Professional Documents
Culture Documents
دليل حرائق خزان&#
دليل حرائق خزان&#
Uploaded by
Ahmed NooriOriginal Title
Copyright
Available Formats
Share this document
Did you find this document useful?
Is this content inappropriate?
Report this DocumentCopyright:
Available Formats
دليل حرائق خزان&#
دليل حرائق خزان&#
Uploaded by
Ahmed NooriCopyright:
Available Formats
- -
3 .1 .......................................................................................
4 .2 ............................................................................
7 .3 ............................................................................
10 - .............................................
11 - ......................................................................
18 .4 ...............................................................
20 .5 .....................................................................
23 .6 .............................................................................
23 : .....................................................
23 : .....................................................
26 : .......................................................
36 : ...................................................................
39 .7 ...............................................................................
39 : ....................................................
40 : ............................................................
40 : ........................................................
41 : ....................................................
43 : .............................
47 : .........................................
49 : ) ( .......................
50 : ....................................................................
52 : ......................................................................
53 .8 ........................................................................................
:
55 ................................................................................ -
56 ........................................................................ -
57 ) ( .......................... -
58 : .......................................... -
60 ) : ( -
64 ............................ -
72 ) ( ................................... -
95 ................................................................ -
2
-1
) .
( .
. BP 17
.
* Fire-Last 16
.
.
3
-2 :
- :
-:
.1 ) ( .
.2 ) ( .
.3 ) ( .
)( ) / / / / (
) (
) ( .
) ( .
- : .
- ) ( .
4
) (
) 6 . ( 2
)
) .... (
.
.
-:
:
) ( .
.
.
5
:
6
-3
Last-Fire
.
) ( :
/ . .1
/ . .2
. .3
. .4
. .5
. .6
. .7
. .8
) ( . .9
:
. .1
. .2
. .3
.4
.
. .5
. .6
. .7
. .8
) (. .9
7
%2
%5
%22
%18
%2
%2
%13
%20
%2
%2 %7
%5
%16
%19
%3
%5
%8
%27
%3
%3
%11 %5
8
.
)
(
.
9
: :
) ( .
) ( .
*
.
:
- .
- .
-
) (
) ( .
10
* Last-Fire
) ( .
: :
. ) (Last-Fire
/3-10x1 / /3-10x2
/ /3-10x13/ /3-10x27/ .
50
10 ) ( .
110 / 0.1 = 3-10x2x50 /
11
:
.
.
.
.
.
:
.
.
.
12
.
) (
) (
140 ) 260 (
. :
13
.
14
:
)
(
.
15
16
*
) (
-1 :
.
.
-2 :
)
( .
) ... ( .
) ( .
-3 :
.
.
.
.
.
-4 :
.
.
.
17
-4 :
.
:
:
: / .
: .
: .
: ) (
.
:
.
: ) (
.
: )
... ( .
: .
:
: .
: .
) : ( .
: .
: .
: ) LEL
/ / .
: ) ( .
: ) ( .
: .
: .
: .
18
19
-5 :
) 46 150 (
) 83 272
( .
.
* .
83
) 8.8// 2 (
:
.
.
.
.
) ( .
.
20
*
8 /. 2
:
.
.
)
( . 5
-:
.
.
.
:
" "
.
) . ( 5
.
JSA .
) (
) . ( 7
21
:
.
*
2003 ) 7
(.
22
-6 :
: :
.
.
)(NFPA
.
.
: :
%15 :
NFPA %60
) 80/ 50/ ( .
1
* %15
% 15
). (% 6 - %3
23
.
NFPA 18 )60(
.
6.5 / /0.16) 2 / / (2
%60 10.4 / /2
)0.26//. (2
100 ) 38.8(
.
8.1 / /2
)0.2 / / (2 %60
12.9 / /0.32) 2 / / (2 5
.
) ( .
. %6
. %3
24
) ( NFPA + %60 NFPA
6.51//2
10.4//2
)0.16//(2
9.81//2
15.7/ /2
)0.25//(2
:
100 )38( 200
50
)90( .
65 100 )38( .
65 .
) (
.
.
.
25
) 2 (
*
.
.
*
.
: :
*
.
.
*
: } - {3
} . {4
:
:
-1 :
.
26
*
.
-2 :
.
-3 :
) (
.
.
* :
)
(
.
27
) ( NFPA
2
30 4.1// < 100 ) 38 (
2 > 100 ) 38 (
55 0.1//
)
. (6 )
( )
( .
28
.
.
* %15
) )(ETBE ( )) (MTBE (
100 ) 37.8( .
.
:
) (
) ( .
