Διπλωματικη Αποτιμηση Υφισταμενου Gri-2010-5808

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ABSTRACT
The objective of the present dissertation is the assessment and rehabilitation of an

existing reinforced concrete building, specifically a wing of a school building in
Thessaloniki, applying non linear static (pushover) analysis, as defined in the latest draft of
the Greek Code for the Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Buildings (KANEPE). The
structural system consists of moment frames and comprises a basement, a ground floor and
two storeys. The initial design was elaborated by the famous architect D. Pikionis in 1935;
however the building was finally constructed after 1961 applying the initial architectural
design and a new static design elaborated in 1961, two years after the first Greek Seismic
Code was put into force.
Firstly, the general concept of the Code, which adopts the Performance Based Design, is
presented. In particular, information needed for systematic assessment and rehabilitation of
concrete buildings, general analysis and design assumptions and requirements, modeling and
analysis procedures, acceptance criteria and rehabilitation measures for each component are
mentioned, while non linear static (pushover) analysis is covered in detail.
Thereafter, the building and its analysis model are thoroughly described, emphasizing on
the simulation of the inelastic behavior of critical sections of the structural components.
Afterwards, non linear static procedure is applied in order to estimate the seismic
performance of the building. The assessment was carried out for two objectives, A1 and B1,
corresponding to performance levels Immediate Occupancy and Life Safety
respectively, for earthquake hazard level having probability of exceedance 10% in 50 years.
The results obtained in the second case show that strengthening against shear failure is
required for some short length beams. Thus, jacketing these beams with fiber wrap
overlays is suggested as a rehabilitation measure. Concerning the first case, the results
obtained show that most of the structural components do not meet the acceptance criteria.
However, suggesting rehabilitation measures for this objective is beyond the scope of this
dissertation. All the data, assumptions and results of the assessment, as well as the
rehabilitation procedure, are presented and discussed thoroughly.
Finally, the results are compared with those inferred by three other dissertations
elaborated at the same time, in which other analysis procedures adopted by KANEPE are
implemented. Furthermore, some important conclusions concerning to non linear static
procedure are stated.

............................................................................................. 1
1. .......................................................................................... 3
2. A
.......................................................... 7
2.1 ............................................................................................................... 7
2.2 ............ 8
2.2.1 ......................................................................................... 8
2.2.2 ...................................................................................... 9
2.2.3 ...................................................................................................... 10
2.3 .............................................................................................. 10
2.4 .................................................................................... 13
2.5 ............................................................................................................... 16
2.6 ........................................................................ 19
2.7 ................................................................. 20
3. ...... 21
3.1 ................................................................................................................... 21
3.2 ...................................................................................................... 22
3.3 ............................................................................................................... 24
3.4 ......................................................... 26
3.5 ............................................................. 28
4.
........................................................................ 29
4.1 .............................................................................................. 29
4.1.1 ................................................................................ 29
4.1.2 ............................................................ 31
4.1.2.1 ...................................................................................................... 32
4.1.2.2 .......................................................................................................... 32
4.1.3 .................................................................................... 32
4.1.4 .................................................................... 32
4.2 ........................................................................................... 46
4.2.1 ................................................................................................................. 46
4.2.2 ................................................................................................................. 47
4.2.3 ......................................................... 48
4.2.4 .............................................................................. 53
4.2.5 ....................................... 54
4.3 ...................................................... 54
4.3.1 ................................................................................................................. 54
4.3.2 .................................... 59
4.3.3 - ................. 63
4.3.4 - ..................... 67
5. ................................. 69
5.1 ................................................................................................................... 69
5.2 ...................................................................................................... 70
5.3 ............................................................................................................... 89
5.4 ......................................................... 94
5.5 ............................................................................ 98
6. ..................... 139
6.1 .......................................................................... 139
6.2 ........................................................................... 139
6.3 .................................................................................................... 146
6.4 ............................................................................................................. 148
6.5 ....................................................... 150
6.6 ........................................................... 151
7. ........................................................................ 175
................................................................................. 361
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4.1

A/A b (m) h (m)
. .
1 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 422 322 422 422 422
2 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 422 322 422 422 422
3 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 422 322 422 422 422
4 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 422 322 422 422 422
5 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 422 322 422 422 422
6 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 422 322 422 422 422
7 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 422 322 422 422 422
8 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 422 322 422 422 422
9 0,30 0,75 518 0 218+320 318+320 218 418+220 318 318
10 0,30 0,75 412 318+214 412 418+214+220 412 318+214+220 0 0
11 0,30 0,75 414 0 214 214+220 214 214+220 214 214
12 0,30 0,75 412 414 412 414+220 412 414+220 0 0
13 0,30 0,75 414 0 214 214+220 214 214+220 214 214
14 0,30 0,75 412 318+214 412 318+214+220 412 418+214+220 0 0
15 0,30 0,75 518 0 218 418+220 218+320 318+320 318 318
16 0,30 0,75 520 0 220+222 320+222 220 320 320 320
17 0,30 0,75 412 320+322 412 320+322 412 420+322 0 0
18 0,30 0,75 322+220 0 220 322+120 220 322+112 322 322
19 0,30 0,75 412 622 412 622+112 412 622+112 0 0
20 0,30 0,75 322+220 0 220 322+112 220 322+120 322 322
21 0,30 0,75 412 320+322 412 420+322 412 320+322 0 0
22 0,30 0,75 520 0 220 320 220+222 320+222 320 320
23
24
25
26
27
28
4.2
bx (m) by (m)
1 0,40 0,80 1620
2 0,40 0,80 1620
3 0,40 0,80 1620
4 0,40 0,80 1620
5 0,40 0,80 1620
6 0,40 0,80 1620
7 0,40 0,80 1620
8 0,40 0,80 1620
9 0,40 0,80 1620
10 0,40 0,80 1620
11 0,40 0,80 1620
12 0,40 0,80 1620
13 0,40 0,80 1620
14 0,40 0,80 1620
15 0,40 0,80 1620
16 0,40 0,80 1620

4 41
4.3 1

A/A b (m) h (m)
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1 0,30 0,75 422+220 0 220 422 422+220 622 422 622
2 0,30 0,75 422+220 0 220 422 422+220 622 422 622
3 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 522 322 522 422 422
4 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 522 322 522 422 422
5 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 522 322 522 422 422
6 0,30 0,75 722 0 322 522 322 522 422 422
7 0,30 0,75 422+220 0 220 422 422+220 622 422 622
8 0,30 0,75 422+220 0 220 422 422+220 622 422 622
9 0,30 0,75 518 0 218+320 318+320 218 418+220 318 318
10 0,30 0,75 412 318+214 412 418+214+220 412 318+214+220 0 0
11 0,30 0,75 414 0 214 214+220 214 214+220 214 214
12 0,30 0,75 412 414 412 414+220 412 414+220 0 0
13 0,30 0,75 414 0 214 214+220 214 214+220 214 214
14 0,30 0,75 412 318+214 412 318+214+220 412 418+214+220 0 0
15 0,30 0,75 518 0 218 418+220 218+320 318+320 318 318
16 0,30 0,75 520 0 220+222 320+222 220 320 320 320
17 0,30 0,75 412 320+322 412 320+322 412 420+322 0 0
18 0,30 0,75 322+220 0 220 322+120 220 322+112 322 322
19 0,30 0,75 412 622 412 622+112 412 622+112 0 0
20 0,30 0,75 322+220 0 220 322+112 220 322+120 322 322
21 0,30 0,75 412 320+322 412 420+322 412 320+322 0 0
22 0,30 0,75 520 0 220 320 220+222 320+222 320 320
23 0,20 0,75 620 0 320 320 320 320 320 320
24 0,20 0,75 620 0 320 320 320 320 320 320
25 0,30 0,75 622+220322+320422+220 622 622+220 322+320 0 0
26 0,30 0,75 622+220322+320422+220 622 622+220 322+320 0 0
27 0,30 0,75 622+220322+320422+220 622 622+220 322+320 0 0
28 0,30 0,75 622+220322+320422+220 622 622+220 322+320 0 0
4.4 1
bx (m) by (m)
1 0,40 0,60 820
2 0,40 0,60 820
3 0,40 0,60 822
4 0,40 0,60 822
5 0,40 0,60 822
6 0,40 0,60 822
7 0,40 0,60 820
8 0,40 0,60 820
9 0,40 0,60 820
10 0,40 0,60 820
11 0,40 0,60 822
12 0,40 0,60 822
13 0,40 0,60 822
14 0,40 0,60 822
15 0,40 0,60 820
16 0,40 0,60 820

4 42
4.5 2

A/A b (m) h (m)
. .
1 0,30 0,75 520 0 220 620 220 722+320 320 422+320
2 0,30 0,75 520 0 220 620 220 722+320 320 422+320
3 0,30 0,75 922 0 422 722 422 722 522 522
4 0,30 0,75 922 0 422 722 422 722 522 522
5 0,30 0,75 922 0 422 722 422 722 522 522
6 0,30 0,75 922 0 422 722 422 722 522 522
7 0,30 0,75 520 0 220 620 220 722+320 320 422+320
8 0,30 0,75 520 0 220 620 220 722+320 320 422+320
9 0,30 0,75 518 0 218+320 318+320 218 418+220 318 318
10 0,30 0,75 412 318+214 412 418+214+220 412 318+214+220 0 0
11 0,30 0,75 414 0 214 214+220 214 214+220 214 214
12 0,30 0,75 412 414 412 414+220 412 414+220 0 0
13 0,30 0,75 414 0 214 214+220 214 214+220 214 214
14 0,30 0,75 412 318+214 412 318+214+220 412 418+214+220 0 0
15 0,30 0,75 518 0 218 418+220 218+320 318+320 318 318
16
17 0,30 0,75 412 322 412 322 412 120+522 0 0
18 0,30 0,75 322+220 0 220 322+120 220 322+112 322 322
19 0,30 0,75 412 622 412 622+112 412 622+112 0 0
20 0,30 0,75 322+220 0 220 322+112 220 322+120 322 322
21 0,30 0,75 412 322 412 120+522 412 322 0 0
22
23 0,20 0,75 620 0 320 320 320 320 320 320
24 0,20 0,75 620 0 320 320 320 320 320 320
25 0,30 0,75 822+220322+320422+220 722+320 822+220 322+320 422 0
26 0,30 0,75 822+220322+320422+220 722+320 822+220 322+320 422 0
27 0,30 0,75 822+220322+320422+220 722+320 822+220 322+320 422 0
28 0,30 0,75 822+220322+320422+220 722+320 822+220 322+320 422 0
4.6 2
bx (m) by (m)
1 0,30 0,60 820
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3 0,30 0,60 822+218
4 0,30 0,60 822+218
5 0,30 0,60 822+218
6 0,30 0,60 822+218
7 0,30 0,60 820
8 0,30 0,60 820
9 0,30 0,60 820
10 0,30 0,60 820
11 0,30 0,60 822+218
12 0,30 0,60 822+218
13 0,30 0,60 822+218
14 0,30 0,60 822+218
15 0,30 0,60 820
16 0,30 0,60 820

4 43
4.10

4 44
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4 46
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G: .
Q: .
Fx, Fy: x y.
1.1G+0.5Q:
1.1 .
Fx + 0.3Fy
Fx - 0.3Fy
-Fx + 0.3Fy
-Fx - 0.3Fy x y.
Fy + 0.3Fx
Fy - 0.3Fx
-Fy + 0.3Fx
-Fy - 0.3Fx
4.3
4.3.1
SAP2000 (Version 10.0.7),

(plastic hinges),
.

