labus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class Available Online @ http: /imwfeconlineinfo Passican. GuAntity The yuontity vehich con be meass 2d 4% Amowon “as Physiend Boamtity Fhe property at Aha matley vohich is velalel Ue 1) reascvomert a calhed Prgsicind Guantty . 2. Tgpes:. | Shere. ave Htieo vay the phaaiced Taps Sects. “gprs ato @-~ Seater Quari (b) - . Vector duane Bea LAR raitcon:- Lh is leaf tidy colaceh 15 fe Degint ‘onie a physic vayvtidy os conn Uleby cage Bey th oneiitide wth f ‘ ey UrAd. a. ededplus; Mass» “clislance , sped, anergy, wah voline,. temmperative toma! ovea, ° pelantial Power sx iting charge, to. ha ncelais aye added , subbactd, amaltaplied and cevidedl by ordlunayg yudes 4 avithmedPe . Vecror a Depinikion Te A physiead eyvontity othech “a comp Otely ciserioed hy ads amragritiide ovelh wope writ as well “as dedten a. Examplss:- Diplacment, velacty . Octeleyaltcon , pores wecght, mamentim , hayoe » Ongulev vebocaty Guby cecedeyalion te on Yeelers canmat be oodeA , Auittacted, rast lid Gad clividadk Ay ordmsayd avdtenchic laut me aise. ‘the methods of Veliv addition Page LNo. 2 VecT0e REPRESENTATION 1 Syrrbobicctly | Mathematically: — A veil ia vepreserted hy a blfér woith an areas chad aheve or below it eg LA ka, “@ A tan abso +e represeateel doy & Aold face éler “ Pagnitlade, 4 a& Marples mol. I mre rend vecliy tS cadled mmactu dues ee a widiv, wo to represented by OO vecliy Aeticeen five Bowl jana tlal Ueto Modi 3 rect A 4 veclay A fk weler can ate represeatecl prune tte batles 4 2. Graphical by Graphically a vedler és vepreseriteck by a. Ahaight Che which £8 ahawde Acecraling to she Aeledteol Acale aith an Oorew hen - Fe lovgth Gf the bie gives the magrtlide of the velar tnd | Arias had tadltcatss the divedion ef the veelor et a cortade f veyurre Tivo thiligs . OA pital “Acale G)~ Direction Indecats, (tn = Repereree. axes dn order to repre care op geegraphia olin) (tn case ob & Dea elect fF ang Page2Fee Onkineinfo Chapter No. 2 ax esay approach fe Intermediate | Accorcling to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI ds = Aaailal vodney Ign, fconline nfo 2clecl L@)- Suitable Scale. A suitable Acale & \ fo that vector Ahostl have Length arecordiing to the magnilade of the veclay . Gi). Diredion' Indicator .~ - Direclion Indicator consists due nately bins. ghe Aortxcttal fine ‘inclteatet erprendicutar . East. West cand vertiiad fine’ inckicdles Nenth - South By comporing the arre.o ~ hese! Nn a veelir “wth oltveclion jndicatey, we can Say About it dltvedtfon . Ww E => Lor angular AtreLion vererence Akes oy _Evdwolenaile axis Ss Ore ased sad eye -obMeclion jrolitcale» . Rererence Axes | Coordinate Aues, In 2. Dimension NERO clraon at right amples to each ther We Amown as Covrdltenale YOnes ond therr powt 4 felecredion is “Anon @s 6, Yeanis K- axss xe axis Bs named as k-€ anc the axis. Usvatly the -amis 4 taken as wal axis “with the pestle oltrection the vesticel Cous te the Srigad Vand 4oais as with the“poslimn tection 1 pesard. Page3{labus Of Punjab Text Book Board For se Online ht fsconlneinf According ti sna Cartesian or Recta agules Cooveliraile Sy slew * She Ayslrn of coordinate Axes inurbch eve ute and gf Compre é 7 xis cabled! Contésian or Reclang Sypslem. ws caslestan ng eee ays en ¢ Pn “Pin a pare avin uy coordinales (a,b) canbe t repusenitel by a, . ib vepresentalive dine oP ae 3 making an Angle @ —_ c whe with +e X-axis in x ° a. x Arilvclock cise oltvection As shown in Pigure . ¥ The co-orclincdéd of 06! i ? (a,4) * means th igviwe y’ Stax pom 282 cay yeach “P by Caak Arunt at ng 88 Kock ts Y Qed then” “bond along the +ve f KIS In 3 - Dimrsions TT She altreelon 8 a adler in space yequites Another anis coheh Vs of ight angle to both 7 anc yraus She Third Axis 1 Pealles R-auis z Jie dérclion of 9. veclar in space. spectgion ay three dng tes which Ag yepresentalfve fine of the vedlor, makes with Lh yand X-anks reaps cclivelly «The aout oy Prot a vetin © 4, Ahels denoted by three Goordindlis (a,b ec). 