29
4
) ( :
*
) ( )( NFPA
** 20
< 100 ) 38(
*** 30 4.1//2
** 30 ) 0.1//(2
> 100 ) 38(
*** 55
)*( %15
)) (ETBE ( )) (MTBE (
100 ) 37.8(
.
.
)**(
.
)***(
.
30
31
) ( :
) ( NFBA
12.2//2
20
0.3//2 ) (
20.4//2
10
0.5//2 ) (
) ( 5
12.2 / / 0.3) 2 / / (2
24.2// 0.6) 2// (2
) ( 6 600
) NFPA . ( 5
32
) ( 6
33
34
:
:
) 7
( .
) %1 %3
%6 ( %3
%6 .
.
) %1 ) . ( %3 Last Fire
( 2002 .
% 1
.
.
) ( 6
35
: :
) 7 (
:.
-1 > 18 ) 60 ( :
4.1 / /2
)0.1// (2 )
( .
.
-2 < 18 ) 60 ( :
4.1 //2
)0.1// (2 )
( .
-3 :
.
-4 > 18 :
4.1 / /2
)0.1// (2 )
( .
) ( .
36
-5 < 18:
12.2 / /0.3) 2 / / (2 20.4 / /2
)0.5// . (2 )
( 4.1 / /2
)0.1// . (2
.
.
.
) (
) (
.
/
.
.
37
-6 :
.
2.1 / // 0.05) 2 / / (2
) ( .
) (
) ( .
38
-7 :
: :
:
: .
: )
600 ) 2000 ( ) . ( 5
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- ) ( .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
) ( 4
. .
.
.
) / / / ... ( .
.
39
) ( Line Heat Detectors ) (LHD
) . ( 7
) ( .
: :
.
.
) (5
.
* :
) / /
.... ( .
: :
.
.
40
: :
.
.
.
.
8
.
41
. 25
.
42
:
-
.
.
-
)
(
.
-
.
: :
. .
.
90 .
.
43
.
.
.
.
.
) 2 / /(2
)0.05// (2 .
.
44
NFPA
.
.
6.5 / /0.16) 2 / / (2 8
)1.5(
50 / 10.2) 2 / . (2
.
.
.
.
) ( 20
.
.
.
.
45
3
50
)165( .
) (LPG ) (LNG
) (Deluge .
) ( 10.2 / /2
) 0.25// (2
.
46
: :
.
:
) (1
.
. 5
47
:
. .
) (2
.
.
48
: ) ( :
.
.
) ( .
.
NFPA ) (11
:
4// 0.1) 2// (2 .
/6.5///0.16) 2// (2 .
2600 /
)650/( 4504800) 2 (2 60 .
.
)
( .
)
( .
.
) ( .
49
.
: :
.
.
)
(
)
( .
.
1000 ) 265 (
24
. 25 200 ) 6.5 53 (
.
50
51
: :
%3 %97 %3
.
) (1 ) (
%3 .
:
+ NFPA ) % 60 ( 10.4 / /2
)0.26//. (2
%3
)
65 (
/3 / / / / /
269 1019 4 16 8284 30 138 523 26 8
421 1593 7 25 12941 48 216 817 33 10
606 2294 9 35 18628 68 310 1176 39 12
824 3122 13 48 25360 93 423 1601 46 14
1077 4078 17 63 33121 122 552 2091 52 16
1363 5161 21 79 41913 154 699 2646 59 18
1682 6371 26 98 51749 190 862 3267 66 20
2035 7079 31 119 62616 230 1044 3953 72 22
2422 9174 37 141 74527 274 1242 4605 79 24
2842 10767 44 166 87468 321 1458 5522 85 26
3297 12487 51 192 101439 373 1691 6404 92 28
3784 14335 58 221 116440 428 1941 7351 98 30
6728 25485 103 392 207013 761 3450 13069 131 40
10512 39820 162 613 323453 1188 5391 20420 164 50
15138 57340 233 882 465775 1711 7763 29405 197 60
26912 101939 414 1568 828052 3042 13801 52276 262 80
42050 159279 647 2450 1293843 4754 21564 81682 328 100
60552 229362 932 3529 1863132 6846 31052 117622 394 120
1 / )( NFPA + %60
52
:
= 0.83 .
.
152 )6 ( .
.
.
8 :
:
.
.
/ .
.
) ( .
.
. GESIP
)
(
.
.
53
.
.
54
:
* . NFPA
* GESIP .
* LAST-FIRE ) . (2002
* 2021 / API /. 2001
* 2 .
* . 1988
* . BP
* .
* BP 1211 1301
. 2000
* BP . 1994
* BP ) ( 91/33 " 2002 " .