() ,

4 55

F- ( ).
F
,
, 4.22.
. ,
, F
1/r.
, V ()
.

,
F
,
, .
4.22 F-

,
.
:
y y.
u u.
.

4 56
pl.
y F y ( u).
res F res.
7
,
(Rd = 1.8) 9.
(, , )

,
. 4.3.3 4.3.4
,

.
,
4.3.2
.
4.23 4.24
SAP2000.

( ,
, . ,
, ,

ACI 318, SAP2000.

. ,
, ,
. ,
SAP2000 ,
pl = u y. ,
, - y.

4 57
4.23 SAP2000
4.24 SAP2000

4 58
4.24 () SAP2000
,
, 9 ,
(0%
, 50% 100%

4 59
).
,
,
( ,
). ,

.
4.3.2
.

, :
- ( F-),

,
, .

[.7.1.2.6.]:

2 3
2
.

VMu VR.

VR/VMu. , -
.
VR
.
, :
(i)
.

4 60
(ii)
() ,
,
.
(iii) ( )
.
(iv) ,
.
,

7 , :
, VR,
(, , )

.
,
pl = 1.
pl = 1,
( )
y ( 7.2.2 , 2 3).
,
, pl ( m):
hx
VR = min( N , 0.55A c f c ) + (1 0.05 min(5, pl ))
2 Ls ( 7.1.)
[0.16 max(0.5, 100 tot )(1 0.16 min(5, a s )) f c Ac + Vw ]
:
h: .
x: (x=d y).
y: d.
N: MN ( - ,
1.1G+0.5Q).
s=Ls/h: .
Ls: /V ,
. Ls

4 61
(
) Ls . Ls
7.2.3 ,
Ls , :
-
.
-
.
-
.
-
.
Ac: , bwd bw
d.
fc: MPa.
tot: (,
).
Vw: .
Vw bw :
Vw=wbwzfyw ( 7.2.)
:
w: .
z: ( d-d ,
, 0.8h ).
fyw: .
, VR,
, VR,max, ,
, , :
N
VR ,max = 0.85 (1 0.06 min(5, pl )) (1 + 1.8 min(0.15, ) (1 + 0.25 max(1.75,100 tot ))
Acfc
(1 0.2 min(2, a s )) f c b w z
( 7.4.)
VR,max
,pl = 0.

4 62
VR s 2,0

VR,max, ,
,
pl = -1, ( m):
VR ,max =
4
7
(
1 0.02 min ( 5; pl ) ) 1 + 1.35 ANf
c c

(1 + 0.45(100 tot ) ) min ( 40; fc )bw z sin 2

( 7.5.)
: (tan=h/2Ls=0,5/s)
Vw
,
.
,

, [ 1990]:
Asw,b
V w ,b = 0,9 d 0,7 f y 2
s
s .
VMu
VMu=My/Ls.
,

( ,
). ,
,
, . ,
pl = 4,

(1.1G+0.5Q),
. , , ,
,
.
, ,

4 63

,
. , , ,
,
,
.
4.3.3 -
y
, y
(1/ r ) y ,
7 :
, :
fy
(1/ r ) y = ( 7 , .1)
Es (1 y )d

( c 1,8 f c / Ec ),
:
c 1.8 f c
(1/ r ) y = ( 7 , .2)
y d Ec y d
(1/ r ) y .
(.1), (.2).
, y d, :
y = (a 2 A2 + 2aB)1/ 2 aA ( .3)
= s/c , . (.4) (.5),

:
i. :

A = + '+ +
bdf y
( 7 , .4)

B = + ' '+ 0.5 (1 + ') +
bdf y
ii. :

4 64

A = + '+ + '+
c Es bd 1.8abdf c (7 , .5)
B = + ' '+ 0.5 (1 + ')
. (.4) (.5), , v ,
( bd), =d/d, d

, b ( ,
).

,
( 7.2.2).
y :

, (1/r)y ,
. Ls=sd
(.. ,
), y
, (1/r)y(Ls+Vz)/3, Vz
(z
V 1
, VR1,
, VMu=My/Ls, 0 ).
y ( )
,
.
: (i)
, (ii)
.

, y
:
:
Ls + av z h (1/ r ) y db f y
y = (1/ r ) y + 0.0014 1 + 1.5 + (7.2.2 , .2)
3 Ls 8 fc

4 65
:
L +a z (1/ r ) y db f y
y = (1/ r ) y s v + 0.0013 + (7.2.2 , .3)
3 8 fc
:
- h: .
- db: .
- d1: .
- fy fc: MPa.
- Ls: /V ,
.
. (.2), (.3) 1 .
2 . (.2), (.3) Ls,
3
(fy fc MPa).
u
(7.2.4.1), u
, ,
.
/
,
,
.

1985 :
0,225 f yw
max(0.01, ') a s f
um = 0.016 (0,3)
v
fc ( as ) 0,35
25 c
(1, 25100 d ) (7.2.4 , .8)
max(0.01, )
:
s: .
, : (
).
= /bhfc: (b = ).
s = sx/bwsh:
.

4 66
d: .
:
.
1985
2 (.8)
0.58.

1985 ,
, 2 . (.8) 0.95.

.
:
= 1.5 u
, SAP2000 - y. ,
,
.
pl
:
pl = u y

. , ,
9 ,
Rd = 1.8.
y ( u)
y (
, 2000),
, (,
7.2.1). , 7
(1/r)y ,
:
y y
2
My
3
= (1/ r ) y cE 0.5(1 + ') + (1 y ) + ( y ') '+ (1 ') (1 ') s ( .6)
bd 2 3 6 2

4 67
.
, ( )

, ,
.

-
.

, .
.
res
res 25% y
.
4.3.4 -
, ,

:
y VR/VMu 1

(, 7.2.2) (. 4.3.2).
pl 40% y (,
7.2.4.2), u .
y VR/VMu 1
(,
.7.1.2.2) (. 4.3.2),
res.
,
,

4 68
. u, pl
.

5 69
5.1

,
3,
.
,
.

.
,
. 1 ( 2.1)

10% 50 .

2000/2003. , ,
1 ( ) .

.

1.1. ,
. ,

(fy = 220 MPa) ,
. ,
4.3.2, . ,
fc = 20 MPa.
4.3.
, 5.2,

.

5 70
5.3
, 5.4

.
, 5.5
9 .
5.2
, ,
4.
.
,
. 5.1 5.6
,
4.3.2.
, , s,
2 . ,

, .
, 4.3.2.,
.
5.7 5.12 ,
SAP2000.
pl/Rd,
( y)/Rd
y res. ,

, 9 .
,
,
,
. ,
0.

5 71
5.1
s=M/Vh VR (kN) VMu (kN)
1 - 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
- 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
2 - 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
- 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
3 - 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
- 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
4 - 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
- 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
5 - 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
- 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
6 - 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
- 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
7 - 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
- 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
8 - 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
- 10.79 4.07 165.875 73.721
+ 12.61 4.07 165.875 56.385
9 - 8.58 4.23 125.126 78.460
+ 16.22 4.23 125.126 25.524
- 8.68 4.23 124.132 75.865
+ 16.08 4.23 124.132 25.518
10 - 5.27 1.30 171.725 288.847
+ 12.00 1.30 171.725 74.126
- 5.47 1.30 160.536 253.846
+ 11.63 1.30 160.536 74.068
11 - 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
- 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
12 - 5.96 1.30 139.949 188.652
+ 10.81 1.30 139.949 73.933
- 5.96 1.30 139.949 188.652
+ 10.81 1.30 139.949 73.933
13 - 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
- 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
14 - 5.47 1.30 160.536 253.846
+ 11.63 1.30 160.536 74.068
- 5.47 1.30 160.536 253.846
+ 11.63 1.30 160.536 74.068

5 72
5.1 ()
15 - 8.68 4.23 124.132 75.865
+ 16.08 4.23 124.132 25.518
- 9.03 4.23 120.817 67.175
+ 15.59 4.23 120.817 25.496
16 - 10.92 4.23 145.900 78.955
+ 12.21 4.23 145.900 65.451
- 9.03 4.23 133.305 78.172
+ 15.31 4.23 133.305 31.055
17 - 5.17 1.30 177.543 306.941
+ 12.18 1.30 177.543 74.152
- 4.97 1.30 191.864 351.192
+ 12.59 1.30 191.864 74.208
18 - 11.47 4.20 150.081 68.458
+ 11.74 4.20 150.081 65.814
- 9.93 4.20 133.864 58.981
+ 14.22 4.20 133.864 31.222
19 - 4.97 1.30 191.416 349.815
+ 12.58 1.30 191.416 74.207
- 4.97 1.30 191.416 349.815
+ 12.58 1.30 191.416 74.207
20 - 9.93 4.20 133.864 58.981
+ 14.22 4.20 133.864 31.222
- 9.49 4.20 137.242 67.826
+ 14.73 4.20 137.242 31.260
21 - 4.97 1.30 191.864 351.192
+ 12.59 1.30 191.864 74.208
- 5.17 1.30 177.543 306.941
+ 12.18 1.30 177.543 74.152
22 - 10.92 4.23 145.900 78.955
+ 12.21 4.23 145.900 65.451
- 10.92 4.23 145.900 78.955
+ 12.21 4.23 145.900 65.451
23 - - - - - -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - -
+ - - - - -
24 - - - - - -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - -
+ - - - - -
25 - - - - - -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - -
+ - - - - -
26 - - - - - -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - -
+ - - - - -
27 - - - - - -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - -
+ - - - - -
28 - - - - - -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - -
+ - - - - -

5 73
5.2 1
1 - 9.37 4.07 156.606 73.231
+ 14.90 4.07 156.606 32.297
- 11.11 4.07 225.980 109.467
+ 11.49 4.07 225.980 103.656
2 - 9.37 4.07 156.606 73.231
+ 14.90 4.07 156.606 32.297
- 11.11 4.07 225.980 109.467
+ 11.49 4.07 225.980 103.656
3 - 10.06 4.07 172.781 91.033
+ 13.32 4.07 172.781 56.555
- 10.06 4.07 172.781 91.033
+ 13.32 4.07 172.781 56.555
4 - 10.06 4.07 172.781 91.033
+ 13.32 4.07 172.781 56.555
- 10.06 4.07 172.781 91.033
+ 13.32 4.07 172.781 56.555
5 - 10.06 4.07 172.781 91.033
+ 13.32 4.07 172.781 56.555
- 10.06 4.07 172.781 91.033
+ 13.32 4.07 172.781 56.555
6 - 10.06 4.07 172.781 91.033
+ 13.32 4.07 172.781 56.555
- 10.06 4.07 172.781 91.033
+ 13.32 4.07 172.781 56.555
7 - 9.37 4.07 156.606 73.231
+ 14.90 4.07 156.606 32.297
- 11.11 4.07 225.980 109.467
+ 11.49 4.07 225.980 103.656
8 - 9.37 4.07 156.606 73.231
+ 14.90 4.07 156.606 32.297
- 11.11 4.07 225.980 109.467
+ 11.49 4.07 225.980 103.656
9 - 11.02 4.23 140.704 79.448
+ 12.07 4.23 140.704 68.132
- 8.68 4.23 124.132 75.865
+ 16.08 4.23 124.132 25.518
10 - 5.27 1.30 171.725 288.847
+ 12.00 1.30 171.725 74.126
- 5.47 1.30 160.536 253.846
+ 11.63 1.30 160.536 74.068
11 - 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
- 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
12 - 5.96 1.30 139.949 188.652
+ 10.81 1.30 139.949 73.933
- 5.96 1.30 139.949 188.652
+ 10.81 1.30 139.949 73.933
13 - 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
- 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
14 - 5.47 1.30 160.536 253.846
+ 11.63 1.30 160.536 74.068
- 5.27 1.30 171.725 288.847
+ 12.00 1.30 171.725 74.126

