Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1 Ano Ingles
1 Ano Ingles
INGLS / ENGLISH
STUDENT:_____________________________
Reading Comprehension
1) O texto aborda:
a- Aspectos fsicos e psicolgicos causados pelo estresse.
b- Basicamente a compresso entre os dentes durante a mastigao.
c- Unicamente os aspectos fsicos do estresse em pessoas que carregam
peso.
d- Os desequilbrios causados pelo estresse nos corpos de homens e
mulheres influentes.
e- Os problemas de se fazer exerccios fsicos sem orientao
especializada.
2) Entre as causas gerais do estresse podem ser citadas todas as
opes abaixo, exceto:
a- Uma doena.
b- Um distrbio mental.
GRAMMAR
SIMPLE PRESENT
Usa-se o simple present para falar de hbitos, rotina, acontecimentos ou aes
que acontecem regularmente ou com freqncia. Neste caso comum o uso
dos advrbios de freqncia tais como: always, often, sometimes, usually,
normally, every day (week, month, year, Sunday). Porm, eles no so
obrigatrios, nem so usados exclusivamente com o simple present. Exemplo:
I get up at seven oclock every day.
Os advrbios e locues mais usados no presente simples so:
Always sempre
Never nunca
Often/Frequently freqentemente
Seldom/Rarely raramente
I work in a bank and my friend John works there too. I walk to work, but John
goes by bus. We sometimes meet at the cafeteria and have a coffee together.
After work, I go to night school and I study until late. John has more fun. He
plays football with his friends or goes to the disco. But I want a better job, so
while he plays, I learn.
CHAPTER 2
A postcard from London
Dear Walter,
Here I am in London. Its a fantastic city, a mix of past and present. Im visiting
many beautiful places: gardens, parks, squares, castles, palaces, museums,
churches, cathedrals and markets.
Its easy to use the local public transport such as the tube, the buses, and the
famous double-decker bus. But Im not using the cabs. They are unattractive, in
my opinion.
Im writing from Westminster Abbey, the place of the Coronation of Kings and
Queens of England since 1066. Its the setting for royal weddings and also the
resting place of many heroes.
GRAMMAR
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
O presente contnuo um tempo verbal que expressa uma ao que est
acontecendo no momento. Por exemplo: Eu estou lendo agora. A ao de ler
est acontecendo no momento, portanto o tempo verbal o presente contnuo.
Alm disto, devemos saber tambm que este tempo verbal composto, isto ,
possui mais de um elemento em sua frmula. J conhecemos um desses
elementos, que o verbo to be (ser, estar) no presente, e o outro elemento o
gerndio do verbo principal.
2. Forma Negativa
Formas sem contrao Forma contrada Traduo
I am not working Im not working Eu no estou trabalhando
You are not working You arent working Voc no est trabalhando
He is not working He isnt working Ele no est trabalhando
She is not working She isnt working Ela no est trabalhando
It is not working It isnt working Ele/ela no est trabalhando
We are not working We arent working Ns no estamos trabalhando
You are not working You arent working Vocs no esto trabalhando
They are not working They arent working Eles/elas no esto trabalhando
3. Forma Interrogativa
Formas sem contrao Forma contrada Traduo
Am I working? Eu estou trabalhando?
Are you working? Voc est trabalhando?
Is he working? Ele est trabalhando?
Is she working? (No se faz a Ela est trabalhando?
Is it working? contrao) Ele/ela est trabalhando?
Are we working? Ns estamos trabalhando?
Are you working? Vocs esto trabalhando?
Are they working? Eles/elas esto trabalhando?