* . BP CP 15
* .
* .
* .
* .
* .
* . NFPA
:
* ) SRC ( .
* - .
* .
* .
* .
* .
:
* API .
* BS .
* FSIA .
* LPG ) - ( .
* NFPA .
* QSB .
55
" "
.
.
.
56
) (
1990-1989
) . ( .
)50 (
-:
4/ ) 14/ 13 -/ ( .
) 25 28 - ( .
.
:
1.5 ) (
1.5 0.3
3 1.0
17 2.0
2.8 ) (
2.8
1.5
4.5 +
< 24 +
.
- .
- .
.
.
.
.
57
.
.
- :
- .
- .
- .
- .
.
.
) ... ( .
- .
.
) ... ( .
- .
.
) - ... ( .
- :
/ .
/ .
) ... ( .
58
- :
) ... ( .
) ( .
) ( .
) ...( .
) ... ( .
) - ( .
) ( .
:
) ... ( .
) ... ( .
) ( .
) - ( .
) - ( .
) ( .
) ... ( .
) ( .
) ( .
) - ( .
/ ) ( .
.
.
.
.
) ( .
59
) .
1987 1982 160 ( .
.
300 600 ) 150
320 ( .
212 ) 100 (
2000 .
.
60
:
-
.
- ) ( .
- .
7/ . 2 / .
30 45 / 12
18/ ( .
61
.
.
:
- .
- .
- .
) 12 (
.
62
) ( .
.
63
-1 :
.
.
.
.
.
:
2002
Last Fire
-2 :
1935
.
64
-3 ): (FP
:
- )
( .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
FP
. . %3
-4 ): (AFFF
AFFF
. AFFF :
- .
- %1. %6
- .
- .
- .
- .
AFFF
) :
(
AFFF
.
* AFFF *
65
-5 ): (Syn.-Det.
) (
.
-6 ): (FFFP
FFFP AFFF FP /
AFFF . FP
FFFP
.
FFFP
FFFP
.
-7 ) ( :
"
" .
) (
.
. AFFF
AFFF
.
%3
%3) (%6 .
66
-8 :
.
AFFF
.
.
-9 :
) ( 121113012402
.
)
( .
-10 :
.
-11 :
) FSIA ( www.ogp.org.uk:
:
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
67
:
:
:
) - / -
- ( .
:
-
- )
... ( .
:
.
:
- :
.
- :
.
.
- :
)
( .
- :
.
- :
.
68
:
-
.
-
.
- ) ... ( .
:
- )
( .
- .
:
/
.
)
( .
69
:
"" .
NFPA
) 11
( .
-12 :
. -:
- .
- ) ( .
- .
- ) ( .
) ( ) ( ) ( .
70
:
-
) ( .
- ) ( .
.
.
- Last-Fire
)
... ( .
71
:
:
) (
.
) ( Jockey Pump
4 6 ) ( .
) (Pressure Switch
)
" 6 " .
" "
( .
) 100 330- (
/
.
.
72
:
) ( Ring
.
) GRP
} { ( .
65 ) 2.5 ( . 2
) ( 6 .
45 ) 150 (
90 .
) ( .
73
:
) % 1 ( %3 .
25
200 ) 6.6 53 ( .
.
Last-Fire .
.
.
74
) ( :
)
( .
75
. NFPA
65
)3(
45 ) 2( ) (
) ( .
76
. .
35 ) 115 ( .
.
77
:
.
... .
78
) ( .
...
.
79
:
30 ) 100(
.
.
.
80
40 )130( :
.
- :
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
:
) (
.
) (
.
) (
.
81
.
.
.
.
2500 /
) 660 / (
. .
82
* :
.
:
.
.
.
) NFPA ( 11
18
) 60(
80 .
.
.
) + (
.
83
.
.
6.5// 0.16) 2/ / (2
. 10.4 / /2
) 0.26// (2 .
60.000/
) (
.
.
84
:
5000/ ) 1320 /( .
5000 )1320 (
30 )
5000/ ( .
% 3 . % 6
15 .
5000/ ) 1320/( .
. AFFF
FP AFFF .
) (
.
.
85
:
: 25 ) 6( :
25 ) 6(
.
5000 / %3 135 /
)36/( 5
.
.
: 200 ) 53( :
200 %3 5000 /
) 1320/( 1.5 .
5000/ ) 1320/( 200 25
. 7500 / ) 1980 / (
225/ ) 60/( % 3
200 ) 53(
.
: 1000 ) 265( :
1000
. .
.
: :
15000 - 10000 )4000 - 2500 (
15000 / ) 4000 / ( .
.
