,

ABCDEFGH ( 1). : AB = a, AC = b,
AD = c AE = d. :

1) bd = 2ac; F

c d G II E
2) = 1; III
a b
N P
d a I M
3) = 1.
b c H II + III D
(CDP)
K
L
I
II
A C

B
1

. 1) AF, BE, CH DG KLMN ( 1).

ABCF , AB = BC = a AF = CF = c. CF DG = {P}.
() KCPN ABCF CDGH.
ABLK ( ABCF)
GHKN ( CDGH), AB = GH = a AK = KH (AKH
). BCL ( )
FGN. (FGN) PFN -
FGP CDP ( CDGH).
ABCF CDGH, .
1 1
(AC BF ) = CD CH bd = ac
2 2
bd = 2ac.
2) 360 : 8 = 45,
45 : 2 = 22 30 = ( 2). AF
P FP = EF = a, AP = AF FP = c a. ABC AEP
( ), AB : AP = AC : AE, a : (c a) = b : d.
d c
ad = bc ab. ab = 1,
b a
c d
= 1.
a b

F F
90 a
G a E G E
45
db
P 45 N a
135
a 45
H ca d D H D
b a 45
M
ca a


b b 45
A C A C
a 135 a
B B
2 3

3) AD M DM = a, AE N
AN = b ( 3). AM = c a EN = d b. ACD ADN
( ), DN = CD = a. CDM DEN,
CM = EN = d b.
ACD ACM , .
CD : CM = AD : AC, a : (d b) = c : b, . ab = cd bc.
a d d a
bc, = 1. , = 1.
c b b c

1. ABCDEFGH AD2 AB2 = 2 AB AD?
!
2. .
3. AD FE S AN = AC, N AE.
) : (1) DS = DE, (2) DN || SE.
) .
4. ( 3
ADN = EDN = 45 ADE).

. 72
. 48.

, . P = bd.

2

,

. ,
, , .
.
W. W. Sawyer, Prelude to Mathematics

.
,
, .

. r. CD AB M
45. MC2 + MD2 = 2r2.

1. E D AB, F
AB DE O ( 1). MDF MEF
DME - DME = 90, MD = ME MDE =
45. CME = 90 COE = 90 (
45). CE2 = MC2 + ME2 = MC2 + MD2, CE2 = CO2 + OE2 =
2r2, MC2 + MD2 = 2r2.
D D

G
M O F
B E M F
B
O
C C
E

1 2

2. F C
D AB G CD ( 2). OC = OD
( ), CG = GD, GO = GO, OCG ODG (). MGO =
90, MGO 90, 45 45, . , GM
= GO. :

MC2 + MD2 = (CG MG)2 + (DG + MG)2,

MC2 + MD2 = CG2 2 CG MG + MG2 + DG2 + 2 DG MG + MG2,
GM = GO CG = GD
MC2 + MD2 = CG2 2 CG MG + GO2 + DG2 + 2 CG MG + GO2,
MC2 + MD2 = CG2 + GO2 + DG2 + GO2 = CO2 + DO2 = 2r2, . MC2 + MD2 = 2r2.

3. F C D
AB ( 3). OCD (OC = OD), OCD = ODC.
OCD = . OCE = OCD + DCE = 45 + . COE = 180
OEC OCE = 45 . ODF = CDF CDO = 45 + .
OCE ODF , EM = OF EO = MF.
MC2 + MD2 = CE2 + EM2 + MF2 + FD2 = CE2 + OF2 + EO2 + FD2 = CE2 + EO2 + OF2 +
FD2 = CO2 + OD2 = 2r2.

4. O E F C D
AB ( 3). MCE MDF
45, . EC = EM MF = FD.
MCE, MDF, OCE ODF :
EM2 + EC2 = MC2, FM2 + FD2 = MD2, EO2 + EC2 = r2 FO2 + FD2 = r2.
EM, F MO a, b c. : MC2 = 2a2, MD2 = 2b2, (a + c)2 + a2 = r2
(b c)2 + b2 = r2 2a2 + 2ac + c2 = r2 2b2 2bc + c2 = r2.
2a2 + 2ac + c2 = 2b2 2bc + c2, 2ac + 2bc = 2b2 2a2 2(a + b)c =
2(b a)(b + a), . c = b a. 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 +
2(a b)c = 2r2. a b = c, 2a2 + 2b2 = 2r2, . MC2 + MD2 = 2r2.
1
D
E1 D

G
E M F
B M F
O B
E O
C
C

3 p

5. F C D
AB. p O, CD, A1, E1 B1
A, E B p ( 4). A1B1
AB E1 , E1OFD ,
E1O = FD. E1O = EO. MCE MDF
45, , MD2 = 2DF2 =
2OE2 MC2 = 2EC2. OCE EO2 + EC2 = r2, MC2 + MD2 =
2EO2 + 2EC2 = 2r2.

4
 2014.
,

,
.
, , .
,
. 2014 :
2014 = 2 19 53,
8 ( 1 2014).

1.
+ = 2014
.

2. a, b, c, d, e ( )
:
a bcd + e = 2014.

3. 2014
99?

4.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

2014.

5.
2014201420142014

() ; () .

6. 2014.
. .
?

7. S(n) n. n
2014 n + S(n).

8. 2014.
. ?

9. x, y, z
(x y)3 + (y z)3 + (z x)3 = 20132014?

5
 2014.
10. 2014,
. 2014. .

11. 439, 13
. 2014. .

12. 12
2 22222222222
2014.

13.


+
2 0 1 4

2013 20132013
14. : ?
2014 20142014
15. 2014
12 ?

16. 2014 .
?