5 74
5.2 () 1
15 - 8.21 4.23 129.269 89.219
+ 16.77 4.23 129.269 25.547
- 11.02 4.23 140.704 79.448
+ 12.07 4.23 140.704 68.132
16 - 10.92 4.23 145.900 78.955
+ 12.21 4.23 145.900 65.451
- 10.80 4.23 120.710 44.774
+ 13.29 4.23 120.710 30.910
17 - 5.17 1.30 177.543 306.941
+ 12.18 1.30 177.543 74.152
- 4.97 1.30 191.864 351.192
+ 12.59 1.30 191.864 74.208
18 - 9.49 4.20 137.242 67.826
+ 14.73 4.20 137.242 31.260
- 9.93 4.20 133.864 58.981
+ 14.22 4.20 133.864 31.222
19 - 4.97 1.30 191.416 349.815
+ 12.58 1.30 191.416 74.207
- 4.97 1.30 191.416 349.815
+ 12.58 1.30 191.416 74.207
20 - 9.93 4.20 133.864 58.981
+ 14.22 4.20 133.864 31.222
- 9.49 4.20 137.242 67.826
+ 14.73 4.20 137.242 31.260
21 - 4.97 1.30 191.864 351.192
+ 12.59 1.30 191.864 74.208
- 5.17 1.30 177.543 306.941
+ 12.18 1.30 177.543 74.152
22 - 10.80 4.23 120.710 44.774
+ 13.29 4.23 120.710 30.910
- 10.92 4.23 145.900 78.955
+ 12.21 4.23 145.900 65.451
23 - 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
+ 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
- 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
+ 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
24 - 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
+ 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
- 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
+ 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
25 - 10.53 2.40 214.702 185.485
+ 10.87 2.40 214.702 175.640
- 11.67 2.40 233.846 171.093
+ 8.58 2.40 233.846 233.647
26 - 10.53 2.40 214.702 185.485
+ 10.87 2.40 214.702 175.640
- 11.67 2.40 233.846 171.093
+ 8.58 2.40 233.846 233.647
27 - 10.53 2.40 214.702 185.485
+ 10.87 2.40 214.702 175.640
- 11.67 2.40 233.846 171.093
+ 8.58 2.40 233.846 233.647
28 - 10.53 2.40 214.702 185.485
+ 10.87 2.40 214.702 175.640
- 11.67 2.40 233.846 171.093
+ 8.58 2.40 233.846 233.647

5 75
5.3 2
1 - 8.76 4.07 141.828 89.473
+ 15.68 4.07 141.828 32.354
- 7.02 4.07 228.962 164.909
+ 18.39 4.07 228.962 32.514
2 - 8.76 4.07 141.828 89.473
+ 15.68 4.07 141.828 32.354
- 7.02 4.07 228.962 164.909
+ 18.39 4.07 228.962 32.514
3 - 9.67 4.07 207.468 125.769
+ 13.31 4.07 207.468 74.729
- 9.67 4.07 207.468 125.769
+ 13.31 4.07 207.468 74.729
4 - 9.67 4.07 207.468 125.769
+ 13.31 4.07 207.468 74.729
- 9.67 4.07 207.468 125.769
+ 13.31 4.07 207.468 74.729
5 - 9.67 4.07 207.468 125.769
+ 13.31 4.07 207.468 74.729
- 9.67 4.07 207.468 125.769
+ 13.31 4.07 207.468 74.729
6 - 9.67 4.07 207.468 125.769
+ 13.31 4.07 207.468 74.729
- 9.67 4.07 207.468 125.769
+ 13.31 4.07 207.468 74.729
7 - 8.76 4.07 130.432 89.473
+ 15.68 4.07 130.432 32.354
- 7.02 4.07 228.962 164.909
+ 18.39 4.07 228.962 32.514
8 - 8.76 4.07 130.432 89.473
+ 15.68 4.07 130.432 32.354
- 7.02 4.07 228.962 164.909
+ 18.39 4.07 228.962 32.514
9 - 11.02 4.23 140.704 79.448
+ 12.07 4.23 140.704 68.132
- 8.68 4.23 124.132 75.865
+ 16.08 4.23 124.132 25.518
10 - 5.27 1.30 171.725 288.847
+ 12.00 1.30 171.725 74.126
- 5.47 1.30 160.536 253.846
+ 11.63 1.30 160.536 74.068
11 - 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
- 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
12 - 5.96 1.30 139.949 188.652
+ 10.81 1.30 139.949 73.933
- 5.96 1.30 139.949 188.652
+ 10.81 1.30 139.949 73.933
13 - 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
- 9.17 4.20 93.679 44.949
+ 16.03 4.20 93.679 16.326
14 - 5.47 1.30 160.536 253.846
+ 11.63 1.30 160.536 74.068
- 5.47 1.30 160.536 253.846
+ 11.63 1.30 160.536 74.068

5 76
5.3 () 2
15 - 8.68 4.23 124.132 75.865
+ 16.08 4.23 124.132 25.518
- 11.47 4.23 145.013 79.667
+ 11.47 4.23 145.013 79.667
16 - - - - - -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - -
+ - - - - -
17 - 6.10 1.30 135.474 174.325
+ 10.61 1.30 135.474 73.898
- 5.08 1.30 183.361 324.966
+ 12.35 1.30 183.361 74.176
18 - 9.49 4.20 137.242 67.826
+ 14.73 4.20 137.242 31.260
- 9.93 4.20 133.864 58.981
+ 14.22 4.20 133.864 31.222
19 - 4.97 1.30 191.416 349.815
+ 12.58 1.30 191.416 74.207
- 4.97 1.30 191.416 349.815
+ 12.58 1.30 191.416 74.207
20 - 9.93 4.20 133.864 58.981
+ 14.22 4.20 133.864 31.222
- 9.49 4.20 137.242 67.826
+ 14.73 4.20 137.242 31.260
21 - 5.08 1.30 183.361 324.966
+ 12.35 1.30 183.361 74.176
- 6.10 1.30 135.474 174.325
+ 10.61 1.30 135.474 73.898
22 - - - - - -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - -
+ - - - - -
23 - 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
+ 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
- 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
+ 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
24 - 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
+ 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
- 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
+ 10.24 8.47 115.702 22.265
25 - 9.15 2.40 449.182 286.068
+ 12.19 2.40 449.182 177.426
- 12.37 2.40 259.827 171.963
+ 7.95 2.40 259.827 291.072
26 - 9.15 2.40 449.182 286.068
+ 12.19 2.40 449.182 177.426
- 12.37 2.40 259.827 171.963
+ 7.95 2.40 259.827 291.072
27 - 9.15 2.40 449.182 286.068
+ 12.19 2.40 449.182 177.426
- 12.37 2.40 259.827 171.963
+ 7.95 2.40 259.827 291.072
28 - 9.15 2.40 449.182 286.068
+ 12.19 2.40 449.182 177.426
- 12.37 2.40 259.827 171.963
+ 7.95 2.40 259.827 291.072

5 77
5.4
7.50 4.06 163.531 162.288
1
7.60 4.06 160.873 159.164
6.96 4.06 179.302 181.292
2
7.04 4.06 176.821 178.250
7.07 4.06 176.004 177.253
3
7.16 4.06 173.487 174.193
7.06 4.06 176.240 177.540
4
7.15 4.06 173.725 174.482
7.06 4.06 176.236 177.535
5
7.15 4.06 173.722 174.477
7.07 4.06 175.990 177.235
6
7.16 4.06 173.473 174.176
6.95 4.06 179.599 181.658
7
7.03 4.06 177.121 178.617
7.51 4.06 163.244 161.951
8
7.61 4.06 160.583 158.825
6.89 4.06 181.293 183.747
9
6.97 4.06 178.832 180.714
6.40 4.06 195.921 202.176
10
6.48 4.06 193.605 199.212
6.78 4.06 184.583 187.833
11
6.86 4.06 182.156 184.816
6.98 4.06 178.624 180.458
12
7.06 4.06 176.135 177.412
6.98 4.06 178.597 180.426
13
7.07 4.06 176.108 177.379
6.78 4.06 184.509 187.740
14
6.86 4.06 182.081 184.723
6.38 4.06 196.344 202.719
15
6.46 4.06 194.032 199.757
6.90 4.06 180.940 183.311
16
6.98 4.06 178.475 180.276

5 78
5.5 1
8.74 4.06 101.417 86.939
1
8.85 4.06 99.317 84.533
8.18 4.06 112.004 99.360
2
8.28 4.06 110.044 97.023
8.22 4.06 119.677 108.960
3
8.32 4.06 117.704 106.622
8.22 4.06 119.533 108.789
4
8.32 4.06 117.559 106.450
8.22 4.06 119.524 108.778
5
8.32 4.06 117.550 106.439
8.22 4.06 119.679 108.963
6
8.32 4.06 117.707 106.624
8.17 4.06 112.187 99.579
7
8.28 4.06 110.229 97.243
8.75 4.06 101.233 86.727
8
8.86 4.06 99.130 84.320
7.83 4.06 118.945 107.769
9
7.92 4.06 117.068 105.474
7.32 4.06 128.958 120.264
10
7.41 4.06 127.189 118.025
7.83 4.06 127.278 118.127
11
7.93 4.06 125.394 115.832
8.13 4.06 121.303 110.900
12
8.23 4.06 119.350 108.571
8.13 4.06 121.274 110.865
13
8.23 4.06 119.320 108.536
7.83 4.06 127.201 118.033
14
7.93 4.06 125.316 115.737
7.31 4.06 129.254 120.640
15
7.40 4.06 127.488 118.403
7.84 4.06 118.724 107.498
16
7.93 4.06 116.844 105.202

