CHO MNG NGY NH GIO VIT NAM 20/11/2012

1 ~ iK ( y y0 )
(2.7.a)
E b x , y , z 2 G by e iK x ( x x 0 ) e y
e iK 2 ( z d ) d K x dK y
4

T , c th xc nh cc thnh phn ca trng khu xa do dng hng theo trc x

c xc nh nh sau:
Z0 e iK 0r iK 2 d K 1 K 0 cos sin( K1 d ) mn (2.7.b)
Emn r , , e cos Fx ( K x K y )
2 r Tm

Z 0 e iK 0r iK 2d K 02 sin sin( K1d ) mn

Emn r , , e cos Fx ( K x K y )
2 r Te
3. M phng trng bc x ca anten mch di hp ng dng phng php Moment
Thc hin m phng bng Matlab trng bc x (RCS - Radar Cross Section) ca anten
mch di hp c hnh dng bt k. Mch di hp
c chia thnh cc hnh ch nht nh, c kch
thc 5mm x 1mm. Kch thc ny nh phn
b dng trong mch di hp c coi l khng thay
i. Bn knh hiu dng ca mch di hp l w/4 =
0,25mm. Cht in mi s dng c h s in thm
r = 2,2. Chn tn s s dng l 2,5GHz, gc sng ti
l 900.
Kt qu m phng mch di hp gp khc
(dng ziczac) c N = 64 v t l di gp p/q=1/2
nh sau:
Nh vy, trng bc x ca anten mch di s
o
c bp sng chnh ng vi gc ti khong10 , cc Hnh 3. Mt ct bc x ca anten mch di.
0
i ph th nht ng vi gc ti 20
4. Kt lun
Vic s dng phng php Moment phn tch c tnh ca anten mch di cho kt
qu chnh xc vi thi gian chy m phng trn my tnh nhanh hn cc nghin cu trc y
khng nh u im vt tri ca phng php ny trong vic phn tch, tng hp anten mch di
v c th c s dng trong phn tch cc anten c kt cu phc tp khc.
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1] GS.TSKH. Phan Anh, L thuyt v K thut anten, Nh xut bn Khoa hc k thut, 2007.
[2] TS. Trn Minh Tun, lun n ng dng phng php moment trong bi ton phn tch cc kt
cu in t phng c kch thch bi sng chy, 2003.
[3] Harrington, Roger F.: Field Computation by Moment Methods IEEE PRESS Series on
Electromagnetic waves, 1993.
Ngi phn bin: TS. Phm Vn Phc

NG DNG LOGIC M TRONG H THNG IU KHIN MC NC

APPLICATION OF FUZZY LOGIC IN WATER LEVEL CONTROL SYSTEM
TS. TRN ANH DNG
Khoa in TTB, Trng HHH
Tm tt
Bi bo ny cp n vn thit k, xy dng m hnh th nghim h thng iu khin
mc nc s dng logic m xy dng b iu khin trn phn mm Matlab-Simulink kt
hp vi Card Advantech PCI 1711 chy trn min thi gian thc. B iu khin t
c cc ch tiu cht lng tt khi i tng khng c miu t bng mt m hnh ton
hc c th
Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 32 11/2012 59
 CHO MNG NGY NH GIO VIT NAM 20/11/2012

Abstract
This article refers to design, implementing issues of the water level control prototype using
fuzzy logic for synthesizing the controller in Matlab Simulink software combined with
Advantech PCI 1711 Card to run in real-time domain. The controller has achieved good
performance while the plant was not described by specific mathematical model.

