(a) ..

( : )
()

( : &
)
8 ..
()
( , ,
, ..)
()
,

: 1,75 ..1,750,08=0.14g
( 1995): 2.5/q . 0.24x2.5/3.5=0.17g
0.14 1.5 1
. . 1 1:3
. . 2
0.17 3.5 3

,
;

( )
;
;

(, , )
,
;


; , ,


,
;
. . 3 . . 4



1 :
:

-

- ()
-
- 2 :
:
(FRP)
- ()
-

:
-
3 :
:
-
- -
-
- -
- 4 :
:

5 :
:
. . 5 . . 6

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1998-3: 2005

NORME EUROPENNE
EUROPISCHE NORM March 2005
& ()
)

=
Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance
(www.iok.gr,
www.iok.gr, /
/ 2008)
2008)

Part 3: Assessment and retrofitting of buildings

8, Part3 Assessment & Retrofitting of Buildings

8:
.
..
.
( ,
, 3, .200
.2009
9) 3: /
(www.oasp.gr)

. . 7 . .
 ;


( )

.



( )
.

() Knowledge Levels (KL)

( )

. . . .

;

< V3 V2 V1 1 2 3
PUSH-OVER
3 2 1
.. M Rd = 150 KNm < M sd = 200 KNm
3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1
: ;
( )
;
; V

A B
V3 V C
Damage limitation V2
Significant damage V1
- Near collapse ( )



1 2 3

. . . .

( ) .
; ;

.. - ( , )
- (;)
-



q;

q 3.5 500 100 600

; 100 100 200

qloc = m
( )

. . . .

C8-Part 3 & ..
C8-Part 3 & ..

;

:
+
+
sandwich
~
8 x

. . . .
 ;
(PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS) ( )
( (LS) )
;
LS of Near Collapse (NC) (),
( )
,


LS of Significant Damage (SD) (), 50

2%
. . 2475
NC2% SD2% DL2%

.
10% NC10% SD10% DL10%
LS of Damage Limitation (DL) (), , . . 475

20% NC20% SD20% DL20%

. . 225

KAN.E

. . . .

(INFORMATION)
(COMPLIANCE CRITERIA)


Sd Rd
: ( , , V) a)
: (.. ) EC8- Part 1
q b)
c)
d)
: / e)
(

(Knowledge Level)
f)
:
, q=?
g)
h) ()
i)
:.
. . .
 (INFORMATION) (INFORMATION)
CF (Confidence factors)
KL

(Knowledge Levels)

KL1: (Limited Knowledge)

() =
KL2: (Normal Knowledge) 1,35

KL3: (Full Knowledge)

=
1,20

=
. . . . 1,00

() ()
..

KL3
KL2 fc: ,
.
.
KL1
: , - , .
: .
- 3
: , , .


- /:45% ../25% . .
(
- /:30% ../25% . .

- /:15% ../7,5% . .
. . fc<15 MPa ): . .

:
:
1.

2. ,

3. , ,

4. / /

5.

6.

7.
. . . .

(ASSESSMENT) d d
,

EC8-Part1 2
= d g T1
: 42 T2

( EC8 ..)
T1 T2 T
(C8-Part 1) V
) ()
) ()
) (push-over) V = d W n
) () 1 1 1
) : ) ) q.
= 2 0,90 1,20
q=1,5
5 0,80 1,35
q=2,0
q
. . . .



V3 V2 V1 1 2 3
PUSH-
PUSH-OVER
3 2 1
V
3 2 1 DL (A)

3 2 1
SD ()
3 2 1
NC ()
V


V3

V2
V1

. . . .
1 2 3

EC8-Part3: (Informative)
..
()
m= d upl
y
() &

() M y Ls
& = ef =
3 y
(s)
F y d u

() Fy

Fy
K=
y
. . y u . .
 lo
:

My, y, y: fy x lo/loy,min, lo < loy,min=(0.3fy/fc)db

: plum x lo/lou,min,
,
lo<loy,min=db fy/[(1.05+14.5 rs sx) fc]
- -

: &
lo>15db

: My, y, y: fy
: um x (10+lo/db)/50,
lo<40db
. . . .