5 79
5.6 2
8.54 5.42 53.984 48.318
1
8.65 5.42 52.692 46.941
8.14 5.42 58.375 53.098
2
8.25 5.42 57.148 51.747
7.43 5.42 68.198 68.460
3
7.53 5.42 66.986 67.128
7.45 5.42 67.935 68.170
4
7.55 5.42 66.721 66.837
7.45 5.42 67.928 68.162
5
7.55 5.42 66.713 66.829
7.43 5.42 68.204 68.467
6
7.53 5.42 66.993 67.135
8.14 5.42 58.428 53.157
7
8.25 5.42 57.202 51.807
8.54 5.42 53.927 48.257
8
8.66 5.42 52.635 46.880
7.81 5.42 62.202 57.382
9
7.91 5.42 61.025 56.053
7.46 5.42 66.313 62.102
10
7.55 5.42 65.185 60.795
6.93 5.42 74.618 75.693
11
7.02 5.42 73.481 74.390
7.23 5.42 70.770 71.323
12
7.32 5.42 69.589 70.003
7.23 5.42 70.755 71.307
13
7.32 5.42 69.575 69.987
6.92 5.42 74.654 75.734
14
7.01 5.42 73.517 74.432
7.45 5.42 66.353 62.149
15
7.55 5.42 65.225 60.841
7.82 5.42 62.131 57.301
16
7.92 5.42 60.952 55.971

5 80
5.7
y res pl/Rd (y)/Rd (rad)

(kNm) (kNm) (rad) (rad) IO LS CP
1 - -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
- -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
2 - -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
- -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
3 - -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
- -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
4 - -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
- -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
5 - -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
- -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
6 - -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
- -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
7 - -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
- -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
8 - -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
- -224.85 -56.21 -0.023 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.023
+ 171.97 42.99 0.027 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.027
9 - -249.11 -62.28 -0.018 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.018
+ 81.04 20.26 0.034 0.052 0.000 0.017 0.034
- -240.87 -60.22 -0.019 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.019
+ 81.02 20.25 0.034 0.051 0.000 0.017 0.034
10 - -167.43 -41.86 -0.012 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.27 18.07 0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
- -156.52 -39.13 -0.012 -0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.22 18.05 0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
11 - -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
- -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
12 - -136.45 -34.11 -0.013 -0.020 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.08 18.02 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
- -136.45 -34.11 -0.013 -0.020 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.08 18.02 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
13 - -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
- -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
14 - -156.52 -39.13 -0.012 -0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.22 18.05 0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
- -156.52 -39.13 -0.012 -0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.22 18.05 0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022

5 81
5.7 ()


15 - -240.87 -60.22 -0.019 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.019
+ 81.02 20.25 0.034 0.051 0.000 0.017 0.034
- -213.28 -53.32 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 80.95 20.24 0.033 0.050 0.000 0.016 0.033
16 - -250.68 -62.67 -0.024 -0.037 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 207.81 51.95 0.026 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.026
- -248.20 -62.05 -0.020 -0.031 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.60 24.65 0.032 0.049 0.000 0.016 0.032
17 - -173.10 -43.28 -0.011 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.30 18.07 0.024 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.024
- -187.07 -46.77 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
18 - -215.64 -53.91 -0.025 -0.038 0.000 -0.012 -0.025
+ 207.31 51.83 0.025 0.039 0.000 0.013 0.025
- -185.79 -46.45 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 98.35 24.59 0.030 0.046 0.000 0.015 0.030
19 - -186.63 -46.66 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
- -186.63 -46.66 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
20 - -185.79 -46.45 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 98.35 24.59 0.030 0.046 0.000 0.015 0.030
- -213.65 -53.41 -0.020 -0.032 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.47 24.62 0.031 0.047 0.000 0.015 0.031
21 - -187.07 -46.77 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
- -173.10 -43.28 -0.011 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.30 18.07 0.024 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.024
22 - -250.68 -62.67 -0.024 -0.037 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 207.81 51.95 0.026 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.026
- -250.68 -62.67 -0.024 -0.037 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 207.81 51.95 0.026 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.026
23 - - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
24 - - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
25 - - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
26 - - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
27 - - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
28 - - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -

5 82
5.8 1

1 - -223.35 -55.84 -0.020 -0.031 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.51 24.63 0.031 0.047 0.000 0.015 0.031
- -333.87 -83.47 -0.024 -0.038 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 316.15 79.04 0.025 0.039 0.000 0.013 0.025
2 - -223.35 -55.84 -0.020 -0.031 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.51 24.63 0.031 0.047 0.000 0.015 0.031
- -333.87 -83.47 -0.024 -0.038 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 316.15 79.04 0.025 0.039 0.000 0.013 0.025
3 - -277.65 -69.41 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 172.49 43.12 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
- -277.65 -69.41 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 172.49 43.12 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
4 - -277.65 -69.41 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 172.49 43.12 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
- -277.65 -69.41 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 172.49 43.12 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
5 - -277.65 -69.41 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 172.49 43.12 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
- -277.65 -69.41 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 172.49 43.12 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
6 - -277.65 -69.41 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 172.49 43.12 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
- -277.65 -69.41 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 172.49 43.12 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
7 - -223.35 -55.84 -0.020 -0.031 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.51 24.63 0.031 0.047 0.000 0.015 0.031
- -333.87 -83.47 -0.024 -0.038 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 316.15 79.04 0.025 0.039 0.000 0.013 0.025
8 - -223.35 -55.84 -0.020 -0.031 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.51 24.63 0.031 0.047 0.000 0.015 0.031
- -333.87 -83.47 -0.024 -0.038 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 316.15 79.04 0.025 0.039 0.000 0.013 0.025
9 - -252.25 -63.06 -0.024 -0.037 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 216.32 54.08 0.026 0.040 0.000 0.013 0.026
- -240.87 -60.22 -0.019 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.019
+ 81.02 20.25 0.034 0.051 0.000 0.017 0.034
10 - -167.43 -41.86 -0.012 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.27 18.07 0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
- -156.52 -39.13 -0.012 -0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.22 18.05 0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
11 - -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
- -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
12 - -136.45 -34.11 -0.013 -0.020 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.08 18.02 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
- -136.45 -34.11 -0.013 -0.020 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.08 18.02 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
13 - -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
- -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
14 - -156.52 -39.13 -0.012 -0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.22 18.05 0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
- -167.43 -41.86 -0.012 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.27 18.07 0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023

5 83
5.8 ()
1

15 - -283.27 -70.82 -0.018 -0.028 0.000 -0.009 -0.018
+ 81.11 20.28 0.035 0.054 0.000 0.017 0.035
- -252.25 -63.06 -0.024 -0.037 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 216.32 54.08 0.026 0.040 0.000 0.013 0.026
16 - -250.68 -62.67 -0.024 -0.037 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 207.81 51.95 0.026 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.026
- -142.16 -35.54 -0.023 -0.035 0.000 -0.011 -0.023
+ 98.14 24.53 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
17 - -173.10 -43.28 -0.011 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.30 18.07 0.024 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.024
- -187.07 -46.77 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
18 - -213.65 -53.41 -0.020 -0.032 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.47 24.62 0.031 0.047 0.000 0.015 0.031
- -185.79 -46.45 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 98.35 24.59 0.030 0.046 0.000 0.015 0.030
19 - -186.63 -46.66 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
- -186.63 -46.66 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
20 - -185.79 -46.45 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 98.35 24.59 0.030 0.046 0.000 0.015 0.030
- -213.65 -53.41 -0.020 -0.032 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.47 24.62 0.031 0.047 0.000 0.015 0.031
21 - -187.07 -46.77 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
- -173.10 -43.28 -0.011 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.30 18.07 0.024 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.024
22 - -142.16 -35.54 -0.023 -0.035 0.000 -0.011 -0.023
+ 98.14 24.53 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.014 0.028
- -250.68 -62.67 -0.024 -0.037 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 207.81 51.95 0.026 0.041 0.000 0.013 0.026
23 - -141.38 -35.34 -0.032 -0.049 0.000 -0.016 -0.032
+ 141.38 35.34 0.032 0.049 0.000 0.016 0.032
- -141.38 -35.34 -0.032 -0.049 0.000 -0.016 -0.032
+ 141.38 35.34 0.032 0.049 0.000 0.016 0.032
24 - -141.38 -35.34 -0.032 -0.049 0.000 -0.016 -0.032
+ 141.38 35.34 0.032 0.049 0.000 0.016 0.032
- -141.38 -35.34 -0.032 -0.049 0.000 -0.016 -0.032
+ 141.38 35.34 0.032 0.049 0.000 0.016 0.032
25 - -333.87 -83.47 -0.020 -0.031 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 316.15 79.04 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
- -307.97 -76.99 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 420.56 105.14 0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
26 - -333.87 -83.47 -0.020 -0.031 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 316.15 79.04 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
- -307.97 -76.99 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 420.56 105.14 0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
27 - -333.87 -83.47 -0.020 -0.031 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 316.15 79.04 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
- -307.97 -76.99 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 420.56 105.14 0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
28 - -333.87 -83.47 -0.020 -0.031 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 316.15 79.04 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
- -307.97 -76.99 -0.022 -0.034 0.000 -0.011 -0.022
+ 420.56 105.14 0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018

5 84
5.9 2

1 - -272.89 -68.22 -0.019 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.019
+ 98.68 24.67 0.032 0.050 0.000 0.016 0.032
- -502.97 -125.74 -0.016 -0.025 0.000 -0.008 -0.016
+ 99.17 24.79 0.038 0.058 0.000 0.019 0.038
2 - -272.89 -68.22 -0.019 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.019
+ 98.68 24.67 0.032 0.050 0.000 0.016 0.032
- -502.97 -125.74 -0.016 -0.025 0.000 -0.008 -0.016
+ 99.17 24.79 0.038 0.058 0.000 0.019 0.038
3 - -383.60 -95.90 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 227.92 56.98 0.028 0.044 0.000 0.014 0.028
- -383.60 -95.90 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 227.92 56.98 0.028 0.044 0.000 0.014 0.028
4 - -383.60 -95.90 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 227.92 56.98 0.028 0.044 0.000 0.014 0.028
- -383.60 -95.90 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 227.92 56.98 0.028 0.044 0.000 0.014 0.028
5 - -383.60 -95.90 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 227.92 56.98 0.028 0.044 0.000 0.014 0.028
- -383.60 -95.90 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 227.92 56.98 0.028 0.044 0.000 0.014 0.028
6 - -383.60 -95.90 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 227.92 56.98 0.028 0.044 0.000 0.014 0.028
- -383.60 -95.90 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 227.92 56.98 0.028 0.044 0.000 0.014 0.028
7 - -272.89 -68.22 -0.019 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.019
+ 98.68 24.67 0.032 0.050 0.000 0.016 0.032
- -502.97 -125.74 -0.016 -0.025 0.000 -0.008 -0.016
+ 99.17 24.79 0.038 0.058 0.000 0.019 0.038
8 - -272.89 -68.22 -0.019 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.019
+ 98.68 24.67 0.032 0.050 0.000 0.016 0.032
- -502.97 -125.74 -0.016 -0.025 0.000 -0.008 -0.016
+ 99.17 24.79 0.038 0.058 0.000 0.019 0.038
9 - -252.25 -63.06 -0.024 -0.037 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 216.32 54.08 0.026 0.040 0.000 0.013 0.026
- -240.87 -60.22 -0.019 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.019
+ 81.02 20.25 0.034 0.051 0.000 0.017 0.034
10 - -167.43 -41.86 -0.012 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.27 18.07 0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
- -156.52 -39.13 -0.012 -0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.22 18.05 0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
11 - -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
- -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
12 - -136.45 -34.11 -0.013 -0.020 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.08 18.02 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
- -136.45 -34.11 -0.013 -0.020 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.08 18.02 0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
13 - -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
- -141.59 -35.40 -0.019 -0.030 0.000 -0.010 -0.019
+ 51.43 12.86 0.033 0.051 0.000 0.016 0.033
14 - -156.52 -39.13 -0.012 -0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.22 18.05 0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
- -156.52 -39.13 -0.012 -0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.22 18.05 0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022

