Standard Test Method for Designation: D 4940 - 98 (Reapproved 2003) Conductimetric Analysis of Water Soluble lonic Contamination of Blasting Abrasives' none se of ev 1. Seope 1 Tastes met scribes proce frp eval tuba of shaves forthe presence of oie contamcaton by determining the total concentration of weer soluble ionic contaminants by means of a conductivity test, 1.2 This test method does aot identity the ionic species ‘present nor provide quantitative results on each species. 1.3 This test method is based on a volume comparison among abrasives of similar sizes. A volume comparison is ‘more closely related to sutace area ofthe abrasives than is a ‘weight comipaiso 14 This standard does nor purport to aaldess all of the safety concems, if any, associated with is use. It is the responsibilty of the wer ofthis standard to establish appro priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- Pils of regulatory limitations prior 10 use 2. Referenced Documents 24 ASTM Standards 11193 Specification for Reagent Water” E ification for Laboratory Filter Papers? 2 Other Standard: ISO 1127-6 Preparation of Steet Substrates before Appli- cation of Pains and Related Produts - Test Methods for Non-Metallic Blast Cleaning Abrasives - Past 6: Detemi- ration of Water Soluble Contaminants by Conductivity Measurement™| 23. SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings SSPC-AB 1 “Specification for Mineral and Slag Abrasi 3. Summary of Test Method 321. Abrasive and pure water are combined into a sury that is stimed to leach the soluble salts fiom the abrasive. This sai Reel ayaa alin a trp "ol BODY ASW Sent al Al BOOM ASF Sardis, No 1405 ‘aie fom SSAC: Th Sit for tie Cig, 0 26h slumy is filtered and conductance ofthe filtrate is measured “The conductivity, which is related to the concentration of soluble jonie materials contaminating the abrasive surface. is caleulated from the conductance and the eell const. 4, Significance and Use 4.1 By-product abrasives manufactured from slags that are sir cooled or quenched with pure water, normally contain low ccancentrations af ionic materials, as do mined mineral abra- sives. However slags quenched with scawater or ofr con taminated water, contain high amounts of ionic matersh as does seashore sand. This contamination of the abrasive can transfer 10 the steel surfaces being biased, where it may accelerate corosion. This test is useful in establishing the cleanness of the abrasive at the jobsite “42 This test method provides a value that indicates the concentration of total water soluble ions based on their cleeteolytic mobility. Thus, i provides an indication of ionic corrosion postal None 1 typ vlue of condi fora high eel of coz sation S00 men. Apical afr alow evel of eonaintion 5504 ser. 5. Apparatus 5.1 Conduetivity Bridge and Cell—Any commercial con ductivity bridge and conductivity cell having a range of atleast yao «9 1090 000 puntavenr aa temperature wpe ‘tion capability is satisfactory. Either a dip-ype,pipettype, or cuptype eal may be used. A means of adjusting for tempera: ture of controlling the temperature is essential. While some instruments have an adjustment vo compensate for temperature, ‘ne means isto use 25°C constant temperature bath Anather method isto str the solution with a clean thermometer while the vessel is warmed or cooled by an extemal soure. [Nore 2180 1127-6 i amie mat for asessing the level of soluble sat contamition preset nam abrasive ees from hs est mth in vo major areas (1) The IO mb nea weight o volume ratio heten the abrasive andthe id Geonzed water sed tat sob sal from the Sasive. The ASTM metho allows a wer to measure a owe packed Yolo of abvasive and ix tat base with an eal volume of agen ‘war. The SO method well sited to us ia abaoy seting bats owl suited we in the eld. The ASTM need is wel suited for use Inthe field or labety{2 The 80 mat eps th ft of th keel fet an sens of mlScnersn, nes thn eet wc yn, The 190 mei ne ok Suni ths tx oe ers wg Sl Compl ei Sli thd Conparion The ear are te tic to mak dict compris tetec th rea tae welt mets aac ‘Wigolune vrs Vlomeelane in! Cone: In un ASTM? Mod te uh of seater kno: hi inlet ings fo stmt ao beeen sous) an esd sng tis st thod pwede a thse Semi ing ‘190 I1ZT6 prec inpriasBeen Red Uns for Each Meh Anetta y SSPC ae tt th lve oder of estate we ng each Ope of peer on rae ae as Sma The lsd er Cvwlon ren eto etn {ip The war mic coraain pace ween sane eh {Suind md pee y te wo ier tds Ass th ‘towed galing evra sls wn the 80 Pred to shoved Suing evraed it ven gree in SPC ABT ‘imering om 50 Reported Uso ASM grad Ui meng fm newt ae mt et th 80 inthds tke poses The ten fase fm moo lien no ls Ms Mho Pe Ceninsae dc (3 10°) snc Per ewe 1 itisemen = 10°) 10 en! Tn ne isn = en pion 522 Filter Paper, conforming to Specification E832, Type 1. Class €, to keep silt from fouling the surfaces of the conductivity eal 6, Reagents and Materials 6.1. Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests Unless ethersse indicated, itis imtended that all reagents conform tothe specifications of the Committee on ‘Analytical Reagents ofthe American Chemical Society where ‘uch specifications are availble” Other grades may be used, provided itis first ascertained thatthe reagent is of sufficiently high purty to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of ‘the determination. {62 Purity of Water—Uoless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined by Type IV of Specification D 1193, ‘63 Potassium Chloride (KCI oF 0.02 N KC! solution), 7. Sampling 7.1 Sampling shall be as follows unless otherwise agroed upon between the purchaser and the seer, Take 10 1-L, ‘amples of abrasive at random from diferent packages ofeach Tot, batch, day's pack, oF other unit of production in the shipment, When no markings distinguishing between Units of -roucton appear ake Samples from the diferent packages in “fant Coal, dmeran Chen! Sack Spica, Ames Cen Socey, Wang, DC, Fr segs on he ig fees nt ont Nasinal Pom, US Praga Contin. SP Ree, the ratio of two samples for each 5000 kg, except that for shipments of less than S000 Kg, take two samples. Test the samples separately 8, Calibration and Standardization 8.1 Determination of Cell Constant 8111 The conductivity cell will come witha predetermined ‘consant. This constant should be checked periodically, one rmathod being as follows: 8.1.1 Prepare a standard solution such ay 30.0005 solution of KCI by diluting a 0.02. KCI solution with water or by dissolving 0.0372 g of KCI (weighed after heating for 1 h at 105°C) in water, followed by dilution to T L. Con! ond measure the conductance at 25°C as described in Se =" 9, Calculate the cell constant, Kas, a8 follows K-Ci) A o where Cy. = conductance, measured at 25°C (see 10.1), mo, and C, = conduetivity, 72 ymhofem (from Table 1), None In genoa he cll sonst is ot greta by ria tons in the stength of the KCL scition, bt, for eter asc imesienees shuld be mae ator pea the speci conduit ofthe SSlton to be messed and talus tht use te le ge ofthe scale ofthe conductivity bide, ing the sme mili tp. 8.1.2 Table 1 gives values of specific conductivities for corresponding KCI solution concentrations whieh are useful for abrasive testing 9. Procedure 8.1 Preparatian of « Slurry Filrate: 9.1L Rinse beakers, stirring rods, and funnels wit reagent water until ests show the rinse water as a conductivity of 5.0 tumhofem or less 9.1.2. Add 300 mL of water to 300 mL of abrasive and sir for 1 min with a string rod, Let stand for § min and then sir again for min, 9.1.3 Filter suicent supernatant guid for tests, discarding the first 10 mL ofthe filtrate, The amount of supernatant liquid filtered shall be sufficient to cover the cel 9.14 Rinse the conductivity cell in weagent water until the rinse water isa cleanliness of 5.0 phfem of less, 9.15 Rinse te conduetivity cell wo or thre times with the filtrate then determine conductance at 25°C in accordance with the operating instructions of the instrument. Use successive Portions ofthe sample until a constant value is obtained, TABLE 1 Specie Conductvtes for Potassium Chorde (KCI) Concentrations at 25°C Tesi, Oy XeiReapos WEI Couey Noma isn Sousen 9 tem 3008 our 7 001 eons " 008 O38 7 ear on thethe specific conductivity of the abrasive as follows C=C, | e UL, Report 1. Repon the following information: 1111 The calibration value of the cell constant (both as measured and as predetermined and supplied with the conduc- Livty cell) the date, andthe name of the person checking the calibration, 111.2 The material, date, readings, and mean in ymibovem ‘long with name of person conducting the tests and ident cation of the apparatus, 12, Precision and Bias 7 12.1 Precision—On the basis of five replicate inerlabora- tory fests ofthis est method in Which three operators i tee laboratories analyzed. in duplicate, six blasting abrasives containing ionogenic contamination the within-aboratory co- efficient of variation (after rejecting results from one set of replicate tests as outliers), was found to be 1.7% with 20 degrees of freedom (df) and the between-laboratory standard «deviation coeficient of variation was found tobe 7.4% with 1S Af, Based on these coeicens, the following criteria shouldbe used for judging the acceptability of results at the 95 % confidence level ILL Repearabiliny—Two results, each the mean of 10 runs obtained by the same operator should be considered suspect if they differ by more than 5 % relative. 12.1.2 Reproducibility —Two resus, each the mean of 180 runs, obtained by operators in different Faboratores should be considered suspect Hf they aifer by more than 2 Se relanve 122 Bias: 1221 Bias can be present because of the mobility of vaious ions. The hydrogen jon has a much greater mobility than the hydroxyl ion or other ions so that at low pH's the ‘conductivity willbe relatively higher than at high pHs forthe ‘umn ionic concentration, However. the bis introduced by this factor isin the proper direction. Tati, high conductivity due to a lower pif of the contamination would normally indicate _reater corrosion potential 12.22 A dias may be intoduced by extraneous contamina tion or from reduced sensitivity of instruments fr low levels of ccontansination in the range of conduetvity between 0 and 30 sumiovem, 13. 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