M>MS MS$ As?

M>--MS MS--$ (E.T.M.U).

1. Z f_, lV> *$ ^l$l$]l A z AlSZ ^l ^l]l$ (space walking) extra tereestrial

MS l] $lO l $]l MS]l$ M>MS MS$ As$. mobile activity As$.

s lls- VS$_]l > l l $ CTR Wilson, Hess. z 1985Z l > l l $, NASA > ll MS A]l$-
D MS]l$ {*V>l MSV> MS]l$V ]l*{l $M>-l . >- l Al E{VS- l>Z {*W_, M>-M- S MS
2. M>MS MSZ { ]l MS-$ G{M>tl , h{sl, {sl, VS$_ Al $]l ^l>$.
+ + 1 -z ]lS{ _]lMS$ Black hole (MS~ ) Al $-l] $
]l*{sl, Cl A*]l$ e,e,p,n M> D MSZ $]l*$ John Wheeler (Al$M>) st-$.
80 >l ]lMS$ {s]l$s.

I
z ]lS{l black holeV> ]l*>s ]l- S {- l {l]l> *$yl
Note : h{sl Al G{M>tl MS$ ]lMS MS. {l]l>
{l]l>MS MS- 1.4 r$ Ey. "- ^l{l- Q- - -$-s -

H
G{M>tl {l]l>MS ]l*]lV> Eyl l l> MSW ' As$.
Er$. z 1 C.S.L= 1.4 2 10 30 KG.
3. M>MS MS EMS,- - l] $ l- $- $-M-l] y- -M- S M>MS = 1.4 *$ {l]l>
sP]l$ E*W$. 1 C.S.L = 2.8 10 30 kg.

]ll lMS$P-l] V- > Er$.

5. M>MS MS MS 109 ev ]l$_ 1020 ev ]lMS$ Er$,
S
4. M>MS MS {]ll {l $ ]ll GMS$P]l, *]l$l Q

M>st Z- M- S - - -Z M>MS MS- MS- l] $lO- l $-l] - .

z {l]l> M]lyMS E*W^l l {]l* ^l{l
Q $s.
z {l]l> M]lyMS E*W-^l _]l {]l* =
K
1 Atomic mass unit = 1.67 10-27kg
s lVSO l lMS$P-l] V- > Er$. -z M> M]ly- -M- S S E*W^l l {]l* & M>MS
hc
E = ]ll. JMS M>-MS ]l- l - = 250 $$l

]ll>$.
6. M>MS MS-- l] $ yl$ M>$V> ]lYMS ^l]l^l$a.
A

z JMS M>MS ]ll As *$yl$ JMS > ^l$st

G. ]l$l$ M>MS MS$:
>]lyMS st M>-.
z D MS$ 10 . ]l$l]l]l # l$ >
z M> M-l] y- -M- S E*W^l _]l {]l* shake. JMS
^^l$aM l ]l#. C *$yl El novae
shake = 108sec.
S

]l$_ l$]lyl Eyl]l^lal A-{- $]l.

