Evolution Unit Test Part 1: Multiple Choice: Choose the best response according to the given statements. 1 Charles Darwin is important to the study of evolution because he: a) Conducted genetic experiments with garden peas 'b) Proposed that the environment could drive evolutionary change ©). Proposed a theory of evolution known as natural selection 4) Proposed a theory of evolution called acquired characteristics €) Constructed a modem system used to classify organisms The term “genotype” is defined as which as the following? a) The complete set of DNA sequences in an organism. b) The set of all alleles possessed by an individual organism. ©) Observable traits that are formed by the interaction of genes and the environment. 4) Individuals with three or more complete sets of chromosomes, €) The total of all alleles within a population. Which of the following statements regarding evolution is true? a) Natural selection is the ONLY mechanism of evolution. ) Evolution leads to more complex traits being formed over time. ¢) Gaps in the fossil record disprove evolution. 4) Evolution cannot be readily testable. @) All species are descendants of ancestral species that changed through time. Antibiotic resistance is an example of what kind of selection? a) Stabilizing selection ) Disruptive selection €) Directional selection 4) Artificial selection €) None of the abov Genotypic and allelic frequencies can be expected to change if: a) There is no migration. b) Populations remain large. ©) Mutations occur. 4) Mating is random. There is no sexual selection. ) There is no natural selection. Microevolution can be defined as which of the following? a) The evolution of microscopic organisms into multicellular organisms. b)_ Adaptations to the environment. ©) A series of random mutations in the environment. 4d) The formation of several very different new species from an ancestral species. €) Changes in allele frequencies within populations and species.7. Distantly related species living in similar habitats in different parts of the world look and act in similar ways. Which of the following best describes this phenomenon? a) Adaptive radiation b)_ Divergent evolution ©) Geographic isolation 4) Convergent evolution ©) Founder effect 8. The term “genotype frequency” is defined as which of the following? a) The proportion of gene copies in a population of a given allele. ’b) The total of all alleles within a species in a given location. ©) A gene that has only a single type of allele. 4) The proportion of gene pairs that are homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive in a population. ) The total of all individuals of the same species living in the same region. 9, Below is an example of an evolving species. This is an example of which of the a) Gradualism b) Punctuated Equilibrium ©) Convergent evolution d) Divergent Evolution e) Co-evolution 10, Which of the following pair of naturalists contributed to the concept of uniformitarianism? a) Charles Darwin and James Hutton ) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and Thomas Malthus ¢) James Hutton and Charles Lyell ) Bishop Usher and Charles Lyell e) Charles Darwin and Thomas Malthus. 11. Evidence from embryology supports Darwin's theory because: a) embryos of different organisms form distinct shapes b) embryos of different organisms share certain basic structures, such as pharyngeal pouches ©) all females produce eggs d) All embryos are vertebrates €) Every embryo goes through a fish stage before they are born12. 14, 15. All of the following can be used as evidence for the occurrence of macroevolution except: a) homology b) vestigial organs ©) fossil records 4) molecular biology e) written records Speciation can be described as which of the following? a) A population can no longer interbreed with the original population. ) Populations live in similar areas. ©) A portion of the population leaves to colonize another habitat. 4) A population that can interbreed with the original population. e) Hybrids produce a new offspring. Darwin's finches have a similar body plan, but increasingly different traits. This is an example of which of the following? a) Convergent evolution ) Homology ©) Vestigial structures d) Microevolution e) Divergent evolution Most fossils are found in: a) Glacial ice b) Sand ©) Sedimentary rock 4) Voleanie rock ©) River beds Which of the following statements regarding cytochrome C is false? a) Iisa protein that helps cells perform cellular respiration, b)_ Used to establish evolutionary relationships. ) Humans and chimpanzees have no differences in amino acid sequences of cytochrome C. 4) Itis the only way to test for molecular differences among species. €). Shows very little variation among related species