Professional Documents
Culture Documents
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
H NI - 2011
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Mc lc
2
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Li ni u
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT c xy dng trn c s sot xt, chuyn
i Tiu chun Ngnh TCN 68-135:2001 Chng st bo v cc
cng trnh vin thng - Yu cu k thut ban hnh theo Quyt nh
s 1061/2001/Q-TCB ngy 21/12/2001 ca Tng cc trng
Tng cc Bu in (nay l B Thng tin v Truyn thng)
Cc yu cu k thut v phng php tnh trong QCVN
32:2011/BTTTT c xy dng trn c s tiu chun IEC 62305
phn 1, 2, 3 (2006), v cc Khuyn ngh K.39 (1996), K.40 (1996),
K.25 (1999) v K.47 (2008) ca ITU-T.
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT do Vin Khoa hc K thut Bu in bin
son, V Khoa hc v Cng ngh trnh duyt, B Thng tin v
Truyn thng ban hnh km theo Thng t s 10/2011/TT-BTTTT
ngy 14/04/2011 ca B trng B Thng tin v Truyn thng.
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QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
1. QUY NH CHUNG
1.1. Phm vi iu chnh
Quy chun k thut quc gia ny quy nh:
- Ri ro thit hi cho php do st gy ra i vi trm vin thng v cp ngoi vi vin thng;
- Phng php tnh ton tn sut thit hi do st gy ra i vi trm vin thng v cp ngoi vi
vin thng;
- Cc bin php chng st bo v trm vin thng v cp ngoi vi vin thng.
Quy chun ny c p dng cho cc cng trnh vin thng c trm vin thng, cp ngoi vi
vin thng nhm hn ch cc thit hi do st gy ra, m bo an ton cho con ngi v kh
nng cung cp dch v ca cc cng trnh vin thng.
1.2. Ti liu vin dn
QCVN 9:2010/BTTTT, Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip t cho cc trm vin thng.
TCVN 8071:2009, Cng trnh vin thng - Quy tc thc hnh chng st v tip t.
1.3. Gii thch t ng v ch vit tt
1.3.1. Din tch ri ro (risk area)
Din tch ri ro l din tch ca min bao quanh cng trnh vin thng, khi st nh vo din
tch ny c th gy nguy him cho cng trnh vin thng.
1.3.2. Dng xung st (lightning impulse current)
Dng xung st l xung dng in di tn s thp, xut hin khng c chu k nht nh, tng
vt n gi tr nh, ri gim xung n gi tr khng. Cc c trng ca dng xung st l:
- Gi tr nh (bin ) xung, I;
- Thi gian sn trc t gi tr nh, T 1;
- Thi gian sn sau gim n na gi tr nh, T2;
- Dng sng dng xung, T1/T2;
Hnh 1 trnh by dng sng dng st chun v cch xc nh cc thng s dng st.
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I
0,9
1
0,5
0,1
A
t
O1 B
T1 =
1,25AB
T2
1 0,9 CCITT-3941
0,5
0,3
A
B t
O1
T1 = 1,67AB
T2
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Dng th l dng in nh nht chy trong v kim loi ca cp, gy ra h hng cho cp do
cc tc ng c hoc nhit.
1.3.7. Dng in mi ni (i vi cp quang) (connection current)
Dng in mi ni l dng in nh nht chy trong cc thnh phn kt ni ca cp quang,
gy ra h hng cho cp do cc tc ng ca c hoc nhit.
1.3.8. in p nh xuyn (breakdown voltage)
in p nh xuyn l in p xung nh thng gia cc thnh phn kim loi trong li cp v
v kim loi ca cp.
1.3.9. Mt st (lightning density)
Mt st l s ln st nh xung mt n v din tch mt t trong mt nm (ly bng 1
km2).
1.3.10. Mc Keraunic (Keraunic level)
Mc Keraunic l gi tr ngy dng trung bnh trong mt nm, ly t tng s ngy dng trong
mt chu k hot ng 12 nm ca mt tri, ti mt trm quan trc kh tng.
1.3.11. Ngy dng (thunder day)
Ngy dng l ngy m v c trng kh tng, ngi quan trc c th nghe r ting sm.