1. t vn
Hin nay h thng iu khin mc nc, mc du trong cc b cha, bn cha, ni hi...
vn ang c s dng rng ri trong nhiu ngnh cng nghip khc nhau, tuy nhin ch yu vn
dng phng php c in, tc l iu khin mc cht lng trong mt di rng t hmin n hmax
no . Trong nhiu h thng iu khin mc hin nay, vn gi cht lng mt mc c nh
t trc khi m lu lng u vo, u ra lun thay i v nh hng ca nhiu tc ng
c t ra. B iu khin PID c s dng rng ri trc y trong cc h thng iu khin
mc p ng c cc yu cu ra khi nh hng ca cc yu t trn cha mnh. Khi
chng c tc ng ng k n cht lng iu khin, i tng li khng c m t chnh xc th
phi p dng cc phng php iu khin khc b xung cho b iu khin PID b li nhng
khim khuyt ca b iu khin ny. Mt trong nhng phng php iu khin hin i c p
dng rng ri hin nay l ng dng logic m vo iu khin. B iu khin m va c th tch hp
c cc kin, kinh nghim ca cc chuyn gia li khng cn bit nhiu v m hnh ca i
tng, ng thi rt thch hp cho cc qu trnh khng i hi tnh tc ng nhanh ln nh h
thng iu khin mc cht lng. Mt khc vic xy dng h iu khin tr tu nhn to chy trn
min thi gian thc cng l mt vn mang tnh cp thit hin nay cn phi c nghin cu.
chnh l ni dung m bi bo ny cp ti.
2. B iu khin m
Mt trong nhng ng dng mnh m nht ca logic m m ln u tin c nh ton hc
ngi M Zade a ra t nm 1965 chnh l b iu khin m. Hot ng ca mt b iu khin
m ph thuc vo kinh nghim v phng php rt ra kt lun theo t duy ca con ngi, sau
c ci t vo my tnh trn c s logic m.
Mt b iu khin m bao gm 3 khi c bn: khi m ha, thit b hp thnh v khi gii
m, ngoi ra cn c khi giao din vo v giao din ra (hnh 1).

Hnh 1. Cc khi chc nng ca b iu khin m.

- Khi m ha c chc nng chuyn i mi gi tr r ca bin ngn ng u vo thnh

vect c s phn t bng s tp m u vo.
- Thit b hp thnh m bn cht ca n l s trin khai lut hp thnh R c xy dng
trn c s lut iu khin.
- Khi gii m c nhim v chuyn tp m u ra thnh gi tr r y0 (ng vi mi gi tr r
u vo x0 iu khin i tng).
- Giao din u vo thc hin vic tng hp v chuyn i tn hiu vo (t tng t sang
s), ngoi ra cn c thm cc khu ph tr thc hin bi ton ng nh tch phn, vi phn...
- Giao din u ra thc hin chuyn i tn hiu ra (t s sang tng t) iu khin i
tng.
Nguyn tc tng hp mt b iu khin m hon ton da vo nhng phng php ton
hc trn c s nh ngha cc bin ngn ng vo/ra v s la chn nhng lut iu khin. Do cc
b iu khin m c kh nng x l cc gi tr vo/ra biu din di dng du phy ng vi

Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 32 11/2012 60

 CHO MNG NGY NH GIO VIT NAM 20/11/2012

chnh xc cao nn chng hon ton p ng c cc yu cu ca mt bi ton iu khin r

rng v chnh xc.
3. Thit k h thng iu khin mc nc s dng logic m

Hnh 2. M hnh th nghim h thng iu khin mc nc.