..

:
(DL): d = y

(SD): :
: :

1 y + u
d = d = u
Rd 2 Rd
: Rd = 1,8
Rd = 3,0

(NC) (LV/h)2
: Rd = 1,8
d = u
Rd Rd
. . = 1,0 . .
 8
8 .. 8.1

8.1
8.2


8.2



8.3

8.3

8.4
8.4



8.5
8.5


,
,
8.6
8.6


. . . .
8.7 8.7

. . . .


. . . . 42

,
,

. . 43 . . 44
 P

Rid > Sid

( , , )
(. .6)

. . . .

Fy,
Fy,

Fres,

Fres,

y, y, u, u,

FyFy

u


=
,
,

=

=
y
,
,

u
,
,

F

u

y

. . 47 . . 48
;
;



kk =

jtj jtj jtj
f
kr =

ls jtj h
kk kr 1,0

k =

k u =

T = (1s ) Ab f s
(1s ) Ab f s
, , , T = f ls h h,. =

1
-
s
A s
fs j
f ls
= ki (, , ,

tj

b
l
j t j = h B f

,


.
) : =
B

. . 49 . . 50

2 ( )
fsy ds fc 2 ds 2
( A /s ) = k1
c
0,4 0,30


k 2 E j fctm
j
fc ls ds

A j /s = t j

k1 = 1,7
= 1,5

k2 = 0,3
c
>2
ds

. . 51 . . 52




Building Klinkerstr, Amsterdam





+

A
=
do

j
j
:
z

d

, , , ,

. . . . 53 . . 54

Teng et al, 2002

. . 55
. .
. .

56
 Teng et al, 2002

Teng et al, 2002

. .
. . 57 . . . . 58

j
=
d
-
-

;

1
: jd = f

j
m jk

,
c
r
t d
i
j
=

=
1
,
2

R
d
R
( )

bt



.
j

Le
,
c
r
i
t

j
w:
= w L

Ej2
tj c
L:
Le
=
f
t
m

t j = k t j1 tj1 =
. .
= k 1/ 4 k4
. . 60

P
Ej tj
Pmax Le = V sd, . V cd, M sd, . 0.67 M Rd,
P/2 2 f ctm

Pmax = k f ctm b j L e
Lb P/2
crit P E f
jd = = max 1,15 j ctm
R = 1, 2 1, 2 b j t j 2tj
Le Lb
C16/20
-, tj=1mm
bj=1/2bw. 2 :

fctm 0.3 fck 2/3

= 0.316 2/3 = 1.92 MPa
200 x 1.92 x 103 Rostasy, 1997
j,crit = 1.15 = 504 MPa
2 A j jd
, V sdj = V sd, .
A . . +
f ydo A j
tj
. .
j,crit
61 so jd 62

( .
..)
.)

rip -

-
bonding agent

. . . . . . 64
, 2009, . -

-

Vi

=
F
-
F

j


,


.

Vi-j

FAB F

: j
a

kk = 0,85 kr = 0,95 ky = 1,15 ku = 0,85

M '

a
+

Vi
j =
.
= V'
: z V V
z' z'
.

kk = 0,80 kr = 0,85 ky = 1,25 ku = 0,75

Vi-j
',V' =,

a

Vi

VR

j


.

d

.
-

f
s
ds

c
t
mf

=

0
,
1
8

A
i
n
a

y
k

. . 65 .
. 66

..

. . 67 . . . . 68
 . . 69 . . 70

OXI NAI

45

. . 71 . . 72
 . .