17. 11572014 + 342014 ?

18. 12 + 22 + 32 + ... + 20142 .

6
19. 2014 .
7
20. x y x2 + 5y = 2013 2014?

21.
12014 + 22014 + 32014 + ... + 20142014.

22.
11 + 22 + 33 + ... + 20142014.

23. 82014.

24. 52014.

25.
xyz + xy + xz + yz + x + y + z = 2014.

6
 2014.
26. 201420142014
?

27.
1, 2, 3, 4, ..., 2013, 2014.

. 1.
?

28. 2014
2, 5, 8, 11, 14, ...

1.
a bcd + e = 2014,
a, b, c, d, bcd . 0 e 9,
2014 a bcd 2005. 11 :
3 669 + 7 = 2014; 3 670 + 4 = 2014; 3 671 + 1 = 2014;
4 502 + 6 = 2014; 4 503 + 2 = 2014; 5 401 + 9 = 2014; 5 402 + 4 = 2014;
6 335 + 4 = 2014; 7 287 + 5 = 2014; 8 251 + 6 = 2014; 9 223 + 7 = 2014.

2. :
3 670 + 4 = 2014; 4 502 + 6 = 2014; 4 503 + 2 = 2014;
5 401 + 9 = 2014; 8 251 + 6 = 2014.

3. n = 20142014...2014 2014
n . 7n,
4n 3n = n. 99
n 9 11, 99.

4. 9 8 7 (6 5) 4 3 + 2 1 = 2014.

5. () 4420142014; () 1010142014.

6. 2014.
2 19.
2006.
19 xy ,
(1900 + 10x + y) + (10 + x + y) = 2014,
. 11x + 2y = 104.
x = 8, y = 8. , 1988
.

7
 2014.
, 2014. 1988
2006. , 2006. , 1988.
18 .

7. 2014 = 2 19 53,
: n + S(n) = 2, n + S(n) = 19, n + S(n) = 53, n + S(n) = 38, n + S(n) = 106,
n + S(n) = 1007, n + S(n) = 2014.
1, 14, , 28,
89, 985 1003, 1988 2006.

8. .
10000 + 2014 A. 2014
. , 12014, 22014, 192014, 382014,
532014, 1062014, 11072014, 20142014.

9. . ,
3, 3 (
3).

10. :
2014, 21, 5, 25, 29, 85, 89, 145, 42, 20, 4, 16, 37, 58, 89, ...
89

89, 145, 42, 20, 4, 16, 37, 58.
2014 = 6 + 251 8, 2014.
, . 58.

11.
439, 208, 130, 52, 91, 130, ...
130, 130
52. 2013 3, 2014. 52.

12. :
2222 222 + 2 2 2 2 2 = 2014;
2222 222 + 22 2 2 2 = 2014.

13. = 6 + = 8. 1.
0 2,
= 8, = 0, :
6 6 6
6 6 0
+ 6 8 8
2 0 1 4

14.

8
 2014.
20132013 10001 2013 2013
= = ,
20142014 10001 2014 2014
.

15. . 214 = 2 19 53, 1 2014,

2 1007, 19 106, 38 53.
19 106 19,
11, 8, 3,
2 1. (

.)
38 53 38,
15, 8, 7
1. (
.)

(2014 505).

16. ( 2014
). .

17. .
(11571007)2 = 11572014 < 11572014 + 342014 < 11572014 + 4 11571007 + 4 = (11571007 + 2)2,
, ,
.
342014 = 11561007 < 4 11571007 + 4.

18. 3 671, 3
1 1343. , 3 2,
.

6
19. = 0, 8571428... 857142 6.
7
27. 2014 = 335 6 + 4, 335 27 +
8 + 5 + 7 + 1 = 9045 + 21 = 9066.

20. x2 0, 1, 4, 5, 6 9, 5y 0
5. x2 + 5y 0, 1, 4, 5, 6 9. ,
2013 2014 2, .

21. x2014 . 10 (
1, 2, ..., 9, 0),
1, 4, 9, 6, 5, 6, 9, 4, 1, 0,

9
 2014.
10 5.
2010 (= 201 10) 201 5, . 5.
0 (1 + 4 + 6 + 9 = 20),
5.

22. nn (n 1)
20:
1, 4, 7, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 9, 0, 1, 6, 3, 6, 5, 6, 7, 4, 9, 0.
2000 100
20 , 0. ,
14
, . 3.

23. 8n
20:
08, 64, 12, 96, 68, 44, 52, 16, 28, 24, 92, 36, 88, 04, 32, 56, 48, 84, 72, 76.
2014 = 100 20 + 14, 82014 814,
. 004.

24. 52014
4 ( n > 4):
5, 25, 125, 625, 3125, 5625, 8125, 0625, 3125, ...
52014 56, . 5625.

25. 1,
(x + 1)(y + 1)(z + 1) = 2015.
2015 = 5 13 31, (4, 12, 30),
(4, 30, 12), (12, 4, 30), (12, 30, 4), (30, 4, 12), (30, 12, 4).

26. 21, 9 3.
9
0, 1, 4 7. ,
{0, 1, 4, 7}
9 3.

27. x y |x y|
2x 2y, . . ,

2015 2014
= 2015 1007,
2
. . ,
. , ,
.

10

28.
10:
4, 5, 4, 1, 6, 9, 0, 9, 6, 1, 4, 5, ... (1)
(1) 5 ( 45),
2010 201 5, .
0. ,
4 + 5 + 4 + 1 4.

. 166 ( I )
I

,
. ,
, . :
5 , ,
, 3 , ,
.