1.3.12. St (lightning strike, flash)
St l hin tng phng in c tia la km theo ting n trong khng kh, n c th xy ra
bn trong m my, gia hai m my mang in tch tri du hoc gia m my tch in
vi t. Cc cng trnh vin thng trong qu trnh khai thc, chu tc ng ca st nh sau:
- Tc ng do st nh trc tip: l tc ng ca dng st nh trc tip vo cng trnh vin
thng;
- Tc ng do st lan truyn v cm ng: l tc ng th cp ca st do cc nh hng tnh
in, in t, galvanic...
1.3.13. Tn sut thit hi (frequency of damage)
Tn sut thit hi do st l s ln st nh trung bnh hng nm gy thit hi cho cng trnh
vin thng.
1.3.14. Thit b bo v xung (Surge Protective Device - SPD)
Thit b bo v xung l phng tin hn ch qu p t bin v r cc dng xung.
1.3.15. Tr khng truyn t (tr khng ghp) ca v che chn kim loi ca cp (transfer
(coupling) impedance of metal cable sheath)
Tr khng truyn t (tr khng ghp) ca v che chn kim loi ca cp l t s gia in p
st t mt trong ra mt ngoi v che chn kim loi ca cp trn ton b dng in chy trong
v che chn kim loi.
1.3.16. Vng chng st (Lightning Protection Zone - LPZ)
Vng chng st l vng c phn chia trong mt khu vc trm vin thng, c c trng
bi mc khc nghit ca trng in t v nh hng do st gy nn.
1.3.17. Xc sut thit hi (probability of damage)
Xc sut thit hi do st l xc sut mt ln st nh gy thit hi cho cng trnh vin thng.
1.3.18. Ri ro (Risk - R)
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1.3.32. Trm vin thng (telecommunication station)
Mt khu vc bao gm mt hoc nhiu nh trm trong cha cc thit b vin thng, ct cao
ng ten v cc loi trang thit b ph tr cung cp dch v vin thng. Trm vin thng
khng bao gm nh v cc thit b nh thu bao.
1.3.33. Cng trnh vin thng (telecommunication plant)
Cng trnh xy dng, bao gm h tng k thut vin thng th ng (nh, trm, ct, cng, b)
v thit b mng c lp t vo .
1.3.34. Nh trm vin thng (telecom building)
L nh trong t h thng thit b vin thng.
1.3.35. Cc ch vit tt
SPD Thit b bo v xung Surge Protective Device
LEMP Xung in t do st Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse
LPZ Vng bo v chng st Lightning Protection Zone
LPL Mc bo v chng st Lightning Protection Level
LPMS H thng cc bin php bo v chng xung LEMP protection measures system
in t do st
1.4. Quy trnh qun l ri ro thit hi do st
Vic cn thit trang b cc bin php bo v chng st cho cc cng trnh vin thng cn c
xc nh thng qua quy trnh qun l ri ro nh sau:
Xc nh cng trnh cn bo v
Vi mi loi tn tht:
- Xc nh mc ri ro cho php RT
- Xc nh v tnh ton tt c cc thnh phn ri ro R X
Tnh ton
R= RX
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xung st;
LPZ 1 L vng trong dng xung c hn ch do s chia dng v cc SPD ti v tr
ranh gii. Vic che chn khng gian c th lm suy gim trng in t do st;
LPZ 2,, n L vng trong dng xung c hn ch hn na do s chia dng v cc
SPD b sung ti v tr ranh gii. Vic che chn khng gian b sung c th lm
suy gim hn na trng in t do st.
CH THCH 1: Ni chung, mc ca mt LPZ cng cao th cc tham s mi trng in t cng thp.
LPZ 0A
H thng
LPZ 0B chng st ct
LPZ 1 anten bn
ngoi
Cp in lc,
Phng my vin thng
Lin kt cc li chn 1 v 2
2. QUY NH K THUT
2.1. Yu cu v ri ro do st gy ra cho cng trnh vin thng
2.1.1. Yu cu i vi nh trm vin thng
Nh trm vin thng phi c trang b cc bin php bo v sao cho gi tr ri ro khng c
vt qu gi tr ri ro chp nhn c sau:
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Fa = Ng.Aa.pa - Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo cc vt gn, v d ct anten c
lin kt bng kim loi vi nh trm vin thng (a).
Ad - Din tch ri ro st nh trc tip vo nh trm vin thng:
Ad = (9ph2 + 6ah + 6bh + ab).10-6, km2 (2.5)
Trong :
a: Chiu rng ca nh trm vin thng, m;
b: Chiu di ca nh trm vin thng, m;
h: Chiu cao ca nh trm, m.
