N I PDF

ECONOMY
Dedicated
to
my beloved children
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 1
ECONOMY
=O^=@
\ sH [~ q^~ $^ ~H Ja#O^#. Q2 #`#
sH q^#O q[ ^# HHO ZH#q (~ 3) J<k JOîH è#^.
Q2~ 3 ZH#g H< 1 WO_ < ZH#qH KOk#k HQ, H< 2
Z..ZH#qH O|OkOz#k. #`# sH q^#O x~OK ~ O_= Q2
H=_O = 2008 [iy# Q2 ZH#q ~ (~ III)# ije
~o UqÔ Q L#n? J=Q# K H=K.
x*xH Q2 ~ 3 H< 1H KOk# WO_ < ZH#q | "Ò
q sx ZH<qH P# ~x |# ukHQ fHx
~OkOK_O [iyOk (6 x@ fH=_O [iyOk). ZH#q Ò
O~ J=Q# ~"O> =# Q P^~: 2008 Group II ZH#q ~ x
ij#. q s ZH<qH P# ~ O|OkOz# Q` `
ij# W\ =~ P# sH q^#O Z...Z.. "~ x~Oz#
ZH#qH P# ~ x ij#.
q^~ J=Q#H q ZH<qH P# ~ 15 O=`~
`x , Z...Z.. "~ x~Oz# qq^ sH O|OkOz
=~ 15 ZH<qH P# `x (2005 Q2, 2000
Q2, Q l>_, << Q l>_ "^# q) q^~ H~~O W=_O [iyOk.
=YOQ =}H H P^~OQ XHH x\ =MO, X< =~
P#~ a\OH, q^~ H H =iHx H a@ W=_O [iyOk. ~ 3H
g~ Kk" =}H H `@ D "\i _ O~O Q ^^_ Q ^x,
g q[xH =~O KQ ^x Pt. ....
g
z~Orq
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 2
ECONOMY
*fÔ =#"a=$k p ~R Lù

q+ zH
1. Q 2 2008 ZH#g Ò... XH J=Q#... 004
2. Q 2 2008 ~ J_y#
q=~}` =^< (D x\) .................... 006
3. *fÔ x~K#O ...................................... 013
4. *fÔ qq^ =# ................................. 017
5. ì PÔ .................................................. 023
6. *fÔ =kO ^` .............................. 026
7. *f^ x~}O =$k, ^~} ...................... 037
8. *fÔ JOK< .......................................... 044
9. *fÔ Q}OK@ Z^~ =,
=Y` ......................................................... 046
10. P^ KH "O ........................................ 049
11. =#"a=$k p ................................................ 055
12. PO^^ PiH == l.Z._..
qq^ ~OQ "\, xK"i Ò ..................... 064
13. H ~O\. ......................................................... 075
14. One word Questions (463) ........................................ 079
15. H (402) ............................................. 119
16. APPSC, UPSC Q` ` (176) ......... 153
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 3
ECONOMY
Q II 2008, ZH#g
`
O .... XH J=Q#
APPSC "~ x~Oz# Q 2 2008, ~ 3 ZH#g `x, |# ije U
JO Z= ^$+ iOKe? ~o Z\ LOk? U x\ #Oz Z= =z#q?
Q}OH Z\ K^" e? J< q+ O J=Q`= =Òk.
2008 Ò qq^ x@ #Oz =z# OY
qQO 1 ~`^ O }oH ~K# qQO 2 PO^ ^ PiH ==
~` PiH ==
1. ~` }oH 10 1. *fÔ, HDI, GSDP 19
2. PiH q^< 29 2. Z.. }oH 9
3. [=#~, [<
a\+ < =O 16 3. Z.. ==O 24
4. ^=OOHOQ ` qÒ 10 4. Z.. i= H~ ~OQO 12
5. =$k, Ja=$k, Q}OHGO 9 5. PDS, MSP, AP "~OQO 12
74 76
qQO 2 *fÔ, HDI J< JO WO_ < ZH#gH KOk#q. H|\, WO_ < ZH#g
#Oz 90 , Z.. ZH#g #Oz 60 J_Q_ O [iyOk.
Z.. ZH#g HO>, WO_ < ZH#g #Oz =z# Z= H+ O Q L#q. u x\
#Oz Fact based ` @ Concept based _ Z=Q< J_Q_ O [iyOk. Hx
ZH#gx `Q J^ #O K"~ =`" ["| > qÔ Q J_Q_ O [iyOk. Hx
L^~}Q fO>
Knowledge based Questions :
1. Zxq^= OK=~ }oH "^\# k U O=`~O ?

~`^ }oHO K~ < (1= x\ }oH)
2. ^~ ~ L i= nx O` O K|_#k (2= x\ PiH q^<)
3. 1853 ~`^ O "@" ^\ ~ }O ZH_#Oz ~OaOK|_Ok
(3= x\ a\+ < =O)
4. P~.a.S. ` Q=~~ Z=~ (4= x\ ^=O OHOQ)
5. 'Stages of Growth' J< ÔÒ Z=i` =__ LOk (5= x\ =$k Ja=$k)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 4
ECONOMY
6. Ò`= ~H=O^ "^\ iQ *f^x H Oz#^=~ (1= x\ *fÔ)

7. PO^ ^ "^\ OK=~ }oH JOK<"# @|_ =~ (2= x\ Z.. }oH)
8. 200506 PO^ ^ x H=` OY =~ (3= x\ Z.. ==O)
9. PO^ ^ iqH J=# H~~+< (APIIC) O z# iqH "_ OY =~
(4= x\ Z.. i=)
10. PO^ ^ ~RO QO_ *f ~ ^~ (5= x\ "~OQO)
Concept based Questions :
1. U OK=~ }oH PtOz# =$k ~ @ qOz# "= =$k ~ @ LO_#k (1= x\ }oH)
2. qxQ^~x qQ J< =# U q^#O L Q_ Òk (2= x\ PiH q^<)
3. ~`^ O a\+ i< HO D HOk"x Uk B^yH @|_ =i = "}[=#
(Industrial capital & colonial exploitation) QiH|_^ (3= x\ a\+ # =O)
4. W.J. = L^ H~O ` H ^= _=O_ g\ P^~_ #
(4= x\ ^=O OHOQ ^~ ~ x~ O)
5. Oè` =$k J< =# HH O|OkOz#k (5= x\ =$k Ja=$k)
6. Lù H~H ^$ *fùH< , =~\ ^~ *fù Z=Q LO_@ H~}O?
(1= x\ *fÔ)
7. PO^ ^ OK=~ }oH qÒ K=~ gx#O_ a O k (2= x\ Z.. }oH)
8. H<~ ~OQ~= Hq\ x"kH ^ #OQ HOk"x` O|OÔ He LOk
(3= x\ Z.. ==O)
9. PO^ ^ ~` HOk"x ^ # ` H^ (4= x\ Z.. i=)
10. W\= O=`~O PO^ ^ Ò |_\ @ # `# k. nx =M^ O
(5= x\ Z.. "~OQO)
H|\ WO_ < ZH#gx J^ #O K@_ Concepts Z= ^$+ i Facts QiOKH"e.

Facts Z.. ZH#g Yz`" # =K~x HiOz, factsx J=Q# K O@ Q~O KH"e.
2008 ~ XHH x\ #Oz =z# OY `~ "` ~ _ J^ qÔ Q ~"x ^ .
Jx x\ ^#` W J^ #O K e. D 10 x\ #`# PiH O~},
PiH q^<, a\+ < =O, ^~ ~ x~ O, ^"}O, =$k, Ja=$k, *fÔ,
O~} O\ JO Z=Q concept based H|\ "\ Z= ^$+ iOKe. =}H Text
H #, =QOQ J^ #O K# _ J=Q<` i # =^#O QiOKQ O.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 5
ECONOMY
APPSC (GROUP - II) 2008

PAPER III ECONOMY
*fÔ x\ #Oz J_y#

1. ~`^= Ò`= ~H=O^ "^\ iQ *f P^x HOz#^=~?
1. Z". Z<. ~ 2. q.H.P~.q. ~" 3. H.Z<. ~* 4. ^^ <~l
[ : 4
q=~} :
Ò`xH ~O =#Ô *f^x "^\ iQ Q}O z#"~ ^^ <~l. 186768
O=`~xH O|OkOz ~` *fÔ ~II 340 H@ Q#, [<# 17 H@=OkQ#, ì
PÔ ~II 20/ Q# JOK< "#.
<~l `~ "` qeO _w, +~+, HO|\, q.H.P~.q. ~", P~.. ^, "_ *+,
H, =Ys, + O\"~ *f, ì P^# JOK< "i .
Ò` ~ JOK< "^\ JOK<Q q.H.P~.q. ~" Qi JOK<# (193132
OIIxH) ~O\~. PiH ==# ~ O_ ~HQ (== ~OQO, H~~+< ~OQO) ql Oz "^\
^x Lù =kO û x, ~ O_=^x P^ =kO û x J=OaOK#.
2. Lù H~H ^$ *fùH<, =~\ ^~ *fù Z=Q LO_@ H~}O
1. ~H # 2. a_ 3. ~H # a_ 4. ~H # + a_
[ : 3
q=~} :
= LùH ^^_ Lù H~H# q, =, =^# O, ==# @HO, "`# O, =_,
~O u Ke ~ . W^ = LùH J =O. nx< Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fÔ
JO^~.
D Lù =xH =#"# ^~ qkOz = =# =~\ Jq` =K P^" =~\ ^~
PÔ.
J~` =xH =#"# ^~ qkOz J"@_ Ò *HO K Hx ZH * OHO, J=HO #
O\ ~H # qkOK#. nx= =~\ =^ ~ , =O HO> JkHO Q LO_#. D # PÔ
LùH~H K~^ . H|\ ~H # "~ LùH~H PÔ HO> =~\ ^~ PÔ Z=Q
LO_#.
Ò Hx O^~ == a_ W==K. nx= =~\ =^ ~ ` =Q LO_#. =~\
= ^~ a_ He`, Lù =O (Lù H~H " PÔ) =O k.
JO> Lù H~H ^$ PÔ` e#_, =~\ ^~ PÔ ~H # J^# OQ
LO@#q. =i a_ "Ò ` =Q LO@#q.
~H # #Oz a_ f" xH~ ~H # =K#. D xH~ ~H # =~\ ^~
PÔ Z=Q LO_#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 6
ECONOMY
3. *f PÔ Z= "`= U ~OQ= #O_ =#k

1. `~OQO 2. "@~OQO 3. xH~OQO 4. "\ UnH^
[ : 2
q=~} :
[=#~O Q PiH= =# `, " \ ~OQQ ql ~ . }oH ~OaOK <\H l._..
`~OQO "\ H =O 8% LO_k. qye# 92% " @ ~OQx^.
}oH ~OaOz# `~ "` ` <=, `~OQ O qi OK@= l._.. `~OQ
"\ ~Q` 199394 <\H 26%H KiOk.
1991 #`# PiH O~} " \# `~ "`, K `~OQ O J\H # ~=_O=
Ò `# @|_ LO iOKH#@ ~OaOz, `xH H \~Oz# ~OQ# " @ ~OQxH
J#=uOK#. e ÒQ 200506 <\H l._.. `~OQO "\ 23%H `yO k.
<\ H *fÔ J`kH "\ " @ ~OQO #OK (77%) =O k.
4. ~` *f JÔ ^qH ~OQ=H =z` `= ZO`?
1. 40 2. 50 3. 60 4. 70
[ : 1 (i # =^#O 20%)
q=~} :
~` *fÔ 195051 ^q H~O QO "\ 57% LO_k. 198081 <\H `Q ` =z
40%H KiOk.
200607 <\H ^q H~O QO "\ =iO`Q
`Q K 20%H KiOk.
Wz# P< 20% ^ . J~` Hx+ `x zOK OY 40% H|\ nx< Z#H"e.
5. D HOk "\ Uk |kb KeO ?
1. OH ^` KeO 2. a_ 3. QO@ 4. =$^ ##
[ : 4
q=~} :
Z@=O\ L`^H H~H# #O_ UHH O Q O^ u # |kb KeO JO^~.
JO> ` LùH ZO\ H~= JOkOK O_ O^ u .
=$^ OK# , x~^Q $ u |=`, q^~ HK ~+ , ~}
~ HK O, i>~
J~#"iHK OK# , =~^ O\ H$ u " s ` Oq Oz#_ K O, Ò_ =~_HK
H\ =h, "^Q#q |kb KeO L^~}.
|kb KeO Wz#"i#Oz HiOK"iH ^= "O LO@OkQh, ^xH |^Q, HiOK
"i#Oz Wz#"iH "= (=, H~H) "O LO_^ .
6. ^=H *fù, ^j LùH< JkH=. XH"
(GNP is greater than GDP if the country's)
1. ZQ=`# qOz kQ=` L#K 2. ^~ H}
3. kQ=`# qOz ZQ=`#K 4. xH~ q^j PÔ ^<`HOQ L#K
[ : 4
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 7
ECONOMY
q=~} :
^j Lù (GDP)H, *fù (GNP)H `_ xH~ q^jH~H PÔ (NFIA). Wk (GNP)
He LO_#.
GNP = GDP + NFIA
GDP = GNP - NFIA
GDP, GNP Uk Z= LO@O^<k NFIA P^~_ #.
xH~ q^jH~H PÔ ^< `H" ` GNP Z= LO@Ok (xH~ q^j H~H PÔ GNP He
LO@Ok H|\)
xH~ q^j H~H PÔ ~}`H" ` GDP Z= LO@Ok.
xH~ q^j H~H PÔ XH^ Lù H~H# q^ "_O> =K u O q^j H~H#
P Ô "_O> KeO K u O.
7. ~` *fÔ nx =` HO|_#
1. P^ û 2. Lù û 3. = û 4. Jx ^`
[ : 4
q=~} :
*f^x Q}O KO^ (1) Lù =kO û (2) P^ =kO û
(3) = =kO û Jx =_ ^` Q=.
~`^ O ^q H~O QO, il+~ =#HiOQ ~OQO, x~}~OQO (@}
) Lù =kO û x
J=Oa<~. 1
J< il+~ =#HiOQ, q^` Q h\~ ~ ,2 `$f ~OQ P^ =kO û x J=Oa < ~.
x~}~OQO (Qg}) = =kO û x J=Oa < ~. JO> ~`^ O *f^ Q}#
=_ ^` # "_K<~.
8. ~` ^j Lù (l._..)H Ò = ~OQO =~ "\ =~
1. 70% qOz 2. 50% qOz 3. 25% 4. 30%
[ : 2
q=~} :
195051 GDP =~OQO JOkOK "\ =~ 30%. }oH J=i# `~ "` GDP
==~OQO "\ `Q K , "~OQO "\ ~Q` 198081 <\ 38%H KiOk.
O~} `~ "` "~OQO "\ "QO Q ~Q` 200607 <\H 55%H KiOk. JO> 50%Q
LOk. ( = =O` Q )
9. Q## HOk "x iQ}~
1. ==~OQO 2. iqH ~OQO 3. `$f ~OQO 4. J=# H~ ~OQO
[ : 2
q=~} :
C.S.O ~` PiH= =# ^q H, kf, `$f ~OQQ ql Oz#k. ^q H~O QO
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 8
ECONOMY
1) ==O 2) J@g O^ 3) =` O^ 4) Q# `=HO J< L~O QO\~.

kf ~OQO 1) =#HiOQ 2) q^`, Q, h\ ~ ~ 3) x~}O J< L~O QO\~.
^q H ~OQO Q Q# `=Hx kf ~OQxH Ki ''i= ~OQO =O k.
H|\ Q# J<q iqH ~OQO QO.
10. =#= Ja=$k zH JO= Hxk?
1. ~`^= P O=` 2. JH~` ~@ =i ~ Q@ O=`~
3. t=~} ~@ 4. P^=
[ : 3
q=~} :
1990 #Oz UNDP "~ =#"a=$k z (HDI)x xi< ~. nx 3 JO fO@<~.
1) P~ O (Life expectance at birth)
2) JH~ ` (Adult literacy Rate + combined primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrolment ratio)
3) ì GDP (PPP US $)
1979 "i _q_" i P.Q.L.I J< px (1) P~ O (2) t =~}~ @ (3) JH~ ` J<
=_ O H JO` ~OkOK#.
Hx UNDP "~ t=~}~ @# q_z\, ì PÔ J< JOx Ki O H { PiH JO
O` HDIx ~OkOK#.
11. ~` *f =#= Ja=$k x"kH 2001 H~O, PO^^ H =#= Ja=$k zH q=
1. ~`^xH =#O 2. ~`^
1 q=H< JkHO
4
3. ~`^ q=H< `= 4. ~` HDI zH q= = QO
[ : 3
q=~} :
*f =#"a=$k x"kH (2001)#, =#Ô }oH O O ~OkOz#k. UNDP "~ f#
=_ JO< fHx 15 ~ HDIx ~OkOK#.
1981, 1991, 2001 H HDIx ~OkOK#. *f =#"a=$k p q= 1981 0.302,
1991 0.381, 2001 0.472Q JOK< "#.
2001 O=`~xH HDI~OH "^\ #O H ~ (0.638 pq=) O^Q, z=i#O c~ (0.367)
Ok#k.
PO^ ^ 0.416 p q=` 2001 15 ~# 10= #O LOk. Wk *f =#"a=$k
p q= (0.472) HO> ` =.
12. UNDP "~ xi# =#= Ja=$k zH ì P^x HxH nxx fO\~
1. NNP per capita 2. GDP per capita
3. GDP per capita US $ in terms of puchasing power parity
4. GDP per capita US $ at Market Exchange Rate
[ : 3
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 9
ECONOMY
q=~} :
UNDP "~ ~OkOz# =#"a=$k p P~ O, JH~ `` @ ì PÔ XH\ .
'ì GDPx ì PÔQ fH<#. D ì GDPx ~ O_ ~HQ K =K.
Z) =~\ qx= ~ @ ì GDP
a) H#Q H =#` (PPP purchasing power parity) ~O Q ì GDP.
UNDP "~ ~ O_=^xx JO> PPP Q ì GDPx fO@<~. nxx _ J"iH _~
(US $) =H
~ ~ .
13. ^ ^xH ux^= =Ok.
1. P^ KH " ~Q^ (An injection in the circular flow of income)
2. <`HOQ# =i |}`HOQ# (both a leakage and injection)
3. KH "= `~Q^ (a leakage in the circular flow of income)
4. q UnH^ (None of the above)
[ : 3
q=~} :
PiH= = ~ O_ ~OQ#_ @O|~OQO, O ~OQO Jx LO\~. @O|~OQO `# =^# #
Lù H~H# O ~OQxH JOkOK#. JO> O Lù H~H u KeO K#. O
Lù H~H O` = = ` ~K @O JOkOK#. JO> @O = =
=O K #.
D qÔ Q O #Oz @O| ~OQxH (H~H u ~O), @O #Oz O ~OQxH
(= = = ~O) x~O`~O PÔ =OK_x P^ KH "O JO^~.
@O, O `= =z# PÔ "`x =O K# _ D P^ KH "O x~O`~O
[~Q#. XH" @OQx, O Qx =z# PÔ HO` ^K Jq K =O
`y =@=, P ^ "~ P^ "O `y =# (Leakage in the circular flow of income).
14. ~O_ ~OQ #=< =Ò LO__xH H=e# i`
1. q+ PÔ = q+ =O 2. ^ = @|_
3. ZQ=` = kQ=` 4. # = ` =O
[ : 2
q=~} :
~ O_ ~OQ #=< Q$ / @O| ~OQO, O / "~ ~OQ=O_#. O ~OQ =O Q$
~OQxH PÔ HQ, Q$ ~OQ =O O ~OQxH PÔQ " # .
D ~ O_O\ U ~OQ" < (^ ~ O_ ~OQ) ^ K# _ P "~ =O `y, P^ "O
`Q # . JO> ^ P^ "x `yO K#. JO^K ^# P^ "xH zÔ (Leakage)
Q q~ .
^ OHOQ, q` O ^~ =^# =~\H "t OK#. g\#Oz ~} O^@^~
O @|_ _`~. @|_ _ =" JO> @|_ = P^ "O ~Q#. JO^K
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 10
ECONOMY
@|_x Injection in circular flow of Income Q q~ .

~ O_ ~OQ #=< =Ò LO_O> ^ (Leakage), @|_ (Injection) =#OQ LO_e.
15. W\= O=`~O PO^^ =$k~@ =~
1. 2. 3. 4.
[ : 4
q=~} :
~RO 1980 =~ =$k~ @ ` =Q (=~ 3%) LO_k. 1980 `~ "` =$k ~ @ ~Q` =zOk.
9= }oH (19972002) 5.59% =$k ~ @ #"^ K HQ, 10= }oH 8.33% =$k~ @ #"^
KOk.
~ ^~ PO^ ^ GSDP =$k ~ @
200304 9.35%
200405 8.15%
200506 10.24%
200607(R) 11.16%
200708(Q) 10.62%
200809(UA) 5.53%
16. PO^^ ~R P^x JOK< ""~
1. ~R }oH ~ 2. J~Q}OH _~% 1 3. ^# q` H~î
H%~1@ 4. HO^Q}OH Y
2731
[ : 2 22
q=~} :
Ô *f^x H O^ Q}OHO (C.S.O) JOK< " #.
~RO ~^x PiH Q}OH _~ H~ @ (D.E.S Directorate of Economics & Statistics) "~ JOK<
" ^~.
17. PO^^ 200607 O=`~O ` ^~ ì PÔ =~
1. ~II 30,000 2. ~II 25,000 3. ~II 40,000 4. ~II 20,000
[ : 1
q=~} :
~R ì P^x ` ^~ #, ~ ^~ # JOK< "~ .
200607 ~R ì PÔ ` ^~ ~II 30,000 ^\Ok.
OII ` ^~ ì PÔ ~ ^~ ì PÔ
200506 26,662 21,728
200607 (R) 30,439 23,898
200708 (Q) 35,864 26,195
200809 (UA) 39,597 26,983
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 11
ECONOMY
18. PO^^ ~R P^x JOK< "_xH \# û

Z. Lù û a. L`^H û . = û _. P^ û
1. Z =i a i J~#k 2. Z, a =i i J~#k
3. =i _ i J~#k 4. Jh i J~#"
[ : 4
q=~} :
*f ~= ~RO _ =_ ^` ^~ ~^x Q} ~ . PO^ ^ GSDP =kO
O^~ O Q PiH ==# 9 ^ # ~OQQ 17 L~O QQ ql Ozi.
gx 6 L~O Q Lù =kO û x (^q H, =#HiOQ il+~ )
1 L~O QO = =kO û x (x~}O)
10 L~O Q P^ =kO û x (qye# ~OQ) J=Oa < ~.
19. ~ ^~ GDP, PO^^ H GSDP# JOK< "_xH ` HO iQ}OK P^~O
1. 199091 2. 199394 3. 19992000 4. 200001
[ : 3
q=~} :
Ô GDPx, ~RO GSDPx ~ ^~ Q}O KO^ XH P^~ O=`~x fO@<~.
` O D ~ O_O\h Q}O KO^ 19992000 O=`~x Base yearQ fO@<~.
194849, 196061, 197071, 198081, 199394, 19992000 O=`~#
W\=~ f<~.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 12
ECONOMY
*fÔ (NATIONAL INCOME)

1. =Y"# ^
Normal Residents : XH^ O x=t, "i PiH PH P Ô < LO> "ix Normal Residents
JO^~. giK LùK |_# JOu= = =< *fù JO^~.
(Normal Residents are "Those persons who ordinarily resides in a country and whose economic interests lie in
that country". National income is defined as the value of final goods and services produced by the normal residents
of a country.)
Domestic Territory XH ^ QoH ^ ~[H i^ # `#. q^j ~~, JO`~f
:
O nx#Oz q#~OK|_`~. ^ QoH i^ [iQ Lù
'^j Lù Q =|_#.
Stock and Flow variables : x (Stock), "O (Flow) =^ `_ LOk. Stock J< =# XH xi+
HxH KOk#k. Wk Point of Time x zOK#. Flow J<k xq` HxH
KOk#k. Wk Period of Time x zOK#.
L^: 2009 =i 31 <\H ~`[ < J<k Stock HQ, 2008 09 =^ [#< OY Flow x `#.
2009 _O|~ 31 <\H qY@OQ "Ò WO_ Stock variable HQ, 200809 =^ xi`" # WO_ Flow
variable Q =|_#.
J\Q O^ Stock HQ *f PÔ Flow.
2009 =i 31 <\H ^ "Ò Stock HQ, < < K ^ Flow.
Stock variable Flow variable
O^ PÔ
[< [#< OY
^ (Savings) <i ^ (Saving)
"Ò ^=
<i =O
"Ò JC JC =_
=^ O`~ == : Lù H x W`~ == LùH ^^_ == # =^ O`~
== O^~. g\x Lù^~ L y~ . *f^ Q}# =^ O`~
= q=# H OK~^.
JOu= == : =#= H~# ` HO Q O`$ ~ q. J#Q JOu= L Q ^~ (Final
Users) J" == # JOu= == O^~. JOu= L Q^~
qxQ^~ H=K ^ Lù^~ H=K.
xH~ ~H # : ~H ##Oz a_ q#~ =K^ xH~ ~H #
Net Indirect Taxes = Indirect Taxes Subsidies.
~H # : = = qkOK #. ~H # ~h W`~ H |kb K =K.
a_ : Ò Lù O HK PiH O. nx= Lù =O HO> ` = ^~
qxQ^~ == # JOkOK=K.
GDP Gap (JO`~O
) : PiH == =#~# O~O Q L yOz Lù K Q Qi+ LùH
"= OQ K# LùH =^ `_ GDP JO`~O .
Green GDP : ~=~} #xH GDP x ~ @ K ^xx Green GDP JO\~.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 13
ECONOMY
q= PÔ :
H~~\ O HO_ L#_ O` "~O K"~ XHi `= O "<[~Q `" xK =K.
`# @O| < P O xK~OK=K. "<[~Q K =K rÒ, J^ @O|
KeO K=# r`, "`< # He q= P^=x ~ .
*fÔ x~K<: ''XH Ô , xs`H O ^~} x"t`K (Normal Residents) Lù K |_#
JOu= = = =~\ q" *fÔ. Wk Ô Qh, Ô "Qh Lù H|_=K.
Value of all final goods and services produced by the residents of a country, whether operating within the domestic
territory of the country or outside, in a year.
Wk XH O=`~O [iy# Lù< `Òk. Hx =O^ O. [iy# Lùx `^.
Q x~K#O : ^=O` H=_xH g# , q^#Oz =K PÔ`
O xH O K P^" *fÔ.
+ ~ x~K#O : `k qxQ^~ uH ^ =#= i~ #Oz O^ =
=^" *fÔ.
=~ x~K#O : XH Ô =, =^< x L yOz, [=#~ O`
u O=`~O LùK uH, JuH = =` _#
xH~ = = "`" P^ "q H xH~ "iH PÔ.
= < *\ x~K#O : Ô x L`^H =#~ ^~ [x`" , U\ `k qxQ^~#
K~ = = "Ò xH~ q=# ^ =^# ~tH [`K |_
xH~ q=# *fÔ JO^~.
National Income Committee (NIC) : XH xs` HO XH == # ~ O_~ q= H@ O_
*Q` _ ` ` ~ # Jx == q=# JOK<" Jk
*fÔ.
Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) : XH O=`~ HO "`< @HO, =_, ~O XH^
x"t` (Normal Residents) $+O K Lù H~H PÔ#
*fÔ JO^~.
*f^xH O|OkOz Hx ^ =^ `_ (Basic Distinctions):
*f^xH O|OkOz qq^ =# `H<=O^, Hx =Y"# ^ J~O, "x=^ O|OÔ
`H"e LOk.
1. , xH~ L`` (Gross product (Vs) Net product):
Lù H x HO`HO@ x~@OHOQ Lùx JOkOK "\x ~ = ^# O JO^~. L^:
O`, = <, iH~.
=^# == # (~ = ^# O) O`, ZH" O\, Hs aeOQ Lù H <@ _
J~Q, `~ Q^ (Weat and Tear) Qi JQ#. nx< `~ Q^ (Depreciation) JO^~.
JO> ~ = ^# qxQx (Consumption of Fixed capital) `~ Q^ JO^~.
`~ Q^ He L#^ ^, q#~OK|_ L#^ J<^xx |\ Lù xH~ Lù=^ `_
Q=xOK=K.
`~ Q^` He Lùx H Lù. `~ Q^# q#~Oz Lùx H xH~ Lù.
Lù xH~ Lù { `~ Q^
xH~ Lù Lù `~ Q^
`~ Q^ Lù xH~ Lù
`~ Q^ ~ = ^# qxQO (CFC)
@|_H, xH~ @|_H `_ `~ Q^. Wk @|_ He LO_#. H|\ `~ Q^ f"
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 14
ECONOMY
xH~ @|_ =K#.

@|_ P^~OQ Ô Lù H , Jk Lù.
xH~ @|_ P^~OQ Ô Lù H Jk xH~ Lù.
2. ^j, *f L`` (Domestic Vs National Product):
XH ^ QoH i^ Lù [~Q`#^? ^, XH" *fK (Normal Residents) Lù
K |_`#^? J< ^x P^~_ ^j, *f L`` # K =K.
XH ^ QoH i^ (Domestic Territory) [iQ Lùx ^j Lù JO^~. XH ^ QoH
OÒ [iy# D Lù ^jKQx, q^jKQx K |_=K. JO> Wk O`xH ^#`
WK#.
L^: [< KOk# AH H~ HOh WO_ H~# Lù K, Jk ~` QoH i^ Lù [iyOk
H|\ ^x ^j Lù K`~. J\Q =#^xH KOk# \\"~ =+ << H~# LùK
Jk Ô " Lù [iyOk H|\ ^xx ^j Lù K~ .
XH O=`~ HO XH^ ~K (Normal Residents of a country) K |_# JOu= = = q"
*fù. D Lù P ^ QoH i^ Qx, Ô "Qx [~Q= K. JO> nx ^ xH<,
P ^ ~ ^#` LO@Ok.
L^: [<"i AH HOh WO_ H~# LùK , ^x q= [< ^xH KOê. ZO^H#Q Wk [<
=^# O =K PÔ. J\Q =#^xH KOk# \\ "~ =+ << H~# LùK P Lù
q= ~fK K |_Ok H|\ ~`^ xH KOê. << H~ Lù q=# Ki, lH H~ Lù
q=# f" =K^ *fù.
~`^ Lù H~H# q^ L y =K PÔ #Oz, q^j LùH~H ~`^ O
qxy KeO Ke# =O f" =K^ xH~ q^j H~H PÔ NFIA (Net Factor Income from Abroad).
NFIA = q^j#O_ =K H~H PÔ (R) - q^ KeO K H~H =O (P)
NFIA = Received Income (R) Payment Income (P)
JO> ^j Lù, *f Lù `_ xH~ q^j H~H PÔ. ^j LùH NFIA Ki *fù
=K#.
*f Lù ^j Lù + NFIA
^j Lù *f Lù NFIA
NFIA *f Lù ^j Lù
NFIA = RP
^j, *f L`` Uk Z= LO@Ok J<k NFIA P^~_ #.
NFIA q= ^< `H" ` (R > P), *fù Z=Q LO_#.
NFIA q= ~}`H" ` (R < P), ^j Lù Z=Q LO_#.
NFIA q= #"` (R = P), ^j, *f L`` =#OQ LO_#.
3. =~\ ^~ , Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ (Market Prices Versus Factor cost):
xH~ ~H # He L#"? ^, q#~OK|_ L#" J<^x|\ =~\ ^~ LùH, Lù
H~H ^$ P^xH =^ `_ K =K.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 15
ECONOMY
q, =, =^# O, ==# J< Lù H~H O` = Lù [~Q#. D Lù H~H

@HO, "`# O, =_, ~O u KeO K|_#. W^ LùH J =O. nx< Lù H~H
Ys^ ^$ (Lù) P^=O^~.
D Lù H~H ` ~K# Lùx =~\ ^~ qxQ^~ Jq#_, =K P^" =~\
^~ PÔ.
Lù =xH =#"# ^~ qkOz =~\ == J"@_ Ò ZH * OHO, J=H #,
O\ ~H # qkOK=K. nx= =~\ =^ ~ , ^x Lù =O HO> Z=Q LO_#. D
#"~ PÔ Lù H~H K~ O_ `xH K~ #. H|\ ~H #"~ LùH~H PÔ
HO>, =~\ ^~ PÔ Z=Q LO_#.
JO> # Lù H~H PÔ QOH^.
=~\ ^~ PÔxOz ~H # f" LùH~H aOK PÔ =O k.
Hx O^~ Ò == a_ W==K. nx= =~\ =^ ~ ` =Q LO_#. =~\
=^ ~ a_ He`, Lù =O (Lù H~H " PÔ) =O k.
JO> Lù H~H ^$ PÔ` e#_, =~\ ^~ PÔ ~H # J^#OQ LO@#q
=i a_ "Ò ` =Q LO@#q.
~H # #O_ a_ f" xH~ ~H # =K#. D xH~ ~H # "~ PÔ Lù
H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔHO> =~\ ^~ PÔ Z=Q LO_#.
LùH~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ =~\ ^~ PÔ ~H # { a_
=~\ ^~ PÔ Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ { ~H # a_
Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ =~\ ^~ PÔ xH~ ~ H #
=~\ ^~ PÔ Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ { xH~ ~H #
xH~ ~H # =~\ ^~ PÔ Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ
xH~ ~H # ~H # a_
4. <==` , "= P^ (Nominal Vs Real Incomes):
` O=`~ ^~ P^x H ^xx ` ^~ PÔ ^ <==` ^ ^= PÔ
JO^~.
L^: 200910 O=`~ *f^x 200910 O. ^~ H OK@.
J~` HO`HOQ (over a period of time) ^ *f P^x iO^ ` ^~ *f^
JOK< L Q_ = . ZO^=##Q Lù ~Q O_< ^~ ~Q^= *fÔ iy#@
H#_=K.
~ ^~ *f^x H ^xx "= PÔ JO^~. XH O=`~x P^~ O=`~O (Base
year)Q fHx, P O=`~ ^~ P^x H J^ ~ ^~ PÔ. L^: =#Ô W\=~
194849, 196061, 197071, 198081, 199394, 19992000 =i 20042005 O=`~#
P^~ O=`~Q fHxi.
` ^~ P^x Q}O z#\H, ^xx ~ ^ ~ H =~=K. nxH Price deflator x "_`~.
(Deflator is a statistical technique to neutralise the effect of changes in prices over a period of time)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 16
ECONOMY
` ^~ PÔ
~ ^~ PÔ X 100
^~ p
L^: 200809 ^~ PÔ 18,00,000 H@. ^~ p 200 J~` ~ ^~ PÔ ZO`?
18,00,000
~ ^~ PÔ X 100 9,00,000
200
` ^~ PÔ Q} <==` PÔ
~ ^~ PÔ Q} "= PÔ
` ^~ PÔ
~ ^~ PÔ X 100
^~ p
=Y"# `_:
1) , xH~ Lù =^ `_ `~ Q^
2) ^j, *f Lù =^ `_ xH~ q^j H~H PÔ (NFIA)
3) =~\ ^~ , Lù H~H Ys^ =^ `_ xH~ ~H #
4) <==` , "= PÔ =^ `_ =#O fH< ^~
*f^ =#:
, xH~ Lù, ^j, *f L`` O` PiH" ` 4 ~H *f^ =# =H i i.
1) Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
2) Gross National Product (GNP)
3) Net Domestic Product (NDP)
4) Net National Product (NNP)
u =## =~ =~\ ^~ #, Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ Q} ~ . J\O@_ "Ò 8 =#
=~.
1) =~\ ^~ ^jù (GDP ) MP
2) =~\ ^~ *fù (GNP ) MP
3) =~\ ^~ xH~ ^jù (NDP ) MP
4) =~\ ^~ xH~ *fù (NNP ) MP
5) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ ^jù (GDP ) FC
6) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fù (GNP ) FC
7) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ ^jù (NDP ) FC
8) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù (NNP ) FC
1. ^j Lù (=~\ ^~ ) GDP : MP
XH O=`~ HO XH^ QoH i^ [iQ JOu= = =# =~\ ^~ K z =K^

=~\ ^~ ^jù.
nx J#Q `~ Q^# He Lù q=# KC @.
^j J#Q ^ QoH i^ P ^jKQx, q^jKQx K |_ Lù.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 17
ECONOMY
Lù J#Q JOu= = =. nx =^ O`~ == Lù fH~^.

=~\ ^~ J#Q ~H # He, a_ q#~Oz LO_ ^~ .
GDP H O|OkOz =MO:
MP
1) GDP J<k "=#. Wk XH O=`~O [iQ Lù. =O^ O=`~ Lùx `^ .

2) GDP JO> Value of output H^. nx#Oz =^ O`~ qxQO f"
MP
e. J#Q Wk sum total of
value added =`" .
3) GDP |kb KeO , Capital gains, Financial transactions K@= u~Y ^=O q#~OKe.
MP
4) GDP = ^~ X JOu= = = i=}O

MP
5) ~ O_~ H O =# x"iOKO^ JOu= = = fH"e.

6) GDP J<k ^j QxH KOk#k. H|\ xH~ q^j H~H PÔ (NFIA) q#~OKe.
MP
GDPMP = Valve of output in Domestic Territory Value of Intermediate consomption

(or)
GDPMP = Sum total of Value Added
2) *fù (=~\ ^~ ) GNP :

MP
XH O=`~ HO P^ *fK (Normal Residents of a Country) Lù K |_# JOu= =

= =~\ q=# =~\ ^~ *fù JO^~.
GDPH xH~ q^jH~H PÔ (NFIA), Ki GNP =K#.
Lù H|\ `~ Q^ He LO_#.
*f Lù H|\ NFIA nx He LO_#. nx Lù J<k P Ô Qx, Ô "Qx
K|_=K.
GNPMP = GDPMP + NFIA (Net Factor Income from Abroad)
GDP, GNP ^x q= Z=Q LO@O^<k NFIA P^~_ LO@Ok.
NFIA J<k ^<
`HOQQx, ~}`HOQ Qx LO_=K.
NFIA ^< `H" ` ( q^ KeO z# H~H PÔHO>,q^#Oz =z# H~H PÔ Z=O>
R > P)
J<k, GDP HO> Z=Q LO_#.
GNP
NFIA ~}`H" ` (=z# H~H PÔHO>, KeO z# H~H PÔ Z=O> R < P) GNP J<k
GDP HO> ` =Q LO_#.
GDP, GNP =^ ` _
GDPMP GNPMP
^j QO [iQ Lùx `# P ^ [K [~| _ Lùx `#
nxx ^jQx, q^jQx K =K Wk Normal Resident of a country J~ LO_
O KO ZH_< Lù H|_=K.
Wk Oz` =# Wk q"# (Broader) =#
Wk ^
xH ^#` WK# Wk ~ ^#` WK#
GDP = Value of output in Domestic Territory
Value of Intermediate consumption GNP = GDP + Net Factor Income from abroad
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 18
ECONOMY
GDP = GNP NFIA GNP = GDP + NFIA

NFIA q= ~}`H" `
GDP > GNP NFIA q= ^<
`H" ` GNP > GDP
(Payments exceed Receipts P > R) (Receipts exceed payments R > P)
P>R R >P
..........................................................................................................................................................
+ = + =
..........................................................................................................................................................
GDP R P GNP GDP R P GNP
3. xH~ ^jù (=~\ ^~ ) NDP : MP
GDP, GNP `~ Q^# q#~OK=. H|\ Jq PiH == Q "= = = "x è* =.

JO^K LùH |^ xH~ Lù Q}O K@ J=~O .
=~\ ^~ ^jù (GDM ) #O_ ~ = ^# qxQO (`~ Q^), f" xH~ ^jù
MP
=K#.

Lù H =^# == # L yOK@= J~Q, `~ Q^ Qi JQ#. D `~ Q^# GDP
#O_ f" , NDP =O k.
NDP =
MP
GDP `~ Q^
MP
NDPMP = GDPMP Consumption of Fixed Capital (CFC)

GDPMP = NDPMP + `~ Q^
4) xH~ *fù (=~\ ^~ ) NNP : MP
=~\ ^~ *fù (GNP ) #Oz `~ Q^# q#~ =~\ ^~ xH~ *fù

MP
=K#.
xH~ J#Q `~ Q^ q#~OK|_#.
*f J#Q NFIA nx Ki LO_#.
NNP MP
= GNP D `~ Q^
MP
NNPMP = NDPMP + NFIA
NNPMP = GDPMP + NFIA D
NNP H, GNP H `_
NNPMP GNPMP
1) `~ Q^ q#~OK|_# 1) `~ Q^ He LO_#.
2) NNP = GNP D
MP MP
GNPMP = NNPMP + D
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 19
ECONOMY
NDP H NNP H `_
NDPMP NNPMP
1) ^j QO [~Q# 1) P ^jK Ô Qx, "Qx [~Q#
2) nx NFIA Ki LO_^ 2) nx NFIA He LO_#
3) NDP = NNP NFIA
MP MP
3) NNP = NDP + NFIA MP MP
LùH ~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ

XH Ô LùH ^^_ Lù H~H P^# H@ ^~ ^j PÔ O^=K.
@HO, "`< , =_, Ki ^j PÔ =K#.
5) ^j Lù (Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ ) GDP : FC
^j QO Jh Lù H~H PiOz# PÔ# `#.

nx `~ Q^ He LO_#.
GDP H GDP H `_ xH~ ~H #.
MP FC
H|\ GDP #Oz xH~ ~H # f" GDP =K#.

MP FC
GDPFC = GDPMP Net Indirect taxes

GDPFC = GDPMP (Indirect Taxes Subsidies)
= GDPMP Indirect Taxes + Subsidies.
GDPFC = (@HO { "`< { =_ { ) { `~ Q^.
6) *fù (Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ ) GNP : FC
=~\ ^~ *fù#Oz xH~ ~H # f" , LùH~H Ys^ ^$ GNP =K#.

GNPFC = GNPMP Net Indirect Taxes
GNPFC = (~H # a_)
GNPMP
GNP ~H # { a_
MP
7) xH~ ^jù (LùH~H Ys^ ^$ ) NDP : FC
nxx xH~ ^jÔ JO^~.

NDPFC = NDPMP Net Indirect Taxes
NDPFC = GDPFC `~ Q^
NDPMP NDPFC
1) nxx =~\ ^~ Q} ~ 1) nxx Lù H~H ^~ ` Q} ~
2) NDP = NDP + xH~ ~H #
MP FC
2) NDP = NDP xH~ ~H #
FC MP
3) JOu= = =# `# 3) Lù H~H Ok# P^x `#
8) xH~ *fù (Lù H~H Ys^ ^$)/ *fÔ NNP : FC
NNP < *fÔ JO^~.

FC
^j H~H P^xH NFIA Ki *fÔ =O k.

NNP #Oz xH~ ~H # f" NNP / *fÔ =K#.
MP FC
GNP #Oz `~ Q^ f" NNP =K#.

FC FC
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 20
ECONOMY
NNPMP HO>, NNP x["# H=#OQ K =K. H~}O Wk ~H # =~= qÒ H^.
FC
Lù ~QH ~< NNP ~Q#. Hx NNP J<k D ~H #=

Note: ~H # iy`, "= MP FC
qÒ H^.
NNP FC
= ^j H~H PÔ (NDP ) + NFIA FC
NNP FC
= NNP xH~ ~H #
MP
NNPFC = GNPFC D
qq^ =# =^ JO` ~ O |O^ O .
, xH~ ~O#, =~\ ^~ , Lù H~H Ys^~O#, ^j, *f L`` # q=iOK_O
[iyOk. Wq XH ^xHH\ JO`~ O |OÔ Hey L#q. U =# #Oz J~<, qye# =## HO` ~ @
^~ O^=K.
GDPMP + NFIA D Net IT

GNPMP
NNPMP
NNPFC/NI
D O|O^x =~H ~HO Q _ K=K.

GNPMP
-NFIA
^ xH~
` Q
~ ~ H
#

GDPMP
NNP MP GNPFC
Ne
t IT
xH~
NFIA
~
NFIA
^

Q
^
H #
` Q
~
`~
NDPMP GDPFC
NNPFC
xH~ ^
` Q
NFIA
~ ~
H
#

NDPFC
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 21
ECONOMY
*f^xH O|OkOz Hx ~ @ K @^~ " \ ~OQxH KOk# Hx =# O^=K.

Jq..
1) Private Income (" \ PÔ)
2) Personal Income (=+ PÔ)
3) Personal Disposable Income (=~Ô)
Private Income:
" \ ~OQxH qq^ =~ ^~ ` O =K P^x Wk `#.
qq^ P^~ ^~ Lù H~H JiOz# "Ò P^xH, Ò #Oz, W`~ O KO (Rest of
the World) #Oz Ok# |kb KeO Ki " \ PÔ =K#.
*f^xH (NNP ), Hx ~ @K Private Income =K#.
FC
Ò , qQ, ` P , ==# #Oz =K PÔ =i ` _~" O>`~

O K ^ (E.g. HMT, SAIL), " \ ~OQ PÔ H^ H|\ *fÔ #Oz f" e.
Ò `# qxQ J=~H [#Oz ~}O fHO@Ok. D ~}O KeO K =_ _ |kb
KeO O\^. Ò =$^ OK# , x~^Q $ u, "_H J"#, ~+ , y ~O
" \ ~OQxH D |kb KeO JOkOK#. H$ u " s ` Oq Oz#_ ~` Ò P~O,
=, =O^ O\ "\x q^ O K Q, q^ _ =#Ô H$ u " s `
Oq Oz#_ O K #. =# =z# |=`, O#Oz =#O q^ K# x
f" xH~ q^j |kb KeO =K#. " \ ~O QO WO\ |kb KeO ~O PÔ O^#.
Wk " \ PÔ QO. Hx *fÔ QO H^.
Private Income = National Income Income from property and entrepreneuership accruing to the Govt.
Savings of non - Departmental enterprises
+ Interest on National debt
+ Net current transfers from government
+ Net current transfer from abroad.
" \ P^=<k *fÔ `, " \ ~OQ =^ q[ ## `#.
" \ ~O QO H # qkO ~O (Pre - tax Income) u x " @ PÔ zOK#.
Note: |kb KeO :
LùH~H PÔ J<k ` LùH ^^_ ` =Kk. J~` Hx ~H P^ ZO\ L`^H
H~H# #O_< ~=K. g\x |kb KeO JO^~. JO> ` LùH ZO\ H~O
O_< O^q.
L^: =$^ O K# , x~^Q$ u, q^~ HK ~+ , ~}
~ HK O, i>~ J~# "iHK
#< , y , _<+< Gifts and Donations, H$ u " s ` =O K O, è^ O _ HK
H\=h, ` ~}O KeO K =_ "II
=+ PÔ (Personal Income):
= (Q$~OQO) OkOz# P^xH, "= OQ KuHz# P^xH `_ LO@Ok.
" @ PÔ = qq^ P^~ ^~ PiOz# P^x `Q, =+ PÔ = , "= OQ
Ok# P^x `#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 22
ECONOMY
= OkOz# PÔ HO` QO "iKuH ~^.