Cc chi tit trong h thng: 1 - Van tuyn tnh cp nc vo b (van 1); 2 B cha cn
iu khin mc nc; 3 - Van tuyn tnh tho nc ra khi b (van 2); 4 - B cha nc; 5 - Bm
nc tun hon; 6 - ng ng; 7 - Cm bin p sut qui i ra chiu cao ct nc. Van tuyn
tnh l loi van tng t, c gc m van ph thuc tuyn tnh vo in p iu khin cp cho van,
c th l khi in p iu khin thay i t 0 n 10 VDC th tng ng vi gc m van t 90 n
0. Cm bin p sut l loi cm bin tng t c tn hiu in p ra t l vi p lc tc ng ln
c cu cm bin. Khi qui i ra chiu cao ct nc th tnh t ng ng dn nc vo cm bin
n nh ct nc ta c lng qui i nh sau: chiu cao ct nc t 0 n 100cm tng ng vi
gi tr in p ra t 1 n 5 V. H thng c 2 b nc: b trn v b di. B di l b cha
nc cp ln b trn thng qua van 1. B trn l i tng iu khin sao cho mc nc ca
b ny lun c gi khng i theo lng t trc. Nc t b trn c tho xung b cha
thng qua van 2. My bm nc s dng in p 220V bm nc t b cha ln b iu khin,
trong trng hp van 1 ng th nc s quay v b cha qua ng ng hi.
Nh vy, gi mc nc trong b trn khng i cn phi iu khin 2 van tuyn tnh.
Nu mc nc l thp so vi mc t th phi m van 1 v ng van 2, nu mc nc l cao th
phi m van 2 v ng van 1, nu mc nc l th ng c 2 van. Trong iu kin khng bit
r rng v m hnh ton ca b nc v lu lng chy ca cc van th vic la chn logic m
thit k b iu khin l ph hp.
Hp cng c Lgic m (Fuzzy Logic Toolbox) l t hp cc hm c xy dng trn nn
Matlab gip cho vic thit k, m phng, kim tra v hiu chnh b iu khin m mt cch d
dng. thit k b iu khin m trong hp cng c ny, ta c th thc hin thng qua dng
lnh hoc thng qua giao din ho. Bi bo ny cp n vic s dng giao din ha
xy dng b iu khin m. Trong m hnh vt l s dng 2 van tuyn tnh, nh vy phi xy
dng 2 b iu khin m iu khin 2 van.

Hnh 3. Ca s son tho b iu khin m.

Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 32 11/2012 61

 CHO MNG NGY NH GIO VIT NAM 20/11/2012

Giao din ha ca Matlab xy dng b iu khin m c trnh by trn hnh 3. Ti

y c th d dng xy dng cc hm thuc cho u vo v u ra, cc mnh hp thnh, la
chn lut suy din m, lut hp m v lut gii m.

Hnh 4. Hm lin thuc ca bin ngn ng u vo v u ra.

Hnh 4 biu din cc hm lin thuc ca u vo v u ra ca b iu khin m cho van 1
(FC1). Bin ngn ng u vo (sai lch mc nc) c 5 hm lin thuc: minus (m) dng hnh
thang, zero (khng) hnh tam gic, small plus (dng nh) hnh tam gic, medium plus (dng
va) hnh tam gic, big plus (dng ln) hnh thang. Bin ngn ng u ra (in p iu khin m
van 1) c 5 hm lin thuc: big open (m ln) dng hnh thang, medium open (m va) hnh tam
gic, small open (m nh) hnh tam gic, close (ng) hnh tam gic, tight close (ng cht) hnh
thang. Lut hp thnh ca FC1 bao gm 5 mnh hp thnh nh sau:
R1: nu sai lch mc l dng ln th van1 s m ln.
R2: nu sai lch mc l dng va th van1 s m va.
R3: nu sai lch mc l dng nh th van1 s m nh.
R4: nu sai lch mc bng khng th van1 s ng.
R5: nu sai lch mc l m th van1 s ng cht.
Sau khi c lut hp thnh, ta chn thut gii cho thit b hp thnh v khu gii m t ca
s b iu khin m FC1 (hnh 3), trong lut hp thnh c chn l Max-Min (khu suy din
m Implication theo thut Min, khu hp m Aggregation theo thut Max), khu gii m
Defuzzyfication theo thut im trng tm.
Vic xy dng b iu khin m cho van 2 (FC2) c tin hnh tng t. Cc b iu
khin m trn Matlab-Simulink c hot ng trong ch thi gian thc vi s tr gip ca
card ghp ni Advantech PCI-1711 lin kt vi m hnh b nc. Mt trng hp thc nghim
trn m hnh vi mc nc t l 50cm c trnh by hnh 5.

Hnh 5. Qu trnh mc nc tng t 40cm n 50cm v gi n nh mc ny.

4. Kt lun
M hnh th nghim h thng iu khin mc nc s dng logic m xy dng b iu
khin hot ng vi cht lng nh mong mun. H thng ny c th dng lm thit b th
nghim v iu khin m v lm tin pht trin thnh cc h thng iu khin mc cht lng
trn thc t p dng l thuyt iu khin hin i nng cao cht lng sn phm.

Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 32 11/2012 62

 CHO MNG NGY NH GIO VIT NAM 20/11/2012

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Phan Xun Minh, Nguyn Don Phc - L thuyt iu khin m - Nh xut bn Khoa hc v
K thut, 1999.
[2] Nguyn Phng Quang - Matlab & Simulink dnh cho k s iu khin t ng - Nh xut bn
Khoa hc v K thut, 2005.

Ngi phn bin: TS. Trn Sinh Bin

NGHIN CU NH HNG CA CC YU T MI TRNG BIN N

C LY HOT NG CA CC THIT B THY M
THE STUDY OF THE SEA'S ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT TO
OPERATION RANGE OF UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC EQUIPMENTS
KS. BI VN GIAO
Lp Cao hc K thut in t 2010-2012
Tm tt
Hin nay cng ngh thng tin v tuyn di nc s dng sng thy m ang pht trin
mnh m c bit l trong cc lnh vc thu thp d liu hi dng hc, kho c, tm kim
cu nn cu h v an ninh quc phng. Vic nghin cu nh hng ca mi trng truyn
sng m cho php xc nh c ly hot ng ca cc thit b thng tin thy m vi chnh
xc cao v x l d liu vi tc nhanh, p ng kp thi yu cu tc chin trn bin.
Abstract
Nowadays, underwater wireless communication technologies using underwater acoustic
are growing strongly, especially in the areas of the data oceanography collection,
archeology, the search and rescue mission and Defense security forces. The study of the
environmental effects on the underwater acoustic propagation allows to calculate the range
of underwater acoustic equipment with high precision and to process the data with high
speed, to meet the requirements of the warfare at sea.

1. t vn
nh hng ca mi trng n s lan truyn sng m lm thay i c ly hot ng v
chnh xc thc t ca thit b thy m (TBTA) so vi gi tr tnh ton theo l thuyt. Sng thu m
v s lan truyn di nc ca n c pht hin ln u trong th chin th II. T n
nay vn ny lun c ch trng nghin cu v c nhiu cng trnh nh gi, kho st s
lan truyn sng m trong mi trng nc bin, s tc ng ca sng m bi b mt, tnh cht
y bin v cc thng s mi trng nh nhit , mn, p sut
Trn phng din l thuyt, mt s cng trnh ln nghin cu cc yu t mi trng khng
ng nht-phn lp gy nh hng ti tm hot ng ca TBTA c cc nh bc hc (Lin
x c) nh L.M. Brekhvski, V.N. Chiulin, A.S. Stascevitr thc hin.
Trn phng din thc t, vic tnh ton nh hng ca cc c tnh mi trng bin, xc
nh gi tr ca chng bng cng ngh thng tin xy dng bc tranh truyn sng, d bo c ly
hot ng ca TBTA c nghin cu, trin khai nhiu nc trn th gii.Trong giai on
u cc chuyn gia thu m ch yu ch trng n cc iu kin khi c ly hot ng thc t ca
cc TBTA nh hn nhiu so vi c ly nng lng khi gradient tc c gi tr m (khc x m), s
c mt ca cc lp nhy tc m Sau ny, ngi ta pht hin ra hin tng lan truyn tn
hiu thu m xa hn nhiu so vi c ly nng lng. S xut hin ca knh m ngm, knh tip
gip b mt, vng pht hin xa cng c tnh ton v nghin cu Nhng cng trnh nghin cu
lu di trong lnh vc l thuyt lan truyn sng m trong mi trng nc bin cng vi cc thc
nghim a dng, phong ph trong nghin cu c tnh hi dng hc cho ra i nhiu cng
thc, chng trnh tnh ton s nh hng ca mi trng n s lan truyn ca sng m di
nc n cc phng tin thu m [1] c chnh xc cao v ng dng thc t ln. c bit
gip to ra cc thit b dng d bo tm hot ng ca TBTA trong iu kin thc t. Trn c
s cc d liu thu c t cc trm kh tng thy vn bin, t cc chng trnh kho st, o c
bin xy dng cc atlt v s phn b ng tc sng m ti khp cc i dng.
Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 32 11/2012 63