5 85
5.9 ()
2

15 - -240.87 -60.22 -0.019 -0.029 0.000 -0.009 -0.019
+ 81.02 20.25 0.034 0.051 0.000 0.017 0.034
- -252.94 -63.24 -0.025 -0.039 0.000 -0.013 -0.025
+ 252.94 63.24 0.025 0.039 0.000 0.013 0.025
16 - - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
17 - -132.09 -33.02 -0.013 -0.020 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.05 18.01 0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
- -178.78 -44.69 -0.011 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.32 18.08 0.024 0.037 0.000 0.012 0.024
18 - -213.65 -53.41 -0.020 -0.032 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.47 24.62 0.031 0.047 0.000 0.015 0.031
- -185.79 -46.45 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 98.35 24.59 0.030 0.046 0.000 0.015 0.030
19 - -186.63 -46.66 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
- -186.63 -46.66 -0.011 -0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.35 18.09 0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
20 - -185.79 -46.45 -0.021 -0.033 0.000 -0.011 -0.021
+ 98.35 24.59 0.030 0.046 0.000 0.015 0.030
- -213.65 -53.41 -0.020 -0.032 0.000 -0.010 -0.020
+ 98.47 24.62 0.031 0.047 0.000 0.015 0.031
21 - -178.78 -44.69 -0.011 -0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.32 18.08 0.024 0.037 0.000 0.012 0.024
- -132.09 -33.02 -0.013 -0.020 0.000 0.000 0.000
+ 72.05 18.01 0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
22 - - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - - -
23 - -141.38 -35.34 -0.032 -0.049 0.000 -0.016 -0.032
+ 141.38 35.34 0.032 0.049 0.000 0.016 0.032
- -141.38 -35.34 -0.032 -0.049 0.000 -0.016 -0.032
+ 141.38 35.34 0.032 0.049 0.000 0.016 0.032
24 - -141.38 -35.34 -0.032 -0.049 0.000 -0.016 -0.032
+ 141.38 35.34 0.032 0.049 0.000 0.016 0.032
- -141.38 -35.34 -0.032 -0.049 0.000 -0.016 -0.032
+ 141.38 35.34 0.032 0.049 0.000 0.016 0.032
25 - -514.92 -128.73 -0.018 -0.028 0.000 -0.009 -0.018
+ 319.37 79.84 0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
- -309.53 -77.38 -0.024 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 467.69 116.92 0.018 0.027 0.000 0.000 0.000
26 - -514.92 -128.73 -0.018 -0.028 0.000 -0.009 -0.018
+ 319.37 79.84 0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
- -309.53 -77.38 -0.024 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 467.69 116.92 0.018 0.027 0.000 0.000 0.000
27 - -514.92 -128.73 -0.018 -0.028 0.000 -0.009 -0.018
+ 319.37 79.84 0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
- -309.53 -77.38 -0.024 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 467.69 116.92 0.018 0.027 0.000 0.000 0.000
28 - -514.92 -128.73 -0.018 -0.028 0.000 -0.009 -0.018
+ 319.37 79.84 0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
- -309.53 -77.38 -0.024 -0.036 0.000 -0.012 -0.024
+ 467.69 116.92 0.018 0.027 0.000 0.000 0.000

5 86
5.10
pl/Rd (y)/Rd (rad)

(rad) (rad) IO LS CP
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
1
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
2
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
3
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
4
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
5
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
6
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
7
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
8
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
9
0.019 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.019
0.017 0.027 0.000 0.009 0.017
10
0.017 0.028 0.000 0.009 0.017
0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
11
0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
0.019 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.019
12
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
0.019 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.019
13
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
14
0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
0.017 0.027 0.000 0.009 0.017
15
0.017 0.028 0.000 0.009 0.017
0.018 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.018
16
0.019 0.029 0.000 0.009 0.019

5 87
5.10 1
pl/Rd (y)/Rd (rad)

0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
1
0.021 0.033 0.000 0.010 0.021
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
2
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
3
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
4
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
5
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
6
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
7
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.021 0.032 0.000 0.010 0.021
8
0.021 0.033 0.000 0.010 0.021
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
9
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.010 0.019
0.018 0.028 0.000 0.009 0.018
10
0.018 0.028 0.000 0.009 0.018
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
11
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.010 0.019
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
12
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
13
0.020 0.031 0.000 0.010 0.020
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
14
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.010 0.019
0.018 0.028 0.000 0.009 0.018
15
0.018 0.028 0.000 0.009 0.018
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.009 0.019
16
0.019 0.030 0.000 0.010 0.019

5 88
5.12 2
pl/Rd (y)/Rd (rad)

0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
1
0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
2
0.023 0.037 0.000 0.012 0.023
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.011 0.023
3
0.023 0.037 0.000 0.012 0.023
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
4
0.023 0.037 0.000 0.012 0.023
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
5
0.023 0.037 0.000 0.012 0.023
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.011 0.023
6
0.023 0.037 0.000 0.012 0.023
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.012 0.023
7
0.023 0.037 0.000 0.012 0.023
0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
8
0.024 0.038 0.000 0.012 0.024
0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
9
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.011 0.023
0.022 0.034 0.000 0.011 0.022
10
0.022 0.034 0.000 0.011 0.022
0.022 0.034 0.000 0.011 0.022
11
0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
0.022 0.036 0.000 0.011 0.022
12
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.011 0.023
0.022 0.036 0.000 0.011 0.022
13
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.011 0.023
0.022 0.034 0.000 0.011 0.022
14
0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
0.022 0.034 0.000 0.011 0.022
15
0.022 0.034 0.000 0.011 0.022
0.022 0.035 0.000 0.011 0.022
16
0.023 0.036 0.000 0.011 0.023

5 89
5.3
,
(1.1G+0.5Q).
,
(x y).
,
,
.
5.1 5.2
(PUSH_VERT_X
PUSH_VERT_Y). :
1.1G+0.5Q .
.

(Unload Entire Structure).
.
5.1 PUSH_VERT_X

5 90
5.2 PUSH_VERT_Y

.
.
, , ()
. Fx x
1 Fy y
2 . ,
5.13 5.14.
5.13 Fx
x
1 1 Fx (kN)
435.05 1200 522056.8 167.46
1 447.51 2644 1183216.1 379.54
2 322.57 4378 1412197.3 452.99
1205.12 3117470.2 1000
5.14 Fy
y
2 2 Fy (kN)
435.05 981 426781.4 137.93
1 447.51 2898 1296883.7 419.13
2 322.57 4249 1370586.2 442.95
1205.12 3094251.3 1000

5 91
,
( - )
. ,
,
100%
30% .
,
Fx Fy,
5.15.
,

.
5.15
x y
Fx + 0.3Fy Fy + 0.3Fx
Fx - 0.3Fy Fy - 0.3Fx
-Fx + 0.3Fy -Fy + 0.3Fx
-Fx - 0.3Fy -Fy - 0.3Fx

,
.
.

. 5.3
5.4
.
V-

. ,
150% ,
. , ,
,
. 5.5 5.6

5 92

SAP2000 5.15.
5.3
Fx+0.3Fy
5.4
Fy - 0.3Fx

5 93
1800
1600
1400
1200
Fx+0.3Fy
V (kN)
1000
Fx-0.3Fy
800 -Fx+0.3Fy
-Fx-0.3Fy
600
400
200
0
0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20
(m)
5.5 V- x
2400
2200
2000
1800
1600
1400 Fy+0.3Fx
V (kN)
1200 Fy-0.3Fx
-Fy+0.3Fx
1000
-Fy-0.3Fx
800
600
400
200
0
0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25
(m)
5.6 V- y
V-
()
0 u, u
, .
V=0,6Vy =u.
, x, y
V-,
. , x
Fx+0.3Fy, y
Fy - 0.3Fx,
( 5.7 5.8).

5 94
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
V (kN)
800
600
400
200
0
0,00 0,04 0,08 0,12 0,16 0,20
(m)
5.7 V- ( Fx+0.3Fy)
2200
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
V (kN)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 0,30
(m)
5.8 V- ( Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.4
t :
t = C0C1C2C3 (Te/2)2 e, :
Te = T K 0 /K e :
.
T: .
K0: , K0 = V/.
Ke:
V-.

5 95
e:
(EAK2000/2003, 2.3 , , ,
=5%).
C0:

.
C1:
.
C2:
.
C3:
2 (-).
C0 1.0, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5
1, 2, 3, 5 10 .
C1 :
C1 =1.0 e2
C1 =[1.0 + (R-1)2/e]/R e<2, :
T2: (T2=0.6
sec ).
R:
.
R :
R= Cm ( e /g)/(Vy /W) , :
e: .
Vy: .
W: .
g: .
Cm: , 0.9
, 0.8 /
1.0 .
C2 5.16.
1 (.. 1985

5 96
2),
( 2).
5.16 C2
=0,1s TT2

1 2 1 2
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.3 1.0 1.1 1.0

1.5 1.0 1.2 1.0

C3
[.5.7.4.2.]:
C3= 1+5(-0.1)/e, :
: . <0.1 C3=1.0.

Fx+0.3Fy, ,
x ( 1 ):
T = 0.5887 sec
K0 = 81273.398 kN/m
Vy = 1517.28 kN
Ke = 78511.589 kN/m
Te = 0.5990 sec
e = 0.169.811.151.02.5 = 4.5126 m/sec2 ( e = 0)
C0 = 1.3 ( )
Cm = 0.9 ( )
W = 11822.3 kN
R = Cm ( e /g)/(Vy /W) = 3.23
C1 = [1.0 + (R-1)2/e]/R = 1.001 e = 0.5990 < 2 ( , 2=0.6 sec)

C2 = 1.1045 ( 1, ,
0.1 sec < = 0.5887 sec < T2 = 0.6 sec, 5.16)
C2 = 1.00 ( , 5.16)
C3 = 1.0 ( <0.1 )
, x :
t = 0.059 m,

5 97
t = 0.053 m, .
V- ( Fx+0.3Fy) x
( 5.7) 0.096 m,

.
,
Fy - 0.3Fx, ,
y ( 2
):
T = 0.4226 sec
K0 = 128339.915 kN/m
Vy = 1957.59 kN
Ke = 110123.199 kN/m
Te = 0.4562 sec
e = 0.169.811.151.02.5 = 4.5126 m/sec2 ( e = 0)
C0 = 1.3 ( )
Cm = 0.9 ( )
W = 11822.3 kN
R = Cm ( e /g)/(Vy /W) = 2.5
C1 = [1.0 + (R-1)2/e]/R = 1.189 e = 0.4562 < 2 ( , 2=0.6 sec)

C2 = 1.171 ( 1, ,
0.1 sec < = 0.4226 sec < T2 = 0.6 sec, 5.16)
C2 = 1.00 ( , 5.16)
C3 = 1.0 ( <0.1 )
, y :
t = 0.043 m,
t = 0.037 m, .
V- ( Fy - 0.3Fx)
y ( 5.8) 0.191 m,

.