4 Page’Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI Le Online http://www fsconineinfo According to 8) st Ava ry Aden) of bay cahich has Mize or more veelers £4 att the same eqgect an # the vedlivs ‘tote. aelded . Ancor os the resuitrnt > i, Any. ~~ +, Br ave Yesuttent 2s Ayeoke bea be A= Ase ow AE Symmbaol EZ (45 ome) 2 he above egy usittem ratte addition waphteal method @ a. Craphicatly vector Oe 2 fiddled wrethod , hoy Mead Te leit! ki ~ HEA: 7a" Tait RULE HS ube UA < of ad 2 eet veep nadag & = ho Aue he fer ner tne maper Acale. “Head tnd _tudltcatsd c bear Step 2 1- Redrals the npitsentar ~. vectia te puch a eony' | dhat Ah. -— vedey coiretdes wx eB Th reseltont of obtained by Fire, & nites vector eth te head A 2 Explondtion ,- Consitler toe seats A end & ~ Yeprenented by the stiatght EB and 68 vey cltvelly aAccove Abe feat ar Ahaws — ww BAgure (A). 7 eddy vein A ls vedhewon te @ certade — frome Af reqevence, Vector BH ain ae Auch, a eabh vecton 2 tat? Gq pial one. PageNo. 2 Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Le Online http://www fsconineinfo According tt sna @ way that tarl of Accond veelr coincieles —eaith head op the qisst va cloy % sheeon iin Hee ® ee Lg . Figo) (+) cbt R be the resultant vebter ak is represented by the dine 5B. f- a, 4 =2aGe ae (3) Secondly se gan Cal R uith Be Read p veer B Dn this case - Reaee Vheregore, SN At B= B +A - So the vecla" addilion A Aatd to Le Commutative “ut means thet cohen ~vedlers ave add=!, the vesublnt 5 Aame fer 7 x dong ovday of addition, 0 Nore 5 4 veclora are | Praretel ly Gach ether then hy Read ~ te tact" yale , the magniticle of the yerubtant vector is eye te the Aum the magnitude of até the vers eohieh ore ty bd added. ‘ PageOta Intermediate. According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI acne ach Co ee eae eat NEGATIVE Oe _A ate Deginifion s- A vecler having 2 ame. mitude as that 4 Af. Hyer vector tout wu oppose in clitvection Ts calfecl megalive of & vectiy 2e Fer Bxornpols. ws A AA a given “veclor vepvesentec! ~ Fy a Fine a “hen a nf evil ue av a oy _ dine all {ppl =/96 - ve 49 ny tad reeds Bibra the ore qste a clevthd. bed Sy pacrion inion; The Aulilsion of Lion veclérs aves QO yesutlant vector \ohtch & he celedelton afore velar exith negalerof the atther one y Explanation tog he “subtiacktor, of a veelar 1's equivalent 0 the addition ef’ Qame vecler eoith £7 XB ddltyelfon yeversed a Thus Zo subtract vecky & from vec lov AY, the ad pleoig Alps ave applic . @- Drao_ghe reprise talive firs ies and BS tna leerlad vectors AM rence. &)- Reverse the oliveclion a . oF vedor B whichis ~~ —— tohe Aulstiacld from 8 — vecly KR. (ire race = the negative vector er a > AS shown tH Fi (8) Page 7Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI Le Online http://www fsconineinfo According to § sna G). Add -B te the gist vet AT Aécd-to-tact yule ar heron R+CR) oR 8 Mut BT Eh eel ors Qe__A _vecTor By SA SCALAR I. Muttiplicalion vith numbers @)~ Arfositive number; When a vector A is smaltip tied boy 0 sitive mumber no, then the prmduct A cegined to he A mew vedler nA” Aoving dhe ome cliredion as A hut a grilide _p Vines to the mag Mucle of A oe mIAT ) ge de oh, Bow 244 2B ew b&b) A Negative numlear mnurmbay s When a veclor Ks oui negative number — "then clegned to he a revo vector Pst PageNo. 