Z) O OkOz# PÔ HO` QO "\^~ Oz@~ . q +` @|_H nx LOK`~.
D Qx Oz@|_x (Undistributed profits or retained earnings) JO^~.
a) O PÔ HO` QO H~~\ #Q KeO K|_#. nxx Corporate Profit Tax JO^~. D
H~~\ # `xH =#.
=+ PÔ " \ PÔ Oz@|_x H~~\ #
Wk = =^ P^ O} Z\ LOn? " HH # ~x `#.
=~ =+ PÔ (Personal Disposable INcome):
= KuHz# P^=O` =O K gH^. nx P^ #, O^ #, =$u # O\ =+
# KeO KQ qye# Q" =O K |_xH =Q#.
H|\ =+ PÔ #Oz =+ #Q qye# ^xx =~ =+ P^=O^~.
Personal Disposable Income = Personal Income Personal Taxes

=~Ô =+ PÔ =+ #, <b "II
=~Ô HO` QO qxQO K Q qye#k ^ K~ .
JO^K =~Ô qxQO { ^
=~Ô J<k = = LO_Q _=O_(Potential Demand) # è* #. "~"` nx
P^~OQ `= Lù H~H JOK< "~ .
GDPMP + NFIA D Net IT G + TP CT, UDP PT

GNPMP
NNPMP
NNPFC/NI
Private Income
Personal Income (PI)
DPI
G = Income from property and entrepreneurship accuring to the govt. and savings of non - departmental enterprises
TP = National debt Interest, current transters from the govt.
CT = Corporation taxes
UDP = Undistributed Profits
PT = Personal Taxes
DPI = Personal Disposable Income.
ì PÔ (Per Capita Income):

[< ` XHO\H =KP^x `#.
*f^x ^ [#K y =Kk ì PÔ.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 23
ECONOMY
*fÔ
ì PÔ (PCI) =
[< (OII=^ [<)
*fÔ iy<, [< `y< , ~ O_ [iy<, ì PÔ ~Q#. PCI J<k [ r=#
=}x zOK#.
` ^~ ì P^x Q} <==` ì PÔ =K#.
` ^~ *fÔ
<==` ì PÔ
[<
~ ^~ ì P^x Q} "= ì PÔ =K#.
~ ^~ ("= ) *fÔ
"= ì PÔ
[<
"= ì PÔ iy` [ r=# =}~ =$k KO^#.
` ^~ ì P^x, ~ ^ ("= ) H =~=K.
` ^~ ì PÔ
~ ^~ ì PÔ X 100
^~ p
ì P^ =$k~ @:
*`^ =$k~ @ #Oz, [<=$k ~ @# f" ì P^ =$k~
@ =K#.
ì P^ =$k~ @ *f^ =$k~ @ [<=$k~ @
L^: *f^ =$k~ @ 5% [< =$k~ @ 2%, J~< ì P^ =$k~ @?
ì P^=$k~ @ 5% 2%
3%
` , ~ ^~ *fÔ :
J^ O=`~OQ =~\ ^~ JOu= = = q=# H ^xx ` ^~ *f^
=O^~. JO> J^ O=`~O Lù, J^ O=`~O ^~ .
L^: 200910 O. ^~ *f^x H Jk ` ^~ *fÔ.
XH P^~ O=`~OQ ^~ K ` O=`~OQ JOu= = =# H ^xx ~ ^~
*f^=O^~.
L^: 200910 O=`~O [iy# Lùx 20042005 O=`~ ^~ H ^xx ~ ^~
*f^=O^~.
` ^~ P^x H , ^~ ~Q^= PÔ ~Q= K H|\ Jk PiH == "= =~x
zOK^ . JO^K ~ ^~ H ~ . nxx "= *f^ =O^~.
^~ pK ~ @ K @^~ ` ^~ P^h, ~ ^ ~ H =~=K.
` ^~ *fÔ
~ ^ ~ *fÔ X 100
` O=`~ ^~ p
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 24
ECONOMY
Summary :
^j Lù: ^ QoH i^ [iQq (q^j _ K =K).
*f Lù: XH ^ ~K K |_ Lù (Ô " _ H=K).
*f Lù ^j Lù { NFIA
NFIA =z# H~H PÔ (R) KeO z# H~H PÔ (P)
=~\ ^~ PÔ : =~\ ^~ JOu= = = q=
H~H ^~ PÔ : Lù H~H =K P^ "Ò
H~H ^~ PÔ =~\ ^~ PÔ xH~ ~H #
xH~ ~H # ~H # a_
NDP = GDP D
GNP = GDP + NFIA
NNP = GNP D
Technically NNPFC is called National Income
|kb KeO ` LùH ^^_ O_ O^ PÔ
" \ PÔ *fÔ ` P #Oz =K PÔ
<< _~" O@ O ^
{ `~}O =_
{ |kb KeO
=+ PÔ " \ PÔ Oz@|_x, H~~\ #
=~ PÔ =+ PÔ =+ #
*`Ô
ì PÔ =
[<
` ^~ *fÔ : ` =~\ ^~ Q} =Kk.
~ ^~ *fÔ : P^~ O=`~ ^~ Q} =Q#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 25
ECONOMY
2. *f^x =kOK ^`
LùH~H# L yOz = = Lù K~ . D Lù q= Lù H~H P^Q OK|_#.
D PÔ qxQ, @|_ == =O K |_#. =O uiy LùH ^^_ #.
Lù= PÔ $+O K|_#. PÔ = = _=O_# HeOK#. _=O_= = = =O
[~Q#. =O uiy LùH îf#.
Lù
(== { =)
=O
(qxQ { @|_ =O)
O}/PÔ
@HO{"`# O{=_{
JO^K g\x Production Distribution Disposition Q K`~.

H|\ PiH == Lù, PÔ, =O =#OQ LO\~. JO^K *f^x =_ ^`
Q} ~ .
1) Net Product Method (or) Value Added Method (Lù =kO û )
2) Income Method (P^ =kO û )
3) Expenditure Method (= =kO û )
1. Lù =kO û :
nxx Product Method, Value Added Method, Industrial Origin Method, Net Output Method Jx ~ .
= < l<\ nxx 'Lù " û Jx eK#.
PiH == O=`~HO JOu= = = Lùx Ki xH~ Lù =K#.
PiH == Q ^q H, kf, `$f ~OQ [iy# Lùx Ki "Ò Lù (Gross Output)
=O k. J~` XH ~OQO [iy# Lùx =~H ~OQO Lù H~HO (=^ O`~ == )Q "_=K.
J\O@_ "\ q=# f" e.
L^: =~f L^Q eq>_ Steel, Tyres "II "xx Hx =~f H~# LùK , xH~ Lù *fù
Q}O K@_ "Ò Steel, Tyres, H~ Lùx HO_ u^ J^#OQ Ki# q=< (Value Added) fH"e.
J#Q H~ q=#Oz ^x ` sH L yOz# =^ O`~ =q = (Steel, Tyres) # f" e.
Gross Value Added = Gross value of output Intermediate consumption
Net value Added (NVA) = Gross valve Added (GVA) Depreciation
NVAFC = NVAMP Net Indirect Taxes
NVAFC < Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ ^jù JO^~. nxH NFIA Ki NNPFC =K#. W^
*fÔ.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 26
ECONOMY
nxx HOkqÔ Q K=K.

Gross value of output

( ) Intermediate consumption

Gross Value Added (GVAMP) or GDPMP

( ) `~ Q^

Net Value Added (NVAMP) or NDPMP

( ) xH~ ~H #

LùH~H ^$ xH~ ^j Lù NDP FC
/ NVAFC

({) xH~ q^jH~H PÔ (NFIA)

*fÔ (NNP FC
)
Lù =kO û fH=# *Q` (Precautions):
1) XH == ~ O_~ H OK O_ *Q` _ e. WO^Q#...
Z) JOu= == < H H fH"e (^)
a) q= Ki# û << "_e.
2) ^~ ~Q^ =O O_ K_e. nxH ~ O_ =~<~.
Z) ~ ^~ *fùx Q}O Ke (^)
a) ` ^~ Q}O z#\H, _@
~ O` "= PÔH =~e.
3) O qxQO (Self consumption) =~\ ^~ H ~^H|\ K~e. L^: ~ ` O`xH "_#
P~^ <.
4) OÒQ [=x LO@# WO\= (Imputed Rent of owner occupied houses) K~e. L^: Imputed
Rent, Imputed Interest.
5) Q$}= (Services of house wives) ^=~O JOK< " O. H|\ *f^#Oz
q#~OKe. L^: =O@ K @, O~H} .
6) Second - hand goods ^ existing commodities H , qH K~ ~^. L^: `H~, ` W, `
~O\OQ J=HO K~ ~^.
Note: J~` `== J"@_ H~ (Broker) Hg+< K~e (J`x = ` O=`~xH
KOk#q H|\)
7) Bonds and Shares J=H *fÔ#Oz q#~OKe. (nx= P |kb J=`~ Hx,
#`#OQ Ug $+O K|_=) J~` Shares, Bonds J"@_ H~ = H OKe.
8) =^ O`~ == # *fÔ K~ ~^.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 27
ECONOMY
Note: W<O@s ~Q^ *fÔ K~e, `~ Q^# f" e.

Lù =kO û Z^~ =:
1) W<O@s ~Q^ *f^xH K~e. J~` ^~ =~= g\ q=# JOK< " @H+O .
2) `~ Q^# JOK< " @ H+O (H# ^~ JOK<" ? ^ Replacement Cost P^~OQ JOK<" ?
J<k =).
3) q^, ~"} =O O\q JOu= == ^ =^ O`~ == J<k K O.
4) =^ O`~ == , JOu= == =^ +" # w` wO. Jk "\ L QO P^~_ #. O_ (Flour)
J<k Q$ JOu= == HQ, ~> ` ~ K"_ (Baker)H Jk =^ O`~ == .
5) r=<^~ ~OQO#, O` "~Ox L`` O|OkOz ~ # =K~O O H=_O^ .
6) = = q=# Lù =^~ H OK? \ ^~ ? z~ ^~ H OK J<k =.
7) =~\H ~x Self - consumption, owner - occupied buildings Rents O\ "\H ^~ x~~ OK@ H+O .
8) =# fH"? =^? J<k =~H =.
qq^ ~OQ #Oz (Industrial Origin) *f^xH ZOÒ` "\ =# n? qq^ ~OQ H ^#`
Z\ LOk? `H<O^ D û L Q_ #.
2. P^ =kO û (Income Method):
nxx Factor Payment Method, Distributed Share Method, Income Paid Method, Income received
Method Jx ~ .
LùH~H ( q, =, =^# O, ==# ) `= = JOkOK@^~ u (@HO, "`# O,
=_, ) O^`~. D u # He` *fÔ =O k.
Lù H~H O` Lù [~QÒk. P Lù q= Lù H~H K~ Òk. P H~H u h
He` *fÔ =K#. *fÔ @HO { "`# O { =_ { { q= PÔ
Lù H~H =K PÔ ~ O_ ~HQ ql OK=K.
I) ^j H~H PÔ (Domestic Factor Income)
II) xH~ q^jH~H PÔ (Net Factor Income from abroad)
Sources of Factor Income

Domestic Factor Income NFIA

Compensation of Operating Surplus Mixed Income of the
Employees (COE) (OS) Self employed
Wages and Salaries in cash Income from Property

Compensation in Kind
Employer's contribution to Income from Entrepreneuership
Social Security Schemes
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 28
ECONOMY
I).^jH~H P^x 3 ~HQ ql OK=K.

1) =# JOk =K PÔ (Labour Income/ Compensation of Employees)
2) =^# O/ P #Oz PÔ (Property Income/ Operating Surplus)
3) q= PÔ (Mixed Income) XH =H ~ O_O\x JOk =K PÔ.
1. Compensation of Employees: q, L^Q `= =# JOkOK@ ^~ O^ i~O (u )
=_ q^Q LO_#.
Z) ^=~OQ "`< , r`. L^: rÒ, _.Z., KP~Z, X\Z., #, Hg+<, LTC (Leave Travel
Concession) etc.
a) =~ O JOkOK i~O (Compensation in Kind). L^: Lz` Q$O, "^ O, Lz` x~O, P~O,
Lz`q^, ~"}, =_ O_ ~}^ O, Creches for children of Employees etc.
) [=#O L^QHK O H ^` KeO (Employer's Contribution to social security schemes).
L^: .Z, rq`c=, i>~ " O\ #<H JOkOK "\, Q W#~<, Q_\ "II
2. Operating Surplus: =^< x, [=<x He LO_@= =K PÔ. JO> P , ==# #Oz
=K PÔ (Income from Property and entrepreneurship).
Z) =, = < He LO_@= @HO =K#. Rent of Self-occupied house (Imputed Rent) _
@HO Q" .
~}, _l\ =K =_.
Q# bAHz#_ =K ~b, >O\ , H ~ \ =K ~b nx QO.
Rent, Interest, Royalties J<q Income from property Q K =K.
a)HOh "\^~ OK _q_O_:
^ HOh `= "Ò P^x +~ ~ H _q_O_ ~O Oz@=. HO` P^x
Oz@ O_ LOK`~. nxx Oz@|_x (Undistributed profits) JO^~.
D Oz@|_x HO` QO Corporate Profit Tax Q#, HO` QO Corporate Saving Q#
LO@Ok. JO> Dividends, Undistributed Profits, Corporate Tax J<q Income from entre preneurship Q
=|_`~.
3. Mixed Income: Lù H XH =H =#, =^< x JOk =K PÔ q= PÔ. JO>
HO` Labour Income HQ, HO` Property and Entrepreneurship #Oz =K P^=Q#. L^: O`
"~O, Carpenters PÔ, O` Hx H=^ _H~ JOkOK =, `# O xK ~ ` .
II) xH~ q^jH~H PÔ (NFIA) = H~H# JOkOz#O^ q^#Oz Ok# PÔ (R) ^ QO
q^ JOkOz# H~H = KeO K KeO (P).
NDP = L^Q i~O { Operating Surplus + q= PÔ.
FC
NNP = NDP + NFIA

FC FC
nx< *f^=O^~.
*fÔ [COE + OS + mixed Income] + NFIA
^jH~H PÔ { q^j xH~ H~H PÔ.
P^ =kO û fH=e# *Q` :
1) O qxQ q= (Self - consumption), Imputed rent of the Self - occupied houses He.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 29
ECONOMY
2) |kb KeO K~ ~^. L^: Old age Pensions, x~^Q$ u, ~+ , H~ = =O Ò

JOkOK O. Wq ` LùH ZO\ `_@# JOkOK=.
3) K@= u~H ^=O K~ ~^. L^: Q~ PÔ, illegal drug Traders (Wq K@= u~H H~H
O> =z#q. =i Q}O x q).
4) *f~}O =_ K~ ~^. Ò ^~}OQ qxQ J=~H ~}O fO@Ok J< " O=
~}O =_ K~ ~ (Wk J#`^H L^ O ` fH|_Ok H|\)
5) Second hand goods, bonds, shares Jq` =K PÔ K~ ~^. J~` g\ J=H H~ Hg+<
H OKe.
6) " @ |kb KeO K~ ~^. L^: è^ O _ HK Pocket Money, =$^ HK ^=O "II
(nx XHi#Oz =~HiH H =O ^=O =`" |kb JQK#k)
7) Qe"@ (windfall gains) *f^ Q}# K~ ~^. L^: @s ^~, prizes ^~ =K
PÔ (Wq _ ` LùH ZO\ `_@# JOkOK=).
8) H~~+< # fH ~O L# # *f Q}# fO\~. H|\ ` HOQ H~~+< ##
fH#=~O^.
9) O^ # , |=u# O\q ` PÔ #OzHH, ~ ^ #Oz Ke ~ . H|\
*fÔ QO H^.
P^ =kO û Z^~< =:
1) q= P^x Q}O K@ H+O (J==H $ `~O QO ~ # =K~O OH^).
2) HO`=Ok PiH" ` ` ~}O HO` QO L`^H H~H ^^_ #. H|\ ~}O =_
*`Ô K~x "kOzi.
3) Ja=$k ^ P^xH KOk# ~ # Q}OH OH= (D ^ Hk=Ok =`" #
Ke ~ ).
*fÔ qq^ Lù H~H=^ Z\ O} J~O^ `H<O^ P^ =kO ^`
L yOKe.
3. = =kO û (Expenditure Method):
nxx Income Disposal Method, Consumption and Investment Method Jx JO^~.
PiH == [iQ JOu= =O H OK@^~ GDP x O^=K. JOu= == K JOu= =O
^~ nxx Q} ~ . JOu= == J<q qxQxHQx, @|_H Hx H=K. JO> JOu= qxQ
=O, JOu= @|_ =O H@ ^~ nxx O^=K. JO^K nxx Consumption and Invest
ment Method JO^~.
XH ^ QO JOu= =O K ~OQ <QO\~.

1) Q$~OQO (Household sector)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 30
ECONOMY
2) O / "~ ~OQO (Business/ Producing Sector)

3) `~OQO (Government Sector)
4) W`~ O K~O QO Rest of the World (Row)
JOu= = = D <Q ~OQ K =O D qÔ Q LO@Ok.
Z) qxQ =O (Consumption Expenditure) C
a) @|_ =O (Investment Expenditure) I
) ` =O (Government Expenditure) G
_) xH~ ZQ=` (Exports Imports) X M
Z) " \ JOu= qxQ =O (C):
qxQ == , = Q$~OQO, L^ O x KO ^ O K =O nx Q.
=xHx (non-durables goods) P~O, h, |, @` K =O.
=xHQ (durable goods) TV, iK~, H~, H, AC "II "\ =O.
~"}=, "^ = O\ = =O.
g\ K =x =~\x i> ^~ (Retail Prices) P^~OQ Q}~.
Note: #`# W H#Q qxQ =OH^. Jk @|_ =O HOkH =O k.
` Lù =" fH"e. `H~, `== =O fH~^.
Lù^~ `#H LOz# Self-Consumption _ qxQ =O Q" .
Imputed Rent on Self - occupied houses _ qxQ =O Q" .
B) @|_ =O (I):
uH =^# == ~Q^ @|_ L^: O`, Hs ~_x WO_, O W<O@s

~Q^.
@|_ =< Gross Domestic Capital Formation (GDCF) JO^~. nx =_ Q Q=.
a) ~ @|_/ ~ =^# H#: #`# O\, O`, Z" O\, Hs , ~"} Z" O\,
x~}# (_O, >e<< ) "II "x K =O.
b) ~ _x K =O: #`# WO_ x~}O =O (W#=, " O\, =_, W@H, = "II
"x a~K =O). nxx Commodity Flow Approach JO^~. Major repairs, Renovations nx Q" .
WO_ x~}=<k @|_QO.
Note: Capital goods @|_H, WO_x ~}O @|_H HkQ `_ LOk. WO_ J<q Q$~OQOK H#Q
K |_Q, =^# == O K H#Q K |_#.
c) x=~ (W<O@s): =_~ , QO ` ~ # == , J=HxH Ô QL# JOu===
(Final goods awaiting sale) "IIq W<O@s. D W<O@s =K =~x @|_ =OQ fO\~.
Change in stock = closing stock opening stock.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 31
ECONOMY
~ @|_ { ~ _x WO_ x~}O { W<O@s =~ K =x @|_Q K =K.

gx HO` QO J~Q, `~ Q^ Qi J~# "\ #O @|_ H|_=K. D Replacement amount
x `~ Q^ (Depreciation) JO^~. H|\ @|_#O_ D `~ Q^# f" xH~ @|_ =K#.
Net Domestic Investment = Gross Fixed Business Investment +
Inventory Investment +
Gross Residential Investment - Depreciation.
C) `=O (G):
nxx ` JOu= qxQ ==O^~.

i#, ~H} , Ou XO^, q^ "^ OH = = =O ` =O. ` =O=
=~\ J" == LùH= H|\, g\H =~\ ^~ O_=. ` = JOkOKO^ Ò
L^Q K =O, Ò = JOkOK@_ == K =O He` ` =O =K#.
J~` ` = =~\ ^~ J=H~#\H, <==` ~O fH=K. (L^: Hospitals
<==` ~O, qÔ A ) J\O\ ~|_x, =O #Oz f" xH~ =O =K#.
L^Q i~O "`< , r`, O H KeO ~O LO_#.
` JOu= qxQ =O L^Q i~O { ^j =~\ = = xH~ H#Q { q^#Oz
= = xH~ H#Q.
xH~ J#Q H#Q q=, J=H q= =^ Q `_.
D) xH~ ZQ=` Net Exports (X M) :
= = ZQ=` q=#Oz kQ=` q= f" , xH~ ZQ=` =K#. Wk ^< `HOQ Qx,
~}`HOQQx LO_=K. Net Exports = Exports Imports
xH~ ZQ=` J<q ^j Lù (Domestic product) QO.
Open Economy XH^ O W`~ ^` JO`~f "~O K XH^ O W`~ ^ == , =
(+ OQ, c=, OHOQ, ~"}, ~@H =) ZQ=uK =K. J\Q q^ P ^xH P~O,
handicrafts O\ == # H#=K. J^qÔ Q q^#Oz == , kQ=u K H=K.
= =kO û ZQ=`#, kQ=`# ^j =O ZO^ fH"e?
ZQ=` q^ =O K# \H, P == ^j QO LùH|_q H|\ Jq ^j
Lù QO.
kQ=` J<q q^ LùH|_#\H, "x =O J<q ^j qxQ @|_ =QO.
J~` XH ^ QO Lù ZO` J~#n `H"O> kQ=` f" e.
xH~ q^j @|_ xH~ ZQ=` + NFIA.
PiH == [iQ qxQ, @|_, `, xH~ ZQ=` He` GDP =K#.
GDPMP = C + I + G + (X M)
Note : @|_x fH<@_ xH~ @|_ fO> GDP H |^ NDP =K#.
GDP H NFIA Ki, GNP =K#. nx#Oz `~ Q^ f" NNP =K#. nx#Oz xH~ ~H
MP MP MP
# f" NNP =K#. W^ *fÔ.

FC
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 32
ECONOMY
*fÔ(NI) = C + I + G + (X M) + NFIA D Net IT
nxx D qÔ Q K=K C + I + G + (X M)

GDPMP

( + ) NFIA

GNPMP

( ) Depreciation

NNPMP

( ) Net IT

NNPFC / National Income.
Note: * GDP xH~ ZQ=` (X M) J<q QO.
* GDP H NFIA (RP), Ki GNP =K#.
= =kO û *f^ =#
C+I+G+(XM) + NFIA D Net It G + TP CT, UDP PT

GDPMP
GNPMP
NNPMP
NNPFC / NI
Private
Income
Personal
Income
DPI
= =kO û fH=e# *Q` :

1) JOu= == xO\x fH"e (=~\ g\ =O [iy<, [~QH ~<).
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 33
ECONOMY
L^: Self - consumption, Imputed values.

2) =^ O`~ == =O H OK~^ (Wk JOu= =O QO H|\) .
3) Second - hand goods K =O H OK~^ (Wq Q` O=`~ LùH =~).
4) +~, O_ (Financial assets) K =O H OK~^ (nx [=#O =`" |kb JQ#. ZO\
#`# P LùH=).
5) |kb KeO K =O H OK~^. L^: OK#, x~^Q $ u .
~`^ O O\ Ja=$k KO^`# ^ =xH O|OkOz i # =K~O H =_O= D û x
J=OaOKO .
PiH == "@, ` = "\ `H<O^, qxQO, @|_ `H<O^
==kO û J=Oa~ .
*fÔ Q}OK@_ q#~OK=# JO :
#< : *fÔ K~ ~^. H~}O D u O ` L`^H H~HxH u O H^.
QÒ Lù K# == : GNP ` O Lù J~# "\< K~ ~ . H|\ g\x K~ ~^.
q^ #Oz |kb : Wk Ok` PÔ H^ H|\ *fÔ K~ ~^.
HOh O_ J=HO : Wk = =# OK^ . Wk H =O ^=O |kb =`" . H|\ nx GNP
H~^.
qOu : nxH =~\ q= Q}O K@ H+O . H|\ nx *fÔ K~ ~^.
i\ J=H, H#Q : O_, +~ H#Q J<q H =O [=#O |kb. nx
L`^H H~HO Wq_ LO_^ . H|\ GNP H~^.
Purchase of Second Hand Machine of a Domestic Service : Wk Q` O=`~ =O QO
H|\ *fÔ H~^.
Purchase of New Shares of a Domestic firm : #`# +~ H#Q _ [=#O |kbQ
iQ}O K=K. = H#QQ iQ}O K~^. JO^K GNP K~ ~^.
Ò q^~ Hz# ~+ : Wq |kb KeO HO^ =K#. nx K~ ~^.
` P` Lz` "^ O : Wk |kb KeO H|\ NI H~^.
` ~}O =_ : Wk H~H PÔ H^. H|\ K~ ~.
@s ^~ =K PÔ : Wk Qe"@ O (Wind fall gain) H|\ K~ ~^.
Remittances from Abroad : nx *fÔ K~ ~^. H~}O Wk W`~ ^ #Oz =K |kb
KeO .
`~ Q^ : GNP Q" Hx NNP QO H^. H|\ K~ ~^.
q^j =# Ô x HOh Ok# : nxx *fÔ H~^. H~}O Wk
W`~ ^ H~H PÔ.
O^ # : ZO\ L`^H` OK^ . H|\ GNP K~ ~^.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 34
ECONOMY
Gift Tax : *fÔ QO H^.

~H # : nx *fÔ K~ ~^.
*fÔ Q}OK@_ iQ}H fH"e# JO : (K~e# JO)
+~# J" Hq+< U*O@ PÔ : Lù H~HO Q P^x O^`<~ H|\ nx *fÔ
K~e.
[=x LO@# WO\ = : Wk imputed value Q K =K. *fÔ K~e.
_H~ H H#+ < A
: Wk H~H u O H|\ He.
~y =O^ =O : Wk Q$ =O QO H|\ *fÔ He.
#~ JOkOz# Lz` xO : Wk "`< , r` QO H|\ *fÔ He.
# : Wk "i PÔ/rÒ QO H|\ *fÔ K~ `~.
WHO O xK ~f PÔ : Wk H~H PÔ H|\ H`~.
Provident Fund # L^Q "\ : nxx L^Q "`< #Oz Ke ~ H|\ nxx *fÔ
K~ `~.
#`# WO_ x~}= : *fÔ K~ #. H~}O Wk @|_ =O
OH~ [_H K rÒ : *fÔ K~ #. H~}O Jk H~HxHK PÔ.
MP H WK J"# : *fÔ K~ #. H~}O Wk H~H PÔ.
*f^xH O|OkOz Hx =MO :
1) `H~ J=HO : nxx GNP H~^. H~}O Wk ` O=`~ LùH O|OkOz#k H^.
Q=xH : ` H~# GNP HH ~#\H ` H~# J" _~ H = =K u O#
(Hq+<) GNP H=K#.
2) ~H}
kHi rÒ : nxx GNP K~ `~. H~}O Wk Lù H~HO Q KeO K u O H|\.
3) *u Yx[ O^ : nxx GNP K~ `~. H~}O Wk XH O=`~ HOx Yx[ O^ x QO.
4) HH~ H PÔ : g~ =# JOkOK_O ^~ uO O^`<~. JO^=#
*fÔ K~e.
5) Q$} = : gi = ^= ~} u O KeO K_O [~Q^ . Wk =<`H" # =. JO^K
GNP nxx H~ .
6) K@ =u~H ^=O (illegal money) : nxx Q}O K_O H+O . GNP QO H^.
*f^ Q}# ~`Ô J=OaOK û :
=# Ô #=^y# ^Ò H =@ =# U XH û x L yOz O~O Q *f^x
H==.
L^ : == ~OQO P^ û ^~ ^Ò H~} [~Q^ . JO^=# =#Ô qq^
~OQ qq^ ^` # J=Oa < ~. JO^K =# Ô J#iOK û q= û JO\=.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 35
ECONOMY
û ~OQO
1) Lù =kO û 1) ^q H ~OQO. (==O, J@g O^, K OHO ,
Value Added Method Q# `=HO)
2) Manufacturing (il~ J~#q)
3) x~} ~OQ= (@} O`)
2) P^ =kO û 1) Manufacturing (il~ Hxq)
2) q^`, Q, h\ ~ ~
3) `$f ~OQO, (~"}, H=xH+#, =~H O , HOQ, c=
` = "^Q#q).
3) = =kO û 1) x~} ~OQO (Qg} O`)
JO> *fÔ Q}# =# Ô =_ ^`# Ly<~.
C.S.O. ~OQ"s q[# :
CSO "~ =# PiH ==# OQ HOk qÔ Q ql Ozi. D q[ # i= H#_= .
1) ^q H ~OQ= Z) ==O ( +} nx QO)
a) J@g O^
) =` O^
=_ JO# H e q J~ O "Agriculture,
forestry and fishing" JO^~.
_) Q# `=HO
D <= (_) JOx =_ (Z,a,) JO He` ^q H
~OQ= =K#. D H~Hh H$ u P^~_ # q.
2) kf ~OQ= Z) Manufacturing nx 2 JOO\~.
1) il~ (Hs K@O HO^ #"^# q)
2) J< il~ (Hs K@O HO^ #"^ Hxq)
a) q^`, Q, h\ ~ ~
) x~} ~OQ=
=_ (Z,a,) JO# He kf ~OQO JO^~.
Q=xH : ^q H ~OQ Q Q# `=Hx f" kf ~OQxH Ki i=
~OQO =K#
i= ~OQO Q# `=HO { kf ~OQO
PiH ==# ^q H, kf, `$f ~OQQ ql Q# `=HO J<k
^q H ~OQO QO. J\ HH ==, iqH, " ~OQQ
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 36
ECONOMY
ql iqH ~OQO Q# `=HO J<k QO.
3) `$f ~OQ= Z) =~H O , @, ~ ~ O@
a) ~"}, x, =K~O
) < <, OHOQ, c=, i Z\ =i W`~ "~ =
_) =lH, O H =HQ ` =
<Q (Z,a,,_) JO# `$f ~OQ= JO\~.
J~` D q[ # O H~ K# k =`" . ^ =^ , qq^ H XH Ô < =~`
LO_#. #`# == Lù J Hn *f H =~Ò\~.
L^ : Zl Q XH _ kf ~OQO q^`H , Q, h\ ~ ~ QOQ LO_k. Hh ` O
Lù ~OQO QOQ LOk.
~`Ô *f^ =$k x~}O, ^~} :
*f^, ì P^ ~Q^ ^~} :
` O=`~ ^~ *f^x H , *fÔ ~Q^ J<k...
Z) =` u ~Q^ =# Oq OK=K.
a) ^~ ~Q^ =# Oq OK=K.
^~ ~Q^ "x `yOKO^ *f^x ~ ^~ H ~ . ^ ` ^~ `
H "" ^x OÔ^ *f^x _\ K~ . ^~ ~Q^ "x `yOKO^
_\ ~# L y~ .
J~` *fÔ J<k [< "x H OK^ . nxH *f^xH |^ ì PÔ
Q}O Ke. ì PÔ [ r=# =}O# zOK#.
1.
1.*f, ì P^ =$k ~ @ (Growth Rates))
HO *f^ =$k ~@ ì P^ =$k ~@
195051 #O_ 198081 3.5% 1.4%
198081 #O_ 200001 5.6% 3.2%
200001 #O_ 200405 6.4% 4.7%
200405 #O_ 200809 7.0% 5.7%
"^\ 30 O=`~ HO *f^ ~Q^ ~ @ Q@ # 3.5%Q #"^ J~Ok. ì
P^ ~Q^ ~ @ 1.4%Q #"Ô k. WO` n~ HO =$k ~ @ ` =Q LO_@, =$k ~ @
~Q@ |^ `Q@ =# II ~*H$+Q~ nxx =OQOQ "Mx ''O^ =$k ~@Q
eK~. JO`HH DHO *f^ ~Q^ ~ @H<, ì PÔ ~Q^~ @ ` =Q LOk.
nxH H~}O JkH [< ~Q^ ~ >. `~ "` ~ O_ ^ 1980 #Oz K H^y# qÔ Q =$k
Hx O k. D HO *f^ =$k ~ @ 5.6%Q#, ì P^ =$k ~ @ 3.2%Q #"Ô k.
JO> "^\ 30 O=`~ =$k ~ @ HO> `~ "` 20 O=`~ =$k~ @ "~QQ LOk. JO>
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 37
ECONOMY
~` PiH == ~*H$ +Q ~ ~# O^ =$k~ @# JkQq OKQe yOk.

200001 #O_ 200708 =^ *f^ =$k ~ @ 7%# , ì P^ =$k ~ @ 5%#
#"Ô k. Wk K PtOK^Q Ja=$k.
1980 `~"` *f^ =$kH ì P^ =$kH =^ JO`~O `Q_xH H~}O [<
~Q^~@ `Q@.
~`Ô J`kH =$k ~@ OqOz# O=`~ :
GDPFC NNPFC
197576 ........................9.2% 9.5%
198889 ....................... 10.2% 10.3%
200506 ........................9.5% 9.5
200607 ........................9.6% 9.5
200708 ........................9.3% 9.6
=#Ô J`kH =$k ~ @ Oq Oz# O=`~O 198889 (10.3%)
=#Ô 9, JO`HO > Z= =$k ~ @ #"^# O^~ 5 ~ (200708# HHx)
~ O_= J`kH GDP =$k~ @ #"^# O=`~O 10= }oH z=i O=`~O (200607)
J` =$k ~ @ : NNPFC (GDPFC)
195758 -1.8% 1.4

196566 -4.5% 3.4
197273 -0.8% 0.3
197980 -6.0% 4.9
J`kH ~}`H =$k~ @ #"^# O=`~O 197980 (-6.0).
}oH HO O=ìH =$k ~@
} oH NNPFC PCI (Per Capita Income)
1. 195156 4.4% 2.6%
2. 195661 4.0% 2.0%
3. 196166 2.6% 0.4%
4. 196974 3.1% 0.8%
5. 197479/78 4.9% 2.6%
6. 198085 5.4% 3.1%
7. 198590 5.5% 3.3%
8. 199297 6.7% 4.5%
9. 19972002 5.3% 3.3%
10. 20022007 7.8% 6.1%
11. 20072012 9% H O
(Source : Economic Survey 2010 -11)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 38
ECONOMY
J## H O HO> K ` = =$k ~ @ kOz# }oH 3= }oH

nxH H~}O 196566 f= H~`, 196667 H~ = Oq OK_O , 1962 K< ^~H=},
1965 H<` Ô "^Q u O @# Oq OK@ =# D }oH ~OQ q "O k.
W\=~ J`kH =$k ~ @ 10= }oH kOzOk.(7.8%)
~ O_= J`kH =$k ~ @ kOz# }oH 8= }oH. (6.7%)
10= OK=~ }oH O=`~ "sQ =$k~
@ (GDPFC)
200203 3.8%
200304 8.5%
200405 7.5%
200506 9.5%
200607 9.6%
10 = }oH Q@ 7.8%
11= }oH "^\ ~ O_ O=`~ GDP =$k~ @
2007 08 9.3%
2008 09(PE) 6.8%
2009 10(QE) 8.0%
2010 11(AE) 8.6%
2. *f, ì P^:
~ ^~ (20042005) ` ^~
OII *fÔ ` i PÔ *fÔ ì PÔ
NNP (H@ ~II)
FC
(~II) NNP
FC
PCI (~II)
(1999 2000)
1950 51 2,04,924 5,708 9,152 255
(2004 2005)
2007 08 34,54,264 30,354 40,76,352 35,820
2008 09 (P) 36,69,890 31,801 46,85,873 40,605
2009 10 (Q) 39,46,540 33,731 54,39,557 46,492
~ ^~ *fÔ 195051 #O_ 200910 <\H 2 H H@#O_ 39 H H@ iQ#.
J#Q D HO *fÔ 19 ~ @ iyOk.
~ ^ ~ ì PÔ W^ HO =~ ~.5,700/ #Oz ~.33,700/ iQ#. JO> ì
PÔ 5.9 ~ @ iQ#.
*fÔ HO> ì PÔ ` =Q ~Q_ xH H~}O [< ~Q^ ~ @ Z=Q LO_@.
200910 (Q) O. ì PÔ ~.33,700/ iQ#.
` ^~ *fÔ W^HO 9,000 H@#Oz, 54 H H@ iQ#. JO> 594 ~ @ iQ#.
` ^~ ì PÔ D HO ~II 255/ #Oz ~II 46,400/ iQ#. JO> 180 ~ @
iQ#.
~ ^~ HO>, ` ^~ *f, ì P^ Z=Q ~Q_ xH H~}O Ô ^~ ~Q^
JkHO Q LO_@.
200910 (Q) O=`~O ` ^~ ^ ì PÔ ~II 46,400/.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 39
ECONOMY
*fÔ qq^ ~OQ "\ :

195051 200809 200910 (Q)
1. ==O J#|O^ ~OQ 55.4% 16.9% 14.6
2. "x OQ =#HiOQ(i= ~OQO) 15.0% 25.8% 28.09
Z) "x OQ Hs~OQ 1.4% 2.0% 2.33
a) =#HiOQ 8.9% 14.5%
) h\ ~ ~ , q^`, Q 0.3% 2.0%
_) x~} ~OQO 4.4% 7.3%
3) = ~OQO 29.6% 57.3%
Z) ~"}, H=xH+# =~H O 11.3% 28.6% 26.55
a) OHOQ, < < i Z\ 7.7% 14.8% 17.17
) =lH =HQ ` = 10.6% 13.9% 13.56
Z) = ~OQ= 1 { 2 70.4% 42.7% 42.7
a) " ~OQ= 29.6% 57.3% 57.3
"Ò 100% 100%
~OQO 195051 200910 (Q)

^q H ~OQO 56.8 16.9
kf ~OQO 13.6 25.8
`$f ~OQO 29.6 57.3
^ # ~OQ "sQ K ^q H ~OQO "\ 195051 56.8 % #Oz ("x OQ Hs~OQ He)
200910 <\H 16.9%H `yO k.
` O ^q H ~OQO "\ ~OO #Oz `Q ` LO__O ` kf, `$f ~OQ HO> _
` =Q LOk.
kf ~OQO "\# ije 195051 13.6%Q L# QO ("x OQ Hs~OQ q#~Oz)
200910 <\H 25.8%H iyOk. W_ *fÔ nx "\ `$f ~OQO HO> ` =Q#,
^q H ~OQO HO> Z=Q# #"^ K O@Ok.
`$f ~OQO "\ 195051 29.6% #Oz 200910 <\H 57.3% iyOk. ` O *fÔ
J`kH "\# JOkOKk `$f ~OQ" .
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 40
ECONOMY
L~OQ "sQ ije...

^q H ~OQO :
Z) ^q H ~OQO ^ "\^~ ==".
==O "\ 50% #Oz 200910H 15%H `yO k.
a) K OHO #Oz =K "\ 0.8% KiOk.
) J@g O^# ije ~OO 6.7% LO_k. ` O 1.5% H `y ~Ok.
_) Q# `=Hx ije 1.4% #Oz 2.33%H HkQ =`" iyOk.
kf ~OQO :
Z) kf ~OQO ^ # "\^~ =#HiOQ. nx Z) il~ , a) J<il~ J# ~ O_ L Q
H=. J< il~ qQO HO> il~ qQO Z= "\ Hey LO_@ HH, Z= =$k ~ @ #"Ô k.
a) x~} ~OQO "\ _ ~Q` =zOk. =#HiOQ `~ "` ~ O_= #O LOk.
`$f ~OQO :
Z) =~H O ~"}, H=xH+#, ije 200910 <\H J`kH "\#OkOKk D qQ" (26.55%).
a) OHOQ, < <, i Z\ "\ ~Q` =zOk.
) ` #, q^, P~QO, @O| OH = O ~Q@ =# =lH = "\ _ ~Q`
=zOk.
=#Ô *fÔ =z# D == ~H =~ H~}O }oH =# [iy# H$+ .
199091 `~` ~"}, =K~= =$k~ @ K "QO Q LOk.
PiHa=$k H == ~H =~ ~=_O [O Hx D =~ K <=kQ Oq < ~.
nxH H~}O =#HiOQ ~OQO <=kQ =$k KO^_" .
Q=xH : =#Ô iqHH~ }
^ K~ O_ iqHH~ }
`~ "` ^ J~# "~OQO# ^\
" |_#. nx=# èO^q@O> =# Ô iqHH~ } K\ =#HiOQ ~OQx |Ò
K = LOk. J Jx ==~OQx x~H O K ~^. == P^~ i=# O Ke.
i= _ ==xH H=# L`^H# K e. J_ Ja=$k KO^`# ~`^ O
Ja=$k KOk# Ô Q =~ KO^Q ^.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 41
ECONOMY
4. *fÔ `~OQO "\ :

195051 199394 200809
l._.. ` ~OQO "\ 7.6 % 25.9% 20.8 %
}oH ~OaOz#\#Oz `~OQO ~A~AH qi =zOk.
1955 Q~ Hq\ ~ WOi OH P WO_ # SBI Q *fO Ki .
1969 14 "}[ O
1980 06 "}[ O
1956 ZS (LIC)
1972 lS (GIC)# *fH~} QqOzi.
1956 STC (State Trading Corporation) U~@.
2= }oH ~~ (t= [~h), a (~), ^~ ~ (WOQO_), 3= }oH H~ (~)
L H~Q~# `~OQO O K#.
qq^ ~OQ `~OQO qi ~=_O= 195051 GDP 7.6% He# `~OQO "\
199394 <\H 26%H iyOk.
ÒÒ =z# `~ "` Q, "x OQ, HOh *f~H~} , O *f~H~} , W#~<
O , q^` O , W#=L H~Q~O O\ ^ O # `= K@ _ O =# 199394 =~
` ~OQO "\ qi =zOk. 1991 `~ "` #`# PiH O~} " @@ =# # =K
O #Oz Ò `# @|_# LO iOK_O =# *fÔ ` ~OQO "\ 199394
`~` `Q ` =z 200809 <\H 21% H `yO k.
5. Qg}, @} ~OQ "\ : xH~ ^j Lù
~OQO 197071 19992000
Qg} OÒ 62.4 48.3
@}
OÒ 37.6 51.7
xH~ ^j Lù Qg} ~OQO "\ H=OQ `Q ` 19992000 <\H 48%H `yO k.
xH~ ^j Lù @}
OÒ #Oz =K "\ 197071 #Oz 19992000 =^ 37.6% #Oz
51.7% iyOk. JO> xH~ ^j Lù QO HO> Z= "\ @} ~OQO #O_ =QK#k.
xH~ ^j Lù @} ~OQO "\ ~Q_ O =#O H~^y # i}=" J~#\H Qg} ~OQO
#Oz =K "\ <\H 48% LO__O Qg} PkH `# è* #.
ì PÔ Qg}, @} O` uQ` :
~OQO 197071 199394 19992000
Qg} OÒ 529 5783 10683
@}
OÒ 1294 13525 30183
"Ò (~`^ O ) 680 7834 16040
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 42
ECONOMY
Qg}, @} ì P^ =` x+u : 197071 199394 19992000

2.45 2.34 2.82
Qg}, @} O` =^ ì P^ =` x+ux ije 197071 D =Ò 2.45%Q
LO_k. `~ "` 2.34%H `yO k. #`# PiH O~} " \# `~ "` D =Ò 2.82%H
iyOk. Wk i}=O H^.
6. *fÔ ==H$`, J==H$` ~OQ "\ :
CSO H~= XH ~OQO# ==H $ ` ~OQOQ "O>
Z) Jk U K@O HO^<< #"^ LO_e.
a) P O u O=`~O P, P \x ` ~ K LO_e.
~OQO 198081 200708
J==H $ ` ~OQO 70% 57%
==H$` ~OQO 30% 43%
*fÔ J==H $ ` ~OQO "\ `Q ` =z, 200405 <\H 58% H KiOk. J~#\H QO HO>
Z= "\ nx#OK =O k.
*fÔ ==H $ ` ~OQO #Oz =K "\ ~Q` LOk. Wk PtOK^Q ^ Hh W\H
J==H $ ` ~OQO #Oz =K "\ Z=Q (57%) LOk. Wk "#H@`<x zOK#.
~OQ"sQ K. ..
Z) ==O, J_=, K OH ~OQ J==H $ ` ~OQO "\ 95% #Oz 94%H `yO k.
a) "x OQ, =#HiOQ ~OQ# ije ==H $ ` ~OQO "\ 57% #Oz 63% iyOk.
) "~OQO# ije 40% #Oz 62% ==H $ `~O QO "\ iyOk.
Qg} ^jù (Rural GDP) :
OII ==O i= =
197071 73.8 11.3 14.9
200708 42.0 29.6 28.4
~*+ H =i H .Z.kv Qg} GDP =z# x~}`H =~# J^ #O Ki .
1970 ^H O =$k~ @ (2.3%) HO> 2000 `~ "` =$k~ @ (5%) iyOk.
197071 Qg} GDP ==O "\ 74% HQ qye# i=, = "\ 26%Q LOk.
==O "\ x~O`~O `Q ` , 200708 <\H 42% `yO k. =~" i=, = "\ 58%H
iyOk.
JO> Qg} GDP x~}`H =~ K@ K O@#q. ==O "\ `Q ` , ==`~
~OQ "\ ~QK#k.
Qg} GDP J`kH "\#OkOKk ==O HQ, ~ O_= #O i=, 3= #O =H=.
^ GDP "^\ #O =, ~ O_=#O i=, z=i#O ==O O^#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 43
ECONOMY
~`Ô *f^ JOK< :

*f^ JOK< u O=`~O Lù J=K# = = Qi è*~. *fÔ
~Q^ ^ #uH zH. ì PÔx ~Q^ [ r=# =} ~x è* O k.
qq^ ~OQ Lù H_ "~ ~Q `H=_xH gO@Ok. *f^ H Lù ^<
=^ PÔ U qÔ Q O} J~#k è* #. "Ò PÔ "`< Ò ZO`?
"\ ZO`? `#. Ô [iQ @|_, ^ qxQxH O|OkOz# q=~ O_ }oH
` ~K _O J^ O. JO> `# PiH q^< ~OkOKH=_xH *f^ H `__`~.
Ò`xH ~O ~`^ O *f^ H :
a\+ # *f^x JOK< " _xH `~O Q ^Q H$+ [~Q ^ . HO`=Ok
PiH" ` =HQ ` ^ *f^x JOK< "i .
=#Ô "@" ^\ iQ ^^~ <~l *fÔ, ì PÔ JOK<# 186768
O=`~xH O|OkOz Q}O K_O [iyOk. J\ ì PÔ 20 ~, *fÔ
~.340 H@ [< 17 H@. ~` îH =# `# "Poverty and unBritish Rule in India" J<
QOÔ è<~.
1875 J\<< a\+ WO_ Q=~"O\ xK~. 20 O=`~ ==k ì PÔ H Oz
31% iyO^<# .
1882 iOQ _q_ JOK< K~.
189899 qe" _w JOK< H~O *fÔ ~.428 H@., ì PÔ ~.19.
W`# = ~OQx iQ}xH fH^ . JO^K <~r JOK<H< ` =Q =zOk.
1901 ~ H~< , 1903 P~.y<, 1911 P~.~, 191114 =H =~O[<, 191314
"_ *+, 191920 e< , 1921 a.Z.~ "^Q"~ *fÔ# JOK< "i .
192122 H .\. =i HO|\ "Wealth and Taxable capacity of India" J< QOÔ *fÔ
~.2,364 H@, ì PÔ 74 ~Q JOK< "i .
193140 P~..^ `# "Consumer expenditure in India 1931-32 to 1940-41" J< i^#
Ô x @O K =x P^~OQ K x *fÔ# H OK#.
J~` g~O^~ =HQÒQ HOK@ =# `= O`xH iqÒ JQ@ =# gi H
` ^ . J~#\H _II q.H.P~.q.~=Qi *f^ JOK< Z=
`` _#qQ
K=K.
+~ 1911, 1922, 1931 OIIQ# *fÔ# JOK< "#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 44
ECONOMY
PK~ q.H.P~.q. ~= JOK< :

Ò`xH ~O ~` *f^x XH H= û JOK< "# #` q.H.P~.q.~=QiH
^ Òk.
192529 "An essay on India's National Income" J< "O *fÔ Qi è*#.
193132 ''a\+ WO_ *fÔ J< H O ,
q.H.P~.q.~=Qi 193132 O=`~O# O|OkOz *fÔ 1689 H@Q#, ì PÔ
62 ~Q# JOK< "#.
q.H.P~.q.~= PiH ==# 1) == ~OQO (==O, J@gO^, Q#, +}, K
OHO "^Q#q), 2) H~~+< ~OQO J# ~ O_ QQ ql OK#. (i=, x~}O,
"~O, ~"}, aH s "II#q H~~+< ~OQO HO^ =~).
==~OQO Lù =kO û x, H~~+< ~OQO P^ =kO û x *fÔ
JOK< " @ L yOK#. D ~ O_ ~OQ q^j xH~ H~H PÔ He` *fÔ
=K#. q.H.P~.q.~=Q~ L yOz# û x <\H _ ~`^ O J#i< ~.
Q=xH : ~=Q~ *f, ì P^ <=kQ ~QÒ^x ~O>, ^ Wq ~Q_ O ^x
~<#. ~= H =O a\+ WO_ Q} , ^ a\+ WO_ , Native India He Q}O K#.
*.P~.H, =Ys, Z.H.Q :
g~ 18601945 =^ =# Ô x ì P^ =$k ~ @# Q}O K#. a\+ # n~H OQ
0.5% ì P^ =$k LO^x ~<#. JO> PiH == | ` LO^x ~xi. "The frame work
of the Indian Economy" J< QOÔ
D Q}OH# èi.
Ò`= `~"` *fÔ JOK< :
*f^ JOK< =Y`# QiOz ~` Ò 1949 ..= <a J^ H` # _.P~.Q_ ,
q.H.P~.q.~=# Q *f^ JOK< Hq\x xqOK#. nx< High Powered Expert
Committee JO\~. <\H JO`~f Mu<Ok# = < *<\ , <, _~ < D Hq\ OkOk.
"^\ iQ Ô "`xH O|OkOz# H # K@ @ =# *f^ Ki` nxx Land Mark
Q ~ .
1951 ^= x"kH#, 1954 `k x"kH# JOkOzOk. "^\ x"kH 194849 ^~
ì PÔ ~.225, *fÔ ~.8710 H@.
nx =MO :
Z) *fÔ QO PÔ ==~OQO #OK =O k.
a) "x OQ, Lù, Ku=$` (i= ~OQO "\) 1/6Q LOk.
) "}[O, ~"}, H=xH+# "\ 1/6Q LOk.
_) NDP `~OQ "\ 7.6%Q LOk.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 45
ECONOMY
C.S.O. JOK< (HO^ Q}OH O) :

