wW Nombre hin hia Fecha: el With over 11 million immigrants in the United States illegally, the issue of illegal immigration continues to divide Americans. Some people say that illegal immigration benefits the US economy through additional tax revenue, expansion of the low-cost labor pool, and increased money in circulation: They contend that immigrants bo ing ‘good Values, have motivations consistent with the American dream, perform jobs that Americans won't take, and that opposition to immigration stems from racism. Opponents of illegal immigration say that people who break the law by crossing the US border without proper documentation or by overstaying their visas should be deported and not rewarded with a path to citizenship and access to social services. They argue that people in the country illegally are criminals and social and economic burdens to law- abiding, tax-paying Americans. General Reference (not early pre) or ny. ye) {Editor's note: “Path to citizenship" (sometimes called "amnesty") refers to allowing undocumented immigrants to become citizens via a process that may include additional requirements (such as fees, background checks, or additional waiting times) to the naturalization process for documented immigrants. The term “legalization” refers to a ‘process by which undocumented immigrants would be allowed to remain in the country legally but would not be allowed to become citizens or receive the same rights granted to US citizens.] ts be Francine Kiefer, MFA, Staff writer and Congressional Correspondent for The Christian Science Monitor, in a Jan. 21, 2014 article, "Immigration Reform 101: How Is 'Legal Status’ Different from Citizenship?," available on the Christian Science Monitor website, stated: "Gaining legal status would likely mean three things for people now living in the US illegally. First, they would no longer be subject to deportation solely because they're in the country illegally, as long as they are law abiding in other ways. Second, they would be authorized to. work. Third, they would have the ability to travel in and out of the United States. At least 60 percent of the illegal population has been in the US for more than 10 years... and are unable to return to their home countries to visit family or for other reasons... itizenship for illegal immigrants... [means that as] naturalized citizens, they ible to receive government benefits, such as unemployment insurance andSocial Security. They could vote. And they would be eligible for special _ immigration privileges, such as being at family members into the country. If they commit a crime, they can't be ~~ deported. These privileges of citizenship would not apply to people with legal status.” Jan. 21, 2014 - Francine Kiefer, MFA PRO (yes) Barack Obama, 4th US President, in remarks at Del Sol High School in Las Vegas, Nevada on Jan. 29, 2013, available at whitehouse.gov, stated: *[W]e have to deal with the 11 million individuals who are here illegally. We all agree that these men and women should have to earn their way to citizenship. But for comprehensive immigration reform to work, it must be clear from the outset that there Is 2 pathway to citizenship... We've got to lay out a path -- a process that includes passing a background check, paying taxes, paying @ penalty, learning English, and then going to the back of the line, behind all the folks who are trying to come here legally. That's only fair, right?:.. So that means it won't be a quick process but it will be a fair process. And it will lift these individuals out of the shadows and give them a chance to earn their way to a green card and eventually to citizenship.” Jan. 29, 2013 - Barack Obama, JD yon @ The AIC (formerly American Jewish Committee) in a policy statement accessed on Feb. 9, 2016, "Path to Legalization for Undocumented Immigrants," available at ajc.org, stated: There are an estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants currently residing in the United States. It is unrealistic and inhumane to deport these individuals from their families and lives in the jese immigrants should be offered a path to legal status and ally earned p. This track to citizenship should be realistic, rather than being So burdens hat ration. Allowing these immigrants to regularize a will not only ‘our national security, but will also stimulate the yo” a ince vibrant, and diverse culture.” . 9, 2016 - AIC (formerly American Jewish Committee)wae fd Krayewski, MS, Associate Editor of Reason.com, in a Feb. 7, 2013 article, "5 Reasons to / Grant Amnesty to Illegal Immigrants," available at reason.com, stated: "[W]hat’s wrong with granting amnesty to hard-working, tax-paying individuals whose only f crime Is their immigration status? Indeed, amnesty is not only the best solution to our immigration problem, it is the only feasible solution. Here are five reasons to grant amnesty to illegal immigrants now. a yet 1 Immigration Is Good for the Economy... 