Trong trng hp din tch ri ro st nh trc tip vo ct anten che ph mt phn din tch
ri ro st nh trc tip vo nh trm, din tch Ad c gim i phn b che ph .
An - Din tch ri ro do st nh xung t cnh nh trm lm tng th t nh hng n
trung tm vin thng. An c tnh bng din tch ca mt min to bi mt ng cch nh
mt khong cch d = 500 m, tr i din tch ri ro do st nh trc tip vo nh Ad.
Ni no c cc vt gn nh cc cng trnh xy dng cao khc (v d: ct anten, nh cao
tng) v cc cp dn vo th din tch An s c gim i bi phn din tch ri ro che ph ca
cc cng trnh , nh minh ho trn Hnh 5.
As - Din tch ri ro do st nh xung cc ng cp (thng tin, in lc) dn vo
trm.Trng hp tng qut, cp dn vo nh trm vin thng gm cc loi treo v chn, din
tch As c tnh bng cng thc:
n
A s = 2. l i d i (2.6)
i =1
Trong :
li: Chiu di ca mi on ng dy, m;
di: Khong cch tng ng ca mi on, m;
- i vi cp treo, di = 1000 m;
- i vi cp ngm, di = 250 m;
n: S on ng dy chn ngm hoc treo ni;
Aa: Din tch ri ro st nh trc tip vo ct anten c lin kt bng kim loi vi nh trm.
- i vi ct anten c dng thp, din tch Aa c tnh tng t nh A d;
- i vi ct anten l ct tr trn, ct tam gic, ct t gic c dy co v kch thc nh, Aa
c tnh bng din tch hnh trn bn knh 3h (h l chiu cao ct anten) A a = p(3h ) .
2
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QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Ct
Cp thng tin hoc
cp in lc Aa
As Ad
d
An
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Kd = 1,0 vi cp chn c che chn;
2.2.2.2. Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo cng trnh m cp i vo (Fps)
Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo cng trnh gy ra cho cp c tnh bng cng
thc:
Fps = Ng.Ad.p(Ia). Cd (thit hi/nm); (2.9)
Trong :
Ad: Din tch ri ro st nh vo kt cu, c tnh bng cng thc:
Ad = (9ph2 + 6ah + 6bh + ab) 10-6, (km2);
Trong : a = chiu di, (m);
b = chiu rng, (m);
c = chiu cao, (m);
p(Ia) : Xc sut bin dng st nh vo kt cu to ra dng in gy h hng cp;
Ia : Dng gy h hng cp, xem Ph lc B.2.
2.3. Cc bin php bo v chng st cho cng trnh vin thng
2.3.1. Cc bin php bo v chng st cho nh trm vin thng
gim nh ri ro thit hi n mc cho php quy nh trong 2.2.1, cn p dng mt s hoc
ton b cc bin php bo v sau:
2.3.1.1. H thng LPS bn ngoi (chng st nh trc tip)
H thng LPS bn ngoi (chng st nh trc tip) phi bao gm cc thnh phn c bn sau:
- H thng in cc thu st;
- H thng dy dn st;
- H thng tip t;
- Kt cu .
a) H thng in cc thu st
- Cc in cc thu st phi c b tr, lp t cc v tr sao cho n to ra vng bo v che
ph hon ton i tng cn bo v. V tr lp t ca cc in cc thu st c xc nh
bng cc phng php sau:
+ phng php gc bo v, ph hp vi cc to nh c dng n gin, nhng hn ch v
chiu cao;
+ phng php qu cu ln, ph hp vi mi trng hp;
+ phng php li, ph hp vi vic bo v cc b mt bng phng.
Chi tit v cc phng php trn c nu trong Ph lc A. Gi tr ca gc bo v, bn knh
qu cu ln, kch thc li i vi mi mc ca LPS c quy nh trong Bng 10.
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QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
CH THCH:
1- Khng p dng c vi cc gi tr ln hn gi tr c nh du bi
2- H l cao ca in cc thu st so vi mt phng chun ca din tch c bo v.
3- Gc bo v khng thay i vi cc gi tr H di 2 m.
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- Cc dy dn st phi c phn b xung quanh chu vi ca cng trnh cn bo v sao cho
khong cch gia hai dy khng vt qu 30 m. Trong mi trng hp, cn t nht hai dy
dn xung.
- Cc dy dn st phi c ni vi h thng in cc tip t.