CHAPTER 3
The little girl and the wolf
On a cloudy afternoon a big wolf waited in a forest for a little girl to come along
carrying a basket of food to her grandmother. Finally, the girl came along. Are
VERBOS REGULARES
INFINITIVE SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE TRADUO
ABANDON ABANDONED ABANDONED ABANDONAR
ACCEPT ACCEPTED ACCEPTED ACEITAR
ACCUSE ACCUSED ACCUSED ACUSAR
ADD ADDED ADDED SOMAR/ACRESCENTAR
ADMIRE ADMIRED ADMIRED ADMIRAR
ADMIT ADMITED ADMITED ADMITIR
ADVANCE ADVANCED ADVANCED AVANAR
ADVISE ADVISED ADVISED ACONSELHAR
AGREE AGREED AGREED CONCORDAR
ALLOW ALLOWED ALLOWED PERMITIR
AMUSE AMUSED AMUSED DIVERTIR
ANSWER ANSWERED ANSWERED RESPONDER
APPEAR APPEARED APPEARED APARECER
ARGUE ARGUED ARGUED DISCUTIR
ARRIVE ARRIVED ARRIVED CHEGAR
ASK ASKED ASKED PERGUNTAR/PEDIR
ASSIST ASSISTED ASSISTED AJUDAR
ATTACK ATTACKED ATTACKED ATACAR
AVOID AVOIDED AVOIDED EVITAR
BAKE BAKED BAKED COZER
BARK BARKED BARKED LATIR
BEG BEGGED BEGGED PEDIR/ROGAR
BEHAVE BEHAVED BEHAVED COMPORTAR
BELIEVE BELIEVED BELIEVED ACREDITAR
BELONG BELONGED BELONGED PERTENCER
BET BETTED BETTED APOSTAR
BORROW BORROWED BORROWED EMPRESTAR
BRUSH BRUSHED BRUSHED ESCOVAR
CALL CALLED CALLED CHAMAR
CHANGE CHANGED CHANGED MUDAR/TROCAR
CLAIM CLAIMED CLAIMED RECLAMAR
CLEAN CLEANED CLEANED LIMPAR
COMMAND COMMANDED COMMANDED COMANDAR
COMPARE COMPARED COMPARED COMPARAR
CONDUCT CONDUCTED CONDUCTED CONDUZIR
CONTINUE CONTINUED CONTINUED CONTINUAR
COOK COOKED COOKED COZINHAR
COVER COVERED COVERED COBRIR
NOTA: Os verbos awake, burn, dream, light, wake podem ser regulares, ou
seja, formando o passado simples pelo acrscimo de ED (awaked, burned,
dreamed, lighted, waked, respectivamente)
Exercises
1) Complete as frases abaixo com o passado dos verbos entre parnteses.
a- Yesterday evening I __________ watched television. (watch)
b- I __________ my teeth three times yesterday. (clean)
c- Bernard __________ 20 cigarettes yesterday. (smoke)
d- The concert last night __________ at 7:30. (start)
e- The accident __________ last Sunday. (happen)
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d- I go to swim today.
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e- Felipe is happy because today is his birthday.
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CHAPTER 4
A shower in India
Many years ago in India, an important local chief invited an English lady to be
the first person to use the new shower-the first one in that part of the continent.
The lady went into the bathhouse, turned on the taps and got into the nice,
warm water. But while she was taking her shower, she looked up became
frightened to see an eye watching her through a hole. She go out, dressed and
ran outside. She saw an old man there. He was carrying a petrol container of
hot water in one of cold water in the other. In front of him were two funnels.
Why were you watching me in my bath? the lady asked him angrily.
The man answered politely, I have to see which tap you turn on, madam, so I
know if I pour in hot or cold water.
Reading Comprehension
3. Forma Interrogativa.
Formas sem Contrao Forma Contrada Traduo
Was I buying? Eu estava comprando?
Were You buying? Voc estava comprando?
Was He buying? Ele estava comprando?
Was She buying? (No se faz a contrao) Ela estava comprando?
Was It buying? Ele/ela estava comprando?
Were We buying? Ns estvamos comprando?
Were You buying? Vocs estavam comprando?
Were They buying? Eles/elas estavam comprando?
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Exercises
1) Preencha os espaos em branco com can ou may.
a- He is very competent. He ______ do whatever you ask him in his
job.
b- How ______ I get to the station, please?
c- The train ______ arrived any moment.
d- ______ you play the keyboard?
e- We ______ find a restaurant near here, but it is not probable.
f- Im not sure, but he ______ help us.
2) Use could ou might.
a- Im not sure, but he ________ ask you a question.
b- How ________ we know that she was pregnant?
c- Hes afraid you ________ be wrong, Your Excellency.
d- I would change the world if I could ________.
e- He ________ leave today, but the chances are very few.
3) Complete as sentenas usando must ou should.
a- The doctor advised me that I ________ reduce my working hours.
b- I have something to tell her, but I dont know if I ________ or not.
CHAPTER 6
Give a kid a hand
The first five years of a childs life are critical, the experts tell us. Thats when
their characters are formed. Thats when caring counts. Someone to show them
how to do things. Someone just to hold them.
Unfortunately, for many of the worlds children, thats just what they dont get.
And society suffers as a result because a deprived child has a lot less chance
of growing up an adjusted adult. Some of us believe we can change things or
at least try. And we need your help. No, dont reach for your pocket. Its not your
money its YOU we want. In your community there are dozens of ways you
can make personal contact with kids and make a different in their lives. Maybe
youll help one to read, to play a game, to learn to laugh. Maybe youll just be
the hand that holds out a little hope
COME ON HELP US GIVE A KID A HAND
IAA INTERNATIONAL ADVERTISING ASSOCIATION
Source: Newsweek
Reading Comprehension
1) Look at the title, subtitle and logo. Complete with the information.
a- Text type (in Portuguese).
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b- Publish in (source).
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_______________________________________________________________
c- Advertiser.
_______________________________________________________________
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2) The title Give a kid a hand invites the reader.
a- To help a child.
GRAMMAR
QUANTIFIERS
Na lngua inglesa, temos dois tipos de substantivos, os contveis e os
incontveis De modo geral, apresentam caractersticas bem diferentes no que
diz respeito a sua estrutura, sendo assim, possvel caracteriz-los da
seguinte forma:
Contveis - substantivos que podem ser quantificados, e ocorrem tanto no
singular como no plural. No singular so precedidos pelo artigo indefinido a/an
(um/uma).
Exemplos:
An ice-cream (um sorvete)
A truck (um caminho)
A car (um carro)
A banana (uma banana)
An orange (uma laranja)
Incontveis substantivos abstratos que no podem ser quantificados e
substantivos concretos que designam matrias e substncias em sentido geral.
Estes substantivos no ocorrem no plural, e no so precedidos por artigo
indefinido (a/an), ou numerais (one, two, etc).
Exemplos:
Love (Amor)
Happiness (Felicidade)
Freedom (Liberdade)
Milk (Leite)
Expresses comuns:
Few (pouco)
How many...? (quantos)
Many (muito) Usados com substantivos contveis
Too many (demais)
So many (tantos)
Exemplos:
We dont have much work around here. (Ns no temos muito trabalho por
aqui.)
There arent many jobs. ( No existem muitos empregos.)
There is a little investment and there are very few opportunities. (Existe pouco
investimento e muito poucas oportunidades).
Dicas:
1. Some e any so determinantes. Ns os usamos antes de substantivos
no plural ou incontveis.
Would you like some ice cream? (Voc gostaria de um sorvete?)
Would you like some of this ice-cream? (Voc gostaria de um pouco deste
sorvete?)
2. Some e any possuem o mesmo significado dos artigos indefinidos a/an.
Eles se referem a uma quantidade ou a um nmero indefinido. Compare:
Have you got an aspirin? (substantivo singular contvel) Voc tem uma
aspirina?
Have you got any aspirins? (substantivo plural contvel) Voc tem aspirinas?
I need some medicine. (substantivo incontvel) Eu preciso de medicao.
3. Usualmente usa-se some em frases afirmativas e any em negativas e
perguntas. Compare:
I want some pencils. (Eu preciso de alguns lpis.)
Have you got any pencils? (Voc no tem nenhum lpis?)
4. Usa-se some em perguntas se a resposta desejada e/ou esperada for
positiva. Por exemplo, em oferecimentos ou pedidos:
Would you like some more water? (Voc gostaria de um pouco mais de gua?)
CHAPTER 7
Air, water, sand or snow? If you had 3 days off and money to spend, what sport
would you choose?
Snowboarding was invented in 1963 in the USA and becomes more popular
every year. Jumps are the most exciting part of snowboarding.
They also result in the most injuries concussions and fractures.
The injuries can be very serious, causing long-term physical disability. Learning
how to fall properly is fundamental.
Sand boarding originated in Florianopolis, Brazil, in 1986.
GRAMMAR
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE DEGREES
Comparativo Superlativo
Adjetivos Longos
- Comparativo
Usamos a estrutura more + adjetivo.
Exemplos: My car is more expensive than your. = Meu carro mais caro do que
o seu.
French is more difficult than English. = Francs mais difcil do que Ingls.
- Superlativo
Usamos a estrutura the most + adjetivo.
Exemplos: Ferrari is the most expensive car. = Ferrari o carro mais caro.
Suzana is the most intelligent girl. = Suzana a garota mais inteligente.
CHAPTER 8
James & Janes Restaurant
The best cuisine in town!
Reading Comprehension
1) O estabelecimento a que o texto se refere pertence /a/ao.
a- Jane.
b- James e Jane.
c- Uma rede de restaurantes.
d- Uma pessoa chamada James Janes.
e- James.
2) A palavra menu empregada no texto um emprstimo da lngua
francesa usado em ingls.Esta palavra tambm pode ser
encontrada em.
a- Teclados de computador.
b- Painis de carros.
c- Bulas de remdio.
d- Teclas de TV ao se acionar determinada tecla.
e- Receitas mdicas.
GRAMMAR
GENITIVE CASE
O Caso Genitivo (ou Possessivo) por meio do uso de um apstrofo (') seguido
ou no de s tpico da Lngua Inglesa. usado basicamente para mostrar que
algo pertence ou est associado a algum ou a algum elemento. O 's vem aps
o nome do possuidor, que preceder sempre a coisa pertencente. Veja:
The name of the boy is Joseph. = the boy's name is Joseph. (boy = possuidor e
name = pertencente) (O nome do garoto Joseph.)
The invaders of the country influenced the language = The country's invaders
influenced the language.
(country = possuidor e invaders = pertencente) (Os invasores do pas
influenciaram a lngua.)
The diary of Bridget Jones = Bridget Jones's diary (Bridget Jones = possuidor e
diary = pertencente) (O dirio de Bridget Jones.)
Usos do caso genitivo - Uses of the genitive case:
b- Dress Barbara
_________________________________ is White and yellow.
c- Pants Chris
______________________________ are on the bed.
d- Apartment Mr. And Mrs. Patton
CHAPTER 9
Linda Thompson and Julie Parker study at the same university. They are
coming back home after a hard day of study.
Linda You arent tired, are you Julie?
Julie No, Im not. Why Linda?
Linda Im going to the shopping center this evening. You are going with me,
arent you?
Julie Of course I am. I need to buy some books. What about Cynthia, you
asked her to come with us, didnt you?
GRAMMAR
TAG QUESTIONS
uma pequena pergunta feita aps uma frase com a inteno de confirmar a
declarao expressa por ela.
Quando a frase for afirmativa, a question tag ser negativa e vice-versa.
Para se formar a question tag, ela dever estar sempre no mesmo tempo
verbal da frase anterior. Ela formada por dois termos: o auxiliar
correspondente ao tempo do verbo principal e o pronome correspondente ao
sujeito da frase qual se refere. Se o sujeito for um nome, dever ser
substitudo por um pronome do caso reto.
Importante:
Quando o verbo for o verbo to be (ser, estar) no presente simples e o sujeito for
a 1 pessoa do singular (I) devemos observar a alterao que acontece na
forma negativa da question tag. Veja:
I am not a geologist, am I?
I am a physicist, arent I?
Exercises
Complete com a question tag adequada.
1. The game begins at 8, __________?
2. He speaks to himself, __________?
3. Claudia will feed the pigeons, __________?
CHAPTER 10
Exercises
1) Complete as frases com o futuro dos verbos entre parnteses. Use a
forma por extenso.
a- They ________________ (to climb) that mountain.
b- He ________________ (to check) the tyres before the trip.
c- You ________________ (to fill up) the radiator.
CHAPTER 11
Thanks God, its Sunday! I am going to the beach with some friends. We are
going to play volleyball and then we are going to swim. My girlfriend Derek is
going to stay on the sand under the sunshade. At midday we are going to have
lunch in a sea food restaurant near the beach. We are going to come back
home. Its going to be a wonderful day!
GRAMMAR
IMMEDIATE FUTURE
Para traar planos aos quais temos a certeza de que iremos realiz-lo ou nos
referimos a uma ao de inteno utilizamos o futuro com a estrutura GOING
TO. Ex:
Tonight Im going to study for tomorrows test.
Essa estrutura usada tambm para expressar uma ao que ir ou poder
acontecer em um futuro imediato. Ex:
Look at those dark clouds. I think it is going to rain.
Tambm usamos GOING TO para advertir sobre uma situao perigosa. Ex:
Be careful! Youre going to break the glasses.
Estrutura do futuro imediato
1. Forma Afirmativa
SUJEITO + IS/ARE + GOING + INFINITIVO DO VERBO PRINCIPAL
We are going to spend our vacation in England
2. Forma Negativa
SUJEITO + IS/ARE + NOT + GOING + INFINITIVO DO VERBO PRINCIPAL
We are not going to spend our vacation in England
3. Forma Interrogativa
IS/ARE + SUJEITO + GOING + INFINITIVO DO VERBO PRINCIPAL
Are you going to spend your vacation in England?
2. Forma Negativa
Formas sem contrao Forma contrada Traduo
I have not walked I havent walked Eu no ando, no tenho andado
You have not walked You havent walked Voc no anda, no tem andado
He has not walked He hasnt walked Ele no anda, no tem andado
She has not walked She hasnt walked Ela no anda, no tem andado
It has not walked It hasnt walked Ele/ela no anda, no tem andado
We have not walked We havent walked Ns no andamos, no temos andado
You have not walked You havent walked Vocs no andam, no tem andado
They have not walked They havent walked Eles/elas no andam, no tem andado
3. Forma Interrogativa
Formas sem contrao Forma contrada Traduo
Have I walked? Eu ando, tenho andado?
Have you walked? Voc anda, tem andado?
Has he walked? Ele anda, tem andado?
Has she walked? (No se faz a contrao) Ela anda, tem andado?
Has it walked? Ele/ela anda, tem andado?
Have we walked? Ns andamos, temos andado?
Have you walked? Vocs andam, tem andado?
Have they walked? Eles/elas andam, tem andado?
Observaes:
Have got, has got
Para indicar posse, podemos usar as formas have got, has got em vez de have,
has no presente simples.
Have got = have
Has got = has
Examples: He has got some problems = He has some problems.
Ele tem alguns problemas.
What disease has he got? = What disease does he have?
Que doena ele tem?
Exercises
Escolha a forma verbal que preencha corretamente a frase:
1. I __________ here for a week.
( ) was ( ) have been
2. My teacher __________ sick for two days.
( ) has been ( ) was
3. I __________ studying English since January.
( ) have been ( ) studied
CHAPTER 13
Happiness is a fruit that never gets ripe
She has been living in that old ten-roomed house for about fifty years. She was
just thirteen when she moved to that place. What have you been eating? Indeed
both she and the house have been getting old together. He was a one-armed
boy.
The lonely old woman was once a pink-cheeked young lady. She found
amusement in wandering through the woods nearby. She liked to pick up
pebbles and hide them in a grass-covered hut close to the willow trees. My
father was a blond-haired man.
Now the candle of her life has been burning down. She sometimes looks
through the painted-glass window and sighs in a sad way. The same old woods
still remains over there, down the road. And she thinks to herself, Oh, life is a
short dream.
GRAMMAR
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Este tempo verbal usado para enfatizar a ao que comeou no passado e
tem continuidade at o presente momento. Exemplos:
Exercises
1) Faa questes usando how long e o presente perfeito contnuo.
a- Gary repairs computers.
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