
D.Noerror
2.Lydiaseemstobeakind,considerategirl.
A.Seems,to
B.Considerate,girl
C.Kindconsiderate
D.Noerror
3.ThisfishingpoleNathan,hasseenbetterdays.
A.Pole,Nathan,
B.Has,seen
C.Nathan,
D.Noerror
4.Mycousinhasmovedto56CentralStreetNarragansett,RhodeIsland02882.
A.Hasmoved,
B.CentralStreet,
C.56,Central
D.Noerror
5.Thebadger,ashyanimalsometimesmakesfriendswithacoyote.
A.Sometimes,makes
B.Friends,with
C.Ashyanimal,
D.Noerror
6.AfterthedeathofBlackbeard,thefamouspirate,piracydisappearedfromthecoastoftheAmerican
colonies.
A.Thefamouspirate
B.Afterthedeath,
C.Coast,of
D.Noerror
7.SilentNightwaswrittenbytwomenfromthevillageofOberndorfAustria.
A.men,from
B.SilentNight,
C.Oberndorf,Austria
D.Noerror
8.OnNovember19,1929AdmiralRichardE.ByrdflewtheFloydBennetttothebaseoftheQueen
MaudMountains.
A.Base,of
B.The,Queen
C.1929,
D.noerror
9.OhIforgottobringthecookies.
A.Oh,
B.I,forgot
C.To,bring
D.Noerror
10.Theboyinthekayak,whisperedSueisthenewfootballcaptain."
A.Boy,inthe
B.New,football
C.WhisperedSue,
D.Noerror
AnswerKey
1.D
2.D
3.A
4.B
5.C
6.D
7.C
8.C
9.A
10.C
1.Describethefollowingsequenceinmathematicalterms.144,72,36,18,9
A.Descendingarithmeticsequence
B.Ascendingarithmeticsequence
C.Descendinggeometricsequence
D.Ascendinggeometricsequence
E.Miscellaneoussequence
2.Whichofthefollowingisnotawholenumberfollowedbyitssquare?
A.1,1
B.6,36
C.8,64
D.10,100
E.11,144
3.AnursehastorecordhertemperaturesinCelsiusbutherthermometerreadsFahrenheit.Apatient's
temperatureis100.7F.WhatisthetemperatureinC?
A.32C
B.36.5C
C.38.2C
D.213.3C
E.223.7C
4.Artrealizedthathehad2morequartersthanhehadoriginallythoughtinhispocket.Ifallofthe
changeinhispocketisquartersandittotalsto$8.75,howmanyquartersdidheoriginallythinkwere
inhispocket?
A.27
B.29
C.31
D.33
E.35
5.Thereare12moreapplesthanorangesinabasketof36applesandoranges.Howmanyapplesarein
thebasket?
A.12
B.15
C.24
D.28
E.36
6.Whichofthefollowingcorrectlyidentifies4consecutiveoddintegerswherethesumofthemiddle
twointegersisequalto24?
A.5,7,9,11
B.7,9,11,13
C.9,11,13,15
D.11,13,15,17
E.13,15,17,19
7.Whatisthenextnumberinthesequence?6,12,24,48,___
A.72
B.96
C.108
D.112
E.124
8.Whichofthefollowingnumberscouldbedescribedinthefollowingway:anintegerthatisanatural,
rationalandwholenumber?
A.0
B.1
C.2.33
D.3
E.noneoftheabove
9.Whatisthenextnumberinthefollowingpattern?1,1/2,1/4,1/8,___
A.1/10
B.1/12
C.1/14
D.1/15
E.1/16
10.Ofthefollowingunits,whichwouldbemostlikelytomeasuretheamountofsugarneededina
recipefor2dozencookies
A.degreesCelsius
B.milliliters
C.quarts
D.kilograms
E.cups
AnswerKey
1.C
2.E
3.C
4.D
5.C
6.C
7.B
8.B
9.E
10.E
1.104isnotequaltowhichofthefollowing?
A.100,000
B.0.1x105
C.10x10x10x10
D.102x102
E.10,000
2.Multiply104by102
A.108
B.102
C.106
D.102
E.103
3.Dividex5byx2
A.x7
B.x4
C.x10
D.x3
E.x2.5
4.Find8.23x109
A.0.00000000823
B.0.000000823
C.8.23
D.8230000000
E.823000000000
5.83,000equals:
A.83.0x104
B.8.3x104
C.8.3x103
D.83.0x105
E.83.0x102
6..00875equals:
A.8.75x102
B.8.75x103
C.8.75x104
D.87.5x103
E.875x104
AnswerKey
1.A
2.C
3.D
4.D
5.B
6.B
1.Whatistheimproperfractionormixednumberrepresentedbythefollowingfigure?

A.21/3
B.7/6
C.25/8
D.11/3
E.11/9
2.Whichofthefollowingfractionsmostcorrectlydepictstheshadedareaofthecirclebelow?

A.3/8
B.5/8
C.3/4
D.5/11
E.1/2
3.Whichofthefollowingisnotafractionequivalentto3/4?
A.6/8
B.9/12
C.12/18
D.21/28
E.27/36
4.Solve:0.25+0.65
A.1/2
B.9/10
C.4/7
D.2/9
E.5/16
5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalse?
A.Inthefraction,oneisthenumerator.
B.When4.89isroundedtotheonesplace,theansweris5.
C.Tenthousandthsplaceislocated5placestotherightofthedecimal
D.7/6isdescribedasanimproperfraction.
E.331/3%isequivalentto

6.Findthesquareof25/9
A.5/3
B.3/5
C.758/81
D.15/2
E.650/81
7.Sarahneedstomakeacakeandsomecookies.Thecakerequires3/8cupofsugarandthecookies
require3/5cupofsugar.Sarahhas15/16cupsofsugar.Doesshehaveenoughsugar,orhowmuch
moredoessheneed?
A.Shehasenoughsugar.
B.Sheneeds1/8ofacupofsugar.
C.Sheneeds3/80ofacupofsugar.
D.Sheneeds4/19ofacupofsugar.
E.Sheneeds1/9ofacupofsugar.
8.Thereare8ouncesina1/2pound.Howmanyouncesarein73/4lbs?
A.12ounces
B.86ounces
C.119ounces
D.124ounces
E.138ounces
9.Ifthevalueofxandyinthefollowingfractionarebothtripled,howdoesthevalueofthefraction
change?
XZ
Y
A.increasesbyhalf
B.decreasesbyhalf
C.triples
D.doubles
E.remainsthesame
10.Whichofthefollowingfractionsistheequivalentof0.5%
A.1/20
B.1/200
C.1/2000
D.1/5
E.1/500
11.Whichofthesenumbersisafactorof21
A.2
B.5
C.7
D.42
E.44
12.Iftheaveragepersondrinks8,(8oz)glassesofwaterperday,apersonwhodrinks12.8ozofwater
afteramorningexercisesessionhasconsumedwhatfractionofthedailyaverage?
A.1/3
B.1/5
C.1/7
D.1/9
E.1/10
13.Youneed4/5cupsofwaterforarecipe.Youaccidentallyput1/3cupsintothemixingbowlwith
thedryingredients.Howmuchmorewaterincupsdoyouneedtoadd?
A.1/3cups
B.2/3cups
C.1/15cups
D.7/15cups
E.7/16cups
14.=
A.
B.1/3
C.
D.2/3
E.2/5
15.71/253/8=
A.11/2
B.12/3
C.21/8
D.31/4
E.3
AnswerKey
1.C
2.B
3.C
4.B
5.C
6.C
7.C
8.D
9.E
10.B
11.C
12.B
13.D
14.A
15.C
1.Whichofthefollowinglettersrepresentsthevertexinthefollowingpicture?

A.DandE
B.EandH
C.FandG
D.Gonly
E.Honly
2.Ifacirclehasthediameterof8,whatisthecircumference?
A.6.28
B.12.56
C.25.13
D.50.24
E.100.48
3.Whatistheareaofthetrianglebelow?

A.22cm2
B.33cm2
C.44cm2
D.50cm2
E.66cm2
4.Whatisthemeasureofthesolidlineangledepictedbythefollowingfigure?

A.90degrees
B.180degrees
C.225degrees
D.270degrees
E.0degrees
5.WhatisthemeasureofangleBinthefollowingfigureifangleAmeasures135?

A.40
B.45
C.50
D.135
E.225
AnswerKey
1.E
2.C
3.B
4.D
5.B
1.Inthefollowingfigure,whatistheareaoftheshadedcircleinsideofthesquare?

A.512
B.256
C.16
D.50.24
E.12.57
2.Inthefigurebelow,determinetheareaoftheshadedregionofthefigure.
A.9.354
B.10.52
C.16.437
D.49
E.104.86
3.WhatarethecoordinatesofpointAonthefollowinggraph?

A.(3,4)
B.(4,3)
C.(3,4)
D.(4,3)
E.(3,4)
4.WhatwastheaveragenumberofbabiesthatDr.Jonesdeliveredeachyearfrom1995to1998?
A.35
B.40
C.45
D.50
E.55
5.HowmanybabiesdidDr.Jonesdeliverin1998?
A.25
B.35
C.45
D.55
E.65
6.IfDr.Jonesdelivered85babiesin1999,howmanyrattleswouldrepresentthisnumber?
A.6
B.7
C.7
D.8
E.8
7.IfXYZAutoCompanysold23,000vehiclesin1999,howmanywereSUV's?
A.2,990
B.3,030
C.3,450
D.4,760
E.4,775
8.If7,650trucksweresoldin1999,howmanytotalvehiclesweresoldin1999byXYZAuto
Company?
A.35,000
B.40,000
C.45,000
D.50,000
E.55,000
9.If3,7502doorsedansweresoldin1999,thenhowmany4doorsedansweresoldin1999byXYZ
AutoCompany?
A.3,578
B.4,950
C.5,120
D.5,670
E.5,845
10.Howmuchdidtheinfantgaininthefirstmonthoflife?

A.6ounces
B.12ounces
C.15ounces
D.8lbs8ounces
E.9lbs4ounces
11.WhatwastheaverageweightoftheinfantfromApriltoOctober,roundedtothenearestounce?
A.10lbs
B.10lbs5ounces
C.10lbs9ounces
D.11lbs5ounces
E.11lbs9ounces
12.Betweenwhichtwomonthsdidtheinfantgainthemostweight?
A.AprilandMay
B.JuneandJuly
C.JulyandAugust
D.AugustandSeptember
E.SeptemberandOctober
13.Inthegraphbelow,noaxesororiginisshown.IfpointB'scoordinatesare(10,3),whichofthe
followingcoordinateswouldmostlikelybeA's?

A.(17,2)
B.(10,6)
C.(6,8)
D.(10,3)
E.(2,17)
14.Howmanyboysattendedthe1995convention?

A.358
B.390
C.407
D.540
E.716
15.Whichyeardidthesamenumberofboysandgirlsattendtheconference?
A.1995
B.1996
C.1997
D.1998
E.None
16.Whichtwoyearsdidtheleastnumberofboysattendtheconvention?
A.1995and1996
B.1995and1998
C.1996and1997
D.1996and1992
E.1997and1998
AnswerKey
1.E
2.B
3.C
4.C
5.D
6.E
7.A
8.C
9.B
10.B
11.C
12.D
13.C
14.A
15.A
16.A
1.Everyoneinthebankincludingthemanagerandthetellers,rantothedoorwhenthefirealarmrang.

A.tellers,ran
B.tellers:ran
C.tellers,hadrun
D.tellersran
E.tellers'ran
2.Tonoonessurprise,Joedidn'thavehishomeworkready.
A.noonessurprise
B.noonessurprise
C.noonessurprise
D.noones'surprise
E.noone'ssurprise
3.IfhewouldhavereadTheWhiteBirds,hemighthavelikedWilliamButlerYeats'spoetry.
A.wouldhaveread
B.couldhaveread
C.wouldofread
D.couldofread
E.hadread
4.Afterthehurricane,uprootedtreeswerelayingallovertheground.
A.werelaying
B.lying
C.werelying
D.werelaid
E.waslaid
5.RalphWaldoEmerson(18031882),thegreatTranscendentalistphilosopher,wroteinhisessay
SelfRelianceoftheneedforanindividualtodevelophiscapacities.
A.essaySelfReliance
B.essay,SelfReliance
C.essay:SelfReliance
D.essay,SelfReliance
E.essay;SelfReliance
6.Therecentlybuiltchildren'samusementparkhasbeencalledaboontothecommunitybyits
supportersandaneyesorebyitsharshestcritics.
A.andaneyesorebyitsharshest
B.and,aneyesore,byitsharshest
C.and,aneyesore;byitsharshest
D.andaneyesorebyits'harshest
E.andaneyesorebyits'harshest
7.Ialwayshavetroublerememberingthemeaningofthesetwocommonverbs,affect(tochangeor
toinfluence)andeffect(tocauseortoaccomplish).
A.toaccomplish).
B.toaccomplish).
C.toaccomplish).
D.Toaccomplish.
E.(toaccomplish.)
8.MyclassjustfinishedreadingTheFalloftheHouseofUsher,ashortstorybyEdgarAllenPoe.
A.readingTheFalloftheHouseofUsher,
B.reading,TheFalloftheHouseofUsher,
C.readingTheFalloftheHouseofUsher,
D.reading,TheFallofthehouseofUsher,
E.reading:TheFalloftheHouseofUsher
9.Afteritwasrepaireditranperfectagain.
A.ranperfect
B.ranperfectly
C.couldrunperfect
D.couldofrunperfect
E.wouldrunperfectly
10."Aretheretwoe'sinbeetle,"askedMargo?
A.theretwoe'sinbeetle,"askedMargo?
B.theirtwoe'sinbeetle?"askedMargo.
C.theretwoe'sinbeetle,"askedMargo?
D.theretwoe'sinbeetle?"askedMargo.
E.theretwoe'sinbeetle,askedMargo?
11.Thecircusaudiencereceivedawelldeservedroundofapplausefortheperfectlytimedacrobatic
stunt.
A.audiencereceivedawelldeserved
B.audiencegaveawelldeserved
C.audiencedidreceiveawelldeserved
D.audiencegaveawelldeserved
E.audiencedidgetawelldeserved
12.Lookingdirectlyatme,myMothersaid,Theseareyouroptions:thechoiceisyours.
A.Mothersaid,Theseareyouroptions:thechoiceis
B.Mothersaidtheseareyouroptions,thechoiceis
C.Motherhadsaid,Theseareyouroptions;thechoiceis
D.Motherhadsaid,Theseareyouroptions;thechoiceis
E.Mothersaid,Theseareyouroptions;thechoiceis
13.PorcupineisfromLatinporcus,pig,andspina,spine.
A.porcus,pig,andspina,spine.
B.Porcuspigandspina,spine.
C.Porcuspig,andSpina,spine.
D.PorcusPig,Spinaspine.
E.Porcus,pig,andspinaspine.
14.Seeingthedolphins,somesharks,akillerwhale,andaMorayeelmadethevisittothemarinepark
worthwhile.
A.akillerwhale,andaMorayeelmadethevisit
B.akillerwhale,andamorayeelmadethevisit
C.akillerwhaleandamorayeelmakesthevisit
D.akillerwhaleandaMorayeelmakesthevisit
E.akillerwhaleandamorayeelmadethevisit
15.Still,thefactthataplanetexistsoutsideoursolarsystemencourageshopethatothersolarsystems
exist,andinthem,perhaps,aplanetthatdoessupportlife.
A.thataplanetexistsoutsideoursolarsystemencourageshopethatothersolarsystemsexist,and
B.thataPlanetexistsoutsideoursolarsystemencourageshopethatothersolarsystemsexistand
C.couldbethataplanetexistsoutsideoursolarsystemencourageshopethatothersolarsystemsexist,
and
D.thataplanetexistoutsideoursolarsystemsencouragehopethatothersolarsystemsexist,and
E.thataplanetdoesexistsoutsideoursolarsystemencourageshopethatothersolarsystemsexist,and