- Cc dy dn st phi c lp t thng, ng, sao cho chng to ra ng dn ngn nht,
thng nht xung t v trnh to ra cc mch vng. Khng lp t cc dy dn st cc v
tr gy nguy him cho con ngi.
c) H thng tip t
- H thng tip t bao gm cc in cc, dy ni cc in cc v cp ni t.
- H thng tip t phi c thit k v c gi tr in tr tip t theo quy nh trong QCVN
9:2010/BTTTT, Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip t cho cc trm vin thng.
- Phi la chn dng in cc tip t, cu trc b tr cc in cc sao cho ph hp vi iu
kin a hnh thc t ni trang b tip t.
- H thng in cc tip t phi c lin kt vi cc h thng tip t khc (nu c) theo
quy nh trong QCVN 9:2010/BTTTT, Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip t cho cc trm
vin thng.
d) Vt liu
Vt liu v kch thc vt liu c la chn lm h thng chng st nh trc tip phi m
bo sao cho h thng ny khng b h hng do nh hng in, in t ca dng st, nh
hng ca hin tng n mn v cc lc c hc khc.
e) Cc in cc thu st, dy dn st phi c c nh v lin kt vi nhau mt cch chc
chn, m bo khng b gy, t hoc lng lo do cc lc in ng hoc cc lc c hc
khc. Cc mi ni phi c m bo bng cc phng php hn, vn vt, lp ghp bng bu
lng v c s lng cng nh cng tt.
2.3.1.2. Chng st lan truyn t bn ngoi nh trm
Cc thit b in t bn trong nh trm vin thng c th b h hng do st lan truyn v cm
ng qua cc ng dy thng tin, in lc bng kim loi dn vo nh trm. hn ch cc
nh hng , phi p dng cc bin php sau:
a) Bin php bo v i vi ng dy thng tin i vo trm
- La chn loi cp vin thng dn vo v i ra khi nh trm c v che chn vi tr khng
truyn t nh hoc cp quang khng c thnh phn kim loi; v che chn cp phi c lin
kt ng th theo quy nh trong QCVN 9:2010/BTTTT, Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip
t cho cc trm vin thng.
- Lp t cc thit b bo v xung (SPD) trn ng dy thng tin ti giao din dy - my theo
quy nh trong TCVN 8071:2009, Cng trnh vin thng - Quy tc thc hnh chng st v tip
t.
b) Bin php bo v i vi ng dy in lc i vo nh trm
- Lp t thit b bo v xung trn ng dy in lc, ni ng dy dn vo trm theo quy
nh trong TCVN 8071:2009, Cng trnh vin thng - Quy tc thc hnh chng st v tip t.
- Dng my bin th h p ring cung cp ngun in cho nh trm.
2.3.1.3. H thng LPS bn trong (Chng st lan truyn v cm ng bn trong nh trm)
a) Lin kt ng th
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Thc hin lin kt ng th ti ranh gii gia cc vng chng st (LPZ) i vi cc thnh phn
v h thng kim loi (cc ng ng dn kim loi, cc khung gi cp, khung gi thit b).
b) Thc hin cc bin php che chn bn trong nh trm
- Lin kt cc thnh phn kim loi ca to nh vi nhau v vi h thng chng st nh trc
tip, v d mi nh, b mt bng kim loi, ct thp v cc khung ca bng kim loi ca ta
nh.
- Dng cc loi cp c mn chn kim loi hoc dn cp trong ng kim loi c tr khng thp.
V che chn hoc ng dn bng kim loi phi c lin kt ng th hai u v ti ranh gii
gia cc vng chng st (LPZ). ng dn cp phi c chia lm hai phn bng vch ngn
bng kim loi, mt phn cha cp thng tin, mt phn cha cp in lc v cc dy dn lin
kt.
c) Thc hin cu hnh u ni v tip t trong nh trm vin thng
Phi thc hin cc quy nh v cu hnh u ni v tip t bn trong nh trm theo QCVN
9:2010/BTTTT Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip t cho cc trm vin thng.
2.3.2. Cc bin php bo v chng st cho cp ngoi vi vin thng
2.3.2.1. Nguyn tc chung
Cc thnh phn kim loi ca cp phi lin tc sut chiu di ca cp, ngha l chng phi
c kt ni qua tt c cc mng sng, b ti to... Cc thnh phn kim loi phi c kt ni
(trc tip hoc qua SPD) vi thanh lin kt ng th ti cc u cp.