Central Statistical Organisation # Ò 1951 O zOk. nx ^ # H~O #_b
Q^.
J\=~ L# *f^ JOK< qQO# 1954 CSO H JyOK#. CSO *f^x
` ^~ #, P^~ O=`~ ^~ # H O k. =#Ô <\= ~ f# P^~ O=`~
194849, 196061, 197071, 198081, 199394, 19992000, 200405
2009 #Oz 20042005# P^~ O=`~OQ f<~.
2000OII .~OQ~[< J^ H` # *f Q}OH Hg+<# xqOK#. (National Statistical Com
mission). ~RQ}OH q=~ H~} XH U*hH =~H U*hH `_<x, "\x ik^_ O
^$+x H OnHiOKx nxx xqOzOk.
Ò NSSO # CSO # qo`= K NSO (National Statistical Organisation) # 2006
U~@ KO^ ` K#. nxH =Y Q}O_Q ~ + >O_~# xqOK~.J~`
Wk WOH PK~}
H ~^ .
` O *f^ H C.S.O. ~`< K iÒ J=`<~.
1950 NSS U~_Q, 1970 Jk NSSO Q =iOk.
200910 (Q) 201011 (AE)
GDPFC (` ^~) (H@) 65,50,271 78,77,947
GDPFC (~ ^~) (H@) 44,93,743 48,79,232
ìPÔ ( ` ^~ ) (~) 46,492 54,527
ìPÔ (~ ^~ ) (~) 33,731 36,003
1. ~`^ O "@" ^\ i *fÔ, ì PÔ# JOK< "# "^\ =H ^^~
<~l (1876) (186768 OII# Q#)
2. Ò`xH ~O èiQ |ÔQ *f^x JOK<"#"~ PK~
q.H.P~.q.~=
3. ~`^ O "@" ^\ iQ JkHiHOQ *fÔ# JOK< " @ 1949 U~@
K# *f^ Hq\H J^ _ ~ ..=<a. D Hq\ *f^ Q}#
JO`~f MuQOz# = < *<\ , *P~Z< < =i *.a._. _~ < # O^~.
4. O H Q}# "@" ^\ iQ 1940 q_, < J< PiH" ` " \~ .
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 46
ECONOMY
*f^ Q}# Z^~ =:

*f^ Q}# Z^~ =# OQ ~ O_ ~HQ ql OK=K.
1) =<`H = 2) PK~} `H =
1) =<`H =:
Z) =: *f^ Q}# =# H OK? q#~OK? J<k =. =i < PiH" `
(Marxian Economists) =# q#~OKe Jx qOKQ, qye# "~ K~x qOzi. +e ^ g\x
q#~OKQ, H @e ^ (WO_ ` He) g\x K~ < ~.
a) Q$}=: K~H = ^=~O KeO O_=. Q$} = (L^: =O@K @, O~H} ),
`@x, ~ KC @ "II "x Love, affection He LO_@K, "xH ^=~O Q}O K@ H+O . W"
= |@ "iH K (L^: Maid Servant, gardener, tutor) Lù J^ J~#\H *fÔ ~Q#.
~` Ô O\ Ja=$k ^ WO\ = Z= H|\ *fÔ ` =Q (Under estimate) JOK<
" |_Òk.
" =# Q q=iOK@K nxx Q " s Ò (Pigou paradox) JO^~.
) =^ O`~ == QiO =:
*f^ Q}# JOu= == fO\~Qx, =^ O`~ == # fH~. J~` gx=^
Yz`" # `_# QiOKO . K == "\ qxQO|\ =~Ò\~. Hs "_H O_ (Flour) =^ O`~
== HQ, Q$}H JOu= == . Office # K~ H=_xH J ~"}=O =^ O`~ =OHQ, @O|O
Holiday Trip H ~"} =O JOu= ==Q#.
_) ` i# : Ò JOkOK =, < =O ZO`"~ *fùH
^^_ < YzÒQ K O. L^: Ou ^` , ~ K =O.
W) P^~ O=`~O x Lù : P^~ O=`~O O_, `~ "` HO #`# == Lù
[iy`, "\x ~ ^~ H OK@_ = Z^~Q #.
Z) W<O@s =~# q=H@@ : W<O@s =~# q= H>@_ Original Cost P^~OQ
Q}O K? ^ ` ^~ Q}O K? J<k =~ =.
l) `~ Q^ JOK< : `~ Q^ q=# OÒ H Original cost JOK< " ?
^ Replacement cost P^~OQ Q}O K? J<k =~ =.
K) ^=^ ieH = : "~ "~ H#Q HQ H~hQ ^ =^ *f, ì
P^, r=# =} i@ J~~ `=x HOî PiH" `
JaO.
2. PK~}
`H =:
Z) ^" `~ ~OQO : ~`^ O O\ "#H|_# ^ J==H $ `, ^" `~ ~OQO Z=.
^=O L yOK O_ = = ~~ û ^~ qx=O J
~OQx ^" `~ ~OQO JO^~. ==~OQO K Lù ^=
=~\H ~O_, O` qxQO, == i_ ^~ qx=OH
Òk. e ÒQ *f^ H JOK< < (guess - work)
[~Q`#q.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 47
ECONOMY
a) =$u ` HH~ }
H =@ : ~` O\ Ja=$k KO^`# ^ =$u ` HH~ } H =@K
O=`~ HO XH^xHO> Z= H~H #\H, U^
XH H~HO =K P^" H H =O k.
) z# Lù^~ : JHO@ ^#`# QiOKH JHO@ x~OKH =@K i #
=K~O W=H `<~.
_) ^ O , Lù^~ : # ~O#Oz ` OKH<O^ `C _ H K`<~.
W) x"kOK|_x K@ =u~H ^=O : P^ O^ # ZQ"` H i # P^, O^ =K~x
W=^ . Wk Black Money H îfO k. K@| ^, K@= u~H
^"O__x Parallel (or) Hidden Economy JO^~. nx=
*fÔ Under estimation [~Q`#k.
Z) qOK^Q Q}OH O HH=@ : ~` O\ Ja=$k KO^`# ^ ^ # = qh"#
Q}O H =@. tH} Ok# Q} H~`= i # =K~O
~H=@, == L L`` # ~Q, O_, \O|~ "II
"xH O|OkOz i # =K~O ~H=@ H#|_`#k.
*f^ JOK< ^#`:
1) PiH ~Qa=$kH pQ xK #.
2) qq^ ^ *f, ì P^ ieH L Q_ #.
3) PiH == =K == ~H =~ J~O K <O^ L Q_ #.
4) qq^~ O Q#O_ =K H "\# `H=K.
5) PiH == Q qq^ =~ [ P^ =` `H=K.
6) }oH ~K# *fÔ H ^^_ ` ~.
7) XH^ O < "~ ~ H PiH == ~a=$kx i=K.
8) ~ Lù O` Ô qq^ O` =^ Of =` Q OK=K.
9) ì P^x Q}O z, [ r=# =}x JOK< " =K.
10) GNP q O^ "\ P^~OQ Trade Union, Labour organisations `= q^< ~OkOK
H=K.
11) *f^ H "~O `= Lù, =~\OQ = ~OkOKO^ ^^_ ` ~.
12) PiH =$kx Q}O KO^ *f^ H ^^_ ` ~.
XH =@ KO> PiH =$kx Q}O KO^, PiH q^< ~OkOKO^ Wq ^^_ ` ~.
PiH == Wq uaO|O =O\q.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 48
ECONOMY
3. P^ KH "O
(Circular Flow of Income)
*f^=<k "=# (Flow concept). H|\ x~O`~O XH ~OQO#Oz =~H ~OQxH =O k.
Lù H~H O` = = Lù H|_#. D Lù q= ^xH ^^_ # LùH~H
P^ ~O K~ #. D PÔ uiy = = Y~@|_#. JO> Lù P^x W=Q
PÔ =xH ^^_ # =O uiy Lù, P^xH ^^_ #.
JO> PiH == = =, LùH~H = x~O`~O Lù^~, Q$~OQO =^ qx=O [~Q#.
PiH == qq^ ~OQ =^ = = =i Lù H~H = KeO =i ~|_ ~O
=OK@ P^ KH "O.
P^ KH "O#, ~ O_ ~HQ ql OK=K.
A) Real Flow B) Money Flow.
A) Real Flow ("=
"O): LùH~H [=# (@O|~OQO) #O_ H~H = Lù^~ (O ),
=~. P Lù H~H# LyOz `~K# == Lù^~#Oz, H<"iH (Q$/@O|
~OQO) K~ #. JO> H~H =, = = qq^ ~OQ =^ =OK@ "= "O.
B) Money Flow (^= "O): P^ xH PiH == Jh ==~ ^=O`< x~OK|_`~. @O|~OQO
O Lù H~H = JOkOz#_ O H~H KeO K~. Wk @O H~H PÔ
JQ#. O Lù K# = = @O H#Q K# _ =O [~Q#. JO> O PÔ
=K#. H~H = ^= PÔ~Q, Jk = = =O K @^~ qq^ ~OQ =^ ^="O
[~Q#.
x*xH Real Flow, Money Flow J<q XH <}O# ~ O_ " =O\q. = = "= "O J<k,
^x =u~H kQ ^= "xH =#O (Real Flow of goods and services is matched by an equal but
reverse money flow). L^: O ~OQO 100 H@ == # Q$~OQxH, Q$~OQO ^x 100 H@ =O
K #.
JO> H#Q^~x =O J=HO^~x P^=Q#.
P^ KH "O# q=iOKO^ PiH ==# 4 ~HQ ql OK=K.
1) Q$/ @O| ~OQO (House hold sector)
2) O / "~ ~OQO (Firms/ Business sector)
3) `~OQO (Government sector)
4) q^j~OQO (Foreign sector/ Rest of - the - world)
1) Q$~OQO: LùH~H ( q, =, =^# O, ==# ) [=x ^ #OQ Q$~OQ" . Wk H~H =#
O Jq, |^Q P^x O^#. D P^= Z= Q= O JOkOz# = = =O
K #. PÔ HO` QO ^K, HO` `xH #Q KeO K#.
2) "~/ O ~OQO: O @O|~OQO#Oz H~H =# J^ fHx, "x O` = = LùK
"\x Q$~OQxH, W`~ O , `xH, W`~ ^ qH~OK#. O =YOQ Lù H~H =
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 49
ECONOMY
H#Q^~ =i = = Lù^~. "~~O QO " @ O , ` O He LO\~.

3) `~OQO: `~OQ=#Q ^~} Ò ( ` O # q#~OKe). Ò @O|~OQO,
O ~OQO ` H. ~H # qkOK@ ^~ PÔ O^#. = =# O #Oz, LùH~H =#
@O|~OQO #Oz Hx =O K #. D = =#, H~H =# [ =H [<H (L^:
Police, Education, law and order, Medical facilities etc.) L yOK#.
4) q^j ~OQO: XH Ô W`~ ^ = =# ZQ=u K #. J> kQ=u _ K H##. J> H~H =
_ ^ i=^ ^\ |@ " # .
P^ KH " q=~}H 4 ~OQ# Three models Q ql OK=K.
1) Two - sector Model : Q$~OQO, "~~O QO He LO_#.
2) Three - sector Model : Q$~OQO, "~OQO, `~OQO He LO_#. nxx Closed Economy
JO^~.
3) Four - Sector Model : Q$ { O { ` { q^j "~ ~OQO_#. nxx Open Economy
Model JO^~.
1) ~ O_ ~OQ #=< (Two - Sector Model):
nx ~ O_ L #=<<~.
a) Two - Sector Model without saving:
b) Two - sector Model with saving and investment:
A) Two - sector Model without saving : nxx O~ = PiH == JO^~. `~OQO, Rest of the World
=x, H =O Q$~OQO, O ~OQ" L#=x " O K e. Lù H~H [=x J~# Q$~OQO `# H~H
=# O qH~Oz @HO, "`< , =_, ~O PÔ O^#. O D Lù H~H
O` = =# LùK "\x @O qH~OK#. @O QÒ Ok# H~H P^x D
= = =O K #. @O K# D =" O PÔ.
"= "O: Q$~OQO #Oz Lù H~H = O , O ~OQO #Oz = = Q$~OQxH =OK#.
nx< "= "O JO^~. ( q
, =
O , =
" ^# O

H ( , ==

H ~ e
O
@H O
#
`
u ~
H K ,"` # )
L
u
H O, = _
L` ,
)
Q$~OQO O ~OQO
= = KeO
= = "O
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 50
ECONOMY
@O, O ~ O_ =~\ JO`~ O|O^x He LO\~. a) Factor Market, b) Product Market H~H
=~\ LùH~H H qH [~Q#. nxx Upper Outer circle zOK#. = =~\ = =
H qH [~Q#. nxx Lower outer Circle zOK#.
^= "O: @O JOkOz# H~H = O u (@HO, "`# O, =_, ) KeO K#. JO>
PÔ O #Oz @O =OK#. J> @O O OkOz# = = =O K #. JO>
PÔ @O#Oz O =OK#. nx< ^= "O JO^~. Inner Circle ^= "x zOK#.
O `= PÔ "`x H~H = =O K x, @O `= PÔ "`x = =
=O K x, " O K _O [iyOk. JO> O Qx, @OQx ZO\ ^ K =.
H|\ O =O @O| PÔ HQ, @O| =O O P^=Q#.
D #=<#Oz HOk JO Q OK=K.
1) O K Lù H~H KeO Q$~OQxH =K H~H PÔ
2) Q$~OQO H = = =O O PÔ
3) "Ò qxQO O = = Lù
4) "= "O ^= "O
B) Two - Sector Model with savings and Investment: nxx q` = PiH == JO^~.
x*xH @O `= =z# P^=O` =O K =. PÔ =O K x Q" ^.
(A part of the Income which is not spent by house holds is called saving). TOKx J=~, =$^ O
^`H @O ^ K #. O _ P^#O` H~H = =O K =. `~ Q^
x^ Q#, Oz@|_x ~O HO` ^ K~.
Leakages: O #Oz @O Ok# P^=O` qxQO K H, HO` ^K O "
PÔ `Q # . JO> @O| ~OQO#Oz, O ~OQxH PÔ =OK@_ ^ J<k =x `yO K@
^~, P^ "x `yO K#. JO^K ^# Leakage (withdrawal) in circular Flow of Income JO^~.
=^# =~\ (q` O ): Q$~OQO, O ~OQO K# ^ O, c= O , Mutual
Funds O\ q` O K~ #. nxx = ^# =~\ JO^~. Wk ^ K# "ix, @|_ >" ix,
JK"iH, JC fH<"iH =^ =i` O =OK#. JO> q` O Ki# ^ uiy ~}Q O
HiOz, "\x @|_Q _`~.
Injection: O ~}Q f# "`x uiy @|_Q @#. @|_ _ =" H|\, @|_
P^ =x OK#. JO^K @|_x Injection into the circular Flow of Income JO^~.
P^ KH " =Ò: P^ KH "O =Ò LO_O> @O, O K ^
(Leakages), O K @|_H (Injection) =#OQ LO_e.
^ P^ "x `yO K#. @|_ P^ "x OK#. ^, @|_ =#"# _
(S = I), ^ H OHK e Ò (Contractionary effect), @|_ H q~ }
e Ò (Expansionary
effect) =#" P^~ =#OQ LO_#.
Equilibrium Condition of Circular Flow of income is S = I
^ @|_x JkQq (S > I), P^ "O `Q # .
@|_, ^x JkQq (I > S), P^ "O ~Q#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 51
ECONOMY
= "
LùH~H O
LùH~H Ke O
S S
Q$~OQO =^# =~\ O ~OQO
I
= = =O
= = "O
2. =_ ~OQ #=< (Three - Sector Model):
~ O_ ~OQ PiH == ` ~OQx Ki =_ ~OQ PiH == =O k. nxx i< PiH
== JO^~.
#: |Ò @O| ~OQO, O ~OQO # qkOK@ ^~ PÔ O^#. # KeO K@=
@O, O K =O `Q # . e ÒQ P^ "O `Q # . JO^K ## Leakage into the
Circular Flow of Income JO^~.
`=O: # ^~ =z# P^x @O|, O ~OQO Ò =O K #. (a) @O

JOkOK Lù H~H = "`< , r` ~O =O K #. =i @O |kb KeO ~O
(L^: =$^ OK#, x~^Q$ u, ~+ ) =O K #. (b) O LùK = = =O
K @^~ =i O a_ WK@ ^~ =O K #.
|kb KeO ` Ò#Oz @O, O ^="O LO@Ok Hx, "\#Oz `xH
ZO\ "= "O LO_^ .
` =O= P^ "O ~Q#. JO^K ` =x Injection in the circular Flow of
Income JO^~.
Ò `# =z# P^#O` (#), uiy =O, |kb KeO ~O =O K P^

"O =Ò LO_#.
=_ ~OQ #=< Taxes = Government Expenditure J~#_ P^ "O =Ò LO_#.
T=G
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 52
ECONOMY
O
=

= L` u H~H = Ke O

=
=^# =~\
~ } S
S

(I)
O ~OQO
@O| ~OQO
S ~
_
a
}
H~H

#
Ke
#Q
( I)
O
|k
=
b
Ke
=
O
` ~OQO
3) <Q ~OQ #=< (Four Sector Model):

WO`=~ q^j "~O x =_ ~OQ Qi KiO_" O k. nxx Closed Economy JO^~. A Closed
Economy is an Economy which does not engage in International Trade. Hx "" xH uÔ q^j "~O
=Y ` +OK#. Q$ { O { `~OQxH q^j "~O (Rest of the World) Ki, Jk Open
Economy Q =|_#. q^j "~O x PiH ==# Autarky Jx _ JO^~.
q^j "~O ~ O_ ==~O\~. (a) = = ZQ=`, (b) = = kQ=`.
== ZQ=`=, q^#Oz ZQ=u PÔ =K#. nx= Ô P^ "O ~Q#.
JO^K ZQ=` Injection into the circular Flow of Income Q =|_#.
== kQ=`= Ô [iQ =O q^ =#. JO> PÔ q^ =@K P^
"O `Q # . JO^K kQ=` Leakage into the circular Flow of Income Q =|_#.
Ô #Oz |@k (Out Flow), Ô H =Kk (In Flow), =#OQ L#_ P^ "O
=Ò LO_#. JO> kQ=` q= ZQ=` q= (M = X) =#OQ LO_e.
(a) Q$~OQO q^#Oz == kQ=u K Hx "iH KeO K Q, LùH~H = JOkOK@^~
Foreign remittance O^#.
(b) O == #, =# (Shipping, Insurance, Banking etc.) ZQ=uK PÔ O^Q, = =#
kQ=u K Hx "\ q^ =O K #.
(c) Ò _ = =# ZQ=u, kQ=u K H##. D =_ ~OQ q^ #Oz O^ P^
In Flow HQ, q^ KeO K KeO Out Flow JQ#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 53
ECONOMY
Leakages have a contractionary effect on National Income

Injections have an Expansionary pressure on National Income
~OQO Leakages Injections Equilibrium

Two-Sector Economy Saving (S) Investment (I) S=I
Three Sector Economy Saving (S) + Taxes (T) Investment (I) + Government
Expenditure (G) S+T=I+G
Four-Sector Economy Saving (S) + Investment (I) + S+T+M=I+G+X
Taxes (T) + Government Expenditure (G) +
Imports (M) Exports
^#`: (a) PiH == qq^ ~OQ UqÔ Q JO`~ O |OÔ (Inter - related) He L#q, ~ ~O UqÔ Q
P^~_ # q (Inter - dependent) nx^~ Q OK=K.
(b) nx ^~ P^ i=}O (Size of Income) x~~ OK=K.
PiH =`xH J=~" # +~` Q OK=K. L^: ~ O_ ~OQ #=< ^, @|_
(c)
=#"` PÔ =Ò LO_#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 54
ECONOMY
4. =#"a=$k p
P.Q.L.I. H\
O z# 10 O=`~ `~ "` SH~[ quH KOk# UNDP "~ 1990 #Oz HDI #
~OkOz, O K ^ =#"a=$kx, ~# è x"kH# u O=`~O q_^ K < ~.
^xH x["# O^ P Ô x [. [ K# , ZOH # q $`~ K _ " PiHa=$k =Y
H O. =#"a=$kx OH O Q HeK ^# " D zH.
''[ ZOH # q $Ò K _O`@ * # OOkOK H=x =#"a=$k Jx ''=|
L H x~zOK#.
1990 #Oz HDR # UNDP "~ K i< ~. "^@ HDR UNDP "~ HDI x K iOzi.
Wk Mahbub-Ul-Haq P^ ~O ~OkOK|_#. D û `~ "` qi OK|_@"HH, Refined K |_`
=zOk. `~ "` HO =#"a=$kH KOk# W`~ p Ja=$k K =K~. ` O UNDP `#
HDR 6 p K iO k.
1. HDI 1990 - Human Development Index. (=#"a=$k p)
2. GDI 1995 - Gender Related Development Index. (eOQ O|Ok` Ja=$k p)
3. GEM 1995 - Gender Empowerment Measure (eOQ kH~` H=#O)
4. HPI-I 1997 - Human Poverty Index - I (=#= îH pI)
5. HPI-II 1998 - Human Poverty Index - II (=#= îH pII)
6. TAI 2001 - Technology Achievement Index. (OHuH ^< p)
HDI ;
1990 nxx ~OkOK#.
HDI ~H
# =|LH, iK~ *b, Q"~ h+, " <^ ^, OH = PiH" ` J=~ <
H$+ LOk.
J~#\H 'HDI ~teQ =|LHx ~O\~.
HDI f< JO :
Wk 3 JO kOz# Q@ e `# `#.
Z) n~H P~Q=O`" # r=#O : nxx P~ O ` Q} ~ .
Longevity of life measured by life expectancy at birth.
a) q*#O (Knowledge) : nxx JH~ `` Q} ~
=[# JH~ ` (2/3 =O` ~O)
^q H, kf, `$f q^ L=_ #"^ x+u (1/3 =O`)
) "~Q # r=# =}O (Standard of living) :
nxx "= ì l._. ^~ H~ . (US $PPP ^~ Purchasing Power Parity)
P~ O, JH~ ` ì l._. =#~O W=|_#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 55
ECONOMY
P~ O, q^, r=# =}xH =#~O W=|_#.

A) Life Expectancy Index (LEI) P~ O
B) Educational Attainment Index (EAI) q^ ^# zH
C) Standard of Living Index (SLI) r=# =} zH
nxx PQLI x Q}O z# û Q} ~ . HDI = (LEI + EAI + SLI)
HDI x Q } O K @ H x + , Q i + q= :
Previous method 2010 Method
Dimensions Indicators Min. Max. Indicators Min. Max.
1. P~QO P~ O (at birth) 25 85 P~ O (at birth) 20 83.2

2. q*#O =[# JH~ ` ~ @ 0% 100% a)Expected years of schooling 0 20.6
L=_ #"^ x+u 0% 100% b) Mean years of schooling 0 13.2
3. r=# =}O GDP Percapita (PPP US $) 100 40,000 GNI Percapita (PPP US $) 163 108211
Q@
JOH=^ =O Q}=^ =O
JO p (Component Index) = "= q= Hx+ q=
1
Qi+ q= Hx+ q=
2010 HDR HDI Q}# #`#OQ K# =~ 3
1. ì P^Q}# ì GDPH |^ ì GNI x fH<#.
2. JH~ ` =[# JH~ `, L=_ #"^ x+uH |^ Expected years of schooling, Mean years of
schooling# " ># .
3. =_ JO H Hx+, Qi+ q= =~#.
4. =_ JO Q@ Q}O K@_ =# JOH=^ =O# |^ Q}=^ =x fH<#.
3 LEI, EAI, SLI

HDR 2009 HDI P^~_ O K ^# 4 ~HQ ql OK#. HDR2010 q[ #

Z) ` = =#"a=$k ^ 0.000 #O_ 0.499 0.000 0.479
a) =^ ~ =#"a=$k ^ 0.500 #O_ 0.799 0.480 0.669
) JkH =#"a=$k ^ 0.800 #O_ 0.899 0.670 0.784
_) J`kH =#"a=$k ^ 0.900 #O_ 1.000 0.785 1.000
HDR 2007: 2005 Q}OH P^~OQ 2007 HDR x K iOzi. nx 177 ^ fHQ ...
"^\ #O Iceland, 177= #O Sierra leone, 128= #O India
HDR 2008: 2006 Q}OH P^~OQ 2008 HDR # ~OkOzi. nx 179 ^ fHQ...
"^\ #O Iceland, 179 = #O Sierraleone, 132= #O India
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 56
ECONOMY
HDR 2009 : 2007 Q}OH P^~OQ 2009 HDR x ~OkOzi. nx 182 ^# fHQ
"^\ #O <~. 182 #O <Q ~ HQ, WO_ #O 134.
HDR 2010 : Human Development Report 2010x #=O|~ 2010 H\ O K#. nx HDI q= P^~OQ
<Q ~HQ ^ ql OK|_#.
1) Very high human developed countries 42
2) High human developed countries 43
3) Medium human developed countries 42
4) Low human developed countries 42
169
gx "^\ ~HO ^ Ja=$k KOk# ^HQ, qye# =_ Ja=$k KO^`# ^Q

=|_`<~.
2010 HDR ~OkOK@ =Y` +Oz#k *xQ = <.
^# OÔ : The Real Wealth Nations : Pathways to Human Development.
2010 HDR "^\ 5 ^, z=i 5 ^, WO_ H W~Q ~Q## ^ D qÔ Q L<~.
"^\ 5 ^ z=i 5 ^ ~` ~Q ^
Rank Ô Rank Ô Rank Ô
1 <~ (0.938) 165 "*OaH 89 K< (0.663)
2 Pe 166 |~O_ 91 NOH (0.658)
3 #lO_ 167 <Q~ 107 =b= (0.602)
4 J"iH 168 _"H\H iaH P HOQ 119 WO_ (0.519)
5 S~O_ 169 lO(0.140) 125 H< (0.490)
129 |OQ^ (0.469)
132 =<~(0.451)
138 < (0.428)
155 Px < (0.349)
~`H O > =O^# W~Q~Q ^: K< , NOH, =b=,
~`H O > "#HO[ L# W~Q ~Q ^: H<, |OQ^ , =<~, <, Px <
Q "#H|_# P Ô Px < (155 = ~OH)
HDI ~OHOQ ~`H ~ O_ " Q ^ H =~ (118 ~OH)
~` (119 ~OH)
`= ~ (120 ~OH)
BRICS ^ (l, ~, WO_ , K< , ^H}
H )
65 ~ (0.719) (BRICS ^ "^\ #O)
73 l (0.699)
89 K< (0.663)
110 ^H} H (0.597)
119 WO_ (0.519) (BRICS ^ z=i#O.)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 57
ECONOMY
2010 HDR H~O ~` P=}O 64.4 O=`~

Expected Years of Schooling 10.3
Means Years of Schooling 4.4%
ì GNI 3,337 (US$ PPP)
HDI ~OH W\=~ H #_ 8 ~ "^\ #O O^Q
<~ 8 ~
[< 3 ~
SO_ 2 ~ "^\ #O O^#.
PiH= $k, =#"a=$k =^ O|OÔ :
^~}OQ Z= PiH =$k Hey# ^ =#"a=$k _ Z=Q< LO@Ok. ` = PiH= $kQ
^ ` = =#"a=$k LO@Ok.
J~` D O|OÔ Z_ WQ LO@O^x K O. Hx ^ JkH PiH= $k L#\H, =#"a=$k
` =Q LO_=K. =iHx ^ ` = PiH= $k L#\H JkH =#"a=$k LO_=K.
PiH =$k =#"a=$k Qu x OKÒ^x YzÒQ K O. L^ : =# ì GDP 2753
(PPP$) HQ, ~OHOQ 134= #O kOzOk. J^ qÒ ` = ì GDP Hey L#\H
(2600$) JkH =#"a=$kx Hey (0.725) 116 = #O LOk. qÒ HO> ~` JkH =$kx
Hey#\H P =$k ~` L`= q^, P~Q H~ HeOKH ~O^x Ò k. qÒ
` = PiH =$k` [ JkH =#"a=$kx JOkOKQe yOk.
qq^ ~ HDI
=#Ô K ~ =^ ~ O K ^` =#OQ L<~. H|\ "\ =^ HDI
`_ `H#@ HDI Q}O K@ J=~O . nx 3 ` =Y"# q.
1997 UNFPA "~ ~` =#"a=$k (Human Development)
"India Towards Population and Development Goals" J< H x K iOzi.
Mahbub-Ul-Haq `# H O "Human Development in South Asia, 1997" _ qq^ ~ =^
HDI # Q}O K#.
1. <> _ <+< O _ ~ +< UHq \ ( UNFPA) : 3 JO P^~OQ Human Development
Q}Oz#k.
Z) Index of life expectancy (r=<~ zH)
a) Index of Per capita income SDP (~R ì P^ zH)
) Index of Education (q^ zH)
UNFPA "i Q}# "^\ #O Ok# ~RO H~
z=i#O (15) Ok# ~RO c~
PO^^#O 9= ~OH
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 58
ECONOMY
2. =|LH _ W" JO f#\H Hk =Ò Q^. q^ p Literacy Rate

fx, School Enrollment Ratio q_z># .
=|LH Q}# "^\ #O Ok# ~RO H~
z=i #O Ok# ~RO =^ ^
PO^ ^ #O 9= ~OH
3. _II a+l`Q : D# =#"a=$kH KOk# K JO L#\H UNFPA, Haq J^ <
"\x q_z\# q J<#. =#"a=$kH =~ 3 JO K~ #. "Ò 6 JO. gx` 4 zH
` ~ K#. Wq 198894 =^ O`xH KOk#q. J~` "^_ r =Ò UNDP "i^ L yOK#.
Z) The Quality of life (r=# <}`)
a) Poverty eradication (îH x~#)
) Urbanisation (@} H ~ } )
Z) Quality of life : 5 JO ^~ xiOK#.
1. Access to safe Drinking Water (~H` " # `Qh~ H~ O)
2. q^` H<H<
3. O=`~O "Ò g^ ~A 2 @ [#O
4. H WO_ x"O
5. "Ò [< = _ ` ( ` P`)
a) Poverty Eradication : }oH O O x} Q K# "~ î^~ Y # # "ix (APL)
"ix fO\~.
) @}H~} : 1991 H H~O fO\~.
g\ H~O HDI1, HDI2, HDI3, HDI4 Q ql OK#.
J~` Hk =`#\H UNFPA, HAQ, GUHA , UNDP Methodology < "_#.
\ 5 ~ H ~, =~R, O*, `q<_, ~<
kQ= 5 ~ =^ ^ , Xi, ~[<, L`~ ^ , c~
=^ 5 ~ Q[~`, H~@H, t=OQ, PO^ ^ , JO.
"^\ #O z=i (15) #O A.P. #O
1) UNFPA H~O H~ c~ 9= ~OH
2) Haq (H) H~O H~ =^ ^ 9= ~OH
3) Guha (Q) H~O
A) HDI1 H~ L`~ ^ 9= ~OH
B) HDI2 H~ L`~ ^ 9= ~OH
C) HDI3 H~ Xi 7= ~OH
D) HDI4 H~ Xi 6= ~OH
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 59
ECONOMY
GUHA : UNDP û x J=OaOz#\H "\x qi OK#. Q p HDI4 =Q" # p.

K H^y# q+ O Uq@O> Q H 4 p# H ~ ^= #O LOk. kQ= #O =Ò
=~`<~.
PO^ ^ q+ O q~Ô Q LOk. HDI1 9= #O.
HDI4 6= #O.
Q p _ =#"a=$kx è Hx JO K~ = LOk.
Q ~# QOÔ "A study of inter-state Disparity"
1. P~ O
2. ~R ì PÔ
3. JH~ ` HDI1
4. r=# <}` HDI2
5. îHO HDI3
6. @}
H ~ }
HDI4
NATIONAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT - 2001

*f =#"a=$k x"kH (NHDR) # =#Ô }oH O O ~OkOz#k.
}oH O O ~OkOz# *f =#"a=$k i~# 2002 K iOK#. 1981, 1991,
2001 HxH }oH O O ~"sQ, Ô "Ò Q ` ~ K#. ^ÒO H~` H~}OQ 15
~H 2001 =#"a=$k px ~OkOK#. UNDP L yOz# n~H =O`" # r=#=,
q^^# , PiH ^# < Wk _ L yOz< HOKO =Ò H^. 15 ~ =#"a=$k
zH PO^ ^ k 10= #O.
UNDP "i, } oH O O "i =#"a = $k JO i eH
UNDP zH JO }oH OO zH (NHDR)
1. P~ O (\# \ #Oz) n~H =O`" # r=#O 1) P~ O (O=`~O #Oz) 65%
t =~} ~ @ 35%
2. JH~ ` (=[< JH~ ` { q^^# 2) JH~ ` ~ @ (7 OII P# )
L=_ #"^ x+u) x` q^ ^#` W=|_#.
3. "= ì PÔ PiH ^# 3) "= ì qxQ =O
(US$PPP )
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 60
ECONOMY
NHDR Q}# }oH O O f# Hx+, Qi+ q=

Hx+O Qi+O
P~ O 50 OII 80 OII
JH~` 0% 100%
qxQ=O (<) 65 ~. 325 ~.
=#"a=$k p ~ : =_ H# ~` =#"a=$k p ~Q` =zOk.
1981 1991 2001
India 0.302 0.381 0.472
A.P. 0.298 0.377 0.416
JO`~f =} H~O <\H ~`^ O ` = =#"a=$k Q Ô .
1. PO^ ^ =#"a=$k (0.416), WO_ (0.472) HO> ` =Q LOk.
15 ~ PO^ ^ 1981, 1991 9= ~OH# 2001 10= ~OH# Ok#k.
1. =#"a=$k p H ~ "^\ #O O^Q c~ z=i #O Ok#k.
z# ~, H O^ e` O` qQ` "xHO> "~Q # e `x< ~.
HDI O=ìHOQ 2.4% ~ @` 1980#,
3% ~ @` 1990# =$k KOk#k.
=#"a=$k ZQ=## ~ (0.5 # ) kQ=## ~ (0.4 )
1) H ~ (0.638) 11) Xi
2) O* (0.537) 12) =^ ^ (0.394)
3) `q<_ (0.531) 13) L`~ ^ (0.388)
4) =~R (0.523) 14) JO (0.386)
5) ~< (0.509) 15) c~ (0.367)
H~ HDI q= 0.638. c~ HDI q= 0.367.
PiHO Q "~Q_# ~ =#"a=$k z "~QQ LOk. PiHO Q "#H|_# ~ =#"a=$k
z "#H|_ LOk. J~` =^ P^ ~ D O|OÔ H#|_@^ .
~ =^ P^ J=#` HO>, ~ =^ HDI J=#` ` =Q L<~. J#Q ì
PÔ ` = =#\H ~ P~QO, q^ J=OaOK q^< H~}O.
=#"a=$k J`kH #O Q H ~, PÔ =^ ~ PÔ Q ~RO.
=~R PÔ "^\ #O HQ, =#"a=$k 4= #O.
HDI ~` =$k gH :
19802010 O=`~ =^ =#"a=$k ~` ^H # ~O@ 0.320 #O_ 0.519 ~O@
iQ~. D ~Q^ 62% Q LOk.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 61
ECONOMY
1980= ^H O z=i ~A ~` 0.5 ~O@ ~x ^@_O ^~ J =#"a=$k kOz#

^ =~O #Oz =^ qH =#"a=$k kOz# ^ =~O H K~ #_ K< <_ WO_ L#
#O LO_k. =#"a=$k D ~ O_ ^ =^ ^^ ~ O_ ^ =Ò LO^x D q+ O
`Òk. ` O 0.663 ~O@` 89 = ~O L# K< Hk O=`~ JkH =#"a=$k
^ *a`H Ki=K. aH (BRIC) ^x qye# ~ O_ ^# ~, l JkH =#"a=$k
^ *a`H Z_ K~ <~. q\ x< qz#"# `~ "` ~ =#"a=$k ~OHOQ
kQ*i#\H uiy W\= HO OAH=_O ~OaOzOk.
1980 #Oz K ~` =#"a=$k p "~Q^ kOz#\H D "~Q^ PiHa=$k
~ @` =# ~ ^ . Q` J~^ Q K ^ GDP =$k ~ @ L~H ` ` Ok. Hh =#"a=$k
~ @ JO^ Hh ~ _ ^ . O K ^ ~i =#"a=$k zH 0.624 HQ =#
^xk 0.519 =`" J~` ^H} (0.516) q= HO> Z=.
~` PiHa=$k` kOz# e ` =#"a=$kH PtOz# ~ ^Ô K _O ^x qu
"MxOK_x |\ K =*xH PiHa=$k JO^=#O`Q JO^_O ^x Ò k.
~` =#"a=$k "~Q^ L#\H nxHO> PiHa=$kH ^ @ " =Ò [ OK~x
ZxH .q.#~O ~=, "*~ ` `# O H=_O ~A= K < ~. Pe *< "~
` `# O _ W^ q+ x +O KOk.
PO^^ =#"a=$k x"kH ( ANDHRA PRADESH HDR)
PO^ ^ =#"a=$kx ~OkOK ^ `# PiH, =lH J^ < O (CESS-Centre for
Economic and Social Studies) K\ O k. PO^ ^ HDR # ~OkOK_O W^ "^\ i.
=#Ô "^@Q =#"a=$kx ` ~ K# ~RO =^ ^ .
200405 PO^ ^ îHO 15% =~ LOk.
[< ~Q^# JiH@_ O , O |$O^ Ja=$k PO^ ^ Q}h"# Qu kOzOk.
=~" HDI K ` = LOk. 15 ~ 10= #O LOk. PiHa=$k kOz#\H,
=lHa=$k =Ò Q "#H|_ LOk.
Ô JH~ ` ` =Q L# ~ PO^ ^ XH\ . ^ JH~ ` 65% HQ ~+ JH~ ` 61%
=`"
îH x~#, Hi, |_=x"# "iH O`#^ .
îHO ` =Q LO_ Hi Z=Q L# ~ PO^ ^ XH\.
Lk J=H `Q~ :
~RO Lk =$k
OII Q= @} "Ò
198394 2.44% 4.01% 2.72%
19942005 0.72% 1.87% 0.95%
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 62
ECONOMY
1983 #O_ 199394 =~ Lk ~OQO Ja=$k 2.7%

O~} `~ "` 199394 #O_ 200405 =^ 0.95%Q #"^ J~Ok. Wk Ô < K ` =.
W^ =O *f~ Lk 1.9%Q #"Ô k.
=~H PO^# q+ O 19932000` e 19992005 =^ x[ "`< `y ~. 200405
<\H PO^ ^ x Hi 94% =Ok JO \` ~OQO "~.
GSDP == ~OQO "\ 1950 60% ` O 22% `yO k.
1960, 70 ^ ==xH x^ H \~O Oz#\H 1980, 1990 D ~OQO x~H xH
Q~ O k.
PiHa=$k, ì P^ *f~ ~i` ^Q~Q L<, =#"a=$k zH Lk
J=H Ja=$k PO^ ^ Q "#H|_ LOk.
ì PÔ =O^# qY@O P~QO, q^ "#H|_ LOk. t=Q^=i, H$, <~ ,
z`~ l ì PÔ H< q^ ~Qu LOk.
Hi : Qg} O` Hi Z=Q L<~. 1014 OII =^ =Q
Z=Q L<~.
199394 14.8% 200405 6.6% Wk *f~ HO> ~ \O Q LOk.
l"s HDI :
HDI Rank
l 1991 2001
^~^ 1 1
H$ 2 2
=|#Q~ 22 23
q[#Q~O 23 22
l"sQ K ~RO =#"a=$k ^= #O ^~^ HQ, ~ O_= #O H$.
=# ~RO =#"a=$k "#H|_# "^\ l =|#Q~ HQ ~ O_= "#H|_# l q[#Q~O .
200203 PÔ ^~ K Z= PÔ Hey# l qY@O.
200203 PÔ H~O ~RO ` = PÔ Hey# l q[#Q~O .
2001 ~RO q^ "^\ #O Ok# l ^~^.
2001 ~RO q^ "#H|_# l =|#Q~
2001 ~RO P~QO "^\ #O Ok# l ^~^.
2001 ~RO P~Qa=$k "#H|_# l q[#Q~O .
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 63
ECONOMY
5. A.P. ECONOMY
PO^ ^ ^ QoH q~ O 8.37% Hey LO_ Ô <= Ju^ ~ROQ LOk.

PO^ ^ Ô 5= Z= [< Hey# ~RO
200809 <\H xH~ Q q 109.60 H H~` "Ò ~RO QoH q~ O 39.8% Hey
LOk.
PO^ ^ 62 H H~ J@g OÒ Hey LOk.
Ô 2= Ju^ H f~x Hey L# ~RO PO^ ^ (974 H.g.)
2001 [< H H~O Qg} [< 72.7%, @} [< 27.3% Hey LOk.
, ~+ x+ux ije 2001 <\H 978 LOk. Wk WO_ (933) HO> "~QQ LOk.
~R Lù f~`# (State Domestic Product Trends):
XH^ PiH == f~`#, qq^ ~OQ Ja=$k H_ #, "\ ^#`# OQ `H=_xH
*f^ JOK< LHi ~. J^qÔ Q XH ~R PiH iu x, Ja=$k H_ #, qq^ ~OQ ^#`#
J=Q# K H=_xH P ~R Lù JOK< L Q_ ` ~.
GSDP (Gross State Domestic Product):
''~R QoH Z ik XH O=`~ HO Lù K |_# Jx = = q=# ~R Lù
(GSDP) JO^~.
Lù K |_# Jx = = q=# He` Gross Value of Output =O k. nx#Oz "\ LùHO
L yOz# =Ô`~ L`^H q=# f" H|_# q= (Gross Value Added) =O k.
Gross Value Addeed = Gross Value of Output Intermediate Inputs.
JO> Lù q= (GVO) #O_, =^ O`~ Lù H~H q=# f" GVA =O k.
D GVA < GSDP JO^~.
NSDP (Net State Domestic Product):
H|_# q= (GVA) #Oz, ~ =^# qxQ q= (Consumption of Fixed capital) #
f" H|_# xH~ q= (Net value Added NVA) =O k.
D NVA < NSDP JO^~.
~ =^# qxQx (CFC), `~ Q^ (D) JO^~.
GVA CFC = NVA (^)
GSDP D = NSDP (H|\ NVA = NSDP)
=~\ ^~ L# NSDP #O_ xH~ ~H # f" LùH~H Ys^ ^$ NSDP =O k. nx<
~Ô/ xH~ ~R Lù JO^~.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 64
ECONOMY
~R ì PÔ :
~R P^x, ~R [<K y ~R ì PÔ =O k.
NSDPFC NVAFC
~R ì PÔ (^)
~R [< ~R [<
DES (Directorate of Economics and Statistics): 1971 O K~.
~` *f^x H O^ Q}OH O (Central Statistical Organisation) Q}O KQ, ~R P^x ~R
PiH, Q}OH O (Directorate of Economics and Statistics DES) Q} O k.
=kO ^` :
*f ~ *fÔ ^j Lù, *f Lù Jx ~ O_ ~HQ H OK_ #. ~` QoH
i^ [iQ Lù ^j LùHQ ^ QoH J=^ ` xqÒ O_ ~f, ~`^ O
$+O K P^x *f Lù JO^~.
W^ û ~R Lùx =<~O Q ~ O_ q^< H OK=K.
A) Pq~q OK PÔ (Income Originating):
~R QoH i^ $+O K|_ P^ =`" H OK|_#. *f ~ nxx GDP `
~ .
Note: ~R [ W`~ ~Qx, W`~ ^Qx OkOK PÔ# H OK~ .
~R Lùx H OK_xH H=e# ^Ò =K~O ~RO O H=_O` PK~} D q^#O< ~R
Lùx H < ~.
B) kO K PÔ (Income Accruing):
~R QoH i^ ` O|OÔ O_ ~R x"` W`~ ~#O_ Qx, W`~ ^#O_Qx
aOK PÔ# nx H~. JO> ~R [ ~RO " LùK == q=# _ nx
K~ ~ . *f~ nxx GNP ` ~ .
J~` nxH H=e# ^Ò =K~O ~RO O HH=@K, "^\ û ^~< (Income Originating),
GSDP x Q} < ~.
~R Lù (GSDP) x, =_ ^` ^~ =kO K < ~.
1) Lù =kO û (Production Approach)
2) P^ =kO û (Income Approach)
3) = =kO û (Expenditure Approach)
GSDP =kO L^ xH, ~R PiH ==# OQ ==, iqH, "~OQQ ql < ~.
^ # ~OQ# =~ L~O QQ ql OK#. Jx L~O Q He "Ò 17. g\...
6 L ~OQ Lù =kO û x
10 L ~OQ P^ =kO û x
1 L ~OQO = =kO û x L y< ~.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 65
ECONOMY
A) Lù =kO û :
PiH == Q "Ò = = q=# He, ^x #Oz Lù H L yOz# =^ O`~
L`^H# f" @ ^~ nx q=# O^`~.
1. ==O, 2. O^, 3. J@g O^, 4. K OHO , 5. Q# `=HO, 6. =#HiOQ
(il+~ ) ~OQ nxx L y~ .
B) P^ =kO û :
Lù H~H =K u K~ @^~ J#Q @HO, "`< , r`, =_, H@ ^~ nx
q=# O^`~.
1. =#HiOQ (J< il+~ ) , 2. q^` Q, h\ ~ ~ , 3. =~H O , @, ~ ~ O\, 4. ~ ~"},
5. W`~ ~"}, x, 6. =K~O, 7. OHOQ c=, 8. i Z\ , W`~ "~ =, 9. ` #, 10.
W`~ =. D 10 L ~OQ nxx L y~ .
C) = =kO û :
=O [iQ ^ P^x Q}O K@ ^~ nx q= O^`~. "Ò PÔ qxQO =i
^Q =~#. D ~ O_O\x K~ @^~ nx q=# O^=K.
1. x~}~OQO ==kO û x L y< ~.
` ~ ^~ GSDP :
*fÔ = ~R P^x _ ` (Current Price) ^~ #, ~ ^~ # (Constant
Price) Q} ~ .
` O=`~ ^~ = = q=# JOK<" ` ^~ GSDP =O k. J~` Wk PiH
== "= =$kx zOK^ . H~}O nx ~ O_ " He LO_#.