2 According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class X1 Available Online @ http: /imwfeconlineinfo Shaviog the opposite (yeverse) clivedtion as A” hat a mivlade Times le the mage Cacle op At = > 2 nlAl or |n@l) eg a x cw ~~ -2A _ 2x4 = Bend Magnetide eg a vecloy cannat a(t regal ve. So Negative sign ust ineltcates “IS r = mV P f Kg mS = Kgoms [MELT '} e (mur) PageAccording to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class X1 Available Online @ http: /imwfeconlineinfo Unir Vector A vectey whose mnacgrilicte ws ane. and it poib ie jk Atrecleon J 6 gran ve day cabled a Unit ver, 2- Baplanation Rs is used to repre Ga wedi, tt A veprrentid A al the pa ln a Lite, ite a Nhat en” One *t re A (ican he read New Consider a veor A avestg me ili TR] And 2h unit vectors AQHE ubethy A? con be eteliruvedt om, > wR adelA wad eve gere t a velar Carbs Alaiined fog rultiplyeig 2B magnitude wih nit yeclav. i Frm “above eayallen) unit veel fan be ohio ar a A Ao A @ Unit Orthogonal Veckivs The divedon alloy kg dnd 2- axis re ger revally veered unt veclirs ve, by tf and kK respec ve ty 4° Since these unit veclays ave 2," mutually nerpendseular to each wther ‘so! these Ove Called Unit Orthogonal vectra, [el aff) = 1Rp = 2 Pagel{labus Of Punjab Text Book Board For According ti valle Onlin tp ficonlineinfo Cormpornest of a ‘veetor 4 - A component of a vectir os iw eggective vale or Progeetten in a given cleredlien “A vedlon -ahag "he esnarclced as the resatlowt component vectava along the Apergied atredfon RECTANGULAR Com PONENTS. OF _A_VECToR » Depy- The componente of A vector tohrch ave et right angles ‘to dachathe Care called veclavpular Components On. Vhe components a oh necby wlth are Along muitrally “peng alrrections are ‘called ecb She compenenit dhah bs is called horn'zortidcompeneat white. the athe hd Ys _ verhical component oP Delving oF Rectingula components Considler a vey A yepwserited ¥, dog the fine OP mabaing an angle or with waits A Draws perperdiadar nm este Y-axis, ore 4 Om will he the eggeclive ge Ad value oy ry fectton vectoy A along x. ant , oe Onk be Vrepresertect Reed, t fy Ag or NE ~ Compoone vt, Pagel 1No. 2 Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class X1 valle Onlin tp faconlineinfo Abus hae puperdzentar dom spoil P? on W Yeanis » then @@ eit? fe the oy prgectton 4, vedls A aton it yepresented J Additeg Ag and ay weclive value yoaats And ee by Aead te tril! rede Aaa Ay. Aw HAs Aye “A hus At and Ay fare Ahes dom) or nents vecliv AY. Stree these ave at yal "omgle te each other, hence these avereatied vedlang lar Gemponents an A. x Ve gind Gut theValue of 1- Component Comstaley right aglicl trtangée 9PM Baw am _ An Cos@ = Wr a % and 3 Pe: Po Sine = ae a oS A, = Asia) nd Ay df = (Agine) sf Paling values, at An dnd, Ay 4, equation QD So A” = (Acoss) f+ A sieer) d- Delrin alton of 4. Vecloy vom ats Rectang lay 1 orice wclangulay COmporeaAls a the 4 a vecler ave gion hen Geld tng sth. Comporent vectors Jo ¢ 7 v Pagel 2According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI Sail Onin hn faconline nfo Head te tack yule as Akon oe Pore ‘We obta®. Kas a yauttant ¥, vector op the compres fee _ Re An + Ay o = Agt +Ayd nanituDe” We can sind aut the magnitude a vecloy boy wig Riteqoman Sheora