73
. . 74

Ah
Fc
=
4
uo

fc
+
1
0
nb

+
nD
Fu
s s
b

t
m

D
(Ref. 10, 12, 24)
: -

{
{

{

()

2000

A s

t f
fc

fy

0
.
8
d 2h

s
w

t
m

w
d
, .

s
w

f ctm t

y
w
d

kk = 0,80 kr = 0,90 ky = 1,25 ku = 0,80

()
() . .
75 . . 76
 (Vsd>VRd3)
(Vsd>VRd2)


fck,c = (1,125 + 1,25a w ) fck

()
() ()

() () ()

() () ()
:
(), () , ()
()
1 R

() ()
Vs

+
V

:
d

R
d
,
r

R
M
d

(), () , (), (),(),() &
. . 77 ()
. . 78
V

R
d
3

=
VR

=
Vc
+
V
+
Vj

j
d
;
d
3

w
d

Asw
: Vwd = z f ywd ( cot + cot a ) sin a
Sw

: Vjd = jd j bw h j,ef ( cot + cot a ) sin 2 a
(Vc)

2A j
j = Aj = tj wj t j = Aj / sj h j,ef = 2 / 3 d
s j b w sin
2 s
Aj j

j
Vj
=
j
j
b
hj
=

hj

,
e
f

,
e
f

= 45 = 90:

. . 79 . . 80
 ...

(150 200mm)

1 =
jd f jk
m
(a) ( )
m =1, 2 f jk = f syk

.
.

m =1,2 f jk = E j j,crit j,crit = k v j,max k v = 0,5 () -
-
()
j ,max = min ( ju , 1,5% ) = k 1/ 4 max kv = 0,5
. . 81 . . 82

j,crit
jd jd,crit = k v j,max < jd,"" Rd = 1,2
Rd

b . j f ctm
j,max = Le = = w L
tj 2t j

0,525 0,5
kv =
0,40 + 0,25 0,8 > 0,5

h
= = Lv = j,ef
Le Le

jd,crit jd,"" k v = 1,0

jd,crit < jd,"" k v
. . 83
83 . . 84


. . 85 . . . . 86

. . . . 87 . . . . 88

c q:
q = q/qo
FRP (qo EC8)
f*c, FRP :

f*c,

q 1

>

2
d =

q
-
1

<

2
fc

2
0,85fc

:
0 co
cu *co *cu, FRP *cus (d 1):(1/r 1) = 3
:

=
2
,
5
1
s

*c
= 0, 0035 + 0,1w
*

/
r

y
cu

= 0, 0035 (f :f c )
*
cu
*
c
2 w :
: * = 0,0035 + 0,1
cu w
*cu = 0, 007 (f c* :f c ) 2
CFRP: *
( )
2
cu = 0,0035 fc : fc
*

GFRP: fc* = (1,125 + 1,25 a w )fc

f c* = (1,125 + 1, 25 w ) f c *
(
= 0,007 f : fc *
)
2
90
cu c
. . . . 90

m:
q, d m.

u: ( .7.2.5)
1/r

u,. = ,. y
y :

L +a z (1/ r )y d bf y
(1/ r ) y d b f y y = (1/ r ) s V + 0, 002 1 0,125 s +
L
Ls + a V z h
y = (1/ r ) y + 0, 0013 1 + 1,5 + y
3 h
3 Ls 8 fc
8 fc
( )
d :

= d
H
= d tot
H .

*c

1/ r,. = 3 d,. 2. .
u
,

w, 91 . . 92


. . 93 . . 94

CEA, Sacley
. . 95 . . 96
CEA, Sacley




9
9

9 ()

CEA, Sacley
. . 97 . . 98

9 :

9



9
9

( ) ,
9



( )
9
. . 99 . . 100


: )
( )
)






. m1,5
.


. . 101 . . 102

. . 103 . . 104


P
h
F

l s

Fs .
:
Ns L
Ns
h
50 mm
Fs
2V
Fs = Vs Rc Min v= h=0,005

P
sd
:

: :
L bw =
Ns = Fs N R = f c' t w b w 0,4,
=
l

f c' = 0, 6 f c
Vs Vu,w ( )

:
tf + ac t f
f = wcd cd
l 1 h 1 wc,fd tw
F., . = Fs N R > n D u F., . = F.,. > n v D u
L 2 l 2

316 min
. . 105
V =
u, w
1 0,3

f (
wtd 0 )
+ +
Rd a s . .
f L t
+ h wyd w w 106

( )

:
()
()
. . 107 . . 108


&

, V, .





,
. ..




..

. . . . 109 . . 110

Pn tan
Asw f ywd www.episkeves.civil.upatras.gr

,
. . 111 . . 112