, .
.
. : B = 14 T = 10 O = 17 : PUT NASTAVLJAJU ZAJEDNO

. 167 ( II )
II

, .


.
15 ,

15 . ,
50, ,
,
50 .
, .
.
. : T: 12 34 48 16 40 3 18 : 2

. 164
Program KonZad164;
Var k1,k2,d1,d2:integer;

11

Begin
readln(k1,k2);
readln(d1,d2);
if (k1<=20) and (k2<=20) then
writeln('Kracim putem')
else if (d1<=20) and (d2<=20) then
writeln('Duzim putem')
else writeln('Kracim putem');
End.
.
20, .
, ,
20, . ,
20, .
, V4, ,

. 165
Program KonZad165;
Var m,v,k,i,n,u:integer;
Begin
readln(u,n);
readln(m);
readln(k);
if (k<m) then begin
v:=m;
m:=k;
end
else v:=k;
for i:=3 to n do begin
readln(k);
if (k<m) then m:=k;
if (k>v) and (k+m<u) then v:=k;
end;
writeln(m,v)
End.
U N.
,
, .
a N-.
,
,
.
.
, VIII, ,

12


, .
.
, [ ] .

III

. . , .

1. :
305 369 350 320 300

35 10 8 40 61 5 150 2 123 3

2. , :

18cm 12cm
5cm 14dm

5cm 16dm 25cm

3. :
) 2h = _____min; ) 1kg = _____g; ) 3l = _____dl;
7min = _____s; 1t = _____kg; 5l = _____cl;
10 = _____h; 1000g = 1___; 1l 5dl = _____cl.

4. :
7 12 19 62 104 125
10 2
20 5
50 8

5. Koja :
) 25dm;
) 1m 2dm 3m 6dm;
) 32dm, 4m 1dm 3cm 247cm?

6. 2m 5dm, 120kg. 270cm 8

. , ?

13

7. 12 3 . 30 .
?

8. : 52 48
104 5 ?

9. 2dm 4cm.

1m.
D C
10. ABCD

8cm.
A B

11. 8 45l.
5hl?

12. 19 20 . 45 ,
1 35 ?

(15 )
1. :
) 300 2 = _____ [200 3 = _____];
) 70 6 = _____ [80 7 = _____];
) 86 9 = _____ [98 6 = _____];
) 73 10 = _____ [56 10 = _____];
) 32 3 = _____ [43 2 = _____];
) 127 5 = _____ [129 5 = _____].

2. 4 [6] 160 [130] .

) ?
) 1000 , ?
) 12
35 [25 ]?

(15 )

1. 160cm [180cm].

2. 5dm 8cm [6dm 7cm].

3. 2m 8cm [2m 4cm]. a a

[ ] , .

14

(10 )

1. :
) _____ . [ _____ .]
) _____ . [ _____ .]
) _____ . [ _____ .]

2. 16:40 [14:50]. :
) 30 ______. ) 25 ______.

3. 8 43 [ 9 39 ],
11 17 [ 13 27 ].
?

(10 )

1. : ) 3g; ) 3kg; ) 3t.
[ : ) 5g; ) 5kg; ) 5t.]
.

2. :
200g; 40kg; 2t; 350g; 1000g; 3kg [30kg; 250g; 4t; 5kg; 1000g; 400g.].

3. :
) 600g + 700g = _____g = ___kg _____g [500g + 900g = _____g = ___kg _____g];
) 3kg 320g + 4 kg 680g = ___kg _____g [2kg 530g + 5kg 470g = ___kg _____g];
) 2kg 540g = ____kg _____g [3kg 260g = ___kg _____g].

(10 )

1. :
) 3l = _____dl [7l = _____dl]; ) 65cl + _____cl = 1l [_____cl + 45 cl = 1l];
) 1l - _____ml = 250ml [1l ______ml = 750ml].

2. :
a) 670ml 7dl 6cl [4dl 5cl 540ml]; ) 5l 3dl 503cl [609cl 6l 9dl].

3. 1hl 17 [19] 5l
[4l]?

IV

N. .

1. :
) 2013 10; ) 1007 200; ) 38 53; ) 2 19 53.

15

2. :
) 2014 : 2; ) 201400 : 200; ) 1007 : 19; ) 5353 : 53.

3. ) 5cm.
) 2cm, 5cm 10cm.

4. ) 19 53 2 .
) 2014 19 2 .

5. :
) 1 234 53 + 17 1 234; ) 2 014 101 - 101 14;
) 1 380 : 345 + 2 070 : 345; ) 3 600 : 15 - 600 : 15.

6. , 16cm.

7. ( ) .
60cm.

8. .
53
77 99
19 1 919
2 014

9. 6975 .
?

10. 756 .
12 .
?

11. 3cm, 342cm2.

.

12. . 160cm2.
192cm2. .

20
N
1. :
) 3 547 30 [4 357 20]; ) 791 23 [765 32 ];
) 48 510 : 90 [83 760 : 30 ]; ) 1 818 : 18 [1 919 : 19].

16

2. :
) (896 832) : 32 [(884 832) : 26]; ) 896 832 : 32 [884 832 : 26].

3. 4140 [2820]
.
12 ?

25
.
1. 5cm [10cm].

2. 1cm, 3cm 4cm [1cm, 2cm 3cm].

3. 9cm2 [4cm2]. .

4. 8cm [12cm]. .

5. 45cm2 54cm2
[36cm2 63cm2] 9cm.

1. :
) 7367 200 [8 254 300]; ) 1638 42 [1579 24];
) 96300 : 900 [99600 : 600]; ) 4949 : 49 [5353 : 53].

2. : 848 + 56 342 [889 + 57 423].