16.Mailordershoppingcanbeconvenientandtimesavingwithappropriateprecautions,itissafeas
well.
A.canbeconvenientandtimesaving
B.canbeconvenientandtimesaving;
C.shouldbeconvenientandtimesaving;
D.couldbeconvenientandtimesaving;
E.canbeconvenientandtimesaving;
17.Amongthemanyfieldsofscience,nomatterwhatturnsyouon,thereareseveralfieldsofstudy.
A.science,nomatterwhatturnsyouon,
B.Science,nomatterwhatturnsyouon,
C.Science,nomatterwhichyouchose,
D.Science,nomatterwhichoftheseyouchose
E.science,nomatterwhichyouchoose,
18.Thefactthatboxingisknowntocauseheadinjuriesandbraindamageshouldleadustoinformthe
publicandpushforabanonboxing.
A.shouldleadustoinform
B.couldleadustoinform
C.shouldofledustoinform
D.willleadustoinform
E.shouldhaveledustoinform,
19.Thefirstpartofthetestwasonchemistry,thesecondonmathematics,andthethirdonenglish.
A.onmathematics,andthethirdonenglish.
B.onmathematics;andthethirdonEnglish.
C.onMathematics;andthethirdonEnglish.
D.onmathematics,andthethirdonEnglish.
E.onmathematics:andthethirdonEnglish.
20.TheDiaryofAnneFrankshowedayounggirl'scourageduringtwoyearsofhiding.
A.showedayounggirl'scourage
B.showsayounggirl'scourage
C.didshowayounggirlscourage
D.hasshownayounggirl'scourage
E.showedayounggirl'scourage
21.InAugustmyparentswillbemarriedfortwentyfiveyears.
A.willbemarriedfortwentyfiveyears.
B.shallhavebeenmarriedfortwentyfiveyears.
C.willhavebeenmarriedfortwentyfiveyears.
D.willbemarriedfortwentyfiveyears.
E.willhavemarriedfortwentyfiveyears.
AnswerKey
1.D
2.E
3.E
4.C
5.A
6.A
7.B
8.C
9.B
10.D
11.D
12.E
13.A
14.B
15.A
16.E
17.E
18.A
19.D
20.B
21.C
1.ThewordboycottderivesfromthenameofCharlesC.Boycott,anEnglishlandagentinIrelandthat
wasostracizedforrefusingtoreducerent.
A.thatwasostracizedforrefusing
B.whowasostracizedforrefusing
C.whichwasostracizedforrefusing
D.thathadbeenostracizedforrefusing
E.whohadbeenostracizedforrefusing
2.Asaresultofhismethodforearlymusiceducation,ShinichiSuzukihasbeenknownasoneofthe
world'sgreatviolinteachers.
A.hasbeenknownasone
B.hadbeenknownasone
C.isseenasone
D.isbeingseenasone
E.hasbeenone
3.Lastnighttheweatherforecasterannouncedthatthisisthemostrainyseasontheareahashadinthe
pastdecade.
A.thisisthemostrainyseasonthe
B.thishasbeenthemostrainyseasonthe
C.thiswasthemostrainyseasonthe
D.thisisnotedasthemostrainyseasonthe
E.thisistherainiestseasonthe
4.AlthoughMandyisyoungerthanhersister,Mandyisthetallestofthetwo.
A.isthetallestofthe
B.isthetallerofthe
C.hasbeenthetallerofthe
D.isthemosttallofthe
E.isthemoretallerofthe
5.WhenKatherineHepburn'splaycametotown,alltheticketshadsoldoutfarinadvance.
A.hadsoldoutfar
B.havesoldoutfar
C.weresoldoutfar
D.hadbeensoldoutfar
E.hadbeensoldoutfor
6.Theoriginsofmostsportsisunknown.
A.sportsisunknown
B.sportshavebeenunknown
C.sportsareunknown
D.sportshasbeenunknown
E.sportsarenowunknown
7.NeitheroftheSmithbrothersexpecttobedraftedbyamajorleagueteamthisyear.
A.expecttobedrafted
B.expectstobedrafted
C.hasexpectedtobedrafted
D.isexpectingtobedrafted
E.wasexpectingtobedrafted
8.Hasanyofthewitnessesbeensworninyet?
A.Hasanyofthe
B.Isanyofthe
C.Willanyofthe
D.Areanyofthe
E.Haveanyofthe
9.TheLusitaniasunkonMay7,1915.
A.sunk
B.didsink
C.wassunk
D.didsank
E.sank
10.Whosintheofficenow?
A.Whosin
B.Whosein
C.Whoisin
D.Who'sin
E.Whose'in
11.Therearenowmanykindsofdictionaries,suchasadictionaryofsynonymsandantonyms,a
biographicaldictionary,andageographicaldictionarywithpronunciationsgiven.
A.withpronunciationsgiven
B.thathaspronunciationsgiven
C.withpronunciations'given
D.thathavepronunciationsgiven
E.thatdohavepronunciationsgiven
12.Toweringsevenhundredfeetabovethevalleyfloor,MountRushmoreNationalMemorialwasan
impressivesite.
A.wasanimpressivesite
B.isaimpressivesight
C.isanimpressivesight
D.wasanimpressivesight
E.isanimpressivesite
13.SanFranciscolayssouthwestofSacramento.
A.layssouthwest
B.haslaidsouthwest
C.islyingsouthwest
D.lainsouthwest
E.liessouthwest
14.DidtheyknowthatLaborDayalwayscameonthefirstMondayinSeptember?
A.cameon
B.comeson
C.hascomeon
D.hadcomeon
E.hascameon
15.Eating,drinking,andtostayuplateatnightwereamongherpleasures.
A.tostayuplate
B.toremainuplate
C.stayinguplate
D.shelikedstayinguplate
E.tryingtostayuplate
16.Eachnightwhennightcameandthetemperaturefell,myparentslitthefireinthebedroom.
A.andthetemperaturefell,
B.andthatthetemperaturedidfall
C.andthatthetemperaturefell
D.andbecausethetemperaturefell
E.andwhenthetemperaturefell
17.FrancispromisedtobringthePapagobasketthatsheboughtinArizona.
A.boughtin
B.hadboughtin
C.hasboughtin
D.didbuyin
E.purchasedin
18.Hehaslainhisracquetballgloveonthebeach.
A.haslain
B.haslaid
C.havelain
D.havelaid
E.islying
19.Iwouldhavelentyoumynotesifyouwouldhaveaskedme.
A.wouldhaveaskedme
B.couldofasked
C.couldask
D.hadasked
E.hadofasked
20.Manyscientistsarestillhopingtohavefoundlifeonanotherplanet.
A.tohavefound
B.tofind
C.twofind
D.tohavebeenfound
E.toohavefound
21.Becauseshehadanastoundingmemory,Suehasneverforgottenanimportantequation.
A.hadan
B.couldhavehad
C.has
D.didhave
E.hashad
AnswerKey
1.B
2.C
3.E
4.B
5.D
6.C
7.B
8.E
9.E
10.D
11.A
12.C
13.E
14.B
15.C
16.E
17.B
18.B
19.D
20.B
21.C
1.Davidwasknownforbelching;andtellinginappropriatejokesinpublic.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
2.GraduationfromHighSchoolisconsideredbymanyamomentousoccasion.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
3.Nursesplaysavitalroleinthehealthcareprofession.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
4.Afterhavinghistonselsremoved,thechildwaslistlessforafewdays.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
5.Theparkwasserineattwilight.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
6.Wasthepatient'smindlucidduringtheevaluation.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
7.Thebachalornevermarried.Mostpeoplethoughtitwasbecauseofmisogyny.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
8.Theintricacyofthemathematicalequation,drovethestudentcrazytryingtosolveit.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
9.Thehybridtomatoesisimmunetomostcommondiseases.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
10.TheprofessorwashumiliatedwhenhisstudentsreportedhimtotheDeanforverbalabuse.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
11.Theconartisthoodwinkedtheoldladywhenhesoldherfradulentinsurance.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
12.Themoviestarwasaccusedofamisdemeanor,whenshestole15dollarsworthofmerchandise
fromthestore.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
13.Thecongregationsangacomtemporaryhymn.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
14.Thewoundwerenecroticwhenexamined.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
15.Thedefendintexhibitedapeevishappearance.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
16.Thebanddirectorwasscheduledtoplaythepiccoloontuesday.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
17.Therenterwasremiss;abouttherent.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
18.Theoldmanwasknowforsapientknowledge.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
19.Theinventorcreateseveralspeciousideastosolvetheproblem.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
20.Theteacheridentifiedthetroublemakers,inherclassroom.
A.Capitalization
B.Punctuation
C.Spelling
D.Grammar
AnswerKey
1.B
2.A
3.D
4.C
5.C
6.B
7.C
8.B
9.D
10.A
11.C
12.B
13.C
14.D
15.C
16.A
17.B
18.D
19.D
20.B
1.Aninstrumentstoregivesa10%discounttoallstudentsofftheoriginalcostofaninstrument.
Duringabacktoschoolsaleanadditional15%istakenoffthediscountedprice.Julie,astudentatthe
localhighschool,purchasesaflutefor$306.Howmuchdiditoriginallycost?
A.$325
B.$375
C.$400
D.$408
E.$425
2.Ify(x1)=zthenx=
A.yz
B.z/y+1
C.y(z1)
D.z(y1)
E.1zy
3.WhichofthefollowingvaluesisNOTequalto34(58+9)?
A.34x67
B.58(34+9)
C.34x58+34x9
D.1,972+306
E.(9+58)34
4.Twoanglesofatrianglemeasure15and85.Whatisthemeasureforthethirdangle?
A.50
B.55
C.60
D.80
E.90
5.If5ouncesisequalto140grams,then2poundsofgroundmeatisequaltohowmanygrams?
A.863
B.878
C.896
D.915
E.932
6.Whichyeardidthemostchildrentakeswimminglessons?
A.1990
B.1991
C.1992
D.1994
E.1995
7.Betweenwhichyeardidthelargestdecreaseinchildrentakingswimminglessonsoccur?
A.19901991
B.19911992
C.19921993
D.19931994
E.19941995
8.Whatwastheaveragenumberofchildrentakingswimlessonsfrom1990to1995?
A.250
B.308
C.385
D.450
E.1,850
9.Whichofthefollowingisequalto5.93x102?
A.0.0593
B.0.00593
C.593
D.5930
E.59300
10.OnaMap,1inchrepresents20miles.Thedistancebetween2townsis61/5inches.Howmany
milesareactuallybetweenthetwotowns?
A.65miles
B.84miles
C.124miles
D.138miles
E.145miles
11.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectgraphofx>1,x<4?
A.LineA
B.LineB
C.LineC
D.LineD
E.LineE
12.Howmanycubedpiecesoffudgethatare3inchesonanedgecanbepackedintoaChristmastin
thatis9inchesdeepby12incheswideby8incheshighwiththelidstillbeingabletobeclosed?
A.18
B.24
C.32
D.36
E.43
13.Sarahistwiceasoldasheryoungestbrother.Ifthedifferencebetweentheiragesis15years.How
oldisheryoungestbrother?
A.10
B.15
C.20
D.25
E.30
14.Whichofthefollowingfractionsisequalto5/6?
A.20/30
B.15/24
C.25/30
D.40/54
E.2/7
15.Whatwillitcosttotileakitchenfloorthatis12feetwideby20feetlongifthetilecost$8.91per
squareyard?
A.$224.51
B.$237.60
C.$246.55
D.$271.38
E.$282.32
16.Inawritingcompetition,thefirstplacewinnerreceivesoftheprizemoney.Thesecondrunner
upreceivesofwhatthewinnerwon.Whatwasthetotalamountofprizemoneydistributedifthe
winnerreceives$6,000?
A.$6,000
B.$8,500
C.$12,000
D.$15,000
E.$18,500
17.Youarelying120ftawayfromatreethatis50feettall.Youlookupatthetopofthetree.
Approximatelyhowfarisyourhearfromthetopofthetreeinastraightline?
A.50feet
B.75feet
C.120feet
D.130feet
E.150feet
18.Acyclistbikesxdistanceat10milesperhourandreturnsoverthesamepathat8milesperhour.
Whatisthecyclist'saverageratefortheroundtripinmilesperhour?
A.8.1
B.8.3
C.8.6
D.8.9
E.9.0
19.Ifedgingcost$2.32per12inchstone,andyouwantadoublelayerofedgingaroundyourflower
bedthatis6yardsby1yard.Howmuchwilledgingyouflowerbedcost?
A.$32.48
B.$64.96
C.$97.44
D.$129.92
E.$194.88
20.If3x=6x15thenx+8=
A.5
B.10
C.11
D.12
E.13
21.Thenumberofmillilitersin1literis
A.10,000
B.1,000
C.0.1
D.0.01
E.0.001
22.Thecosttorideonaferryis$5.00pervehicleanddriverwithanadditionalcostof50centsper
passenger.Ifthechargetogetontheferryis$6.50,howmanypeoplewereinthevehicle?
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
E.5
23.Whatis1/9of9?
A.1/9
B.0
C.1
D.2
E.3
24.Inhispocket,aboyhas3redmarbles,4bluemarbles,and4greenmarbles.Howmanywillhe
havetotakeoutofhispockettoensurethathehastakenoutatleastoneofeachcolor?
A.3
B.7
C.8
D.9
E.11
25.Whichfractionisequalto0.20%?
A.1/20
B.1/40
C.1/50
D.1/400
E.1/500
26.Findthemissingterminthefollowingsequence:4,9,19,__,79
A.36
B.37
C.38
D.39
E.40
27.HowmuchmoneydidJessica'sbudgetallowforhousinginAprilof2001?

A.$617.80
B.$620.92
C.$622.50
D.$626.38
E.$633.20
28.WhatwastheaverageamountofmoneythatJessica'sbudgetallowedforclothingthefirstsix
monthsof2001?
A.$249.90
B.$250.40
C.$251.32
D.$253.33
E.$255.75
29.IfJessicaonlyspent20%insteadofthe25%allotmentforfoodinMayof2001,howmuchdidshe
save?
A.$131.10
B.$144.30
C.$148.32
D.$152.22
E.$153.33
30.Jonathancantypea20pagedocumentin40minutes,Susancantypeitin30minutes,andJackcan
typeitin24minutes.Workingtogether,howmuchtimewillittakethemtotypethesamedocument?
A.5minutes
B.10minutes
C.15minutes
D.18minutes
E.20minutes
31.Ofthefollowingfractions,whichislessthan2/3?
A.7/8
B.5/6
C.3/4
D.3/5
E.5/7
32.Ahockeyteamwon6gamesandlost8.Whatistheratioofwinstonumberofgames?
A.6/8
B.8/6
C.3/7
D.8/14
E.6/7
33.Suereceivesabasesalaryof$90weeklyplusa12%commissiononallsales.Suehad$3,000in
salesthisweek.Howmuchdidshemaketotal?
A.$375
B.$450
C.$480
D.$510
E.$525
34.Iftheperimeterofarectangularhouseis251/3yards,andthelengthis22feet.Whatisthewidth?
A.16feet
B.35feet
C.37feet
D.40feet
E.42feet
35.Jimmymadea15%profitonthesaleofacustomdesignedboat,andtheoriginalcostoftheboat
was$15,000.Theboatsoldforhowmuch?
A.$17,250.00
B.$16,540.44
C.$16,230.34
D.$15,980.55
E.$15,870.88
36.Arecentstudyshowedthatanincreaseinbodyweightby10kilogramsresultedina0.15%
increaseinheartdisease.Whatfractionisequalto0.15%?
A.3/2000
B.2/750
C.7/4000
D.5/3462
E.1/500
37.6.334x104=
A.0.0006334
B.0.06334
C.6334
D.63340
E.633400
38.If3x+5x=8,thenx+1=
A.2
B.1
C.0
D.1
E.2
39.Twoangleinatriangleequal120.Whatisthemeasureofthethirdangle?
A.60
B.70
C.80
D.90
E.120
40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeanappropriateunittomeasuresugarforacookierecipe?
A.liters
B.cups
C.quarts
D.kilograms
E.pounds
AnswerKey
1.C
2.B
3.B
4.D
5.C
6.E
7.C
8.B
9.A
10.C
11.A
12.B
13.B
14.C
15.B
16.C
17.D
18.D
19.E
20.E
21.B
22.D
23.C
24.D
25.E
26.D
27.C
28.E
29.A
30.B
31.D
32.C
33.B
34.A
35.A
36.A
37.D
38.C
39.A
40.B
1.Twoanglesofatriangleeachmeasure70.Whatisthemeasureofthethirdangleindegrees?
A.40
B.80
C.100
D.120
E.140
2.IfJackneeds2pintsofcreamtomakeadessert.Howmanypintswillheneedtomake3desserts?

A.2
B.3
C.4
D.5
E.7
3.Adiscountstoretakes50%offoftheretailpriceofadesk.Forthestore'sholidaysale,ittakesan
additional20%offofallfurniture.Thedesk'sretailpricewas$320.Howmuchisthedeskonsalefor
duringtheholidaysale?
A.$107
B.$114
C.$128
D.$136
E.$192
4.Whichvacationdestinationismostcommonforthestudents?

A.Beach
B.HistoricalSites
C.Cruises
D.Mountains
E.Other
5.If500studentsattendWashingtonMiddleSchool,howmanyaregoingtothemountainsfor
vacation?
A.25
B.60
C.75
D.100
E.125
6.Ifaofateaspoonis1ml,thenhowmanymillilitersarein6teaspoons?
A.10ml
B.12.5ml
C.15ml
D.20ml
E.24ml
7.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectgraphforx3orx2?

A.LineA
B.LineB
C.LineC
D.LineD
E.LineE
8.Ascaleonamapstatesthateveryofaninchrepresents20miles.Iftwocitiesare3inches
apart,howmanymilesareactuallybetweenthetwocities?
A.14miles
B.20miles
C.125miles
D.230miles
E.280miles
9.Michellewantstoexpandherflowerbedbyincreasingthelengthandwidtheachby2ft.Whatwill
thenewareaoftheflowerbedbe,ifLandWrepresenttheoriginaldimensionsoftheflowerbed's
lengthandwidth?
A.2LW
B.2(L+W)
C.2L+2W
D.(L+2)(W+2)
E.LW/2
10.Melinda'slightswentout.Shehas3pairsofredsocksinherdrawer,2pairsofblacksocks,and5
pairsofwhitesocks.Whatistheminimumnumberofpairsshemustremovefromthedrawertoensure
thatshehasapairofeachcolor?
A.3
B.5
C.7
D.9
E.10
11.Whichofthefollowingfractionsarecorrectlyplacedfromtheleastinvaluetothegreatestin
value?
A.1/4,17/25,3/4,11/16
B.17/25,1/4,11/16,3/4
C.1/4,17/25,11/16,3/4
D.1/4,17/25,3/4,11/16
E.3/4,17/25,11/16,1/4
12.Whatisthemathematicalaverageofthenumberofdaysinatypicalyear,thenumberofdaysina
week,andthenumberofhoursinaday?
A.100
B.115
C.132
D.158
E.224
13.1.75x105=
A.175,000
B.17,500
C.1,750
D.0.00175
E.0.000175
14.Theelectriccompanycharges3centsperkilowatthour.Georgeused2800kilowatthoursinApril,
3200kilowatthoursinMay,and3600kilowatthoursinJune.Whatwashisaveragecostofelectricity
forthe3months?
A.$72
B.$88
C.$96
D.$102
E.$113
15.Onamap,1/3inchequals15miles.Thedistancebetweentwotownsonamapis32/3inches.How
manymilesareactuallybetweenthetwotowns?
A.11
B.16
C.88
D.132
E.165
16.Jamesinvested$4,000at5%interestperyear;howlongwillittakehimtoearn$200insimple
interest?
A.1year
B.2years
C.3years
D.4years
E.5years
17.Johnpays$650inpropertytax.Whatistheassessedvalueofhispropertyifpropertytaxesare
1.2%ofassessedvalue?
A.$28,800.27
B.$41,328.90
C.$43,768.99
D.$54,166.67
E.$64,333.39
18.Alampismarkedwithasalepriceof$23.80,whichis15%offoftheregularprice.Whatisthe
regularprice?
A.$26
B.$28
C.$30
D.$32
E.$43
19.Amattressstoresellstheirstockfor15%offofretail.Ifsomeonepayscash,theytakeanadditional
10%offofthediscountedprice.Ifamattress'sretailpriceis$750,whatisthepriceafterthestore
discountandthecashdiscount?
A.$550.75
B.$562.50
C.$573.75
D.$637.50
E.$675.00
20.85%ofwhatnumberis136?
A.160
B.170
C.180
D.190
E.220
21.Abuildingthatis150fttallcastsashadowof20feetlong.Atthesametimeatreecastsashadow
of2ft.Howtallisthetree?
A.10
B.15
C.20
D.25
E.30
22.Whichofthefollowingisatruestatement?
A.Theproductoftwonegativenumbersisnegative.
B.Theproductofonenegativeandonepositivenumberispositive.
C.Whendividingapositivenumberbyanegativenumber,theresultsarenegative.
D.Whendividinganegativenumberbyapositivenumber,theresultsarepositive.
E.Whendividinganegativenumberbyanegativenumbertheresultsarenegative.
23.Whatisthefractionalequivalentof12.5%?
A.1/4
B.2/9
C.1/5
D.1/8
E.2/7
24.Change43/5toanimproperfraction.
A.23/5
B.7/5
C.12/20
D.20/12
E.12/5
25.Thefineforadriverridinginthecarpoollanewithoutanypassengersis$133.Adriverisissueda
benchwarrantfor$2,294.25,whichincludesa15%feeforlatechargesandcourtcosts.Howmany
ticketshasthedrivernotpaid?
A.10
B.12
C.13
D.14
E.15
26.Brettstartedaraceat6:30A.M.,andhedidnotcrossthefinishlineuntil1:05P.M.Howlongdidit
takeforBretttofinishtherace?
A.6hoursand15minutes
B.6hoursand35minutes
C.7hoursand5minutes
D.7hoursand15minutes
E.7hoursand35minutes
27.Whatisthefractionequivalentoftheshadedregioninthefollowingcircle?

A.2/3
B.3/8
C.4/5
D.3/4
E.7/16
28.Multiply2.345x0.023
A.0.53935
B.0.053935
C.0.0053935
D.10.195652
E.101.95652
29.Amen'sbasketballteamwon24gamesandlost32.Whatistheratioofgameslosttothenumber
ofgamesplayed?
A.32:24
B.4:3
C.3:4
D.4:7
E.3:7
30.Whichofthefollowingchoicesisequivalentto5/6?
A.5/12
B.10/6
C.20/30
D.15/24
E.15/18
31.Jillearns$120for8hoursofwork.Atthesamepayrate,howmuchwillsheearnfor15hoursof
work?
A.$180
B.$225
C.$245
D.$280
E.$310
32.Whichtwoyearsweretheleastnumberoftiressold?

A.1998and1999
B.1998and2000
C.1998and2001
D.1999and2000
E.2000and2001
33.Whichyeardidthestoresell1/3moretiresthantheyearbefore?
A.1998
B.1999
C.2000
D.2001
E.Thisdidnotoccurduringthe4yearspan.
34.Whatwastheaveragenumberoftiressoldbythestorefrom1998to2001?
A.9,000
B.9,375
C.9,545
D.9,770
E.9,995
35.Asalesmansold20carsinthemonthofJuly,and40carsthemonthofAugust.Whatisthepercent
increaseinthenumberofcarsthesalesmansold?
A.50%
B.100%
C.150%
D.200%
E.250%
36.Ifonesideofasquareis5units,whatistheareaofthesquare?
A.10
B.15
C.20
D.25
E.30
37.If8x+5=21,then3x+4=
A.2
B.5
C.10
D.16
E.17
38.IntriangleABC,AB=BCand(C'smeasureis65.)WhatisthemeasureofangleB?
A.40
B.50
C.60
D.65
E.75
39.Iftheaveragearithmeticmeanof8,12,15,21,xand11is17thenwhatisx?
A.3
B.15
C.17
D.35
E.42
40.Sarahhasa20dollarbillanda5dollarbill.Ifshepurchasestwoitems,onefor$11.23andthe
otherfor$8.32,thenhowmuchmoneydoesshehaveleftover?
A.$3.75
B.$5.45
C.$6.34
D.$7.77
E.$8.12
AnswerKey
1.A
2.E
3.C
4.A
5.B
6.E
7.D
8.E
9.D
10.D
11.C
12.C
13.A
14.C
15.E
16.A
17.D
18.B
19.C
20.A
21.B
22.C
23.D
24.A
25.E
26.B
27.A
28.B
29.D
30.E
31.B
32.B
33.B
34.B
35.B
36.D
37.C
38.B
39.D
40.B
1.HowlongwillLucyhavetowaitbeforeforher$2,500investedat6%earns$600insimpleinterest?