5 98
5.5
5.17 5.22
. ,
dx dy
pl pl
Fx + 0.3Fy Fy - 0.3Fx
av
pl , .

.
5.9 5.56, ( )

,
.
, (
)
.
y ( VR/VMu)
,
.
.
. , (
SAP2000)
.
,
,

.
,

,
5.17 5.22.
,
( 5.23 5.25), .

5 99
(Vsd)
(Fx + 0.3Fy Fy - 0.3Fx), (VR)

( ).
,
(
).
,
1 ( )
, 10, 12, 14,
17, 19 21
( ). , 76
12 ( 15.8% ).
,

.
, .
,
.
, 1 ( )
,
. 76
48 ( 63.2% ), 96
71 ( 74.0% ).

, . , .
.

. ,
, .
,
5.57 5.58.

5 100
5.17

/
dx
pl dy
pl av
pl dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
1 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0023 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0019 0.000 OXI
- 0.0000 -0.0036 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 -0.0032 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
2 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0023 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0020 0.000 OXI
- -0.0001 -0.0038 -0.012 NAI -0.0001 -0.0034 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
3 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0023 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0020 0.000 OXI
- -0.0001 -0.0038 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 -0.0035 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
4 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0022 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0020 0.000 OXI
- -0.0003 -0.0035 -0.012 NAI -0.0002 -0.0032 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
5 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0022 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0020 0.000 OXI
- -0.0002 -0.0036 -0.012 NAI -0.0001 -0.0033 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
6 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0020 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0018 0.000 OXI
- -0.0004 -0.0034 -0.012 NAI -0.0003 -0.0032 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
7 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0019 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0018 0.000 OXI
- -0.0003 -0.0035 -0.012 NAI -0.0002 -0.0033 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
8 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0017 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0016 0.000 OXI
- -0.0003 -0.0030 -0.012 NAI -0.0002 -0.0028 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
9 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0062 0.0000 0.017 NAI 0.0055 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0042 0.0000 -0.009 NAI -0.0035 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.017 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
10 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0050 0.0000 0.012 NAI 0.0042 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0064 0.0000 0.000 OXI -0.0056 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.011 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
11 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0054 0.0000 0.016 NAI 0.0047 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0058 0.0000 -0.010 NAI -0.0051 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
12 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0064 0.0000 0.010 NAI 0.0056 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0068 0.0000 0.000 OXI -0.0060 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
13 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0057 0.0000 0.016 NAI 0.0050 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0057 0.0000 -0.010 NAI -0.0050 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
14 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0062 0.0000 0.011 NAI 0.0054 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0062 0.0000 0.000 OXI -0.0054 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.011 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI

5 101
5.17 ()

/
dx
pl dy
pl av
pl dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
15 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0052 0.0000 0.017 NAI 0.0045 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0053 0.0000 -0.010 NAI -0.0046 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
16 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0053 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0046 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0046 0.0000 -0.010 NAI -0.0039 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
17 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0050 0.0000 0.012 NAI 0.0042 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0049 0.0000 0.000 OXI -0.0041 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
18 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0036 0.0000 0.013 NAI 0.0029 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0055 0.0000 -0.011 NAI -0.0048 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
19 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0058 0.0000 0.012 NAI 0.0050 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0060 0.0000 0.000 OXI -0.0052 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
20 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0050 0.0000 0.015 NAI 0.0043 0.0000 0.000 OXI
- -0.0051 0.0000 -0.010 NAI -0.0044 0.0000 0.000 OXI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
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5 104
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5 105
5.19 () 2

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5 106
5.20

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5 107
5.21 1

dx
pl dy
pl av
pl dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
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5 108
5.22 2

dx
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pl av
pl dx
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pl av
pl
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7
0.0010 0.0000 0.012 0.0009 0.0000 0.000
0.0013 0.0000 0.012 0.0012 0.0000 0.000
8
0.0015 0.0000 0.012 0.0014 0.0000 0.000
0.0000 0.0000 0.011 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
9
0.0000 0.0007 0.011 0.0000 0.0002 0.000
0.0013 0.0000 0.011 0.0013 0.0000 0.000
10
0.0010 0.0011 0.011 0.0010 0.0006 0.000
0.0000 0.0000 0.011 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
11
0.0004 0.0018 0.011 0.0004 0.0012 0.000
0.0010 0.0000 0.011 0.0009 0.0000 0.000
12
0.0009 0.0022 0.011 0.0009 0.0015 0.000
0.0000 0.0000 0.011 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
13
0.0006 0.0023 0.011 0.0005 0.0016 0.000
0.0008 0.0000 0.011 0.0007 0.0000 0.000
14
0.0008 0.0024 0.011 0.0007 0.0016 0.000
0.0000 0.0000 0.011 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
15
0.0006 0.0020 0.011 0.0005 0.0013 0.000
0.0007 0.0000 0.011 0.0007 0.0000 0.000
16
0.0000 0.0020 0.011 0.0000 0.0010 0.000

5 109
(LS)
5.9 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 110
5.10 1 - 9 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.11 2 10 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 111
5.12 3 11 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.13 4 12 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 112
5.14 5 13 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.15 6 14 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 113
5.16 7 15 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.17 8 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 114
5.18 1 8 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.19 9 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.20 23 24 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 115
5.21 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 116
5.22 1 9 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.23 2 10 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 117
5.24 3 11 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.25 4 12 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 118
5.26 5 13 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.27 6 14 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 119
5.28 7 15 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.29 8 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 120
5.30 1 8 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.31 9 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.32 23 24 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 121
(IO)
5.33 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 122
5.34 1 - 9 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.35 2 10 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 123
5.36 3 11 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.37 4 12 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 124
5.38 5 13 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.39 6 14 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 125
5.40 7 15 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.41 8 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 126
5.42 1 8 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.43 9 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
5.44 23 24 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5 127
5.45 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 128
5.46 1 9 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.47 2 10 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 129
5.48 3 11 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.49 4 12 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 130
5.50 5 13 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.51 6 14 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 131
5.52 7 15 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.53 8 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 132
5.54 1 8 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.55 9 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
5.56 23 24 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5 133
5.23

Vsd (kN)
B B VR (kN)
B B Vsd (kN)
B B VR (kN)
B B
54.411 173.615 125.792 260.425
1
54.411 173.992 125.792 259.190
117.352 192.754 133.822 293.345
2
117.352 194.356 133.822 293.805
89.472 206.810 111.565 263.345
3
89.472 207.371 111.565 261.873
87.906 188.718 123.769 285.690
4
87.906 189.579 123.769 285.155
85.239 208.021 114.152 265.598
5
85.239 208.389 114.152 263.885
89.808 186.761 125.525 284.407
6
89.808 187.627 125.525 283.894
98.233 210.378 127.461 279.854
7
98.233 210.988 127.461 278.607
95.890 195.391 121.019 241.903
8
95.890 196.268 121.019 240.708
79.794 204.994 127.449 343.724
9
79.794 205.546 127.449 343.186
124.248 216.380 121.331 369.779
10
124.248 217.821 121.331 370.496
128.574 225.508 127.973 331.551
11
128.574 226.794 127.973 331.583
100.923 199.703 128.690 340.246
12
100.923 200.881 128.690 340.562
103.953 219.102 129.406 323.306
13
103.953 219.858 129.406 322.638
106.901 203.657 130.203 351.667
14
106.901 204.869 130.203 352.085
129.854 233.791 135.148 356.224
15
129.854 234.789 135.148 356.029
102.962 222.211 131.552 326.559
16
102.962 222.793 131.552 325.660

5 134
5.24 1 P P

Vsd (kN)
B B VR (kN)
B B Vsd (kN)
B B VR (kN)
B B
52.604 109.427 84.318 145.388
1
52.604 103.987 84.318 138.195
77.675 125.434 92.401 160.619
2
77.675 119.407 92.401 152.640
85.684 140.169 98.432 160.404
3
85.684 136.545 98.432 155.215
83.313 134.075 103.035 167.551
4
83.313 128.027 103.035 159.620
83.605 141.612 97.043 161.503
5
83.605 138.812 97.043 157.307
83.641 132.408 100.571 167.786
6
83.641 126.706 100.571 160.305
84.704 132.231 88.487 156.062
7
84.704 127.875 88.487 149.976
76.793 122.209 80.414 135.248
8
76.793 116.702 80.414 127.571
75.214 134.580 108.617 194.149
9
75.214 129.317 108.617 187.381
86.465 142.384 124.200 206.845
10
86.465 136.769 124.200 199.666
92.377 154.685 127.843 199.594
11
92.377 150.250 127.843 193.720
84.432 138.278 132.479 196.798
12
84.432 131.312 132.479 188.053
87.749 146.835 127.139 192.374
13
87.749 141.940 127.139 185.966
88.115 142.926 133.098 206.102
14
88.115 136.306 133.098 197.809
94.762 152.563 118.030 202.795
15
94.762 148.058 118.030 196.817
91.199 142.919 120.845 186.869
16
91.199 137.663 120.845 179.915

5 135
5.25 2 P P

Vsd (kN)
B B VR (kN)
B B Vsd (kN)
B B VR (kN)
B B
37.847 63.198 17.563 99.804
1
37.847 61.503 17.563 96.606
43.695 69.563 20.381 106.355
2
43.695 68.415 20.381 103.966
35.507 80.922 52.554 117.376
3
35.507 79.419 52.554 114.477
56.428 83.105 56.840 116.967
4
56.428 81.376 56.840 113.694
30.230 80.625 58.026 118.622
5
30.230 78.843 58.026 115.339
55.755 82.957 55.238 117.817
6
55.755 81.301 55.238 114.664
41.530 69.260 21.438 107.976
7
41.530 67.533 21.438 104.722
41.048 65.944 21.877 95.516
8
41.048 64.548 21.877 92.639
33.909 73.761 55.003 126.525
9
33.909 72.242 55.003 123.760
47.967 76.820 66.674 133.750
10
47.967 75.814 66.674 131.809
47.945 89.712 82.412 145.671
11
47.945 87.549 82.412 142.013
53.870 86.052 80.927 135.361
12
53.870 84.176 80.927 132.062
46.359 84.345 84.622 139.454
13
46.359 81.796 84.622 135.252
55.503 87.751 83.522 144.046
14
55.503 85.664 83.522 140.512
48.961 80.384 67.880 134.919
15
48.961 78.313 67.880 131.283
46.206 74.503 67.514 125.383
16
46.206 72.715 67.514 122.173

5 136
15,8%
84,2%
0,0%
100,0%

5.57 (%) 1

5 137
36,8%
63,2%
26,0%
74,0%
5.58 (%) 1

5 138

6 139
6.1
1
( ) . ,

x (10, 12, 14, 17, 19, 21) .

,
.
U
.
,

.

.
6.2

,
(VRd3) :
VRd 3 = Vcd + Vwd + V jd ( 8.12 )
:
Vcd Vwd
.
Vjd .
V jd = jd j bw h j ,ef (cot + cot a ) sin 2 a ( 8.13 )
:
jd
.
j .

6 140
bw .
h j ,ef ( ) .
.
, 45.