3. 12 10200 .
13 [19 ] ?

4. 4cm, 5cm 20cm [5cm, 10cm 12cm].

5. 96cm2 [150cm2]. .

1. :
7 77 7 1 77 7
= ; = 7; = 7; = ; = .
7 1 7 77 11

2. :

17

1 3 2 7 1 1
) 0,2 = ; ) = 0,75; ) = 0, 4; ) = 0,07; ) 1 = 1,25; ) 2, 8 = 2 .
2 4 5 10 4 8
3. :
2 8 1 1
) 1+ 1; ) 2 1+ ; ) 4,5 + 0,5 5,5 0,5; ) 3,09 1,97 1,26 + 0,95.
5 5 2 3

4. ,
:
-
48 32 18 22
) ?
)
.
5. :
2 22
) 1; ) 2,7 2,8; ) 3,13 .
5 7
6. A, B, C 5. ?
?
= (12,08 4,8) (5,67 + 0,7); B = 10 (8,4 5,63) 2,23;
C = 15,4 (2,54 (10,9 9,01))
7. 120,5m, 99,2m.

. 72,8m 54,9m. ?

8. a, b, c d :
1 5 1 1 1 5 1 1
a = 3 + 2 1 ; b = 3 + 2 1 ;
3 6 2 6 3 6 2 6
c = 5 2 1 ; d = 5 2 + 1 + .
2 7 5 4 2 7 5 4
3 9 9 3 3 9 9 3
3
9. : ) 40;
5
) 18; ) 135.

10. 1260 . -
5
.
6
7
1350 , ?
9

18

4 1 7
11. a = 5, 4 ; b = 1 + 0, 8; c = 2 1,1 :
5 2 10
) a + b + c; ) a b c; ) (a b) (b c).

n 1
12. n p = .
2014 p
?

15
1 1
1. 28 [30] .
7 6
. ?

2. :
) m = _____ dm h = _____ min ; h = _____ min m = _____ cm .
1 1 1 1
)
2 2 4 4

4 7 8 5 2 11 5
3. : , , , , , , . [] 1.
5 3 8 2 9 7 8

4. : ) 0,6 [2,25]; ) 1,75 [0,2].

15
1. :
) + _____ = 1 + _____ = 1 ; ) 2 _____ = 1 2 _____ = 1 .
3 1 2 2
5 4 7 5

3 1 3 1 11 2 11 3
2. : ) + + ; ) .
4 8 8 4 15 3 12 4

3. : 2, 8 + 1
1 3
5 1,25 4 1 2,75 1,7 + 3 .
5 4 4 5

4. 1000 [1500] . , , :
427,3 [482,7 ] 125,8 [156,6 ]
470,3 [400,5 ]?

2 4 7 18 11 6 2 5 20 7
1. , , , , , , , ,
3 2 5 3 12 2 5 3 5 8
.

2. x .

19

1 x 1 x 21 3 32 4
) = = ; ) = = .
5 35 7 42 49 x 24 x

3. : 0,09; 0,5; 0,49; 0,079 [0,1; 0,078; 0,08; 0,09].

2 1
4. : 4 1 = 1, 47 + 2,3 3 1 1 2 = 0, 46 + 1, 04 .
3 6 6 3

5. 2000 . 1225,6
[1378,5] , 450,8 [800,8] .
) ?
) 50 ?

VI

.
.

4 5 9
1. : 0,5; ; ; ; 2,5?
3 8 2

2. :
1 1 1 1 3 2
) 2,4 + (10,2 5,4); ) 2,4 0,2 + 3,6; ) 2 + ; ) 2 3 ; ) 1 3 .
2 4 2 2 5 5

3. ABCD :
D
95

C
65 30
A
B

8 1 5 13
4. : ; ; 2,5; 1 ; ; 1,7.
5 2 8 5
) , ? ) 1?

5. x = 2,4 :
) 2 + x + 2 ; 2 + x .
1 3 3 1 2 2
) x + 2 + x ; ) 2 x
2 4 10 5 7 7

20


6. 2,1 3,42 1,2?

2,32 4 2?
D C
103
7.
ABCD .
23
A B

8. 6cm :
a) 5cm 60; ) 5cm 8cm.

3 2 1 2
9. ; ; 0, 4; 0, 6; 2; ; :
4 5 8 7
5 1
) ; ) ?
8 4

10. x : a) ||x 5| 4| = 1; b) ||x| 5 4| = 1.

11. ) 152.
.
) 264.
.

12. M, N, P, Q ABCD.
MNPQ .

15
1. 7,4 2,5 [5,8 2,3].

2. a) * >, < = .
1 8 11 9 1
0 * 0,6; 2 * 2,2; * ; * 2
2 7 7 4 5
0,2 * 0; 4,2 * 4, 02; 11 * 11 ; 2 1 * 13 .
7 8 4 5

3. :
4 11 5 3
a) 2 ; ) 2,25 + (1,4) [a) 1 + 2 ; ) 0,38 (1,4)].
5 10 7 14
3 1 3
4. 2 2 1,5 [ 1
8 6 2
0,1.].

21

3 3
5. . 2 ?
4 5
[ 0,8. 2,4 ?]

15
1. 22 [33].

2. 60 = 5,5cm.
[ 60, a = 4,5cm b = 6cm].

3. ABCD .

D C D C
68 32 73

138
A B A B

4. , B D [C]. C [D] []
ABCD AB .

D C

A B
B A

5. ?
) .
) .
) .
) .
) .
[) .
) .
) .
) .
) .]