. MSv]l M>MS MS$:
f yl* MSl:
z D MS$ 10 . ]l$l]l]l # ]l$ >
z ]l*$ MS{lMSZ {s]l$, ]l*{s]l$ MS{lMS
^^l$aMS$l. C super novae ]l$_ l$]lyl
]l (]l*MS* forces) _ Es, D $
Eyl]l^la $$.
Z A Ol $-l] - . D ]l$ MS*$ Al > l l
z ]l$]llZ M>MS MS VS$_ Al $]l ^l ]l -Z
yl$ M>$V>(MS*$ BMS , MS*$ MS $)
Z$ fX (H.J. baba), l$$l -, y.
]lYMS^yl$.
{MS ->--- ]ls {- l] -Q$-$-- - $.
z ]l*$ Q 1 ]l$_ 30 ]lMS$]l ]l*$ MS{lMSZ
z D MS- - A-- l - $--M- S {MS> AlZ
MS*$ BMS $ GMS$P]l, MS $ lMS$P]lV>
h-MS - - a - r
- - - H>-r
- $ ^l>- $. { $l C
Es, M>st D ]lM>MS$ l GMS$P]lV>
ISROZ -VS V> ^l.
Er$.
z >l>Z ]l$_ ]l^la A Zl MS$,
z ]l*$ Q 82 MSs GMS$P]lV> E]l ]l*$ MS{l
>$ MS$, M>-MS MS- -$.. *$ ^l$r$t {$
M>Z MS*$ BMS $ lMS$P]l, MS $ A
$l] ]l$V>]lO l]lO l $ MS-W- - . s ]l$_
l GMS$P]lV> Eyl, ly- -M- S
SMS$ space suite Al {lMS l$$- l] $ ]l$V>]l$
l]l$lr l$ , , MS]l$ $rMS$ llh]l
l $. MS- M- S ]l$ extra terrestrial mobile unit
 . As$.
z D {{MS$]l$
f yl* MSl As$. z C B* yl*MS > ]lO B ylr
z D yl* MSl]l$ { MS 1896Z MS]l$Vyl$. ]l- l$ >Z $]l$ l$V> Es.
M>st , , MS]l$ MS MS- -$ As$. z { f yl* MS 82pb ( ) BMS
z f yl* MSlO M>-- M>$- yl]l, Et{VSl lV>l l MSW yl*MSl BWl$. Al$
{]l Eyll$. ]l Ai lM> A]llV> $Ms$.
& MS: C yl$ r l l, $-VS $
-r {l]l> 2He4 ]l*$]l# MS{lM> MS{]l$ yl* MSl :
Er$ {*VS>Z - - O- l $-l] l ]lM> l MS lMst
z C lO l $-l] MS. D MS yl$lO ]l yl$ ^l. . A yl* MSl]l$ {l. D {{MS- $-l] $- Irine
]l*$]l# Q yl$ r$, {l]l> $-VS $ curie, Bl$ Fredrick Jolotio Curie$ MS]l$-V- $. Ex: -

I
r$ lVS$Yl$. z fermium
&MS: ]l*$ MS{lMSZ ]l*sl z Curium

H
_e]lOl $]l yl$ {sl, G{M>tl $V> yll$. sZ z Amera ciam
lO l $]l {sl ]l*$ MS{lMSZ Eyll, lMS$P]l z Larencium
{l]l> E]l G{M>tl ]l*$]l# MS{lMS ]l$_ $rMS$ z Stramcium
yl$l]l#l$. z Einsteinium
S
z D l V> l$]lyl]l G{M>tl ]l$ &MS As$. C
l$]lyl]l yl$ ]lMS ]l*$ Q+1V> $VS$
l$. M> ]l*$]l# {l]l>Z Gr$]ls ]l*$
z plutonium
]lM> MS{]l$ ]l l]
elemnts):
(Artificial transmutation of

{*VS>Z ]lM> >-l O- l $-l] MS-- ]l*ay-

K
Eyll$.
]lM> MS{]l$ ]l l] As$. *l z MS]l$-V-
n1
0 1
0
(+e )+ p
1 +

-yl$.
MS: D MS-MS Gs Bl, {l]l>$$ MS{lMS _a (Nuclear fission):
Eyl]l#. z JMS >l ]lM> Gs Bl ]l*{sl
A

z D MS MS l*$M l- $l] JM] MSO- l $-l] l$l lMl ^l. . A _e]lOl $ $]l*- $ yl$ Ml ]l*$
A$Pl lVS ]l*{ll$. M>st ]l*$ MS{lMS MS{lM>$V> yl, Z ]l$_ M ]l*{s]l$, A-
]l$_ &MS yl$lO ]l yl$ MS]l B ]l*$ MS MS $rMS$ yl$l M>]ly- - MS{lMS _e As$.
S

MS{lMS MS ]l*{ll$ lVS$Yl $. M> {l]l>, z MS{lMS _e MS]l$V]l > l l $ Ottohan, Strassmann
]l*$ QZ Gs ]l*$ Eyll$.
z l$l S{lZ l l E]l "' MS $MS O l #,
$l]l]l MS l ]l MS O l # ]lW {*.
M> Gs Bl MS $k ]l*Y Z
{*$.
{]l*$: &
z 1 CURIE = 3. 71010 $r-$ / 1SEC
z 1 MILLICURIE = 1/100 CURIE
z 1RUTHERFORD = 106 /
z 1 BECGUOREL = 1/ .
A il M> :
z yl* MS l]lZ ]l$_ yl* MS MS
]l$ $rMS$ llh]ll* l]l A$ {l]l>Z VS
{l]l> ]l*$ ^lly-M- S st M> A il M>