1. = = =~, 2. = = ^~ =~. D ~ O_O\ Uk =i< GSDP =~#. ^~ =~
"h `yOKO^ ~ ^~ GSDP x JOK< "~ .
~ O=`~ ^~ GSDPx Q}O KO> P^~ O=`~x fH"e. Z@=O\ X_^_ x XH
=# O=`~x (Normal year) P^~ O=`~OQ fHO\~.
PO^ ^ W\=~ fH# P^~ O=`~ :
P^~O O=`~O fH# O=`~O
196061 1967
197071 1978
198081 1988
199394 1999
19992000 200506
2004 05 2009
` P^~ O=`~O 2004 05
P^~ O=`~x =~@ Q H~} :
Z) PiH == x~}O =K =~ `H#@
a) JO`~f =} `H#@
) J^ # ^` # "~Q~ K@
_) PiH == "q H =$kx `H#@
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 66
ECONOMY
GSDP qq^ ~OQ "\ :

195556 #Oz 200809 =^ qq^ ~OQ "\
~OQO 195556 20042005 20102011(AE)
^qH~OQO 64.5 27.9 24.6
kf~OQO 9.0 21.51 21.6
`$f~OQO 26.5 50.6 53.5
OQ ije ^q H ~OQO "\ GSDP 195556 #Oz 200809 (Q) <\H 65% #Oz
27% `y# k.
kf ~OQO "\ 9% #Oz 21.72%H iy#k.
`$f~OQO "\ 26.5% #Oz 51.16%H iy#k.
` xH PO^ ^ GSDP J`kH "\^~ `$f~OQO (~`^ O _ W^ iu LOk.)
PO^ ^ GSDP J`kH "\#OkOK ~ O_= ~OQO ^q H ~OQO (~`^ O =Ò `$f~OQO
`~ "` Z= "\ #OkOKk kf~OQO).
PO^ ^ GSDP ` = "\ #OkOKk kf~OQO (~`^ O ` = "\# JOkOKk ^q H
~OQO).
L ~OQ "sQ GSDP (~ ^~) :

Sl.No. ~OQO (Industry) 200101 200506 201011 (A)
% % %
1. ==O, J@g, =` O^
1.1Z ==O 20.14 15.40 12.24
1.1a O^ 6.45 7.17 5.58
1.2 J@g O^ 1.02 0.73 1.16
1.3 K OHO 2.53 2.37 2.52
== ~OQO 30.15 25.8 21.51
2. "x OQ Hs~OQ 2.84 3.02 3.05
3. =#HiOQ 11.49 11.67 11.05
3.1 il+~ 7.80 8.15 8.1
3.2 J< il+~ 3.68 3.51 2.9
4. q^`, Q, h\ ~ ~ 2.64 2.32 2.27
5. x~}O 5.63 7.72 8.34
iqH ~OQO (2{3{4{5) 22.61 24.73 24.7
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 67
ECONOMY
6. =~H O , @, ~ ~ O@ 13.27 13.32 14.41

7. ~"}, x, H=xH+# 7.28 9.78 8.96
7.1 ~ 1.40 1.42 1.03
7.2 W`~ ~"} x 4.21 4.74 5.20
7.3 =K~= 1.66 3.61 2.72
8 < xOQ, c=, i Z\ al< = 12.12 12.96 18.45
8.1 OHOQ, c= 4.18 4.66 6.45
8.2 i Z\ , al< = 7.93 8.29 12.00
9 =lH =HQ ` = 14.55 13.50 11.93
9.1 ` # 4.99 4.14 3.68
9.2 W`~ = 9.55 9.35 8.25
"~OQO (6{7{8{9) 47.22 49.57 83.8
L~O Q "sQ ije (201011 (AE) )
GSDP ==O ( O^` He) "\ 201011(A) <\H 17.82%xH `yO k.
O^# q#~Oz XH ==x fO> H =O 12% =`" =O k.
J@g O^ "\ 1.16% Q L#k.
"x OQ Hs~OQ "\ <=kQ ~QK 3%H KiOk.
"x OQ` He L# ^q H~O QO "\ 201011(A) <\H 24.5%H `yO k.
"x OQ` He L# iqH ~OQO J`kH "\# JOkOKk =#HiOQ ~OQO (11%). nx
JkH QO il+~ =#HiOQ ~OQx^.
iqH ~OQO ~ O_=#O x~}x^.
`$f / "~OQO JxO\ "\ ~QK#\H, #`# PiH O~} QOQ `~OQ
^#` =~@= =lH = "\ XH "~ Q `Q K #k.
<\ : PiH ==# ^q H, kf, `$f ~OQQ ql GSDP J`kH "\#OkOK@
"^\ #O `$f ~OQO
~ O_= #O ^q H ~OQO
z=i #O kf ~OQO
PiH ==# ==O, i=, = Jx ql 200506 `~ "` JOK< GSDP
"^\ #O "~OQO
~ O_= #O i= ~OQO
z=i #O == ~OQO
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 68
ECONOMY
~OQO 200405 201011(AE)

==O~OQO 25.1 21.5
iqH ~OQO 24.3 24.7
"~OQO 50.6 53.8
2001 =~ ~R GSDP, ì P^ =$k ~ @ :
O=`~O GDP & GSDP =$k ~ @ ì P^ =$k ~ @
A.P India A.P India
198081 #O_ 199091 5.5 5.37 3.33 3.24

199394 #O_ 2001 5.31 6.13 4.04 4.38
O~} ~O ~R GSDP =$k ~ @ 5.5%HQ, O~} `~ "` =$k ~ @ 5.31%H _ ~Ok.
O~} ~O, ~` HO> Z.. =$k ~ @ Z=Q LO_k, O~} `~ "` ~` HO> Z.. =$k
~ @ ` =Q LOk.
~R ì P^ =$k ~ @ O~} ~O (3.33%) HO>, O~} `~ "` (4.04H) iyOk.
P~H~O Q GSDP =$k ~ @ `y< , ì P^ =$k ~ @ iyOk. nxH H~}O 1990= ^H O
~RO [< ~Q^ ~ @ Q}hOQ `Q_ " .
200304 #Oz WO_ =$k ~ @ HO> ~R =$k ~ @ Z=Q LOk.

J~` 200809 ~ ^~ ~` =$k~ @ 6.7Q JOK< " Q ~R=$k ~ @ 5.02%Q JOK<
" |_#.
` ^~ GDP & GSDP =$k ~@
A.P India
O=`~O GSDP =$k ~ @ GDP =$k ~ @

(H@) % (H@) %
200607 3,01,035 17.62 39,52,241 16.60
200708(R) 3,64,813 21.19 45,81,422 15.92
200809(P) 4,15,832 13.98 52,82,086 15.29
200910(Q) 4,75,267 14.29 61,33,230 16.11
201011(A) 5,65,066 18.89 72,56,571 18.32
R = Revised P= Provisional Q = Quick A = Advanced
201011 (A) ` ^~ ~R GSDP =$k ~ @ 18.89%. Wk WO_ HO> Z=.

200607 ~R GSDP ` ^~ =~ 3,00.000 H@ ^@Q, 201011 (A) ~R GSDP
` ^~ =~ 5,65,000 H@ ~II ^\Ok.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 69
ECONOMY
P^~ O=`~O (~ ) ^~ GDP & GSDP =$k ~@

O=`~O GSDP =$k ~ @ GDP =$k ~ @
(H@) % (H@) %
200607 2,73,730 11.18 35,66,011 9.58
200708(R) 3,06,645 12.02 38,98,958 9.34
200809(P) 3,22,053 5.02 41,62,509 6.76
200910(Q) 3,40,712 5.79 44,93,743 7.96
201011(A) 3,71,007 8.89 48,79,232 8.58
~ ^~ ~R GSDP =$k ~ @ *f ~ HO> Z=Q LOk. J~` 200809, 20092010
=Ò ~R =$k ^= $k HO> ` =Q LOk. 201011(A) ~+ =$k Z=.
201011(A) ==~OQO 8.39%, iqH ~OQO 7.79%, "~OQO 9.61%, GSDP =$k
8.89% JOK< "#.
~ ^~ ~R GSDP 200607 2,73,000 H@ HQ 201011 (A) 3,71,000 H@ KiOk.
` ^~ ~R ^ ì P^, =$k ~ @ :
A.P India
O=`~O ì PÔ =$k ~ @ ì PÔ =$k ~ @
200607 33,135
16.10 31,198 15.02
200708(R) 39,727 19.89 35,820 14.82
200809(P) 45,007 13.29 40,605 13.36
200910(Q) 51,025 13.37 46,492 14.50
201011(A) 60,224 18.03 54,527 17.28
200607 ` ^~ ~R ì PÔ ~II 33,000/ HQ 201011 (A) ` ^~ ~R
ì PÔ ~II 60,224/H iyOk.
Q` Hx O=`~Q WO_ ì PÔ HO>, ~R ì PÔ Z=Q LO@ =zOk.
` ^~ 201011(A) ~R ì P^ =$k ~ @ 18.03%. Wk WO_ (17.28%) HO> Z=.
~ ^~ (20042005) ~R, ^ ì P^, =$k ~ @
A.P India
O=`~O ì PÔ =$k ~ @ ì PÔ =$k ~ @

200607 30,114 9.56 28,083 7.91
200708(R) 33,239 10.38 30,354 8.09
200809(P) 34,716 4.44 31,801 4.77
200910(Q) 36,345 4.69 33,731 6.07
201011(A) 39,240 7.97 36,003 6.74
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 70
ECONOMY
~ ^~ ~R ì PÔ 200607 ~II30,100/ HQ, 201011(A) <\H ~II39,200/H

iyOk.
~ ^~ ~R ì PÔ WO_ HO> Z=Q LOk.
~ ^~ ì P^ =$k ~ @ Q` Hx O=`~Q WO_ HO> =# ~RO Z=Q
L#\H, 200809, 200910 =Ò WO_ HO>, ~RO ` =Q LOk.
200910 xH~ ~Ô (NSDP) Z=Q Q ~ (` ^~):
1 =~+ 7,17,000 H@
2 L`~^ 4,28,000 H@
3 PO^^ 3,68,700 H@
ì ~R PÔ :
200910 ` ^~ J`kH ì PÔ Q ~, H Oê` O` :
1. KO_~ 1,28,000
2. O_K i 89,000
3. ~< 77,000
4. O* 61,000
J`kH ì PÔ Q H Oê` OÒ KO_ ~ (1,28,000/)
J`kH ì PÔ Q ~RO Q"
^ ~ J`kH PÔ Q ~RO ~< (77,878/)
Ju ` = ì PÔ Q ~RO c~ (14,654/)
GDDP (Gross District Domestic product) :
XH l QoH Z ik XH O=`~ HO Lù K# = = PiH q=#, P l "Ò

PÔ ( l Lù) JO^~.
` ^~ :
200910(Q) ` ^~ J`kHO Q GDDP Q l ^~^ (42,006 H@)
~ O_= l qY@O (36,229 H@)
J` GDDP Q l q[#Q~O (9,924 H@)
~ O_= l NHO (10,023 H@)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 71
ECONOMY
~ ^~ :
200910(Q) J`kH GDDP Q l ^~^ (31,670 H@)
~ O_= l qY@O (26,801 H@)
J` GDDP Q l NHO (6,819 H@)
~ O_= l q[#Q~O (7,117 H@)
O` "sQ ije J`kH PÔ =K OÒ ÒQ}
~ O_=k H PO^
J` PÔ =K OÒ ~=
l ì PÔ :
l P^x (GDDP), l [<K y ì l PÔ (per capita GDDP) =O k.
` ^~ :
200910(Q) J`kH l ì PÔ (ì GDDP) Q l
^~^ (86,012/)
~ O_=#O qY@O (73,964/)
J` l ì PÔ Q l NHO (33,779/)

~ O_= l =~OQ (37,614/)
~ ^~ :
200910(Q) J`kH l ì PÔ Q l
^~^ 64,620/
~ O_= #O qY@O 54,094/
J` l ì PÔ Q l NHO 23,010/
~ O_=#O q[#Q~O 26,621/
~ =^# H# : PiH == L`^H H =^# OK #O P^~_ LO@Ok. nxx
=^# H#` JOK< "~ . JkH =^# OK #O =# JkH =$k ~ @ Oq OK#.
~ = ^# H# (Gross Fixed Capital Formation GFCF) L`^H =~ O P^~_ #. nxx
Q}O KO^ = =kO û x "_`~. " \ H~~\ ~OQO GFCF O|OkOz# =K~O
RBI J^ < ^~ Hi~ .
GFCF# ~RO GSDP ÒQ =H ~ ~ .
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 72
ECONOMY
GFCF as percentage of GSDP
Year Andhra Pradesh All India

2004 - 05 25.86 31.31
2005 - 06 28.21 33.20
2006 - 07 28.82 34.04
2007 - 08 30.08 35.54
2008 - 09(P) 29.43 34.75
GFCF ` " \ ~OQ "\ ije " \ ~OQO "\ ~Q` =O k. J`kH "\ " \
~OQx^!
~OQO 19992000 200708 20082009(P)
" \ 67.7 70.36 69.95
` 32.3 29.64 30.05
GSDP ^#` :
~R PiHa=$k f~`# `H#@ L Q_ #.

~R ì PÔ#, `^~ [ r=# =}O# `H#@ L Q_ #.
~RO =K x~}`H =~ J=Q# L Q_ #.
~x, W`~ ~` e, ~R <x JOK< "O^ L Q_ #.
~RO qq^ ~OQ H ^#`# `H<O^ Q_ #.
~R }oH P^~O.
~RO ^, @|_ J=Q# Q_ #.
l"s Lùx Q}O K@^~, Of J=#`# J~O K H=K#.
~R PiH q^<# J=Q# K H#@ Q_ #.
PO^^ =$` "s q[# :
PO^ ^ PiH == x~}xH xK =HH =^ "~ ^ O H#|_Òk. Q` 40 O=`~#
ije =$` "s q[ # WOKqOKQ J\Q LOk. =~" qq^ ~OQ #Oz =K "\
K H^y# qÔ Q =~ =O k. ^q H~O QO #Oz #Oz =K "\ `Q ` =O k.
xK"i Ò =i GSDP "i Ò
~OQO 196061 200001
work force (%) GSDP(%) work force (%) GSDP(%)
^q H ~OQO 72 63.49 64.6 36.64
kf ~OQO 13 11.49 13.0 21.08
`$f ~OQO 15 25.02 22.4 42.28
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 73
ECONOMY
Q}OH ije == ~OQO P^~_ [< 72% #Oz 65%H `yO k. D `Q ^ K

` =Q LOk.
=~" Lù ije ^q H ~OQO "\ 63% #Oz 200001H 36%, 200607 <\H 26%H
`yO k. JO> GSDP ^q H ~OQO "\ Z=Q LOk.
JO`HH ==~OQO #Oz ì PÔ ` =Q LO__" HH `Q ` =O k. nx= P^
J=#` ~Q`#q.
== ~OQO xK"~ : (==^~, == q)
PO^ ^ == ~OQO ==^~ J#Ò x~O`~O `Q ` =O k. =~" 1971 #Oz
== q ~QK<~.Wk qKiOK^Q JOO
1991 `~ "` _ "Ò == ~OQO xK"~ 69% #"^ ~.
19912001 =^ ije "Ò xK "i == ~OQO xK"i Ò 68.6% #Oz
62%H `yO k. nxH H~}O ==O K ==^~ 27% #Oz 22%H `Q_ " .
2001 <\H 62% (==^~ { == b) xK "~ ==O P^~_ K<~.
Wk O* 39% `q<_ 49%Q LOk. JO`HH XHH ==^~_H Q@ # W^~ ==
q<~. c~ `~ "` J`kH == q# ~RO PO^ ^ .
HO ==^~ == "Ò ==^~, ==
q == ~OQO x K"~ q x+u
1961 40.12 28.59 68.71 0.71
1981 32.74 36.79 69.53 1.12
1991 27.74 40.87 68.61 1.47
2001 22.70 39.60 62.30 1.74
2001 <\H ==^~ 22.70% HQ ==q 39.60% H~.
PO^ ^ _ =Ò lH, lH =~Òk. `~Q^=i ==^~ 11.3% HQ,
== q 50.9%Q #"^ ~.
H$+, Q^=i OÒ == q Z=Q H OnH$`" L<~. nx=# q O} K
O~} J= K =# P=H` LO^x Ò k.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 74
ECONOMY
KEY POINTS
1. Lù, xH~ LùH `_ `~ Q^
2. Lù `~ Q^ xH~ Lù
3. xH~ Lù { `~ Q^ Lù
4. `~ Q^ =~H ~ ~ =^# qxQO
5. ^j Lù, *f LùH `_ xH~ q^j H~H PÔ (NFIA)
6. *f Lù NFIA ^j Lù

7. ^j Lù + NFIA *f Lù
8. U O^~ O GNP > GDPQ LO@Ok NFIA ^<`H"`
9. U O^~ O GDP > GNPQ LO@Ok NFIA ~}`H" `

10. =z# q^jH~H PÔ(R) q^j H~H KeO (P) NFIA
11. =~\ ^~ P^xH, Lù H~H Ys^ ^$

P^xH `_ xH~ ~H #
12. =~\ ^~ PÔ xH~ ~H # Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ
13. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ{xH~ ~ H # =~\ ^~ PÔ

14. xH~ ~H # J#Q ~H # a_
15. GDP + NFIA = GNP
16. GNP - `~ Q^ (D) NNP
17. NNP - xH~ ~H #

MP
NNPFC
18. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù< *fÔ JO^~

19. x~^Q $ u, q^~ HK ~+ , =$^ ,
i>~ J~#"iH WK O K# , ` ~}O =_ |kb KeO
20. *fÔ ` P #Oz =K PÔ,^
{ |kb KeO " \ PÔ
21. " \ PÔ Oz@|_x H~~\ # =+ PÔ
22. =+ PÔ =+ # =~ PÔ
23. *fÔ ì PÔ

[<
24. *f^ =$k ~ @ [< =$k ~ @ ì P^ =$k ~ @
25. ` =~\ ^~ *f^x H OK@ <==` *fÔ
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 75
ECONOMY
26. ~ ^~ *f^x H OK@ "= *fÔ

27. Value Added, Industrial origin, Net output method Lù =kO û
28. Gross value of output - intermediate consumption Gross value added
29. Gross value added - Depreciation Net value added
30. Lù =kO û *f^ Q}#,

K~e# JO O qxQO
Inputed Rent, Interest
31. Lù =kO û q#~OK=# JO Q$} =, ` == J=HO,

+~, O_ J=H= =K PÔ
32. Factor Payment, Distributed share method P^ =kO û
33. #, Hg+<, Lz` x~O, q^, ~"} O\
= "`# O, _q_O_, ` H~ J"@_, +~
J"@_ H~ Hg+< P^ =kO û K~e
34. K@ =u~H ^=O, |kb KeO , @s^~ =z#
PÔ P^ =kO û K~~^
35. Income disposal, consumption and investment method = =kO û

36. = =kO û GDP = C + I + G + (X - M)
37. xH~ ZQ=` J#Q ZQ=` kQ=`

38. q^j "~O x PiH == Closed Economy / Autarky
39. ~`^ *f^ Q}# L yOK û =_ ^` (Lù { P^ {

= =kO ^` )
40. Qg} O` x~}~OQO J=OaOK û = =kO û
41. ==O J@g, =` O^ { Q# `=HO ^q H ~OQO
42. kf ~OQO { Q# `=HO iqH ~OQO
43. 1980 =~ 3.5%Q L# =$k~ @# 'O^ =$k ~ @Q
"MxOz#k II ~*H$ +
44. WO_ J`kH =$k ~ @ #"^# O=`~O 198889
45. WO_ J`kH =$k ~ @ #"^# }oH 10= }oH (7.8%)
46. =#Ô JkH ~}`H =$k ~ @ Oq Oz# O=`~O 197980
47. =#Ô ` = =$k #"^# }oH 3= }oH
48. ` O *fÔ J`kH "\#OkOK ~OQO "~OQO (55%)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 76
ECONOMY
49. ` O *fÔ Ju ` = "\#OkOK ~OQO ^q H ~OQO

50. `, " \ ~OQ JkH "\#OkOKk " \ ~OQO
51. Qg}, @} O` JkH "\#OkOK ~OQO @} OÒ
52. ==H $ `, J==H $ ` ~OQ JkH "\#OkOK ~OQO J==H $ ` ~OQO
53. Qg} ^j Lù JkH "\# JOkOKk ==~OQO
54. "^\ iQ *f^x JOK< "# k ^^~ <~l
55. Poverty and UnBritish Rule in India QO^H ~ ^^~ <~l
56. ÒÒ ~ JOK< Z= `` _#
*f^ JOK< _II q.H.P~.q. ~=
57. *f^ Hq\ (1949)H J^ _ .. =<a
58. C.S.O. (Central statistical organisation) H O^ H~O #_b
59. ` O ~`^ O *f^x H OKk C.S.O
60. *f^ JOK< ` O fH< P^~ O=`~O 20042005

61. Q$} = H O, W<O@s =~ q= H@@
^= =~\H ~x == , K@ =u~H ^=O, =$u
` HH~ }
H =@ etc. *f^ Q}# =
62. Q$ ~OQO { O ~OQO Q PiH == Two sector Economy
63. ~ O_ ~OQ PiH == P^ KH "xH zÔ ^

64. ~ O_ ~OQ #=< P^ "xH Injection Uk @|_
65. ~ O_ ~OQ PiH == P^ =` x|O^# ^ @|_
66. Q$ { O ~OQxH ` ~OQO Ki` Three Sector Economy
67. =_ ~OQ PiH == LeakageQ =|_k #

68. =_ ~OQ PiH == InjectionQ x K #k ` =O
69. Closed Economy + q^j "~ ~OQO Four Sector / Open Economy
70. <Q ~OQ #=< LeakageQ xK #k kQ=`

71. <Q ~OQ PiH == InjectionQ xK #k ZQ=`
72. HDIx 1990 #Oz ~OkOKk UNDP
73. HDI ~te =|LH

74. P~ O { JH~ ` { ì GDP J<k HDIx JO
75. UNDP "~ ~OkOK HDI ì GDP US$ H#Q H =#` (PPP)
~O fO\~
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 77
ECONOMY
76. HDR 2010 WO_ #O 119= ~OH (0.519)

77. 15 ~ HDI , HDI , HDI , HDI Q}O z#k
1 2 3 4
a+l` Q
78. *f =#"a=$k x"kH (NHDR 2001) ~OkOz#k }oH O O
79. NHDR 2001 ^= , z=i < Ok# ~ H ~, c~
80. NHDR 2001 AP #O 10= ~OH (0.416)
81. =#Ô "^\Q =#"a=$k px ` ~K# ~RO =^ ^
82. PO^ ^ HDIx ` ~K# k CESS
83. AP HDR =#"a=$k p (2001) "^\,
z=i < ^~^, =|#Q~

84. =# ~RO ~R Lù (GSDP)x Q}O Kk DES (PiH, Q}OH _~ H~ \)
85. ~RO GSDPx Q}O K û Lù { P^ { = =kO
^`
86. ~R P^x (GSDP), H OKO^ `
P^~ O=`~O 200405
87. GSDP J`kH "\# JOkOK ~OQO "~OQO
88. 201011(A) JOK< ` ^~ ~R

ì PÔ 60,000 (Q )
89. 201011 (A) JOK< ~ ^~ ~R ì PÔ 39,200 (Q )
90. J`kH xH~ ~Ô (NSDP) Q ~RO =~+
91. 200910 J`kH ì PÔ ( ` ^~ )
Q OÒ KO_ ~
92. 200809 J`kH ì PÔ Q
( ` ^~ ) ~RO Q"
93. 200910(Q) J`kH l PÔ (GDDP) Q l ^~^
94. 200910(Q) J` l PÔ (GDDP) Q l q[#Q~O ( ` ^~ )
95. ` ^~ JkH ì PÔ Q l
200910(Q) ^~^
96. ~ ^~ JkH ì PÔ Q l (200910) ^~^
97. ` ^~ J` ì PÔ Q l (200910) NHO
98. ~ ^~ J` ì PÔ Q l (200910) NHO
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 78
ECONOMY
ONE WORD QUESTIONS

1. xi+ HxH (Point of Time) KOk#k.
[. x KOHO (Stock variable).
2. xq` HxH (Period of Time) KOk#k.
[. " KOHO (Flow variable).
3. *f O^ ^xH KOk#k.
[. Stock variable.
4. *fÔ J<k ^xH KOk#k.
[. " KOHO (National Income is Flow concept).
5. ^ [< U~H" # KOHO.
[. Stock variable.
6. [##, =~} OY U ~H" # KOHO.
[. Flow variables.
7. Lù H x W`~ == LùH ^^_ == <=O^~?
[. =^ O`~ == (Intermediate goods).
8. =^ O`~ == # L yOK"~.
[. Lù^~.
9. =#= H~# ` HO Q f~ == .
[. JOu= == (Final goods).
10. JOu= == # L yOK"~?
[. Lù^~ =i qxQ^~.
11. xH~ ~H ##Q?
[. ~H # q=#Oz a_ f" Q =z#q.
*f^ J~O x~K<
12. Ô x = , O P^ "`x D qÔ Q ~ .
[. *fÔ.
13. *fÔ J<k " KOHO H|\ ^~}OQ ZO`HxH H ~ ?
[. XH O=`~O#.
14. *f^=<k U~H" # Lùx `Òk.
[. JOu= = Lùx (Wk Ô Qx, "Qx [iy LO_=K).
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 79
ECONOMY
15. ^=O` H=_xH g, q^#O_ =K xH~ P^" *f^=x x~zOz#k?
[. Q.
16. =, =^# O # L yOz, [=#~ O` uO=`~O Lù K uH, JuH
xH~= = L`` *f^=x x~zOz#k?
[. =~.
17. XH == # ~ O_~ q=H@ O_ Jx == # H OK@ *f^=#k?
[. *f^Hq\ (NIC).
18. "`< , @HO, =_, ~O $+O K Lù H~H P^" *fÔ?
[. H O^Q}
OH O (CSO).
=Y"# =# =^ `_
A) Lù (Vs) xH~ Lù
19. ~ = ^# O J#Q?
[. HO`H=@ x~@OHOQ LùxK"\ K @|_x ~ = ^# O JO^~.
20. ~ = ^# O # L^~}?
[. O`, = <, iH~ "II#q.
21. ~ = ^< x Lù H L yOK@_ HO` J~Q,`~ Q (Wear and Tear) # #Q#.
nxx U=O^~?
[. `~ Q^ (Depreciation).
22. ~ = ^# qxQO (Consumption of fixed capital) # =~H~?
[. `~ Q^ (nx< user cost Jx JO^~).
23. `~ Q^ q=`He Lùx H =Kk?
[. Lù (Gross product).
24. `~ Q^# q#~Oz Lùx H =Kk?

[. xH~ Lù (Net product).
25. LùH, xH~ LùH `_?
[. `~ Q^.
26. Lù J#Q?
[. Lù xH~ Lù { `~ Q^
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 80
ECONOMY
27. xH~ Lù J#Q?
[. xH~ ù Lù `~ Q^.
28. U ~ O_O\=^ `_# `~ Q^ zO k?
[. Lù, xH~ L`` =^
(~ = ^# qxQO Lù xH~ Lù.)
a) ^j Lù Vs *fù
29. ^jù (Domestic Product) J#Q?
[. XH ^ QoH i^ [iQ Lùx ^j Lù JO^~.
NOTE : D Lù ^jKQx, q^jKQx K |_=K.
30. ^H}
Hi KOk# H~ HOh, ~`^ O O^ H~# Lù K P Lù q=#
~`^ Lù K Jk U~H" # Lù ?
[. ^j Lù (ZO^H#Q, P H~ ~` QoH i^ Lù H|_K#q).
31. =# ^xH KOk# \\ HOh"~ << H~# ^H} Hi Lù K P Lùx ~` '^j
Lù K=K ?
[. K~^ ( Jk ^ QoH i^ ^\ Lù [~Q`#k H|\)
32. *fù(National Product) J#Q?
[. O=`~HO XH ^ ~K (Normal Residents) K |_# Lùx *fù JO^~.
Note : P^ ~ P Ô Qx, O KO =~H_< Qx Lù K =K. JO> Wk ^ O
HO>, ~ ^#` WK#.
33. \\"~ ^H} Hi << H~# Lù K, P Lù q=# ~` Lù q= K`
Jk U ~H" # Lù?
[. *fù (\\"~ ~f H|\ O KO ZH_ Lù K< , Jk *fù Q" )
34. q^j xH~ H~H PÔ (Net Factor Income from abroad NFIA) J#Q?
[. XH ^ Lù H~H# W`~ ^ "_O> =K PÔ #Oz, q^j Lù H~H#
PÔ "_O> KeO K P^x f" Q qye# PÔ
q^jxH~ PÔ q^#Oz =z# H~H PÔ (R) q^ KeO z# H~H PÔ.
(P)
35. *fù UqÔ Q =O k?

[. *fù ^jù { q^j xH~H ~H PÔ (NFIA)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 81
ECONOMY
36. ^jùx UqÔ Q O^=K?
[. ^jù *fù q^j xH~ H~H PÔ (NFIA)
37. *fù, ^j`` =^ `_?
[. q^j xH~ H~H PÔ (NFIA).
38. ^j, *f L`` ^xq= Z=Q LO@Ok?
[. ^x q= Z= LO@O^<k q^jxH~ H~HÔ P^~_ #.
39. q^jxH~ H~H PÔ (NFIA) ^< `H=#Q?
[. q^jH~H KeO K PÔ (P) HO>, q^#Oz =z# H~H PÔ (R) Z=Q LO_@
(R>P).
40. q^j xH~ H~H PÔ (NFIA) ~}`HO J#Q ?

[. q^#Oz =z# H~H PÔ (R) HO>, q^ KeO z# H~H PÔ (P)Z=Q LO_@
(R<P).
41. q^j xH~ H~H PÔ (NFIA) #O J#Q?

[. q^#Oz =z# H~H PÔ (R), q^ KeO z# H~HÔ =#OQ LO_@ (R=P)
42. ^jù HO> *fù U O^~ O Z=Q LO@Ok?
[. NFIA ^< `HOQ L#_.
43. *fù HO> ^jù U O^~ O Z=Q LO@Ok?
[. NFIA ~}`HOQ L#_.
44. ^jù, *fù U O^~ O =#OQ LO_#?

[. NFIA '#Q L#_.
45. WO_ U Lù Z= LOk?

[. ^jù Z=Q LOk ((NFIA ~}`HO H|\).
. =~\ ^~ (Vs) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ
46. = = LùH L yOK Lù H~Hq?
[. q, =, =^# O, == _.
47. Lù H~H ^=~ u q?
[. qH @HO, = "`# O, =^< xH =_, ==# O .
48. Lù H~H =Ku # He` =Kk?
[. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fÔ.
(Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fÔ @HO{"`< {=_{ )
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 82
ECONOMY
49. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fÔ nxH =#OQ LO@Ok?
[. Lù =O.
50. Lù =xH =#"# ^~ # qkOz, J"@C_ ` *HO UqÔ Q LO@Ok?
[. ~H # qkOK=K, Hx O^~ a_ W==K#.
51. Lù H~H KuHz# P^xH =~@^~ = = qH~ =K P^xH =^ `_?
[. ~H # , =i a_.
52. Lù =xH =#"# ^~# qkOz =~\ ==# J"@C_ Ò J^#OQ
qkOKk?
[. ~H#.
53. ~H # nx H LO_#?
[. =~\ ^~ Q PÔ.
54. =~\ ^~ Q PÔ #O_ ~H # q#~ =Kk. ?
[. Lù H~H KuHK PÔ.
55. ` O a_ Wz# Z_ =^ ~ UqÔ Q LO_#?
[. ` =Q LO_#.
56. a_ ^$ Kz#_ Lù H~H Ys^^$ PÔ HO> =~\ ^~ PÔ?
[. ` =Q LO_#.
57. =~\ ^~ x P^ a_# Ki =Kk?
[. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ.
58. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ?
[. =~\ ^~ ^$ PÔ ~H # { a_.
59. =~\ ^~ ^$ PÔ?
[. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ { ~H # a_.
60. xH~ ~H # J#Q?
[. ~H # a_.
61. =~\ ^~ PÔ #O_ xH~ ~ H # q#~ =Kk?
[. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ.
62. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ P^xH xH~ ~ H # Ki =Kk?
[. =~\ ^~ ^$ PÔ.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 83
ECONOMY
. <==` PÔ Vs "= PÔ
63. P^x ` OII ^~ Q} =Kk?
[. <==` PÔ (^= PÔ).
64. ^= P^x Q}O K@=# ^ #OQ Z^~ =?
[. Lù ~Q O_< ^~ ~Q^ =# PÔ iy#@ H#_= K.
65. ^~ ~Q^ "x `yOKO^ U P^x Q}O K@=Ozk?
[. "= P^x.
66. "q H PÔ J#Q?
[. ~ O =`~ ^~ ^ P^~ OII ^~ *f^x Q}O K@.
67. =#Ô W\=~ fH# P^~ O=`~?
[. 194849, 196061, 197071, 198081, 199394, 19992000
68. ` O Ô *f^x Q}O KO^ fH< P^~ O.?
[. 200405.
69. <==` PÔ #Oz "q H P^x UqÔ Q O^`~?
[. ^~ zK ~ @ K @ ^~.
70. "q H PÔ ?
[. <==` PÔ/ ^~ p 100 (^) ` OII ^~ PÔ/ ^~ p 100.
*f^ =# :
71. xH~ L`` , ^j, *f`` O` <Q =# ~#=K Jq :?
[. 1. GDP (Gross Domestic Product).
2. GNP (Gross National Product).
3. NDP (Net Domestic Product).
4. NNP (Net National Product).
72. =~\ ^~ , Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ J< JO` 8 =# K =K#. Jq?

[. 1. =~\ ^~ ^j Lù (GDP ).MP
2. =~\ ^~ *f Lù ((GNP ). MP
3. =~\ ^~ xH~ ^j Lù (NDP ).

MP
4. =~\ ^~ xH~ *f Lù (NNP ).MP
5. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ GDP (GDP ). FC
6. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ GNP (GNP ). FC
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 84
ECONOMY
7. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ NDP (NDP ). FC
8. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ NNP (NNP ). FC
73. XH ^ QoH i^ [iQ JOu== =# =~\ ^~ K z =Kk?

[. =~@ ^~ ^jù (GDP ).
MP
74. =~\ ^~ ^jù H} ?

[. 1. Wk "=#, (XH O. [iQ Lùx `#, =O^ O. Lù WO^ QO H^)
2. GDP J<k ` ^~ GDPx `#.
MP
3. Wk "Ò Lù q=# `^ . J#Q =^ O`~ qxQx f" e. JO> Wk Sum Total
of value added =`" .
4. ~ O_~ XH == # H OK O_ LO_O^ JOu= == < fH=#.

5. Lù H#H WO^ `~ Q^ LO@Ok.
6. D Lù ^jKQx, q^jK Qx K |_=K.
75. O=`~ HO P^ ~K (Ô Qx, "Qx) Lù K |_# JOu= = =#
"\ =~\ ^~ K z =Kk?
[. =~\ ^~ *fù (GNP ).
MP
76. =~\ ^~ *fù H} ?

[. 1. nx xH~ q^j H~H PÔ (Net Factor income from Abroad (NFIA) H LO@Ok.
2. D Lù Ô Qx, "Qx P^ *fK K |_=K.
77. =~\ ^~ GDP, =~\ ^~ GNPH Q `_?
[. q^j xH~ H~H PÔ (NFIA).
78. =~\ ^~ GDPH NFIA Ki =Kk?
[. =~\ ^~ GNP.
79. =~\ ^~ GNP #Oz NFIA f= =Kk?
[. =~\ ^~ GDP.
80. xH~ q^j H~H PÔ U qÔ Q =O k?
[. XH ^ Lù H~H# q^ "_HO> =K H~H PÔ q^j Lù H~H# XH^ O
"_HO> KeO K PÔ (R-P).
81. GDP, GNP Uk Z=Q LO@O^<k ^x P^~_ #?
[. NFIA P^~_ #.
82. NFIA UqÔ Q LO@Ok?
[. ^< `HOQ Hx, |}`HOQ Qx J~^Q 'O'Q Qx LO_=K.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 85
ECONOMY
83. GNP =? MP
[. GDP + NFIA.
MP
84. GDP =? MP
[. GNP - NFIA.
MP
85. xH~ q^j H~H PÔ (NFIA) ^< `HO J~` ? (Q 2, 2008)
[. GNP > GDP .
MP MP
86. xH~ q^j H~H PÔ (NFIA) |}`HO J~`?

[. GDP > GNP (^)
MP MP MP
GNP < GDP .
MP
87. GDP, GNP U O^~ O =#OQ LO_#?

[. NFIA #"` .
88. GDP, GNP H ^ #"# ~ O_ `_.?
[. 1. GDP Ô ^j =i q^j K Lù He LO_#. GNP Ô
Qx, " Qx P^jK K |_# Lù He LO_#.
2. GDP HO> GNP q"# =# ZO^=##Q GNP xH~ q^j H~H PÔ He LO_#.
89. GDP, GNP PiH == =~x Q}O K=#O Uk?
[. GNP.
90. GDP, GNP ^ #"# O Uk?
[. D ~ O_ `~ Q^# q#~OK= H|\ = = "= "O è^.
91. GDP #O_ `~ Q^# q#~ =Kk?
MP
[. =~\ ^~ xH~^ j ù (NDP )

MP
92. =~\ ^~ xH~^ j ùH `~ Q^# Ki =Kk?

[. =~\ ^~ GDP.
93. =~\ ^~ GDPH, =~\ ^~ NDPH `_?
[. `~ Q^.
94. NDP = ?MP
[. GDP - Depreciation.
MP
95. GDP = ?MP
[. NDP + Depreciation.
MP
96. =~ \ ^~ GNP#Oz `~ Q^# q#~ =Kk?

[. =~\ ^~ NNP (NNP ).
MP
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 86
ECONOMY
97. =~\ ^~ NNPH `~ Q^ Ki =Kk?
[. =~\ ^~ GNP (GNP ). MP
98. =~\ ^~ GNPH, =~\ ^~ NNPH`_ . ?

[. `~ Q^ (~ = ^# qxQO).
99. NNP = ?
MP
[. GNPMP - Depreciation
100. GNPMP
[. NNP MP+ Depreciation.
101. =~\ ^~ GNPH, LùH~H Ys^ ^$ GNPH `_?

[. xH~ ~ H # (Net indirect tax).
102. GDP H, GDP H `_?
MP FC
[. xH~ ~H #.
103. GNP H GNP H `_?
MP FC
[. xH~ ~ H #.
104. NDP H NDP H `_?
MP FC
[. xH~ ~H #.
105. NNP H NNP H `_?
MP FC
[. xH~ ~ H #.
106. NNP ?
FC
[. NNP ~H
MP
# , { a_.
107. NNP ?
MP
[. NNP { ~H
FC
# a_.
108. ^~}OQ *f^=x ^xx ~ ?
[. NNP (LùH~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù).
FC
109. NDP + NFIA = ?

FC
[. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù (NNP ). FC
110. GNP #Oz `~ Q^ q#~?

FC

[. NNP (*fÔ) =K#.
FC
111. =+ P^ =#Q?
[. *fÔ H~~\ #, Oz@|_x , O H ^` q~ { |kb KeO
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 87
ECONOMY
112. Z@=O\ L`^H H~H# #O_ UHH O Q O^ u # U=O\~?
[. |kb KeO .
113. ` LùH ZO\ H~O JOkOK O_ O^ u ?
[. |kb KeO .
114. |kb KeO L^~} :?
[. =$^ OK# , x~^Q$ u, OH = KeO (Welfare Payments), |=`, Donations, Fains
(<b), # (Taxes), q^~ HK ~+ , ~} ~ HK O "^Q#q.
115. |kb KeO # Zx ~HQ =sHi ~ . ?
[. ~ O_ Jq 1. Current Transfers ( ` PÔ#O_ KeO K|_q H#H Wq O^"i ` PÔ
~Q#).
2. Capital Transfers (Wq =^# O #Oz ^ O^ #Oz KeO K|_# H#H Wq O^"i
=^# O ^ O^ ~Q#).
116. *f^x Q}O K@C_ |kb KeO ?
[. q#~~ .
117. =+ PÔ =H ~ O_ ~HQ PÔ O^#?
[. Jq 1. Lù H~H u Q =K PÔ, (Factor Income).
2. ` |kb KeO (Current Transfer Payments).
118. =+ PÔ = `= W#~O Y~@H=\xH JO^@ LO_ PÔ?
[. =~ PÔ.
119. =+ PÔ #Oz ` H # Q qye#k?
[. =~ PÔ.
120. =~ PÔ U P^ =# HO> ` =Q LO@Ok?
[. =+ PÔ.
121. =+ PÔ HO> =~ PÔ ` =Q LO_\xH H~}O?
[. =+ PÔ #O_ ` H # f" < O H|\ =~ PÔ ` =Q LO_#.
122. Q$~OQO `= =z# =~ P^x qxQO, ^ "z~ H|\ =~ PÔ
?
[. qxQO { ^.
123. ^ *f^x P^ [<K y =Kk?
[. ì PÔ.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 88
ECONOMY
124. ì PÔ ?
[. *fÔ / [<.
125. ì PÔ ~QO>?
[. *fÔ iy<, [< `y< , ~ O_ [iy< ì PÔ ~Q#.
126. ` ^~ *f^x [<K y =Kk?
[. <==` ì PÔ.
127. ~ ^ ~ *f^x [<K y =Kk?
[. "= ì PÔ.
128. O^HOQ PiHa=$kH, PiH OH = xH zHQ L yOK =#O?
[. "= ì PÔ.
129. ì P^ =$k~ @# Q}O KO^ yOK Ò?
[. *fÔ=$k~ @ [<=$k~ @.
130. XH^ GDP =$k~ @ 5%, [< =$k~ @ 2% HQ ì P^ =$k~ @ ZO`?
[. 3%.
131. Lù H ` = = Lù H|_#. D Lù q= Lù H~H P^ ~O
K~ #. D PÔ uiy qxQ, L`^H == =O K |_#.nxx KH "O
UqÔ Q K=K#?
[. Lù P^x W=Q PÔ =x OKQ =O uiy LùH ^^_ #.
1. Lù H~H# L yOz = =# Lù K~ .
2. Lù q= Lù H~H P^Q OK|_#.
3. P^x JOu= qxQ, L`^H == Y~_`~.
132. *f^x Zx q^Q Q}O K=K#?
[. =_ q^ :
Z) = = Lù (Lù =kO û ).
a) H~H PÔ (P^ =kO û ).
) = = =O (= =kO û ).
Z. Lù =kO û :
133. Lù =kO û H =~H ~.(Product method)?
[. Net product method (or) Value added method (Or) Industrial Origin method.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 89
ECONOMY
134. Lù =kO û x Lù "û Q ez#k?
[. =< *<\.
135. XH ~OQO [iy# Lù =~H~O QO Lù H~HO Q qxyOK|_#_ Gross value added
H#Q<O^?
[. Gross Value added = gross value out put - Intermediate consumption.
136. Gross Value added H Net value added H `_?
[. `~ Q^ (~ =^# qxQO).
137. Net value addedH =~H~?
[. xH~ ^j Lù (NDP).
138. NDP ^ NVA H NFIA x Ki?
[. xH~ *fù =K# (NNP).
139. NNP #O_ xH~ sH # f" =Kk?
[. NNP (Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù).
FC
140. Lù =kO û *fÔ U qÔ Q =O k?

[. *fÔ NDP + NFIA. FC
141. Lù =kO û XH == # ~ O_~ q= H@ O_ LO_O> ?

[. JOu=== < fH"e (^) "__ û J=OaOKe.
142. Lù =kO û ^~ ~Q^ "x `yOKO^ fH=e# *Q` Uk?
[. ~ ^~ < P^x Q}O K@ (^) ` ^~ ` Q}O z#\H ^~ p` ~ @ K e.
143. Value Added Method(Lù =kO û ) O qxQx?
[. *f^Q}# He eg: ~ ` O`xH "_# P~ ^<.
144. [=x OÒQ LO@# O` = #O H J^ *fÔ...?
[. K~e ([=x OÒQ LO@# WO\H J^ KeO K_ . WO\ J^# *f Q}# fH"e.
nx< 'Imputed Rent' JO^~.)
145. *f^ Q}# Q$} = (Services of House wives)?
[. H OK~^. (L^ : =O@=O_@, O~H} =O\ Q$} =# ^=~O JOK< " O
H|\ *f^Q}# fH~^).
146. `H~, J\H LO@# W, Old Paintings O\ JO# *f^Q}# ...?
[. H OK~^. Wq Second-hand goods HOkH =~. *f^=<k P O=`~O [iy#
Lùx H OK# Qx, =O^ O=`~ Lùx H OK^ .
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 90
ECONOMY
147. Second-hand==
J"@_ H~ HK Hg+< ...?
[. *f^ Q}# fH"e. ZO^=##Q H~ JOkOK = ` O=`~xH KOk#q.
148. W<O@s ~Q^ (Inventories) *fÔ...?
[. K~e. ZO^=##Q W<O@s ~Q^ ` O=`~xH KOk#q.
149. Lù =kO û *f^x Q}O K@_ Z^~< =?
[. 1. W<O@s# JOK<" _O H+O (H~}O ^~ ~Q^ =~).
2. `~ Q^ JOK< " @ H+O (H# ^~ JOK< " ? ^ Replacement =O JOK<
" J<k =).
3. q^, ~"} =O O\q JOu= == ^ =^ O`~ == JOK<" @ H+O .
4. XH == JOu==" ? ^ =^ O`~ =" J<k x~~ OK@ H+O .
5. r=<^~ ~OQO#, O`"~Ox L`` O|OkOz ~ # =K~O OH=_O^ .
150. qq^ ~OQ #Oz *f^xH =K "\# `H"O> U =kO û L Q_ #?
[. Value Add (Lù =kO) û .
151. *f^xH = ~OQO JOkOK "\ `H<O^ U û *f^x =kOKe?
[. Value add ^ Net Product Method.
a. P^ =kO û :
152. P^ =kO û H =~H ~?
[. Factor payment Method ^ Distributed share Method ^ Income paid Method ^ Income
received Method.
153. P^ =kO û P^x Z@ Q} ~ ?

[. Lù H~H O^ P^# K~ @ ^~ O^=K (L^ : @HO { "`< { =_ {
{ q= PÔ).
154. Lù H~H P^x Zx ~HQ ql OK=K?
[. 1) ^j H~H PÔ (Domestic Factor Income).
2) xH~ q^j H~H PÔ (NFIA).
155. ^jH~H P^x Zx ~HQ ql ~ ?
[. =_:
1) qH PÔ ^ Compensation of Employees.
2) =^# ^ P PÔ ^ Operating Surplus.
3) O`"~O #Oz aOK q= PÔ (Mixed Income of the self-employed).
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 91
ECONOMY
156. Compensation of Empolyees J#Q?
[. q, L^Q `= =# JOkOz#O^Q# O^ u O.
157. Compensation of Employees Qq?
[. q, L^Q i~O 3 ~HQ LO_=K.
Z) ^=~O "`< r`.
a) =~ O KeO .
) [=#O L^QHK O H ^` KeO .
158. *f^Q}# ^=~O r` J< JO Q Qq?
[. #, Hg+<, DA, HRA, TA, LTC, Sick leave alowance `_# "`< , r`.
159. L^Q =~ O K KeO =Y"# q Uq?
[. L^Q HOkOK Lz`"^ O, q^, a_ [#O x~O, Lz` ~"}, =k< H~ O
Creches for Children of Employee etc.,
160. [=#O L^QHK O H ^` KeO L^~}?

[. [=#O L^QHK O H ^` KeO ex : PF, LIC, Gratuity O K# [=#O
JOkOK"\.
161. Operating Surplus (OS) J#Q?
[. P , ==# #Oz =K PÔ.
162. P #Oz =K P^"k?
[. q = < He LO_@= @HO, =^# O He LO_@= =_, Q# W`~ WK@=,
>O\ H~ \ #Oz =K ~bnx QO.
163. ==H ` O (Entrepreneurship) = =K u O Uk?
[. _q_O_ =i Oz@|_x .
164. _q_O_ J#Q?
[. HOh +~ ~ OK .
165. Undistributed Profits J#Q?
[. ^ O `= "Ò # +~ ~ H _q_O_ ~O Oz@=. HO` x `= =^
LOK`~. g\< Oz@|_x JO^~. nx HO` QO H~~\ \HHO^ KeO z,
HO` H~~\ ^Q LOK#.
166. q= PÔ (Mixed Income of Self-employed) J#Q?
[. HO` qH PÔ, HO` =^# PÔ He LO_k. q= PÔ J#QLù H
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 92
ECONOMY
XH =H =#, =^< x JOkOK@ ^~ O^ PÔ L^ : `# O` Hx H =^ _H~
=, `# O xK ~ ` .
(nx Wage Incomex Property Income x q_n K@H+O )
167. ^j H~H PÔ ?
[. Compensation of Employees + Operating surplus + Mixed Income
168. xH~ q^j H~H PÔ J#Q ?
[. H~H# JOkOz#O^ q^#Oz Ok# PÔ ^ Q << ~ _O \ JOkOz#
H~H = KeO K PÔ. .
169. P^ =kO û *fÔ ?
[. Compensation of employees + operating surplus + Mixed Incomes + Net Factor Income From
Abroad.
170. P^ =kO û |kb KeO ^~ =z# PÔ .....?