1. :
) 1 1 + ;
1 2 1 2 1 5
) 0,45 + 2,2 2,15 [a) 4,12 (2,02 + 0,8); ) 1 + ].
4 5 2 3 2 6

22

2.
2 2
x + 2 x +
2 2
x
3 3
2 x
5 5 4 5 5 4
1
x = .
2
3. .
) + x = ; ) 2,2 (x + 0,5) = 1,3 [) 0,2 = a 0,5; ) + x 2 = 1 ].
1 3 3 1 1
2 8 4 2 8
4. = 6cm d = 7cm,
.
[ d = 7cm = 5cm,
.]

5. [] AB
ABCD 142 [34].
.

VII

1. a e :
) 3a + 3b = 6(a + b); ) 3a + 3b = 3(a + b);
) 3x2 + 3 = 3x(x + 1); ) 3x2 + 3 = 3(x2 + 1).

2. :
) x2 + ____ + 4 = (x + 2)2; ) (a 1)2 = a2 2a + ____; ) a2 ____ = (a + b)(a b).

3. :
) 25cm2; ) 8cm .

4. : ) 2,82 + 4,22 + 5,6 4,2; ) 4,082 5,922.

5. , ,
: 8a2 ___ + ___b2 = 2(___ + 3___)2.
?

6.
5 : 4 : 3. .

7.
24cm, 2 : 1.
.

23


8. ) : (x + y)2 + (x y)2 = 2(x2 + y2)
) 2x2 + 98 .

9. : ) (5 x)(x 2) + x(x 2) > 0; ) (5 + x)(x 2) > x(x + 2).

10. a b :
) a2 4a + 5 > 0; ) a2 + b2 2ab; ) (a + b)2 2(a2 + b2).

11. 5cm. 4cm2.

.

12. K1(O1, 1cm) K2(O2, 3cm)

. 2
! 1
-
O1O2 = 4cm.
15
1. : ) 4a3 + 8a [8a3 2a2]; ) b4 + 3b3 b2 [4b4 b3 + b2].

2. : x2 10x + 25 = 0 [a2 + 6a + 9 = 0].

3. :
) a2 81 [64 b2]; ) a2 81 + (a 9) [64 b2 (8 + b)].

15
1. CAD [ECF] ABCDEF [ ABCDEFGH] .

2. 8cm [10cm], 30 [
75]. .

3. K(, 8cm) .
[] .

1. :
) 4ab + 2b2 [3a2 6ab]; ) 9 + x2 6x [10a + 25 + a2]; ) 25 16a2 [4x2 9].

2. : x(x 2) + 3(x 2) = 0 [3(x + 2) x(x + 2) = 0].

3. k(, 5cm) [k(, 8cm)]. = 5cm [ = 8cm].

[] .

4. K1 36cm2, K2
2cm [] K1. []
K1 K2.

24

5. [] 100cm2
[ 32cm].

VIII

. .

1. A, B, C, D :
B C D E
x 2 0 2
y = x + 1 2 0
.

2. 14. 2013.
6 : 0 :
. , , :

6 : 0 . :
2013.
12
9
7
5
4
3
2
1
:
) 6 : 0 ,
) 6 : 0
.
) ?

3. :


4 6 3
8
18
12

25


4. 4x 3y + 12 = 0 A,
B. ABC C(1, 5).

5. 5,5, 5.
8,5.

6. 10cm,
30% . .

7. 6 3cm,
4cm. .

8. x 135
(0, 5). .

9. p 3x 2y + 1 = 0. A(2, 1)
q p. .

10. ABC 108 3cm2 .

A, B C
. ?

11. ABCDEFS S. ACS

9cm .

12. ABCDA1B1C1D1 a.
C1, .

1. y = x + 1 y = x 2
1 1
2 2
A(4, 3), B(2, 2), C(2, 1), D(4, 0) E(6, 3).

2. y = x + 5 y = x + 4 x , y .
5 4
4 3
, .

3. (a 1)x (2 a)y + 1 = 0 [(a 2)x (1 a)y + 1 = 0] 2x + 3y 3 = 0 [2x + 3y

2 = 0] a []. a?

4. 14, 15, 19, 23, 17,

19, 15, 23, 29, 17 14 [19, 14, 12, 21, 17, 19, 12, 23, 21, 17 14].

26


1. 2x y + 1 = 0 [3x + 1 y =
0] .

2. (a 3)x + 2y 5 = 0 [(2 a)x 3y + 1 = 0] a

[] x .

3. 384cm2 [360cm2],
144cm2 [100cm2]. .

4. 8cm [9cm],
10cm [15cm]. .

5. [-
-] 72 3cm2 [288cm2 ]. -
[] .

-
() 21. 26. 2013.
,
.
,
.
II, 159. .
, , 1390.
. ,
.
, .
,
1990. 380000, 2010. .
, ,
, .

, .
: , , ; , -
, ; , , ;
, , ; ,
, ; , , .

27

, ,
, .

, , 1. 199
- 2. 197
.
3. 168
4. 165
5. 122
6. 111
7. 94
8. 76
9. 58
10. 55
11. 32

. : : 33 40 (9 );
: 26 32 (16 ); : 14 25 (20 ).
:

34
32
31
30
25
16

28

.
, -

, .
2014. .

1. (a, b)
a3b 1 b3a + 1
.
a +1 b 1

2. < AC k
. D , BAD = CAO
k AD, . M, N P, ,
BE, OD AC, M, N P .

3. a b a b 1.
a + 2b + 2 b + 2a + 2 16.

a + 1 b + 1

4. n . , , :
- n ( );
- n ,
n( n 1)
(
2
);
- n .
:
) n = 5, ) n = 6, ) n = 8.
.
[ , n = 4, 1, 5, 7, 9.
, 2, 4, 6,
10, .]