86
/ :
70 )3
( . 20 25 ) 82 -65 ( .
.
.
:
120 ) 5( 100 ) 4(
250 ) 10( 150 ) 6(
300 ) 12(
.
70 ) 3 ( .
.
87
:
.
.
.
80 )260 (
%3 10.4 / / 2 52276 /
)1380 / ( ) ( 50700 /
)13400 / (
2500/ 6
67000 / ) 17700 / ( 3
6000/ .
.
) (
.
.
.
-1 )
/ (
.
88
-2
2500/ ) 660/( .
.
-3
. ) 2250/(
)3600 / (
. )4500 / (
.
-4 :
-
20
)65( .
.
)8//. (2
-
... .
-
.
- ) 5000 / ( )1320 / (
.
-
.
-5 NFPA
11 .
( RTPP) Round The Pump Proportioning
.
89
-6 200 )53 ( +1000 ) +264 (
.
.
-7
5000 / 1320) + / (+
.
-8
.
-9
/
:
-:
80 =
5028 55000) 2 = (2 2 =
10.4// 0.26) 2//(2 =
) (
x =
52281/ ) 14000/ ( " = " "
%3 =
65 =
)
( .
90
x x =
65 x 0.03 x 52281 = " " "
101948 ) 27000 ( . =
50000 /
55000 = 5000 x 11/ ) 14500/(
= 65 x %3 x 55000 = 107250 )28300(
11
5000/ 5000
55000
132
75 )3( 12 88
75 ) 3( 11 8
.
15000/ )4000 / (
4 -:
60000 = 15000 x 4 / )16000 / ( .
56 x %3 x 60000 = 117000 ) 31000( .
12
5000 / ) 1320 / (
96 75 ) 3( .
144 70 )3 ( 32
150 )6( .
30000/ )8000 / (
15000 / )4000 / (
.
91
-10
100
75 )3 ( 125
)5( 20 )65(
.
. .
-11
. 80 )260 (
53350 / ) 14000 / ( 10
)145 / (2 11 5000 /
)1320/(
75000/ )20000/( .
92
:
.
.
45 .
93
) - (
. .
94
-1 :
.
.
.
-2 /
-3
-4
-5
-6 5 4 3 )
... (
-7 :
) ... (
-8
-9 :
) .. ( .
-10 :
.
.
.
.
) .. ( .
......
95
You might also like
- Art of War: The Definitive Interpretation of Sun Tzu's Classic Book of StrategyFrom EverandArt of War: The Definitive Interpretation of Sun Tzu's Classic Book of StrategyRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (3321)
- The 7 Habits of Highly Effective PeopleFrom EverandThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective PeopleRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (2568)
- Habit 3 Put First Things First: The Habit of Integrity and ExecutionFrom EverandHabit 3 Put First Things First: The Habit of Integrity and ExecutionRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (2507)
- Habit 1 Be Proactive: The Habit of ChoiceFrom EverandHabit 1 Be Proactive: The Habit of ChoiceRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (2558)
- Habit 6 Synergize: The Habit of Creative CooperationFrom EverandHabit 6 Synergize: The Habit of Creative CooperationRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (2499)
- The 7 Habits of Highly Effective PeopleFrom EverandThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective PeopleRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (353)
- The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeFrom EverandThe Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (5810)
- How To Win Friends And Influence PeopleFrom EverandHow To Win Friends And Influence PeopleRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (6533)
- The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: The Infographics EditionFrom EverandThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: The Infographics EditionRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (2485)
- The Perfect Marriage: A Completely Gripping Psychological SuspenseFrom EverandThe Perfect Marriage: A Completely Gripping Psychological SuspenseRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (1121)
- Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On ItFrom EverandNever Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On ItRating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5 (3297)
- The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeFrom EverandThe Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (20060)
- The Iliad: A New Translation by Caroline AlexanderFrom EverandThe Iliad: A New Translation by Caroline AlexanderRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (5719)
- Pride and Prejudice: Bestsellers and famous BooksFrom EverandPride and Prejudice: Bestsellers and famous BooksRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (20479)
- American Gods: The Tenth Anniversary EditionFrom EverandAmerican Gods: The Tenth Anniversary EditionRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (12954)
- Wuthering Heights (Seasons Edition -- Winter)From EverandWuthering Heights (Seasons Edition -- Winter)Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (9974)
- Remarkably Bright Creatures: A NovelFrom EverandRemarkably Bright Creatures: A NovelRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (5661)
![American Gods [TV Tie-In]: A Novel](https://imgv2-1-f.scribdassets.com/img/audiobook_square_badge/626321117/198x198/22ab6b48b6/1712683119?v=1){kind=icon}