2. Illegal Immigrants Already Pay Taxes... (ret cher ae \ 3. Most Illegal Immigrants Are Otherwise Law-Abiding... ( " ) 4, Immigration Is a Natural Right... Tow 4 720 raanrsbl colalee 5. There Are Too Many Illegal Immigrants to Do Anything Else." Feb. 7, 2013 - Ed Krayewski, MA, MS notigg d 6b on Robert Lynch, PhD, Professor of Economics at Washington College, and Patrick Oakford, MSc, Research Assistant at the Center for American Progress, in a Mar. 20, 2013 article, "The Economic Effects of Granting Legal Status and Citizenship to Undocumented Immigrants,” available at the Center for American Progress website, stated: ei, "As our study demonstrates, legal status and a road map to citizenship for the d' unputhorized will Bring about significant economic gain of growth, earnings, tax See ore Hoban of which will not Sezur TH the absence of immigration reform or vwiith reform that creates a permanent sub-citizen class of residents. We also show that the timing of reform matters: The sooner we provide legal status and citizenship, the greater the economic benefits are for the nation.” p Mar. 20, 2013 - Patrick Oakford, MSc Robert Lynch, PhD uate Esther Yu-Hsi Lee, MA, Immigration Reporter for ThinkProgress, in a Jan. 31, 2014 article, 'Why Citizenship Is Better for America Than Legal Status," available at the Think Progress website, stated:"Legal status would boost the economy, but the resulting productivity and wage gains would be much higher the-vast majesty of the undocumented population are granted citizenship. Researchers found that immigrants who are only eligible for legal status, but not citizenship, would contribute about $832 billion to the economy in a ten year period, ‘add 121,000 more jobs per year, and pay $109 billion in taxes over a ten-year aaa i Compare that to a scenario where undocumented immigrants are granted legal status and citizenship at the same time, the U.S. GDP would grow by $1.4 trillion over a ten year | fh period, immigrants would help to create an additional 205 6008 jobs per year, and add y oe $184 billion in tax revenue. In another scenario where undocumented immigrants are ne granted legal status and citizenship after five years, the GDP would grow by $1.1 trillion, there would be an additional 159,000 jobs per year, and add $144 billion in tax revenue.” pareens iM a Jan. 31, 2014 - Esther Yu-Hsi Lee, MA 0 Hillary Clinton, lar Secretary of State, in an article accessed on Sep. 25, 2015, "America Needs Comprehensive Immigration Reform with a Pathway to Citizenship, available at hillaryclinton.com, stated: ‘7__"The American people support comprehensive immigration reform--not just because itis 1 the right thing to do, but because it strenathens families, our economy, and our country. Congress must pass comprehensive immigration reform that provides a path to citizenship, WI treats every person with dignity, upholds the rule of law, protects our borders and national 7 security, and brings millions of hardworking people into the formal economy." Sy Sep. 25, 2015 - Hillary Rodham Clinton, JD @ Bernie Sanders, US Senator (I-VT), in a June 19, 2015 article, "Prepared Remarks for National Association of Latino Elected Officials Conference," available at berniesanders.com, stated: "It is no great secret that across the United States undocumented workers perform a | role in our economy. They harvest and process our food and it is no exaggeration to ( say that, wi im, luction in the United States would significantly decline. Undocumented workers build many of our homes, ™meals, maintain our (op! ndscapes. We even entrust undocumented workers with that which we hold most dear — children... [I]t Is time to end the discussion of mass deportation or self-deportation. We cannot and e not even be talking about sweeping up millions of men, women, and children — ‘many of whom have been here for years - and throwing them out of the country. That's | and that type of discussion has got to end... of all of this is that it is time to bring our neighbors out of the shadows. Itis time to give them legal status. It is time to create a reasonable and responsible path to citizenship. June 19, 2015 - Bernie Sanderste @ Uniisey Graham, 30, US Senator (RSC), in an article accessed Aug. 19, 2015, "Secure Our Future," available at lindseygraham.com, stated: “The flow of illegal immigration across our borders is a threat to both our economic and national security. We need a comprehensive plan to address this problem and it starts with securing our border. On the economic front, American workers, who are forced to pay ‘taxes, are being cheated by illegal immigrants paid under the table. We should require illegal immigrants to register with the government to ensure they are paying taxes, learning English, undergoing background checks, and paying restitution for entering our nation illegally, Then, after living under our laws and our rules, we should require they wait for citizenship behind legal immigrants already in line. Finally, after going through this lengthy process -- including paying fines, paying taxes, learning English, and passing an ‘American