1. a3b 1 = b(a3 + 1) (b + 1) a + 1 | a3 + 1, a + 1 | b + 1. ,
b3a + 1 = a(b3 1) + (a + 1) b 1 | b3 1, b 1 | a + 1. a + 1 | b + 1
b 1 | a + 1, b 1 | b + 1, b 1 | 2.
- b = 2, + 1 | b + 1 = 3, a = 2.
- b = 3, + 1 | b + 1 = 4, a = 1 a = 3.
, (a, b) {(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 3)}.

2. MOPD ,
M, N P.

29

BAD = CAO = 90 ABC, D -
. , BM = ME = MD MDE = MED = ACB.
MD AC D1. ADD1 = MDE = ACD,
MD . ,
, .
MD || OP (*).
, , = = DP, PDC =
ACB. PD D2. BDD2 = PDC = ACB = BED,
PD . ,
, OM || PD (**).
(*) (**) MOPD ,
M, N P .
A

k D1

N O
D
B C
D2

3.
a +1 2
+ 2.
2 a +1

2 a+3
a + 2b + + 2b ,
a +1 2
, ,
2 b+3
b + 2a + 2a + .
b +1 2
, - ab 1
(a + 4b + 3)(b + 4a + 3) ( ab + 4 ab + 3)2 64,
.

30

4. ) . a b c d e .
4 ,
4 a + b + c + d + e.
, a + b, , d + e,
c. c , c + e, e,
, d + e, d.
, a b.
) . a b c d e f .
5 ,
5 a + b + c + d + e + f.
, a + b, , e + f,
c + d.
, a + b, , d + f, a + b + c + d
+ e + f, c + e. b + d.
a + f b + e. ,
b + f, c + g d + e.
, b + d c + e 2 f
.
) . 1, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16 20
2, 4, 6, 10, 11, 15, 17 19
.

. -
.
.

III
2879. 5 900kg .
7 ?

2880. , , 500 .
, ?

IV
2881. 2014. 7,
2280. ?

2882. 2cm, 4cm, 6cm,

568cm2 . -
.

31

V
1 53 1 61
2883. ( n ) < < .
n 2014 n 2013

2884. () () 13
30 .

VI
2885. a, b, c, d a 1, 2b 3, 4c 5, 5d 6
(a 1)( 2b 3)( 4c 5)( 5d 6) = 6. a + b + c + d.

2886.
= 4cm ABC = 22 30.

VII
2887. 500
. 10 ?

2888. ,
. , 17. 1791. ,
:
17.5.1791.
) 20. ?
) ?
) ?

VIII
2889. 180 0, 1 8 , 6 9
, .
180?

2890. ABCD
. ABCD .
1, 2, 3, 4 .
ABCD T1T2T3T4?

2879 2890.
2879. 5 900kg , 3 1
900kg : 5 = 180kg , 1 180kg : 3 = 60kg .
7 7 2 60kg = 840kg .

2880. ,
,
. 8 500, 3 4 + 8 =
20 500 , 25g, 100g.

32

2881. b
b.

b b = 2014 b 2014 266 b

7
a+7
7, 2280 2014 = 266.
, 7 b = 266, b = 266 : 7, b = 38. = 2014 : 38, = 53.
53 38.

2882. , b c, .
2cm, 4cm, 6cm,
2 + 2 4 + 4 = 6 + 8.
4 + 6 4 + 6 = 10 + 24.
6 + 6 2 + 2 = 8 + 12.
2 (6 + 8 + 10 + 24 + 8 + 12) = 2 (24 + 44) = 48 + 88. , 48 + 88 = 568,
48 = 568 88, 48 = 480, = 480 : 48, = 10. 10cm.
12cm, 14cm 16cm. 1 = 6 102, 1 = 600cm2.
2 = 2 (12 14 + 12 16 + 14 16), 2 = 1168cm2.
64 4
4
6
c
6 4
6

24
2
62 2 2 b

53 53 1 61 61 1
2883. : = = , = = .
2014 2 19 53 2 19 2013 3 11 61 3 11
1 1 1 1 1 1
< < , < < . 33 < n <
2 19 n 3 11 38 n 33
1 1 1 1
38, : , , , .
34 35 36 37

2884. 60 () , .
360. 6
. () 30,
30. 13
12, 1 (13h). 30
30 6 = 180, 30 30 = 900 = 15. 13 30
180 30 15 = 135.

33

2885. a, b, c, d , a 1, 2b 3, 4c 5, 5d 6.
6 2, 3, 1, 1 2, 3, 1, 1.
(a 1)(2b 3)(4c 5)(5d 6) = 2 3 1 (1),
a 1 = 2, 2b 3 = 1, 4c 5 = 3, 5d 6 = 1 (1)
a, b, c, d . !
(1) a = 3, b = 2, c = 2, d = 1.
(a 1)(2b 3)(4c 5)(5d 6) = (2) (3) 1 (1),
a, b, c, d . !
, a + b + c + d = 3 + 2 + 2 + 1 = 8.
2886. (ACB = 90). ABC
, D BA = BD.
ABD ABD = 90 22 30 = 67 30 . ADB =
1
DAB = (180 67 30). ACD
2
: CD = c a = 4cm, DCA = 90, ADC =
1
ADB = (180 67 30). AD
2
CD ABD . !

C A

D
2887. , 20 x , x
20 x
500 . , = , 10000 = x2, . x =
x 500
100. , 20 100 , 10 50 .
2888. ) 20. 25 . 4
11 (, , , ) 2
10 (, ). ,
64 . 20. 25 64 = 1600
.
) 19.11.1999; ) 1.1.3111.