A.2years
B.3years
C.4years
D.5years
E.6years
2.Gracehas16jellybeansinherpocket.Shehas8redones,4greenones,and4blueones.Whatisthe
minimumnumberofjellybeansshemusttakeoutofherpockettoensurethatshehasoneofeach
color?
A.4
B.8
C.12
D.13
E.16
3.Ifr=5zthen15z=3y,thenr=
A.y
B.2y
C.5y
D.10y
E.15y
4.Whatis35%ofanumberif12is15%ofanumber?
A.5
B.12
C.28
D.33
E.62
5.Acomputerisonsalefor$1600,whichisa20%discountofftheregularprice.Whatistheregular
price?
A.$1800
B.$1900
C.$2000
D.$2100
E.$2200
6.AcardealersellsaSUVfor$39,000,whichrepresentsa25%profitoverthecost.Whatwasthecost
oftheSUVtothedealer?
A.$29,250
B.$31,200
C.$32,500
D.$33,800
E.$33,999
7.Afterhavingtopayincreasedincometaxesthisyear,EdmondhastosellhisBMW.Edmondbought
thecarfor$49,000,buthesolditfora20%loss.WhatdidEdmondsellthecarfor?
A.$24,200
B.$28,900
C.$35,600
D.$37,300
E.$39,200
8.IfSamcandoajobin4daysthatLisacandoin6daysandTomcandoin2days,howlongwould
thejobtakeifSam,Lisa,andTomworkedtogethertocompleteit?
A.0.8days
B.1.09days
C.1.23days
D.1.65days
E.1.97days
9.Find0.1212
A.100
B.10
C.1
D.0.01
E.0.001
10.Dividex5byx2
A.x25
B.x10
C.x7
D.x3
E.x2.5
11.Whichofthefollowingnumberscouldbedescribedinthefollowingway:anintegerthatisa
natural,rationalandwholenumber?
A.0
B.1
C.2.33
D.3
E.noneoftheabove
12.Findthemodeofthefollowinglistofnumbers:2,4,6,4,8,2,9,4,3,8
A.2
B.3
C.4
D.5
E.6
13.Inthefraction3/x,xmaynotbesubstitutedbywhichofthefollowingsets?
A.{1,2,4}
B.{2,3,4}
C.{1,3,7}
D.{0,10,20}
E.{1.8,4.3}
14.Sarahneedstomakeacakeandsomecookies.Thecakerequires3/8cupofsugarandthecookies
require3/5cupofsugar.Sarahhas15/16cupsofsugar.Doesshehaveenoughsugar,orhowmuch
moredoessheneed?
A.Shehasenoughsugar.
B.Sheneeds1/8ofacupofsugar.
C.Sheneeds3/80ofacupofsugar.
D.Sheneeds4/19ofacupofsugar.
E.Sheneeds1/9ofacupofsugar.
15.Atacompanyfishfry,1/2inattendanceareemployees.Employees'spousesare1/3ofthe
attendance.Whatisthepercentageofthepeopleinattendancewhoarenotemployeesoremployee
spouses?
A.10.5%
B.16.7%
C.25%
D.32.3%
E.38%
16.Inacollege,somecoursescontributemoretowardsanoverallGPAthanothercourses.For
example,ascienceclassisworth4points;mathematicsisworth3points;Historyisworth2points;
andEnglishisworth3points.Thevaluesofthegradelettersareasfollows,A=4,B=3,C=2,D=1,
F=0.WhatistheGPAofastudentwhomadeaCinTrigonometry,aBinAmericanHistory,an
AinBotany,andaBinMicrobiology?
A.2.59
B.2.86
C.3.08
D.3.33
E.3.67
17.Thereare8ouncesinapound.Howmanyouncesarein73/4lbs?
A.12ounces
B.86ounces
C.119ounces
D.124ounces
E.138ounces
18.IfthevalueofxandyinthefractionXZ/Yarebothtripled,howdoesthevalueofthefraction
change?
A.increasesbyhalf
B.decreasesbyhalf
C.triples
D.doubles
E.remainsthesame
19.Whatisthenextnumberinthefollowingpattern?1,1/2,1/4,1/8,___
A.1/10
B.1/12
C.1/14
D.1/15
E.1/16
20.Ofthefollowingunitswhichwouldbemorelikelyusedtomeasuretheamountofwaterina
bathtub?
A.kilograms
B.liters
C.milliliters
D.centigrams
E.volts
21.Ifamatchboxis0.17feetlong,whatisitslengthininchesthemostcloselycomparabletothe
following?
A.51/16inchhighlighter
B.31/8inchjewelrybox
C.23/4inchlipstick
D.23/16inchstapleremover
E.41/2inchcalculator
22.Whichofthefollowingfractionsistheequivalentof0.5%?
A.1/20
B.1/200
C.1/2000
D.1/5
E.1/500
23.Inthegraphbelow,noaxesororiginisshown.IfpointB'scoordinatesare(10,3),whichofthe
followingcoordinateswouldmostlikelybeA's?

A.(17,2)
B.(10,6)
C.(6,8)
D.(10,3)
E.(2,17)
24.Overthecourseofaweek,Fredspent$28.49onlunch.Whatwastheaveragecostperday?
A.$4.07
B.$3.57
C.$6.51
D.$2.93
E.$5.41
25.Ofthefollowingunits,whichwouldbemostlikelytomeasuretheamountofsugarneededina
recipefor2dozencookies?
A.degreesCelsius
B.milliliters
C.quarts
D.kilograms
E.cups
26.Jimhas5piecesofstring.Heneedstochoosethepiecethatwillbeabletogoaroundhis36inch
waist.Hisbeltbroke,andhispantsarefallingdown.Thepieceneedstobeatleast4incheslongerthan
hiswaistsohecantieaknotinit,butitcannotbemorethat6incheslongersothattheendswillnot
showfromunderhisshirt.Whichofthefollowingpiecesofstringwillworkthebest?
A.34/5feet
B.32/3feet
C.33/8feet
D.31/4feet
E.21/2feet
27.Afterpurchasingaflatscreentelevisionfor$750,Johnrealizesthathegotagreatdealonitand
wishestosellitfora15%profit.Whatshouldhisaskingpricebeforthetelevision?
A.$800.30
B.$833.60
C.$842.35
D.$862.50
E.$970.25
28.If300jellybeanscostyouxdollars.Howmanyjellybeanscanyoupurchasefor50centsatthe
samerate?
A.150/x
B.150x
C.6x
D.x/6
E.1500x
29.If6is24%ofanumber,whatis40%ofthesamenumber?
A.8
B.10
C.15
D.20
E.25
30.Leeworked22hoursthisweekandmade$132.Ifsheworks15hoursnextweekatthesamepay
rate,howmuchwillshemake?
A.$57
B.$90
C.$104
D.$112
E.$122
31.Thelastweekofamonthacardealershipsold12cars.Anewsalespromotioncameoutthefirst
weekofthenextmonthandthesold19carsthatweek.Whatwasthepercentincreaseinsalesfromthe
lastweekofthepreviousmonthcomparedtothefirstweekofthenextmonth?
A.58%
B.119%
C.158%
D.175%
E.200%
32.If8x+5x+2x+4x=114,the5x+3=
A.12
B.25
C.33
D.47
E.86
33.Iftwoplanesleavethesameairportat1:00PM,howmanymilesapartwilltheybeat3:00PMif
onetravelsdirectlynorthat150mphandtheothertravelsdirectlywestat200mph?
A.50miles
B.100miles
C.500miles
D.700miles
E.1,000miles
34.WhatisthecostindollarstosteamcleanaroomWyardswideandLyardslongitthesteam
cleanerscharge10centspersquarefoot?
A.0.9WL
B.0.3WL
C.0.1WL
D.9WL
E.3WL
35.Find8.23x109
A.0.00000000823
B.0.000000823
C.8.23
D.8230000000
E.823000000000
36.Duringa5dayfestival,thenumberofvisitorstripledeachday.Ifthefestivalopenedona
Thursdaywith345visitors,whatwastheattendanceonthatSunday?
A.345
B.1,035
C.1,725
D.3,105
E.9,315
37.Whichofthefollowinghastheleastvalue?
A.0.27
B.1/4
C.3/8
D.2/11
E.11%
38.Howmanyboysattendedthe1995convention?
A.358
B.390
C.407
D.540
E.716
39.Whichyeardidthesamenumberofboysandgirlsattendtheconference?
A.1995
B.1996
C.1997
D.1998
E.None
40.Whichtwoyearsdidtheleastnumberofboysattendtheconvention?
A.1995and1996
B.1995and1998
C.1996and1997
D.1997and1994
E.1997and1998
AnswerKey
1.C
2.D
3.A
4.C
5.C
6.B
7.E
8.B
9.D
10.D
11.B
12.C
13.D
14.C
15.B
16.C
17.D
18.E
19.E
20.B
21.D
22.B
23.C
24.A
25.E
26.C
27.D
28.A
29.B
30.B
31.A
32.C
33.C
34.A
35.D
36.E
37.E
38.A
39.A
40.A
1.Whatwillitcosttocarpetaroomwithindoor/outdoorcarpetiftheroomis10feetwideand12feet
long?Thecarpetcosts12.51persquareyard.
A.$166.80
B.$175.90
C.$184.30
D.$189.90
E.$192.20
2.Iftheperimeterofarectangularhouseis44yards,andthelengthis36feet,whatisthewidthofthe
house?
A.10yards
B.18yards
C.28feet
D.32feet
E.36yards
3.Whatisthevolumeofthefollowingcylinder?