[. *f^Q}# fH~^ L^ : =$^ OK# x~^Q$ u, q^~ ~+ , =~^ ,
H~ = O\ H$ u " s ` ` O "^Q#q.
171. |kb KeO # ZO^ *fÔ K~ ~^.....?
[. ` OII ZO\ L`^H =# JOkOK O_ P^x O^`#q H|\ K~ ~^.
172. K@ =u~H ^"x *f^Q}# .....?
[. K~ ~^. L^ : Q~ PÔ, illegal drug traders, gamblers, illegal arm dealers PÔ
q#~OKe. "i H~H K@ =u~H" # q =i Q}O x q.
173. *f~}O =_ (interst on National debt).......?
[. *f^ Q}# q#~OKe. Ò f# ~}O qxQ J=~ qxyOK#
J< " O K @= nx Ò WK =_ |kb KeO Q q~ .
174. Second hand goods, bonds, shares J=@ = =K PÔ.......?
[. *fÔ H OK~^. (ZO^=##Q ` = = LùH ZO\ H~x Wq JOkOK=.
nx H =O Ownership XHi#Oz =~HiH |kb JQ#).
175. Shares, bonds, second - hand goods J"@_ H~ fH< Hg+<. .....?
[. *fÔ K~e.
176. " \ |kb KeO *fÔ.......?
[. K~ ~^. (L^ : è^ O _ HK Pocket Money =$^ HK ^=O etc. nx _
^=O XHi#Oz =~HiH |kb JQK#k).
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 93
ECONOMY
177. Qe"@ (windfall gains) J#Q?
[. @s ^~ =K PÔ. Wq JH`Q =O \~. g\x _ *fÔ K~ ~^.
178. H~~+< \H# *fÔ........?
[. O Ok# H~~+< \H QO H|\ H~~+< \H# ` HOQ *fÔ
K~e# J=~O ^ .
179. O^ #, |=u # J<q?
[. g\x ` PÔ#Oz HH ^#Oz Ke ~ . H|\ Wq *fÔ QO H=.
180. Imputed rent of self-occupied building, self-consumption J<q?
[. *fÔ K~e.
181. P^=kO û Z^~< =?
[. 1. q= P^x (O` "~~O QO) Q}O K@ H+O .
2. ` ~} KeO K =_ J#`^H= x, *fÔ K~ ^ . Hx HO`=Ok PiH" `
` ~} HO` QO L`^H H~H L y~x nxx K~x qk Ozi.
3. Ja=$k ^ P^ O|OkOz ~ # Q}OH OH=.
182. *fÔ "`< "\, "\ `H"O> U û P^x Q}O Ke?
[. P^ =kO û .
. = =kO û
183. = =kO û H =~H~?
[. consumption and investment method ^ Income disposal method.
184. JOu= Lù K =H@ ^~ *f P^x O^ û ?

[. ==kO û .
185. JOu= == K =O P^~OQ PiH ==# Zx ~HQ ql ~ .?
[. <Q 1) Q$~OQO 2) "~~O QO 3) `~OQO 4) Rest of the world
186. JOu=== K == Qq?
[. 1) qxQ =O (Q$~OQO K =O).
2) @|_ =O ("~~O QO K =O).
3. ` =O ( ` ~OQO K =O).
4. xH~ ZQ=` (Rest of the World K =O).
187. " \ JOu= qxQ ==#Q?
[. Q$~OQO, KO Ô =xHx == (L^ : P~O), =xHQ == (L^: \.q., H~)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 94
ECONOMY
= (L^ : ~"}, "^ O) K =O.
188. #`# WO_ x~}O K =x U=OQ fO\~?
[. nxx qxQ =OQ fH~^. Wk _ @|_ =O QO.
189. `H~, ` O` =O *fÔ.....?
[. fH~^. (Wk ` O O=`~ Lùx `^).
190. @|_ =O Qq?
[. 1) O`, ZH" O\ Lù ^~ K =O. nx< O ~ @|_ JO^~. L^ :
#`# O`, Hs ~"} ZH" O\, h\~^, _O (Dams) >e< < =O\
"\ K =O.
2) W<O@s @|_ =O L^ : =_~ x, QO ` ~ # == , J=HxH Ô Q
L# JOu= == x =~ "^Q#q. closing Stock #Oz Opening stock f" @O
^~ nxx O^=K#.
3) ~ _x =O L^ : #`# WO_ H#Q.
191. ^j @|_ ?
[. O ~ @|_ { W<O@s @|_ { ~ _x @|_.
192. @|_ HO` QO J~Q, `~ Q^ Qi J~# "\ #O ## K e =O k.
D ## @|_H =~H~?
[. `~ Q^.
193. @|_#O_ `~ Q^ (Replacement Investment) f" =Kk?
[. xH~ @|_.
194. xH~ @|_ ?
[. ~ @|_ { W<O@s @|_ { ~ _x @|_ `~ Q^.
195. ` =Ox Qq?
[. Z) i#, ~H}, Ou^`, q^, "^, P~Q= =O. L^Q r`, "`<,
O H ^` KeO ^~ nx JOK< "~ .
a) i#, ~H} , Ou ^` , q^ "^ , P~Q= KOk# == H#Q =O. g\x
JOkOK@_ <==` A = K~ H|\ =O#Oz J=H ~|_ f" xH~ =
H#Q =K#.
) J\Q xH~ q^j = = H#Q =O [~Q#.
196. ` JOu= qxQ =O ?
[. L^Q i~O { ^j =~\ xH~ = = H#Q { q^#Oz xH~= = H#Q
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 95
ECONOMY
197. xH~ ZQ=`#Q?
[. = = ZQ=` = = kQ=`.
198. ==kO û ^j =O QOQ ZQ=`# ZO^ fH"e?
[. ZQ=` [iy#_ q^ ^j == =O K~ . H|\ ZQ=` ^j =O
QO.
199. ==kO û ^j =O QOQ kQ=`# ZO^ fH"e?
[. kQ=` J<q PÔ Lù HH ~#\H P^ K qxQ =O QO H|\
^j =O K~e.
200. ==kO û =~\ ^~ xH~^ j Lù ?
[. qxQ=O { @|_ =O { ` =O { xH~ ZQ=`
NDPMP = C + I + G + (x-m).
201. =~\ ^~ xH~ ^jùH xH~ ~H # f" ?

[. LùH~H Ys^ ^$ xH~^ j ù (NDP ) =K#.
FC
202. *f^x OÔ^ Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ ^jùH K~e# JOO?
[. xH~ q^jH~H PÔ (NFIA).
*fÔ C + I + G+ (x-m) + NFIA.
203. =^ O`~ == =O *f^ Q}#....?
[. H OK~^ (JOu==O Wq QO H|\ H OK~^).
204. =Ô`~ =x H U~_ =?
[. double counting = *fÔ Overestimate K |_#.
205 Second hand goods K =O?
[. *f^ Q}# fH~^.

206. q` O|O^ P (Financial assets) K =O ?
[. *fÔ H OK~^. L^ : Shares, bonds K =O. nx= Ownership =`"
|kbJQ#.
207. |kb KeO Ò K =O?
[. Wk =O QOH^. H|\ *fÔ QOH^. Wq = Lùx OK=.
208. ~`^ O O\ Ja=$k KO^`# Ô =K~O ` H =@= U û x L yOK@
H+O?
[. = =kO û .
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 96
ECONOMY
209. qxQ~, @|_ ~ èO> L yOKe# û Uk?
[. ==kO û .
210. PiH == " @ , ` = H "\ `H"O> U û J=~O ?
[. ==kO û .
211. Ô` s` *fÔ?
[. *f Lù *f PÔ "Ò =O.
212. ~`^ *f^Q}# L yOK û ? (Q 2, 2008)
[. U XHû ^~ O~O Q Q}O K@ ^ . qq^~ O Q qq^ ^` L y< O.
JO> 3 ^` # L y< O.
213. H O^Q} OH O (CSO) PiH= =# Zx ~OQQ ql Oz#k?
[. 3. Jq. 1. ^q H ~OQO.
2. kf ~OQO.
3. `$f ~OQO.
214. ^q H ~OQO x JOq?
[. 1. ==O 2. J@gO^ 3. =` O^ 4. Q# `=HO
215. C.S.O q[ # kf ~OQOx JOq?
[. 1. =#HiOQ (il+~ , J<il+~ ) 2. q^` Q, h\~ ~ 3. x~}O (Qg}, @} ).
216. C.S.O q[ # H~O Q# `=HO ^x QO?
[. ^q H ~OQO.
217. ^q H ~OQO Q Q# `=Hx kf ~OQxH Ki U~_ ~OQO?
[. iqH ~OQO.
218. iqH ~OQO Qq? (Q 2, 2008)
[. Q# `=HO { kf~OQO.
219. Q# `=HO U~OQO QO?
[. PiH= =# ^q H, kf, `$f ~OQQ ql , ^q H ~OQO QO.
PiH= =# ==, iqH, "~OQQ ql iqH ~OQO QO.
220. =#Ô Lù =kO û x UU ~OQ L y< ~?
[. Z) "Ò ^q H~O QO.
a) =#HiOQ ~OQO (il+~ ) .
) x~} ~OQO (@} ).
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 97
ECONOMY
221. C.S.O q[ # `$f ~OQOQ JOq?
[. 1) =~H O , @, ~ ~ O@.
2. ~"}, x, =K~O.
3) OHOQ, c=, i Z\ , W`~ "~=.
4) =lH, =HQ ` =.
222. =#Ô P^ =kO û x U ~OQ J=Oa < ~?
[. Z) =#HiOQ ~OQO (J< il+~ ) .
a) q^`, Q, h\~ ~ .
) "Ò `$f ~OQO .
223. =#Ô ==kO û (Expenditure - cum-commodity flow method) U ~OQO
J=Oa<~?
[. x~}~OQO (Qg} OÒ).
224. *f^ Q}# Z^~ =<`H (Conceptual difficulties) =q?
[. 1) =# Q}O K =^ J< =, L^ : Q$} =.
2) =Ô`~ == QiO =.
3) H~H PÔ, H~HÔ Hxk J< QiO =.
4) W<O@s =~ Q}O K@ =.
5) `~ Q^ Q}O =.
6) P^~ OII O_ `~ "` HO =` u [iy` "\ H O =.
7) ` < =O JOK< " @ =.
225. *f^ Q}# Z^~ PK~}
`H (Practical difficulties) = q?
[. 1) ^==~\H ~O_ = =i_ ^~ qx== = = H O =.
2) =$u ` HH~ }
H =@.
3) x"kOK|_x K@= u~H ^==. L^ : #ZQ"` , #^=O.
4) x~H~ ` =# z# Lù^~ JHO\ x~OKH =@.
5) ^L ù^~ # ZQ"` `C _ H KOK@.
6) #=^y# ^ÒO H =@.
226. =i< PiH" ` H~O =, *f^Q}# ......?
[. H OK~^. (="^ ^ H OK@ ^ ).
<\ : @|_^s ^#, WO_ # =# H < ~.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 98
ECONOMY
227. Q$} =, ^xx e# W`~ = *f^ Q}# ......?
[. HOK@^. L^ : Q$} WO\=^ K `@x, KCH< ~, *fÔ
Q}O K|_^ .
228. =#Ô ^==~\H ~O_, ^" `~ =~\ [iQ qx=xH L^ : ?
[. Lù ^~_ `# O`xH qxyOKH# Lù, ~ ` O_Oz# O@ HO` Qx H
~ ` Hz "~ == # O^ = =i_.
229. =Ò~ PiH == (Parallel / Hidden economy) J#Q?
[. XH" K@| ^ ^==, =~" #^== PiH= =# #_O K@.
*f^ JOK<
230. Ò`xH ~O "^\ iQ =#Ô *f^x Q}O z#"~? (Q 2, 2008)
[. ^^ <~r.
231. ^^ <~r îH = ^#`# <H KO^ *f^ H # nx K iOK#.?
[. Poverty and Un British Rule in India.
232. ^^ <~r 186768 O=`~xH O|OkOz *f^x JOK< "# _ *f
ì P^ =~Q :?
[. ~II 340 H@ =i 20 ~II
233. <~r `~ "` *f^x JOK<"# "i =Y?
[. qeO _w, (1899), O _ +~, =i HO|\, q.H. P~.q. ~", P~.. ^. "_
=i *+, H~< =, J\<< "II"~.
234. Weath and Taxable capacity of India J< QO^x ~zOzOk ?
[. =i HO|\.
235. Consumer Expenditure In India J< QO^x ~zOz#k?
[. P~.. ^.
236. Ò`xH ~O *f^x û JOK<"# "~ ?
[. Dr. V.K.R.V. Rao
237. Dr. V.K.R.V. Rao PiH ==# Zx ~OQQ ql OK#?
[. ~ O_ ~OQ 1. == ~OQO (==O, J_=, K , "@, Q#).
2. H~~+< ~OQO (i=, x~}O, ~"}, ` =).
238. Dr. V.K.R.V. Rao Q~ == ~OQO *f^x Q}O KO^ yOz# û ?
[. Lù û .
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 99
ECONOMY
239. Dr. V.K.R.V. Rao Q~ H~~+< ~OQO *f^x Q}O KO^ L yOz# û ?
[. P^ =kO û .
240. Dr. V.K.R.V. Rao Q~ 193132 O.~xH *f^x JOK<"# _ ~` *f ì
P^?
[. ~II 1689 H@ =i 62 ~II
241. 18601945 =^ *. P~. H, =Ys, + ~` ì P^ =$kx JOK< "# _
n~H O ì P^ =$k~ @ ZO`?
[. 0.5%.
242. H, +, =Ys ì P^ =$k~ @# U QOÔ ~xi. ?
[. Frame work of Indian Economy.
243. India's National Income J< QO^ ~K~ `?
[. q.H.P~.q.~".
244. Ò`#O`~O Ô "Ò g^ *f^x û "@" ^@ Q}O z# #`
Z=iH ^H Ok?
[. *f^ Hq\ (nx< High powered Expert committee).
245. *f^ Hq\ xqOK|_# O=`~O ?
[. 1949.
246. *f^ Hq\ J^ _, =i W`~ ?
[. .. =<c, (J^ _).
Q_ , Dr. V.K.R.V. Rao .
247. *f^ Hq\H D ~OQO JO`~f Mu QOz# Z=i O aOzOk?
[. = < *<\ , JRN < JBD _~ <.
248. *f^ Hq\ JOK< 194849 ^~ ~` *f ì P^ =~Q?
[. 8710 H@ =i 225 ~.
249. *f^ Hq\ JOkOz# x"kHx =MO?
[. 1) 195051 ==O J#|O^ ~OQ#Oz *fÔ QO "\ =O k.
2) iqH ~OQO #Oz 1/6 =O` a O k.
3) "~OQO# q#~Oz Lù ~OQO#O_ 2/3 =O` a O k.
4) "~OQO#Oz 1/3 =O` a O k.
5) NDP `~OQO JOkOK "\ 7.6%Q LOk.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 100
ECONOMY
250. H O^ Q}OH O (CSO) ^ # H~O ZK@ H^
[. #_b (nx XH Y HH` H^).
251. H O^ Q}OH O U O. #O_ *f^x National Accounts Statastics ~` K iO k?
[. 1975 (nx< ` `=x ~ ).
252. ` *f^ Q}# CSO U O=`~x P^~ O=`~OQ fHO@Ok?
[. 19992000.
253. ~R Q}OH q=~ H~} XH U*hH, =~H U*hH `_x ikÔ ^ Z=i J^ H` # ''*f
Q}OH Hg+< xqOK|_#k?
[. ~OQ~[<.
254. ` O *f^x Q}O K O?
[. H O^ Q}OH O. (CSO)
255. NSS J<k (National Sample survey) U OII O K|_#k?
[. 1950.
256. NSS, J<k NSSO (National Sample survey organisation)Q ZC_ =~KOk#k?
[. 1970.
*f^ ~Q^ ^~}
257. ` ^~ *f^x Q} *fÔ ~Q^ U ~ O_ JO =# qÒ
H=K?
[. Z) = = Lù ~Q@.
a) ^~ ~Q@.
258. = = Lù ~Q@=# *fÔ iy#K ......?
[. Jk x["# / "= "# =$kx zOK#. (ZO^=##Q [ QÒ HO> JkHO Q = =
JO^@ LO\~.)
259. ^~ ~Q^ =# *fÔ iy#K .....?
[. Jk "= =$kx zOK^ . (*fÔ H L# ^~ ~Q^# _\ K "= PÔH
=~e.)
260. "= *fÔ# Q}O z#\H Jk ^ #OQ qiOK JO" k.?
[. [< ~Q^ "x qiO k.
261. [< ~Q^ "x H H fHx "= P^x Q}O KO> ?
[. "= ì PÔ Q}O Ke. (Wk [ r=# =}x zO k).
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 101
ECONOMY
262. 195051 #O_ 198081 =^ (}oH ~O" # "^\ =_ ^) ~` *f^
=$k~ @ ~ ^ ~ ZO`?
[. 3.5%.
263. "^\ =_ ^ ` =Q L# 3.5% =$k~ @# . ~*H$ + Q~ U=x "MxOK#?
[. O^ =$k~ @ (Hindu rate of growth).
264. 1980 #O_ 2000 =^ (`~" ` ~ O_ ^ HO) ~ ^~ ~` *f^ =$k~ @?
[. 5.6% (Hindu =$k~ @# JkQq OKQe y#k).
265. =#Ô W\=~ J`kH* f^ =$k~ @ #"^# O=`~O?
[. 198889 (10.3%).
266. 198889 `~ "` J`kH =$k~ @ #"^# 2= O^~ O ?
[. 200607 (^= }oH z=i O=`~O).
267. W\=~ =# Ô 9 JO`H< Z= =$k~ @ #"^# O=`~O Zx?
[. 5. (197576, 198889, 200506, 200607, 200708).
268. =#Ô U O=`~O JkH |}`H =$k~ @ #"^ J~#k?
[. 197980 (6%).
269. }oH "sQ ijeOz#_ Ju Z= =$k~ @ #"^# }oH Uk?
[. ^= }oH (7.8%).
270. Ju ` = =$k~ @ #"^# }oH Uk?
[. =_= }oH (2.6%).
271. 201011 O=`~xH JOK<" |_# =$k~ @?
[. 8.6 (Wk Q` O=`~= 8%)
272. 200910 OII ~` ì P^ =$k~ @?
[. 6.1 (Wk Q` O=`~= 4.8%)
273. ~ ^~ 200809 O=`~xH JOK< " |_# ~` ì PÔ ?
[. ~II 31,800 (200405 ^~ ).
274. ~ ^~ 200910 (Q) O=`~O ^ ì PÔ?
[. ~. 33,700
275. ` ^~ 200910 O=`~xH JOK<" |_# ^ ì PÔ?
[. ~. 46,400 =~.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 102
ECONOMY
276. ` ^~ 201011 (A) O=`~O ^ ì PÔ?
[. ~. 54,500 =~.
277. =#Ô *fÔ ~Q^ HO> ì PÔ ~Q^ ` =Q LO_\xH H~}O?
[. [<~Q^.
278. *fÔ Hx, ì PÔ Hx ~ ^ ~ HO>, ` ^~ JkHO Q LO_\xH H~}O?
[. ^~ ~Q^.
279. }oH ~OO <\H (195051) *fÔ QO HO> Z= U~OQO #O_ aOKk?
[. ^q H ~OQO (57%).
280. ` O *fÔ J`kH "\# JOkOK ~OQO? (Q 2, 2008)
[. `$f~OQO ^ "~OQO (57%).
281. ` O *fÔ `$f~OQO #O_ = "\?
[. 1/2 =O` HO> JkHO .
282. ` *fÔ `$f~OQO `~ "` JkH" \# JOkOK ~ O_= ~OQO?
[. kf~OQO (25.76%).
283. *fÔ kf~OQO "\?
[. =~ 1/4 =O`.
284. *fÔ Ju ` = "\# JOkOK ~OQO?
[. ^q H ~OQO (16.9%) 200910 <\H.
285. *fÔ ^q H ~OQO "\?
[. 1/5 =O` HO> ` =.
286. H~ , =i *<\ iH# ^xx `#?
[. Ja=$k H "^@ ^q H~O QO "\ `y, kf~OQO "\ iQ#. =$k =iHO` [iy#
`~ "` ^q H~O QO "\ n~O Q `y =~OQO `#"\# i=HO> Z=Q OKHO@Ok.
287. ` O *fÔ qq^~ O QOkOK "\# |\ J=~}H=O U qÔ Q L#k?
[. `$f~OQO, kf~OQO, ^q H~O QO.
288. ~` PiH= = =z# x~}`H" # =~# ije ^ #OQ H#|_O?
[. *fÔ ^q H~O QO #Oz `y# "\ kf~OQOK HH `$f~OQOK s K |_#k.
(iqHH~} =O^ ^ #O_ iqHH~} ^#K~O_< iqHH~} `~"` ^
J~# "~OQO Ki#k.)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 103
ECONOMY
289. ^q H ~OQO J`kH "\# JOkOK ~OQO?
[. ==O (12%).
290. kf~OQO J`kH "\# JOkOK~O QO?
[. =#HiOQ ~OQO.
291. `$f~OQO J`kH "\# JOkOK~O QO?
[. =~H O ~"} H=xH+< (26.55%).
292. 195051 GDP `~OQO "\ =~?
[. 8% =~.
293. ` ~OQO "\ GDP Z@=O\ ^~} HeL Ok?
[. }oH ~OO #O_ #`# PiH O~} =~ GDP `~OQO "\ ~Q` =z
(26%), O~} `~ "` ` ` `Q @ =# <=kQ ` "\ `Q ` #k. (200809
<\H 21%xH Ki#k).
294. <_ *fÔ J`kH "\#JOkOK~O Q" k ([=#~O Q) ? (Q 2, 2008)
[. " \ ~OQO (79%).
295. GDP `~OQ "\ JkH "\# JOkOK L~O QO?
[. << _~" O@ ZO@~* .
296. }oH ~O" # `~ "` #Oz GDP Qg}~OQO JOkOK "\ ^~}?
[. `Q ` =zOk.
297. ` O O` "sQ K#_ GDP J`kH" \# JOkOK OÒ?
[. @} OÒ (19992000<\H 52%).
298. CSO x~K#O H~O ==H $ `~O Q=#Q?
[. XH O il~ K |__O Hh, U^< K@O HO^ #"^ J=@O Hx P, JC \x x~OK@O
Hx K Jk ==H $ `~O QO.
299. ~`* fÔ ==H $ `~O Q "\ ^~}?
[. ~Q` =O k. (200708 <\H 43%).
300. <_ *fÔ J`kH "\# JOkOK~O QO?
[. J==H $ `~O QO (200708 <\H 57%).
301. ~OQ"sQ ijeOz#_ J==H $ `~O QO #Oz Z= "\# JOkOK~O QO?
[. ==~OQO (200708 <\H 91%).
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 104
ECONOMY
302. NCAER KOk# (National Councile of Applied Economic Research)U PiH" ` Qg} GDP
=z# x~}`H=~ J^ #O Ki ?
[. ~* H =i kd .
303. ~* H =i kv H~O Qg} GDP ==O "\?
[. `Q ` =O k. (i=, = "\ ~Q` =O k).
304. 200708 <\H Qg} GDP J`kH "\# JOkOK~O QO?
[. ==O (42%).
305. 200708 <\H Qg} GDP J` "\# JOkOK~O QO?
[. = ~OQO (28.4%).
306. ^ GDP "^\ #O =~OQxk HQ, Qg} GDP JkH "\# JOkOK ~OQO?
[. ==O.
P^ KH " O :
307. ~ O_ ~OQ #=< Q~OQ :?
[. Q$~OQO, O ~OQO.
308. P^ KH "O J#Q?
[. Q$~OQO JOkOK Lù H~H O ~OQO u # KeO KQ O ~OQO JOkOK = =
Q$ ~OQO u KeO K#. W ~|_, KeO ~O XH ~OQO #O_ =~H ~OQxH
PÔ =OK@" P^ KH "O.
309. "= "O J#Q?
[. Q$~OQO #Oz Lù H~H O ~OQxH, O~OQO#Oz == Q$~OQO#
=OK@ "= "O.
310. ^="O J#Q?
[. O#Oz Lù H~H u Q$~OQxH, Q$~OQO #Oz == K =O,
O ~OQxH =OK@ ^="O.
311. ~ O_~OQ PiH= = ^^ Jx " O K |_# PiH ==?
[. O~= PiH ==.
312. O~ = PiH == J#Q?
[. @O `= =z# PÔ JO` = = qxQO Y~ @Q O `= =z#
PÔ JO` Lù H~H =O K #. (J#Q nx ^ LO_^ .)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 105
ECONOMY
313. ^x ^~} ~ O_ ~OQ #=< Identies (Equations) ?
[. i) O Lù K# "Ò = = "Ò qxQO.
ii) Q$~OQO =z# Lù H~H PÔ O K# Lù H~H KeO
iii) O PÔ Q$~OQ =O.
314. ^ J#Q?
[. @O, O `= =z# PÔ =O K~O_ LOz# QO
315. @O|~OQxH =z# PÔ HO` Qx ^ K @ =#?
[. qxQ =O `y, P^ KH "O `Q # ,
316. ^ J<k ^xH ux^ = =O k? (Q 2, 2008)
[. P^ "x `yO K#. (Withdrawal or Leakage to Circular flow of Income)
317. @|_ J#Q?
[. Lù H U == ` W`~ == LùH ^^_ ` "\ K ==
318. =^# == ^ @|_ == =OKk.?
[. O~OQO.
319. qxQ== H, @|_ == H `_?
[. ~ O_ == # O Lù K~, Hx qxQ== # O Q$~OQxH qH~~.
@|_ == # O W`~ O qH~~.
320. @|_ J<k?
[. P^ "O PÔ# OK#. (Investment is injection to circular flow of Income)
321. =^# =~\ J#Q ?
[. O, c=O , =O\ q` O (nx Q$ K# ^ q` O K~Q q` O #O_
O |} fHx @|_ _`~).
322. Q$~OQ K ^ |}Q =i O @|_Q JOkOK =~= ?
[. =^# =~\.
323. ^ K ~ O_~OQ #=< PÔ =Ò LO_O^ x|O^# ? (Q 2, 2008)
[. ^ @|_ (S = I).
324. ^, @|_x JkQq Oz#_ (S > I)?
[. P^ "O `Q # .
325. @|_, ^# JkQq Oz#_ (I >S)?
[. P^ "O ~Q#.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 106
ECONOMY
326. =_ ~OQ PiH= = ~OQq?
[. Q$~OQO, O ~OQO, ` ~OQO.
327. Closed Economy J#Q?
[. q^j "~O x PiH= =# Cbsed Economy JO^~.
(~O_ ~OQ, =_ ~OQ #=< Closed Economy H KOk#")
328. =_~OQ PiH= = `~OQO PÔ# OkOKH< =~?
[. Q$# , O < # qkO ^~ Ok~.
329. # qkO =# P^ "O?
[. `Q # (Q$, O K =O `y =#).
330. # P^ "O# UqÔ Q xK #?
[. P^ "x `yO K#. (Leakage to circular flow of Income)
331. Ò #^~ =K# P^x UqÔ Q =OK #?
[. Q$~OQO JOkOK Lù H~H =OK @ ^~ ("`< , r`), Q$~OQO |kb
KeO WK@ ^~ (L^. OK# . x~^Q$ u, ~ +C ) J\Q O H = =#
H#Q K @ ^~ O a_# JOkOK@ ^~ Ò =O K #.
332. Ò K =O =# P^ "O?
[. ~Q# (Govt. Expenditure is injection to circular flow of Income).
333. =_ ~OQ PiH= = P^ =`xH x|O^# ?
[. ^, @|_ =#OQ LO_@` @ #, ` =O =#OQ LO_e (S=I
=i T=G).
334. |kb KeO J#Q ?
[. Wq UHH " # q. Ò #Oz O , @O ^=" LO\~ Hh @O,
O #Oz `xH "= "O LO_^ .
335. <Q~OQ PiH= = Q ~OQq?
[. @O, O , Ò, q^j"~O (Rest.of the world)
336. JO`~f "~O x PiH= =# UqÔ Q ~ ?
[. Autarky (Wk Closed Economy LO@Ok).
337. Closed Economy { JO`~f "~O ?
[. Open Economy.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 107
ECONOMY
338. < ~OQ PiH= = = =# kQ=u K HO> P^ "O?
[. `Q # (kQ=` =# XH ^ PÔ W`~^ H =OK#. e ÒQ PÔ "O
`Q#).
339. <Q ~OQ PiH= = = =# ZQ=u K P^ "O?
[. ~Q# (ZQ=` =# q^ PÔ XH Ô H =K#. e ÒQ P^ "O ~Q#)
340. < ~OQ PiH= = P^ =`xH x|O^# ?
[. ^, @|_, #, ` =O =#Ò`@ kQ=`, ZQ=` =#Ò
LO_e. (S+T+M = I+G+X)
=#"a=$k z :
341. O K"O Q =#"a=$k px ~OkOKk?
[. UNDP (United Nations Development Programme).
342. =#"a=$kx U O=`~O #O_ ~Ok< ~?
[. 1990 #O_.
343. =#"a=$kx ` ~ K @ , H~ JOkOz#k?
[. =| L H, J=~ <, iK~ *b, Q" ~h, " <^ ^.
344. =#"a=$k ~teQ Z=ix ~O\~?
[. =| LH.
345. =#"a=$k p x~}O fH< JO ?
[. =_ 1) n~H P~Q=O`" # r=#=, (nxx P~ O` Q} ~ ).
2) q*#O (JH~ `` Q} ~ ).
3) r=# =}O (nxx ì GDP` Q} ~ ).2010 HDR ì GNI x fH<#.
346. UNDP "~ ~OkOK HDI P~ # Z\#O_ Q} ~ ?
[. \#\#O_.
347. UNDP"~ fH< JH~ ` Qq?
[. Z) =[# JH~ ` ~ @ (2010 HDR Means Years of Schooling)
a) ^q H, kf, `$f #"^ x+u. (Expected Years of Schooling)
348. UNDP"~ fH< ì GDP U~O LOk? (Q 2, 2008)
[. H#Q H =#` Q J"iH _~ (PPP US $). ( ` O ì GNI)
349. UNDP"~ HDI Q}# P~ O# Wz# Hx+, Qi+ q=.?
[. 25O., 85 O..( 2010 HDR 20, 83.2 O=`~).
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 108
ECONOMY
350. UNDP"~ JH~ ` ~ @H Wz# Hx+, Qi+ q=?
[. 0 =i 100. ( ` O EYS 020.6, MYS 013.2)
351. UNDP "~ ì GDP (PPP US $) Hz# Hx+ Qi+ q=?
[. 100 #Oz 40000 J"iH _~. ( ` O 163 #Oz 1,08,211)

352. JO zx Q}O KO^ L yOK Ò?
[. "= q= Hx+q =/ Qi+ q= Hx+q =.
353. HDI q= ZC_ gx=^ LO@Ok?
[. 01 =^ LO@Ok.
354. HDI q= ukHQ O K^ # 2009 HDR U qÔ Q =sHi OK#?
[. 0.000 0.499 =^ q= He# q J=#"a=$k ^.
0.500 0.799 =^ q= He# q =^ ~ =#"a=$k ^.
0.800 0.899 =^ q= He# q JkH =#"a=$k^ .
0.900 1.000 =^ q= He# q J`kH =#"a=$k^ .
355. 2009 =#"a=$k x"kH O K^ # < ~HQ =sHi OK#.J^#OQ Ki#k Uk?
[. 0.900 #Oz 1.00 =^ q= He# ^# J`kH =#"a=$k He# ^x =sHi OK#.
356. 2005 Q}OH P^~OQ ~OkOz# 2007 HDR 177 ^ ~` HDI ~OH?
[. 128.
[. 132.
[. 134 (0.612).
359. 2010 HDR ^ # OÔ ?
[. The Real Wealth of Nations : Pathways to Human Development
360. 2009, 2010 =#"a=$k x"kH ^ # ~H~ ?
[. *x Q = <.
361. 2010 HDR f# ^ OY?
[. 168 SH~[qu ^ (192 Q#), OHOQ, ("Ò He 169 ^.)
362. 2009 HDR Ja=$k KOk# ^Q "\x ~<#?
[. 0.9 HO> Z= =#"a=$k z Q Very high human developed countries# Ja=$k KOk#
^Q eK#.
(qye# =_ ~H ^# Ja=$k KO^`# ^Q eK#.)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 109
ECONOMY
363. 2010 HDR "^\ 5 < Ok#^?
[. 1 <~ (0.938)
2 Pe
3 #lO_
4 J"iH
5 S~O_
364. 2010 HDR x =#"a=$k p HDI z=i 5 < Ok# ^?
[. 165 "*OaH
166 |~O_
167 <Q ~
168 _" H\H iaH P HOQ
169 lO(0.140)
365. W\=~ HDI 8 ~ "^\ #O Ok#^?
[. H #_, <~.
366. 2010 HDR HDI~O "^\ 12 ^ K@ OkOz# P Ô ?
[. [< (11= ~OH).
367. 2010 HDR HDI ~O ~`^ O HO> =OÔ[ L# ~` W~Q~Q ^?
[. K< (89= ~OH).
NOH (91= ~OH).
=b= (107= ~OH).
368. 2010 HDI ~O ~`^ O HO> "#HO[ L# ~` W~Q~Q ^?
[. H< 125
|OQ^ 129
=<~ 132
< 138
Px < 155
369. BRICS ^ HDI =OÔ[ ## Ô ?
[. Russia 65= ~OH, (Brazil -73, China - 89, South Africa - 110, India -119,).
370. ~`^ O =#"a=$k z U~HO =#"a=$k *a` H^?
[. =^ ~ =#"a=$k ^.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
z~Orq 110
ECONOMY
371. 2010 =#"a=$k z ~` P=}O?
[. 64.4 O. (EYS - 10.3, MYS-4.4, ì GNI (PPP US$) 3,337)
372. PiH= $k, =#"a=$kH Q O|OÔ U qÔ Q LOk?
[. ^~}OQ Z= =$kQ ^ Z= =#"a=$k, ` = =$kQ ^ ` = =#"a=$k
LO@Ok. J~` D O|OÔ Z_ W< LO@O^x K O. Hx^ JkH PiH= $k L#\H,
J=#"a=$k LO_=K. L^ : ~` ì GNI H< qÒ ` = ìGNI He L<, HDI
~`H < (119), qÒ (113) =OÔ[ LOk.
373. =#Ô *f =#"a=$k x"kH (NHDR) # ` ~K K iOz#k?
[. }oH O O (2001).
374. *f =#"a=$k x"kH (NHDR) HDIQ}# f# JO?
[. n~H =O`" # r=#O, q^^#, PiH ^# (UNDP f# JO =).
375. }oH O O ~OkOz# NHDR 15 ~ "^\ #O Ok# ~RO ?
[. H ~ (0.638).
376. }oH O O ~OkOz# NHDR 15 ~ z=i#O Ok# ~RO?
[. c~ (0.367).
377. *f =#"a=$k p ~` HDI q=?
[. 2001 0.472 (1981 0.302, 1991 0.381).
378. 2001 *f =#"a=$kx"kH PO^ ^ HDI~OH?
[. 10= ~OH (0.416) 1981 9=#O 0.298.
1991 9=#O 0.377.
2001 10=#O 0.416.
379. 2001 *f =#"a=$k x"kH H~O AP=#"a=$k z (WO_ ` e) ?
[. ~` HO> (0.472), PO^ ^ (0.416) p`H =Q LOk. (Q 2, 2008)
380. NHDR P~ x Z\#Oz Q}O K_O [iyOk?
[. 1 O=`~O =#O_ P~ O fH<#. (nxH 65%, t=~} ~ @ 35% ^#`
WK#).
381. NHDR PiH ^# J< JOx U qÔ Q fH<#?
[. <i ì qxQ =O P^~OQ (Hx+O 65 ~, Qi+O 325 ~.).
382. 2001 NHDR =#"a=$k p q= Hx+, Qi+q = gx=^ L#q?
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 111
ECONOMY
[. 0.367 0.638 =^ Q=.
383. ~`^ O qq^ ~ UNFPA (United Nations Fund for Population Activities) "~ ` ~
K#HDI "^\ , z=i< Ok# ~?
[. "^\ #O H ~.
z=i #O c~.
384. =#Ô qq^ ~ =| L H Q}O z# HDI "^\ z=i< Ok#
~?
[. H ~, =^ ^ .
385. =| L H =#Ô qq^ ~ HDI Q}O z ^x K iOK#?
[. Human Development in South Asia 1997
386. al` Q HDI Q}# UNDP "~ fH# =_ JO` @ J^#OQ Ki# JOq?
[. r=# <}`, îH x~#, \} H ~ }
.
387. al` Q Zx ~H =#"a=$k p# ~OkOK# (198894 =^ HO)?
[. 1) HDI P~ O, JH~ `, ì~R PÔ.
1
2) HDI = HDI { r=#<}`.

2 1
3) HDI = HDI {îH x~#.

3 2
4) HDI = HDI {@}

4 3
H ~ }
.
388. al` Q HDI# U QOÔ OîK#?
[. Human development of India - A Study of Inter-state disparity.
389. al` Q ~OkOz# HDI , HDI "^\ , z=i < Ok# ~ ?
1 2
[. H~, L`~^.
390. Q ~OkOz# HDI HDI "^\ , z=i < Ok#~?
3 4
[. H ~, Xi.
391. UNFPA =| L H, al` Q HDI 1 =i 2 =# ~R#=?
[. 9= ~OH.
392. Q ~OkOz#HDI =i HDI =#~RO Ok#~O?
3 4
[. 7= ~OH, 6= ~OH.
393. PO^ ^ =#"a=$k px ` ~ K# k?
[. CESS (Centre for Economic and Social Studies).
394. =#Ô }oH OO `~ KH~" U~RO "^@Q =#"a=$k px
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 112
ECONOMY
~OkOz#k?
[. =^ ^ .
395. PO^ ^ Human Development Report (AP HDR) HDI Q}# f# JO ?
[. 1) JH~ ` (=[# JH~ ` { ~ JH~ `).
2) P~ O, (O=`~O #O_ P~ O { Infant Survival Rate).
3) ì qxQ =O.
396. ~R =#"a=$k p "^\ <x Ok# l ?
[. ^~^ (0.717).
397. AP HDR HDI ~ O_=~OH# Ok# l
[. H$ (0.623).
398. AP HDR (2001) z=i#O Ok# l?
[. =| #Q~ (0.397).
399. AP HDR HDI ~OH 22=#O L# l?
[. q[#Q~O (0.402).
400. 2001 AP HDR PO^ ^ =#"a=$k p q=?
[. 0.537
401. O` "sQ ijeOz#_ ~R Q@ p HO> Z=p He# OÒ?
[. ^H} H OÒ.
402. 2005 <\H PO^ ^ t=~} ~ @?
[. 57 (1991 73, 2002 62).
403. H ~` e#_ ~RO t=~}~ @?
[. K Z=Q LOk. (2005 H ~ IMR - 14).
404. 200405 ~RO Hi Ò?
[. 6.6% (199394 14.8%).
405. 2009 HDR eOQ O|O^ Ja=$k p GDI ~`~ OH?
[. 114 (155 ^ Q#).
406. 2009 HDR (Human Poverty Index)=#= îH p (HPI ) ~` ~OH?
1
[. 88 (135 ^Q#).
407. PO^ ^ GDI (eOQ O|O^ Ja=$k z) "^\ ~ O_ < L# l ?
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 113
ECONOMY
[. 1st - Hyderabad, 2nd - Ranga Reddy.
408. AP ~OkOz# HDR eOQ O|O^ Ja=$k p z=i#O L# l ?
[. 22 Rank - Vizianagaram, 23 - Mahabubnagar.
409. PO^ ^ l"s K#C_ =#= îH p (HPI) "^\ #O L# l (2001
<\H)?
[. Hyderabad (0.213) (2nd place Ranga Reddy).
410. PO^ ^ l "sQ K#C_ HPI z=i#O L# l?
[. q[#Q~O (0.597).
411. ~RO 2001 <\H eOQkH~` H=x p (GEMI) "^\ #O L# l?
[. H$ (0.659) (z=i #O =|#Q~ 0.546).
~Ô :
412. *f~ *f^x H O^ Q}OHO Q}O KQ =# ~RO ~^x Q}O K O
Uk? (Q 2, 2008)
[. ~R PiH Q}OH O (Directorate of Economics and Statistics - DES).
413. XH ~R QoH i^ O=`~ HO Lù K|_# == q=# D qÔQ
~?
[. GSDP (Gross State Domestic Product).
414. H|_# q= (Gross Value Added GVA) J#Q?
[. Lù K# Jx == q=#Oz LyOz# =Ô`~ L`^H q=#
f" =Kk GVA.
GVA - Gross value of output - value of intermediate inputs.
415. Gross value Added H =~~?

[. GSDP (Gross state Domestic Product).
416. H|_# xH~ q= (Net Value Added) NVA UqÔ Q =O k?

[. GVA - `~ Q^ / ~
= ^# qxQq=.
417. H |_# xH~ q= (NVA) =~H~?
[. xH~~ R Lù (NSDP Net State Domestic Product).
418. ~R ì P^x Z@ O^=K?
[. ~R PÔ / ~R [< (^) NVA /[<.
FC
419. ~R Lùx (GSDP)Zx q^Q =kO K~ ? (Q 2, 2008)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 114
ECONOMY
[. =_ 1) Lù =kO û (Product Method.)
2) P^ =kO û (Income Method.)
3) = =kO û (Expenditure Method.)
420. AP ~R Lù =kO O^~ O Q PiH ==# Zx ~OQQ ql Ozi ?
[. 9 ^ # ~OQQ 17 L~O QQ ql Ozi.
421. ==O, +}, J_=,K , Q# `=HO, ("Ò ^q H ~OQO) il+~ =#HiOQ
~OQO` He 6 L ~OQ GSDx Q}O KO^ U û x L y< ~?
[. Lù =kO û .
422. = =kO û x U ~OQO GSDPQ}# L y< ~?
[. x~} ~OQO.
423. qye# 10 L~O Q (J< il+~ =#HiOQ, q^`, Q, h\~ ~ , "Ò "~OQO) U
û x L y< ~?
[. P^ =kO û .
424, 201011 (A) GSDP `$f ~OQO JOkOK "\?
[. =~ 53.7%.
425. 201011 (A) GSDP `$f ~OQO `~ "` JkH" \# JOkOK ~OQO?
[. ^q H ~OQO (24.5%).
426. 201011 (A) GSDP Ju ` = "\# JOkOK ~OQO?
[. kf ~OQO (21.6%).
427. *f^x ~^x ie H#_ JOO?
[. *f, ~R~ ~ O_O\# JkH" \# JOkOKk `$f~OQ" . J~` *f~ ^q H
~OQO z=i#O LO_Q, ~R ~ kf ~OQO z=i#O Q^.
428. GSDP ^q H ~OQO JkH "\# JOkOKk?
[. ==O.
429. kf ~OQO (GSDP) JkH" \# JOkOK ~OQO ?
[. =#HiOQ ~OQO.
430. ~RO #`# PiH O~} `~ "` GSDP =$k~ @ `y< , ì P^ =$k~ @ ~Q@
H~}O?
[. [< ~Q^ ~ @ ` =Q LO_@.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 115
ECONOMY
431. 201011(A) O=`~O ` ^~ GSDPZO`?
[. 5,65,000 H@.
432. 201011(A) O=`~O ~ ^ ~ GSDPZO`Q JOK<" |_Ok?
[. 3,71,000 H@.
433. 201011(A) O. ~ ^ ~ GSDP =$k~ @?
[. 8.89 (JO` ~O =~Q 2O. 5% =$k~ @# JkQq OzOk.
434. 201011(A) OII ` ^~ ~R ì PÔ?
[. 60,000 =~
435. 201011(A) OII ~ ^ ~ ~R ì PÔ?
[. 39,200
436. 201011(A) OII ~R ì PÔ =$k~ @? (~ ^~ )
[. 7.97 (nx=O^ ~ O_ OII 4% Q LOk).
437. OII HO XH l QoH i^ Lù K |_ = = PiH q=# D qÔ Q
~?
[. GDDP (Gross District Domestic Product).
438. 200910 O=`~O (Q) J`kH GDDPQ l Uk ( ` ^~ )?