2889. 0, 1, 8, 6 9
. 0. , 4
, 5 . , 4 54 = 2500.

34

2890. P, Q, R, S AB, BC, CD, DA. PQRS
a
b = , a ABCD. T1
2
MAB, MT1 : MP = 2 : 3. MT2 : MQ = 2 : 3.
2 2 a a 2
1 2 =
T1T2 || PQ T1T2 : PQ = 2 : 3, . TT b= = .
3 3 2 3
T2T3, T3T4 41 QR, RS SP
2 2 a 2
. T1T2T3T4 c = .
3 3
2
a 2 2 2
c 2 = = a . ,
3 9
2
T1T2T3T4 ABCD.
9
R C
D
T3

T4 M T2
S Q

T1

A P B

-
. -
.

. 20
.

. .
48.

III
2437. , , 10 . ,
4 , .
?

2438. . ,
?

35


40g 250g

IV
2439. 2014. 14,
1482. ?

2440. 1cm, 2cm, 3cm,

262cm2 .
.

V
2441. p
33 2 38
< < .
2013 p 2014

2442. 14 20 .

VI
2443. a, b, c, d (a 2)(2b 3)(3c 4)(4d 5) = 6.
a + b + c + d.

2444.
+ = 7cm BAC = 22 30.

VII
2445. 45 20
. 75 ?

2446. ,
. , 8. 2026. ,
: 8.4.2026.
) 3. ?
) ?
) ?

VIII
2447. 180 0, 1 8 , 6 9
, .
180?

36

2448. ABC
. ABC . 1, 2, 3
.
123?
2425 2436
2425. , 245,
, 220, , 207, ,
228.
. 245 + 220 + 207 + 228 = 900,
. ,
900 : 3 = 300. 300 220 = 80, 300 228 = 72,
300 207 = 93, 300 245 = 55.
, III2, ,

2426. , D = 18cm, A = 26m, a BD

= 20cm. , N D, o
MN.
. BC CD.
BC = C AB = 26cm 18cm = 8cm CD = BD BC = 20cm 8cm =
12cm.
26cm
18cm N
A M B C D
20cm
K N D, = 18cm : 2 = 9cm, a CN = 12cm : 2 = 6cm.
N = MB + BC + CN = 9cm + 8cm + 6cm = 23cm.
, III, , ,

2427. 18 ?
. 6,
6. 8 8 8 8 = 4 096,
. 18 = 4 4 + 2, 18 :
8 
8 8 ...
8 = (8 8 8 8) (8 8 8 8) (8 8 8 8) (8 8 8 8) 8 8
18
= 4096 4096 4096 4096 64 = ...4
18 4.
, IV, ,

2428. 2014 0 1
?
. 0 1 , 20000014.
:
20000014 2014 = (20000000 + 14) (2000 + 14) = 20000000 2 000
= 2000 10000 2000 1 = 2000 104 2000 1

37

= 2000 (104 1) = 2000 9999 = 19998000.
2014 19998000 0 1
.
, IV1, ,

2429. 2014 : ) ; )
36.
. ) . x 2014 x 36 4
9. x 2014 x 4 . 4
4. , x {0, 4, 8}. x 2014 x 9
9, . x + 2 + 0 + 1 + 4 + x = 2x + 7 9.
= 1.
,
2014 36.
) . .
x 2014 y , ,
4 4, x + 2 + 0 + 1 + 4 + y = x + 7 + y 9.
y {0, 4, 8} x + y {2, 11}. = 0 2.
= 4 = 7. = 8 = 3. , , : 220140,
720144, 320148. 3 .
, V2, , ,

2430. 20cm 8cm.

, , -
() .
120cm.
. .
. , 20cm 8cm,
: 20cm
8
20cm cm, n -
n
. 8cm
20
8cm cm, m .
m
!

8cm
, n 2 20cm + n 2
=
n
120cm, n 40cm + 16cm = 120cm. n (

38

) n . ,
20cm
m 2 8cm + m 2 = 120cm, m 16cm + 40cm = 120cm,
m
m 16cm = 80cm m = 5. , 8cm
5. ( ) 8cm 4cm,
32cm2.
, V1, ,

2431. x y =
x + y |x y|. : (5) 7 = (5) + 7 |(5) 7| = 2 12 = 10.
12 y = 10.
. * 12 * y = 12 + y |12 y| = 10.
12 > 0, . < 12 |12 y| = 12 y, 12 + y |12 y| = 12 + y (12 y) =
12 + y 12 + y = 2y = 10, = 5. 12 < 0, > 12 |12 y| =
(12 y) = y 12, 12 + y |12 y| = 12 + y (y 12) = 12 + y y + 12 = 0 y + 24 =10
. = 12 . , 5.
, VI3, ,

2432.
52.
.
. BAC = S. 52
BSA CSA. !
C C

S
S

A B A B
3
BSA = 180 BAS SBA = 180 = 180 = 52,
2 2
= 85 20.
3
CSA ABS, CSA = + = =
2 2
52, = 34 40.
AOB = 180 94 40 145 20.
, VI1, , ,

2433.
. 100, 70, 50.
: ) ; )
.