Vic p dng cc bin php bo v ng dy vin thng s lm gim tn sut thit hi do
st, c th hin qua h s bo v (Kp) nh sau:
Fd = Fd . Kp (2.10)
Trong :
Fd l tn sut thit hi sau khi p dng bin php bo v;
Fd l tn sut thi hi trc khi p dng bin php bo v.
C nhiu bin php bo v s lm gim tn sut thit hi bng cch tng dng gy h hng.
Trong trng hp ny, h s bo v c tnh bi cng thc:
Kp = exp [b1(Ia- Ia)] vi Ia v Ia 20 kA (2.11)
Kp = exp [b2(Ia- Ia)] vi Ia v Ia > 20 kA
Kp = exp [(a2 a1) + (b1Ia b2Ia) vi Ia 20 kA v Ia > 20 kA
Trong :
Ia l dng h hng trc khi p dng bin php bo v;
Ia l dng h hng sau khi p dng bin php bo v;
a1 = 4,605
a2 = 5,063
b1 = 0,0117
b2 = 0,0346.
2.3.2.2 Cc bin php bo v chng st nh trc tip vo cp
a) i vi cp chn, c th xem xt cc bin php bo v sau:
- S dng dy che chn, thng l dy thp m km;
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- S dng ng thp, thng l ng thp m km.
b) i vi cp treo, c th xem xt cc bin php bo v sau:
- S dng dy lm dy che chn (xem phn a), mc 2.3.2.3);
- Thay th bng tuyn cp chn v p dng cc bin php bo v theo a).
c) i vi c cp treo v cp chn, c th xem xt cc bin php sau:
- Thay th bng cp quang khng c thnh phn kim loi hoc ng truyn v tuyn (xem
phn a), mc 2.3.2.3);
- S dng cp c dng in nh thng v ln (xem phn b), mc 2.3.2.3);
- S dng cp c in p nh thng v ln (xem phn c), mc 2.3.2.3).
2.3.2.3 La chn cp
a) Cp si quang khng c thnh phn kim loi
Cp quang khng c thnh phn kim loi s khng b st nh trc tip, v vy s dng cp
quang phi kim loi s cho Kp = 0.
b) Cp c dng nh thng v ln
Nu dng gy h hng (Ia) c xc nh bi dng in nh thng v (Is), c th chn cp c
dng in nh thng v ln hn bng cch:
- tng in p nh thng v bng cch chn vt liu cch in bng nha thay v bng giy
hoc tng cng s cch in ti cc mi ni;
- gim in tr lp v bng cch dng v kim loi dy hn.
H s bo v t c khi tng dng gy h hng c tnh bng cng thc 2.11.
c) Cp c in p nh thng ln
Nu dng gy h hng c xc nh bi dng th (It), c th chn cp c dng th cao hn
bng cch:
- dng v c bn c kh cao (v d bng st);
- dng v kim loi dy hn.
H s bo v t c khi tng dng gy h hng c tnh bng cng thc 2.11.
2.3.2.4 S dng thit b bo v xung SPD
SPD c th c lp t ti im ng dy i vo cng trnh c kh nng b st nh trc
tip, lm gim tn sut thit hi do st nh vo cng trnh (F ps). SPD phi c ni gia
cc si ca cp vi thanh lin kt ng th ca cng trnh.
Vic lp t SPD s lm tng dng nh thng v cp Is (xem Ph lc B.3)
H s bo v t c khi tng dng gy h hng v cp c tnh theo cng thc 2.11 v
B.4 (theo Ph lc B).
2.3.2.5. Trang b dy chng st ngm cho cp chn
gim nh dng st nh vo cp chn, dng dy chng st ngm bng kim loi chn pha
trn, dc theo tuyn cp thu ht mt phn dng st. Nh vy, dy chng st ngm c tc
dng lm tng dng gy h hng (I a) v lm gim tn sut thit hi. Dy chng st ngm phi
c b tr dc theo ton b chiu di on cp cn c bo v v ko di thm mt on
Y, vi Y c tnh bng cng thc:
Y 2,5. (r) 1/2 , (m) (2.12)
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Trong :
r = in tr sut ca t, W.m.
Gi tr dng gy h hng mi (I a) c tnh bng cng thc:
Ia = Ia/ , (kA); (2.13)
Trong , l h s che chn, xem Ph lc C.
3. QUY NH V QUN L
Cc trm vin thng v mng cp ngoi vi vin thng ca doanh nghip thit lp h tng mng
vin thng phi tun th cc yu cu quy nh ti Quy chun ny.