[. ^~^ (~O_=k qY@O).
439. 200910 OII (Q) J` GDDPQ l Uk? ( ` ^~ )
[. q[#Q~O .(~O_=k NHO)
440. 200910 (Q) OII ~ ^~ J`kH, J` GDDPQ l?
[. ^~^, NHO.
441. l Lùx, l [<K yOKQ =Kk?
[. l ì PÔ. (ì GDDP)
442. ` ^~ 200910 (Q) J`kH ì PÔ He# l?
[. ^~^ (~II 86,000/)
443. ` ^~ 200910(Q) J` ì PÔ He# l?
[. NHO (~II 33,700/)
444. ~ ^ ~ 200910 (Q) J`kH ì PÔ He# l ?
[. ^~^ (~II 64,600/)
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 116
ECONOMY
445. ~ ^ ~ 200910 (Q) J` ì PÔHe# l ?
[. NHO (~II 23,000/.)
446. 200910 OII J`kH ~R PÔ ( ` ^~ ) Q ~RO?
[. =~+ (~O_=#O L`~ ^ , =_=#O PO^ ^ ).
447. 200708 OIIxH J` ~R PÔ ( ` ^~ ) Q ~RO?
[. H O (=K~O "# ~).
448. 200708 OIIxH J`kH ì PÔ Q ~RO ( ` ^~ )?
[. Q" (~II 96,000).
449. ^ ~ 200910 OIIxH J`kH ì PÔ He# ~RO?
[. ~< (~II 77,800/).
450. 200910 O=`~xH Ju ` = ì PÔ Q ~RO ( ` ^~ )?
[. c~ (~II 14,600/).
451. WO_ Ju Z= ì PÔ O^ H OêÒÒ (200910 ` ^~ )?
[. KO_Q ~ (~II 1,28,700/).
452. 200809(P) OII ~RO GSDP ~ = ^# H#Ò?
[. 29% (W^ O. Ô 35% Q LOk).
453. ~`^ O = =#~RO U ^H O #Oz JkH =$k ~ @ #"^ K H=_O ~OaOz#k?
[. 1980 ^H O #Oz.
454. 9= }oH GSDP=$k~ @ ZO` #"Ô k?
[. 5.59%.
455. 10= }oH GSDP =$k~ @ ZO` kOK_" O k?
[. 8.33% (*f~ =$k 7.8%HO> Z=).
456. 201011 (A) ~R ==, iqH, "~OQ, GSDP =$k~ @ =~Q ?
[. ==O 8.39%, i= 7.79%, = 9.61% GSDP =$k 8.89%.
457. ~RO ~R LùH O|OkOz# Q}OH Uq^< Hi< ~?
[. Pq~q OK PÔ (Income Originating) û.
458. Pq~q OK PÔ (Income Originating) q^#O J#Q?
[. ~R QoH Z $+O K|_ PÔ=`" H OK|_#. ~R [ W`~ ~ OkOK
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z~Orq 117
ECONOMY
PÔ nx H OK~ . PK~} D q^#O< ~R Lù H OK|_Òk.
459. ~R [ r=#=}x JOK< "O^ Q}O Ke#k?
[. ~Rì PÔ.
460. ` O ~RO ~R P^x Q}O KO^ U O=`~h P^~ O=`~OQ fO@<~?
[. 20042005. (Q 2, 2008)
461. P^~ O=`~x =~@Q H~}q?
[. Z) PiH= = x~}O =K =~ `H<O^.
a) JO`~f =} J#Q}OQ =~e LOk.
) J^ # ^` # "~Q~K @.
_) PiH= = "= =$kx `H#@.
462. 2001 <\H ~RO "Ò ==O P^~_ " i Ò?
[. 62% (nx ==^~ 22.70% HQ == q 39.60% H~).
463. ~RO ==O P^~_ "i ^~} Z\ L#q?
[. ==^~ Ò `Q ` ~Q, == q Ò ~Q` =O k. "Ò g^ ==O
P^~_ " i Ò `Q ` =O k.
Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

z~Orq 118
ECONOMY
H
1. *f^=<k
1) x 2) "O 3) x =i "O 4) UnH^
2. O^ J<k
1) x 2) "O 3) x =i "O 4) UnH^
3. XH Ô XH O=`~HO =, =^#O L yOz, [=#~ O` LùK = =
xH~ q" *f^=x x~zOz#k
1) Q 2) =~ 3) = < *<\ 4) *f^ Hq\
4. XH xs` HO XH == # ~ O_~ q=H@ O_ *Q` _ ` ` ~ # Jx == q=#
JOK<" J^ *f^=x x~zOz#k.
1) Q 2) =~ 3) = < *<\ 4) *f^ Hq\
5. ''Ô L`^H =#~ ^~ [x`" , U\ `k qxQ^~# K~ = = "Ò xH~ q=# ^
=^# ~tH [`K |_ xH~ q=# *fÔ Jx x~zOz#k.
1) Q 2) =~ 3) = < *<\ 4) *f^ Hq\
6. LùH, xH~ LùH `_
1) `~ Q^ 2) xH~ ZQ=` 3) xH~ ~H # 4) xH~ q^jH~HÔ
7. ~ =^# qxQx UqÔ Q ~
8. `~ Q^ nx He LO@Ok
1) Lù 2) xH~ Lù 3) 1 =i 2 4) UnH^
9. XH^ QoH i^ [iQ Lù
1) ^jù 2) *fù 3) xH~* fù 4) UnH^
10. O=`~HO XH^ ~K K |_ Lù (Ô Qx, Ô "Qx Lù H|_=K)
1) ^jù 2) *fù 3) xH~* fù 4) UnH^
11. q^#Oz =K H~HÔ #Oz q^ KeO K H~H^x q#~OKQ =Kk
12. ^jù, *f`` =^ `_
13. q^j xH~ H~HÔ ^< `H" `
1) ^jù HO> *fù Z= 2) *fù HO> ^jù Z=
3) ^jù, *fùH =#O 4) UnH^
14. q^j xH~H ~HÔ |}`H" `
1) ^jù HO> *fù Z= 2) *fù HO> ^jù Z=
3) ^jù, *fùH =#O 4) UnH^
1.2 2.1 3.2 4.4 5.3 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.2 11.4 12.4 13.1
14.2
z~Orq 119 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
15. q^j xH~H ~HÔ #=~`
1) ^jù HO> *fù Z= 2) *fù HO> ^jù Z=
3) ^jù, *fùH =#O 4) UnH^
16. ^jù { q^j xH~ H~HÔ (NFIA)
1) *fù 2) ^jù 3) `~ Q^ 4) ì PÔ
17. *fù q^j xH~H ~HÔ (NFIA)
1) *fù 2) ^jù 3) `~ Q^ 4) ì PÔ
18. O=`~HO [iQ Lùx =~\ ^~ K z =K PÔ
1) =~\ ^~ PÔ 2) LùH~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ
3) ì PÔ 4) =+ PÔ
19. Lù H~H# qH @HO, = "`# O, =^< xH =_, == xH O , # HQ =K
PÔ
1) =~\ ^~ PÔ 2) LùH~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ
3) ì PÔ 4) =+ PÔ
20. =~\ ^~ P^xH, Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ P^xH `_
1) `~ Q^ 2) xH~ ~H # 3) xH~ ZQ=` 4) xH~ q^j PÔ
21. xH~ ~H##Q
1) ~H # { a_ 2) ~H # a_
3) ~H # ~|_ ~H # = J =O 4) UnH^
22. =~\ ^~ PÔ #Oz xH~ ~H # q#~ =Kk
1) ì PÔ 2) =+ PÔ
3) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ 4) GDP
23. LùH~H Ys^ ^$ P^xH xH~ ~ H # Ki =Kk
1) ì PÔ 2) =+ PÔ
3) =~\ ^~ ^$ PÔ 4) GDP
24. P^x ` O=`~ ^~ Q} =Kk
1) "" Ô 2) <==` PÔ 3) ì PÔ 4) =+ PÔ
25. *fÔ# ~ O=`~ ^~ H =Kk
1) "" Ô 2) <==` PÔ 3) ì PÔ 4) =+ PÔ
26. ~`^ O "^@ U O=`~x P^~O =`~OQ fH<#
1) 199394 2) 198081 3) 197071 4) 194849
27. ` O *f^x Q}O KO^ U O=`~x P^~O =`~OQ fO@<~
1) 199394 2) 200405 3) 19992000 4) 200809
15.3 16.1 17.2 18.1 19.2 20.2 21.2 22.3 23.3 24.2 25.1 26.4 27.2
z~Orq 120 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
28. "" ^x OÔ^ L yOK Ò
<==` PÔ ^~ z
1) x 100 2) x 100
^~ z <==` PÔ
"q H PÔ ^~ z
3) x 100 4) x 100
^~ z "q H PÔ
29. O=`~HO XH^ QoH i^ [iQ JOu= =, = Lùx DqÔ Q ~ .
1) GDPMP 2) GDPFC 3) GNPMP 4) GNPFC
30. =~\ ^~ ^jù H}
O
1) Wk "=# 2) nx `~ Q^ He LO@Ok
3) D Lù ^jK, q^jKQx K |_ LO_=K 4) = h
31. O=`~HO P^ ~K (Ô Qx, "Qx) LùK
|_# JOu= = =# "\
=~\ ^~ K z =Kk
1) GDPMP 2) GDPFC 3) GNPMP 4) GNPFC
32. =~\ ^~ *fùH KOk#k
1) nx `~ Q^ He LO@Ok 2) nx xH~ q^j H~HÔ KiLO_# (NFIA)
3) D Lù Ô Qx, Ô "Qx K |_ LO_=K 4) = h
33. GDPMP + NFIA
1) GDPFC 2) GNPFC 3) GNPMP 4) UnH^
34. GNPMP - NFIA
1) GDPFC 2) GNPFC 3) GNPMP 4) GDPMP
35. GDP, GNP Uk Z=Q LO@Ok
1) ^~
P^~_ # 2) NFIA P^~_ #
3) xH~ ZQ=` P^~_ # 4) xH~ ~H # P^~_
#
36. GNP > GDP (Group-II 2008)
1) NFIA ^<`H"` 2) NFIA |}`H" ` 3) NFIA #"` 4) UnH^
37. GDP > GNP
38. GNP = GDP
39. GNP
1) GDP HO> q"# k 2) GDP + NFIA
3) Wk ^ O HO> ~ ^#` WK# 4) =
x
40. GDP
1) GNP HO> Oz`" # =# 2) ~HO> ^ xH ^#`xK#
3) GNP - NFIA 4) = x
28.1 29.1 30.4 31.3 32.4 33.3 34.4 35.2 36.1 37.2 38.3 39.4 40.4
z~Orq 121 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
41. GNP, GDP H `_
1) `~ Q^ 2) NFIA (xH~ q^jH~HÔ)
3) xH~ ZQ=` 4) xH~ ~H #
42. GDPMP #Oz `~ Q^# q#~
1) NDPFC 2) NDPMP 3) NNPMP 4) NNPFC
43. NDPMP + `~ Q^
1) NDPFC 2) GDPMP 3) GDPFC 4) NNPMP
44. GDPMP H NDPMP H `_
1) `~ Q^ 2) NFIA (q^j xH~H ~HÔ)
3) xH~ ZQ=` 4) xH~ ~H #
45. GNPMP #Oz `~ Q^# q#~
1) NDPMP 2) NDPFC 3) GNPFC 4) NNPMP
46. NNPMP + `~ Q^
1) GNPMP 2) GNPFC 3) NDPMP 4) NDPFC
47. GNPMP H NNPMP H `_
1) xH~ ZQ=` 2) xH~ ~H #
3) NFIA (xH~ q^jH~HÔ) 4) `~ Q^
48. NNPMP x DqÔ Q O^=K
1) GNPMP - `~ Q^ 2) NDPMP + NFIA
3) GDPMP + NFIA `~ Q^ 4) =
x
49. GNPMP x DqÔ Q O^=K
1) GDPMP + NFIA 2) NNPMP + `~ Q^
3) NDPMP + `~ Q^ + NFIA 4) =
h
50. GNPMP H GNPFC H `_
51. GDPMP H GDPFC `_
1) `~ Q^ 2) xH~ ~H # 3) xH~ q^jH~HÔ 4) xH~ ZQ=`
52. NNPMP H NNPFC H `_
1) xH~ ZQ=` 2) `~ Q^ 3) xH~ q^jH~HÔ 4) xH~ ~H #
53. NDPMP H NDPFC H `_
1) xH~ ~H # 2) xH~ q^jH~HÔ 3) `~ Q^ 4) xH~ ZQ=`
54. xH~ ~H ##Q
1) ~H # a_ 2) ~H # { a_
3) xH~ ZQ=` a_ 4) xH~ ZQ=` { a_
41.2 42.2 43.2 44.1 45.4 46.1 47.4 48.4 49.4 50.3 51.2 52.4 53.1
54.1
z~Orq 122 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
55. GDPFC =
1) GDPMP ~H # { a_ 2) GDPMP { ~H # a_
3) GDPMP ZQ=` { kQ=` 4) GDPMP + ZQ=` kQ=`
56. GDPMP =
1) GDPFC ~H
# { a_ 2) GDPFC { ~H # a_
3) GDPFC ZQ=` { kQ=` 4) GDPFC + ZQ=` kQ=`
57. NNPFC =
1) NNPMP ~H # { a_ 2) NNPMP { ~H # a_
3) NNPMP ZQ=` { kQ=` 4) NNPMP + ZQ=` kQ=`
58. NNPMP =
1) NNPFC ~H
# { a_ 2) NNPFC { ~H # a_
3) NNPFC ZQ=` { kQ=` 4) NNPFC + ZQ=` kQ=`
59. ^~}OQ *fÔ J#Q
1) NNPMP 2) NNPFC 3) GNPMP 4) GNPFC
60. *f^=#Q
1) =~\ ^~ ^$ PÔ ~H # { a_
2) =~\ ^~ ^$ PÔ { ~H # a_
3) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ ~H # { a_
4) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ PÔ { ~H # a_
61. *fÔ #Oz H~~\ #, Oz@|_x , OH^` q~, q#~Oz
|kbKeO # Ki =Kk
1) GNP 2) GDP 3) =+ PÔ 4) =~ PÔ
62. Z@=O\ L`^H H~H #O_ UHH O Q O^ u # U=O\~
1) Oz@|_x 2) |kb KeO
3) H~~\# 4) "`<
63. |kb KeO xk
1) x~^Q$ u 2) q^~ ~+ 3) =$^ OK< 4) #
64. HOk "x |kbKeO Uk ?
1) i>~ # = HK OK< 2) ~} ~ K O
3) =~^ =O JOkOK O 4) = x
65. *f^ Q}# q#~OK|_k
1) HiHK # 2) Q$}= 3) q^~ ~+ 4) 2 =i 3
66. =~ PÔ J#Q
1) =+ PÔ ~H # 2) =+ PÔ ` H #
3) =+ PÔ H~~\ # 4) =+ PÔ Jx ~H #
55.1 56.2 57.1 58.2 59.2 60.1 61.3 62.2 63.4 64.4 65.4 66.2
z~Orq 123 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
67. ^ *f^x [<K y =Kk
1) =+ PÔ 2) =~ PÔ 3) ì PÔ 4) NNP
68. ì PÔ ~QO>
1) *fÔ ~Qe 2) [< `Qe 3) 1 =i 2 4) UnH^
69. "q H ì PÔ OÔ^
1) "= *fÔ 2) ~ ^~ ì PÔ
[<
3) <==` ì PÔ 4) = x
x 100
^~ z
70. ì P^ =$k~ @# OÔ^
1) *f^ =$k~ @ { [< =$k~ @ 2) *f^ =$k~ @ [< =$k~ @
3) *f^ =$k~ @ 4) *f^ =$k~ @ x [< =$k~ @
[<
71. XH^ *f^ =$k~ @ 7.8, [< =$k~ @ 1.5 HQ ì P^ =$k~ @
1) 5.2 2) 6.3 3) 9.3 4) UnH^
72. *f^x =kOKO^ L yOK û
1) P^=kO û 2) Lù =kO û 3) ==kO û 4) = h
73. Lù =kO û x DqÔ Q ~
1) value added method 2) industrial origin method
3) net output method 4) =
h
74. = < *<\ Lù =kO û x DqÔ Q K #
1) Lù û 2) Lù " û 3) "__ û 4) = _
75. XH ~OQO [iy# Lù =~H~OQO LùH~HOQ qxyOK|_#_ gross value added
H#Q<O^
1) gross value added = gross value output + value of intermediatary inputs
2) gross value added = gross value output - value of intermediatary inputs
3) gross value added = gross value output - all inputs 4) UnH^
76. Gross value added H Net value added H `_
1) `~ Q^ 2) ~ =^# qxQO 3) 1 =i 2 4) UnH^
77. Lù =kO û XH == # ~ O_~ q=H@ O_ LO_O^
1) JOu= qxQ == < H OKe 2) "__ û x J=OaOKe
3) ~ ^~ < H OKe 4) 1 =i 2
67.3 68.3 69.4 70.2 71.2 72.4 73.4 74.2 75.2 76.3 77.4
z~Orq 124 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
78. Lù =kO û ^~ ~Q^ "x `yOKO^ fH=# *Q`
1) ~ ^~ Lùx Q}O K@ 2) ` ^~ Q}O z#\H ^~ p` ~ @ K @
3) JOu= == # H xH fH#@ 4) 1 =i 2
79. Lù =kO û *f^x Q}O K@_ fH=# *Q`
1) =^ O`~ == # K~ ~^ 2) O qxQx K~e
3) ` == Lùx H OK~^ 4) = x
80. P^ =kO û x DqÔ Q ~ .
1) factor share method 2) distributed share method
3) consumption and investment method 4) 1 =i 2
81. @HO, "`< , =_, O =i q= P^ K~ @^~ U û *f^x O^=K
1) P^ =kO û 2) = =kO û 3) Lù =kO û 4) "__ û
82. q= P^=#Q
1) ^, q^#Oz =K PÔ
2) O` P , O` =^# O =K u O, `< qxQ xK =K "`# O
3) qx "`< , L^Q x r` 4) UnH^
83. HOk"x qx PÔ QO
1) #, O H ^` KeO ` _# "`< , r`
2) [=x L^Q x HK O H ^` KeO
3) O L^Q x HOkOK Lz` q^, "^ O, =, W`~ ^ 4) = x
84. =^# PÔ Q=
1) _q_O_ 2) # qkOKH ~O Oz@|_x
3) ^ _l@, O_ =_, "}[ O xH~= _ 4) = x
85. P^ =kO û q#~OK JOO
1) |kb KeO ^~ =K PÔ 2) Qe"@
3) K@= u~H ^=O 4) = x
86. P^=kO û Q}# K~ =# JOO
1) @s= =z# "Ò 2) yOQ PÔ
3) OÒQ LO@# aeOQ KeO K=# @HO 4) x~^Q$ u
87. = =kO û H =~H ~
1) Income disposable method 2) Consumption and Investment method
3) Final product method 4) =
h
88. = =kO û GDP QO
1) C + I + G 2) C + I + G + (X - M)
3) C + I + G + (X - M) + NFIA 4) Jx
78.4 79.4 80.4 81.1 82.2 83.4 84.3 85.4 86.3 87.4 88.2
z~Orq 125 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
89. xH~ ZQ=` J#Q
1) ZQ=` { kQ=` 2) ZQ=` kQ=`
3) ZQ=u PÔ #O_ kQ=u =O q#~ =Kk 4) ZQ=` #
90. = =kO û GNP Q
1) C + I + G 2) C + I + G + (X - M)
3) C + I + G + (X - M) + NFIA 4) C + I + G + (X - M) - NFIA
91. PiH == [iQ "Ò ^j =O
1) qxQ =O (C), " \ =O (I), ` =O (G)
2) qxQ =O (C), " \ =O (I), ` =O (G), xH~ q^j =O (X - M)
3) qxQ =O (C), "\ =O (I), ` =O (G), q^j =O (X - M), q^j xH~ H~H =O
4) = h
92. = =kO û P^x Q}O K@_ fHx JOO
1) +~, O_ K =O 2) H O_ O_ Q_ K =O
3) |kb KeO K =O 4) = x
93. *f^ Q}# q#~OK=#k
1) @s ^~ =K PÔ 2) ` OÒ Jq` =K PÔ
3) +~ J=HO =# =z# PÔ 4) = x
94. *f^ Q}# HOk "x fH=# JOO Uk ?
1) +~ J"@_ U*O\ f< Hg+< 2) ` H~ J"@_ U*O\ Hg+<
3) OH~ [_H K rÒ 4) = x
95. ~`^ O U û *f^x Q} < ~ (Group-II 2008)
1) P^ =kO û 2) = =kO û
3) Lù =kO û 4) = x
96. H O^ Q}OH O (CSO) PiH ==# Zx ^ # ~OQQ ql OzOk
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 5
97. ''HO^ Q}OH O (CSO) PiH ==# 3 ^ # ~OQQ ql Oz#k. Jq
1) ==, iqH, "~OQ 2) ^q H, kf, `$f ~OQ
3) @O|, O , ` ~OQ 4) ^j, q^j, ^ ~OQ
98. ^q H ~OQO Q" # JOO
1) ==O 2) J@gO^, =` O^
3) "x OQ =i Hi~OQ 4) = x
99. CSO q[ # Q kf ~OQO Q
1) =# HiOQ 2) q^`, Q, h\ ~ ~
3) x~}= 4) = x
89.2 90.3 91.2 92.4 93.4 94.4 95.4 96.2 97.2 98.4 99.4
z~Orq 126 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
100. iqH ~OQO J#Q
1) kf ~OQO { Q# `=HO 2) ^q H ~OQO { Q# `=HO
3) kf ~OQO { =~H O , @, ~ ~ O@ 4) = x
101. Q# `=HO nx QO
1) ^q H ~OQO 2) kf ~OQO 3) `$f ~OQO 4) = x
102. Q# `=HO nx QO (Group-II 2008)
1) == ~OQO 2) i= ~OQO 3) = ~OQO 4) = x
103. Q# `=HO nx QO
1) ^q H ~OQO 2) i= ~OQO 3) = ~OQO 4) 1 =i 2
104. ~`^ O Lù =kO û U ~OQO J=Oa < ~
1) ^q H ~OQO 2) i[+~ =#HiOQ ~OQO
3) x~} ~OQO (@} ) 4 = x
105. P^ =kO û ~`^ O UU ~OQO J=Oa < ~
1) J< il~ =#HiOQ ~OQO 2) q^`, Q, h\ ~ ~
3) " ~OQO 4) = x
106. ~`^ O ==kO û x U ~OQO J=Oa < ~
1) x~}= (@} ) 2) x~}O (Qg}O`)
3) =#HiOQ (il+~ ) 4) =#HiOQ (J< i[+~ )
107. ~`^ O *f, ì P^# "^\ iQ Q}O z#k (Group-II 2008)
1) ^^ <~r 2) P.C. = <a 3) V.K.R.V. ~= 4) J\<<
108. ^^ <~r îH = ^#`# <H KO^ *f^ H # nx K iOK#
1) Poverty and un British Rule in India 2) Poverty in India
3) National Income in India 4) Planning and the poor
109. ^^ <~r 186768 O=`~xH O|OkOz *f^x JOK<"# _ *f, ì
P^ =~Q
1) ~II 1689 H@, ~II 62 2) ~II 250 H@, ~II 30
3) ~II 240 H@, ~II 25 4) ~II 340 H@, ~II 20
110. Ò`xH ~O *f^x JOK< "# "~
1) qeO_w 2) O _ +~ 3) P~..^ 4) " ~O^~
111. "Wealth and Taxable capacity of India" J< QOÔ *f^x JOK< "# "~
1) qeO_w 2) H .\. =i HO|\
3) R.C. ^ 4) V.K.R.V. ~=
112. "Consumer Expenditure in India" J< QOÔ *f^x JOK<"# k
1) qeO_w 2) H .\. =i HO|\ 3) R.C. ^ 4) V.K.R.V. ~=
100.1 101.1 102.2 103.4 104.4 105.4 106.2 107.1 108.1 109.4 110.4 111.2 112.3
z~Orq 127 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
113. Ò`xH ~O *f^x û JOK<"# #` giH ^H Ok
1) ^^ <~r 2) V.K.R.V. ~= 3) P.C. = <a 4) R.C. ^
114. V.K.R.V. ~= JOK< (193132 OIIH) ~` *f, ì P^ =~Q
1) ~II 340 H@, ~II 20 2) ~II 1689 H@, ~II 62
3) ~II 8,710 H@, ~II 225 4) ~II 2,364 H@, ~II 74
115. V.K.R.V ~=Q~ *f^x Q}O KO^ L yOz# ^`
1) Lù û =`" 2) Lù, P^ û 3) Lù, =û 4) P^, = û
116. Ò`#O`~O Ô "`xH *f^x Q}O z# *f^ Hq\ J^ _
1) .. = <a 2) _.P~. Q_ 3) q.H.P~.q. ~= 4) = < *<\ .
117. ~` Ò ''*f^ Hq\x (High powered expert commettee) xqOz# O=`~O
1) 1949 2) 1951 3) 1954 4) 1965
118. *f^ Hq\H D ~OQO JO`~f Mu Q_O z# gi O aOzOk
1) =< *<\ 2) J.R.N. < 3) _~< 4) =Q~
119. 194849 O=`~xH *f^ Hq\ JOK< "# _ ~` ì PÔ
1) ~II 20 2) ~II 62 3) ~II 225 4) ~II 2,225
120. HO^ Q}OH O (CSO) H ^ # H~O ZK@ H^
1) =O~ 2) #_b 3) HH` 4) <
121. HO^ Q}OH O (CSO) *fÔ# "National Accounts Statastics" (NAS) ~` Z\#Oz
KiOk
1) 1975 2) 1985 3) 1970 4) 1980
122. 1975 #Oz H O^ Q}OH O K iOK "National Accounts Statastics" # D qÔ Q ~
1) White paper 2) Blue paper 3) Yellow paper 4) Red paper
123. ~+ Q}OH q=~ H~} XH U*hH, =~H U*hH `_x ikÔ^ Z=i J^H`# ''*f
Q}OH Hg+< xqOK|_Ok
1) J=~ < 2) ~OQ~[< 3) ~ >O_~ 4) ~=
124. ` O Ô *f^x H OKk
1) NSSO 2) CSO 3) Planning Commision 4) Finance commision
125. *f^x Q}O K@_ Z^~< =
1) = H O = 2) ^= =~\H ~x = = =
3) P^ H H=OQ x~OKH =@ 4) = x
126. D JOO ^~ *f^ =Y`# Q OK=K
1) PiH == =K ==~ " # =~ Q OKO^
2) qq^ ^ PiH u Q` iO^
3) XH^ O "~ "~ H PiH ~Qa=$kx iO^ 4) = x
113.2 114.2 115.2 116.1 117.1 118.4 119.3 120.2 121.1 122.1 123.2 124.2 125.4
126.4
z~Orq 128 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
127. 1950 #Oz 1980 =^ HO ~` *f^ =$k~ @ =~ 3.5% =`" LO^x "MxOz#k
1) ^^ <~l 2) ..= <a 3) ~ ~*H$ + 4) ~OQ~[<
128. O^ =$k~ @ J#Q
1) "^\ =_ ^ HO *f^ =$k~ @ 3.5% LO_@
2) "^\ =_ ^ HO *f^ =$k~ @ 4.5% LO_@
3) "^\ =_ ^ HO *f^ =$k~ @ 5.5% LO_@
4) "^\ =_ ^ HO *f^ =$k~ @ 6.5% LO_@
129. =#Ô W\=~ *f^ =$k~ @ J`kHO Q #"^# O=`~O
1) 200607 2) 200506 3) 200708 4) 198889
130. ~ ^~ 198889 *f^ =$k~ @
1) 10.3% 2) 9.7% 3) 12% 4) 13%
131. 198889 `~` J`kH =$k~ @ #"^# 2= O^~ " k ?
1) 200607 2) 200506 3) 200708 4) 198889
132. W\=~ =#Ô 9%, JO`HO > Z=Ò =$k #"^# O^~
1) 2 2) 3 3) 5 4) 6
133. =#Ô U O=`~O Ju Z= |}`H =$k~ @ #"Ô k
1) 197980 2) 197273 3) 196566 4) 195758
134. }oH "sQ ijeOz#_ Ju Z= =$k~ @ #"^# }oH
1) 1= 2) 8= 3) 9= 4) 10=
135. Ju ` = =$k~ @ #"^# }oH Uk ?
1) 1= 2) 2= 3) 3= 4) 9=
136. 201011 O=`~O JOK<" |_# =$k~ @
1) 5.7% 2) 8.6% 3) 7.7% 4) 9.5%
137. ~ ^~ ~` ì PÔ 200910 O=`~O JOK<" |_# "Ò
1) =~ ~II20,000 2) ~II33,000 3) ~II28,000 4) ~II50,000
138. 201011J_<_ JOK< ` ^~ ~` ì PÔ
1) ~II60,000 2) ~II54,000 3) ~II29,000 4) ~II31,000
139. 200910 ` ~ JOK< ~ ^~ ~` *fÔ
1) 29,00,000 H@ 2) 39,00,000 H@ 3) 35,00,000 H@ 4) 45,00,000 H@
140. ` ^~ 200910 O=`~xH JOK<" |_# ~` ì PÔ
1) ~II 40,000 2) ~II 46,000 3) ~II 54,000 4) ~II 39,000
141. ` O *fÔ J`kH "\#OkOK ~OQO (Group-II 2008)
1) ^q H ~OQO 2) kf ~OQO 3) `$f ~OQO 4) xH ~OQO
142. ` O *fÔ `$f~OQO #Oz = "\ =~ (Group-II 2008)
1) 50 Ò # 2) 60 Ò # 3) 70 Ò # 4) 80 Ò #
127.3 128.1 129.4 130.1 131.1 132.3 133.1 134.4 135.3 136.2 137.2 138.2 139.2
140.3 141.3 142.1
z~Orq 129 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
143. ` O *fÔ qq^ ~OQ JOkOK "\# |\ J=~} H=O
1) ^q H, kf, `$f ~OQ 2) kf, ^q H, `$f ~OQ
3) kf, `$f, ^q H ~OQ 4) `$f, kf, ^q H ~OQ
144. 195051 *fÔ J`kH "\#OkOK ^q H~O QO H <\ #O
1) ^= #O 2) kf #O 3) `$f #O 4) K =
145. L~O Q "sQ ijeOz#_ *fÔ J`kH "\# JOkOK ~OQO
1) ==O 2) =#HiOQ
3) =~H O , @, ~"}, =K~O 4) < <, c=, i Z\
146. 200910 (Q) ` ~ JOK< *fÔ ^q H~O QO "\ =~ (Group-II 2008)
1) 17% 2) 25% 3) 30% 4) 35%
147. *fÔ ^q H~O QO "\
1) 1/4= =O` 2) 1/5= =O` 3) 1/3= =O` 4) 1/2= =O`
148. *fÔ J@gO^ "\ =~
1) 5% 2) 4% 3) 6% 4) 1% HO> ` =
149. *fÔ 200607 <\H =#HiOQ "\ =~
1) 15% 2) 20% 3) 25% 4) 10%
150. 195051 GDP `~OQO "\ =~
1) 5% 2) 8% 3) 10% 4) 15%
151. #`# PiH O~} =~ GDP `~OQO "\
1) `Q ` =zOk 2) ~Q` =zOk 3) ~ O Q LOk 4) UnH^
152. <\ H *fÔ J`kH "\ D ~OQO #Oz ==Òk
1) " \ ~OQO 2) ` ~OQO 3) q= ~OQO 4) xH ~OQO
153. GDP `~OQO "\ JkH "\# JOkOKk
1) ` # 2) _~" O@ ZO@~ *
3) << _~" O@ ZO@~ * 4) UnH^
154. }oH ~O= ~# `~ "` GDP Qg}~OQO JOkOK "\
1) `Q ` =zOk 2) `Q ` #\H QO HO> Z= "\# JOkO k
3) `Q ` =K@ HH QO HO> ` = "\# JOkO k
4) ~Q` =zOk
155. Ò GDP Z= "\# JOkOK ~OQO
1) Qg}~OQO 2) @} ~OQO 3) "\e\< \ 4) xH ~OQO
156. ''HO^ Q}OH O H~O XH O U^< K@O HO^ #"^~ LO_@Qx, u O=`~O P J
\ x ` ~K O _@O Qx K O
1) J==H $ ` ~OQO 2) ==H $ ` ~OQO 3) O` "~O 4) UnH^
143.4 144.3 145.3 146.1 147.2 148.4 149.1 150.2 151.2 152.1 153.3 154.3 155.2
156.2
z~Orq 130 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
157. Ò`#O`~O NDP ==H $ ` ~OQO "\
1) ~Q` =zOk 2) ~Q` =# \H NDP QO HO> ` =Q LOk
3) ~Q` =# \H NDP QO HO> Z=Q LOk 4) `Q ` =O k
158. ~OQ "sQ ijeOz#_ *fÔ Ju ` = "\ U ==H $ ` ~OQO #Oz a O k
1) ==~OQO 2) i= ~OQO 3) "~OQO 4) 2 =i 3
159. Qg} GDP =z# x~}`H =~# J^ #O K# "~. (NCAER H KOk#"~)
1) J|O =i Q~q 2) =O^^" =i ~q
3) ~* H =i kd 4) " ~O^~
160. 200708 <\H Qg} GDP J`kH "\# JOkOK ~OQO
1) ==O 2) i= 3) = 4) xH~O QO
161. 200708 <\H Qg} GDP J` "\# JOkOK ~OQO
1) ==O 2) i= 3) = 4) xH~O QO
162. Qg} GDP x~}`H" # =~
1) Oq < ~ 2) Oq OK^
3) Oq # \H ==" ^= #O LOk
4) Oq # \H =~OQO ^= #O LOk
163. ~ O_ ~OQ #=< (Two sector Model) ~OQ
1) ^j~OQO, q^j~OQO 2) ==~OQO, iqH~O QO
3) ^~OQO, @|_~O QO 4) Q$~OQO, O ~OQO
164. ~ O_ ~OQ PiH == (Two sector Model) O|OkOz H} "k
1) xq` PiH == (closed economy) 2) ` # LO_^
3) D #=< "" xH ^~OQ LO@Ok 4) = x
165. ~ O_ ~OQ #=< Q$~OQO #Oz Lù H~H O ~OQxH =OKQ, O ~OQO #Oz
= = Q$~OQxH =OK_x
1) "= "O 2) ^= "O 3) Lù H~H, = =~\ 4) 1 =i 3
166. ~ O_ ~OQ #=< O #Oz @O H~H u =OKQ, @O #Oz O
= = =O =OK_x D qÔ Q ~
1) "= "O 2) ^= "O
3) H~H =i = = K = "O 4) 2 =i 3
167. ~ O_ ~OQ #=< @O, O `=Hz# P^#O` =O K O_ ^K u
1) O~ = PiH == 2) q` = PiH ==
3) ^, @|_ PiH == 4) 2 =i 3
157.2 158.1 159.3 160.1 161.3 162.3 163.4 164.4 165.4 166.4 167.4
z~Orq 131 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
168. ~ O_ ~OQ #=< ^ J<k (Group-II 2008)
1) P^ "x `y O k (leakage to circular flow of income)
2) P^ "x OKÒk (Injection to circular flow of income)
3) P^ "x OK# =i `yO K# 4) =O K^
169. ~ O_ ~OQ #=< @|_
1) P^ "x `y O k (leakage to circular flow of income)
2) P^ "x OKÒk (Injection to circular flow of income)
3) P^ "x OK# =i `yO K# 4) =O K^
170. ~ O_ ~OQ #=< PÔ =Ò LO_O^ x|O^# (Group-II 2008)
1) ^ > @|_ (S > I) 2) @|_ > ^ (I > S)
3) ^ @|_ (S = I) 4) ^ @|_ XH\ H =#O H"e
171. PiH == @|_ HO> ^ Z"# _ P^ "O
1) `Q # 2) ~Q# 3) =Ò LO_# 4) ZO\ =O K^
172. PiH == ^HO> @|_ Z"# _ P^ "O
1) `Q # 2) ~Q# 3) =Ò LO_# 4) ZO\ =O K^
173. =_ ~OQ #=< (Three sector model) Q
1) Q$~OQO, O ~OQO, `~OQO 2) Q$~OQO, O ~OQO, q^j~OQO
3) Q$~OQO, O ~OQO, ^~OQO 4) Q$~OQO, O ~OQO, @|_~O QO
174. =_ ~OQ PiH == (Three sector model) Q$, O # Ò # qkOK@ =#
P^ "O
1) `Q # 2) ~Q# 3) `y, ~Q# 4) =O K^
175. # P^ "xH DqÔ Q xK #
1) Leakage to circular flow of income 2) Injection to circular flow of income
3) Both leakage and Injection 4) None of the above
176. Ò #^~ =K# P^x H~H =, == # =i |kb KeO # =O
K @=# P^ "O
1) ~Q# (Injection) 2) `Q #
(leakage)
3) `Q # =i ~Q# (both leakage and injection) 4) UnH^
177. |kb KeO QO
1) ~} ~ O 2) *f ~}O =_ 3) 1 =i 2 4) 1H^, 2H^
178. |kb KeO O|OkOz#k
1) Ò #Oz Q$, O PÔ =OK#
2) Q$, O #Oz `xH ZO\ "= "O LO_^
3) Wq UHH KeO 4) = h
168.1 169.2 170.3 171.1 172.2 173.1 174.1 175.1 176.1 177.3 178.4
z~Orq 132 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
179. =_~OQ PiH= = i #^k
1) ` # P^ "x `yO K#
2) `=O, |kb KeO P^ "x OK#
3) `xH =z# # PÔ, "Ò =O K |_` P^ "O =Ò LO_#
4) = x i #"
180. HOk"x i #k
1) q^j "~O K x PiH ==# closed economy JO^~
2) q^j "~O HeyL# PiH ==# open economy JO^~
3) open economy Q$, O , `, q^j~OQO\~ 4) = x i #"
181. Open economy H =~H~
1) ~ O_~OQ PiH= = 2) =_~OQ PiH= =
3) <Q~OQ PiH= = 4) 1 =i 2
182. <Q~OQ PiH == ZQ=u, kQ=` DqÔ Q xK #
1) leakage and injection 2) injection and leakage
3) only leakage 4) only injection
183. <Q~OQ #=< P^ =`xH LO_=# x|O^#
1) ^ @|_ 2) # ` =O, |kb KeO
3) kQ=` ZQ=` 4) =_
184. =#"a=$k zx ~OkOKk (HDI)
1) UNO 2) UNDP 3) WHO 4) WTO
185. U O=`~O #O_ HDI x ~Ok< ~
1) 1979 2) 1989 3) 1990 4) 1999
186. HDI ~H # H$+K # "~
1) J=~ < 2) =|LH
3) " <^ ^ =i Q" ~} 4) "~O^~
187. =#"a=$k z (HDI) ~teQ gix ~
1) =|LH 2) J=~ < 3) " <^ ^ 4) Q" ~}
188. HDI Q}# f< JO
1) O H JO 2) PiHO 3) O H, PiHO 4) UgH=
189. HDI Q}# fHx JOO
1) q^ O|O^ JOO 2) P~Q O|O^ JOO
3) P^ O|O^ JOO 4) =` O|O^ JOO
190. HDI Q}# x JOO (Group-II 2008)
1) P~ O 2) t =~}~ @ 3) JH~ ` 4) ì PÔ
179.4 180.4 181.3 182.2 183.4 184.2 185.3 186.4 187.1 188.3 189.4 190.2
z~Orq 133 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
191. UNDP "~ ~OkOz# HDI H O|OkOz iHx^k
1) \# \#Oz P~ x Q} ~
2) =[# JH~ ` 2/3= =O` ^#` W=|_Ok
3) q^~OQO L=_ #"^ ~ @ 1/3= =O` ^#` W~
4) ì P^x qx= ~ @ Q J"iH _~ Q} ~
192. UNDP "~ ~OkOK HDI ì P^x DqÔ Q fO\~ (Group-II 2008)
1) ì GDP 2) ì GNP
3) qx= ~ @H~O J"iH _~ ì GDP
4) H#Q H = #` (PPP) Q J"iH _~ ì GDP
193. HDI Q}# XHH JOxH JO p UqÔ Q Q} ~
1) "= q= Hx+q = 2) "= q= { Hx+q =
Qi+q = Hx+q = Qi+q = Hx+q =
3) "= q= { Hx+q = 2) "= q= Hx+q =
Qi+q = { Hx+q = Qi+q = { Hx+q =
194. UNDP "~ ~OkOK HDI P~ z Hx+, Qi+ q=
1) 25 OII, 85 OII 2) 85 OII, 25 OII
3) 28 OII, 77 OII 4) 77 OII, 28 OII
195. UNDP "~ ~OkOK HDI ì GDP (US$ PPP) Hx+ Qi+ q=
1) 100 40,000 2) 40,000 100 3) 200 30,000 4) 30,000 200
196. UNDP "~ ~OkOK HDI q= Z_ DqÔ Q LO@Ok
1) 01 =^ LO@Ok 2) 0100 =^ LO@Ok
3) 00.5 =^ LO@Ok 4) 01000 =^ LO@Ok
197. HDI q= H~O O K^ =sH~ }
i #k
1) 0.000 0.499 =^ q= He# q J =#"a=$k ^
2) 0.500 0.799 =^ q= He# q =^~ =#"a=$k ^
3) 0.800 1.00 =^ q= He# q JkH =#"a=$k ^
4) Jx i #"
198. 2007 Q}OH P^~OQ ~OkOz# 2009 HDR O|OkOz iHxk
1) J`kH, JkH, =^~, J =#"a=$k ^x =sHi OK_" O k
2) 2009 HDR 182 ^# fH=_" O k
3) 0.900 1.00 =^ q= He# ^# J`kH =#"a=$k^ O^~
4) nx WO_ 132= ~OH# Ok#k
199. 2008 HDR 179 ^ fO> WO_ ~OH
1) 126 2) 128 3) 132 4) 134
191.4 192.4 193.1 194.1 195.1 196.1 197.4 198.4 199.3
z~Orq 134 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
200. 2009 HDR 182 ^ fO> WO_ #O.
1) 132 2) 134 3) 128 4) 126
201. 2010 HDR z=i#O Ok# Ô
1) ~e< 2) lO 3) =e 4) Px <
202. 2010 HDR WO_ #O
1) 132 2) 119 3) 128 4) 126
203. 2010 HDR "^\, z=i < ^ q=
1) 0.968, 0.366 2) 0.938, 0.140 3) 0.968, 0.340 4) 0.971, 0.366
204. 2010 HDR ~`^ HDI q=
1) 0.609 2) 0.519 3) 0.619 4) 0.610
205. 2010 HDR "^\ 12 ^ #O OkOz# P Ô
1) K< 2) [< 3) ^H} Hi 4) OQ ~
206. 1990 #Oz <\ = ~ HDI Z=~ "^\ <x Ok#Ô
1) <~ 2) SO_ 3) H #_ 4) 1 =i 3
207. ~`^ O HO> =#"a=$k ~OH =O^# ^
1) K< 2) =b= 3) NOH 4) = x
208. ~`^ O HO> =#"a=$k ~OH "#HO[ L# ^
1) < 2) q<~ 3) H< 4) = x
209. 2010 HDR J`kH, JkH, =^~, J =#"a=$k ^ =~Q
1) 42, 43,42, 42 2) 45, 38, 75, 24 3) 45, 38, 24, 75 4) 38, 45, 24, 75
210. BRICS (l, ~, WO_ , K< , ^H} H ) ^ =#"a=$k =O^# Ô
1) l 2) ~ 3) WO_ 4) K<
211. ~`^ xH ~Q## HOk ^ =#"a=$k =O^# Ô
1) =b= 2) NOH 3) \< 4) =#~
212. 2010 '=#"a=$k x"kH HDI ~O ~`^ xH =O^ (118), `~` (120) Q ^
1) =< n=, " 2) \<, "
3) H =~ , `= ~ 4) ", \<
213. 1980 #O_ 2010 =^ ~` HDI q= ZO` iyOk.
1) 0.4200.519 2) 0.3200.519 3) 0.4200.612 4) 0.3100.516
214. '=#"a=$kH O|OkOz HOk "H i # "HO
1) ^~}OQ JkH PiH= $k Q ^ JkH =#"a=$k LO@Ok
2) Hx^ JkH PiH= $k L#\H '=#"a=$k ` =Q LO_=K
3) 1 =i 2 i #" 4) 1 =i 2 i #q H=
200.2 201.2 202.2 203.2 204.2 205.2 206.4 207.4 208.4 209.1 210.2 211.2 212.3
213.2 214.3
z~Orq 135 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
215. *f =#"a=$k x"kH# =#Ô ~OkOz#k
1) q` O O 2) }oH O O 3) CESS 4) NCAER
216. }oH O O ~OkOz# *f =#"a=$k x"kH "^\ #O Ok# ~+O
1) O* 2) `q<_ 3) =~+ 4) H ~
217. }oHO O ~OkOz# *f =#"a=$k x"kH 15 ~ z=i <x Ok# ~+O
1) c~ 2) JO 3) L`~ ^ 4) =^ ^
218. *f =#"a=$k x"kH HDI Q}# f# JO
a) \#
\#Oz P~ O b) O=`~O #Oz P~ O =i t=~}~ @
c) x` q^ ^#`x 7 OII # #"i JH~ ` d) "= ì qxQ =O
1) a, c, d 2) b, c, d 3) a, b, d 4) a, b, c
219. 2001 ''*f=#"a=$k x"kH 2001 OIIxH ~`= #"a=$k p q=
1) 0.302 2) 0.381 3) 0.472 4) 0.416
220. 2001 ''*f =#"a=$k x"kH PO^ ^
#O =i p q=
1) 9 (0.424) 2) 10 (0.416) 3) 9 (0.377) 4) 10 (0.298)
221. 2001 ''*f =#"a=$k x"kH H~O PO^ ^ =#"a=$k p q= (Group-II 2008)
1) ~`^ O HO> Z= 2) ~`^ O HO> ` =
3) ~`^ O ` =#O 4) ~`= #"a=$k p QO
222. 1981, 1991, 2001 ''*f =#"a=$k x"kH HDI A.P ~O =~Q
1) 8, 9, 10 2) 9, 9, 10 3) 10, 10, 10 4) 12, 11, 10
223. *f =#"a=$k x"kHx JO O|OkOz iHxk
1) PiHO Q "~Q_# ~ =#"a=$k _ "~Q LOk
2) =^ P^ ~ PiH= $kH, =#"a=$kH J#= O|OÔ +O Q H#_ ^
3) ~=^ P^ J=#` HO> HDI J=#` ` =Q L<~
4) 2001, HDI q= 0.638 #Oz 0.467 =^ LOk
224. qq^ ~ =#"a=$k px Q}O z#"~
1) UNFPA 2) =|LH 3) al` Q 4) =Q~
225. =#Ô qq^ ~ UNFPA "~ Q}O z# HDI "^\ , z=i < Ok# ~
1) H ~, c~ 2) H ~, =^ ^ 3) H ~, L`~ ^ 4) H ~, Xi
226. =#Ô qq^ ~ =|LH Q}O z# HDI H O|OkOz iHxk
1) Human Development in South Asia 1997 J< QOÔ K iOK#
2) =|LH Q}# "^\ #O Ok# ~+O H ~
3) H Q}# z=i#O Ok# ~+O =^ ^ 4) H '25 ~ HDI x Q}O K#
227. al` Q HDI Q}# UNDP "~ f# =_ JO`@ J^#OQ Ki# JOO
1) r=# <}` 2) îHO 3) @} H ~ } 4) = h
215.2 216.4 217.1 218.2 219.3 220.2 221.2 222.2 223.4 224.4 225.1 226.4 227.4
z~Orq 136 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
228. al` Q ~OkOz# HDI #, ^xx JO# [`K O_.
A) HDI1 1) JH~
`, P~ O, ì PÔ
B) HDI2 2) JH~
`, t =~}~ @, P~ O
C) HDI3 3) JH~
`, P~ O, ì PÔ, r=#<}`
D) HDI4 4) JH~
`, P~ O, ì PÔ, r=# <}`, îH x~#
5) HDI3 + @} H ~ }