.
:
2A j
j = ( 8.8 )
s j b w sin
: A j = t j w j
t j .
w j s j
.
Aj
t j = , wj = s j
sj
= 45 o = 90 o :
2 Aj
V jd = jd j b w h j,e f = h j,ef jd ( 8.9 )
sj
hj,ef = (2/3)d d .
,
.
, . (8.13)
( j).
jd , ,
j ,crit j ,crit
, .
jd
:
()
, :

6 141
1
jd f jk , ( 8.14 )
m
:
f jk

m .
m = = 1.2
( 4.5.3.2)
f jk = E j j, crit ,
E j .
,

( ),

. ,
:
j, crit = k j, max ,
k
k = .
:
j,max = ju 1.5% ,
:
ju
(
6.2.3 =1 < 4).
j,max = 1.5%

( Vcd ) ,
.

6 142
()

:
jd j,crit : Rd , ( 8.15 )
:
Rd
.
,
.
,
( 150mm)
.
Rd 1.2.
j, crit j, crit
. :
j, crit = k j, max
:
L
k = 0,525 = av < 0,5 ,
Le
k v = 0, 40 + 0, 25 0,8 , > 0,5 ,
:
Lav = h j,ef
L e (.

) (8.4):
Ej tj
Le = (MPa, mm)
2 f ctm
b .
j ,max = Le ( 8.10 )
tj
b . f ctm

6 143
t j . k
t j1 , t j = k t j1 ,
1 ( 6.2.3).
= w L
wj
2
s j sin a
w = ,
wj
1+
s j sin a
1

2

L = sin (2 ) ,
2
,
L = 1 1,0 .

, .
6.1 ( SIKA)

wj tj
Ej
ju (mm) (mm)
(GPa)
(-)
SikaWrap Hex-100G 72.4 0.037 600 0.36

, :
:
ju = 0.037
jmax = ju = 10.037 = 0.037 > 1.5% = 0.015 jmax = 0.015
jcrit = kv jmax = 0.50.015 = 0.0075
fjk = Ej jcrit = 72.40.0075 = 0.543 GPa
jd = fjk / m = 0.543/1.2 = 0.4525 GPa = 452.5 MPa

6 144

:
3.13
(. . )
jmax = 2000 MPa.
jcrit = kvjmax = 0.5252000 = 1050 MPa (
kv = 0.525)
jd = jcrit / Rd = 1050/1.2 = 875 MPa
jd
, jd = 452.5 MPa.
:
d = 0.75 0.035 = 0.715 m
hj,ef = (2/3)d = (2/3)0.715 = 0.48 m
2 Aj 2t j sj
V jd = jd j bw h j , ef = h j , ef jd = h j , ef jd =
sj sj
= 2 t j h j , ef jd = 2 0.36 10 3 0.48 452.5 10 3 = 156.384 kN
,
10, 12, 14, 17, 19 21
1 , 2
( Vw 312,768 kN) 17,
19 21 1 ( Vw 156,384 kN)
10, 12 14.
6.2 6.3
1
, .
(
). 5 6 ,

, VR VR ,
. , ,

VMu.
6.1 .

6 145
6.1
6.2
VR VR VMu

(kN) (kN) (kN)
10 - 1 171,725 296,832 288,847
+ 1 171,725 296,832 74,126
- 1 160,536 285,643 253,846
+ 1 160,536 285,643 74,068
12 - 1 139,949 265,057 188,652
+ 1 139,949 265,057 73,933
- 1 139,949 265,057 188,652
+ 1 139,949 265,057 73,933
14 - 1 160,536 285,643 253,846
+ 1 160,536 285,643 74,068
- 1 160,536 285,643 253,846
+ 1 160,536 285,643 74,068
17 - 2 177,543 427,757 306,941
+ 2 177,543 427,757 74,152
- 2 191,864 442,078 351,192
+ 2 191,864 442,078 74,208
19 - 2 191,416 441,631 349,815
+ 2 191,416 441,631 74,207
- 2 191,416 441,631 349,815
+ 2 191,416 441,631 74,207
21 - 2 191,864 442,078 351,192
+ 2 191,864 442,078 74,208
- 2 177,543 427,757 306,941
+ 2 177,543 427,757 74,152

6 146
6.3 1
VR VR
VMu (kN)
(kN) (kN)
10 - 1 171,725 296,832 288,847
+ 1 171,725 296,832 74,126
- 1 160,536 285,643 253,846
+ 1 160,536 285,643 74,068
12 - 1 139,949 265,057 188,652
+ 1 139,949 265,057 73,933
- 1 139,949 265,057 188,652
+ 1 139,949 265,057 73,933
14 - 1 160,536 285,643 253,846
+ 1 160,536 285,643 74,068
- 1 171,725 296,832 288,847
+ 1 171,725 296,832 74,126
17 - 2 177,543 427,757 306,941
+ 2 177,543 427,757 74,152
- 2 191,864 442,078 351,192
+ 2 191,864 442,078 74,208
19 - 2 191,416 441,631 349,815
+ 2 191,416 441,631 74,207
- 2 191,416 441,631 349,815
+ 2 191,416 441,631 74,207
21 - 2 191,864 442,078 351,192
+ 2 191,864 442,078 74,208
- 2 177,543 427,757 306,941
+ 2 177,543 427,757 74,152
6.3

4
5.2, ,
, .

6.4 6.5. ,
pl/Rd,
( y)/Rd
y res. ,

, 9 .

6 147
6.4


10 - -281,63 -70,41 -0,011 -0,053 0,000 -0,005 -0,011
+ 72,27 18,07 0,023 0,116 0,000 0,012 0,023
- -247,50 -61,88 -0,011 -0,056 0,000 -0,006 -0,011
+ 72,22 18,05 0,022 0,112 0,000 0,011 0,022
12 - -183,94 -45,98 -0,012 -0,061 0,000 -0,006 -0,012
+ 72,08 18,02 0,021 0,104 0,000 0,010 0,021
- -183,94 -45,98 -0,012 -0,061 0,000 -0,006 -0,012
+ 72,08 18,02 0,021 0,104 0,000 0,010 0,021
14 - -247,50 -61,88 -0,011 -0,056 0,000 -0,006 -0,011
+ 72,22 18,05 0,022 0,112 0,000 0,011 0,022
- -247,50 -61,88 -0,011 -0,056 0,000 -0,006 -0,011
+ 72,22 18,05 0,022 0,112 0,000 0,011 0,022
17 - -299,27 -74,82 -0,011 -0,053 0,000 -0,005 -0,011
+ 72,30 18,07 0,024 0,118 0,000 0,012 0,024
- -342,41 -85,60 -0,010 -0,051 0,000 -0,005 -0,010
+ 72,35 18,09 0,024 0,122 0,000 0,012 0,024
19 - -341,07 -85,27 -0,010 -0,051 0,000 -0,005 -0,010
+ 72,35 18,09 0,024 0,122 0,000 0,012 0,024
- -341,07 -85,27 -0,010 -0,051 0,000 -0,005 -0,010
+ 72,35 18,09 0,024 0,122 0,000 0,012 0,024
21 - -342,41 -85,60 -0,010 -0,051 0,000 -0,005 -0,010
+ 72,35 18,09 0,024 0,122 0,000 0,012 0,024
- -299,27 -74,82 -0,011 -0,053 0,000 -0,005 -0,011
+ 72,30 18,07 0,024 0,118 0,000 0,012 0,024
6.5
1

10 - -281,63 -70,41 -0,011 -0,017 0,000 -0,005 -0,011
+ 72,27 18,07 0,023 0,036 0,000 0,012 0,023
- -247,50 -61,88 -0,011 -0,018 0,000 -0,006 -0,011
+ 72,22 18,05 0,022 0,035 0,000 0,011 0,022
12 - -183,94 -45,98 -0,012 -0,020 0,000 -0,006 -0,012
+ 72,08 18,02 0,021 0,032 0,000 0,010 0,021
- -183,94 -45,98 -0,012 -0,020 0,000 -0,006 -0,012
+ 72,08 18,02 0,021 0,032 0,000 0,010 0,021
14 - -247,50 -61,88 -0,011 -0,018 0,000 -0,006 -0,011
+ 72,22 18,05 0,022 0,035 0,000 0,011 0,022
- -281,63 -70,41 -0,011 -0,017 0,000 -0,005 -0,011
+ 72,27 18,07 0,023 0,036 0,000 0,012 0,023
17 - -299,27 -74,82 -0,011 -0,017 0,000 -0,005 -0,011
+ 72,30 18,07 0,024 0,036 0,000 0,012 0,024
- -342,41 -85,60 -0,010 -0,016 0,000 -0,005 -0,010
+ 72,35 18,09 0,024 0,038 0,000 0,012 0,024
19 - -341,07 -85,27 -0,010 -0,016 0,000 -0,005 -0,010
+ 72,35 18,09 0,024 0,038 0,000 0,012 0,024
- -341,07 -85,27 -0,010 -0,016 0,000 -0,005 -0,010
+ 72,35 18,09 0,024 0,038 0,000 0,012 0,024
21 - -342,41 -85,60 -0,010 -0,016 0,000 -0,005 -0,010
+ 72,35 18,09 0,024 0,038 0,000 0,012 0,024
- -299,27 -74,82 -0,011 -0,017 0,000 -0,005 -0,011
+ 72,30 18,07 0,024 0,036 0,000 0,012 0,024

6 148
6.4
,

5.3.
. 6.2 6.3

SAP2000 5.15.
1800
1600
1400
1200
Fx+0.3Fy
V (kN)
1000
Fx-0.3Fy
800 -Fx+0.3Fy
-Fx-0.3Fy
600
400
200
0
0,00 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,10 0,12 0,14
(m)
6.2 V- x
2400
2200
2000
1800
1600
1400 Fy+0.3Fx
V (kN)
1200 Fy-0.3Fx
-Fy+0.3Fx
1000
-Fy-0.3Fx
800
600
400
200
0
0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25
(m)
6.3 V- y
V-
5.3.
, x, y

6 149
V-,
. x
Fx+0.3Fy, y
Fy - 0.3Fx,
( 6.4 6.5).
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
V (kN)
800
600
400
200
0
0,00 0,04 0,08 0,12
(m)
6.4 V- ( Fx+0.3Fy)
2200
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
V (kN)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25
(m)
6.5 V- ( Fy - 0.3Fx)
6.5
t :
t = C0C1C2C3 (Te/2)2 e,
5.4.

6 150
Fx+0.3Fy,
, x (
1 ):
T = 0.5887 sec
K0 = 81273.398 kN/m
Vy = 1581,52 kN
Ke = 77328,455 kN/m
Te = 0.6036 sec
e = 0.169.811.151.02.5(0.6/0.6036) = 4.4859 m/sec2 ( e =
0(2/))
C0 = 1.3 ( )
Cm = 0.9 ( )
W = 11822.3 kN
R = Cm ( e /g)/(Vy /W) = 3.08
C1 = [1.0 + (R-1)2/e]/R = 1.001 e = 0.6036 < 2 ( , 2=0.6 sec)

C2 = 1.1045 ( 1, ,
0.1 sec < = 0.5887 sec < T2 = 0.6 sec)
C3 = 1.0 ( <0.1 )
, x :
t = 0.059 m, .
V- ( Fx+0.3Fy) x
( 6.4) 0.100 m,

.
,
Fy - 0.3Fx, ,
y ( 2
):
T = 0.4226 sec
K0 = 128339.915 kN/m
Vy = 1953.13 kN
Ke = 110148.35 kN/m

6 151
Te = 0.4562 sec
e = 0.169.811.151.02.5 = 4.5126 m/sec2 ( e = 0)
C0 = 1.3 ( )
Cm = 0.9 ( )
W = 11822.3 kN
R = Cm ( e /g)/(Vy /W) = 2.51
C1 = [1.0 + (R-1)2/e]/R = 1.189 e = 0.4562 < 2 ( , 2=0.6 sec)

C2 = 1.171 ( 1, ,
0.1 sec < = 0.4226 sec < T2 = 0.6 sec)
C3 = 1.0 ( <0.1 )
, y :
t = 0.043 m, .
V- ( Fy - 0.3Fx)
y ( 6.5) 0.202 m,

.
,
(.. , , ),

.
6.6
6.6 6.11
1 (
). ,
dx dy
pl pl Fx + 0.3Fy
Fy - 0.3Fx av
pl ,
.