A.210.91
B.226.20
C.75.36
D.904.32
E.28.26
4.Whatisthevolumeofacubewhosewidthis5inches?
A.15cubicinches
B.25cubicinches
C.64cubicinches
D.100cubicinches
E.125cubicinches
5.Sallyhasthreepiecesofmaterial.Thefirstpieceis1yd.2ft.6in.long,thesecondpieceis2yd.1
ft.5inlong,andthethirdpieceis4yd.2ft.8inlong.HowmuchmaterialdoesSallyhave?
A.7yd.1ft.8in.
B.8yd.4ft.4in.
C.8yd.11in.
D.9yd.7in.
E.10yd.
6.Acan'sdiameteris3inches,anditsheightis8inches.Whatisthevolumeofthecan?
A.50.30
B.56.55
C.75.68
D.113.04
E.226.08
7.Iftheareaofasquareflowerbedis16squarefeet,thenhowmanyfeetistheperimeterofthe
flowerbed?
A.4
B.12
C.16
D.20
E.24
8.Ofthefollowingunitswhichwouldbemorelikelyusedtomeasuretheamountofwaterina
bathtub?
A.kilograms
B.liters
C.milliliters
D.centigrams
E.volts
9.Ifamatchboxis0.17feetlong,whatisitslengthininchesthemostcloselycomparabletothe
following?
A.51/16inchhighlighter
B.31/8inchjewelrybox
C.23/4inchlipstick
D.23/16inchstapleremover
E.41/2inchcalculator
10.WhatisthecostindollarstosteamcleanaroomWyardswideandLyardslongitthesteam
cleanerscharge10centspersquarefoot?
A.0.9WL
B.0.3WL
C.0.1WL
D.9WL
E.3WL
11.Oneinchequals2.54cm,Howmanycentimeterstallisa76inchman?
A.20cm
B.29.92cm
C.193.04cm
D.300.04cm
E.593.04cm
12.Aroommeasures11ftx12ftx9ft.Whatisthevolume?
A.1188ft3
B.32ft3
C.120ft3
D.1300ft3
E.1350ft3
13.Avitamin'sexpirationdatehaspassed.Itwassupposedtocontain500mgofCalcium,butithas
lost325mgofCalcium.HowmanymgofCalciumareleft?
A.135mg
B.175mg
C.185mg
D.200mg
E.220mg
14.Youhaveorderstogiveapatient20mgofacertainmedication.Themedicationisstored4mgper
5mLdose.Howmanymilliliterswillneedtobegiven?
A.15mL
B.20mL
C.25mL
D.30mL
E.35mL
15.Youneedexactlya1680ft3aquariumforyourfish.Atthepetstoreyouseefourchoicesof
aquariums,butthevolumeisnotlisted.Thelength,width,andheightarelistedonthebox.Whichof
thefollowingaquariumswouldfityourneeds?
A.12ftx12ftx12ft
B.13ftx15ftx16ft
C.14ftx20ftx6ft
D.15ftx16ftx12ft
E.15ftx12ftx12ft
16.Onesliceofbreadis80calorie.Approximatelyhowmanycaloriesarein2slicesofbread?
A.140calories
B.200calories
C.220calories
D.240calories
E.260calories
AnswerKey
1.A
2.A
3.B
4.E
5.D
6.B
7.C
8.B
9.D
10.A
11.C
12.A
13.B
14.C
15.C
16.B
1.Ifadiscountof20%offtheretailpriceofadesksavesMark$45,howmuchdidhepayforthe
desk?
A.$145
B.$160
C.$180
D.$210
E.$215
2.Acustomerpays$1,100instatetaxesonanewlypurchasedcar.Whatisthevalueofthecarifstate
taxesare8.9%ofthevalue?
A.$9.765.45
B.$10,876.90
C.$12,359.55
D.$14,345.48
E.$15,745.45
3.HowmanyyearsdoesStevenneedtoinvesthis$3,000at7%toearn$210insimpleinterest?
A.1year
B.2years
C.3years
D.4years
E.5years
4.Sabrina'sbossstatesthatshewillincreaseSabrina'ssalaryfrom$12,000to$14,000peryearifshe
enrollsinbusinesscoursesatalocalcommunitycollege.Whatpercentincreaseinsalarywillresult
fromSabrinatakingthebusinesscourses?
A.15%
B.16.7%
C.17.2%
D.85%
E.117%
5.35%ofwhatnumberis70?
A.100
B.110
C.150
D.175
E.200
6.Whatnumberis5%of2000?
A.50
B.100
C.150
D.200
E.250
7.Whatpercentof90is27?
A.15%
B.20%
C.30%
D.33%
E.41%
8.Jimworksfor$15.50perhourforahealthcarefacility.Heissupposedtogeta75centperhour
raiseatoneyearofservice.Whatwillhispercentincreaseinhourlypaybe?
A.2.7%
B.3.3%
C.133%
D.4.8%
E.105%
9.If45is120%ofanumber,whatis80%ofthesamenumber?
A.30
B.32
C.36
D.38
E.41
10.HowlongwillLucyhavetowaitbeforeher$2,500investedat6%earns$600insimpleinterest?
A.2years
B.3years
C.4years
D.5years
E.6years
11.Whatis35%ofanumberif12is15%ofanumber?
A.5
B.12
C.28
D.33
E.62
12.Acomputerisonsalefor$1600,whichisa20%discountofftheregularprice.Whatistheregular
price?
A.$1800
B.$1900
C.$2000
D.$2100
E.$2200
13.AcardealersellsaSUVfor$39,000,whichrepresentsa25%markupoverthedealer'scost.What
wasthecostoftheSUVtothedealer?
A.$29,250
B.$31,200
C.$32,500
D.$33,800
E.$33,999
14.Afterhavingtopayincreasedincometaxesthisyear,EdmondhastosellhisBMW.Edmond
boughtthecarfor$49,000,buthesolditfora20%loss.WhatdidEdmondsellthecarfor?
A.$24,200
B.$28,900
C.$35,600
D.$37,300
E.$39,200
15.Atacompanyfishfry,inattendanceareemployees.Employees'spousesare1/3ofthe
attendance.Whatisthepercentageofthepeopleinattendancewhoarenotemployeesoremployee
spouses?
A.10.5%
B.16.7%
C.25%
D.32.3%
E.38%
16.If6is24%ofanumber,whatis40%ofthesamenumber
A.8
B.10
C.15
D.20
E.25
17.25%of400=
A.100
B.200
C.800
D.10,000
E.12,000
18.22%of$900=
A.90
B.198
C.250
D.325
E.375
19.Whichofthefollowingpercentagesisequalto0.45?
A.0.045%
B.0.45%
C.4.5%
D.45%
E.0.0045%
20.Whichofthesepercentagesequals1.25?
A.0.125%
B.12.5%
C.125%
D.1250%
E.1250.5%
AnswerKey
1.C
2.C
3.A
4.B
5.E
6.B
7.C
8.D
9.A
10.C
11.C
12.C
13.B
14.E
15.B
16.B
17.A
18.B
19.D
20.C
Read the passage below and answer question 1.
ASTHMA
About 17 million children and adults in the United States suffer from asthma, a
condition that makes it hard to breathe. Today it is a problem that is treatable with
modern medicine. In days gone by, there were many different superstitions about how
to cure asthma. Some people thought that eating crickets with a little wine would help.
Eating raw cat's meat might be the cure. Another idea was to gather some spiders'
webs, roll them into a ball, and then swallow them. People also thought that if you ate
a diet of only boiled carrots for two weeks, your asthma might go away. This carrot
diet may actually have done some good for asthma patients, since vitamin A in carrots
is good for the lungs.
1. The main purpose of the passage is to:
a. Describe herbal remedies
b. Explain some of the measures for treating asthma from long ago
c. Define superstitions
d. Extol the virtues of modern medicine
e. Explain why asthma came about
Read the passage below and answer question 2.
BLACK HISTORY MONTH
Black History Month is unnecessary. In a place and time in which we overwhelmingly
elected an African-American president, we can and should move to a postracial
approach to education. As Detroit Free Press columnist Rochelle Riley wrote in a
February 1 column calling for an end to Black History Month, "I propose that, for the
first time in American history, this country has reached a point where we can stop
celebrating separately, stop learning separately, stop being American separately."
In addition to being unnecessary, the idea that African-American history should be
focused on in a given month suggests that it belongs in that month alone. Instead it is
important to incorporate African-American history into what is taught every day as
American history. It needs to be recreated as part of mainstream thought and not as an
optional, often irrelevant, side note. We should focus efforts on pushing schools to
diversify and broaden their curricula.
There are a number of other reasons to abolish it. First of all, it has become a shallow
commercial ritual that does not even succeed in its (limited and misguided) goal of
focusing for one month on a sophisticated, intelligent appraisal of the contributions
and experiences of African-Americans throughout history. Second, there is a
paternalistic flavor to the mandated bestowing of a month in which to study African-
American history that is overcome if we instead assert the need for a comprehensive
curriculum. Third, the idea of Black History Month suggests that the knowledge
imparted in that month is for African-Americans only, rather than for all people.
2. The author's primary purpose in Passage 2 is to:
a. Argue that Black History Month should not be so commercial
b. Argue that Black History Month should be abolished
c. Argue that Black History Month should be maintained
d. Suggest that African-American history should be taught in two months rather than
just one
e. Argue that African-American history is not part of mainstream curriculum
Read the passage below and answer question 3.
PARK WILDLIFE
Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks support a wide diversity of animal species,
reflecting the range in elevation, climate, and habitat variety there. Over 260 native
vertebrate species are in the parks; numerous additional species may be present but
have not been confirmed. Of the native vertebrates, five species are extirpated (here
meaning extinct), and over 150 are rare or uncommon. There have been some studies
of invertebrates in the area, but there is not enough information to know how many
species occur specifically in the parks. Many of the parks' caves contain invertebrates,
some of which exist only in one cave and are known nowhere else in the world. Plant
life in the foothills, where summers are hot and dry and winters are mild, is largely
chaparral on the lower slopes, with blue oak and California buckeye in the valleys and
on higher slopes. A number of animals live in this area year-round; some breed here,
while others winter here. Local species include the gray fox, bobcat, striped and
spotted skunks, black bear, wood rat, pocket gopher, white-footed mouse, California
quail, scrub jay, lesser goldfinch, wrentit, acorn woodpecker, gopher snake, California
king snake, striped racer, western whiptail lizard, and the California newt.
3. What was the author's purpose in writing this passage?
a. To entertain the reader
b. To bore the reader
c. To persuade the reader
d. To inform the reader
e. To humor the reader
Read the passage below and answer question 4.
CALIFORNIA GRAPES
Grapes are one of the oldest cultivated fruits. Hieroglyphics show that Egyptians were
involved in grape and wine production. Also, the early Romans were known to have
developed many grape varieties.
Grapes have been grown in California for more than 200 years. The tradition of
viticulture (growing grapes) began in 1769 when Spanish friars established missions
throughout California. Then the boom in grapes planted for eating arose in the early
1800s. William Wolfskill, founder of California's citrus industry, planted the first table
grape vineyard in 1839 near Los Angeles.
By the 1850s, the United States had officially acquired California from Mexico, and
80,000 gold prospectors had moved to the region. A few of these had the foresight to
realize that there was money in grapes as well as in gold.
Today California wine, table grapes, and raisins are all important agricultural
commodities, with approximately 700,000 acres planted in vineyards. About 85% of
California's table grape production is in the southern San Joaquin Valley region, with
the Coachella Valley region accounting for most of the remaining production.
4. The author most likely wrote this passage to:
a. Entertain the reader
b. Persuade the reader
c. Humor the reader
d. Inform the reader
e. Sway the reader
Read the passage below and answer question 5.
VISUAL PERCEPTION
It is tempting to think that your eyes are simply mirrors that reflect whatever is in
front of them. Researchers, however, have shown that your brain is constantly
working to create the impression of a continuous, uninterrupted world.
For instance, in the last 10 minutes, you have blinked your eyes around 200 times.
You have probably not been aware of any of these interruptions in your visual world.
Something you probably have not seen in a long time without the aid of a mirror is
your nose. It is always right there, down in the bottom corner of your vision, but your
brain filters it out so that you are not aware of your nose unless you purposefully look
at it.
Nor are you aware of the artery that runs right down the middle of your retina. It
creates a large blind spot in your visual field, but you never notice the hole it leaves.
To see this blind spot, try the following: Cover your left eye with your hand. With
your right eye, look at the O on the left. As you move your head closer to the O, the X
will disappear as it enters the blind spot caused by your optical nerve.
O X
Your brain works hard to make the world look continuous!
5. What is the main purpose of this passage?
a. To persuade the reader to pay close attention to blind spots
b. To explain the way visual perception works
c. To persuade the reader to consult an optometrist if the O and X disappear
d. To prove that vision is a passive process
Read the passage below and answer question 6.
OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER
On a bad day, have you ever been irritable? Have you ever used a harsh tone or even
been verbally disrespectful to your parents or teachers? Everyone has a short temper
from time to time, but current statistics indicate that between 16% and 20% of a
school's population suffer from a psychological condition known as oppositional
defiant disorder, or ODD.
ODD symptoms include difficulty complying with adult requests, excessive
arguments with adults, temper tantrums, difficulty accepting responsibility for actions,
low frustration tolerance, and behaviors intended to annoy or upset adults. Parents of
children with ODD often feel as though their whole relationship is based on conflict
after conflict.
Unfortunately, ODD can be caused by a number of factors. Some students affected by
ODD suffer abuse, neglect, and severe or unpredictable discipline at home. Others
have parents with mood disorders or have experienced family violence. Various types
of therapy are helpful in treating ODD, and some drugs can treat particular symptoms.
However, no single cure exists.
The best advice from professionals is directed toward parents. Therapists encourage
parents to avoid situations that usually end in power struggles, to try not to feed into
oppositional behavior by reacting emotionally, to praise positive behaviors, and to
discourage negative behaviors with timeouts instead of harsh discipline
6. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to:
a. Express frustration about ODD
b. Prove that parents are the cause of ODD
c. Inform the reader about this complex condition
d. Persuade the reader to keep students with ODD out of public school
Read the passage below and answer question 7.
EARLY POLITICAL PARTIES
The United States has always been a pluralistic society, meaning it has embraced
many points of view and many groups with different identities from its beginning.
That is not to say that these groups have always seen eye to eye. The first political
parties developed in the United States as a result of conflicting visions of the
American identity. Many politicians believed that wealthy merchants and lawyers
represented the country's true identity, but many others saw it in the farmers and
workers who formed the country's economic base.
The event that brought this disagreement to the surface was the creation of the Bank
of the United States in 1791. The bank set out to rid the country of the debts it had
accumulated during the American Revolution. Until then, each state was responsible
for its own debts. The Bank of the United States, however, wanted to assume these
debts and pay them off itself. While many people considered this offer to be a good
financial deal for the states, many states were uncomfortable with the arrangement
because they saw it as a power play by the federal government. If a central bank had
control over the finances of individual states, the people who owned the bank would
profit from the states in the future. This concern was the basis of the disagreement:
Who should have more power: the individual states or the central government?
The Democratic-Republican Party developed to protest the bank, but it came to
represent a vision of America with power spread among states. The Federalist Party
was established in defense of the bank, but its ultimate vision was of a strong central
government that could help steer the United States toward a more competitive
position in the world economy. These different points of view-central government
versus separate states-would not be resolved easily. These same disagreements fueled
the tension that erupted into the Civil War over half a century later.
7. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
a. To persuade the reader to accept the Federalist Party's point of view
b. To explain the disagreements between early American political parties
c. To explain the importance of a strong central government
d. To criticize the founders of the Bank of the United States
Read the passage below and answer question 8.
PERIMENOPAUSE
For most women, the onset of menopause, the period of life when they no longer
experience menstrual periods, is gradual. Perimenopause is the time leading up to
menopause, an interval when menopause-related changes begin to be noticed. This is
the lengthy period during which the ovaries progressively reduce production of the
hormones estrogen and progesterone, and a woman's ability to become pregnant is
lost. Perimenopause is a normal event in the process of aging, and indicates that the
reproductive years are coming to an end.
Most women experience the first signs of perimenopause around the age of forty. The
first signs likely to be noticed are menopause-related symptoms, such as changes in
periods. Menopause itself is said to occur on the day a period has not been
experienced for 12 months in a row. Although it is sometimes referred to as
"premenopause," perimenopause is also often considered to include the year after
menopause occurs.
During the onset of menopause, the body's output of several key hormones fluctuates
and begins to shut down. Because hormones influence a wide spectrum of body
functions, women may experience a variety of symptoms during this process. The
symptoms of perimenopause are both physical and emotional and often begin years
before a woman's period actually ceases. The cessation of ovulation known as
menopause isn't a process that happens overnight; over a protracted period of several
years, a woman's body undergoes a progression of changes.
Symptoms
Many of the symptoms a woman may experience during menopause itself have their
onset during the time of perimenopause. Most symptoms can be managed through a
combination of diet and exercise. Most women are not immediately aware of the
changes their bodies are going through as a result of these hormonal fluctuations and
will become aware of changes in the schedule of their periods as the first indication
that menopause is at hand. Symptoms experienced during perimenopause include
headaches, depression and anxiety, hot flashes and night sweats, insomnia and fatigue,
urinary problems and vaginal dryness, weight gain, heart palpitations, and loss of
bone mass. Women who have experienced excessive premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
symptoms in the past are also likely to experience severe symptoms during
perimenopause.
Onset and Duration
Perimenopause usually takes place between the ages of 45 and 55. In some women,
the onset may occur much earlier. The duration of the change is quite variable from
woman to woman and may last for as long as fifteen years, although ten years is
typical. The timing and progression of the changes varies between individuals,
depending on a number of factors including genetics and family history. A woman
whose mother or grandmother experienced perimenopause early is likely to do so as
well. There is also evidence linking an early onset of perimenopause to factors such as
smoking, early childhood cancer, hysterectomy, and women who have not borne
children.
Treatment
The symptoms of perimenopause are a normal manifestation of the aging process and
do not ordinarily require treatment. Some physicians may choose to monitor the levels
of certain hormones-particularly thyroid function-if the symptoms are severe. Under
normal circumstances, this is unnecessary. However, if bleeding is extremely heavy,
lasts longer than a week, or occurs between periods, a medical professional should be
consulted. Symptoms such as these may indicate a more serious underlying
gynecological problem.
8. The purpose of this article is to:
a. Describe the treatment of perimenopause
b. Enumerate the symptoms that women may experience when going through
perimenopause
c. Give an overall description of perimenopause
d. Compare perimenopause to menopause itself
Read the passage below and answer questions 9-10.
DISCUSSION OF NATIVE SPEAKER, BY CHANG-RAE LEE
Chang-Rae Lee's award-winning debut novel Native Speaker is about Henry Park, a
Korean-American individual who struggles to find his place as an immigrant in a
suburb of New York City. This novel addresses the notion that as the individuals who
know us best, our family, peers, and lovers are the individuals who direct our lives
and end up defining us. Henry Park is confronted with this reality in the very
beginning of the novel, which opens:
The day my wife left she gave me a list of who I was.
Upon separating from his wife, Park struggles with racial and ethnic identity issues
due to his loneliness. Through Parks' work as an undercover operative for a private
intelligence agency, the author presents the theme of espionage as metaphor for the