vt vn A OPM | 2 (OP) = EMMY 4m ee So IA =/An 4 AS Foy Direction :3 Pw ycg Tjmnemelire. lis on the ce ork ed aw a a9 tama, = ME a Om [o=*9 5 | ~ Vheregove. a vedliy EK Aas heen comp tetal : anf ai peeeal ft piling 4 it mag nitide and Pagel 3No. 2 Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Le Online http://www fsconineinfo According ti sna Position Vector te Deginition yA victor whith aleserthes the focailion of tecke with repect to the origin is cailecl position vedteyy 2, Explanaiiion;. Oe he position vwecln 2 denéted b Ut Ls epreserted doy a Atratpht Mite glyacon “in Asch alway that its tal coinetcledpuatt. ie origin ant “head with the point Got fparlicke A becalid » (6). In 2. Dimension s- stn order to fecate a peivltela y ma me (in 2-dimenspapy be - Pia.) a vecki ik drawn -frong 1 I Origin O’ te “P. ty i I whe PR ection of spain ver *) he anc Spc Bens Lo oe "the coovdisiBs @ and | x 4. FE “b? And thag are the yeclangulay Com, 4 Gf the velar”? Hence a ipl Foal y bf &)- En 3. Dimension s- and wn itheee ¢ the . pes vecler Tela poitt Pla,b.c) & Ahewon He Figure (5). bt can be vepresected as =Ote ‘é +k mstonal 5 avcl Page 1 4{labus Of Punjab Text Book Board For According ti i ZAuailale Online hit: fsonlneinf ipmple 2.14. She postion of Lou derplores at “Ong instant ave vepreserited hy tive point A224) avd B(S,6,2) fom an origin GO’ in Km. (@)- What are they posiliin veelics > -QY- Colette the abvitrce Aetiseen “the tee dexopbnes. Gey A pesitien vectoy is qin Ay Q)- - ae Ats4) : Paatsbfe chk SaThus potitten vector vest Aeroplane. ‘A’ is $F TP 2 OR 2 27. agra Ard the Aecord aeroplone is Tr = 66 = Si tefrge As prom Figure by Read to Catll vate. OR +ABOS 38 2 the Aiplicemert velar behoen Live = 08-R. . AB a(bocfe 7h-22+ag+48) = St-atsep-agy 2h-4k (Mewwe between thus wept 4 i we NA ve ~ the Page 5No. 2 Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Le Online http://www fsconineinfo According tt sna ——Vecror Appition By RecrANGULAR - COMPONENTS LAR and & he tivo vecors which ave vepresented boy the Tivo directed ‘Mines OM dnd On vespectively «She vector B is addéd te K bog the head to tat! vule of vedlor addiTien Let BE toe the vesuttant vector which fs represented by the Aine OPcbRrch i making an angle @ with %~ Onis . Rane Jn ordes 'to vesolve \theovedlors RK and © inte rectangular paresis , craw peypenoltealars MA and “PR pram promls ‘MA* and “P’loncais. Also draws pypepiltedlar prom mt on the bine PR, Re Ant + Ayd BaBih +B and Ra RP ay As from figure O08 = Ay , Ms Ay Ms 2By | SP = By OR 2 RR RP 2 Ry From geemelery op the Figure = ‘tong! otal F "0 OR = 0L+AR Bie Ra ms 5 OR 2 OQ EMS Pagel 6xeaay approach te Satermediate | According to Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class X1 vale Online @ tpmtv > [R =A a, -———. @ = rer Ro aw RP rere which means ahat Zhe Aum the aragniluclees 4 - Compourerls g Hive Teeth, whreh “ave te be hited ds Feqyualto the o- Comypemantt = Gf Aha resuttont . Again rom gremfoy or Fy: elena Ye aft - PR=Rs+ sP As R&z Am So PR= Gama sP > Ry = Ay + ®y a 3) Boer R = Rg = (Ryd Bag he ey @ Ahows Rab the Aum oy the meget pni'livcles 4 oF Pare sone ty, wie vectors whieh ave oddle A cpl Ho the y- Compost or th routtant wie eS ine Ry t and Q do are’ che redlangutor Comer % Rsullart veetee a) Hence RR” a Ais Ba) o + Cy Byy Maaniruve r- > OAS Ra Rt 4 Rig whe magnihidle 4 the reseclbant vector R fs ven as q Ra. Re RP Ro akArr By Ayr Ry)” cd Page 17According to Syllabus Of Punjab vale Online @ tpmtv DIRECTION 3- Direction op the resultant vector R can be ckkvminecl as y =tax & 6 =e YA al (Fay Om tam (Ge $$ ___/ For Any Nummer —OF COPLANER VecroRS COPLANER VECTORS whe vedlovs whch are dyieg in the Aame flare ave ee aw coplaney veclévs. Explanation for Rowbat Vestn ” bet we have Ging oumbe SF ep ene, vectors Be, Let “Se be het veruttant veclov ire Ra A+ Buey.