civics and assimilation exam -- which should take a decade or longer, an illegal immigrant could become a citizen, rather than remaining in the shadows and outside the arm of the law. Most important, we need presidential leadership on this issue to build consensus and craft solutions through constitutional means, not executive fiat." Aug. 19, 2015 - Lindsey Graham, JD Nathan Thornburgh, Senior Editor of TIME magazine, in a June 7, 2007 TIME article titled "The Case For Amnesty," wrote: "Amnesty has emerged as the pariah term of the immigration debate, disavowed even by those who believe in its goals. But what are the alternatives to letting illegals stay? ;orting millions? Devising other punishments? Doing nothing at all?... Whether you fine illegal aliens or eed einen gicticiacees oniaiska tiem say a hundred Hall Marys, at the end of the day, illegals would be allowed to stay and become citizens under this bill [S. & _ 2611]. That's amnesty. And that's a good thing for America. Amnesty won't depress wages 2, Bearer Ined aire ty tone that honey wince urvdctraive the eae of eer a Soungs SSUMEETIAEMEVE OE With I Precio fon, forgiving a crime may be the best way to 40h. ‘restore law and order. Amnesty won't ni add to the social-services burden. er 7 inesty would offer millions... a fighting chance at self-sufficiency and social mobility." June 7, 2007 - Nathan Thornburgh 9) ‘The American Federation of Labor - Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), in remarks by its President Richard L. Trumka on Mar. 7, 2013, "Remarks by AFL-CIO Richard L. Trumka 2013 Immigration Campaign Launch Event, Chicago, Illinois," at aficio.org, stated: he time for real immigration reform, and I’m here to demand that this reform - must include, a workable and clear and practical roadmap to citizenship for g citizen in America....Right now, today, the United States of America has 11 million aspiring citizens who rent or ‘own homes, who raise families and buy groceries, who work hard, who pay taxes, and do their fair share right here in Chicago, and in thousands of cities and towns all across this coat who live here as second-class citizens, and something has to be done about 1 We don’t want a bunch of useless hurdles to citizenship. We want a simple system that works, a wide path that leaves nobody behind.” Mar. 7, 2013 - American Federation of Labor - Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL- IO) George W. Bush, MBA, 43rd President of the United States, in an Aug. 3, 2006 White House website section titled "President Bush Discusses Comprehensive Immigration Reform in Texas," offered the following: "We've got to make sure that we resolve the status of illegal immigrants who are already in this country. It’s an interesting debate taking place in America -- I'll give you my. position. One, I do not think we ought to grant amnesty to people who are here illegally. ‘And the reason I don't is I think that will encourage a whole other bunch of people to ‘come. But I know you cannot deport 10 million people who have been here working. It's unrealistic. It may sound good in certain circles and political circles. It's not going to work. The best pian is to say to somebody who has been here illegally, if you've been paying your taxes, and you've got a good criminal record, that you can pay a fine for being here illegally, and you can learn English, like the rest of us have done, and you can get in a citizenship line to apply for citizenship. You don't get to get in the front, you get to get in the back of the line." ‘Aug. 3, 2006 - George W. Bush, MBA Senator Kennedy from SEIU Leaders - SEIU Announces Agenda for Comprehensive @ The Service Employees International Union (SEIU), in a Jan. 17, 2007 "Text of Letter to Immigration Reform," available at seiu.org, stated: "Hard working, tax-paying immigrants who are living in this country should be given every tunity to come forward, pay a fine, and earn legal status and a path toward p. Successful reform mandates the most expansive earned legalization provisions id make eligible the largest number of undocumented persons... The benefits of galiz yram are clear: employer compliance with withholding achieved by the highest level of participation in the legalization ‘out of the shadows and be able to work at higher paying and lies will be reunited." International Union (SEIU) in a Nov. 21, 2007 email to ProCon.org, stated:“Our broken immigration system is like an economic superhighway where the speed limit is set at 30 mph. We need to reset the speed limit by creating legal channels for new workers, eliminate family immigration backlogs which undermine our legal immigration system, and create a path to citizenship for those who are here, working and paying taxes... NCLR supports comprehensive immigration reform that includes the following principles: 1) enforcement that is conducted sensibly, effectively, in a manner consistent with our nation's laws and values; 2) a path to citizenship for the current undocumented population; 3) the creation