internal divide that Park experiences as an immigrant. This dual reality creates two
worlds for Park and increases his sense of uncertainty with regard to his place in
society. While he constantly feels like an outsider looking in, he also feels like he
belongs to neither world.
Chang-Rae Lee is also a first-generation Korean American immigrant. He immigrated
to America at the early age of three. Themes of identity, race, and cultural alienation
pervade his works. His interests in these themes no doubt stem from his firsthand
experience as a kid growing up in a Korean household while going to an American
school. Lee is also author of A Gesture Life and Aloft. The protagonists are similar in
that they deal with labels placed on them based on race, color, and language.
Consequently, all of these characters struggle to belong in America.
Lee's novels address differences within a nation's mix of race, religion, and history,
and the necessity of assimilation between cultures. In his works and through his
characters, Lee shows us both the difficulties and the subtleties of the immigrant
experience in America. He urges us to consider the role of borders, as well as why the
idea of opening up one's borders is so frightening. In an ever-changing world in which
cultures are becoming increasingly intermingled, the meaning of identity must be
constantly redefined, especially when the security of belonging to a place is becoming
more elusive. As our world grows smaller with increasing technological advances,
these themes in Lee's novels become even more pertinent.
9. Which of the following best describes the purpose of this passage?
a. To criticize
b. To analyze
c. To entertain
d. To inform
10. Why does the author of the passage quote the first line of the novel Native
Speaker?
a. To illustrate one of the themes in the novel
b. To show how the book is semi-autobiographical
c. It is the main idea of the novel.
d. To create interest in the novel
Answers and Explanations
1. B: The purpose of the passage is to describe different measures that people took for
asthma long ago, before the advent of modern medicine. Answer choice A, herbal
remedies, is incorrect because the majority of the "medicine" described in the passage
is not herbal. The passage does not, as in answer choice C, define superstitions. Nor
does it praise modern medicine, as answer choice D suggests.
2. B: The entire passage makes the argument that Black History Month should be
abolished, offering various reasons why this is the best course of action, as in answer
choice B. Each of the other answer choices offers a method of changing or
maintaining the existing celebration of Black History Month, rather than abolishing it.
They are, therefore, incorrect.
3. D: Since the author structures the passage using main idea and detail and gives
many facts, you can determine the purpose of this passage is to inform the reader, as
in answer choice D. Even if you did not find this passage to be entertaining, as in
answer choice A, it is unlikely that the author would take the time to write a piece
with the intent to bore the readers, so B can be easily eliminated. Nor is there any
attempt within the passage to make an argument for any particular position and, thus,
persuade the reader of a certain viewpoint; therefore, option C also does not apply.
4. D: Since the author structures the passage using chronological order and gives
many facts and details, you can quickly determine that the purpose of this passage is
to inform the reader, as in answer choice D. Even if you did not find this passage to be
entertaining, as in answer choice A, it is unlikely that the author would take the time
to write a piece with the intent to bore the readers, so B can be easily eliminated. Nor
is there any attempt within the passage to make an argument for any particular
position and, thus, persuade the reader of a certain viewpoint; therefore, option C also
does not apply.
5. B: The passage explains the way that visual perception works. Choice B is,
therefore, the best answer. The author does not attempt to persuade the reader or prove
a particular viewpoint; therefore options A, C, and D are incorrect.
6. C: This passage explores numerous facets of ODD and is meant to inform the
reader about this psychological condition. Choice C is the best choice. Although
parental frustration is noted, it is not the primary focus; therefore, option A is
incorrect. Likewise, despite the fact that parental behavior as a contributor is
mentioned, parents are not overtly blamed for ODD. Answer choice B is, therefore,
not the correct choice. Option D does note that a relatively high percentage of
students have ODD, but this passage nowhere implies that they should be kept out of
school because of it, so D should also be eliminated.
7. B: This passage does not choose one point of view on the issue, so only choice B is
in keeping with the passage's purpose, which is to explain the disagreements between
the earliest political parties in the US. All other answer choices would need to reflect
the author's preference for a particular position in order to be valid options.
8. C: While the article does describe some treatments, as in option A, it points out that
these are seldom necessary. And although it does enumerate symptoms, as with B, this
is only a portion of the overall purpose of the article, which is broader than a listing of
symptoms. The passage also does not delve into a lengthy comparison of
perimenopause and menopause, eliminating option D. This article clearly
encompasses a general description of the condition, making C the correct choice.
9. B: The passage neither criticizes (A) nor entertains (C), so these two options may
be quickly removed from the list of viable choices. It does provide information, as in
option D; however, the writer goes beyond straightforward presentation of facts into
analysis of the details and underlying meaning. It explores the "why." This piece was
written to analyze the works by Chang-Rae Lee and the themes presented in his most
famous novels. Answer choice B most clearly expresses this purpose.
10. A: The author of this passage uses the first line of the novel to provide an example
of one of the themes of the novel. By showing a direct example, the writer is
illustrating the theme-option A-and goes on to discuss that very point in the passage.
Although the piece does express certain parallels between Lee's experience as a
Korean-American and the character's, it's nowhere suggested that the novel is semi-
autobiographical, rendering B incorrect. The main idea of the novel (C) and any
suggestion that the reader of the passage should also read the novel (D) are nowhere
stated, so these two answer choices are also incorrect.
1.Questions17.
Inthesixteenthcentury,anageofgreatmarineandterrestrialexploration,FerdinandMagellanledthe
firstexpeditiontosailaroundtheworld.AsayoungPortuguesenoble,heservedthekingofPortugal,
buthebecameinvolvedinthequagmireofpoliticalintrigueatcourtandlosttheking'sfavor.Afterhe
wasdismissedfromservicetothekingofPortugal,heofferedtoservethefutureEmperorCharlesVof
Spain.
Apapaldecreeof1493hadassignedalllandintheNewWorldwestof50degreesWlongitudeto
SpainandallthelandeastofthatlinetoPortugal.MagellanofferedtoprovethattheEastIndiesfell
underSpanishauthority.OnSeptember20,1519,MagellansetsailfromSpainwithfiveships.More
thanayearlater,oneoftheseshipswasexploringthetopographyofSouthAmericainsearchofa
waterrouteacrossthecontinent.Thisshipsank,buttheremainingfourshipssearchedalongthe
southernpeninsulaofSouthAmerica.Finallytheyfoundthepassagetheysoughtnearalatitudeof50
degreesS.MagellannamedthispassagetheStraitofAllSaints,buttodayweknowitastheStraitof
Magellan.
OneshipdesertedwhileinthispassageandreturnedtoSpain,sofewersailorswereprivilegedtogaze
atthatfirstpanoramaofthePacificOcean.Thosewhoremainedcrossedthemeridianwenowcallthe
InternationalDateLineintheearlyspringof1521afterninetyeightdaysonthePacificOcean.During
thoselongdaysatsea,manyofMagellan'smendiedofstarvationanddisease.
LaterMagellanbecameinvolvedinaninsularconflictinthePhilippinesandwaskilledinatribal
battle.OnlyoneshipandseventeensailorsunderthecommandoftheBasquenavigatorElcano
survivedtocompletethewestwardjourneytoSpainandthusproveonceandforallthattheworldis
round,withnoprecipiceattheedge.
Thesixteenthcenturywasanageofgreat___exploration.
A.cosmic
B.land
C.mental
D.commonman
E.noneoftheabove
2.MagellanlostthefavorofthekingofPortugalwhenhebecameinvolvedinapolitical___.
A.entanglement
B.discussion
C.negotiation
D.problems
E.noneoftheabove
3.ThePopedividedNewWorldlandsbetweenSpainandPortugalaccordingtotheirlocationonone
sideortheotherofanimaginarygeographicalline50degreeswestofGreenwichthatextendsina___
direction.
A.northandsouth
B.crosswise
C.easterly
D.southeast
E.northandwest
4.OneofMagellan'sshipsexploredthe___ofSouthAmericaforapassageacrossthecontinent.
A.coastline
B.mountainrange
C.physicalfeatures
D.islands
E.noneoftheabove
5.Fouroftheshipssoughtapassagealongasouthern___.
A.coast
B.inland
C.bodyoflandwithwateronthreesides
D.border
E.answernotavailable
6.Thepassagewasfoundnear50degreesSof___.
A.Greenwich
B.Theequator
C.Spain
D.Portugal
E.Madrid
7.Inthespringof1521,theshipscrossedthe___nowcalledtheInternationalDateLine.
A.imaginarycirclepassingthroughthepoles
B.Imaginarylineparalleltotheequator
C.area
D.landmass
E.answernotfoundinarticle
8.Questions814
MarieCuriewasoneofthemostaccomplishedscientistsinhistory.Togetherwithherhusband,Pierre,
shediscoveredradium,anelementwidelyusedfortreatingcancer,andstudieduraniumandother
radioactivesubstances.PierreandMarie'samicablecollaborationlaterhelpedtounlockthesecretsof
theatom.
Mariewasbornin1867inWarsaw,Poland,whereherfatherwasaprofessorofphysics.Attheearly
age,shedisplayedabrilliantmindandablithepersonality.Hergreatexuberanceforlearningprompted
hertocontinuewithherstudiesafterhighschool.Shebecamedisgruntled,however,whenshelearned
thattheuniversityinWarsawwasclosedtowomen.Determinedtoreceiveahighereducation,she
defiantlyleftPolandandin1891enteredtheSorbonne,aFrenchuniversity,wheresheearnedher
master'sdegreeanddoctorateinphysics.
MariewasfortunatetohavestudiedattheSorbonnewithsomeofthegreatestscientistsofherday,one
ofwhomwasPierreCurie.MarieandPierreweremarriedin1895andspentmanyproductiveyears
workingtogetherinthephysicslaboratory.Ashorttimeaftertheydiscoveredradium,Pierrewaskilled
byahorsedrawnwagonin1906.Mariewasstunnedbythishorriblemisfortuneandendured
heartbreakinganguish.Despondentlysherecalledtheircloserelationshipandthejoythattheyhad
sharedinscientificresearch.Thefactthatshehadtwoyoungdaughterstoraisebyherselfgreatly
increasedherdistress.
Curie'sfeelingofdesolationfinallybegantofadewhenshewasaskedtosucceedherhusbandasa
physicsprofessorattheSorbonne.Shewasthefirstwomantobegivenaprofessorshipattheworld
famousuniversity.In1911shereceivedtheNobelPrizeinchemistryforisolatingradium.Although
MarieCurieeventuallysufferedafatalillnessfromherlongexposuretoradium,sheneverbecame
disillusionedaboutherwork.Regardlessoftheconsequences,shehaddedicatedherselftoscienceand
torevealingthemysteriesofthephysicalworld.
TheCuries'____collaborationhelpedtounlockthesecretsoftheatom.
A.friendly
B.competitive
C.courteous
D.industrious
E.chemistry
9.Mariehadabrightmindanda__personality.
A.strong
B.lighthearted
C.humorous
D.strange
E.envious
10.WhenshelearnedthatshecouldnotattendtheuniversityinWarsaw,shefelt___.
A.hopeless
B.annoyed
C.depressed
D.worried
E.noneoftheabove
11.Marie___byleavingPolandandtravelingtoFrancetoentertheSorbonne.
A.challengedauthority
B.showedintelligence
C.behaved
D.wasdistressed
E.answernotavailableinarticle
12._____sherememberedtheirjoytogether.
A.Dejectedly
B.Worried
C.Tearfully
D.Happily
E.Sorrowfully
13.Her____begantofadewhenshereturnedtotheSorbonnetosucceedherhusband.
A.misfortune
B.anger
C.wretchedness
D.disappointment
E.ambition
14.Eventhoughshebecamefatallyillfromworkingwithradium,MarieCuriewasnever____.
A.troubled
B.worried
C.disappointed
D.sorrowful
E.disturbed
15.Questions1519.
MountVesuvius,avolcanolocatedbetweentheancientItaliancitiesofPompeiiandHerculaneum,has
receivedmuchattentionbecauseofitsfrequentanddestructiveeruptions.Themostfamousofthese
eruptionsoccurredinA.D.79.
Thevolcanohadbeeninactiveforcenturies.Therewaslittlewarningofthecomingeruption,although
oneaccountunearthedbyarchaeologistssaysthatahardrainandastrongwindhaddisturbedthe
celestialcalmduringtheprecedingnight.Earlythenextmorning,thevolcanopouredahugeriverof
moltenrockdownuponHerculaneum,completelyburyingthecityandfillingintheharborwith
coagulatedlava.
Meanwhile,ontheothersideofthemountain,cinders,stoneandashraineddownonPompeii.Sparks
fromtheburningashignitedthecombustiblerooftopsquickly.Largeportionsofthecitywere
destroyedintheconflagration.Fire,however,wasnottheonlycauseofdestruction.Poisonous
sulphuricgasessaturatedtheair.Theseheavygaseswerenotbuoyantintheatmosphereandtherefore
sanktowardtheearthandsuffocatedpeople.
Overtheyears,excavationsofPompeiiandHerculaneumhaverevealedagreatdealaboutthebehavior
ofthevolcano.Byanalyzingdata,muchasazoologistdissectsaspecimenanimal,scientisthave
concludedthattheeruptionchangedlargeportionsofthearea'sgeography.Forinstance,itturnedthe
SarnoRiverfromitscourseandraisedthelevelofthebeachalongtheBayofNaples.Meteorologists
studyingtheseeventshavealsoconcludedthatVesuviuscausedahugetidalwavethataffectedthe
world'sclimate.
Inadditiontomakingtheseinvestigations,archaeologistshavebeenabletostudytheskeletonsof
victimsbyusingdistilledwatertowashawaythevolcanicash.Bystrengtheningthebrittleboneswith
acrylicpaint,scientistshavebeenabletoexaminetheskeletonsanddrawconclusionsaboutthediet
andhabitsoftheresidents.Finally,theexcavationsatbothPompeiiandHerculaneumhaveyielded
manyexamplesofclassicalart,suchasjewelrymadeofbronze,whichisanalloyofcopperandtin.
TheeruptionofMountVesuviusanditstragicconsequenceshaveprovideduswithawealthofdata
abouttheeffectsthatvolcanoescanhaveonthesurroundingarea.Todayvolcanologistscanlocateand
predicteruptions,savinglivesandpreventingthedestructionofcitiesandcultures.
Herculaneumanditsharborwereburiedunder___lava.
A.liquid
B.solid
C.flowing
D.gas
E.answernotavailable
16.Thepoisonousgaseswerenot___intheair.
A.abletofloat
B.visible
C.abletoevaporate
D.invisible
E.abletocondense
17.ScientistsanalyzeddataaboutVesuviusinthesamewaythatazoologist___aspecimen.
A.describesindetail
B.studiesbycuttingapart
C.photographs
D.chart
E.answernotavailable
18.____haveconcludedthatthevolcaniceruptioncausedatidalwave.
A.Scientistwhostudyoceans
B.Scientistwhostudyatmosphericconditions
C.Scientistwhostudyash
D.Scientistwhostudyanimalbehavior
E.Answernotavailableinarticle
19.Scientisthaveused___watertowashawayvolcanicashfromtheskeletonsofvictims.
A.bottled
B.volcanic
C.purified
D.sea
E.fountain
20.Questions2024.
ConflicthadexistedbetweenSpainandEnglandsincethe1570s.Englandwantedashareofthewealth
thatSpainhadbeentakingfromthelandsithadclaimedintheAmericas.
ElizabethI,QueenofEngland,encouragedherstaunchadmiralofthenavy,SirFrancisDrake,toraid
Spanishshipsandtowns.Thoughtheseraidswereonasmallscale,Drakeachieveddramaticsuccess,
addinggoldandsilvertoEngland'streasuryanddiminishingSpain'somnipotence.
Religiousdifferencesalsocausedconflictbetweenthetwocountries.WhereasSpainwasRoman
Catholic,mostofEnglandhadbecomeProtestant.KingPhilipIIofSpainwantedtoclaimthethrone
andmakeEnglandaCatholiccountryagain.Tosatisfyhisambitionandalsotoretaliateagainst
England'stheftofhisgoldandsilver,KingPhilipbegantobuildhisfleetofwarships,theArmada,in
January1586.
Philipintendedhisfleettobeindestructible.Inadditiontobuildingnewwarships,hemarshaledone
hundredandthirtysailingvesselsofalltypesandrecruitedmorethannineteenthousandrobustsoldiers
andeightthousandsailors.Althoughsomeofhisshipslackedgunsandotherslackedammunition,
PhilipwasconvincedthathisArmadacouldwithstandanybattlewithEngland.
ThemartialArmadasetsailfromLisbon,Portugal,onMay9,1588,butbadweatherforceditbackto
port.ThevoyageresumedonJuly22aftertheweatherbecamemorestable.
TheSpanishfleetmetthesmaller,faster,andmoremaneuverableEnglishshipsinbattleoffthecoast
ofPlymouth,England,firstonJuly31andagainonAugust2.ThetwobattlesleftSpainvulnerable,
havinglostseveralshipsandwithitsammunitiondepleted.OnAugust7,whiletheArmadalayat
anchorontheFrenchsideoftheStraitofDover,Englandsenteightburningshipsintothemidstofthe
Spanishfleettosetitonfire.Blockedononeside,theSpanishshipscouldonlydriftaway,theircrews
inpanicanddisorder.BeforetheArmadacouldregroup,theEnglishattackedagainonAugust8.
AlthoughtheSpaniardsmadeavaliantefforttofightback,thefleetsufferedextensivedamage.During
theeighthoursofbattle,theArmadadriftedperilouslyclosetotherockycoastline.Atthemoment
whenitseemedthattheSpanishshipswouldbedrivenontotheEnglishshore,thewindshifted,andthe
ArmadadriftedoutintotheNorthSea.TheSpaniardsrecognizedthesuperiorityoftheEnglishfleet
andreturnedhome,defeated.
SirFrancisDrakeaddedwealthtothetreasuryanddiminishedSpain's____.
A.unlimitedpower
B.unrestrictedgrowth
C.territory
D.treaties
E.answernotavailableinarticle
21.Philiprecruitedmany___soldiersandsailors.
A.warlike
B.strong
C.accomplished
D.timid
E.nonexperienced
22.The____ArmadasetsailonMay9,1588.
A.complete
B.warlike
C.independent
D.isolated
E.answernotavailable
23.ThetwobattleslefttheSpanishfleet____.
A.opentochange
B.triumphant
C.opentoattack
D.defeated
E.discouraged
24.TheArmadawas___ononeside.
A.closedoff
B.damaged
C.alone
D.circled
E.answernotavailableinthisarticle
25.Questions2529.
ThevictoryofthesmallGreekdemocracyofAthensoverthemightyPersianempirein490B.C.is
oneofthemostfamouseventsinhistory.Darius,kingofthePersianempire,wasfuriousbecause
AthenshadintercededfortheotherGreekcitystatesinrevoltagainstPersiandomination.Inangerthe
kingsentanenormousarmytodefeatAthens.Hethoughtitwouldtakedrasticstepstopacifythe
rebelliouspartoftheempire.Persiawasruledbyoneman.
InAthens,however,allcitizenshelpedtorule.Ennobledbythisparticipation,Athenianswereprepared
todiefortheircitystate.PerhapsthiswasthesecretoftheremarkablevictoryatMarathon,which
freedthemfromPersianrule.OntheirwaytoMarathon,thePersianstriedtofoolsomeGreekcity
statesbyclaimingtohavecomeinpeace.ThefrightenedcitizensofDelosrefusedtobelievethis.Not
wantingtoabettheconquestofGreece,theyfledfromtheircityanddidnotreturnuntilthePersians
hadleft.Theywerewise,forthePersiansnextconqueredthecityofEtriaandcaptureditspeople.
TinyAthensstoodaloneagainstPersia.TheAthenianpeoplewenttotheirsanctuaries.Therethey
prayedfordeliverance.Theyaskedtheirgodstoexpeditetheirvictory.TheAtheniansrefurbishedtheir
weaponsandmovedtotheplainofMarathon,wheretheirlittlebandwouldmeetthePersians.Atthe
lastmoment,soldiersfromPlataeareinforcedtheAtheniantroops.
TheAthenianarmyattacked,andGreekcitizensfoughtbravely.ThepowerofthemightyPersianswas
offsetbythelovethattheAthenianshadfortheircity.AtheniansdefeatedthePersiansinarcheryand
handcombat.GreeksoldiersseizedPersianshipsandburnedthem,andthePersiansfledinterror.
Herodotus,afamoushistorian,reportsthat6400Persiansdied,comparedwithonly192Athenians.
Athenshad____theotherGreekcitystatesagainstthePersians.
A.refusedhelpto
B.intervenedonbehalfof
C.wantedtofight
D.givenordersforalltofight
E.defeated
26.Dariustookdrasticstepsto___therebelliousAthenians.
A.weaken
B.destroy
C.calm
D.placate
E.answernotavailable
27.Theirparticipation___totheAthenians.
A.gavecomfort
B.gavehonor
C.gavestrength
D.gavefear
E.gavehope
28.ThepeopleofDelosdidnotwantto___theconquestofGreece.
A.end
B.encourage
C.thinkabout
D.daydreamabout
E.answernotavailable
29.TheAthenianswere___bysomesoldierswhoarrivedfromPlataea.
A.welcomed
B.strengthened
C.held
D.captured
E.answernotavailable
30.Questions3032.
TheTrojanWarisoneofthemostfamouswarsinhistory.Itiswellknownforthetenyearduration,
fortheheroismofanumberoflegendarycharacters,andfortheTrojanhorse.Whatmaynotbe
familiar,however,isthestoryofhowthewarbegan.
AccordingtoGreekmyth,thestrifebetweentheTrojansandtheGreeksstartedattheweddingof
Peleus,KingofThessaly,andThetis,aseanymph.Allofthegodsandgoddesseshadbeeninvitedto
theweddingcelebrationinTroyexceptEris,goddessesofdiscord.Shehadbeenomittedfromthe
guestlistbecauseherpresencealwaysembroiledmortalsandimmortalsalikeinconflict.
Totakerevengeonthosewhohadslightedher,Erisdecidedtocauseaskirmish.Intothemiddleofthe
banquethall,shethrewagoldenapplemarkedforthemostbeautiful.Allofthegoddessesbeganto
haggleoverwhoshouldpossessit.Thegodsandgoddessesreachedastalematewhenthechoicewas
narrowedtoHera,Athena,andAphrodite.Someonewasneededtosettlethecontroversybypickinga
winner.ThejobeventuallyfelltoParis,sonofKingPriamofTroy,whowassaidtobeagoodjudgeof
beauty.
Parisdidnothaveaneasyjob.Eachgoddess,eagertowinthegoldenapple,triedaggressivelytobribe
him.

I'llgrantyouvastkingdomstorule,promisedHera.Vastkingdomsarenothingincomparisonwith
mygift,contradictedAthena.ChoosemeandI'llseethatyouwinvictoryandfameinwar.
Aphroditeoutdidheradversaries,however.ShewonthegoldenapplebyofferingHelen,Zeus'
daughterandthemostbeautifulmortal,toParis.Paris,anxioustoclaimHelen,setoffforSpartain
Greece.
AlthoughParislearnedthatHelenwasmarried,heacceptedthehospitalityofherhusband,King
MenelasuofSparta,anyway.Therefore,MenelauswasoutragedforanumberofreasonswhenParis
departed,takingHelenandmuchoftheking'swealthbacktoTroy.Menelauscollectedhisloyalforces
andsetsailforTroytobeginthewartoreclaimHelen.
Eriswasknownfor___bothmortalsandimmortals.
A.schemingagainst
B.involvinginconflict
C.feelinghostiletoward
D.ignoring
E.comforting
31.Eachgoddesstried___tobribeParis.
A.boldly
B.effectively
C.secretly
D.carefully
E.answernotstated
32.Athena___Hera,promisingParisvictoryandfameinwar.
A.deniedthestatementof
B.defeated
C.agreedwith
D.restatedthestatement
E.questionedthestatement
33.Questions3337.
OneofthemostintriguingstoriesoftheRussianRevolutionconcernstheidentityofAnastasia,the
youngestdaughterofCzarNicholasII.DuringhisreignoverRussia,theCzarhadplannedtorevoke
manyoftheharshlawsestablishedbypreviousczars.Someworkersandpeasants,however,clamored
formorerapidsocialreform.In1918agroupofthesepeople,knownasBolsheviks,overthrewthe
government.OnJuly17or18,theymurderedtheCzarandwhatwasthoughttobehisentirefamily.
AlthoughwitnessesvouchedthatallthemembersoftheCzar'sfamilyhadbeenexecuted,therewere
rumorssuggestingthatAnastasiahadsurvived.Overtheyears,anumberofwomenclaimedtobe
GrandDuchessAnastasia.PerhapsthebestknownclaimantwasAnastasiaTschaikovsky,whowas
alsoknownasAnnaAnderson.
In1920,eighteenmonthsaftertheCzar'sexecution,thisterrifiedyoungwomanwasrescuedfrom
drowninginaBerlinriver.Shespenttwoyearsinahospital,wheresheattemptedtoreclaimherhealth
andshatteredmind.ThedoctorsandnursesthoughtthatsheresembledAnastasiaandquestionedheer
aboutherbackground.ShedisclaimedanyconnectionwiththeCzar'sfamily.
Eightyearslater,though,sheclaimedthatshewasAnastasia.Shesaidthatshehadbeenrescuedby
twoRussiansoldiersaftertheCzarandtherestofherfamilyhadbeenkilled.Twobrothersnamed
TschaikovskyhadcarriedherintoRomania.Shehadmarriedoneofthebrothers,whohadtakenherto
Berlinandleftherthere,pennilessandwithoutavocation.Unabletoinvoketheaidofhermother's
familyinGermany,shehadtriedtodrownherself.
Duringthenextfewyears,scoresoftheCzar'srelatives,exservants,andacquaintancesinterviewed
her.ManyofthesepeoplesaidthatherlooksandmannerismswereevocativeoftheAnastasiathatthey
hadknown.HergrandmotherandotherrelativesdeniedthatshewastherealAnastasia,however.
Triedofbeingaccusedoffraud,AnastasiaimmigratedtotheUnitedStatesin1928andtookthename
AnnaAnderson.ShestillwishedtoprovethatshewasAnastasia,though,andreturnedtoGermanyin
1933tobringsuitagainsthermother'sfamily.Thereshedeclaimedtothecourt,assertingthatshewas
indeedAnastasiaanddeservedherinheritance.
In1957,thecourtdecidedthatitcouldneitherconfirmnordenyAnastasia'sidentity.Althoughwewill
probablyneverknowwhetherthiswomanwastheGrandDuchessAnastasia,hersearchtoestablish
heridentityhasbeenthesubjectofnumerousbooks,plays,andmovies.
SomeRussianpeasantsandworkers___forsocialreform.
A.longed
B.criedout
C.begged
D.hoped
E.thoughtmuch
34.Witnesses___thatallmembersoftheCzar'sfamilyhadbeenexecuted.
A.gaveassurance
B.thought
C.hoped
D.convincedsome
E.answernotstated
35.Tschaikovsky____anyconnectionwiththeCzar'sfamily.
A.denied
B.stopped
C.noted
D.justified
E.answernotstated
36.Shewasunableto___theaidofherrelative.
A.locate
B.speakabout
C.callupon
D.identify
E.know
37.Incourtshe___maintainingthatshewasAnastasiaanddeservedherinheritance.
A.finallyappeared
B.spokeforcefully
C.testified
D.gaveevidence
E.answernotstated
38.Questions3839.
KingLouisXVIandQueenMarieAntoinetteruledFrancefrom1774to1789,atimewhenthecountry
wasfightingbankruptcy.TheroyalcoupledidnotletFrance'sinsecurefinancialsituationlimittheir
immoderatespending,however.Eventhoughtheministeroffinancerepeatedlywarnedthekingand
queenagainstwastingmoney,theycontinuedtospendgreatfortunesontheirpersonalpleasure.This
lavishspendinggreatlyenragedthepeopleofFrance.Theyfeltthattheroyalcoupleboughtits
luxuriouslifestyleatthepoorpeople'sexpense.
MarieAntoinette,thebeautifulbutexceedinglyimpracticalqueen,seemeduncaringabouthersubjects;
misery.WhileFrenchcitizensbeggedforlowertaxes,thequeenembellishedherpalacewith
extravagantworksofart.Shealsosurroundedherselfwithartists,writers,andmusicians,who
encouragedthequeentospendmoneyevenmoreprofusely.
Whilethequeen'sfavoritesgluttedthemselvesonhugefeastsattheroyaltable,manypeopleinFrance
werestarving.TheFrenchgovernmenttaxedthecitizensoutrageously.Thesehightaxespaidforthe
entertainmentsthequeenandhercourtsoenjoyed.Whentheministeroffinancetriedtostopthese
royalspendthrifts,thequeenreplacedhim.TheintensehatredthatthepeoplefeltforLouisXVIand
MarieAntoinettekeptbuildinguntilitledtotheFrenchRevolution.Duringthistimeofstruggleand
violence(17891799),thousandsofaristocrats,aswellasthekingandqueenthemselves,losttheir
livesattheguillotine.PerhapsifLouisXVIandMarieAntoinettehadreinedintheirextravagant
spending,theeventsthatrockedFrancewouldnothaveoccurred.
Thepeoplesurroundingthequeenencouragedhertospendmoney____.
A.wisely
B.abundantly
C.carefully
D.foolishly
E.joyfully
39.Theministeroffinancetriedtocurbtheseroyal___.
A.aristocrats
B.moneywasters
C.enemies
D.individuals
E.spenders
40.Questions4045.
Manygreatinventionsaregreetedwithridiculeanddisbelief.Theinventionoftheairplanewasno
exception.AlthoughmanypeoplewhoheardaboutthefirstpoweredflightonDecember17,1903,were
excitedandimpressed,othersreactedwithpealsoflaughter.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwas
repulsivetosomepeople.SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirst
flyingmachine,impulsivefools.Negativereactions,however,didnotstoptheWrights.Impelledby
theirdesiretosucceed,theycontinuedtheirexperimentsinaviation.
OrvilleandWilburWrighthadalwayshadacompellinginterestinaeronauticsandmechanics.As
youngboystheyearnedmoneybymakingandsellingkitesandmechanicaltoys.Later,theydesigneda
newspaperfoldingmachine,builtaprintingpress,andoperatedabicyclerepairshop.In1896,when
theyreadaboutthedeathofOttoLilienthal,thebrother'sinterestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.
Lilienthal,apioneerinhanggliding,hadcontrolledhisglidersbyshiftinghisbodyinthedesired
direction.ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers,however,andtheysearchedformoreefficient
methodstocontrolthebalanceofairbornevehicles.In1900and1901,theWrightstestednumerous
glidersanddevelopedcontroltechniques.Thebrothers'inabilitytoobtainenoughliftpowerforthe
glidersalmostledthemtoabandontheirefforts.
Afterfurtherstudy,theWrightbrothersconcludedthatthepublishedtablesofairpressureoncurved
surfacesmustbewrong.Theysetupawindtunnelandbeganaseriesofexperimentswithmodel
wings.Becauseoftheirefforts,theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliable
figuresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.Thiswork,inturn,madeitpossibleforthemtodesigna
machinethatwouldfly.In1903theWrightsbuilttheirfirstairplane,whichcostlessthanonethousand
dollars.Theyevendesignedandbuilttheirownsourceofpropulsionalightweightgasolineengine.
WhentheystartedtheengineonDecember17,theairplanepulsatedwildlybeforetakingoff.The
planemanagedtostayaloftfortwelveseconds,however,anditflewonehundredtwentyfeet.
By1905theWrightshadperfectedthefirstairplanethatcouldturn,circle,andremainairborneforhalf
anhouratatime.Othershadflowninballoonsorinhanggliders,buttheWrightbrotherswerethefirst
tobuildafullsizemachinethatcouldflyunderitsownpower.Asthecontributorsofoneofthemost
outstandingengineeringachievementsinhistory,theWrightbrothersareaccuratelycalledthefathers
ofaviation.
Theideaofflyinganaircraftwas___tosomepeople.
A.boring
B.distasteful
C.exciting
D.needless
E.answernotavailable
41.PeoplethoughtthattheWrightbrothershad____.
A.actedwithoutthinking
B.beennegativelyinfluenced
C.beentoocautious
D.hadnotgivenenoughthought
E.actedinanegativeway
42.TheWright'sinterestinflightgrewintoa____.
A.financialempire
B.plan
C.needtoact
D.foolishthought
E.answernotinarticle
43.Lilenthal'sideaaboutcontrollingairbornevehicleswas___theWrights.
A.provenwrongby
B.oppositetotheideasof
C.dislikedby
D.acceptedby
E.opposedby
44.Theoldtableswere__andreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.
A.destroyed
B.canceled
C.multiplied
D.discarded
E.notused
45.TheWrightsdesignedandbuilttheirownsourceof____.
A.forceformovingforward
B.forceforturningaround
C.turning
D.forcetogoingbackward
E.noneoftheabove
AnswerKey
1.B
2.A
3.A
4.C
5.C
6.B
7.A
8.A
9.B
10.B
11.A
12.A
13.C
14.C
15.B
16.A
17.B
18.B
19.C
20.A
21.B
22.B
23.C
24.A
25.B
26.C
27.B
28.B
29.B
30.B
31.A
32.A
33.B
34.A
35.A
36.C
37.B
38.B
39.B
40.B
41.A
42.C
43.C
44.B
45.A
1.AmericanshavealwaysbeeninterestedintheirPresidents'wives.ManyFirstLadieshavebeen
rememberedbecauseofthewaystheyhaveinfluencedtheirhusbands.OtherFirstLadieshavemade
thehistorybooksontheirown.
AtleasttwoFirstLadies,BessTrumanandLadyBirdJohnson,madeittheirbusinesstosendsignals
duringtheirhusbands'speeches.WhenLadyBirdJohnsonthoughtherhusbandwastalkingtoolong,
shewroteanoteandsentituptotheplatform.Itread,It'stimetostop!Andhedid.OnceBess
Trumandidn'tlikewhatherhusbandwassayingontelevision,soshephonedhimandsaid,Ifyou
can'ttalkmorepolitelythanthatinpublic,youcomerighthome.
AbigailFillmoreandElizaJohnsonactuallytaughttheirhusbands,MillardFillmoreandAndrew
Johnson,thethirteenthandseventeenthPresidents.Aschoolteacher,Abigaileventuallymarriedher
pupil,Millard.WhenElizaJohnsonmarriedAndrew,hecouldnotreadorwrite,soshetaughthim
herself.
ItwasFirstLadyHelenTaft'sideatoplantthefamouscherrytreesinWashington,D.C.Eachspring
theseblossomingtreesattractthousandsofvisitorstothenation'scapital.Mrs.Taftalsoinfluencedthe
malemembersofherfamilyandtheWhiteHousestaffinastrangeway:sheconvincedthemtoshave
offtheirbeards!
ShortlyafterPresidentWilsonsufferedastroke,EdithWilsonunofficiallytookovermostoftheduties
ofthePresidencyuntiltheendofherhusband'sterm.Earlier,duringWorldWarI,Mrs.Wilsonhad
hadsheepbroughtontotheWhiteHouselawntoeatthegrass.Thesheepnotonlykeptthelawn
mowedbutprovidedwoolforanauctionsponsoredbytheFirstLady.Almost$100,000wasraisedfor
theRedCross.
DollyMadisonsawtoitthatamagnificentpaintingofGeorgeWashingtonwasnotdestroyedduring
theWarof1812.AstheBritishmarchedtowardWashington,D.C.,sheremainedbehindtorescuethe
painting,evenaftertheguardshadleft.ThepaintingistheonlyobjectfromtheoriginalWhiteHouse
thatwasnotburned.
OneofthemostfamousFirstLadieswasEleanorRoosevelt,thewifeofPresidentFranklinD.
Roosevelt.Shewasactiveinpoliticalandsocialcausesthroughoutherhusband'stenureinoffice.After
hisdeath,shebecamefamousforherhumanitarianworkintheUnitedNations.Shemadelifebetterfor
thousandsofneedypeoplearoundtheworld.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.TheHumanitarianworkoftheFirstLadiesiscriticalinAmericangovernment.
B.DollyMadisonwasthemostinfluentialpresident'swife.
C.EleanorRoosevelttransformedtheFirstLadyimage.
D.TheFirstLadiesareimportantinAmericanculture.
E.TheFirstLadiesarekeysupportersofthePresidents.
2.Ofthemanykindsofvegetablesgrownallovertheworld,whichremainsthefavoriteofyoungand
oldalike?Why,thepotato,ofcourse.
Perhapsyouknowthemastaters,spuds,orKennebees,oraschips,Idahoes,oreven
shoestrings.Nomatter,apotatobyanyothernameisstillapotatotheworld'smostwidelygrown
vegetable.Asamatteroffact,ifyouareanaveragepotatoeater,youwillputawayatleastahundred
poundsofthemeachyear.
That'sonlyatinyportionoftheamountgrowneveryyear,however.Worldwide,theannualpotato
harvestisoversixbillionbagseachbagcontainingahundredpoundsofspuds,someofthemaslarge
asfourpoundseach.HereintheUnitedStates,farmersfillaboutfourhundredmillionbagsayear.
Thatmayseemlikealotoftaters,butitleavesusadistantthirdamongworldpotatogrowers.Polish
farmersdigupjustover800millionbagsayear,whiletheRussiansleadtheworldwithnearly1.5
billionbags.
ThefirstpotatoesweregrownbytheIncasofSouthAmerica,morethanfourhundredyearsago.Their
descendantsinEcuadorandChilecontinuetogrowthevegetableashighasfourteenthousandfeetup
intheAndesMountains.(That'shigherthananyotherfoodwillgrow.)EarlySpanishandEnglish
explorersshippedpotatoestoEurope,andtheyfoundtheirwaytoNorthAmericaintheearly1600s.
Peopleeatpotatoesinmanywaysbaked,mashed,androasted,tonamejustthree.However,inthe
UnitedStatesmostpotatoesaredevouredintheformofFrenchfries.Onefastfoodchainalonesells
morethan$1billionworthoffrieseachyear.Nowonder,then,thatthecompanypaysparticular
attentiontothewayitsfriesareprepared.
Beforeanyfrymakesittothepeoplewhoeatatthesepopularrestaurants,itmustpassmanyseparate
tests.Failanyoneandthespudisrejected.Tostartwith,onlyrussetBurbankpotatoesareused.These
Idahopotatoeshavelesswatercontentthanotherkinds,whichcanhaveasmuchaseightypercent
water.Oncecutintoshoestringsshapes,thepotatoesarepartlyfriedinasecretblendofoils,sprayed
withliquidsugartobrownthem,steamdriedathighheat,thenflashfrozenforshipmenttoindividual
restaurants.
Beforeshipping,though,everyshoestringismeasured.Fortypercentofabatchmustbebetweentwo
andthreeincheslong.Anotherfortypercenthastobeoverthreeinches.Whataboutthetwentypercent
thatareleftinthebatch?Well,afewshortfriesinabagareokay,itseems.
So,nowthatyourealizetheenormoussizeandvalueofthepotatocrop,youcanunderstandwhymost
peopleagreethatthispartofthefoodindustryisnosmallpotatoes.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.PotatoesfromIrelandstartedthePotatoRevolution.
B.TheaverageAmericaneats50lbsofpotatoesayear.
C.Frenchfriesaremadefrompotatoes.
D.PotatoesareakeyvegetableinAmerica.
E.Thevarioustermsforpotatoeshavealonghistory.
3.Whatdoesthewordpatentmeantoyou?Doesitstrikeyouasbeingsomethingratherremotefrom
yourinterests?Ifitdoes,stopandthinkamomentaboutsomeofthecommonplacethingsthatyouuse
everyday,objectsthatyoutakeforgrantedaspartoftheworldaroundyou.Thetelephone,radio,
television,theautomobile,andthethousandandoneotherthings(eventhehumblesafetypin)that
enrichourlivestodayonceexistedonlyasideasinthemindsofmen.Ifithadnotbeenpossibleto
patenttheirideasandthusprotectthemagainstcopyingbyothers,theseinventionsmightneverhave
beenfullydevelopedtoservemankind.
Iftherewerenopatentprotectiontherewouldbelittleincentivetoinventandinnovate,foroncethe
detailsofaninventionbecameknown,hordesofimitatorswhodidnotsharetheinventor'srisksand
expensesmightwellfloodthemarketwiththeircopiesofhisproductandreapmuchofthebenefitof
hisefforts.ThetechnologicalprogressthathasmadeAmericagreatwouldwitherrapidlyunder
conditionssuchasthese.
ThefundamentalprinciplesintheU.S.patentstructurecamefromEngland.Duringthegloriousreign
ofQueenElizabethIinEngland,theexpandingtechnologywasfurtheredbythegrantingofexclusive
manufacturingandsellingprivilegestocitizenswhohadinventednewprocessesortoolsastepthat
didmuchtoencouragecreativity.Later,whencriticsarguedthatgivingmonopolyrightstooneperson
infringedontherightsofothers,animportantprinciplewasaddedtothepatentstructure:TheLord
ChiefJusticeofEnglandstatedthatsocietyhadeverythingtogainandnothingtolosebygranting
exclusiveprivilegestoaninventor,becauseapatentforaninventionwasgrantedforsomethingnew
thatsocietyneverhadbefore.
AnotherbasicprinciplewasbroughtintolawbecausecertaininfluentialpeopleinEnglandhad
managedtoobtainmonopolycontroloversuchageoldproductsassalt,andhadbegunchargingas
muchasthetrafficwouldbear.Thepublicoutcrybecamesogreatthatthegovernmentwasforcedto
decreethatmonopolyrightscouldbeawardedonlytothosewhocreatedorintroducedsomething
reallyunique.TheseprinciplesarethemainstaysofourmodernpatentsystemintheUnitedStates.
Incolonialtimespatentlawwasleftuptotheseparatestates.Theinconsistency,confusion,and
unfairnessthatresultedclearlyindicatedtheneedforauniformpatentlaw,andthemenwhodrewup
theConstitutionincorporatedone.GeorgeWashingtonsignedthefirstpatentlawonApril10,1790,
andlessthanfourmonthslaterthefirstpatentwasissuedtoamannamedSamuelHopkinsfora
chemicalprocess,animprovedmethodofmakingpotashforuseinsoapmaking.
In1936thePatentOfficewasestablishedasaseparatebureau.Fromthestaffofeightthatit
maintainedduringitsfirstyearofoperationithasgrownintoanorganizationofover2500people
handlingmorethan1600patentapplicationsandgrantingover1000everyweek.
ThePatentOfficeinWashington,D.C.,istheworld'slargestlibraryofscientificandtechnicaldata,
andthistreasuretroveofinformationisopenforpublicinspection.Inadditiontomorethan3million
U.S.patents,ithousesmorethan7millionforeignpatentsandthousandsofvolumesoftechnical
literature.AbrahamLincolnpatentedadevicetoliftsteamvesselsoverrivershoals,MarkTwain
developedaselfpastingscrapbook,andmillionaireCorneliusVanderbiltinventedashoeshinekit.
Apatentmaybegrantedforanynewandusefulprocess,machine,articleofmanufacture,or
compositionofmatter(achemicalcompoundorcombinationsofchemicalcompounds),orany
distinctandnewvariety;ofplant,includingcertainmutantsandhybrids.
ThepatentsystemhasalsohelpedtoboostthewagesoftheAmericanworkertoanunprecedented
level;hecanproducemoreandearnmorewiththecomputer,addingmachines,drillpressorlathe.
Patentedinventionsalsohelpkeeppricesdownbyincreasingmanufacturingefficiencyandby
stimulatingthecompetitionthatisthefoundationofourfreeenterprisesystem.
Thedecadesofhistoryhavedisclosedlittleneedformodificationofthepatentstructure.Ourpatent
laws,liketheConstitutionfromwhichtheygrew,havestoodthetestoftimewell.Theyencouragedthe
creativeprocesses,broughtuntoldbenefitstosocietyasawhole,andenabledAmericantechnologyto
outstripthatoftherestofthecivilizedworld.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Thepatentsystemencouragesfreeenterprise.
B.TheConstitutionprotectsthepatentsystem.
C.ThepatentsysteminEnglandhasbeeninfluentialinAmericanpatentdevelopment.
D.Patentsareimportanttoolsforinventors.
E.Patentedinventionsprotecttheinventor,freeenterprise,andthecreativeprocess.
4.Mostpeoplethinkit'sfinetobebusyasabeaver.Littledotheyknow.Beaversmayworkhard,
butoftentheydon'tgetmuchdone.
Beaversaresupposedtobegreattreecutters.Itistruethatabeavercangnawthroughatreevery
quickly.(Asixinchbirchtakesabouttenminutes.)Butthenwhat?Oftenthebeaverdoesnotmakeuse
ofthetree.Oneexpertsaysthatbeaverswasteoneoutofeveryfivetreestheycut.
Foronething,theydonotchoosetheirtreeswisely.Onebunchofbeaverscutdownacottonwoodtree
morethanonehundredfeettall.Thentheyfoundthattheycouldnotmoveit.
Inthickwoodsatreesometimeswon'tfalldown.Itgetsstuckintheothertrees.Ofcourse,doesn't
thinktocutdownthetreesthatareintheway.Soagoodtreegoestowaste.
Somepeoplethinkthatbeaverscanmakeatreefallthewaytheywantitto.Nottrue.(Infact,abeaver
sometimesgetspinnedunderafallingtree.)Whenbeaverscutatreenearastream,itusuallyfallsinto
thewater.Buttheydonotplanitthatway.Thefactisthatmosttreesleantowardthewatertostart
with.
Nowwhataboutdambuilding?Mostbeaverdamsarewondersofengineering.Thebestonesare
stronglybuiltoftrees,stones,andmud.Theyarewideatthebottomandnarrowatthetop.
Beaversthinknothingofbuildingadammorethantwohundredfeetlong.Onedam,inMontana,was
morethantwothousandfeetlong.ThelargestoneeverseenwasinNewHampshire.Itstretchedfour
thousandfeet.Itmadealakelargeenoughtoholdfortybeaverhomes.
Sobeaversdobuildgooddams.Buttheydon'talwaysbuildthemintherightplaces.Theyjustdon't
plan.Theywillbuildadamacrossthewidestpartofthestream.Theydon'ttrytofindaplacewhere
thestreamisnarrow.Soalotoftheirhardworkiswasted.
Beaversshouldlearnthatit'snotenoughtobebusy.Youhavetoknowwhatyou'redoing,too.For
example,therewasoneOregonbeaverthatreallywasaworker.Itdecidedtofixaleakinamanmade
dam.Afterfivedaysofworkitgaveup.Theleakitwastryingtoblockwasthelockthatboatsgo
through.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Beaversmaybehardworkinganimals,buttheydon'talwayschoosethemostefficientmechanisms.

B.Beaversareexcellentdambuilders.
C.NewHampshirewasthesiteofthelargestbeaverdam.
D.Beaversarewelldevelopedtreecutters.
E.Beaversarepoorsurveyorsofaquaticenvironmentsinsomecases.
5.TheraisinbusinessinAmericawasbornbyaccident.Ithappenedin1873intheSanJoaquinValley
ofCalifornia.Manyfarmersraisedgrapesinthisvalley.Thatyear,justbeforethegrapeharvest,there
wasaheatwave.Itwasoneoftheworstheatwaveseverknown.Itwassohotthegrapesdriedonthe
vines.Whentheywerepicked,Californiahaditsfirstraisincrop.
Peopleweresurprisedtofindhowgoodraisinswere.Everybodywantedmore.SotheSanJoaquin
farmerswentintotheraisinbusiness.Today,ofcourse,theydonotletthegrapesdryonthevines.
Theytreatthemwithmuchmorecare.
InlateAugustthegrapesstarttoripen.Theyaretestedoftenforsweetness.Thegrowerswaituntilthe
sugarcontentistwentyonepercent.Thentheyknowthegrapesareripeenoughtobepicked.
Skilledworkerscometothevineyards.Theypickthebunchesofgrapesbyhand.Theworkersfilltheir
flatpanswithgrapes.Theygentlyemptythepansontosquaresofpaper.Thesesquaresliebetweenthe
longrowsofvines.Theysitinthesun.
Herethegrapesstaywhilethesundoesitswork.Itmaytaketwoweeksorlonger.Thegrapesarefirst
driedononeside.Whentheyhavereachedtherightcolor,theyareturnedtodryontheotherside.The
grapesaredrieduntilonlyfifteenpercentofthemoistureisleft.Thentheyhaveturnedintoraisins.
Theraisinsarerolledupinthepaperonwhichtheyhavedried.Truckstakethemfromthefields.They
arepouredintobigboxescalledsweatboxes.Eachboxholdsonehundredandsixtypoundsofraisins.
Here,anyraisinsthatareabittoodrytakemoisturefromthosethathaveabittoomuch.Afterawhile
theyarealljustmoistenough.
Thebigboxesaretruckednexttothepackagingplant.Theyareemptiedontoaconveyorbeltthat
shakestheraisinsgently.Thisknocksthemfromtheirstems.Ablastofairwhisksthestemsaway.The
waterbathisnext.Thentheplumpbrownraisinshavealastinspection.Theyareagaincheckedfor
moistureandsugar.Thentheygoonabelttopackingmachines.Heretheyarepouredintopackages,
whichareautomaticallyweighedandsealed.Theraisinsarenowreadyformarket.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.ThecreationofraisinsinAmericawasanaccident.
B.Theprocessofraisindevelopmentrequiresmultiplesteps.
C.Raisinsonthegrocerystoreshelfundergoabrieffermentationprocess.
D.Raisinsarecleanedthoroughlyatthepackingplant.
E.CaliforniahasbeentheleaderinAmericanraisindevelopment.
6.In1976,SichanSivwascrawlingthroughthejungle,tryingtoescapefromCambodia.By1989,
however,SivwasworkingintheWhiteHouse,inWashingtonD.C.,asanadvisortothePresidentof
theUnitedStates.Howdidthisstrangejourneycomeabout?
LikemillionsofCambodians,Sivwasavictimofabloodycivilwar.Oneofthesidesinthiswarwas
theCambodiangovernment.TheotherwasagroupcalledtheKhmerRouge.WhentheKhmerRouge
wonthewar,thesituationinCambodiagotworse.Manypeoplewerekilled,whileotherswereforced
intohardlabor.Sometimesentirefamilieswerewipedout.
SivcamefromalargefamilythatlivedinthecapitalofCambodia.Afterfinishinghighschool,Siv
workedforawhilewithaCambodianairlinecompany.Later,hetaughtEnglish.Afterthat,hetooka
jobwithCARE,anAmericangroupthatwashelpingvictimsofthewar.
SivhadhopetoleaveCambodiabeforetheKhmerRougetookoverthecountry.Unfortunately,hewas
delayed.Asaresult,heandhisfamilyweretakenfromtheirhomesandforcedtolaborinricefields.
Afterawhile,Sivmanagedtoescape.Herodeanoldbicycleformiles,tryingtoreachThailandwhere
hewouldbefreeandsafe.Forthreeweekshesleptonthegroundandtriedtohidefromthesoldiers
whowerelookingforhim.Caughtatlast,hewasafraidhewouldbekilled.Instead,hewasputintoa
laborcamp,whereheworkedeighteenhourseachdaywithoutrest.Afterseveralmonths,heescaped
again;thistimehemadeit.Thejourney,however,wasaterrifyingone.Afterthreedaysofstaggering
onfootthroughmileaftermileofthickbamboo,SivfinallymadehiswaytoThailand.
BecausehehadworkedforanAmericancharitygroup,Sivquicklyfoundworkinarefugeecamp.
Soonhewasonhiswaytothestates.HearrivedinJuneof1976andgotajobfirstpickingapplesand
thencookinginafastfoodrestaurant.Siv,however,wantedmorethanthis;hewantedtoworkwith
peoplewho,likehimself,hadsufferedthehardshipofleavingtheirowncountriesbehind.Sivdecided
thatthebestwaytoprepareforthiskindofworkwastogotocollege.Hewroteletterstomany
collegesanduniversities.TheywereimpressedwithhisschoolrecordsfromCambodia,andtheywere
impressedwithhisbravery.Finally,in1980,hewasabletostudyatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork
City.AfterfinishinghisstudiesatColumbia,SivtookajobwiththeUnitedNations.Hemarriedan
Americanwomanandbecameacitizen.Afterseveralmoreyears,hefeltthathewasverymuchapart
ofhisnewcountry.
In1988,SivwasofferedajobintheWhiteHouseworkingforPresidentReagan'sclosestadvisors.It
wasadifficultjob,andheoftenhadtoworklonghours.Howeverthelonghardworkwasworthit,
becauseSivgottheopportunitytohelprefugeesinhiswork.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Persistenceandcourageareglobalideas.
B.Sivcoveredalargeareaduringhislife.
C.SivperseveredtobecomeanAmericancitizen
D.SivovercamenumerouschallengestocometoAmericanandhelpothers.
E.SivperseveredtobecomeanAmericancitizen.
7.WhenyouwanttohangtheAmericanflagoverthemiddleofastreet,suspenditverticallywiththe
bluefield,calledtheunion,tothenorthandeastweststreet.Whentheflagisdisplayedwithanother
bannerfromcrossedstaffs,theAmericanflagisontheright.PlacethestaffoftheAmericanflagin
frontoftheotherstaff.Raisetheflagquicklyandloweritslowlyandrespectfully.Whenflyingtheflag
athalfmast,hoistittothetopofthepoleforamomentbeforeloweringittomidpole.Whenflyingthe
Americanflagwithbannersfromstatesorcities,raisethenation'sbannerfirstandloweritlast.Never
allowtheflagtotouchtheground.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.TheAmericanflagisthesymbolofAmericanfreedom.
B.TheAmericanflaghasfiftystars.
C.PlacingtheAmericanflaginappropriatelywilldrawgovernmentintervention.
D.Americanflagshouldbeflowndifferentlyincertainsituations.
","Theflagshouldbeloweredquicklyandrespectfully.
8.Whatifsomeonetoldyouaboutakindofgrassthatgrowsastallasthetallesttrees?Agrassthatcan
bemadeasstrongassteel?Agrassfromwhichhouses,furniture,boats,andhundredsofotheruseful
thingscanbemade?Agrassthatyouwouldevenenjoyeating?Wouldyoubelievethatperson?You
should,forthatgrassisbamboo,thewoodof1,001uses.
Bamboomaylooklikewood,butitispartofthefamilyofplantsthatincludeswheat,oats,andbarley.
Itisakindofgrass.Thisgrassisnotjustamaterialformakingusefulproducts.Youngbamboois
eaten,oftenmixedwithothervegetables,inmanyAsianfoods.
Bamboogrowsinmanypartsoftheworld.IntheUnitedStatesitgrowsinanareafromVirginiawest
toIndianaandsouthtoFlorida,Louisiana,andTexas.Mostbamboo,however,isfoundinwarm,wet
climates,especiallyinAsiaandontheislandsoftheSouthPacificOcean.
InmostAsiancountries,bambooisnearlyasimportantasrice.ManyAsiansliveinbamboohouses.
Theysitonbamboochairsandsleeponbamboomats.Theyfencetheirlandwithbambooandusethe
woodforcagesforchickensandpigs.
Bambooisusedtobuildlargebuildingsaswellashomes.Whenitisgluedinlayers,itbecomesas
strongassteel.OnsomeislandsintheSouthPacific,bambooisevenusedforwaterpipes.This
extraordinarymaterialhasmanyotheruses.Itisusedtomakemusicalinstruments,suchasflutesand
recorders.Papermadefrombamboohasbeenhighlyprizedbyartistsforthousandsofyears.
Bambooislightandstrong,anditbendswithoutbreaking.Itischeap,floatsonwater,almostnever
wearsout,andiseasytogrow.Nothingelseonearthgrowsquitesofastasbamboo.Attimesyoucan
evenseeitgrow!Botanistshaverecordedgrowthsofmorethanthreefeetinjusttwentyfourhours!
Bambooishollowandhasastrongrootsystemthatalmostneverstopsgrowingandspreading.Infact,
onlyafteritflowers,aneventthatmayhappenonlyonceeverythirtyyears,willbamboodie.
Therearemorethanathousandkindsofbamboo.Thesmallestisonlythreeinchestallandonetenth
ofaninchacross.Thelargestreachesmorethantwohundredfeetinheightandseveninchesin
diameter.Nowonder,then,thatthelivesofnearlyhalfthepeopleonearthwouldchangeenormouslyif
therewerenolongeranybamboo.Nowonder,too,thattomanypeoplebambooisasymbolof
happinessandgoodfortune.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Bamboohasatleast2,000uses.
B.BamboogrowsatanamazingrateandisfoundprimarilyinAsia.
C.Bambooisanamazinggrassthatcanbeusedinmultipleways.
D.Thereareatleasta1,000typesofbamboo.
E.Bamboocouldbeconsideredaflowerinsomecases.
9.Everyyearsince1986,someoftheworld'smostdaringrunnershavegatheredinthedesertof
Morocco.Theyaretheretotakepartinoneofthemostdifficultracesintheworld.TheMarathonof
theSands,asitiscalled,coversover125milesofdesertandmountainwilderness.Therunners
completethecourseinfewerthansevendays,andtheyrunwiththeirfood,clothing,andsleepingbags
ontheirbacks.
TheMarathonoftheSandswasfoundedin1986byPatrickBauer.Hisideawastogivetherunners,
whocomefromallovertheworld,aspecialkindofadventure.Mostoftherunnersinthisracehave
foundthattheyformdeepfriendshipswiththeotherrunnersduringtheirdaysandnightsinthedesert.
Facingterribleheatandcompleteexhaustion,theylearnmuchaboutthemselvesandeachother.
Formostoftherunners,though,thechallengeoftheraceisthemainreasonforcoming.Onthefirst
day,forexample,theyrunfifteenmilesacrossadesertofsand,rocks,andthornybushes.Fewrunners
finishthedaywithoutblisteredandrawfeet.Theyalsosufferfromalackofwater.(Theyareallowed
lessthanninequartsofwaterduringeachdayoftherace.)Mostofall,theyareexhaustedwhenthey
arriveatthecampsiteforthenight.
Thesecondday,therunnersareupat6:00A.M.Withinafewhours,itis100degreesF,butthe
runnersdonothesitate.Theymustcovereighteenmilesthatday.Thatnight,theyrest.Theymustbe
readyforthenextday'srun.
Onthethirdday,therunnersmustclimbgiantsanddunesthefirsttheyhavefaced.Dustandsandmix
withtherunners'sweat.Soontheirfacesarecakedwithmud.Afterfifteenmilesoftheseconditions,
therunnersfinallyreachtheirnextcamp.
Theracecontinueslikethisforfourmoredays.Thefourthandfifthdaysaretheworst.Onthefourth
day,therunnerspassthroughalevelstretchandabeautiful,treefilledoasis,butthen,onthisandon
thenextday,theycrossmorethantwentyonemilesofrocksandsanddunes.Thetemperaturesoarsto
125degreesF,andmanyrunnerscannotmakeit.Helicoptersrushfallenrunnerstomedicalhelp.
Runnerswhomakeittotheendofthefifthdayknowthattheworstisover.
Onthesixthday,heatandrockspunishtheracersterribly.IntheValleyofDra,thewindpicksupand,
asthedesertheatisthrustagainstthemwithgreatforce,theygrowmoreandmoreexhausted.
Theseventhdayisthelast,withonlytwelvemilestobecovered.Thedusty,tired,blisteredrunnersset
outatdaybreak.Nearthefinishline,childrenracealongwiththerunners,foreverybodyhascaughtthe
excitement.Theoneswhohaverunthewholemarathonknowtheyhaveaccomplishedwhatmost
peoplecouldnotevendreamof.Duringthehardmoments,saysonecontestantwhohasracedhere
twice,I'dthink,WhyamIhere?'ThenI'drealizeIwastheretofindmylimits.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.TheMarathonoftheSandsraceteststhelimitsofhumanendurance.
B.Therunnersrunattheirownpace.
C.Theracecausesthestrongtostumbleandtheweaktonotfinish.
D.Theseventhdayisthehardestdayoftherace.
E.Everyrunnerrunstheracetofindtheirhumanlimits.
10.HighintheAndesMountainsinPerustandstheancientcityofMachuPicchu.Nooneknowswhy
thisgreatcitywasbuilt,norisitlikelythatwewilleverknow.Nevertheless,thedesertedcityof
MachuPicchuisimportantforwhatitrevealsabouttheancientIncapeopleofSouthAmerica.
TheIncasonceruledagreatempirethatcoveredalargepartoftheSouthAmericancontinent.The
empirewasmorethanfivehundredyearsoldwhenthefirstSpanishexplorers,lookingforgold,went
tothatcontinentinthesixteenthcentury.
TheIncaswereanadvancedpeople.Theywereskillfulengineerswhopavedtheirroadsandbuilt
sturdybridges.Theyplowedthelandinsuchawaythatrainswouldnotwashawayvaluablesoil.They
dugditchestocarrywaterintodryareasforfarming.
Eventhoughtheydidnotknowaboutthewheel,theIncaswereabletomovehugestoneblockssome
asheavyastentonsupthesidesofmountainstobuildwalls.Theblockswerefittedsotightly,without
cementofanykind,thatitwouldbeimpossibletoslipaknifebladebetweenthem!Thewallshave
stoodfirmthroughgreatstormsandearthquakesthathavedestroyedmanymodernbuildings.
TheIncasweregreatartists,too.Today,Incandishesandotherkindsofpotteryareprizedfortheir
wonderfuldesigns.Sincebothgoldandsilverwereingreatsupply,theIncascreatedsplendidobjects
fromthesepreciousmetals.
WhileitistruethattheIncashadnowrittenlanguage,theykepttheiraccountsbyusingasystemof
knottedstringsofvariouslengthsandcolors.Thesizesoftheknotsandthedistancesbetweenthem
representednumbers.
Atitsheight,theIncanempireincludedasmanyasthirtymillionpeople.Theemperorruledthemwith
anironhand.Hetoldhissubjectswheretolive,whattoplant,howlongtheyshouldworkevenwhom
theycouldmarry.Sinceheownedeverything,theemperorgavewhathewishedwhenhewishedand
intheamounthewishedtohispeople.
In1533SpanishexplorersledbyFranciscoPizarromurderedtheemperoroftheIncas.Earlier,theheir
totheIncanempirehadalsobeenkilled.TheIncas,whohadalwaysbeenentirelydependentontheir
emperor,nowhadnorecognizedleader.TheSpaniardseasilyconqueredtheempireandplunderedits
riches.
HavetheIncasdisappearedfromSouthAmerica?Notatall.InPerualone,oncethecenterofthatgreat
empire,eightypercentofthetwentymillionpeoplearedescendantsoftheIncapeople.Evidenceofthe
IncanempirecanbefoundinmanyotherplacesinSouthAmericaaswell.YoucanevenvisitMachu
Picchu.TheremainsofthisancientcitystillstandhighinthemountainsofPeru,anawesometributeto
thisoncepowerfulempire.
Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.TheIncasonceinhabitedtheancientcityofMachuPicchu.
B.PeruwastheprimarycountryoftheIncas.
C.TheIncanempirecanbefoundinancientcitiesandwasplunderedbytheSpanish.
D.SpanishconquerorsdestroyedtheIncanempireinthethirteenthcentury.
E.MachuPicchuwasthecapitaloftheIncanempire.
AnswerKey
1.D
2.D
3.E
4.A
5.B
6.D
7.D
8.C
9.A
10.C
1.In1892theSierraClubwasformed.In1908anareaofcoastalredwoodtreesnorthofSanFrancisco
wasestablishedasMuirWoodsNationalMonument.IntheSierraNevadamountains,awalkingtrail
fromYosemiteValleytoMountWhitneywasdedicatedin1938.ItiscalledJohnMuirTrail.
JohnMuirwasbornin1838inScotland.Hisfamilynamemeansmoor,whichisameadowfullof
flowersandanimals.Johnlovednaturefromthetimehewassmall.Healsolikedtoclimbrockycliffs
andwalls.
WhenJohnwaseleven,hisfamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesandsettledinWisconsin.Johnwasgood
withtoolsandsoonbecameaninventor.Hefirstinventedamodelofasawmill.Laterheinventedan
alarmclockthatwouldcausethesleepingpersontobetippedoutofbedwhenthetimersounded.
Muirlefthomeatanearlyage.HetookathousandmilewalksouthtotheGulfofMexicoin1867and
1868.ThenhesailedforSanFrancisco.ThecitywastoonoisyandcrowdedforMuir,soheheaded
inlandfortheSierraNevadas.
WhenMuirdiscoveredtheYosemiteValleyintheSierraNevadas,itwasasifhehadcomehome.He
lovedthemountains,thewildlife,andthetrees.Heclimbedthemountainsandevenclimbedtrees
duringthunderstormsinordertogetclosertothewind.Heputforththetheoryinthelate1860'sthat
theYosemiteValleyhadbeenformedthroughtheactionofglaciers.Peopleridiculedhim.Notuntil
1930wasMuir'stheoryprovencorrect.
MuirbegantowritearticlesabouttheYosemiteValleytotellreadersaboutitsbeauty.Hiswritingalso
warnedpeoplethatYosemitewasindangerfromtimberminingandsheepranchinginterests.In1901
TheodoreRooseveltbecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates.Hewasinterestedinconservation.Muir
tookthepresidentthroughYosemite,andRoosevelthelpedgetlegislationpassedtocreateYosemite
NationalParkin1906.
AlthoughMuirwonmanyconservationbattles,helostamajorone.HefoughttosavetheHetch
Valley,whichpeoplewantedtodaminordertoprovidewaterforSanFrancisco.Inthelate1913abill
wassignedtodamthevalley.Muirdiedin1914.Somepeoplesaylosingthefighttoprotectthevalley
killedMuir.
Whathappenedfirst?
A.TheMuirfamilymovedtotheUnitedStates.
B.MuirWoodswascreated.
C.JohnMuirlearnedtoclimbrockycliffs.
D.JohnMuirwalkedtotheGulfofMexico
E.Muirvisitedalongtheeastcoast.
2.WhendidMuirinventauniqueformofalarmclock?
A.whilethefamilystilllivedinScotland
B.afterhesailedtoSanFrancisco
C.afterhetraveledinYosemite
D.whiletheMuirfamilylivedinWisconsin
E.afterhetookthelongwalk
3.WhatdidJohnMuirdosoonafterhearrivedinSanFrancisco?
A.Heranoutsideduringanearthquake.
B.HeputforthatheoryabouthowYosemitewasformed.
C.HeheadedinlandfortheSierraNevadas.
D.HebegantowritearticlesabouttheSierraNevadas.
E.Hewroteshortstoriesforthelocalnewspaper.
4.WhendidJohnMuirmeetTheodoreRoosevelt?
A.between1901and1906
B.between1838and1868
C.between1906and1914
D.between1868and1901
E.between19061907
5.Whathappenedlast?
A.JohnMuirdied.
B.JohnMuirTrailwasdedicated.
C.Muir'sglacialtheorywasproven.
D.TheSierraClubwasformed.
E.John'sfamilyvisitedhim.
6.Whenusingametalfile,alwaysremembertobeardownontheforwardstrokeonly.Onthereturn
stroke,liftthefileclearofthesurfacetoavoiddullingtheinstrument'steeth.Onlywhenworkingon
verysoftmetalsisitadvisabletodragthefile'steethslightlyonthereturnstroke.Thishelpsclearout
metalpiecesfrombetweentheteeth.
Itisbesttobeardownjusthardenoughtokeepthefilecuttingatalltimes.Toolittlepressureusesonly
thetipsoftheteeth;toomuchpressurecanchiptheteeth.Movethefileinstraightlinesacrossthe
surface.Useavicetogriptheworksothatyourhandsarefreetoholdthefile.Protectyourhandsby
equippingthefilewithahandle.Buyawoodenhandleandinstallitbyinsertingthepointedendofthe
fileintothehandlehole.
Thesedirectionsshowyouhowto
A.workwithahammer
B.useafile
C.polishafile
D.oilavise
E.repairshoptools
7.Whenusingafile
A.alwaysbeardownonthereturnstroke
B.moveitinacircle
C.removethehandle
D.pressdownontheforwardstroke
E.wearprotectivegloves
8.Whenworkingonsoftmetals,youcan
A.removethehandle
B.clearmetalpiecesfromtheteeth
C.beardownveryhardonthereturnstroke
D.fileincircles
E.strengthenthemwithaddedwood
9.Protectyourhandsby
A.dullingtheteeth
B.draggingtheteethonthebackstroke
C.usingavise
D.installingahandle
E.wearingsafetygloves
10.Oldwoman,grumbledtheburlywhitemanwhohadjustheardSojournerTruthspeak,doyou
thinkyourtalkaboutslaverydoesanygood?Idon'tcareanymoreforyourtalkthanIdoforthebiteof
aflea.
Thetall,imposingblackwomanturnedherpiercingeyesonhim.Perhapsnot,sheanswered,butI'll
keepyouscratching.
Thelittleincidentofthe1840ssumsupallthatSojournerTruthwas:utterlydedicatedtospreadingher
message,afraidofnoone,forcefulandwittyinspeech.
Yetfortyyearsearlier,whocouldhavesuspectedthataspindlyslavegirlgrowingupinadampcellar
inupstateNewYorkwouldbecomeoneofthemostremarkablewomeninAmericanhistory?Her
namethenwasIsabella(manyslaveshadnolastnames),andbythetimeshewasfourteenshehadseen
bothparentsdieofcoldandhunger.Sheherselfhadbeensoldseveraltimes.By1827,whenNewYork
freeditsslaves,shehadmarriedandbornefivechildren.
ThefirsthintofIsabella'sfightingspiritcamesoonafterwards,whenheryoungestsonwasillegally
seizedandsold.Shemarchedtothecourthouseandbadgeredofficialsuntilhersonwasreturnedto
her.
In1843,inspiredbyreligion,shechangedhernametoSojourner(meaningonewhostaysbriefly)
Truth,and,withonlypenniesinherpurse,setouttopreachagainstslavery.FromNewEnglandto
Minnesotashetrekked,gainingareputationforherplainbutpowerfulandmovingwords.Incredibly,
despitebeingblackandfemale(onlywhitemaleswereexpectedtobepublicspeakers),shedrew
thousandstotownhalls,tents,andchurchestohearherpowerful,deepvoicedpleasonequalityfor
blacksandforwomen.Oftenshehadtofacethreateninghoodlums.Onceshestoodbeforearmed
bulliesandsangahymntothem.Awedbyhercourageandhercommandingpresence,theysheepishly
retreated.
DuringtheCivilWarshecaredforhomelessexslavesinWashington.PresidentLincolninvitedherto
theWhiteHousetobestowpraiseonher.Later,shepetitionedCongresstohelpformerslavesgetland
intheWest.Eveninheroldage,sheforcedthecityofWashingtontointegrateitstrolleycarssothat
blackandwhitecouldridetogether.
Shortlybeforeherdeathateightysix,shewasaskedwhatkepthergoing.Ithinkofthegreatthings,
repliedSojourner.
Theimposingblackwomanpromisedtokeepthewhiteman
A.searching
B.crying
C.hollering
D.scratching
E.fleeing
11.Thisincidentoccurredinthe
A.1760s
B.1900s
C.1840s
D.1920s
E.1700s
12.SojournerTruthwasraisedinadampcellarin
A.NewYork
B.Georgia
C.NewJersey
D.Idaho
E.Maryland
13.Isabellalostbothparentsbythetimeshewas
A.twentyseven
B.two
C.seven
D.fourteen
E.nineteen
14.WhenNewYorkfreeditsslaves,Isabellahad
A.problems
B.nochildren
C.fivechildren
D.aneducation
E.threechildren
15.Herchangeinnamewasinspiredby
A.afightingspirit
B.religion
C.herfreedom
D.officials
E.friends
16.ShetraveledfromNewEnglandto
A.Canada
B.California
C.Minnesota
D.Alaska
E.Virginia
17.SheforcedthecityofWashingtonto
A.integrateitstrolleys
B.givelandgrants
C.careforexslaves
D.providefoodforexslaves
E.cleanitstrolleys
18.Shepreachedagainst
A.smoking
B.slavery
C.alcohol
D.hoodlums
E.womenhavingnorights
19.SojournerTruthdiedat
A.48
B.72
C.63
D.86
E.88
20.TheGalapagosIslandsareinthePacificOcean,offthewesterncoastofSouthAmerica.Theyarea
rocky,lonelyspot,buttheyarealsooneofthemostunusualplacesintheworld.Onereasonisthat
theyarethehomeofsomeofthelastgianttortoisesleftonearth.
Weighinghundredsofpounds,thesetortoises,orlandturtles,wanderslowlyaroundtherocksandsand
oftheislands.Strangely,eachoftheseislandshasitsownparticularkindsoftortoises.Thereareseven
differentkindsoftortoisesontheeightislands,eachkindbeingslightlydifferentfromtheother.
Hundredsofyearsago,thousandsoftortoiseswanderedaroundtheseislands.However,allthat
changedwhenpeoplestartedlandingthere.Whenpeoplefirstarrivedin1535,theirshipshadno
refrigerators.Thismeantthatfreshfoodwasalwaysaproblemforthesailorsonboard.The
ianttortoisesprovidedasolutiontothisproblem.
Shipswouldanchorofftheislands,andcrewswouldrowashoreandseizeasmanytortoisesasthey
could.Oncetheanimalswereaboardtheship,thesailorswouldrollthetortoisesontotheirbacks.The
tortoiseswerecompletelyhelplessonceontheirbacks,sotheycouldonlyliethereuntilusedforsoups
andstews.Almost100,000tortoiseswerecarriedoffinthisway.
Thetortoisesfacedotherproblems,too.Soonafterthefirstships,settlersarrivedbringingpigs,goats,
donkeys,dogsandcats.Alloftheseanimalsruinedlifeforthetortoises.Donkeyandgoatsateallthe
plantsthatthetortoisesusuallyfedon,whilethepigs.Dogsandcatsconsumedthousandsofbaby
tortoiseseachyear.Withinafewyears,itwashardtofindanytortoiseeggsorevenanybabytortoises.

