ISLAMIC HOUSING FINANCE
Islamic Housing Finance
INTRODUCTION
In most socotios today, there is a tinction
bbetween the legal code and the moral code
of the major religion in that society. Despite
this, many individuals choose to order their
personal and busines relationships accoré-
ing to their roligin’s rational moral code.
For example, there is nothing nthe cv aw
cof most countries restricting the consump
tion of most foods, yet many people folow
lotay restrictions sot by religions such as.
Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, and, unt oie
tively recent, Catholicism,
‘Among some Muslims, there is @ sitar
abhoronce for certain Kinds of financial con-
tracts which are otherwise both legal and
‘common among many people, Musim and
‘or-Musim. Broadly speaking, these con-
tracts imolve the payment of a specif
{elum or intrest forthe benefit ofthe use of
‘other people's money. Fo these person, an
|ssvo arisos whenever the consider borrow-
ing funds for housing That issue is how best,
to arrange the transaction to avoid violating
key moral principles percelved by them to
appl
‘Such arrangements are generally krown a
Islamic housing fnanco. The focus of tis
atic ison the ways that Islamic tance Is
Dauglas Diamond is an independent
corer
by Douglas Diamond
practiced curenty, tincudes a discussion of
basic concepts of siamic finance, a descrip-
tion of Islamic financial products generally
avalable and their applicability to housing
finance, and some case stucies of Islamic
‘housing finance in Jordan, the United King-
dom and the United States.
BASICS OF ISLAMIC FINANCE
“Thoreare two basic Quranic concepts shap-
ing modern Islamic france: expt prohibi-
tions by God against nba and maiz What
are these things that are protibited? The
‘Quan, the divine word of God, does nat
‘explain in det Thisstuation has resulted in
‘wide range of intorpretations by Islamic
scholars, some liberal enough to encompass
most conventional forms of racial transac
‘ions? However, the buk of the tadtional
Interpretation ofthe Quran and the associ-
‘ated Suna (the authenticated accounts of
‘the Prophets actives and words) are rela-
tivly restrictive in ways that wil be briely
«dscussed below.
In addition to thesa basic prohibitions,
Istamic finance is guided by a huge, subtle
and fy controversial (here are a ast four
main schools of thought) body of intrpreta-
‘ions of Quran and Sunna presrigtons for
al forms of contractual and commercial ela:
tionships. The sel-imposed limitations of
Istamic finance can ony bo fully understood
wii the context ofthe totaly of classical
Islamic law, not ust the prohbitons on riba
and mays.
‘Tho simpost translation of nba is "usury
‘The concept of usuy has a long and com-
plex history in most forms ofboth cil and
robgious law in Judeo-Christian sockets, 50
its not suprising that tis unclear i Islamic
law as wel. However, the unequivocal con-