39

.
, :
) 70 + 50 100 = 20; ) 50 + 100 70 = 80; ) 70 + 100 50 = 120.
, 120, 20.
, VII, ,

2434. 5 .
?
. BABABA = BA 10101 = BA 3 7 13 37 = BA 7 37 39, (BA 7) : 5
35 41. 41 7, BA = 25. 35, 37 39.
, VIIa, ,

2435. 11,
.
. 45,
. 11,
, 33 11. 33,
6, 39, 6.
11.
1023,
11. 1024, 1024375869.
, IX1, O , ,

2436. 4
?
. . abc . 4 abc = cba , 2. a =
1, cba , 4, 1. ,
= 2. c = 8 c = 9. c = 9, 4 9 = 36
2. , c = 8. b 2,
b = 0, b = 1 . , .
, VIII3, ,

, , .
. ,
. 48.

. 411 ( III )
10cm 15cm.
8cm.

. 412 ( IV )

.

40


. 413 ( V )
7 . 1kg,
3
kg.
4
?

. 414 ( VI )
.
, 2014. ?

. 415 ( VII )
,
. ,
.
, , .
, ,
.
. 2000
1000 .
?

. 416 ( VIII )
,
:
: ?
: . ?
:
.
: .
: .
: .
?

. 405 ( XLVIII-2)
. ,
. ,
, , ,
.

, III1, ,
, III3, ,
, II3, ,
, III1, ,
, III1, ,

41

. 406 ( XLVIII-2)
. 4 , 10
. 3
, 2 (2 3 + 2 2 = 10).
5 . 4 b 12m
5m. 20m. 4 .
12m
3 5m. 15m.
2
20m 15m = 300m . 12m 12m = 144m . 2
300m2 144m2 = 156m2.

, IV1, ,
, IV, ,
, IV4, ,
, IV2, ,
, IV3, ,

. 407 ( XLVIII-2)
. . 3
. 4. 4
4 4 4.
4, 12, 8, 13, 24, 14, 7, 5, 23 4 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 3, 1, 3.
4 2, . 14.

, V1, O ,
, V3, O ,
, V2, O ,
, V1, O ,
Nicholas Jankovic, IV (G4), KIS International School, Bankok, Tajland

. 408 ( XLVIII-2)
. a, b, c, d, e, f, g
.
a + b = 1, b + c = 2, c + d = 3, d + e = 4, e + f = 5, f + g = 6, g + a = 7. (*)
:
a + b + b + c + c + d + d + e + e + f + f + g + g + a = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7,
2(a + b + c + d + e + f + g) = 28 a + b + c + d + e + f + g = 14. ,
a + b, c + d, e + f 1, 3 5 ( (*))
1 + 3 + 5 + g = 14 g = 5. g = 5 (*) a = 2.
b = 1, c = 3, d = 0, e = 4, f = 1. ,
2, 1, 3, 0, 4, 1, 5.

, VI1, O ,
, VI, O ,
, VI3, ,
, VI3, ,
, VI3, O ,

42

. 409 ( XLVIII-2)
. : 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, ... : 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, ... 55
: 55 = 6
+ 21 + 28. , , .

, VII2, ,
, VII1, O ,
, VII3, O ,
, VII2, O ,
, VII1, O ,

. 410 ( XLVIII-2)
. 111 37, 444. 37
3.
3.
2013 3, B = 4...4 C = 11...1 ( 2013
) 37.
A = B 102016 + 4 X 1 102013 + C .
37, 37, 4 X 1 37.
4 37 407, 444 481.
. , X 8.

, VIII2, O ,
, VIII2, O ,
, VIII2, 14. ,
, VIII2, ,
, VIII4, O ,

( ,
) :
+ = .

E ( XLVIII-2)
6 + 99 + 6 = 111.

, IV2, O ,
, V1, O ,
, V3, O ,
, V2, O , ,
, III2, O ,

43

, IV, O ,
, VI2, O ,
, V1, ,
, VII1, O ,
, III4, O ,

71 ( XLVIII-2)
F

.
. .
ABED , ABC DEF D E
. C

, VI3, , B

40. , ,
. 15
, 22 , 23 .
, ,
.
?

39. 9 , 200
. 2
?
.
. 4,400kg
, 4,600kg . 4,400kg
, 2,200kg
. , , 200
, 2kg .

, 14/10, .
a : , ; , ;
, , ; , ;
, ; , ; , ;
, ; , ; , ;

44

, ; , ; , ;
, ; , ; , ;
-, ; , ; , ;
, .

40. 100 .
,
.
.
,
,
.
. 59 : 41 .
?

39. , ,
. 10 18,
20 12. 2013
.
. x, y,
y 1 1 x
x , y , , , , , x , y , ...
x x y y
6. 6
1. 10 ,
20 . ,
y2
= 18, xy = 12,
x
3 3 3 3
y = 12 18 = 2 3 = 6 , y = 6, x = 2.
2013 = 6 335 + 3, 2013
, . 2 6 3 = 36.

, O , .
a : ,
, ; , , ;
, O , ; ,
, ; , ,
; , , ;
Maja , , ;
, , ; ,
, ; ,
, .

45


:
- ?
:
- , ?
- ,
, .

, .
, .

.
, ,
! (I fell!).

.
, , .
.
, ,
.
.

, :

...
- ?
- .
.
.
, .
: .

46


1. .
( ) ,
. ,
. .

2. : , , , , ?

3. , ,
. .

?

1. 2 .

2. , 31. , 1. . , , .
30. , 11 , , . 31. 11 ,
, 31. , 12, 13 .

3. .

47


: .

matematickilist@yahoo.com ,
-
(Word 2003 LaTex) . -
a - -
. , , ,
, - ,
, , - .
, .
:
Subject- . 2143.
:
. 2143.
: :

To: matematickilist@yahoo.com

Subject: . 2143

, , ,
35/IV, .. 355
, , ,
11000
, .

20. 02. 2014.

,
,

,
( ,
, , , , ,
), : 3
, 2
1 .
.

48