1) A B C D 2) A B C D 3) A B C D 4) A B C D
1 2 3 4 1 4 3 5 1 3 4 5 1 3 2 5
229. "A study of Inter State Disparity" QO^x ~zOz#k
1) UNFPA 2) =|LH 3) al` Q 4) r<, _*
230. Q ~OkOz# HDI1, HDI2 "^\ , z=i < Ok# ~
1) H ~, c~ 2) H ~, L`~ ^ 3) H ~, =^ ^ 4) H ~, Xi
231. Q ~OkOz# HDI3, HDI4 "^\ , z=i < Ok# ~
1) H ~, c~ 2) H ~, L`~ ^ 3) H ~, =^ ^ 4) H ~, Xi
232. Q ~OkOz# HDI1, HDI2 PO^ ^ ~O
1) 9, 9 2) 9, 10 3) 8, 9 4) 7, 6
233. Q ~OkOz# HDI3, HDI4 PO^ ^ ~O
1) 7, 8 2) 8, 9 3) 7, 6 4) 9, 10
234. PO^ ^ '=#"a=$k px ` ~K ^`# f#k
1) CESS 2) DES 3) DRDC 4) NCAER
235. A.P =#"a=$k x"kH, 2001 O=`~xH "^\ ~ O_ < Ok# l
1) ^~^, H$ 2) H$, ^~^ 3) ^~^, qY@O 4) qY@O, ^~^
236. PO^ ^ =#"a=$k x"kH 2001 O=`~xH O|OkOz 23, 22 ~O Ok# l =~Q
1) q[#Q~O , =|#Q~ 2) =|#Q~, q[#Q~O
3) NHO, =|#Q~ 4) =|#Q~, NHO
237. 200405 <\H ~+O Hi Ò
1) 14.8% 2) 6.6% 3) 7.3% 4) 5.6%
238. t=~} ~ @ 2005 <\H PO^ ^ u
1) ~+O t =~}~ @ 57Q #"^~Ok 2) *f~ HO> ` =Q LOk
3) H ~` e K Z=Q LOk 4) = x i #"
239. PO^ ^ =#"a=$k x"kHx JO iHxk
1) îH x~#, Hi, |_ =x"# "iH O`# ^
2) ì PÔ =OÔ[ L# qY@O q^, P~Q ~OQ "#H|_ LOk
3) ~+O îHx, [< ~Q^# JiH@_ O Q}h"# Qu x kOzOk
4) Z= JH~ ` L# ~ PO^ ^ XH\
228.3 229.3 230.2 231.4 232.1 233.3 234.1 235.1 236.2 237.2 238.4 239.4
z~Orq 137 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
240. *f^x H O^ Q}OH O Q}O KQ, =# ~+O ~+ P^x Q}O Kk(Group-II
2008)
1) state planning board 2) CESS (centre for economic and social studies)
3) DES (Directorate of Economics and Statastics) 4) Principal Finance Secretary
241. XH ~+ QoH i^ O=`~ HO Lù K |_# = = q=# DqÔ Q ~
1) GSDP 2) NSDP 3) ì PÔ 4) =+ PÔ
242. GSDP H NSDP H `_
1) `~ Q^ 2) ~ = ^# qxQO 3) 1 =i 2 4) xH~ ~H #
243. Gross value added x DqÔ Q O^=K
1) Gross value of output - Value of secondary inputs
2) Gross value of output - Depreciation
3) Gross value of output - Net IT
4) Gross value of output - Consumption of Fixed capital
244. Gross value added =~H~
1) GSDP 2) NSDP 3) ~+ ì PÔ 4) UnH^
245. Net value added # OÔ^
1) GSDP - `~ Q^ 2) Gross value added - `~ Q^
3) Gross value added - consumption of fixed capital 4) =
x
246. Net value added (NVA) =~H~
1) GSDP 2) NSDP 3) ~+ ì PÔ 4) UnH^
247. ~+ ì PÔ nxx `#
1) Lù H~H ^$ NSDP 2) Lù H~H ^$ NVA
~+ [< ~+ [<
3) ~+ PÔ 4) = x
~+ [<
248. ~+O GSDP x H OKO^ L yOK û (Group-II 2008)
1) Lù =kO û 2) P^ =kO û 3) = =kO û 4) = x
249. ^q H~O QO#, i[~ =#HiOQ ~OQO# ~+O GSDP x Q}O KO^ J=OaOK û
1) Lù =kO û 2) P^ =kO û 3) = =kO û 4) = x
250. x~}~OQO GSDP x Q}O KO^ ~+O J=OaOK û
1) Lù =kO û 2) P^ =kO û
3) = =kO û 4) = x
251. `$f ~OQO, J< il+~ =#HiOQ ~OQO, q^`, Q, h\ ~ ~ ~OQ GSDP x Q}O KO^
J=OaOK û
1) Lù =kO û 2) P^ =kO û
3) = =kO û 4) = x
240.3 241.1 242.3 243.1 244.1 245.4 246.2 247.4 248.4 249.1 250.3 251.2
z~Orq 138 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
252. 2008-09 (Updated advance) GSDP `$f~OQO JOkOK "\
1) =~ 50% 2) =~ 25% 3) =~ 30% 4) =~ 60%
253. ~+ PiH ==# ^q H, kf, `$f ~OQQ ql Oz#_, ~+ P^xH Jq JOkOK
"\#|\ =~Q (J=~}H=O)
1) `$f~OQO, kf~OQO, ^q H~O QO 2) `$f~OQO, ^q H~O QO, kf~OQO
3) ^q H, kf, `$f ~OQ 4) kf, ^q H, `$f ~OQ
254. ~+ PiH ==# ==, iqH, "~OQQ ql Oz#_ 2008-09 (updated advance)
~+ P^xH Jq JOkOK "\# |\ =~Q (J=~}H=O)
1) =, i=, ==O 2) =, ==O, i=
3) ==O, i=, = 4) i=, ==O, =
255. *f^x, ~^x ie#_ HOk"x Uk x[O
1) *f, ~+ ~ ~ O_O\# `$f~OQO ^= #O LOk
2) *f~ ^q H~O QO z=i #O LO_Q, ~+ ~ kf~OQO z=i#O LOk
3) 2008-09 advanced JOK< *f~#, ~+ ~# ==~OQ" z=i#O LOk
4) Jx i #"
256. ^q H~O QO JkH "\# JOkOK L~O QO
1) ==O 2) J@gO^ 3) =` O^ 4) Q# `=HO
257. kf~OQO JkH "\# JOkOK L~O QO
1) x~}O 2) q^`, Q, h\~ ~ 3) =#HiOQ 4) Q# `=HO
258. ~+ PÔ ^q H ~OQxH O|OkOz HOk "x iHxk
1) ==O "\ `Q K =O k 2) O^" \ D=^ HO HkQ ~QK#k
3) Q# `=HO "\ `Q K #k 4) J@gO^ 1% HO> ` =Q LOk
259. #`# PiH O~} `~` 2000 =~ ~+O GSDP =$k~ @ `y< ì P^ =$k~ @ ~Q@
H~}O
1) [< ~Q^ 2) [< ~Q^~ @ `Q @
3) [< `Q ^ 4) [< ~Q^~ @ Z=Q LO_@
260. 201011(A) PiH O=`~O ~+ =$k~ @H O|OkOz HOk"x i #k
1) A.P =$k~ @ 8.89% Q JOK< " |_Ok 2) *f =$k~ @HO> ~+ =$k~ @ Z=Q LOk
3) 1 =i 2 i #" 4) 1 =i 2 iH^
261. Q` Hx O=`~Q ~+ PiH == J`kH =$k~ @ #"^K O@# L~O QO
1) =#HiOQ 2) "x OQ HiOQ
3) =K~~O QO 4) =~H O , @, ~ ~ O@
262. ` ^~ 2010-11(A) PO^ ^ H ì PÔ (=~Q)
1) ~II 60,000 2) ~II 39,000 3) ~II 50,000 4) ~II 54,000
252.1 253.2 254.1 255.4 256.1 257.3 258.3 259.2 260.3 261.3 262.1
z~Orq 139 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
263. ~ ^~ 2010-11(A) PO^ ^ H ì PÔ (=~Q)
1) ~II 39,000 2) ~II 36,000 3) ~II 40,000 4) ~II 50,000
264. ~+ ì P^xH O|OkOz iHxk
1) ~` ì PÔHO> ~+ ì PÔ Z=
2) 2010-11 (A) ~+ ì P^ =$k~ @ ~ ^~ =~ 7.9%
3) 2010-11 (A) ~+ ì P^ =$k~ @ ` ^~ =~ 18%
4) ~` ì PÔHO> ~+ ì PÔ ` =
265. O=`~H XHl QoH i^ Lù K |_ = = PiH q=# DqÔ Q ~
1) NSDP 2) GDDP 3) ì GDDP 4) ì NSDP
266. ~ ^~ 200809, 200910 OII J`kH GDDP Q l
1) ^~^ 2) qY@O 3) QO@~ 4) `~Q^=i
267. ~ ^~ J` GDDP Q l
1) NHO 2) q[#Q~O 3) =|#Q~ 4) Jk^
268. 200910 (Q) ~ ^~ J`kH ì GDDP Q l
1) qY@O 2) `~Q^=i 3) ^~^ 4) H$
269. Ju ` = ì GDDP Q l (~ ^~ )
1) NHO 2) q[#Q~O 3) =|#Q~ 4) Jk^
270. 200910 (Q) O=`~O J`kH ~Ô (NSDP) Q ~+O
1) L`~ ^ 2) PO^ ^ 3) t=OQ 4) =~+
271. 200910 (Q) J`kH ì PÔ Q OÒ
1) Q" 2) KO_ ~ 3) _b 4) ~<
272. 200708 J`kH ì PÔ Q ~+O
1) Q" 2) ~< 3) O* 4) PO^ ^
273. 200910 (Q) O=`~xH ^~ J`kH ì PÔ Q ~+O
1) Q" 2) ~< 3) O* 4) PO^ ^
274. 200910 (Q) O=`~xH Ju ` = ì PÔ Q ~+O
1) Xi 2) c~ 3) PO^ ^ 4) H ~
275. 200809 (P) OII ~+ GSDP ~ =^# H# ZO`ÒQ LOk
1) 29% 2) 35% 3) 21% 4) 39%
276. ~` PiH == = ~+ PiH == _ W\#Oz JkH =$k~ @ #"^K H=_O ~OaOzOk
1) 1960 #Oz 2) 1980 #Oz 3) 1990 #Oz 4) 2000 #Oz
277. ~+O 1980 =~ #"^~# "iH =$k~ @ =~
1) 2% 2) 3% 3) 5% 4) 6%
263.1 264.4 265.2 266.1 267.1 268.3 269.1 270.4 271.2 272.1 273.2 274.2 275.1
276.2 277.2
z~Orq 140 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
278. ~+O 9= }oH GSDP =$k~ @
1) 5.59% 2) 8.33% 3) 9.59% 4) 10.33%
279. H P^ iH# (Relative Income Hyothesis) ukOz#k.
1) H< 2) _< s 3) Q` 4) Z=~H^
280. ~+O 10= }oH GSDP=$k~ @
1) 5.59% 2) 8.33% 3) 9.59% 4) 10.33%
281. 2010-11 (A) H ~ ^~ ~+ GSDP (=~Q)
1) ~II 3,00,000 H@ 2) ~II 2,16,000 H@
3) ~II 2,39,000 H@ 4) ~II 3,71,000 H@
282. 2010-11 (A) OIIxH ~ ^~ ==, iqH, "~OQ =$k~ @ =~Q
1) 14.85, 11.11, 8.37 2) 2.73, 17.66, 12.29 3) 8.39, 7.79, 9.6 4) 8.84, 13.22, 9.53
283. ~+O ~+ Lùx ^~}OQ DqÔ Q JOK< "~
1) Income originating approach 2) Income Accruing Approach
3) Both 1 and 2 4) None of the above
284. r=# =}x nx O` JOK<"~
1) ~+ PÔ 2) ~Ô 3) ì PÔ 4) =+ PÔ
285. ` O ~+O ~+ P^x Q}O KO^ P^~ O=`~OQ nxx fO@<~(Group-II 2008)
1) 199394 2) 19992000 3) 200809 4) 200405
286. ~+ Lùx Q}O K@=# HeQ [#O
1) ~+ PiH == =K x~}`H =~# J=Q# K H=K
2) ~+ }oH P^~O
3) ~+O Q Of J=#` J=Q# K H=K 4) = x
287. 2001 [< H <\H ~+O ==O P^~_ xK "i Ò
1) 69% 2) 68% 3) 62% 4) 39%
288. 2001 H H~O ==O P^~_ " i == q Ò
1) 39.60% 2) 40.87% 3) 36.59% 4) 28.59%
289. 2001 H H~O "Ò ==O P^~_ "i ==^~ Ò
1) 22.70% 2) 39.60% 3) 62.30% 4) 1.74%
290. ~+O ==O P^~_ " i ^~} O|OkOz HOk"x i #^k
1) ==^~ Ò `Q ` =O k 2) == q Ò ~Q` =O k
3) ==O P^_ xK"i Ò `Q ` =O k 4) = x i #"
291. ^~}OQ *f^=#Q
1) =~\ ^~ *fù 2) =~\ ^~ xH~ *fù
3) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fù 4) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù
278.1 279.2 280.2 281.4 282.3 283.1 284.3 285.4 286.4 287.3 288.1 289.1 290.4
291.4
z~Orq 141 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
292. ^jù, xH~ ^jùH `_
1) |kb KeO 2) `~ Q^ 3) ~H # 4) a_
293. *fù, ^jù D O^~ O =#=Q#
1) ZQ=` =# = PÔ, kQ=`H =O HO> Z= L#_
2) ZQ=` =# = PÔ, kQ=`H =O HO> ` = L#_
3) q^#Oz =K H~HÔ, q^ KeO K H~HÔ =#"# _
4) ^ n H^
294. U^< xs` HO L`^H =#~ [=# OkOK P^x Q} =Kk
1) =+ PÔ 2) =~ PÔ 3) *fÔ 4) ì PÔ
295. Ô H =~\ ^~ xH~ *fùx Q}O K@_ HOk"x XH\ QO H^
1) # KeO KH ~O "`# O, r` 2) L^Q KeO K #
3) ~H # 4) `~ Q^
296. HOk"xx [`~ K O _
A) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ 1) = "Ò = =
B) =~\ ^~ 2) XH^ O "Ò = = Lù
C) GDP 3) O=`~ HO K "Ò =O
D) GNP 4) Lù H~H u ~O KeO K =O
E) "Ò ^j =O 5) =, = ^~ ~O "= OQ KeO z# =O
1) A B C D E 2) A B C D E 3) A B C D E 4) A B C D E
4 5 2 1 3 5 4 2 1 3 4 5 1 2 3 5 4 1 2 3
297. HOk"xx [`~ K O _
A) C + I + G + (X - M) 1) NDP
B) GDP `~ Q^ 2) NDPFC
C) NDPMP ~H # { a_ 3) =~ PÔ
D) =+ PÔ ` H # 4) GDP
1) A B C D 2) A B C D 3) A B C D 4) A B C D
4 2 1 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 3 2 4 2 1 3
298. qq^ ^=^ *f^ Q}OH ^~ [ r=# =}x i^KO> HOk "x ^xx
fH"e
(a) ^ =^ qx= ~ @ (b) ^~
~ =~
(c) [< "Ò x `_ (d) *f^ O}
1) a =i b 2) a, b =i c 3) b, c =i d 4) a, b, c =i d
299. *fÔ nxH =#O
1) GNP a_ # 2) NNP ~H # { a_
3) NNP ` H # { a_ 4) GNP a_ { #
292.2 293.3 294.3 295.4 296.1 297.2 298.4 299.2
z~Orq 142 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
300. HOk"x GNP x ` HO Q OKk
1) =~\ ^~ ~Q^ 2) @|_ ~Q^
3) qQ |_\ 4) @ |_\
301. *f^x Q}O K@_ |kb KeO # DqÔ Q QiOK=K
1) ^= ==~ H ` 2) qxQ^~x PÔ iy`
3) Lù H == Qx, =Qx Lù HH` 4) # q#~O H `
302. *f^x Q}O KO^ Q =_ ^`
1) Lù, =O, P^ ^` 2) PÔ, qxQO, q^jKeO +O ^`
3) ^, @|_, P^ ^` 4) =O, `~ Q^, Lù ^`
303. XH Ô H "Ò =O XH O=`~HO ~II80,000 qe#. =i == =i =
~H # ~II8,000 qe#, =^# qxQO ~II6,000 qe# J~# *f =O
Lù H~H Ys^ ^$
1) ~II 88,000 qe# 2) ~II 82,000 qe#
3) ~II 74,000 qe# 4) ~II 72,000 qe#
304. Wz# =K~O H~O xH~ *fù nxH =#O
1) 74.000 qe# 2) 66.000 qe# 3) 60.000 qe# 4) 14.000 qe#
305. HOk gH~} O x =i y |^ ^xx uH O Ke.
=~\ ^~ *fù Lù H~H ^$ *fù - x + y
1) ~H #, # 2) ~H #, a_
3) a_, ~H # 4) #, a_
306. HOk JO O Lù H~H ^$ NDP H#HO_
GNPFC = 71,047 H@ ~H # a_ 8,344 H@
`~ Q^ 4,486 H@ q^j xH~ H~HÔ (232 H@)
1) 86,137 H@ 2) 74,905 H@ 3) 71,047 H@ 4) 66,793 H@
307. HOk"x x~K#O ^$ *f^xH =#O Hxk
1) *fù 2) *f =O 3) *fÔ 4) *fO^
308. kQ=# *f^xH O|OkOz <Q "He=_O [iyOk. "x i #q Uq ?
(a) NNP - `~ Q^ = GNP (b) NNPMP + a_ = NNPFC + ~H #
(c) GNP = GDP + NFIA (d) GNP - `~ Q^ = NNP
1) a =i b 2) a, b =i d 3) b, c =i d 4) = h
309. ~ O_~ H O = L^~}
1) |, ~ _= ~ "`< 2) u Lù =i H@< = Lù
3) q^` =i h\ Lù 4) # ~|_, ~ "# JkH~ r`
300.2 301.3 302.1 303.4 304.2 305.3 306.4 307.4 308.3 309.2
z~Orq 143 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
310. HOk"x |kb KeO Uk ?
1) Q$}H K KeO 2) WK pocket money
3) =$^ # è^ O _HK x~} ` O 4) = h
311. GNP Q` O=`~O HO> 16% iy ^"}O 9% iy` ^ Lù ~Q^ Ò ZO`
1) 4% 2) 5% 3) 6% 4) 7%
312. HOk"x =^ O`~ Lù Uk ?
1) HOhK ` ~K |_ J=Q XH ^H}O LOK|_# water heter
2) HOhK ` ~K |_ qxQ^~ J=|_# water heter
3) XH HOhK ` ~K |_, Lù H L yOKO^ =~H HOhH J=|_# water heter
4) XH HOhK ` ~K |_, P HOhK L yOK|_ water heter
313. HOk"x a_ J#Q
1) = = H#QH Ò K KeO 2) Lù H~H O K KeO
3) "\^~ HOh K KeO
4) ZO\ = = H#Q K O_ "~ O Ò K KeO
314. GNP H, GDP H `_
1) ^j @|_ 2) xH~ ZQ=` 3) xH~ q^j @|_ 4) xH~ q^jH~HÔ
315. Lù H~H ^$ xH~ ^jù =~\ ^~ ^$ xH~ ^jù
1) { a_ ~H # 2) a_ { ~H #
3) a_ 4) { ~H #
316. HOk"x *fÔ nxK qÒ H^
1) H O_ O_ H~ A, B H J=@ 2) H~ _~ #`# H~# J=@
3) H~ HOh #`# H~ J=@ 4) #`# H~# J^, H#Q J=@
317. =~ PÔ Wq He LO_=
1) "~ |kb KeO 2) H~~\ _q_O_
3) ` |kb KeO 4) =HQ ` P^#
318. xH~ q^j @|_ J#Q
1) XH^ O "Ò q^j @|_ 2) XH xi+ O=`~O q^ K @|_
3) q^ xH x" K @|_
4) XH^ O q^ K @|_ q^ ^ K @|_
319. ~
O_ ~OQ #=< (Two sector model) P^ KH "O
1) @O O KeO KQ, uiy O @O KeO K#
2) O #Oz O KeO
3) @O#Oz @O KeO
4) @O #Oz O KeO
310.4 311.4 312.3 313.4 314.4 315.1 316.1 317.4 318.4 319.1
z~Orq 144 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
320. *f^x Q}O K@_ HOk"x ^xx H H fO\~
(a) *fO K# i= L^Q r` (b) i>~ ~ # q ~ O@ O K#
(c) \ Ok# |=` (prizes own in competitions)
(d) Pe K# @|_ =_
1) a =i c 2) a =i d 3) b, c =i d 4) = x
321. *f^ Q}# HOk"x |kb KeO Hxk
1) ` O_ ~f =K =_ 2) H~ = HO KeO K O
3) x~^Q x\ 4) OH~ [_ rÒ
322. *f^ Q}# He LO_k
(a) "< WK Hg+< (b) ~ ` HK a_
(c) OH ^`H K KeO (d) ~> " e>H H H ~~ WK KeO
1) a, b =i d 2) a =i d 3) a =i c 4) a, b, c =i d
323. ' The General Theory of Employment, Interest and money ' 1936 QO^ ~K~ `
1) *.Z". H< 2) ~Q~ #~ 3) *. Z. q 4) *.a.
324. *f^ JOK< nxH L Q_ #
1) QoH O} `<O^ 2) =oH i= =$k `<O^
3) HO`HOQ PiH OH = O =K =~ JOK< "O^
4) iqH ~OQO Qu x `<O^
325. " \ ^j @|_x =^# qxQ J"# JkQq ^x J~O
1) PiH= = kQ=` HO> ZQ=` Z=Q K # @ 2) PiH= = qi # @
3) xH~ @|_ |}`H" # @ 4) ^= GNP ~Q`#\H, "= GNP `QK#@
326. HOk"x @|_ =O QO Hxk
1) ` W H#Q 2) =xHQ ZH" O\ Lù^~x =O
3) "~ O W<O@s ~Q^ 4) HOh ^ # O\ q~ }
327. PiH H~H *fÔ ^$ =Y ` +OK^k
1) #~ 2) "= @|_ 3) }oH ^ 4) Lù H~H Q=#j`
328. HOk"x |kbKeO
1) ".. rÒ 2) +~ ~ HOh WK _q_O_
3) Q$ =` #O_ =K @HO 4) x~^Q $ u
329. *f |}O =_ (Interest on National Debt.) nx QO
1) GNP 2) NNP 3) *fÔ 4) =+ PÔ
330. ~ O_~ H O (Double counting) =# HeQ =O
1) *fù JkHO Q JOK<" |_# (over estimating)
2) *fù JOQ JOK<" |_# (under estimating)
3) *f^xH O|OkOz ` _ e ` =K# 4) UnH^
320.2 321.4 322.2 323.1 324.3 325.3 326.1 327.2 328.4 329.4 330.1
z~Orq 145 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
331. *f^ =# O|OkOz HOk"x ` = q=# zOKk
1) GNP 2) *fÔ 3) =+ PÔ 4) =~ PÔ
332. `~ Q^ J#Q
1) Jy=Ô O\ #tOz=@
2) HH" } J~Q, `~ Q^ = ZH" O\ HeQ #+O
3) =_ ~ H =_O = O\ ="` 4) H=\ = O\# =" @
333. HOk"x GNP x JOK<" ^` XH\ Hxk
1) value added approach 2) product approach
3) income approach 4) the financial approach
334. `~ Q^ J<k nx q= `Q @
1) =^# P 2) x 3) =^ O`~ == 4) JOu= ==
335. _@~ >HH (Defletor Technique) nxx ~ @ KO^ L y~ .
1) ^~ ~Q^ 2) ^~ `Q ^
3) ^~ ~Q^ =i `Q ^ ~ O_# 4) UnH^
336. GNP Q}O K@_ HOk "x ^xx q#~~
1) @HO ^~ =z# PÔ 2) =_^ ~ =z# PÔ
3) _q_O_ 4) ` |kb KeO
337. O A, ~II1000 q"# ux LùK BH qH~Oz#k. B J< O ~II1500 q"# '~#
LùK C H qH~Oz#k, C J< O ~II2500 q"# =x Lù K# k. D H u^
"__
1) A - 1000, B - 1500, C - 2500, "Ò ~II5000
2) A - 1000, B - 500, C - 2500, "Ò ~II4000
3) A - 1000, B - 500, C - 1000, "Ò ~II2500
4) A - 1000, B - 1500, C - 1000, "Ò ~II3500
338. <Q ~OQ #=< (Four sector model) =`xH x==
1) S + T + M = I + G + X 2) S + T = I + G 3) S = I 4) T = G
339. ^ J#Q
1) ` P^xH, qxQxH JHO\OQ =Ò 2) qq^ Lù H~H ^ "Ò
3) "# PÔ HO> =O Z=Q LO_@
4) J#Hx = f~H<O^ HO` P^ H # @@
340. qq^ ^ Q "__ # He` P "Ò nxH =#O.
1) JOu= == Lù q= =#O.
2) JOu= Lù q= HO> ` =Q LO_#.
3) JOu= Lù q= HO> Z=Q LO_#.
4) JOu= Lù q= i # ux^ O =OK^ .
331.4 332.2 333.4 334.1 335.3 336.4 337.3 338.1 339.1 340.1
z~Orq 146 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
341. XH ^ GNP ~ 600 H@, NNP ~ 475 H@, J~` `~ Q^.
1) ~ 100 H@ 2) ~ 175 H@ 3) ~ 150 H@ 4) ~ 125 H@
342. HOk "x iHx^k.
1) GNP - `~ Q^ NNP 2) GNP GDP+ NFlA
3) NNP + a_ - ~H # NNP
MP FC
4) NNP - `~ Q^ GNP
343. GNP H, NNP H =^ `_# nx ^~ K =K.
1) |kbKeO 2) =^# qxQO 3) "__ 4) x~Q^
344. q# L`^H, J#`^H qQ ql Oz#k.
1) _q_ iH~ 2) J.S. q 3) P_O` 4) H~= ~
345. =~ PÔ { ` H #
1)NNP FC
2)NDP MP
3) " \ PÔ 4) =+ PÔ
346. =~\ ^~ NNP, Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ NNP U O^~ O =# =Q#
1) ` H # #C_ 2) ~H # #C_
3) a_ #C_ 4) ~H #, a_ #C_
347. *f^ JHO\ O|OkOz HOk "x i #k
1) = = <}` =K =~# ``~.2) qOu q=# ``~.
3) =lH = (social costs) # Q} ~. 4) UnH^.
348. HOk q=# [`~ K O _.
~H # - a_ ~II 8344 H@.
~ = ^# qxQO ~II 4486 H@.
q^jxH~ H~HÔ (~II-232) H@.
=~\ ^~ GNP ~II79,391 H@
a) GNP FC
1) 66,793 H@
b) NNP MP
2) 75,137 H@
c) NDP MP
3) 71, 047 H@
d) NDP FC
4) 74, 905 H@
1) a b c d 2) a b c d
3 4 2 1 3 2 1 4
3) a b c d 4) a b c d
3 1 2 4 2 3 4 1
349. *f^ Q}# HOk "x =Hxk.
1) ~ O_~ H O. 2) ~ # iH~ H =@.
3) = HK P^ =`. 4) "\ x K~e, q#~OKe J< =.
341.4 342.4 343.2 344.3 345.4 346.4 347.4 348.1 349.3

z~Orq 147 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
350. XH PiH == O A, O BH ~ 600, O C~ 400 q= Q == # qH~OK#.
O B~ 200 q"# == # JOu= qxQ^~, O CH ~ 600 q= Q == #
qH~OK#. O C~ 1300 q=Q == # JOu= qxQ^~ qH~OK#. J~` *fù
ZO`.
1) ~ 1000 2) ~ 800 3) ~ 1500 4) ~ 1900
351. ~OQ"s JHO@ Q=~"O\ kQ=` K H#Q nxQO.
1) Q$~OQO 2) "~ ~OQO 3) ` ~OQO 4) q^j"~ ~OQO
352. Lù H~H ^$ ^jùH q^jxH~ H~HÔ Ki =^# qxQx f" .
1)GDP MP
2)GNP FC
3)NNP MP
4)NNP FC
353. O A ux Lù K, O BH ~ 400H J"#. O B ux L yOz ~ (Yarn)Q ` ~

K CH ~ 600 J"#. O 'C' ^xx =GOQ =i qxQ^~xH ~1000H J=#. PiH= =
Lùx Q}O KO^ ^xx fO^~.
1) O A ~ 400 2) O B ~ 600 3) O C ~ 1000 4)"Ò=_O\ ~2000
354. xH~ ZQ=` Z_ ~}`HOQ LO_#.
1) xH~ @|_ ^< `H" # C_. 2) " \ |kb HO> ZQ=` Z=Q L#C_.
3) kQ=` HO> ZQ=` Z=Q L#C_. 4) ZQ=` HO> kQ=` Z=Q L#C_.
355. *fù QOQ LO_ == .
1) =~\ qx=O Jq Q" Hx Lù ^~K qxyOK|_q QOH^.
2) =~\ qx=O Jq, Lù^~ O` qxQxH "_<q ~ O_#.
3) =~\ qx=O Jq =`" .
4) JOu= == # K =~\ qx="# q, Hxq _.
356. Closed Economy #=< HOk "x XH\ QO H^
1) Q$ 2) O 3) Ò 4) q^j"~O
357. @|_ LO ~} (Disinvestment) D O^~ O U~_#.
1) W<O@s q~ } . 2) @|_ == ^~ ~Q^.
3) "~ O O`# ^j H#Q^~ Jq#_.
4) " \ ^j @|_x `~ Q^ JkQq Oz#_.
358. =~\ ^~ *fù, Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fù HO> ZO`" ~ Z=Q LO_#.
(Q 2, 2008)
1) a_ 2) ~H #
3) ~H # {a_ 4) ~H # -a_
359. Lù H~H ^$ *fù nxx J^ #O KO^ L y~ .
1) qq^ ~OQ #Oz =K JOu= Lù. 2) qq^ =~"~ K=O.
3) Lù H~H [=# KeO . 4) qxQ, L`^H == Lù `<O^.
350.3 351.4 352.4 353.3 354.4 355.4 356.4 357.4 358.4 359.3
z~Orq 148 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
360. P^ KH "xH zÔ (leakage) Hxk.
1) ^ 2) kQ=` 3) `=O 4) #
361. ~ O_ ~OQ PiH= = "= "x èk. (Real flow).
1) O =^ == "O.
2) Q$ #Oz Lù H~H O "O =i O #Oz @O == "O.
3) O #Oz @O Lù H~H "O, @O #O_ O = = "O.
4) Q$=^ = = "O.
362. =+ PÔ ZC_ JkHO Q LO_Q ^.
1) O H ^`H =HQ ` KeO Z=Q L#C_.
2) qxQ^~ KeO K =_ Z=Q L#C_.
3) Ò = KeO K |kbKeO Z=Q L#C_. 4) UnH^.
363. ì PÔ D O^~ O Z=Q LO_#.
1) [< iy#~@H, =#OQ GNP iy#C_.
2) GNP, [< HO> <=kQ iy#C_.
3) [< HO> GNP "QO Q iy#C_.
4) [< <=kQ iy GNP ~Q# C_.
364. ~ O_~OQ #=< =`xH ` xi x|O^# . (Q 2, 2008)
1) q+ PÔ q+= O. 2) ^= @|_.
3) ZQ=` kQ=`. 4) # `=O.
365. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fù ~ 600 H@, ~H # ~ 200 H@, a_ ~ 75 H@
J~` =~\ ^~ *fù
1) ~ 750 H@ 2) ~ 725 H@ 3) ~ 500 H@ 4) ~ 250 H@
366. PiH OH = xH H=#OQ GNP x fO> nx Q ^ # q=~
1) ~ ^ ~ nxx =H ~ K = . 2) = q=# iQ}#H fH^ .
3) Q$} =# H OK^ . 4) ZQ=`, kQ=`# H OK^ .
367. HOk "x Lù H~H KeO QOHxk.
1) L^QHK i~O. 2) O`"~O #Oz =K PÔ.
3) "~ |kbKeO . 4) _q_O_.
368. P~H " ` L yOz# ^xx |\ ^ J#Q
1) PiH= = =Ò L#C_ S = l H|\ Wk @|_ O\k.
2) HO` HO = =O K O_ L#QO.
3) XH xi+ HO PÔ qxQO K O_ L#QO.
4) [ QÒ OzÒ K# "Ò .
360.3 361.2 362.3 363.3 364.2 365.2 366.3 367.3 368.3
z~Orq 149 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
369. "`< ~ 1500/-, @HO ~ 500/-, =_ =i ~ 2000/-, qxQ=O ~
2500/-, xH~^j @|_ ~ 1300/-, xH~ q^j@|_ ~ 200/- J~#K P^ =kO
û *fÔ.
1) ~ 3500/- 2) ~ 5000/- 3) ~ 4000/- 4) ~ 6500/-
370. L# =K~O H~O ==kO û *fÔ.
1) ~ 3500/- 2) ~ 4000/- 3) ~ 5000/- 4) ~ 5500/-
371. ^jù (Gross Domestic output) ~ 45,000/-, =^ O`~ qxQO ~ 12,000/-, `~ Q^
~ 500/-, q^j xH~ H~HÔ (-200/-) J~` GDP (Gross Domestic Produt) ZO`?
1) ~ 45,000/- 2) ~ 33,000/- 3) ~ 50,000/- 4) ~ 43,000/-
372. =K~O |\ *fù (GNP) nxH =#O.
1) ~ 45,000 2) ~ 33,000 3) ~ 33,200 4) ~ 32,800
373. xH~ *fù (NNP) nxH =#O. ( =K~O |\)
1) ~ 32,300 2) ~ 33,500 3) ~ 33,000 4) ~ 33,200
374. H< H~O ^# qÒ K Ju=YH~HO .
1) L^y` 2) PÔ 3) _=O_ "HK` O 4) HeH =_~ @
375. P^ û *fÔ nxx `#.
1) =O " 2) Lù " 3) O} " 4) @|_ "
376. 1985 ` ^~ GNP ~ 750 H@, 1980 e#_ ^~ z 1985 150 J~`
1985 "= GNP ZO`?
1) 750 H@ 2) 600 H@ 3) 500 H@ 4) 725 H@
377. ~ O_ O=`~ (A =i B ) ^~ p =~Q 100 =i 185, ` ^~ P ~ O_
O=`~ *fÔ 40,000 =i 85,000 H@, Ax P^~ O=`~OQ fHx B O=`~O
"q H PÔ Q}O KO_.
1) 85,000 H@ 2) 40,095 H@ 3) 45,950 H@ 4) 39,960 H@
378. "Ò *f @|_ Q.
1) ^j =^# H#. 2) H =~.
3) xH~ ZQ=`. 4) =x.
379. HOk "x *f^x û JOK< "# k
1) ^^ <~r 2) K.N. ~ 3)V.K.R.V. ~" 4) _.=H
380. *f^ Q}# ^xx iQ}O K~ .
1) HH~, _#~, Q PÔ. 2) Q~ PÔ.
3) == b KeO . 4) O =_.
381. ` ^~ *fù, ~ ^ ~ *fù HO> D HO Z=Q LO_#.
1) ^~ iQ@C_ 2) ^~ `Q @ C_ 3) ~ ^ ~ 4) = =~@C_.
369.3 370.2 371.2 372.4 373.1 374.2 375.3 376.3 377.3 378.4 379.3 380.2 381.1
z~Orq 150 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
382. #`# W H#Q GNP QO. J~` Wk nx K|_#
1) `~ Q^ 2) qxQ=O 3) @|_ 4) ^
383. ^~}OQ XH Ô
1) =~\ ^~ *fù, Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fù HO> Z=.
2) =~\ ^~ *fù, Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fùH =#O.
3) =~\ ^ *fù, Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fùH HO> ` =.
4) Un H^.
384. P^ û *f^x JOK<" @C_ QO Hxk.
1) @HO 2) q= P^ 3) #< 4) Oz@|_x
385. ^= ^# x QO Hxk.
1) HOh _O K~ =i +~. 2) Lù^~ =^ L# =_~ .
3) _H =i ~~ (Docks and Harbowrs) 4) Lù ^~ =^ L# ` ~ # == .
386. ''JOu= Lù =# O|OkOz O A K# Lùx Lù H L yOKO^ O B H
qH~
1) Lù QO. 2) Lù QO H^.
3) A H "_ QO. 4) A H J q= QO.
387. XH PiH == L`^H =~ O U O^~ O qi OK#.
1) =~ PÔ ì PÔ H< Z= L#C_.
2) " \ ^j @|_. `~ Q^ HO> Z= L#C_.
3) xH~ *fù, *fù HO> Z= L#C_.
4) ^=~O *fù ~Q`#C_.
388. XH^ O H ^jù, *fù =^ JO`~O ZO@C_ KC H^Q qÔ Q LO@Ok.
1) q^j @|_ 2) JkH q^j@|_ 3) q^j @|_ H =@ 4) UnH^.
389. XH O=`~O XH PiH= = Jx O "Ò J=H.
1) *fùH =#O. 2) *f^xH =#O.
3) *fù HO> Z=. 4) *fù HO> ` =.
390. P^ KH "O lnjection Hxk
1) @|_ 2) ZQ=` 3) `=O 4) #
391. J=H i=}O "Ò GNP HO> Hx~@ Z= LO__xH H~}O.
1) GNP H~~\ ## q#~O k H|\.
2) J=Hx ^= ~O#.GNP == ~O# LO_@=.
3) GNP =Ô`~= J=H# q#~O k. 4) Un H^.
392. HOk"x @|_ QO Hxk.
1) =^# == =O. 2) P~ ^~ Y~.
3) O # qi OK @ K=O. 4) H`Q O=~H O\# xiOK@ K =O.
382.3 383.1 384.3 385.1 386.2 387.2 388.2 389.3 390.4 391.3 392.2
z~Orq 151 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
393. O Lù #Oz (Gross output) W`~ O#Oz H#Q K# =_~#, =#
f" PO H nxx JOK< " =K.
1) =O 2) xH~ O 3) J=H=O 4) "__
394. q` P ==~ (Transacticn in Financi Assets and Eg: Shares, stock. etc) nxH H~}=Q#.
1) *fÔ ~Q^. 2) *fÔ `Q ^ .
3) *fÔ =O K=. 4) q +` *f^ ~Q^.
395. ~` PiH == kf ~OQO QO Hxk.
1) =#HiOQ 2) x~}O
3) "x OQ =i HiOQ 4) q^`, Q, h\~ ~ .
396. =~\ ^~ GNP ~ 200, q^j xH~ H~HÔ ~ 20, ~H # ~ 20, a_ ~ 10.
J~` Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ GDP.
1) ~ 160 2) ~ 170 3) ~ 200 4) ~ 250
397. XH^ kQ=` nxH P^x HeOK#.
1) ^j =#H~. 2) Ò. 3) "~. 4)q^j Lù^~.
398. ~Qq P^ # D O^~ O =`" P^x # O} K #.
1) " \ = =^ O^ L#_. 2) P^ J=#OQ L#C_.
3) # ZQ"` #C_. 4) q ~[O Pn#O L#C_.
399. J~ GO =oH~ Ô` x~}O.
1) q+ _=O_ 2) q+ 3) P^ KH "O 4)qxQO =i @|_.
400. =$kKO ^ Ô
1) ~ ^ ~ GNP ~QÒk. 2) ~ ^ ~ GNP ~ O Q LO_#.
3) ` ^~ GNP ~QÒk. 4) Un H^.
401. ^ Lù Z= QO nxH KOk#k.
1) "\ qxQO. 2) ` qxQO. 3) @|_. 4) ZQ=`.
402. ~ ^ ~ *fÔ nx ^~ Q}O K=K
1) ^~ p/ ` ^~ *fÔ 100
2) ` ^~ *fÔ/ ^~ p 100
3) =~\ ^~ ì PÔ/ ^~ pq= 100
4) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ *fÔ/ ^~ pq= 100
393.4 394.3 395.3 396.2 397.4 398.3 399.3 400.1 401.1 402.2
z~Orq 152 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
APPSC "i Q`
`
x
=^<
Endowment 2008
1) q^j "~= x JO`~` " # PiH= =( Closed Economy) Uk i #k? (1)

1) GDP = GNP 2) GDP > GNP 3) GDP < GNP 4) ^k H^
2) HOk "x Uk |kb KeO ? (3)
1) "K "<H KeO Kk 2) O` [=xLO_ = #O J^
3) *|Y~(Pocket money) 4) = h#
3. U O u O=`~= *f^ JOK< ` ~K #? (4)
1) }oH O = 2) ~` i[~ O 3) q` O = 4) H O^ Q}OH O
4. *fù =~@ ^~ =^ H OK#_ DHOk "x ^xx Q}#xH fH#|_^ ? (3)
1) a_ (Subsidies) 2) `~ Q^ ` =
3) ^g q~=} OK# 4) ~H #
5. ''~~# ^H}=x ~ l ~ @~ (3)
1. Lz`== 2. JOu= == 3. =^# == 4. qxQ==
6. *f^ H O ~ O_ ~= =# HQ ~ =#= : (1)
1. JkH JOK< 2. ` = JOK<
3. iQ JOK< 4. JOK< =O LO_^ .
7. D HOk "x Uk @|_ H^ : (2)
1) =^# == H#Q =O 2) P~ ^< H#Q =O
3) O@ (Plant) q~ } =O 4) O@ # =O
8. ~` PiH= = ^q H ~OQ= L#q : (4)
I. ===, O^ =i J#|O^ # II. J@g =i H
III. =` i= IV. Q# =i ~ i=
1) I =`" 2) I =i II 3) I, II =i III 4) = x
9. `~ Q^ U q= #+= : (1)
1) =^# P 2) H 3) qxQ == 4) JOu= ==
10. *f^ H O Uk +" # û : (4)
1) P^ û 2) = û
3) L`^H û 4) P^= =i L`` H~H û .
A.S.O.2008
11) `~ Q^ ^< `HOQ L#K, *fù : (3)

1) xH~ *fù H< ` = LOLOk. 2) xH~ *fùH =#OQ LO@Ok
3) xH~ *fù H< Z=Q LO@Ok. 4) xH~ *fùH `=Qx =#OQ Qx LO@Ok.
z~Orq 153 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
12) W`~ q+ ~OQ LO_, ~` ^ "~"` W`~^ @|_ OK_O = PÔ iy`:(1)
1) *fù (GNP) ~QÒk 2) ^jù (GDP) ~Q#
3) *fù (GNP) =i ^jù (GDP) ~Q#
4) *fù (GNP) ~Q# Hx ^jù (GDP) `Q#
13) PiH= = ^"} ~ `" # =$k L#K, "= *fÔ, ` ^~ *fÔ` e
K : (2)
1. ` = LO_# 2. =#OQ LO_#
3. Z= LO_# 4. q Ug H=
14) *fÔ 5% iy, =i [< 2% iy#K ì PÔ ZO`? (2)
1) 2.5% 2) 3%
3) 7% 4) 10%
15) W~` q+ ~ O Q LO_, Ò # Oz#K, " HH =~ PÔ : (1)
1) `Q ` Ok 2) =~^
3) ~QÒk 4) " g H^
16) |kb KeO L^~} : (4)
1) HixH KeO z# "`< 2) qH KeO z# H
3) =_ "iHKe O z# =_ 4) Ò KeO z# =$^ O K#
17) Lù ~OQO J=H ~|_ : (2)
1) Q$ O = 2) Q$O KeO
3) "~O KeO 4) Q$O Wz# |}
18) *f PÔ J#Q (4)
1) C+ I + G - (X + M) 2) C + I - G - (X + M)
3) C + I - G + (X - M) 4) C + I + G + (X - M)
19. xq` PiH == (3)
1. ZQ=` #O, kQ=` #O 2. kQ=` #O, ZQ=` #O
3. ZQ=` =i kQ=` #O 4. ZQ=` =i kQ=` #O
20. *fÔ J#Q : (4)
1. Lù J~# qxQ== q= 2. Lù J~# =^# == q=
3. iQ ` ~ # == q= 4. Jx Lù H~H =z# PÔ
21. *fÔ H >@ C_ XH == q=# ~ O_~ H O K = ZC_ L`#=Òk?(1)
1) =i^#O =i aO iQ}H fH#C_
2) =i ^#O =i Q^ = iQ}#H fH#C_
3) O_ =i ~Q# iQ}#H fH#C_
4) OK^~ =i q~# iQ}#H fH#C_
z~Orq 154 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
22. *fÔ H O HOk"x ^xx iQ}O K~ ? (4)
1) `Q$ O J^ 2) b "`# O
3) |}O =_ 4) è `# =~x =^ fH# ^=O
23) Q `Q ` # ^~ <==` PÔ HO> "q H PÔ (3)
1) `Q # 2) =~^ 3) ~Q# 4) q Ug H=
24) *f^x =kOK ^` Hxk Uk:
1) Value added method 2) Income method
3) Investment method 4) Expenditure method
25) ~`^ O W\= H= ^jù `$f~OQO "\ : (3)
1) `Q ` #k 2) ~ = Q L#k 3) ~Q`#k 4) q Ug H^.
Dy.E.O.2008
26) _. q.H.q.~= Q~ D ~OQO H$+ Ki ? (1)
1) *fÔ 2) ^~} (General) =Ò
3) H J~ GO 4) OH = J~ GO
27) =#"a=$k z (HDI) x~ =}O UNDP Ja=$k iz#k Z=~ (2)
1) Z.H. < 2) =|LH 3) q.Z. q< 4) ~=q<
28) ~`^ O ~R =#= Ja=$k i~ "^@ K iOz# ~R Ò (2)
1) H~@H 2) =^ ^ 3) PO^ ^ 4) L`~ ^
29) D HOk"x GNP Ki LO_xk? (2)
1) xH~ q^j PÔ 2) |kb KeO
3) _q_O_ 4) "~ O Oz @|_x
30) ~`^ O ^q H ~OQO JO> Uk? (3)
1) iqH ~OQO 2) = ~OQO 3) == ~OQO 4) uH ~OQO
31) 200607 HO, GNP "~OQO H "\ (1)
1) 52 Ò 2) 42 Ò 3) 32 Ò 4) 22 Ò
32) ` O Ô *f^x H OK O Uk? (4)
1) `= 2) PiH O = 3) }oH O = 4) H O^ Q}OHO
J. L. 2007
33. ^j Lù J<k (Domestic Product is) (2)
1) ^j QO x=OK = K K |_# Lù
2) ^j QO x=OK = =i W`~ K# k
3) ^~} x"` LO_, ^j QO, " Lù K# k
4) ^j QO =i W`~ QO x=t# "~ K# k
z~Orq 155 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
34. HOk"x Uk ^= O|O^" # ==~O (Financial Transaction) (4)
1) \# H#_O J=_O 2) ^#=# H#_O J=_O
3) = <# H#_O J=_O 4) +~# H#_O J=_O
35. XH ^ *fù (GNP) nxH =#O (1)
1. Ô x Lù { q^ #O_ =z# xH~ PÔ
2. Ô x xH~ Lù { q^ #O_ =z# xH~ PÔ
3. ^j PÔ { q^#O_ PÔ
4. xH~ *fù { ZQ=`
36.. =~\ ^~ H~O NDP H Wk =#= (3)
1) GNP #O_ =^# qxQ=# f" Q
2) GNP #O_ q^j xH~ P^=# f" Q
3) GDP #O_ =^# qxQ=# f" Q 4) GDP q^ xH~ P^= HQ
37. D HOk"x U `= L yOz "= "# NNP x ~|@=K (2)
1) 100/^= NNP x ^~ z 2) ^= NNP / ` O=`~ ^~ z 100
3) ^= NNP/100 x ` O=`~ ^~ z 4) q Ug H=
38. =~\ ^~ *f^=#, a_ He, # f" # Jk ^xH =#O
1) Lù H~H ^$ *f^= (GNPFC) (3)
2) =~\ ^~ *f^= (GNPMP)
3) Lù H~H ^$ xH~ *f^= (NNPFC)
4) =~\ ^~ xH~ *f^= (NNPMP)
39. *fÔ q+ =O (3)
1) Jx KeO 2) Lù J~# == q= "Ò
3) i J~# = = KeO 4) =~HO K# == q=
40. *f^= =i ^j P^= =^ =`" =O> (1)
1) q^ #O_ xH~ PÔ 2) q^ #O_ xH~ J^$
3) q^ #O_ PÔ 4) q^ #O_ J^$
41. ~`^ *fÔ Ju^ "\ HeyOk (1)
1) = ~OQO 2) ==O 3) iqH~O QO 4) "~~O QO
42. *f^x H OK_O HOk "x ^xx q#~OKe (1)
1) q^~ QO@ 2) ^ #=Ou rÒ
3) =~ OkOz# 4) WO\ `@ O_Oz# ~Q
43. x["# *fÔ# U qÔ Q O^^= (2)
1) H#Q K# == # H OK_O 2) Deflating NNP
3) Inflating NNP 4) Relating NNP
z~Orq 156 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
44. *f^x H OK_O g\x q#~OKe (2)
1) ^` ^ K Y~ 2) Q$} =
3) O O^ 4) U*O@ O^ Hq+#
D.L. 2007
45. *f^=<k =[ [#O # i # H=#O H^ ZO^HO> (4)
1. [#O =#H "# k H=# H=_xH g ^
2. Jk P^ O} q^<x uaOaOK^
3. ~=~} =~# (=[O) `^ 4. = x
46. GNP J<k GDP HO> JkHO Q L#_ (3)
1) q^j H~H xH~ P^= #O 2) q^jH~H xH~ PÔ |}`H=
3) q^j H~H xH~ P^= ^< `H=
4) xq` L PiH == H=# ^ =^ Lù H~H Q=#j` ^
47. HOk "x Uk GDP H O|OkOz#k H^ (4)
1) GDP "x èk
2) GDP `= HO Q (^~}OQ) i~ K _O [~QÒk Hh WK@ O=`~xH i~
K _O J=Òk.
3) GDP JOu= == =~\ q= KOK_O [~QÒk.
4) XH O=`~ HO Jx HOhK Lù K# = =# HQ =z# q"
48. HOk "x ^xx GDP H OK_xH He^~ (3)
1) Ò [ O_# Jq# ^~ 2) Q$} JOkOz# =
3) L yOz# ("_#) H~ _~ H =
4) ^g q~=} K# =$^ KeO K $ u (#<)
49. HOk "x Uk ~ # k? (1)
1) GDP = C + I + G + (X M) 2) GDP = C + I + G + (M X)
3) GDP = C + I + G T 4) GDP = [C + I + G + (X M)] `~ Q^
50. HOk"x Uk i #k H^ (3)
1) NDP J<k GDP #O_ `~Q^ f"Q =Kk
2) GDP H q^j H~H P^x He# GNP H =#=Q#.
3) NDP #O_ `~ Q^ f" Q GDP =O k
4) GNP #O_ `~ Q^ =i "~ ~H ## f" Q Jk *f^xH =#=Q#
51. qq^ H *f^x i_xH HOk "\H O|OkOz# ^Òx "_e.
1) <==` *fÔ 2) "= *fÔ (2)
3) ` ^~ *fÔ 4) " g H=
52. HOk "\ U ^ JkH ì P^ =$k ~ @# k # q (2)
1) GDP =$k ~ @ 4%, [< =$k ~ @ 3% 2) GDP =$k ~ @ 5% [< =$k ~ @ 2%
3) GDP =$k ~ @ 7% [< =$k ~ @ 5% 4) GDP =$k ~ @ 6% [< =$k ~ @ 3.5%
z~Orq 157 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
53. q+ *fÔ HOk =H PÔ ^xx H= (3)
1) Ò JOkOK x~^Q $ u 2) r=<^~ H=` P^=
3) x= H~ aOK Hq+< 4) Q$ = Q$} KeO Kx "Ò
54. HOk "x Uk ~ # k H^ (2)
1) ~ O_ ~OQ q^#= Q$ =i "}[ ~OQ =^ O|O^x K^= _O [~QÒk
2) ~ O_ ~OQ q^#= ^j =i q^j ~OQ =^ O|O^x K^= _O [~QÒk
3) =_ ~OQ q^#O Q$~OQO, "}[~OQO =i `~OQO QiOz K^= _O
[~QÒk
4) <Q ~OQ q^#O Q$~OQO, "}[~OQO, `~OQO =i q^j~OQO QiOz K^=_O
[~QÒk
NET 2007
55. PQLI# Q}O z#k (3)
1) =|LH 2) l.ZO."~ 3) _q_ "i 4) " ~O^~
56. UNDP 177 ^ HDI # Q} ~` ~OH gx =^ LOk. (4)
1) 111115 2) 116120 3) 121125 4) 126130
57. W\=~ J`kH =$k ~ @ #"^# O=`~O (*fÔ) (3)
1) 200607 2) 200506 3) 198889 4) 200304
58. *f^ H O =~ PÔ (1)
1) GDP { xH~ q^jH~H PÔ { |kb KeO # Oz@|_x
2) GNP + xH~ q^j H~H PÔ { |kb KeO # { Oz@|_x
3) GDP { xH~ q^jH~H PÔ { |kb KeO # { Oz@|_x
4) GNP + xH~ q^j H~H PÔ { |kb KeO # Oz@|_x
J.L 2006
59. Lù H~H ^$ *fÔ nxH =#O (2)
1) =~\ ^~ xH~ *fù Oz@|_x
2) =~\ ^~ xH~ *fù ~H # { a_
3) =~\ ^~ xH~ *fù H~~@ # { a_
4) =~\ ^~ xH~ *fù ~H # { |kb KeO
60. q= ~ JO> (Value Added) ( 3)
1) i J~# == q= 2) L`` q= L`^H q=
3) Lù q= =Ô`~ == q= 4) = h
61. =~ PÔ ^xH =#O (1)
1) =+ PÔ ` H # 2) =+ PÔ ~H #
3) =+ PÔ c= KeO 4) =+ PÔ { |kb Y~
62. *fÔ HOk U JOO K~ |_^ (2)
1) O` x"O KeO K J^ 2) =^# (Capital gains)
3) Q$ <H~ KeO K r` 4) @O| = PkOz# "`<
z~Orq 158 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
63. D HOk "\ Uk |kb Y~# è* O k? (4)
1) L^Q KeO K |H~ KeO 2) "\^~ KeO K KeO
3) O KeO K a_ 4) ^g q~=}^~ KeO K ##
64. XH ^ *fù =~\ ^~ ~.1,65,080 H@ =#O. Lù H~H ^$
*fù ~.1,54,060 H@. a_ ~.4560 H@ J~#_ ~H # "Ò HOk U
q= =#O? (1)
1) ~.15,580 H@ 2) ~.6460 H@
3) ~.1,60,520 H@ 4) ~.1,69,640 H@
65. ~`^ O *f^ JOK< D HOk =# Z^~O@<~(4 )
1) P^ Q}OH H~} = 2) P^=# ~ # x~K#O W=H=_O
3) ^=O` qx=O Hx ==~ 4) = h
66. ~`^ ^jù Ju ^ JOO (1)
1) Q$ ~OQ qxQ =O 2) ^j @|_
3) ` == ` =O 4) xH~ q^j @|_
Gaz 2006
67. *f^ JOK< _IIq.H.P~.q.~=Q~ L yOz# û (4)
1) P^ û 2) Lù û 3) Q}OK û 4) P^ Lù ^`
68. PO^ ^ ~RO 2001 <\ =#"a=$k zH q= (4)
1) 0.444 2) 0.427 3) 0.513 4) 0.416
69. `~ Q^ zOK =Ò, xH~ *fù =i (3)
1) *fÔ 2) =~Ô 3) *fù 4) =+ PÔ
Group II 2005
70 D HOk"x Uk X (3)
1) =~ PÔ =+ #O\~ 2) q= ~ |kb Y~O\~
3) *fù (GNP) O` `~ Q^/J~Q^ LO@Ok
4) =+ PÔ Oz@|_x He LO\~
71. GNP, GDP =^ ^ O J#Q, HOk"\ Uq GNP He LO\~ ( 2 )
1) |kb Y~ 2) xH~ q^j PÔ 3) ^ 4) H~~@ #
72. q= ~/H_O (value added) JO> (4)
1) =~\ ^~ GNP 2) =~\ ^~ NNP
3) =+ PÔOz@|_x HOh
4) Lù Lù "_# =^ qH == =O
73. q^j xH~ PÔ ^xH =#O (3)
1) ZQ=` kQ=` 2) =^# ~|_=^# KeO
3) q^ #Oz Q Oz# H~H PÔ q^ KeO z# H~H ^~
4) Z<.P~.S. f# PÔ ^j @|_^~ OkOz# PÔ
z~Orq 159 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
74. =~\ ^~ NNP H, Lù H~H ^$ NNP H Q `_ nxH =#O (1)
1) a_# q#~OKx ~H # 2) ` H # { |kb Y~
3) =+ PÔ Oz@x 4) =~ PÔ
J.L. 2004
75. =#"a=$k zH (HDI)q= D =^ LO@Ok. (2)
1) 1100 2) 01 3) 1001000 4) q Ug H=
76. =#"a=$k zH JO= Hxk (3)
1) [## HO #Oz P~ O
2) JH~ ` ~ @ =i ~ Q@
O=`~
3) t =~} ~ @ 4) PÔ
77. PO^ ^ 1990 ^|= 1980 ^|= HO> ì PÔ ~Q_ xH QH~}O (3)
1) ~Q`# [< =$k~ @ 2) H K _O Q ^+O
3) `Q ` # [< =$k~ @
4) ~R ^jù, =YOQ ==~OQO H JkH =$k~ @
78. =~\ ^~ xH~ ^jùH, =~\ ^~ xH~ *fùH =^ Ô (3)
1) =^# qxQO 2) ~H # 3) q^jxH~ H~HÔ 4) |kb O^#
79. iK~ < D HOk ^x` O|OÔ LOk (2)
1) i==^ q+ } 2) *f^ q+ }
3) bx~ QqOQ 4) x^ " q+ }
80. "= ^ x[ ^jù (Real GDP) J#Q (3)
1) XH xs`H O Lù J~# JOu=== =i= "Ò
2) ^=~O H=|_# JOu= = = "`x ^~ p^~ _\ K# k
3) XH Ô < Lù J~# JOu= = =# ^=~O H Oz ^~ p ^~ kOz#
(Deflated) "Ò
4) H~H P^"Ò
81. =+ P^=#Q (4)
1. Lù H~H ^$ *fÔ { ~H #
2. Lù H~H ^$ *fÔ { O K#
3. Lù H~H ^$ *fÔ Oz@|_# O H ^` KeO
4. LùH~H ^$ *fÔ Oz @|_x O H ^` KeO { |kb
KeO
82. HOk"x i #k Uk (4)
1) NNP `~ Q^ LO@Ok 2) =+ PÔ Oz@|_x O\~
3) =~ PÔ =+ # O\~ 4) xH~ PiH OH = O fiH (Leisure)LO@Ok
z~Orq 160 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
83. xH~ ZQ=` JO> (2)
1) ZQ=` `~ Q^ 2) ZQ=` kQ=`
3) `~ Q^ kQ=` 4) ZQ=` ZQ=u OHO
84. Gross value Added J#Q (2)
1) Value of Gross out put - Capital consumption
2) Value of Gross out put - Value of inputs used in production
3) Value of Gross out put - Wages 4) Value of Gross out put - Wages - Interest
J.L. 2003 (Back log) & J.L. 2001

