V Ngc Thnh:

em th c quyn gas book mc an ton n thy a

1.Khi nim c bn v n
-nhn t gy n
-vng khng kh n
-Vng khng kh tim n n
-gii hn n di/trn
2.Tiu chun quc t IEC v nguy him n
-phn chia vng nguy him n: vng 0, vng 1, vng2
-Xc nh vng nguy him khi c kh n hin din
3.Cc tiu ch chn thit b chng n
-Chn theo ch s bo v IP
-Chn theo nhit bt chy ca kh
-chn theo phn loi kh v hi
4.Thit b c ch to theo cng ngh an ton cao e
-Nguyn tc bo v.
-Nhn hiu
5.Thit b c ch to theo cng ngh khng la d.
-Nguyn tc bo v
-Nhn hiu

Em mun hi ATEX: atmosphere explosibles: em dch l mi trng n

liu c chnh xc?
Zone 0: Areas in which explosive atmospheres
Category 1
caused by mixtures of air and gases,
vapors, mists or dusts are present
continuously or for long periods of time
em dch l:
zone 0: l nhng khu vc m trong mi trng n c to ra bi
hn hp gia khng kh( air) v cc loi kh gas( gases),hi(nc),
sng(m) hoc bi hin din(present) lin tc hoc trong mt khong
thi gian di.
Zone 0 thuc loi 1( category 1)

Zone 1: Areas in which explosive atmospheres

Category 2
caused by mixtures of air and gases, vapors,
mists or dusts are likely to occur
zone 1: zone 1 l nhng khu vc m mi trng n c to bi hn
hp gia khng kh(air) v cc kh ga, hi nc, sng m hoc bi.
Ci hn hp ny khng thng xuyn xut hin-c th c hoc
khng( likely to occur- dch vy liu c ng khng thy?)
zone 1 thuc loi 2 ( category 2)

ZONE 1
In which an explosive gas/ air mixture is likely to occur in the normal
operation of the plant : zone 1 l ni m trong hn hp n gia kh
ga v khng kh th xut hin lc c lc khng( is likely to occur) iu
kin bnh thng ca thit b( plant)

Zone 2: Areas in which explosive atmospheres

Category 3
caused by mixtures of air or gases, vapors,
mists or dusts are likely to occur or only occur
infrequently or for short periods of time

zone 2: l nhng khu vc m mi trng n c to ra bi hn hp

khng kh v cc kh gas( gases), hi nc, sng m hoc bi .Hn
hp ny th khng thng xuyn xy ra- khng thng xuyn c/xut
hin(are likely occur) hoc ch xy ra mt cch khng thng
xuyn( infrequently) hoc tn ti trong mt thi gian ngn( thy xem em
dch c ch no khng n?

zone2: In which an explosive gas/ air mixture is not likely to occur in

normal operation: zone 2 l ni m hn hp kh ga v khng kh xut
hin t( is not likely ) trong iu kin bnh thng.

To ensure the safe operation of

electrical equipment in ammable
atmospheres, several design
standards have now been
introduced. These design standards
have to be followed by the
manufacturer of apparatus sold for
use in a hazardous area and must
be certi ed as meeting the standard
appropriate to its use. Equally, the
user is responsible for ensuring that
only correctly designed equipment
is used in the hazardous area. ( trang 56 gasbook)

Em dch on trn nh sau: m bo hot ng an ton ca cc

thit b in trong cc mi trng d chy, vi chun thit k c
gii thiu. Nhng chun thit k ny c cc nh sn xut thit b s
dng trong mi trng mi trng nguy him tun theo v phi c
chng nhn l tha mn ci chun m ph hp vi cch s dng ca
n. Tng t nh vy, ngi s dng cng phi c trch nhim m
bo ch s dng nhng thit b c thit k ph hp s dng trong
mi trng nguy him.

For gas detection equipment, the two most

widely used classes of electrical safety design are
ameproof (sometimes known as explosion-
proof and with an identi cation symbol Ex d) and
intrinsically safe with the symbol Ex i.
Flameproof apparatus is designed so that its
enclosure is suf ciently rugged to withstand
an internal explosion of ammable gas without
suffering damage. This could possibly result from
the accidental ignition of an explosive fuel/ air
mixture inside the equipment. The dimensions
of any gaps in the ameproof case or box (e.g. a
ange joint) must therefore be calculated so that
a ame can not propagate through to the outside
atmosphere.
Intrinsically safe apparatus is designed so that the
maximum internal energy of the apparatus and
interconnecting wiring is kept below that which
would be required to cause ignition by sparking
or heating effects if there was an internal fault or a
fault in any connected equipment. There are two
types of intrinsic safety protection. The highest is
Ex ia which is suitable for use in zone 0, 1 and 2
areas, and Ex ib which is suitable for use in zone
1 and 2 areas. Flameproof apparatus can only be
used in Zone 1 or 2 areas.
Increased safety (Ex e) is a method of protection
in which additional procedures are applied to
give extra security to electrical apparatus. It is
suitable for equipment in which no parts can
produce sparking or arcs or exceed the limiting
temperature in normal service.
A further standard, Encapsulation (Ex m) is a
means of achieving safety by the encapsulation
of various components or complete circuits.
Some products now available, achieve safety
certi cation by virtue of using a combination of
safety designs for discrete parts. Eg. Ex e for
terminal chambers, Ex i for circuit housings, Ex m
for encapsulated electronic components and Ex d
for chambers that could contain a hazardous gas. (trang 56 sch gas
book)

Em dch l: i vi cc thit b d tm kh ga, 2 kiu thit k an ton v

in c s dng rng ri nht l khng la( flameproof)( i khi
c bit n vi ci tn khng n ( explosion proof) v c k hiu
nhn din l Ex d ) v an ton ni ti ( intrinsically safe) c k hiu Ex
i.
Cc thit b c kh nng khng la(flameproof) c thit k v ca
ca chng c bc( rugged) ( suffciently) an ton/ bn vng
trc mt v n hoc chy kh ga bn trong m khng b h hi.

intrinsically safe nn hiu nh th no cho ng?