.
6.6 6.29, ( )

6 152

,
.
, ( 2
)
.
y (
VR/VMu) ,
.
.
. , ( SAP2000)

. ,
.
,
,

.
, ( )
. ,
, , .
,
1 ( )
.

6 153
6.6

/
dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
1 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0023 0.013 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0036 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
2 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0023 0.013 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0038 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
3 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0023 0.013 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0038 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
4 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0022 0.013 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0035 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
5 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0022 0.013 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0036 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
6 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0020 0.013 NAI
- -0.0001 -0.0034 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
7 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0019 0.013 NAI
- -0.0001 -0.0035 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
8 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0017 0.013 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0030 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
9 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0032 0.0000 0.017 NAI
- -0.0010 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.017 NAI
10 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0013 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- -0.0016 0.0000 -0.006 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.011 NAI
11 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0014 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- -0.0025 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
12 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.006 NAI
+ 0.0026 0.0000 0.010 NAI
- -0.0025 0.0000 -0.006 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
13 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0020 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- -0.0025 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
14 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.006 NAI
+ 0.0024 0.0000 0.011 NAI
- -0.0014 0.0000 -0.006 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.011 NAI

6 154
6.6 ()

/
dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
15 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0011 0.0000 0.017 NAI
- -0.0020 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
16 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0022 0.0000 0.013 NAI
- -0.0013 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
17 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0013 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- -0.0003 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
18 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
- -0.0021 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
19 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0021 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- -0.0005 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
20 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0003 0.0000 0.015 NAI
- -0.0018 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
21 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0018 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- -0.0004 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
22 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
- -0.0024 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
23 - - - - -
+ - - - -
- - - - -
+ - - - -
24 - - - - -
+ - - - -
- - - - -
+ - - - -
25 - - - - -
+ - - - -
- - - - -
+ - - - -
26 - - - - -
+ - - - -
- - - - -
+ - - - -
27 - - - - -
+ - - - -
- - - - -
+ - - - -
28 - - - - -
+ - - - -
- - - - -
+ - - - -

6 155
6.7 1

/
dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
1 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0053 0.015 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0049 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
2 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0049 0.015 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0051 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
3 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0043 0.014 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0051 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
4 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0041 0.014 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0047 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
5 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0039 0.014 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0047 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
6 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0036 0.014 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0043 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
7 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0039 0.015 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0041 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
8 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0037 0.015 NAI
- 0.0000 -0.0034 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
9 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.017 NAI
10 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.006 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.011 NAI
11 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- -0.0003 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
12 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.006 NAI
+ 0.0001 0.0000 0.010 NAI
- -0.0013 0.0000 -0.006 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
13 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0011 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- -0.0004 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
14 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.006 NAI
+ 0.0001 0.0000 0.011 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI

6 156
6.7 () 1

/
dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
15 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.017 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
16 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
- -0.0005 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
17 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
18 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
19 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
20 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
21 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.005 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
22 - 0.0000 -0.0001 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
- -0.0001 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
23 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.016 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.016 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
24 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.016 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.016 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
25 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.009 NAI
26 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.009 NAI
27 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.009 NAI
28 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.009 NAI

6 157
6.8 2

/
dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
1 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0035 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.008 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.019 NAI
2 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0028 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.008 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.019 NAI
3 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0011 0.014 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
4 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
5 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
6 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0003 0.014 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.014 NAI
7 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0018 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.008 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.019 NAI
8 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0018 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.008 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.019 NAI
9 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.017 NAI
10 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.011 NAI
11 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
12 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
13 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
14 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.011 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.011 NAI

6 158
6.8 () 2

/
dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
15 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.017 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.013 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.013 NAI
16 - - -
+ - -
- - -
+ - -
17 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
18 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
19 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
20 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.011 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.010 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.015 NAI
21 - 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.010 NAI
22 - - -
+ - -
- - -
+ - -
23 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.016 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.016 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
24 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.016 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.016 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.016 NAI
25 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
26 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
27 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI
28 - 0.0000 0.0000 -0.009 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.012 NAI
- 0.0000 0.0000 -0.012 NAI
+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 NAI

6 159
6.9

dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
0.0000 0.0003 0.010
1
0.0000 0.0000 0.010
0.0004 0.0002 0.009
2
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0000 0.0003 0.009
3
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0000 0.0003 0.009
4
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0000 0.0004 0.009
5
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0000 0.0004 0.009
6
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0000 0.0005 0.009
7
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0000 0.0008 0.010
8
0.0000 0.0000 0.010
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
9
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0003 0.0000 0.009
10
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0003 0.0002 0.009
11
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0001 0.0002 0.009
12
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0003 0.0003 0.009
13
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0001 0.0002 0.009
14
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0002 0.0003 0.009
15
0.0000 0.0000 0.009
0.0000 0.0004 0.009
16
0.0000 0.0000 0.009

6 160
6.10 1

dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
0.0055 0.0010 0.010
1
0.0083 0.0000 0.010
0.0079 0.0008 0.010
2
0.0091 0.0000 0.010
0.0070 0.0008 0.010
3
0.0081 0.0000 0.010
0.0067 0.0009 0.010
4
0.0088 0.0000 0.010
0.0064 0.0010 0.010
5
0.0070 0.0000 0.010
0.0068 0.0012 0.010
6
0.0087 0.0000 0.010
0.0073 0.0014 0.010
7
0.0083 0.0000 0.010
0.0069 0.0019 0.010
8
0.0089 0.0000 0.010
0.0060 0.0007 0.009
9
0.0079 0.0000 0.010
0.0078 0.0005 0.009
10
0.0089 0.0000 0.009
0.0081 0.0008 0.009
11
0.0085 0.0000 0.010
0.0070 0.0008 0.010
12
0.0088 0.0000 0.010
0.0080 0.0010 0.010
13
0.0085 0.0001 0.010
0.0072 0.0008 0.009
14
0.0087 0.0000 0.010
0.0080 0.0010 0.009
15
0.0083 0.0000 0.009
0.0065 0.0013 0.009
16
0.0087 0.0000 0.010

6 161
6.11 2

dx
pl dy
pl av
pl
0.0000 0.0000 0.012
1
0.0003 0.0000 0.012
0.0008 0.0000 0.012
2
0.0008 0.0000 0.012
0.0000 0.0000 0.011
3
0.0000 0.0005 0.012
0.0001 0.0000 0.012
4
0.0002 0.0009 0.012
0.0000 0.0000 0.012
5
0.0000 0.0009 0.012
0.0001 0.0000 0.011
6
0.0002 0.0002 0.012
0.0004 0.0000 0.012
7
0.0005 0.0000 0.012
0.0008 0.0000 0.012
8
0.0010 0.0000 0.012
0.0000 0.0000 0.011
9
0.0000 0.0007 0.011
0.0008 0.0000 0.011
10
0.0006 0.0011 0.011
0.0002 0.0000 0.011
11
0.0003 0.0018 0.011
0.0005 0.0000 0.011
12
0.0005 0.0022 0.011
0.0003 0.0000 0.011
13
0.0004 0.0023 0.011
0.0004 0.0000 0.011
14
0.0003 0.0024 0.011
0.0002 0.0000 0.011
15
0.0001 0.0020 0.011
0.0003 0.0000 0.011
16
0.0000 0.0020 0.011

6 162
(LS)
6.6 (Fx + 0.3Fy) ()

6 163
6.7 1 9 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
6.8 2 10 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

6 164
6.9 3 11 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
6.10 4 12 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

6 165
6.11 5 13 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
6.12 6 14 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

6 166
6.13 7 15 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
6.14 8 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

6 167
6.15 1 8 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
6.16 9 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)
6.17 23 24 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

6 168
6.18 (Fy - 0.3Fx) ()

6 169
6.19 1 9 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
6.20 2 10 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

6 170
6.21 3 11 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
6.22 4 12 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

6 171
6.23 5 13 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
6.24 6 14 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

6 172
6.25 7 15 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
6.26 8 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

6 173
6.27 1 8 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
6.28 9 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)
6.29 23 24 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

6 174

7 175
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SIKA, CARBODUR "Sika CarboDur composite strengthening systems".

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Διπλωματικη Αποτιμηση Υφισταμενου Gri-2010-5808

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The objective of the present dissertation is the assessment and rehabilitation of an

= s/c , . (.4) (.5),

y res pl/Rd (y)/Rd (rad)

y res pl/Rd (y)/Rd (rad)

pl/Rd (y)/Rd (rad)

pl/Rd (y)/Rd (rad)

pl/Rd (y)/Rd (rad)

C1 = [1.0 + (R-1)2/e]/R = 1.001 e = 0.5990 < 2 ( , 2=0.6 sec)

C1 = [1.0 + (R-1)2/e]/R = 1.189 e = 0.4562 < 2 ( , 2=0.6 sec)

5.9 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.10 1 - 9 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.11 2 10 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.12 3 11 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.13 4 12 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.14 5 13 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.15 6 14 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.16 7 15 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.17 8 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.18 1 8 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.19 9 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.20 23 24 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.21 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.22 1 9 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.23 2 10 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.24 3 11 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.25 4 12 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.26 5 13 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.27 6 14 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.28 7 15 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.29 8 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.30 1 8 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.31 9 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.32 23 24 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.33 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.34 1 - 9 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.35 2 10 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.36 3 11 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.37 4 12 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.38 5 13 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.39 6 14 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.40 7 15 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.41 8 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.42 1 8 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.43 9 16 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.44 23 24 (Fx + 0.3Fy)

5.45 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.46 1 9 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.47 2 10 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.48 3 11 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.49 4 12 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.50 5 13 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.51 6 14 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.52 7 15 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.53 8 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.54 1 8 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.55 9 16 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

5.56 23 24 (Fy - 0.3Fx)

V jd = jd j bw h j ,ef (cot + cot a ) sin 2 a ( 8.13 )

k v = 0, 40 + 0, 25 0,8 , > 0,5 ,

C1 = [1.0 + (R-1)2/e]/R = 1.001 e = 0.6036 < 2 ( , 2=0.6 sec)

C1 = [1.0 + (R-1)2/e]/R = 1.189 e = 0.4562 < 2 ( , 2=0.6 sec)

6.6 (Fx + 0.3Fy) ()

6.7 1 9 (Fx + 0.3Fy)