/

....
.. .

IEC Public 271

) ) (
(
(Maintenance is technically defined in IEC public 271 the combination of all
technical and corresponding administrative actions intended to retain an item in,
) or restore to, a state in which it can perform its required function
- :
.. ..
. (Life cycle cost) .

.
)(
. Statistics of reliability performance
. Statistics of maintainability performance

.

- :

Start up commissioning - :

..
- :
( - .
( - .
/
 )( Routine Maintenance - :

..
- :
- .

- :

( - .
( -
.
( - ) (

.

. Predictive Maintenance - :

.. ..
.. - :
( -
.
( - .
( -
.
( - )(Off-Line analysis technique
. (On Line analysis technique) .
. (Preventive Maintenance) - :

..
..
.

/
 - :

( - .
( - )
(
.
( -
.
( - )-(
)-(.
( - ) -(
)

( .
( - ) (
) (
..
..
.

Corrective Maintenance - :

.
- :
.
.
.
.
.
.

/

.
..
- :
- :

.
.
.

- :

) (

.

..
.
-
.
..
.
) (File - :

) .
(
Commissioning tests
.

/
 ) .
( .
.
.
)
(
.

- :

- :
.. .. .

.
.



) (Noise level .... .

.
..

) (
) ( .

) (
.... .

/
 - :

* - :

) ( ..
)
.... (
.

) / / / ( .
.
) (

.

- - :

.
-:
( .
(
.
( .
( .
..
- :
.

/

.

.

..
.. ..

.
- :
.
) (Gas-insulated system-GIS

.

Reliability ..
.

- :

.
SF6 .
. Loop current switching
) ( .
). (Zinc - or metal oxide instead of air type
. GIS
).(GIS , Cast resin , air beside the oil

/
 * - :

.
. .
- :
)(On , off , switching

.
)
( .
) . ...(.
.
.
.
) ( ..

* - :

.

.
* - :

).(tan
.

* - :

- :
.
- .
.
/
 .
.
.

* - :

) (Mineral oil


.
.
) (Vacuum .
) .. (

* - :

) ( .

..
....
.
) (
.
) (
.

) ( .
) (
Shield Sheath
.

/
 ) ( ..... Soil resistivity
.
.

)

.... ( .
- : - :
Surges & Transient Voltages

. Switching

Selective .

.
.
) ( .
.
.
) +( .
.
.
* - :
( ) (tan

) (tan . ) (tan
.

/
 ( - :
. Turn To Turn
( - :
). (Dissipation faction
( .
( ) (D.C Resistance .
) (

( .
* ). (Circuit Breakers

.
) (SF6 sf6
.
- - :

( ) (D.C Resistance

.
( .
.
( ) (SF6
.
- SF6 .
(
.
- ) ( - :

. Visual check
).(tan
.

/
 * - :




.
* - :
.
.
.
* - :

.
.

/


============

/ / /
-
.
)(
-
.
). (Partial discharge -
. -
. -
. -
. -
. -
. No load currents -
Exciter -
Normal & thrust bearings -
. Vibration levels -
. -
tan -
- . -

-
).(rotor

-
. -
) ( . -

/


============

SF6
-
.

-
""Ambient

/ / . -
-
-
Damper SF6
. -
. -
. -
-

-
SF6 . -
) -
-
( % Gas insulated
- switchgear
-
-
-
.Dynamometer
. -

-
.
/
-
.

/


============

. -
. -
- -

-
tan


-
Knee voltage

. -
. -
. -

-