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PH LC A
(Quy nh)
Xc nh v tr lp t in cc thu st
K hiu
A nh ca in cc thu st;
B Mt phng chun;
OC Bn knh vng c bo v;
h1 Chiu cao ca in cc thu st so vi mt phng chun, trong khu vc cn bo
v;
Gc bo v theo Bng 10
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V d v vng c bo v bi cc dy dn dng li c th hin Hnh A.4 v A.5.
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CH THCH: H = h
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CH THCH 1: Bn knh qu cu ln phi tun theo mc LPS c la chn (xem Bng 10)
CH THCH 2: H= h
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PH LC B
(Quy nh)
Xc nh dng gy h hng cho cp kim loi v cp quang c thnh phn kim loi
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D : Khong cch gia cc im tip t, m;
H : cao ca cp, m;
a : Bn knh ca cp, m;
Rg : Gi tr in tr tip t, .m.
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PH LC C
(Quy nh)
Tnh ton h s che chn ca dy chng st ngm bo v cp thng tin chn ngm
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Bng C.3 - H s che chn ca 2 dy chng st ngm
x (m) g = 30 g = 45 g = 60 g = 90
0,15 0,38 0,36 0,34 0,33
0,25 0,38 0,35 0,34 0,33
0,50 0,37 0,35 0,34 0,33
1,00 0,37 0,35 0,34 0,33
32
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
PH LC D
(Tham kho)
c im dng st ca Vit Nam
33
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
c Linh 10,9
Ph Qu 7,0
Bc Bnh 5,7
Tuy Phong 3,4
12 C Mau Tx. C Mau, U Minh, Thi Bnh, Trn Vn 13,7
Thi, Ci Nc, m Di, Ph Tn, Nm
Cn, Ngc Hin
13 Cao Bng Tx. Cao Bng, Bo Lc, Bo Lm, H Qung, 9,2
H Lang, H An, Nguyn Bnh, Phc Ho,
Qung Uyn, Thch An, Thng Nng, Tr
Lnh, Trng Khnh
14 Cn Th Q. Bnh Thy, Q. Ci Rng, Q. Ninh Kiu, Q. 13,7
Mn, C , Phong in,Tht Nt, Vnh
Thnh
15 Nng Q. Hi Chu, Q. Lin Chiu, Q. Ng Hnh 8,2
Sn, Q. Sn Tr, Thanh Kh, Ha Vang
Hong Sa 7,0
16 c Lk Tp. Bun Ma Thut, Bun n, Ea Sp, C 13,7
M'Gar, Ea H'Leo, Krng Buk, Krng Nng
Krng Pk, Krng Ana, Lk, Krng Bng, Ea 10,9
Kar
M'rk 8,2
17 in Bin Tp. in Bin Ph, in Bin, in Bin 8,2
ng
Tx. Mng Lay, Mng ch, Mng Nh, 10,9
Ta Cha, Tun Gio
18 c Nng k Nng, Krng N 10,9
k Mil, k R' Lp, k Song 13,7
19 ng Nai Tp. Bin Ha, Long Thnh, Nhn Trch, Vnh 13,7
Cu, Trng Bom
Qun B, V Xuyn,
Hong Su Ph, Quang Bnh, Xn Mn, ng 8,2
Vn, Mo Vc, Yn Minh
23 H Nam Tx. Ph L, Kim Bng, Thanh Lim, Duy Tin 10,9
Bnh Lc, L Nhn 8,2
24 H Ni Q. Ba nh, Q. Cu Giy, Q. ng a, Q. Hai 10,9
B Trng, Q. Hong Mai, Q. Hon Kim, Q.
Long Bin, Q. Ty H, Q. Thanh Xun, Gia
Lm, Thanh Tr, T Lim, ng Anh
Sc Sn 8,2
Q. H ng, Tx. Sn Ty, Ba V, Chng 10,9
M, an Phng, Hoi c, M c, Ph
Xuyn, Phc Th, Quc Oai, Thch Tht,
Thanh Oai, Thng Tn, ng Ha
Phc Th, an Phng, Thch Tht, Quc 8,2
Oi, Hoi c
25 H Tnh Tx. H Tnh, Cm Xuyn, Can Lc, c Th, 8,2
Hng Sn, K Anh, Nghi Xun, Thch H,
V Quang
Hng Kh 10,9
26 Hu giang Chu Thnh, Phng Hip 10,9
Tx. V Thanh, V Thu, Long M, Chu Thnh 13,7
A.
27 Hi Dng Tp. Hi Dng, Bnh Giang, Cm Ging, Ch 8,2
Linh, Gia Lc, Nam Sch, Ninh Giang, Thanh
Min.
Kinh Mn, Kim Thnh, Thanh H, T K 10,9
28 Hi Phng Q. Hng Bng, Q. Kin An, Q. L Chn, Q. 10,9
Ng Quyn, An Dng, An Lo, Kin An,
Bch Long V, Thy Nguyn,
Q. Hi An, Tx. Sn, Tin Lng, Vnh Bo, 8,2
Kin Thy, Ct Hi.
29 Ho Bnh Tx Ha Bnh, Bc, Kim Bi, K Sn, Lc 10,9
Thy, Lng Sn, Mai Chu.
Cao Phong, Tn Lc, Lc Sn, Yn Thy. 13,7
30 Hng Yn Tx. Hng Yn, Ph C , Tin L. 8,2
n Thi , Khoi Chu, Kim ng, M Ho, Vn 10,9
Giang, Vn Lm, Yn M.
31 Khnh Ho Tp. Nha Trang. 3,4
Tx. Cam Ranh, Din Khnh, Vn Ninh, Ninh 5,7
Ha.
35
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Qu Chu, Qu Hp 13,7
40 Ninh Bnh Tx. Ninh Bnh Tx. Tam ip, Hoa L, Kim 8,2
Sn, Yn Khnh, Yn M
Gia Vin, Nho Quan 10,9
41 Ninh Thun Tx. Phan Rang, Ninh Phc 1,4
Bc i, Ninh Sn 5,7
36
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Ninh Hi 3,4
42 Ph Th Tp. Vit Tr, Tx. Ph Th, oan Hng, H 10,9
Ho, Lm Thao, Ph Ninh, Cm Kh, Tam
Nng, Thanh Ba, Thanh Sn, Thanh Thu,
Yn Lp
43 Ph Yn Tp. Tuy Ha 3,4
ng Xun, Sng Hinh, Sn Ha 8,2
Ph Ha, Sng Cu, Tuy An, Tuy Ha 5,7
44 Qung Bnh Tp. ng Hi, B Trch, L Thy, Minh Ha, 8,2
Qung Ninh, Qung Trch
Tuyn Ha 10,9
45 Qung Nam Tx. Tam K, Tx. Hi An, Bc Tr My, Duy 8,2
Xuyn, i Lc, in Bn, Nam Tr My, Ph
Ninh, Ni Thnh, Qu Sn, Thng Bnh, Tin
Phc, Hip c
ng Giang, Nam Giang, Phc Sn, Ty 10,9
Giang, Nam Tr My
46 Qung Ngi Tx. Qung Ngi, Bnh Sn, c Ph, L Sn, 8,2
M c, Ngha Hnh, T Ngha, Sn Tnh
Ba T, Minh Long, Sn H, Sn Ty, Ty 10,9
Tr, Tr Bng
47 Qung Ninh Tp. H Long, Tx. Ung B, ng Triu, Yu 8,2
Hng, Honh B, Bnh Liu
Tx. Mng Ci, Ba Ch, C T, m H, Hi 10,9
H, Honh B, Tin Yn, Vn , Cm Ph
38
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
39
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
PH LC E
(Tham kho)
Tnh ton ri ro tn tht cho mt trm vin thng in hnh
Tnh ton ri ro thit hi do st cho mt trm vin thng ti thnh ph Tuy Ho, tnh Ph Yn,
c cc s liu c s:
- Kch thc v vt liu nh trm: (5 x 3 x 3) m; b tng ct thp;
- cao anten v khong cch t anten ti nh: cao 80 m, cch nh 4 m;
- c im v chiu di ca cc cp vo nh trm:
+ Cp in lc di 600 m, khng c che chn, chn ngm;
+ Cp thng tin di 1000 m, khng c che chn, treo ni;
Cp
anten
Cp in lc Cp thng tin
40
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Astele = 2.d1tele.Ltele Aa/2= 2.1000. 1000 90000 = 1,91. 10-6 (m2) = 1,9 (km2) (din tch ri ro
st nh xung cc ng cp c gim do s che ph bi din tch ri ro st nh xung
ct anten);
- Din tch ri ro st nh xung cp in lc:
Aspower = 2. d1power.Lpower Aa/2 = 2 . 250. 600 90000 = 0,21. 10-6 (m2) = 0,2 (km2)
- Din tch ri ro st nh xung ln cn nh trm, An, c gim do s bao ph ca din tch
ri ro st nh vo ct anten v din tch ri ro st nh vo cc ng dy, ring tng
trng hp ta c:
+ Trng hp bao ph bi cp thng tin:
An(tele) = P d2/2 Aa/2 = 0,3 (km2);
+ Trng hp bao ph bi cp in lc :
An(power) = P d2/2 Aa/2 + (Pd2/3 2 d1. d1 3/2) = 0,5 (km2) (cc thnh phn trong
ngoc biu th din tch ca mnh vng trn khi d= 2 d1 )
Ct anten
d1 = 1000 m
Aa Aa d1 = 250 m
Cp thng tin Cp in lc
Aspower
An d An
AStele
41
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
vi pn = 0,1 do to nh c cu trc b tng ct thp (theo Bng 5),
Fn = 3,7. (0,3 + 0,5). 0,1 = 0,296 (ln/ nm);
- Tn sut thit hi do st nh vo cp hoc vng ln cn cp:
Fs = Ng. (As(tele) + As(power)). ps
vi ps = 1 do khng c cc bin php bo v trn cp (theo Bng 7):
Fs = 3,7. (1,9 + 0,2).1 = 7,7 (ln/nm)
- Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo ct anten:
Fa = Ng. Aa. pa
vi pa = 0,01 do to nh c cu trc b tng ct thp (theo Bng 5) v gi thit cp c ni
t tt vi ct thp to nh:
Fa = 3,7.0,2 . 0,01 = 0,0047 (ln/ nm);
E.3. Tnh ton ri ro tn tht
- Ri ro tn tht cho con ngi bn trong khu vc trm vin thng c tnh theo cng thc
2.1, vi gi thit lp b mt sn lm bng b tng kh (p injury= 10-3 theo Bng 9):
Rinjury = L.pinjury. Fi =1.10-3. (0,296 + 7,7 + 0,0047)= 8.10-3
Ri ro nh trn l qu cao so vi yu cu ri ro cho php (10-5), do vy cn trang b thm cc
bin php bo v.
- Ri ro tn tht dch v c tnh theo cng thc 2.2:
Rloss = L.Fi = 2,47.10-3.8 = 19,76.10-3
Ri ro nh trn l qu cao so vi tiu chun rui ro cho php (10 -3), do vy cn trang b thm
cc bin php bo v.
T tnh ton trn, ta thy ngun tn sut thit hi do st ln nht l t cc ng dy thng tin
v in lc (Fs= 7,7 ln/nm), do vy, cn phi lp t trang b bo v trn cc ng dy ny.
Nu phng php lp t c cht lng, s lm gim F n v Fs mt h s p = 0,01. Nh vy,
tn sut thit hi s l:
F = 3,7.[0,8.10-1.10-2 + 2,1.10-2 + 0,2.10-2] = 8,51.10-2 (ln/ nm)
- Ri ro tn tht cho con ngi c th c gim bng cch trang b h thng chng st bn
ngoi (pinjury= 0,1 theo Bng 6) v b mt ca din tch lm vic c ph bng vt liu nha
ng hoc g (pinjury=10-5), th ri ro tn tht cho con ngi s l:
Rinjury = 8,51.10-2.10-1.10-5 = 8,51.10-8
Gi tr ny l t so vi tiu chun cho php. V vy, vic trang b bo v cho con ngi nh
trn l .
- Ri ro tn tht dch v:
Rloss = 8,51.10-2. 2,74.10-3 = 23,3.10-5 = 0,233.10-3
Gi tr ny l t so vi tiu chun cho php. V vy, vic trang b bo v cho dch v nh trn
l .
42
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
[1] IEC 62305 1: 2006, Protection against lightning Part 1: General principles
[2] IEC 62305 2: 2006, Protection against lightning Part 2: Risk management
[3] IEC 62305 3: 2006, Protection against lightning Part 3: Physical damage to structures
and life hazard
[4] ITU-T Recommendation K. 39 (1996), Risk assessment of damages to telecommunication
sites due to lightning discharges
[5] ITU-T Recommendation K.40 (1996), Protection against LEMP in telecommunication
centers
[6] ITU-T Recommendation K. 25 (1999), Protection of optical fibre cables
[7] ITU-T Recommendation K. 47 (2008), Protection of telecommunication lines using metallic
conductors against direct lightning discharges
43