85 *fÔ H OK@_ D HOk"x ^xx qxQ == Q iQ}O K~ (3)
1) XH H~ HOh ` ~K# H` H~ 2) W (Houses)
3) HO_ O_ H~ H#Q K _O 4) "^ *Q` (Medical care)
86. Double Counting J<k (2)
1) *f^x ` =Q JOK< " _O 2) *f Lùx Z=Q JOK< " _O
3) *f Lùx Distorting K @ 4) *f Lù g^ ` _ =yO WK@
87. D HOk "x |kb KeO Hxk. (1)
1) ` L^Q r` 2) x~^Q c= ^
3) ^g q~=} ## 4) P^ =^` H#
88. XH O H Lù #Oz, Jk "~ O #Oz H#Q K# L`^H# f" ( 1 )
1) Value added 2) =~ qQ q= 3) "Ò Lù 4) = h
89. D HOk H O GNP Qx, NNP Qx fH~. (3)
1) `~ Q^ 2) = Lù 3) ~=~} H+ =lH =O 4) = h
90. D HOk JO ^xH _II q.H.P~.q.~=Qi J^ #O JkH ^#` HeOzOk. ( 3 )
1) J~ GO 2) HH =` q+ }

3) *fÔ H O 4) " g H=
91. =~\ ^~ GNP ~.200 H@ J~`, xH~ q^j H~H PÔ 20 H@, ~H # 20
H@ =i a_ 10 H@ J~# Lù H~H =O =^ GDP ZO`? (1)
1) 170 2) 180 3) 190 4) 250
92. GNP =i GDP =^ =Ò nxH =#O (2)
1) q^j @|_ 2) xH~ q^j H~H PÔ
3) xH~ ZQ=` 4) xH~ q^j @|_
93. _@
~ nxH =Y` =OK# (4)
1) GNP `Q ^ # H OK@ 2) == =~# iK @
3) GNP JkH ~Q^# H OK@ 4) ^~ ~ =~# iK @
94. *f^ JHO\ HOk "x Uk He LO@Ok (3)
1) Q$} = 2) Q~ PÔ (Income of Smugglers)
3) <\ "K" < = (Services of Night Watchman) 4) Services of Monks.
z~Orq 161 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
APPSC 2003
95 D HOk"x ^xx *fù K~ ~ (2)
1) q^ #O_ xH~ P^= 2) |kb KeO
3) _q_O_ 4) O} K x H~~\
96. Uk i #k H^. (4)
1) GDP - NDP = `~ Q^
2) =~\ ^~ =^ GNP = Lù H~H = =^ GNP + xH~ ~H #
3) NNP = NDP + xH~ Lù H~H q^j PÔ
4) GNP = NDP + `~ Q^
97. =~\ ^~ =^, *fù ~.5000/ @|_ ~.1000/ =i xH~ @|_
~.800/, ~H # ~.400/ =i a_ ~.100/ J~# Lù H~H = =^
xH~ *fù (1)
1) ~.4500 2) ~.4000 3) ~.4,800 4) ~.4750
98. *fùH, ~H # =^ Q `_ (1)
1) Lù H~H =O =^ *fÔ 2) =HQ ` PÔ
3) =~ PÔ 4) =~\ ^~ =^ *fÔ
APPSC 2001
99. =~\ ^~ Q}Oz# *f^xH a_ He, sH ## f"# Jk^xH =#O J#Q (2)
1) *fÔ 2) H~H ^$ *fÔ
3) =H PÔ 4) # KeO K=O^ "`< , r`
100. 1990 P^~ O=`~OQ, 2000 O=`~ ^~ p q= 150 J~#K, 2000 ^~ *fù
q= 3,60,000 H@HQ, xH_ ^~ *fù q= (3)
1) ~. 1, 50,000 H@ 2) ~. 1,80,000 H@
3) ~. 2,40,000 H@ 4) ~. 2,80,000 H@
101. XH Lùx ~ O_ ~ Q}#K# O^ =# HeQ =O (2)
1. *fu`x ` =Q JOK<" O k
2. *fùx Z=Q JOK<" O k
3. *fùx iQ JOK< " O k
4. *fùx xH_Q JOK< " O k
102. 1951 #Oz ~` ^ *fù iqH =O (Industrial Origin) ^$ (4)
1) W`~ ~OQ` e#_ ^q H ~OQO "\ "~Q # k
2) kf ~OQ "\ W`~ ~OQ` eK#_ `yO k
3) Jx ~OQ "\ iy#q
4) ^q H ~OQ "\ `y, `$f ~OQ "\, kf ~OQ "\ H< ìÒQ "~Q= `#k.
103. ^= P^x nx` `y (deflating) x*Ô =O k (1)
1) ^~ zH 2) =oH zH 3) ~~ zH 4) H#Q H zH
z~Orq 162 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
104. UNDP ^~ 1990 #O_ "_H L# PiHa=$k H=#O (3)
1) Basic needs Index 2) PQLI 3) HDI 4) Income Index
APPSC 2000
105. GDP ^jù J#Q (1)
1) XH Ô H ^j PiH H~H 2) XH Ô H q^j "~ O|O^
3) XH Ô H JO`~` "~O 4) XH Ô H PiH =`
106. CSO H O^ Q}OH == O K|_# O=`~O (1)
1) 1951 2) 1952 3) 1947 4) 1966
107. ~`^ O *f^x JOK< " _xH L y# ^` (4)
1) Lù P^ û 2) Lù = =kO û
3) P^ = =kO û 4) Lù, P^ = =kO û
108. xH~ *fù O^@ (4)
1) GNP+D 2. GNP + # + D 3. GNP + # - D 4) GNP - D
109 =#"a=$k z D HOk JO Q= (1)
1) P~Q=, JH~ `, L^y`
2) *f^=, ì PÔ, ì qxQO
3) *fÔ, [< i=}=, ^~} ^~ ~
4) uH =#~, ^= =#~, [< i=}=
110. UNDP "i =#"a=$k p QO Hxk (4)
1) ì GDP 2) \# \ #Oz P~ O
3) L=_ ^q H, kf, `$f #"^ x+u 4) ` = |~=` \# Ò
111. =#"a=$k p HOk"x iQ}#H fHx JO (2)
Z) n~H eH r=#O =i P~QO a) =i t= Ja=$k
) q^ =i q*#O _) =lH <O =i kH~`
W) "~Q # r=# =}O
1) W =`" 2) a _ 3) a 4) Z _
112. 2001 ~`^ =#= Ja=$k zH D q= Hey LO^x JOK< "~ (2)
1) 0.785 2) 0.472 3) 0.236 4) 0.416
. 113. UNDP "~ HDI Q}# D HOk JOx fH^ ( 2)
1) "q H ì ^jùx ~ @ K _O (PPSUS $ Index)
2) A deprivation Index
3) Life expectancy Index (P~ p)
4) Educational Attainment Index (q^^# zH)
114. =#= Ja=$k zH P^~OQ 2001 ~`^ O "^\ #O## ~RO (3)
1) t=OQ 2) =~R 3) H ~ 4) O*
115. PO^ ^ ~RO 2001 <\ =#= Ja=$k zH q= (4)
1) 0.444 2) 0.427 3) 0.513 4) 0.416
z~Orq 163 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
116. ~`^ O *f P^x =kO K @ J#iOK û (2)
1) "~ += 2) xH~ Q}[ û (Net Product Method)
3) xH~ ZQ=` 4) q^j x
117. =#"a=$k p x~} ^ # te (2)
1) .P~.|#O^ 2) =|LH 3) q.H.P~.q.~= 4) P~.Z.<
118. GNP J#Q (4)
1) NNP + ` H # 2) NNP + ZQ=`
3) NNP + ~H # 4) NNP + `~ Q^
119. =+ PÔ nxH =#O (4)
1) GNP - `~ Q^ 2) NNP - #
3) NI + |kb KeO { Oz@|_x =i H~~@ #
4) NI + |kb KeO Oz@|_x =i H~~@ #
Civils 1995
120. b _~" O\ \eOQ (Patrolling) H L yOK H~ U~H" # == ? ( 4 )

1) O `xH qH~ OK~ H|\ JOu=== 2) Ò uiy qH~ OK^ H|\ qxQ==
3) Ô =^# H#Wk ^^_ # H|\ =^# ==
4) D H~ O` b = qxyOK|_`~ H|\ Wk =^ O`~ ==
121. HOk"xx [` K O_ (2)
List - I List - II
Z. Lù û 1. == Lù LùH~H O^ P^"Ò
a. = =kO û 2. O=`~HO JOu== = Lù "Ò
. P^ û 3. JOu=== =i =^ O`~ == Lù q="Ò
_. ~ O_~ H O 4. qxQ, @|_ == " \ ` =O
Z. a. . _ Z. a. . _
1) 1 4 2 3 2) 2 4 1 3
3) 2 1 3 4 4) 1 3 2 4
122. GNP 1, 92,866 H@
MP
(3)
~ = ^# qxQO 13,371, H@, xH~q ^j H~HÔ 975 H@ J~` NDP ZO` MP
1) ~. 1,78,520 H@ 2) ~. 2,07,212 H@ 3) ~. 1,80,470 H@ 4) 2,05,262 H@

Civils 1996
123. ` |kb KeO xH~^ j Lù QOH^ ZO^= (4)
1) ` qz |=`Q@K 2) "i J=H=O ''#
3) WO\ KeO Q ` K~=
4) Ò KeO z# "\H |^Q ZO\ = = Lù H=
z~Orq 164 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
124. [`K O_ (2)
Z. ~ = ^# qxQO 1. Gross Output JO` i= H#Q
a. Value added 2. Closed Economy *fÔ
. "~O#Oz xH~ PÔ 3. `~ Q^
_. ^j Lù 4. x m
Z a _ Z a _
1) 3 1 2 4 2) 3 1 4 2
3) 1 3 4 2 4) 1 3 2 4
125. ~`^ O *f^x Q}O KO^ L yOK ^` (4)
1. xH~ Lù û 2. xH~ P^û 3. = =kOû
1) 2 =`" 2) 1 2 3) 3 =`" 4) 1, 2 3
Civils 1997
126. *f^ JHO@ J^#O = [#O Z=Q LOk. ZO^=##Q (4)
Z. *f^ OQO, i=}O =K =~# `#
a. =[O qq^ =~=^ *f^ O}x `#
. qxQO, @|_=^ *f=O UqÔ Q ql OK|_Ok `#
1) Z a 2) a 3) Z 4) Z, a
127. HOk P^ O|OkOz (4)
1. =+ PÔ 2. =~ PÔ
3. *fÔ
"\i =}O `Q K # H=O (Descending order) ~ # k Uk.
1) 1, 2, 3 2) 2, 3, 1 3) 3, 2, 1 4) 3, 1, 2
128. 197071 P OII ^~ NDP ~. 34,328 H@ , 197677 ^~ NDP ~. 66,561 H@.
197677 O. NDP 197071 ^~ ~. 40,395 H@. J~` "= NDP ~Q^ ZO`? (2)
1) KC H`y#O`Q ~Q ^ 2) ~. 6067 H@, 3)~. 31,193 H@ 4) ~. 66, 561 H@
Civils 1998
129. xq` PiH= = (Closed Economy) q^j"~O LO_^ . JO\ O^~ O HOk"x
~ # k Uk? (1)
1) GDP=GNP 2) GDP>GNP 3) GDP<GNP 4) GDP # GNP
130. Net National Product (xH~ *fù(H Net material Product (xH~ uH LùH `_# HOk "x
Uk `# (1)
Z. NNP = H LO_# a. NNP = q#~OK|_#.
. NMP = H LO_#. _. NMP =q#~OK|_#.
1) Z =i _ 2) a =i _ 3) Z =i _) a =i
z~Orq 165 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
131. ~`^ O U ~OQO = =kO û ^~ *f^x Q} < ~ (3)
1) ==~OQO 2) "x OQ~O QO 3) x~}~OQO 4) ~"}~OQO
132. HOk"xx [`K O_ (4)
*a` 1 *a` 2
Z. V.K.R.V.RAO 1. îHO JOK<
a. " KH=i 2. *f^ JOK<
. ~*K 3. Development Planning
_. Ô_H~ ~` 4. Hq^#O
1) Z 3, a 4, 2, _1 2) Z 4, a 3, 2, _1
3) Z 2, a 3, 1, _ 4 4) Z 2, a 3, 4, _ 1
Civils 1999
133. GNP JO`~O J<k gx=^ JO`~x `# (4)
1) GNP =i NNP 2) GNP=i `~ Q^
3) GNP=iGDP
4) Qi+O Q LùHQ GNPH "= , GNPH =^ =Ò (Potential & Actual GNP)
134. OH = H=#OQ ì GNPH Q ^ # iqu Uk? (1)
1) ì GNP iy# us =# r=#=}O ~QH =K
2) iQ [<# Wk H H fH^.
3) Lk J=Hx H H fH^. 4) ` =x H H fH^
Civils 2000
135. *a` 1# *a` 2` [`K O_? (2)
*a` 1 *a` 2
Z. "U__ 1. ~ ^ ~
a. <==` PÔ 2. Lù =uH
. "q H PÔ 3. OK#
_. |kbKeO 4. ^ ~
1) Z4, a2, a3, _1 2) Z2 a4, 1, _3
3) Z4, a2, 1, _3 4) Z2, a4, 3, _1
136. Value added J#Q nx q= (3)
1) =~\^~ Lù 2) = =#O_ `~ Q^# f"
Q =Kk
3) = = q= #O_ =^ O`~ = = q=# f" =Kk,
4) Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ Lù
z~Orq 166 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
137. HOk"x i #k Uk? (1)
1) *fù `~ Q^ H LO@Ok
2) "__ |kb KeO H LO\~
3) =+ PÔ Oz @|_x H LO\~
4) =~ PÔ =+ # He LO\~
138. 198384 ^~ =~\ ^~ GNP 1,92,866 H@ =iLù H~H Ys^ ^$ GNP 1,71,201
H@, P OII Ò KeO z# a_ 5,107 H@ J~` P OII ~H # ZO`? (2)
1). 31, 879 H@ 2). 26,772 H@ 3). 21,625 H@ 4). 16, 558 H@
139. NNPx GNP D QO JkQq OK#. (GNP Exceeds NNP by) (4)
1) "Ò # 2) ` =O
3) |kb KeO 4) @|_, xH~ @|_ =^ =Ò.
140. O^=$k ~ @ J#Q (2)
1) O^ [< =$kH O|OkOz#k
2) ~*H$ +K L yOK|_#k. ~` PiH= = =$k =OQi q O=`~xH 3.5%
LO^x "MxOz#k.
3) J=~ <K L yOK|_#k. ~` PiH= = =$k =O Qi q O=`~xH 3.5%
=$k LO^x "MxOz#k.
4) V.K.R.V.RAOK L yKO|_#k. ~` PiH= = =$k =O Qi q =~ 4%
LO^x "MxOz#k.
Civils 2001
141. HOk"x ~`^ O *fÔ# Q}O KO Uk (2)
1) NCAER 2) CSO 3) NSS 4) RBI
142. Assertion (A) : |kb KeO *f^ JOK< QOH^,
Reason (R) : |kb KeO J<q LùH~H =K KeO H= (1)
1) A =i R i #", =i R, A ~ # q=~},
2) A =i R i #", Hx R, A ~ # q=~} H^
3) A~ # k =i R ~ # k H^ 4) A ~ # kH^ R ~ # k
143. " \ H~~\ ~OQO H ^# zOKq (2)
1) HOh "Ò 2) Oz @|_x
3) =xH qOz# 4) "\^~ KeO K _q_O_
144. XH PiH= = =~\ ^~ xH~* fÔ $20 " qe#, ~H # $ 2000 g,
a_ $ 1000q, [< 150 g, J~` LùH~H Ys^ ^$ *fÔ ZO`? (2)
1) $ 21,000qe# 2) $19,000 qe 3) $ 23,000 4) $ 22,000
z~Orq 167 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
Civils 2002
145. P^ =kO û *f^x JOK<"# _ HOk "x XH\ QO H^ (4)
1) @H PÔ 2) Oz@|_x 3) q= PÔ 4) OK#
146. XH PiH= = O|OkOz HOk =K~O W=|_#k (3)
qxQO 5000/ @|_ 1000/
` H#Q 800/ ZQ=` 600/
kQ=` 800/ `~ Q^ 250/
J~` =~\ ^~ GNP ZO`?
1) 7100 2) 6850 3) 6600 4) 6350
147. ~` iqH =$k~ @ 6%=x TOKO_. ^ GDP iqH ~OQO "~ 25% J~` ^
GDP =$k iqH =$k ZO`? (4)
1) 3% 2) 2.5% 3) 2% 4) 1.5%
148. HOk "M< ~ # k Uk (3)
Z. XH PiH= = L`^H =~ O ~QÒÔ> " \ ^j @|_ `~ Q^# JkQq OK#
a. ` |} =_ *fÔ QO H^, Hx =+P Ô QO.
. W<O@s qi OKHn @|_ LO ~O [iy#@
_. ##` WO_ H#Q @|_ QOQ GNP fHO\~.
1) Z =i a 2) =i _ 3) Z, a =i _ 4) Z, =i _
Civils 2003
149. =~\ ^~ GNP 10,000/ xH~ q^H ~H PÔ 1000/, ~H # 800/, a_ 500/
`~ Q^ 1000/, J~# GDP ZO`? MP
(1)
1) 9000 2) 4,000 3) 7,700 4) 13, 300
150. *a` 1#, *a` 2` [`~ K= (2)
*a` 1 *a` 2
Z. =^# qxQO 1. LùH~H ^$ NI H OK@C_ Q} ~
a. a_ 2. =~ PÔ H OK@C_ q#W~ .
. =+ # 3. =+ =x H OK@_ q#W~
_. =+ ^ 4. NNP H OK @C_ q#~OK|_#
Z a _ Z a _
1) 3 1 2 4 2) 4 1 2 3
3) 3 2 1 4 4) 4 2 1 3
z~Orq 168 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
151. HOk"xH O|OkOz ~ # k Uk? (4)
Z. ^~ iQHO ` ^ ~ NNP, ~^~ NNP HO> ` =Q LO@Ok.
a. ^~ iQHO ` ^~ NNP, ~^~ NNPHO> Z=Q LO@Ok.
.^~ ~Q^ ` O|OÔ O_ ` ^~ NNP, ~^~ NNP =#OQ LO_#.
_.^~ =~ #C_ (Stable Pirces) ` ^~ NNP, ~ ^ ~ NNP =#OQ LO_#.
1) Z =i a 2) Z =i 3) a =i 4) a =i _
152. 1985 #O_ 1995 O=`~xH GNP 1000 H@#O_ 1500 H@ iQ#. W^ HO ^~ p
100#Oz 200H iQ#. J~` 1985 ^~ 1995 <\GNPZO`? (2)
1) 1000 H@ ~. 2) 750 H@ ~. 3) 1500 H@~ . 4) 500 H@ ~.
153. |kb KeO , Capital gains, K@ =u~Y H~H O|OkOz i #k Uk (2)
1) |kb Ke , H @ Q ~< # He, K@= u~Y H~H# *fù q#~~ .
2) |kb KeO , H @ Q ~<, K@ =u~YH~H# *fù #Oz q#~~ .
3) |kb KeO He, H @ Q ~< K@ =u~Y H~H *fù #O_ q#~~ .
4) D =_ =~\ H~H *fù H`~.
154. ~`^ *f^xH ^ # P^~O (3)
1) ^q H ~OQO 2) kf ~OQO 3) `$f ~OQO 4) q^j~OQO
Civils 2004 & 2005
155. HOk"x XH\ `C Q W=|_Ok. Jk Uk (4)
1) *fÔ Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù
2) NNP = GNP - D 3) =~\ ^~ NDP Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ NDP{ xH~ ~H #
4) GNP = GNP xH~ q^j H~H PÔ
156. PiH= = GDP "iH =$k~ @ 5%, "iH [< =$k~ @ 2%, "iH `~ Q^ 0.1% HQ, "iHO Q
ì GDP ~Q^ ZO` (4)
1) 2.4% 2) 2.5% 3) 2.9% 4) 3.0%
Civils 2006
157. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù (NNP ) QO Hxk
FC
(3)
1) Oz @|_x 2) @HO 3) `~ Q^ 4) =_
158. ~. 1000 q=Q XH`# `~ KO^ ~. 500 q=Q ~yx, 100~. q=Q W`~
"\i# L yOz, "`< Q 100~. KeO K#. J~`Lù H Value Added ZO`?
(4)
1) 1000/ 2) 500/ 3) 400/ 4) 300/
159. HOk"x i #k Uk (1)
1) P^~ O=`~O, ` ^~ GDP, ~ ^ ~ GDP XH LO_#
2) ` ^~ GDPJ<k P^~O II ^~ JOu= Lùx z =K#.
3) ~ ^ ~ GDP J<k P^~ OII ^~ JOu= Lùx z =K#.
4) ` OII ^~ , ` ^~ GDP, ~^~ GDP XH LO_#.
z~Orq 169 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
1) 1 3 2) 1 2 3) 3 4 4) 2 4
160. ~`^ O 200304 "= GDP 8% =$kx JkQq OzOk. J~` QÒ U =_O=`~ "=
GDP 8% HO> Z=Q #"Ô k. (1)
1) 196768, 197576 =i 198889 2) 196667, 198081, 199495
3) 195556, 198283, 200102 4) 197273, 198586, 19992000
161. HOk"xx ijeOz H_#L yOz i #k Z#H#O_. (4)
Assertion (A) : ^"} HO "= PÔ ^= PÔ HO> Z=
Reason (R) : "= PÔ ^= PÔ / ^~ p
1) A =i R i #". R J<k A H i # q=~}
2) A =i R i #" Hx R J<k A H i # q=~}H^
3) A i #k Hx R `C 4) A `C Hx R i #k
162. ~`^ O *f^ JOK< nx P^~_ L#q (3)
1) net Income Method =`" 2) net out put Method =`"
3) net Income, net output, =i net expenditure methods 4) net Expenditure method =`"
163. # # Pie-chart GDP qq^~ O Q "\ e=|_#. J=~} H=O HOk~OQ# J=~O_.
qxQ == (2)
x~}O ==O
=^#
==
"~OQO
"xOQ
J_=
1) `$f~OQO
2) kf ~OQO
3) ^q H ~OQO
z~Orq 170 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
1) 1, 2, 3 2) 1, 3, 2 3) 3, 1, 2 4) 3, 2, 1
Civils 2007
164. *f^ JHO@ HOk"x ^xx fO\~ (3)
Z) +~, O_ H#Q (Purchase of shares and bonds)
a) ~ _x @|_ q= (Value of residential Investment)
) O qxQ Lù q= (Value of production for self consumption)
_) =^ O`~ == q= (Value of Intermediate goods)
1) Z a 2) a =`" 3) a 4) _
165. HOk "H# ijeOz H_# yOz i # ^xx Z#H#O_ (4)
Assertion (A) : GNP Z _ GDP HO> Z=Q LO@Ok
Reason (R) : GNP x OÔ^ GDPH NFIA K~~
Codes :
1) A =i R ~ O_ i #". =i R J<k A H i # q=~}
2) A =i R ~ O_ i #". Hx A H R i # q=~} H^.
3) A i #k R `C Q LOk
4) A `C Q LOk R i #k
166. HOk ~OQ 200506 OIIxH "= GDP Jq JOkOK "\ |\ ~ # J=~} H=x
Z#H#O_ (4)
1. ==O J#|O^~ O Q 2. i=
3. x~}O 4. H=x\, =lH =HQ ` =
1) 1432 2) 1243 3) 2134 4) 2143
Civils 2008
167. Value of output =i Value - addedH =^ `_# HOk"x XH\ `H#@^~ Q OK=K (1)
1) =^ O`~ Lù H~H q= (Value of Intermediate inputs)
2) xH~ ~H # q= (Value of net indirect Taxes)
3) kQ=`q= (Value of Imports)
4) ~ = ^# qxQO (Value of consumption of fixed capital)
168. HOk JOO|OkOz (1)
<==` GNP =~ Ò 1.8
[< =~ Ò 0.5
^~ ~ =~ Ò 1.3
z~Orq 171 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
"= ì GNP =~ `" O`
1. # 2. 0.5 3. 1.0 4. 1.3
169. *fÔ #Oz =~Ô OÔ^ (1)
1. P^ # q#~Oz |kb KeO K~e
2. P^ # q#~Oz |kb KeO _ q#~OKe
3. P^ # Ki |kb KeO _ K~e
4. P^ # Ki |kb KeO q#~OKe.
170. *f^ JHO\OQ "` xH~ "` (Gross Aggregates and net aggregates) =^
`_ (2)
1. xH~ ~H # q= 2. ~ =^# qxQ q=
3. =^ O`~ qxQ q= 4. JOu= qxQ = q=
Civils 2009
171. *f^ "` O|OkOz =~\ ^~ q=, LùH~H Ys^ ^$ q= `_ Uk
(2)
1. ~ =^# qxQO 2. a_ # xH~ ~H # q=
3. xH~ q^j H~H PÔ4. ~H # # a_ q=
172.. =+ PÔ 57,000 ~II =+ # ~II 9,000/ qxQO ~II 43,000/ =_ KeO ~II
10,000/, =+ ^ 40,000. J~` =~Ô (3)
1. ~II 50,000/ 2. ~II 47,000/ 3. ~II 48,000/ 4. ~II40,000/
173. HOk "x U O=`~O ~ ^~ Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ GDP J`kH =$k ~@# He LOk. (1)
1. 200607 2. 200506 3. 200405 4. 200708
174. ~ ^~ 9=, 10= OK=~ }oH Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ GDP =$k ~@ #"Ôk (2)
1. 6.0% 8.0% 2. 5.5% 7.8% 3. 5.5% 7.4% 4. 5.8% 8.5%
175. ~ ^~ 10= OK=~ }oH O|OkOz U O=`~O J`kH ì P^ =$k ~ @ #"Ô k
(4)
1. 200304 2. 200405 3. 200506 4. 200607
176. ~`^ O *fÔ JOK< O|OkOz iqu Uk (2)
Z. ^" `~ ~OQO Lù
a. z# Lù^~ =i Q$~OQ O #Oz =K~O O HH=_O
. x"kOK|_x K@ =u~H ^=O
_. ^"}O
1. Z,a,_ 2. Z,a 3. a 4. Z_
z~Orq 172 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
GROUP - I =ki
1. *f^=# x~zOz, U qÔ Q JOK< "~ Ò_.
2. *f^ JOK<# ~x, =kOK@_ q#~OK JO Ò_.
3. ~` PiH == *fÔ =z# x~}`H =~# q=iOz ZO^ Lkx
OKH =K#^ Ò_.
4. ~` PiH == qq^ ~OQ P^~_ # q Ò =~ Z\ LOk? D ~O
=~ f~=_xH fH=# K~ zOKO_?
5. ì PÔ =$k, ^~} Ò`xH ~O, ÒÒ `~ "` U qÔ Q L<~?
6. =#"a=$k z x~}O f< JO ~x =#"a=$k ~` H}
O ^? q+ O K=.
7. PO^ ^ # ^$+ @Hx =$kH, =#"a=$kH Q O|O^x q+ O K=.
8. GDI x JO# ~x, D =^ HOx GDI ~` #O Z LOk?
9. qq^ ~ =#"a=$k p# ie 2001 NHDR =MO# Ò_.
10. ''~` =#"a=$k ~Qux è, P kQ ~` fO@# K~ q=iOKO_.
REFERENCE BOOKS
NATIONAL INCOME A.P. ECONOMY
1. DUTT & SUNDARAM - INDIAN ECONOMY 1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY 2008-09
2. MISRA & PURI 2. A.P. PiH O~}

3. ~` PiH == = 3. 50 years of A.P.
4. II BA (Telugu Academy) 4. Current DATA
5. Macro Economics - Dhingra
6. Economic Survey 2008-09 (India)
z~Orq 173 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

ECONOMY
PRACTICE TEST 4. NNPx i\ K@ (reflating NNP)^~
1. Ò`xH ~O ~`Ô *f^x 10.=+ P^=, =~ P^= =^ `_ nxH
û JOK< "#k Z=~? = #=?
1. qxQ == 2. =+ #
1. V.K.R.V. ~= 2. ^^~ <~l 3. `~Q^ 4. ^
3. P.C.= < a 4. J.R.H 11. *f^ Q}# nxx q#~~?
2. ^j Lù J#Q? 1. ` OÒ J=Q =z# P^=
2. @s ^~ =K P^=
1. ^ QoH i^ ^jK K|_ Lù. 3. +~ J=HO = =z# P^=
2. ^ QoH i^ ^j =i 4. = x
W`~K K|_ Lù. 12. 2010-11 PiH ~ H~=, 2010-11 (Ad-
vanced JOK<), O=`~xH ` ^~ ~`
3. ^jK ÔQx ^ |@Qx K Lù ^jù ZO` LO_Q^x JOK< "#?
4. ^ QoH i^ W`~ =`" K Lù. 1. 49,86,426 H@ 2. 55,82,623 H@ 3.
3. ~ ` Pi H == kf ~ O Q = ^ x x H e y 65, 50, 271 H@ 4. 78,77,947 H@
13."= *f P^= ZC_ q`= KO^#
LO_^. J#Q?
1. `s ~OQ= 2. x~}= 1. [ Z=Q `Q@ =# (People take
3. Q# `=HO 4. q^` Q, h\ ~~ more to drink)
2. Lù H X_^_ L#C_
4. =~\ ^~ xH~ ^jù nxH =#=? 3. Lù x~O`~OQ iy#C_
1. GNP-=^ # qx Q = 4. ^~ x~O`~OQ iy#C_
2. GNP-xH~ q^jH~HÔ 14.2010 =#"a=$k x"kH H~= HOk ^
`= P~O Q ^=?
3. GDP-= ^# qxQ= 1. ~`^= 2. |OQ^
4. GDP+xH~ q^jH~HÔ 3. H< 4. W~<
5. V.K.R.V. ~= ^xH Z= = JOkOK#? 15.^^~ <~l =# Ô "^\ iQ *f
1. OH= J~GO P^ x JOK < " # C _ *f , ` i
2. HH =` =` q+} P^ =~Q
3. *f P^ JHO@ 4. ^ i H = 1. ~.1689 H@, ~.62
6. *fùH, ^jùH =^Q `_ 2. ~.250H@, ~.30
nxH =#=? 3. ~.240 H@, ~.25
1. q^j @|_ 2. xH~ ZQ=` 4. ~.340 H@, ~.20
3. xH~ q^jH~H^= 4. xH~ q^j @|_ 16. PO^^ ~RO ~ ^~ GSDPx JOK<
7. HOk "x q` ==~=(Financial Transaction) Uk? "O^ Ò fH< P^~ O=`~O?
1. \ (Plot) H#Q J=H= 1. 1993-94 2. 1999-2000
2. P~^< H#Q J=H= 3. 2000-2001 4. 2004-2005
3. =#= H#Q, J=H= 17. ^~}OQ *fÔ J#Q
4. +~ J=H=, H#Q. 1. =~\ ^~ *fù
8. [< =$k ~@ 2%, *fù =$k~@ 8% 2. =~\ ^~ xH~ *fù
J~` ì P^ =$k ~@? 3. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ ^jù
1. 7% 2. 4% 3. 6% 4. 10% 4. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù
9. "= *f P^x Z O^=K? 18. ~ ^~ Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ ~`
1. = Lùx Q}OK@ ^~ ^jù J`kHOQ #"^# O=`~O Uk?
2. NNPx _\ K@ ^~ 1. 10= }oH z=i O=`~O
3. NNPx W<\ (Inflating NNP)K@ ^~ 2. 7= }oH z=i O=`~O
z~Orq 174 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
3. 7= }oH 4= O=`~O 4. =<`H =i Q}OH = ~O_ H=.
4. 10= }oH 2= O=`~O 28. *fÔ# nxx H@ ^~ O^=K.
19. H O k "x PO^ ^ ~R L` u x 1. q P^=
Q}OKO^ LyOK û? 2. P, ==# #Oz =K P^=
1. xH~ P^ û =`" 3. O Lk =K q= PÔ
2. xH~ P^, = û =`" 4. = x
3. xH~ P^, Lù, = ^` 29.`~Q^ J<k, nxH H~# q=
4. xH~ Lù û =`". 1. qxQ == 2. =^# P
20. |kb KeO# *f^ JHO@ fHH 3. K~ P 4. JOu= ==
=_xH H~}=? 30. ì P^= D O^~O ~Q#?
1. Jq PiH H~H KeOK u H= 1. GNP =i [< XH ~@ iy#_
2. "\x YzÒQ Q}OK =~O ^. 2. GNP =i [< ~O_ `y#_
3. Jq =+ PÔ J\H Q" LO\~.4. 3. [< HO> GNP ~Q^ "QOQ L#C_
Jq HOh Q" LO\~. H|\. 4. [< ~Q^ HO> GNP ~Q^
21. PO^^ =#"a=$k zx xiOK ^` <=kQ L#C_
Wk K\#k 31. ` O ~ ` ^ O ^ q H ~ O Q O #Oz =z#
1. ~R PiH Q}OH Y P^ =
2. PiH =lH P^# HO^= 1. "~OQO HO> Z=Q#, kf~OQO HO>
3. HO^ Q}OH O 4. ~R }oH ~ `=Q L#k
22. PO^^ =#"a=$k z "^\ #O 2. kf, `$f ~OQ HO> Z=Q LOk
xez# l 3. kf, `$f ~OQ HO> `= LOk
1. H 2. `~ Q^=i 4. `$f ~OQO HO> `=Q#, kf ~OQO
3. ^~^ 4. qY @ O HO> Z=Q# L#k.
23. PO^ ^ 2010-11 O =` ~ O J_< _ 32.''"= "O #Oz ^="O Jq~qOk.
JOK< ` ^~ ì PÔ =~? H O k "x XH \ D "M<xH O |Ok O z#k
1. 40" 2. 50" H^ ?
3. 60" 4. 70" 1. "`# KeO 2. == KeOK ^~
24. ~ ^~ PO^^ ~RO J`kH, J` 3. @HO KeO 4. OK# KeO
ì PÔ Q l. 33. NNP HO> GNP Z=Q LO_k
1. ^~^, q[#Q~O 2. qY@O, NHO 1. "Ò # i=}=
3. qY@O, q[#Q~O 2. ` == 3. |kb KeO
4. ^~^, NHO 4. @|_H, xH~@|_H =^ Q =Ò
25. 11= O K = ~ } oH " ^ \ 4 O =` ~ 34. GNP Gap( GNPJO`~=) nx =^ `_# `#
PO^^ ~RO #"^ K# Q@ =$k ~@? 1. GNPH NNPH =^ `_
1. 7.93% 2. 8.16% 2. NNP -H+ = 3. ^ " }O- NNP
3. 5.3% 4. 9.2% 4. O=`~O Lù K Q Qi+ GNP-"= GNP
26. ~O_ ~ HO= HeQ e`=? 35. GNP Qx, NNP Qx Wk He LO_^.
1. *f Lù JOQ JOK< "|_# 1. `~Q^ 2. = Lù
2. *f Lù JkHOQ JOK< "|_# 3. ~=~} HxH OH =O
3. *f LùH O|OkOz `C`= \OK 4. = x
=yO =K# 36. ~`Ô "^\ OK=~ }oH #Oz
4. UnH^ 1. *f PÔ ~QÒk. ì PÔ
27.~`^ O O\ Ja=$k KO^`# ^ *fÔ =~^
Q}O K@C_ PiH "` Z^~< =? 2. *fÔ ~QÒk. Hx ì
1. =<`H = 2. Q}OH = PÔ `Q`#k
3. =<`H, =i Q}OH = 3. *fÔ ~QÒk. ì PÔ
z~Orq 175 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530
ECONOMY
`= ~@` ~QÒk. 3. =+ P^= 4. "@ P^=
4. *f, ì P^ ~O_ "QOQ 45.*fÔ #Oz =~^x OÔ^
~ Q ` #q 1. P^ ## Ki |kb KeO # _ K~e.
37.1949 *f^ Hq\ 2. P^ ## Ki |kb KeO# f"e.
1. = <a, ^^ <~r, Q_ 3. P^ ## f" |kb KeO He
2. =H, |#OÔ, = <a 4. P^ ## f" |kb KeO _ f" e.
3. V.K.R.V.~=, = <a, =< *<\ 4. 46.@|_ nxH uxÔ =OK#?
= <a, Q_, V.K.R.V.~= 1. P^ "x `yOK#.
38. HOk"x *f P^ JHO\ Hek? 2 P^ "x OK#.
1. Q$} = 2. Q~ PÔ 3. P^ "x `yOK# =i OK#.
3. <\ "K"< = 4. UnH^
4. < = (Monks) 47.=~\ ^~ GNP 500 H@, xH~ q^jH~HÔ
39.=~\ ^~ *f PÔ HO>, ~ ^~ 50 H@, ~H # 40 H@, c_ 20 H@
*f PÔ ZC_ Z=Q LO@Ok. J#Q? J~` Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ GDP ZO`?
1. ^~ `Q`#C_ 2.^~ ~Q`#C_ 1. 470 H@ 2. 490 H@
3. ~ ^~ L#C_ 4.= =~`#C_ 3. 610 H@ 4. 430 H@
40. 2010-11 J_< _ JOK < PO^ ^ ~R 48. <Q ~OQ PiH == P^ KH "xH
LùH qq^ ~OQ JOkOK "\ `QK# z^ (Leakages)Q x Kq?
H = O A . ^ B. @ | _
1. =-== O- i = C. # D . kQ =`
2. =- i = - == O E. ` =O F. ZQ =`
3. i = -== O- = HOk H_# LyOz i#k Z#H#=?
4. == O-=- i = 1. A,B,C 2. A,C,D
41.~` PiH == P^ =kO ûx D ~OQO 3. A,C,E 4. C,D,F
aOK P^x Q}OKO^ LyOK@ ^? 49. O^ =$k ~@ J#Q?
1. OHOQ, c= 1. q<^< K K |_ == =$k 3.5% LO_@
2. q^`, Q, h\ ~~ 2. ~*H+K K |_ *f^ =$k 3.5% LO_@
3. il~ =#HiOQ Z a+"O\ 3. J=~ <K L yOK|_ PiH =$k 3.5% LO_@
4. ` # 4. ~* H+K LyOK|_ "^\ =_
42. Q "i`= nxH O|OkOz#k? ^H *f^ =$k 3.5% LO_@
1. J L^y` "`# H` J=~= 50. Lù H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *fù HO>
2. PÔ iQ Hk ^= LO` [#O H} O k. = ~ \ ^ ~ xH ~ *f ` u Z C _ Z =
3. *f P^ JHO\ ~H ~ K LO@Ok. J#Q?
KeOx = fHH=_O 1. ` c_ > ~H #
4. Un H^ 2. ` c_ < ~H #
43. HOk "x i# "H"k?Lù q= =i 3. ` c_ = ~H #
q= K ~ =^ ` _ H O k "x XH \ ` e 4. ` c_ ~H #
K=K. KEY
1. =Ô`~ L`^H q= 1.1 2.2 3.3 4.3 5.3 6.3 7.4
2. xH~ ~H # q= 8.3 9. 2 10.2 11.4 12.4 13.3 14.1
3. kQ=` q= 15.4 16.4 17.4 18.3 19.3 20.1 21.2
4. ~ =^# qxQ q= 22.3 23.3 24.4 25.1 26.2 27.3 28.4
44. = ~ ^ =# Q $ ~ O Q O K e O K ` H 29.2 30.3 31.3 32.4 33.4 34.4 35.3
# Ki Jk nxx =#=? 36.3 37.4 38.3 39.1 40.2 41.3 42.3
1. H~H ^~ xH~ *fù 43.1 44.3 45.3 46.2 47.4 48.2 49.4
2. =~\ ^~ xH~ ^jù 50.2
z~Orq 176 Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

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ECONOMY

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

*f^O =#"a=$k p ~R L`u

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

1. Zxq^= OK=~ }oH "^\# k U O=`~O ?

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

6. `O`= ~H=O^ "^\ iQ *f^x H Oz#^=~ (1= x\ *f^O)

H|\ WO_ < ZH#gx J^ #O K@_ Concepts Z= ^$+ i Facts QiOKH"e.

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

APPSC (GROUP - II) 2008

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

3. *f P^O Z= "`= U ~OQ= #O_ =#k

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

1) ==O 2) J@g O^ 3) =` O^ 4) Q# `=HO J< L~O QO\~.

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

@|_x Injection in circular flow of Income Q q~ .

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

18. PO^^ ~R P^x JOK< "_xH \# ^u

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

*f^O (NATIONAL INCOME)

xH~ @|_ =K#.

q, =, =^# O, ==# J< Lù H~H O` = Lù [~Q#. D Lù H~H

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

2) =~\ ^~ *f`u (GNP ) MP

3) =~\ ^~ xH~ ^j`u (NDP ) MP

4) =~\ ^~ xH~ *f`u (NNP ) MP

5) L`u H~H Ys^ ^$ ^j`u (GDP ) FC

6) L`u H~H Ys^ ^$ *f`u (GNP ) FC

7) L`u H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ ^j`u (NDP ) FC

8) L`u H~H Ys^ ^$ xH~ *f`u (NNP ) FC

1. ^j L`u (=~\ ^~ ) GDP : MP

XH O=`~ HO XH^ QoH i^ [iQ JOu= = =# =~\ ^~ K z =K^

L`u J#Q JOu= = =. nx =^ O`~ == L`u fH~^.

1) GDP J<k "=#. Wk XH O=`~O [iQ L`u. =O^ O=`~ L`ux `^ .

4) GDP = ^~ X JOu= = = i=}O

5) ~ O_~ H O =# x"iOKO^ JOu= = = fH"e.

GDPMP = Valve of output in Domestic Territory Value of Intermediate consomption

2) *f`u (=~\ ^~ ) GNP :

XH O=`~ HO P^ *fK (Normal Residents of a Country) L`u K |_# JOu= =

GDP = GNP NFIA GNP = GDP + NFIA

3. xH~ ^j`u (=~\ ^~ ) NDP : MP

GDP, GNP `~ Q^# q#~OK=. H|\ Jq PiH == Q "= = = "x `e* =.

NDPMP = GDPMP Consumption of Fixed Capital (CFC)

=~\ ^~ *f`u (GNP ) #Oz `~ Q^# q#~ =~\ ^~ xH~ *f`u

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

L`uH ~H Ys^ ^$ P^O

^j QO Jh L`u H~H PiOz# P^O# `#.

H|\ GDP #Oz xH~ ~H # f" GDP =K#.

GDPFC = GDPMP Net Indirect taxes

=~\ ^~ *f`u#Oz xH~ ~H # f" , L`uH~H Ys^ ^$ GNP =K#.

7) xH~ ^j`u (L`uH~H Ys^ ^$ ) NDP : FC

nxx xH~ ^j^O JO^~.

3) JOu= = =# `# 3) L`u H~H Ok# P^x `#

8) xH~ *fù (Lù H~H Ys^ ^$)/ *fÔ NNP : FC

NNP < *f^O JO^~.

^j H~H P^xH NFIA Ki *f^O =O k.

GNP #Oz `~ Q^ f" NNP =K#.

Cell : 9490942125, 9959513530

L`u ~QH ~< NNP ~Q#. Hx NNP J<k D ~H #=

GDPMP + NFIA D Net IT

D O|O^x =~H ~HO Q _ K=K.

6. `O`= ~H=O^ "^\ iQ f^x H Oz#^=~ (1= x\ f^O)

=~\ ^~ f`u (GNP ) #Oz `~ Q^# q#~ =~\ ^~ xH~ f`u

8) xH~ fù (Lù H~H Ys^ ^$)/ fÔ NNP : FC