of new legal channels for future immigrant workers; 4) a reduction of family immigration backlogs; and 5) the protection of civil rights and civil liberties.” Nov. 21, 2007 - National Council of La Raza CON (no) rae O Bob Goodlatte, 3D; US Representative and Chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, in ‘a statement accessed Mar. 1, 2016, “Immigration Reform,” available on his US House of Representatives website, stated: “As Chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, I have strongly advocated for immigration reform that focuses on enforcement and upholding the including elimination of enforcement waivers that have been abused By uredious and current ‘Administrations. To be clear, any immigration reform proposal must first guarantee that ‘our immigration laws are enforced both at the border and within the United States, ‘as I always have been. I do not support a special pathway to who have broken our immigration laws. at The Daily Caller, in an Oct. 13, 2015 The Daily ; Citizenship for Illegal Immigrants?," available onj yy oa pay--a way to make amends with the law, effectively go on probation and earn your Way to legal status, but not to citizenship.” ee a Nov. 15, 2015 - Paul fs i ; @ Allan 2: Favish, 3b/attorney, in a Mar. 28, 2015 article, “Senator Ted Cruz's Contradictory Position on Illegal Immigration," available on the American Thinker website, stated: as long as they get to remain in the United States legally, they will have jumped ahead of those in their home count ‘are attempting legal entry. The newly legalized illegal fn immigrants will be able to have c| rn here that will be qiv means-tested welfare benefits, and non-means- (yt'ye citizenship, with rights to @ multitude of } tested-entitiements. These children will become the anchors for citizenship ¥ applications from net parents These benefits will not accrue to those who remain in their countries while attempting to come here legally. by There is only one way to ensure that illegal immigrants go to the back of the line, and that Freee of law is respected, Illegal immigrants must leave the United States without Shy Change in their status under the law beyond what is available to them under present law Sha resent lawful regulations promulgated in compliance with present law.” Mar. 28, 2015 - Allan J. Favish, JD @ John Boehner, then Speaker of the US House of Representatives (R-OH) and House Republicans, in a Jan. 20, 2014 press release, “Standards for Immigration Reform,” available at blogs.wsj.com, stated: Our national and economic security depend on requiring people who are living and working here illegally to come forward and get right with the law. There will be no specia| path to citizenship for individuals who broke our nation’s immig immigration laws - that would be those imi who have ng the tule of law. Rather, these persons could live legally and without fear in the U.S., but only if they were willing to admit their culpabllity, pass rigorous background checks, pay significant fines and back taxes, develop proficiency in English and American civics, and be 272 to support themselves and their families (without access to public benefits). Criminal liens, gang members, and sex offenders and those who do not meet the above Fequirements will not be eligible for this program. Finally, none of this can happen before Specific enforcement triggers have been implemented to fulfil our promise to the American people that from here on, our immigration laws will indeed be enforced." Jan. 20, 2014 - John, ny @ Peter Skerry, PhD, Professor of Political Science at Boston College, in a Winter 2013 National Affairs Article, "Splitting the Difference on Illegal Immigration,” available at the National Affairs website, stated: spaggualio "If we succeeded in removing the le and stereotypes from the immigration debate, our politics might open itself to ce Spproach to the problem: legalization for as/ many undocumented immigrants as possible, but citizenship for none. f them. Under this proposal, illegal immigrants who so desired could become "permanent non-citizen residents" with no option of ever naturalizing. Such a policy would do much to address the predicament faced by the undocumented while at the same time respecting and addressing the concerns of those Americans who have long demanded that illegals be penalized for breaking the law.” Winter 2013 - Peter Skerry, Ph aa atte ~ Raul Labrador, 30/ US Representative (R-ID), in a Feb. 7, 2013 article, "Labrador: House GOP Won't Vote for Pathway to Citizenship,” available at the Talking Points Memo website, stated: bon ie (O° ete peopie that came here illegally knowingly ~~ I don't think theyjshould have 2 path to “ny citizenship. If you knowingly violated our law, you violated our sov , Tthink we yh should normalize your status but we should not give you a pathway to ‘citizenship. “Some y people are calling it a blue card or a red card [as opposed to a green card], think we ; yr Ehould treat them with dignity, but we should also be fair to millions of people that are it 4 waiting in line, that are trying to do it the right way. tps fe Feb. 7, 2013 - Raul Labrador, JD Ri v Z John Kasich, Governor of Ohio, in an Oct. 31, 2015 CNN interview, "SMERCONISH: GOP ve Pres, Candidate John Kasich on CNBC Debate Controversy; GOP Candidates Bash Liberal Media; Political Battle Over Not Prosecuting Cosby; Surviving Politics, TV, and Addiction. ‘Aired 9-10a ET," available at CNN.com, stated: "{ do think we need a fence. I think we need to control our border for sure. But if you're a law-abidin« t has lived here, we'll give you a path to legal citizenship. It is important that we control our border. We Tock our doors so people don't wander into our homes. 