Bytheearly1900s,peoplebegantoworrythatthelastofthetortoiseswouldsoondieout.Noone,
however,seemedtocareenoughtodoanythingabouttheproblem.Moreandmoretortoises
disappeared,eventhoughsailorsnolongerneededthemforfood.Foranotherfiftyyears,thissituation
continued.Finally,inthe1950s,scientistdecidedthatsomethingmustbedone.
Thefirstpartoftheirplanwastogetridofasmanycats,dogsandotheranimalsastheycould.Next,
theytriedtomakesurethatmorebabytortoiseswouldbeborn.Todothis,theystartedlookingfor
wildtortoiseeggs.Theygatheredtheeggsandputtheminsafecontainers.Whentheeggshatched,the
scientistsraisedthetortoisesinspecialpens.Boththeeggsandtortoiseswerenumberedsothatthe
scientistsknewexactlywhichkindsoftortoisestheyhadandwhichislandtheycamefrom.Oncethe
tortoiseswereoldenoughandbigenoughtotakecareofthemselves,thescientiststookthembackto
theirislandsandsetthemloose.Thisslow,hardworkcontinuestoday,and,thankstoit,thenumberof
tortoisesisnowincreasingeveryyear.Perhapsthesewonderfulanimalswillnotdisappearafterall.
Whathappenedfirst?
A.Sailorstooktortoisesaboardships.
B.Thetortoisemeatwasusedforsoupsandstews.
C.Tortoiseswereputontotheirbacks.
D.Settlersbroughtotheranimalstotheislands.
E.Pigshadbeenallthesailorshadtoeat.
21.Whathappenedsoonafterpeoplebroughtanimalstotheislands?
A.Tortoiseeggswerekeptinsafecontainers.
B.Scientiststookawayasmanyanimalsastheycould.
C.Theanimalsatethetortoises'foodandeggs.
D.Thetortoisesfoughtwiththeotheranimals.
E.Thetortoisescontinuedtowanderfreely.
22.Whendidpeoplestarttodosomethingtosavethetortoises?
A.inthe1500s
B.inthe1950s
C.intheearly1900s
D.inthe1960s
E.inthe1400s
23.Whathappensrightafterthetortoiseeggshatch?
A.Thescientiststakethetortoisesbacktotheirislands.
B.Thescientistsgetridofcats,dogs,andotheranimals.
C.Thesailorsusethetortoisesforfood.
D.Thescientistraisedthetortoisesinspecialpens.
E.Thescientistencouragedthevillagerstohelp.
24.Whathappenedlast?
A.Thetortoisesbegantodisappear.
B.Thenumberoftortoisesbegantogrow.
C.Scientiststookawayotheranimals.
D.Tortoisesweretakenbacktotheirhomeislands.
E.Thenumberoftortoisesbegantodecrease.
25.Thefirstpersoninthegroupstartsoffbynaminganythingthatisgeographical.Itcouldbeacity,
state,country,river,lake,oranypropergeographicalterm.Forexample,thepersonmight
say,Boston.Thesecondpersonhastensecondstothinkofhowthewordendsandcomeupwith
anothergeographicaltermstartingwiththatletter.Thesecondparticipantmightsay,Norway,since
thegeographicaltermhastostartwithN.Thethirdpersonwouldhavetochooseawordbeginning
withY.Ifaplayerfailstothinkofacorrectanswerwithinthetimelimit,thatplayerisoutofthe
game.Thelastpersontosurviveisthechampion.
Thisgamemayhelpyouwith
A.history
B.music
C.geography
D.sports
E.currentevents
26.Thepersontryingtoanswerneeds
A.notimelimit
B.toknowgeographyonly
C.toignorethelastlettersofwords
D.toknowsomethingaboutspellingandgeography
E.tobeagoodspeller
27.Beforeyouchooseyourownword,thinkabouthow
A.thelastwordstarts
B.thelastwordends
C.smartyouare
D.longthelastwordis
E.thespellingofthefirstword
28.Theanswermustbe
A.inNewYork
B.withintheUnitedStates
C.propergeographicalterms
D.inthesameregion
E.alongacoastline
29.CharlesA.Lindberghisrememberedasthefirstpersontomakeanonstopsoloflightacrossthe
Atlantic,in1927.Thisfeat,whenLindberghwasonlytwentyfiveyearsold,assuredhimalifetimeof
fameandpublicattention.
CharlesAugustusLindberghwasmoreinterestedinflyingairplanesthanhewasinstudying.He
droppedoutoftheUniversityofWisconsinaftertwoyearstoearnalivingperformingdaredevil
airplanestuntsatcountryfairs.Twoyearslater,hejoinedtheUnitedStatesArmysothathecouldgo
totheArmyAirServiceflighttrainingschool.Aftercompletinghistraining,hewashiredtoflymail
betweenSt.LouisandChicago.
ThencamethehistoricflightacrosstheAtlantic.In1919,aNewYorkCityhotelownerofferedaprize
of$25,000tothefirstpilottoflynonstopfromNewYorktoParis.NineSt.Louisbusinessleaders
helpedpayfortheplaneLindberghdesignedespeciallyfortheflight.Lindberghtestedtheplaneby
flyingitfromSanDiegotoNewYork,withanovernightstopinSt.Louis.Theflighttookonly20
hoursand21minutes,atranscontinentalrecord.
Ninedayslater,onMay20,1927,LindberghtookofffromLongIsland,NewYork,at7:52A.M.He
landedatParisonMay21at10:21P.M.Hehadflownmorethan3,600milesinlessthanthirtyfour
hours.Hisflightmadenewsaroundtheworld.Hewasgivenawardsandparadeseverywherehewent.
HewaspresentedwiththeU.S.CongressionalMedalofHonorandthefirstDistinguishedFlying
Cross.Foralongtime,LindberghtouredtheworldasaU.S.goodwillambassador.Hemethisfuture
wife,AnneMorrow,inMexico,whereherfatherwastheUnitedStatesambassador.
Duringthe1930s,CharlesandAnneLindberghworkedforvariousairlinecompanies,chartingnew
commercialairroutes.In1931,foramajorairline,theychartedanewroutefromtheeastcoastofthe
UnitedStatestotheOrient.Theshortest,mostefficientroutewasagreatcurveacrossCanada,over
Alaska,anddowntoChinaandJapan.MostpilotsfamiliarwiththeArcticdidnotbelievethatsucha
routewaspossible.TheLindberghstookonthetaskofprovingthatitwas.Theyarrangedforfueland
suppliestobesetoutalongtheroute.OnJuly29,theytookofffromLongIslandinaspecially
equippedsmallseaplane.Theyflewbydayandeachnightlandedonalakeorariverandcamped.
NearNome,Alaska,theyhadtheirfirstseriousemergency.Outofdaylightandnearlyoutoffuel,they
wereforceddowninasmalloceaninlet.Inthenextmorning'slight,theydiscoveredtheyhadlanded
onbarelythreefeetofwater.OnSeptember19,aftertwomoreemergencylandingsandnumerous
closecalls,theylandedinChinawiththemapsforasafeairlinepassengerroute.
Evenwhileactivelyengagedasapioneeringflier,Lindberghwasalsoworkingasanengineer.In1935,
heandDr.AlexisCarrelweregivenapatentforanartificialheart.DuringWorldWarIinthe1940s,
Lindberghservedasaciviliantechnicaladvisorinaviation.Althoughhewasacivilian,heflewover
fiftycombatmissionsinthePacific.Inthe1950s,Lindberghhelpeddesignthefamous747jetairliner.
Inthelate1960s,hespokewidelyonconservationissues.HediedAugust1974,havinglivedthrough
aviationhistoryfromthetimeofthefirstpoweredflighttothefirststepsonthemoonandhaving
influencedabigpartofthathistoryhimself.
WhatdidLindberghdobeforehecrossedtheAtlantic?
A.HechartedaroutetoChina.
B.Hegraduatedfromflighttrainingschool.
C.HemarriedAnneMorrow.
D.HeactedasatechnicaladvisorduringWorldWarII.
E.Hewasresponsibleforthefuelsupplyforplanes.
30.WhathappenedimmediatelyafterLindberghcrossedtheAtlantic?
A.HeflewthemailbetweenSt.LouisandChicago.
B.Heleftcollege.
C.HeattendedtheArmyflighttrainingschool.
D.HewasgiventheCongressionalMedalofHonor.
E.HemarriedAnneMorrow.
31.WhendidCharlesmeetAnneMorrow?
A.beforehetookofffromLongIsland
B.afterheworkedforanairline
C.beforehewasforceddowninanoceaninlet
D.afterhereceivedthefirstDistinguishedFlyingCross
E.whenvisitinghisparents
32.WhendidtheLindberghsmapanairroutetoChina?
A.beforetheyworkedforanairline
B.beforeCharlesworkedwithDr.Carrel
C.afterWorldWarII
D.whiledesigningthe747
E.whenhewasthirty
33.Whateventhappenedlast?
A.Lindberghpatentedanartificialheart.
B.TheLindberghsmappedaroutetotheOrient.
C.Lindberghhelpeddesignthe747airline.
D.Lindberghflewfiftycombatmissions.
E.Charlesfinallywasgivenanhonorarydegreefromcollege.
34.Alwaysreadthemeterdialsfromtherighttotheleft.Thisprocedureismucheasier,especiallyif
anyofthedialhandsarenearthezeromark.Ifthemeterhastwodials,andoneissmallerthanthe
other,itisnotimperativetoreadthesmallerdialsinceitonlyregistersasmallamount.Readthedialat
therightfirst.Asthedialturnsclockwise,alwaysrecordthefigurethepointerhasjustpassed.Read
thenextdialtotheleftandrecordthefigureithasjustpassed.Continuerecordingthefiguresonthe
dialsfromrighttoleft.Whenfinished,markoffthenumberofunitsrecorded.Dialsonwaterandgas
metersusuallyindicatetheamounteachdialrecords.
Theseinstructionsshowyouhowto
A.readameter
B.turnthedialsofameter
C.installagasmeter
D.repairawatermeter
E.bepreparedforoutsideemployment
35.Alwaysreadthemeterdials
A.fromtoptobottom
B.fromrighttoleft
C.fromlefttoright
D.fromthesmalltothelargedial
E.fromthelargedialtothesmalldial
36.Asyoureadthefirstdial,recordthefigures
A.onthesmallerdial
B.thepointerisapproaching
C.thepointerhasjustpassed
D.atthetop
E.atthebottom
37.Whenyouhavefinishedreadingthemeter,markoff
A.thenumberofunitsrecorded
B.thefiguresonthesmalldial
C.thetotalfigures
D.allthezeromarks
E.thelastreadingofthemonth
38.ThevillageofVestmannaeyjar,inthefarnortherncountryofIceland,isasbrightandcleanandup
todateasanyAmericanorCanadiansuburb.ItislocatedontheislandofHeimaey,justoffthe
mainland.OneJanuarynightin1973,however,householderswereshockedfromtheirsleep.Insome
backyardsredhotliquidwasspurtingfromtheground.Flamingskyrocketsshotupandoverthe
houses.Theisland'svolcano,Helgafell,silentforseventhousandyears,wasviolentlyerupting!
Luckily,theisland'sfishingfleetwasinport,andwithintwentyfourhoursalmosteveryonewas
ferriedtothemainland.Butthentheagonyoftheislandbeganinearnest.Asinanightmare,fountains
ofburninglavaspurtedthreehundredfeethigh.Black,baseballsizecindersraineddown.Anevil
smelling,eyeburning,throatsearingcloudofsmokeandgaseruptedintotheair,andariveroflava
floweddownthemountain.Theconstantshriekofescapingsteamwaspunctuatedbyearsplitting
explosions.
Astimewenton,theoncepleasantvillageofVestmannaeyjartookonaweirdaspect.Itsstreetlamps
stillburningagainstthelongArcticnight,thetownlayunderathickblanketofcinders.Allthatcould
beseenabovethetenfootblackdriftswerethetipsofstreetsigns.Somehouseshadcollapsedunder
theweightofcinders;othershadburstintoflamesastheheatignitedtheiroilstoragetanks.Lighting
thewholeluridscene,firecontinuedtoshootfromthemouthoftheloomingvolcano.
Theeruptioncontinuedforsixmonths.Scientistsandreportersarrivedfromaroundtheworldto
observetheawesomenaturalevent.Butthetowndidnotdiethateasily.InJuly,whentheeruption
ceased,thepeopleofHeimaeyIslandreturnedtoassessthechancesofrebuildingtheirhomesand
lives.Theyfoundtonsofashcoveringtheground.TheIcelandersareatoughpeople,however,
accustomedtothestrangeandviolentnatureoftheirArcticland.Theydugouttheirhomes.Theyeven
usedthecinderstobuildnewroadsandairportrunways.NowthenewhomesofHeimaeyarewarmed
fromwaterpipesheatedbymoltenlava.
Thevillageislocatedontheislandof
A.Vestmannaeyjar
B.Hebrides
C.Heimaey
D.Helgafell
E.Heimma
39.Thecolorofthehotliquidwas
A.orange
B.black
C.yellow
D.red
E.gray
40.Thisliquidwascomingfromthe
A.mountains
B.ground
C.sea
D.sky
E.ocean
41.Theisland'svolcanohadbeeninactivefor
A.seventyyears
B.seventhousandyears
C.seventhousandmonths
D.sevenhundredyears
E.seventydecades
42.Blackcindersfellthatwerethesizeof__
A.baseballs
B.pebbles
C.golfballs
D.footballs
E.hailstones
43.Despitetheeruption
A.buseskeptrunning
B.theradiokeptbroadcasting
C.thepolicekeptworking
D.streetlampskeptburning
E.thetelevisionkeptbroadcasting
44.Thisvolcaniceruptionlastedforsix___.
A.weeks
B.hours
C.months
D.days
E.years
AnswerKey
1.C
2.D
3.C
4.A
5.B
6.B
7.D
8.B
9.D
10.D
11.C
12.A
13.D
14.C
15.B
16.C
17.A
18.B
19.D
20.A
21.C
22.B
23.D
24.B
25.C
26.D
27.B
28.C
29.B
30.D
31.D
32.B
33.C
34.A
35.B
36.C
37.A
38.C
39.D
40.B
41.B
42.A
43.D
44.C
1.Ifthebookshavebeencatalogedlastweek,whyhaven'ttheybeenplacedontheshelf?
A.havebeencataloged
B.wouldhavebeencataloged
C.wascataloged
D.werecataloged
E.hadbeencataloged
2.JessicaMitfordwroteTheAmericanWayofDeath,abestsellingbook,thatledeventuallytoan
officialinvestigationofthefuneralindustry.
A.thatledeventually
B.thathadledeventually
C.thateventuallyled
D.whichledeventually
E.whoeventuallyled
3.SabotagecamefromtheFrenchsaboter,whichmeanstoclatterwithwoodenshoes(sabots).
A.whichmeansto
B.whichmeans,to
C.thatmeansto
D.thatmeansto
E.thatmeans,to
4.Instudyinganassignmentitiswisetoreaditoverquicklyatfirst,thanseethemajorpoints,and
finallyoutlinethematerial.
A.first,than
B.first:then
C.firstthen
D.first,then
E.firstthan
5.TojudgetheTidyCitycontest,wepickedanuninterestedparty.
A.pickedanuninterestedparty.
B.pickedaninterestedparty!
C.pickedadisinterestedparty.
D.areintheprocessofpickinganuninterestedparty.
E.pickedandisinterestedparty.
6.Lindadecidestheyhadbetterscrambeforethekillersfindthem.
A.hadbetterscram
B.hadbetterleave
C.shouldhurryandscram
D.couldhurryandleave
E.hadbettergetout
7.IreallydugthecharacterofBrutus.
A.dug
B.thoughtabout
C.thoughtof
D.admired
E.gazedat
8.Onceuponapointatime,asmallpersonnamedLittleRedRidingHoodinitatedplansforthe
preparation,deliveryandtransportationoffoodstuffstoherGrandmother.
A.andtransportationoffoodstuffstoherGrandmother.
B.andtransportationoffoodstuffstoherGrandmother.
C.andtransportationoffoodsuppliestoherGrandmother.
D.andtransportationoffoodstuffstohergrandmother.
E.and,transportationoffoodsuppliestohergrandmother.
9.Thesettingofastoryeffectsthestory'splot.
A.effectsthestory'splot
B.effectsthestoriesplot
C.affectthestory'splot
D.affectsthestory'splot
E.affectsthestory'splots
10.Arctictreesarescrubbiestthantreesinmilderclimates.
A.scrubbiestthantrees
B.scrubbierthentrees
C.scrubbiestthanaretrees
D.scrubbierthanaretrees
E.scrubbierthantrees
11.QuebecrisesinamagnificentwayabovetheSt.LawrenceRiver.
A.risesinamagnificentwayabove
B.risesinamagnificentway,wayabove
C.risesmagnificentlyabove
D.risesmagnificentlywayabove
E.israisedinamagnificentwayabove
12.Someonegivestheschoolgerbilseveryyear.
A.Someonegivestheschoolgerbils
B.Someonegivestheschoolgerbils
C.SomeonegivestheSchoolgerbils
D.Thereisapersonthatgivestheschoolgerbils
E.Anindividualgavegerbils
13.Duringcolonialdays,aschoolroomlookedratherempty.
A.colonialdays,aschoolroomlooked
B.colonialdays,aschoolroomlooked
C.colonialdays;aschoolroomlooked
D.colonialdays;aschoolroomlooked
E.colonialdaysaschoolroomlooked
14.Theheliumfilledballoonroseintheair.
A.roseintheair.
B.wasrisingintheair.
C.wasintheair.
D.roseintotheair.
E.wouldriseintheair.
15.IfIhadtheaddress,Iwouldhavedeliveredthepackagemyself.
A.hadtheaddress,
B.hadtheaddress;
C.hadtheaddress
D.hadhadtheaddress;
E.hadhadtheaddress,
16.Doyouknowthatthesegloveshavelayonthebureauallweek?
A.havelayon
B.havelaidon
C.wouldlieon
D.hadlaidon
E.havelainon
17.IfIwouldhaveknownabouttheteamtryouts,Iwouldhavesignedupforthem.
A.wouldhaveknown
B.wouldhadknown
C.couldofknown
D.hadbeentold
E.couldhavebeentold
18.Ifhewouldhaverevisedhisfirstdraft,hewouldhavereceivedabettergrade.
A.wouldhaverevised
B.hadrevised
C.couldofrevised
D.hadofrevised
E.wouldrevise
19.Valarieclaimsthatcatsmadethebestpets.
A.madethebestpets.
B.couldbethebestpets.
C.arethebestpets.
D.makeofthebestpets
E.makethebestpets.
20.BynextmonthMs.JoneswillbeMayorofTallahasseefortwoyears.
A.willbeMayorofTallahassee
B.willhavebeenMayorofTallahassee
C.willbemayorofTallahassee
D.willhavebeenmayorofTallahassee
E.couldhavebeenmayorofTallahassee
AnswerKey
1.D
2.D
3.A
4.D
5.C
6.B
7.D
8.D
9.D
10.E
11.C
12.A
13.B
14.D
15.E
16.E
17.A
18.B
19.E
20.D
1.Hoursofdrivinglaidaheadofus.
A.laid
B.havelain
C.lay
D.haslay
E.lie
2.Bythetimewegettothepicnicarea,therainwillstop.
A.willstop
B.shallstop
C.willhasstopped
D.shallhavestopped
E.willhavestopped
3.IfJudywouldnothavemissedthedeadline,theyearbookdeliverywouldhavebeenontime.
A.wouldnothavemissed
B.shouldhavenotmissed
C.wouldn'thavemissed
D.hadnotmissed
E.wouldhavenotmissed
4.WespentSundayafternoonwanderingaimlessinthepark.
A.wanderingaimless
B.wanderingaimlessly
C.wanderingwithoutpurpose
D.wanderinginanaimlessmanner
E.wanderingalmostaimlessly
5.OnlyafterIwenthomedidIremembermydentalappointment.
A.wenthome
B.hadwenthome
C.hadgonehome
D.gonehome
E.shouldgohome
6.Thebooklayopenatpage77.
A.layopen
B.laidopen
C.liedopen
D.lainopen
E.waslaidopen
7.BythistimenextyearJohannawillbeginclassesattheUniversityofColorado.
A.willbeginclasses
B.willhavebegunclasses
C.hasbeganclasses
D.shouldbeginclasses
E.shouldhavebegunclasses
8.Aftercomparingmyairconditionerwiththeoneonsale,Idecidedthatminewasthemostefficient.
A.wasthemostefficient.
B.shouldbethemostefficient.
C.wasthemoreefficient.
D.was,byfarthemostefficient
E.shouldbeconsideredthemostefficient.
9.Iwouldhavelikedtohavegoneswimmingyesterday.
A.tohavegoneswimming
B.togoswimming
C.tohadgoneswimming
D.togotoswim
E.toofgoneswimming
10.IwishIreadthechapterbeforeItriedtoanswerthequestions.
A.readthechapter
B.wouldreadthechapter
C.shouldofreadthechapter
D.couldhavereadthechapter
E.hadreadthechapter
11.NathanaelWestsaidthathe'dneverhavewrittenhissatiricalnovelifhehadnotvisited
Hollywood.
A.havewrittenhis
B.wouldhavewrittenhis
C.couldofwrittenhis
D.couldhavewrittenhis
E.shouldofwrittenhis
12.Thesmellfromthepapermilllaidoverthetownlikeablanket.
A.laid
B.haslain
C.willlie
D.lay
E.haslaid
13.WhenIwashalfwaydownthestairs,IsuddenlyknewwhatIhadwantedtohavesaid.
A.tohavesaid
B.toosay
C.tohavebeensaid
D.tohadsay
E.tosay
14.IwouldbemorecarefulifIhadbeenyou.
A.hadbeen
B.couldhavebeen
C.was
D.were
E.couldhavebeen
15.Theyreadwherethegovernorhasappointedaspecialcommitteetoimprovetheschoolcalendar.
A.where
B.how
C.were
D.ofwhere
E.wear
16.InstudyhallIsitbesidesPaulSmith,whoiscaptainoftheswimteamandoneofthebest
swimmersinthestate.
A.sitbesides
B.satbeside
C.havesetbeside
D.sitbeside
E.havesitbeside
17.Thisclassichasbeenreadwithenjoymentfornearlytwohundredyears.
A.hasbeenread
B.willhavebeenread
C.shallhavebeenread
D.isbeingread
E.wasread
18.Manynineteenthcenturybiographersrelyontheirimagination,notonrealfacts.
A.relyontheirimagination,
B.reliedontheirimagination,
C.havereliedontheirimagination
D.couldhavereliedontheirimagination,
E.couldrelyontheirimaginations:
19.Theprivatelivesofpoliticians,generals,andothernotablesfascinatesthereadingpublic.
A.fascinatesthereading
B.havefascinatedthereading
C.willfascinatethereading
D.fascinatethereading
E.hasfascinatethereading
20.Thatsmallmanchoseaseatnearthedoorandcarefullysatdown.
A.sat
B.willsit
C.couldofsat
D.havesitdown
E.setdown
21.LastsummerIworkedinthechemicallaboratoryattheBrassCompany;mosttheworkcameinto
thelabfortestingmarkedwiththewordstoppriority.
A.wordstoppriority.
B.wordstoppriority.
C.words:Toppriority.
D.words,TopPriority.
E.Wordstoppriority.
AnswerKey
1.C
2.E
3.D
4.B
5.C
6.A
7.B
8.C
9.A
10.E
11.A
12.D
13.E
14.D
15.A
16.D
17.A
18.B
19.D
20.A
21.D