Professional Documents
Culture Documents
What are you looking forward to learning during the WWII unit and why?
Write one (or more) thing(s) you already know about WWII.
Philippine Independence
Totalitarian aggression
Totalitarian:
Centralized control by an autocratic authority.
The political concept that the citizen should be totally subject to an absolute state
authority.
Japanese in China:
1931 Seized Manchuria
December 12, 1937: US gunboat Panay Sunk by Japanese bombs on Yangtze River.
3 dead, 43 injured
Italians in Africa
1935 Italy invaded Ethiopia
March 1939 Hitler seized the rest of Czech.; appeasement was a failure.
Neutrality Legislation
Neutrality Act, 1935 Authorized the Pres. to bar arms sales to warring nations.
1936 Extended neutrality legislation Put limits on sale of arms to belligerents.
Cash & Carry A country had to pay cash for goods before they left our shores.
The country at war had to carry the goods on its own ships.
Destroyer-Base Deal
FDR Traded 50 old destroyers for the use of 8 British naval bases.
Lend-Lease
US would lend or lease whatever war supplies we could make.
Supplies sent to any nation Pres. considered vital to defense of the US.
Atlantic Charter
FDR and Churchill met Wanted a better future for the world.
Real reason for the meeting Churchill wanted American troops to join. FDRs
answer is no.
http://avalon.law.yale.edu/wwii/atlantic.asp
Japanese-American Relations
1931-1940 Jap. military aggression was militarily unopposed by the US.
1940 Japan became a partner of Germany and Italy.
Japan attacked and expanded through China July 1941
US Response: Embargo on all trade with Japan.
US and Japan Met; Sticking Point: China.
Japan had a choice: Give up dream of an empire or go to war, they chose war.
America at War
Attack on Pearl Harbor
Sunday Dec. 7, 1941: Japan attacked the airfield and naval base at Pearl Harbor.
Surprise attack 180 Am. warplanes destroyed (120 crippled), 18 naval vessels
were sunk or heavily damaged.
Doolittle Raid
During WWII, the govt. regulated industry and controlled the econ. to achieve
maximum production and efficiency.
Minorities
About 1 million African-Americans served in WWII.
African-Am. Served in segregated units in the early stages of WWII.
Many African-Am. migrated to industrial areas (cities) for jobs.
Over 500,000 Latino-American served and were not segregated.
American Strategy
Get Hitler First
If Germany won in Europe, US would face aggressor nations alone.
Second Front
Russians wanted a second front in Europe.
Wanted allies to invade lands held by Axis powers.
Instead, July 1942, Allies decided to invade North Africa.
Invasion of Italy
July 10, 1943 250,000 US & British troops land on Sicilian coastlines
Germans Escaped to the Italian mainland.
Italians Sick of war; Mussolini Forced to resign (Eventually shot & killed)
Allied troops Tied up thousands of German troops; weakened them elsewhere.
Benito Mussolini
Benito Mussolini
Atlantic Wall
D-Day Code Name: Operation Overlord
Allies - Achieved a tactical surprise; landings were a success.
Secured beachhead One of the greatest Allied achievements of the war.
Generals Montgomery (Britain) & Eisenhower lead Allied forces through Europe
towards Germany.
Re-conquest of France
By the end of July, 1944 the Allies controlled 1500 Sq. mi. of France.
Paris Liberated on Aug. 25, 1944.
By mid-Sept. all of France had been cleared of Germans.
Battle of Germany
Dec. 16, 1944 Battle of the Bulge Germany final bid to break the allies.
Germans penetrated 60 miles creating a bulge in the allied lines.
Foul weather aided the Germans.
Death of FDR
Worn down by wartime burdens, health continued to decline.
Island hopping
General MacArthur & Admiral Nimitz Commanders of Allied forces in the Pacific.
First Naval battle where the opposing ships never saw one another.
June 4, 1942 Battle of Midway US Victory.
Feb.-Mar. 1945 Iwo Jima (650 Miles from Tokyo) US Victory Operation
Detachment
Goal Secure airfield
Heavy losses: 6821 US deaths
Flag raised: Mt. Suribachi