1yé’ 4? The country has aright to contro its border, too. To say welre going to pick 10-014 iP, “million people out and shove them out of here, do you remember after World War I when of Sapapeeer imprisoned Japanese and what a dark spot, a dark stain on our history. The idea that he 712 we'te just going to deport all of these people is not going to happen. And it's just not ¢ ight. wis iolin motte 6 Ab cemtens we Oct, 31, 2015 - John Kasi caaeo 8 eae fer Carly Fiorina, MS, maf’ former CEO of Hewlett-Packard in a June 15, 2015 Morning Joe appearance, available at msnbc.com, stated: "In my view, we also have to fix the illegal immigration system, which has been broken for about 25 years now. Everyone talks about comprehensive solutions but nobody starts with the basics. My own view is, if you have come here illegally and stayed here illegally, that you don't deta path te cliven chp — izenship... a esthink legal status is a possibilty, for sure. I think their children maybe can become Gitizens, But my own view is It isn’t fair to say to people who have played by the rules and it takes a long time to play by the rules -- that, you know, it just doesn’t matter.” June 15, 2015 - Carly Fiorina, MBA, MS ‘The Heritage Foundation, a conservative research and educational institute, on the Heritage Foundation’s "My Heritage” website "Immigration" section, (accessed Oct. 3, 2007), offered the following: "Do not grant amnesty to illegal aliens. Regardless of the penalties imposed, any program that grants individuals who are unlawfully present the legal permission to remarr here Fewards illegal behavior and is unfair to those who obey the law and go through the regulatory and administrative requirements to enter the country legally. Those who enter the United States illegally should not be rewarded with permanent legal status or other such benefits, and they should be penalized in any road to citizenship. Those who enter Sid remain in the country illegally are violating the law, and condoning or encouraging eich violations increases the likelihood of further illegal conduct. The only fair way to uchive this problem is to insist that individuals currently in the country who have violated immigration statutes leave and then apply for admission through legal means.” Oct. 3, 2007 - Heritage Found: james Sensenbrenner, JD, US House Representative (R-WI), in a July 1, 2013 article, *Sensenbrenner: The Senate’s Amnesty Echoes Only Failure,” available at The Washington Times website, stated: "Extending amnesty to those who came here illegally or overstayed their visas dissuades people from joining the nearly 4.5 million would-be Americans who are following the rules. This creates economic problems, national security concerns and a human rights crisis as immigrants risk death crossing into America." July 1, 2013 - James Sensenbrenner, Esq. JD Ron Paul, MD, US Representative (R-TX), in a Sep. 14, 2006 press release titled "Dr. Paul's Writings: Paul Votes for Stronger Border Security," offered the following: “The problems associated with illegal immigration cannot be addressed unless and until we gain physical control of our borders and coastlines... The number one priority for Congress should be securing our borders - no immigration reform is possible until then. Once we jake conte ‘over who is entering the country, we can begin to reform the legal ration process... Amnesty for lawbreakers is not the answer, and it's tim: fest oes. it's time to rethink Sep. 14, 2006 - Ron Paul, MDPhil Gingrey, MD, US Representative (R-GA), in his Congressional website section titled "Issues: Immigration" (accessed June 18, 2007), offered the following: “Immigration policy should be based on and adhere to the rule of law. Lege. neg must be enforced consistently and uniformly throughout the United States... Those Hr enter or remain in the United States in violation of the law shall be detained art Ten expeditiously. Illegal aliens shall not accrue any benefit, including U.S. citizenisinhy Heo result of their illegal entry or presence in the United States... Illegal aliens curren Ti United States may be afforded a one-time opportunity to leave the country who: oe prosecuted. Those who do not take advantage of this opportunity will be re permanently barred from returning.” June 18, 2007 - Phil Gingrey, MD NOTES: