Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Problem Set #2 1. A 3-ft Depth of Stagnant Water at 25
Problem Set #2 1. A 3-ft Depth of Stagnant Water at 25
1. A 3-ft depth of stagnant water at 25 oC lies on top of a 0.10-in. thickness of NaCl. At time t
< 0, the water is pure. At time t = 0, the salt begins to dissolve into the water. If the
concentration of salt in the water at the solid-liquid interface is maintained at saturation
(0.00544 mol NaCl/cm3) and the diffusivity of NaCl is 1.210-5 cm2/s, independent of
concentration, estimate, by assuming the water to act as a semi-infinite medium, the time and
of salt in the water when: (a) 10% of the salt has dissolved; (b) 50% of the salt has dissolved;
and (c) 90% of the salt has dissolved. Density of NaCl = 2.165 g/cm 3. Molecular weight of
NaCl = 58.44 g/mol.
x t, s Time, h
0.01 1.82 234,000 65
3) Dry air at 1 atm flows at 2 m/s across the surface of a 2-inch-long surface that is covered
with a thin film of water. If the air and water are at 25 oC and the diffusivity of water in air is
0.25 cm2/s, estimate the water flux in kmol/sm2 for the evaporation of water at the middle of
the surface, assuming laminar boundary-layer flow. Air at 25 oC, = 0.018 cP = 1.8 x 10-5
kg/m-s.
nH 2O
(0.016)[0.00128 0] 2.05 105 kmol/s-m 2
A
4. Air at 1 atm and 100oC flows across a thin, flat plate of subliming naphthalene that is 1 m
long. The Reynolds number at the trailing edge of the plate is at the upper limit for a laminar
boundary layer. Estimate: (a) the average rate of sublimation in kmol/sm2; and (b) the local
rate of sublimation 0.5 m from the leading edge. Vapor pressure of naphthalene = 10 torr;
viscosity of air = 0.0215 cP; molar density of air = 0.0327 kmol/m 3; and diffusivity of
naphthalene in air = 0.9410-5 m2/s.
Solution
c h
nA,B / A 0.0059 4.3 102 0 2.54 10 4 kmol / s - m2
(0.00367)(4,870)
cAout =0.0034 1 exp = 0.000020
(152)(20.2 5) g/cm3
Therefore, the concentration of benzoic acid in the exiting water is way below the solubility
value.
6.2 Air at 1 atm flows at a Reynolds number of 50,000 normal to a long, circular, 1-in
diameter made of naphthalene. Calculate the average sublimation flux in kmol/sm2. Vapor
pressure of naphthalene = 10 torr; viscosity of air = 0.0215 cP; molar density of air = 0.0327
kmol/m3; and diffusivity of naphthalene in air = 0.9410-5 m2/s.
N A kc cA s cA (0.080)(4.3 10 4 0) 3.44 105
kmol/s-m2
7. Carbon dioxide is stripped from water by air in a wetted-wall tube. At a location where
pressure is 10 atm and temperature 25oC, the flux of CO2 is 1.62 lbmol/hft2. The partial
pressure of CO2 is 8.2 atm at the interface and 0.1 atm in the bulk gas. The diffusivity of CO 2
in air at these conditions is 1.610-2 cm2/s. Assuming turbulent flow, calculate by film theory
the mass-transfer coefficient kc for the gas phase and the film thickness.
(0.00022)(0.475)
kc 0.315
(0.000409) 0.82 0.01
cm/s
2.31 106
kc 0.0025
(0.0556) 0.0167 0
cm/s