- Ond Pati ae Then Acc ovoliing to equalton © and @ Ra = Ant Bat Cyt - Ry = Ag + By+ Cy e- « and Pagel 8Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI According to se Online @ hipmi,fconlneinfo Sail E For MauniTuDE :. 9 formula Jer onagenilade q 1a weoter. R 2 fea oO ov OR s[Av ere Fp erg) Foe DIREcrion +. Using Jere he clive = taw! By 6 = tax! Aye Bye Gites - Ast Berit Kia Sree s ee the Cyetler add Tion boy irectanpulay comporedts \Becwits cy the plllecsis step Pr 7 : d Stepet:. Fada and “y compuncals o WO en vedtins fF % + Step- 2 ABQ. componert “Ry” ap the A. Nubltint vecbol | by “tig he inp an Shep pee p the resubland & 2 3B ie Find y- Componcal he veductlan ie vectoy i addl.g Hay. on up» of ad vedi J we PF Sp 42- Find Ue magnitude A resatlant vate R vy aAieg x Rm [RR » Sep- ie aiid the divettion eg renittant veelor yf 7 ° seh ere? js fhe i tact Ra wolleh vests Boe Oe es Pagel 9Fee Cntine info No. 2 Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class X1 vale Online @ tpmtv Existance Or Tie Resucrant Vecror Lat EvARRANT The Aira oh Ry And “Ry? delevmines the Qruadrart! ewwhch yesutiont vector P24. For that Aurpese proceed a Grven below, "Yt ddimine the take of tad’ Wy =p tem: the cabalaloy ov by consuttig * trignendli tables by ignenitg athe AG BPR! and’ By Bo bo eth Ro ad Ry comperesls Are positive, He, te weuctbort bs 50 Oe rial gubelrant and ik dtrecdton fs Yd tal 7 =o. f We i ve | Re ee ot ae | az Y Qz He yesttlavt | Reeve Rysave bith fie the recond| Rye ve Ryerve quadrant and | bowen eve itt altyection is sy tomas O=1B0-p by Ale ty bth Qe! a and Ry Are IRyuve Rye eve ve. , HA result) hig eve Ry ove Bis in the thir tow aeave tang eve gpuodvant and ih altedtion 4 | QUF , o- G=I%+9 1 Y y- 4 RQ ts ave Ond Ry ts —ve , the resultant is jn the qourth Guechort and its altvecBion iA Cor ees, ae - he angle Norge OB Ee eclors A” and ®, Let Br be the dng il ie ee atte) vest witl have onagniTuels Ra [ALB ALAA Coss Page2ONo. 2 Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Le Online http://www fsconineinfo According tt sna Example 2.2... Taso porces oh magritile LON Aine -..20N act on a hedy th clevecttna wath Ging le Be dnd Go with x~ dni’s respect iy Find the resultant force. Solutions Feion Gia 3s Faz Bur @, = Go" —— ~ Step ( = X= Componerty, % aTAE X— Comy at of pirat gore he Ke Compt oF Ackond bee Fx = DO’, "= 20 Gsa")W E, = (2eko.s = lOnv Ye Component Whe g- @mponert g git fovea _ Fy = GF Sie, = (19 Gs 30") Fy = Wx OS = ON whe ge Component 4 Pecond “pore Gy = GeO, = Qu vise) = Qox 0.866) 7 By = (7. BLw 4 Step -(i)- the mag. *ude t A-compererd Fe op the -resulltnt gre F f Foe Fat Dien Fo = 866410 = '8.66N Page2 1No. 2 According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For vale Online @ tpmtv The magni y-campurestehy of F Fy + By = S4#/7432 = 22.32N Step - The -magnilide “F” the veyltQnt joue F + &* i Falmer e = lea -ee ys (2298 = 29N a + the veAcktanat FOR makes an angle a’ with X-anis, then o © Example 2.3. Find the angle between tive pres of eaycod mmsrgrnt acl when the milade op thecr veauttant 4A alto eyul to the magnitede of elther of tere Borers, Solutions. lFl=/E[ = F Gy) ond a = F 4 Y Let F be Lyd, ais ‘> oa G On t-awud ‘4. an Ang 4 Je na o Lomporer tt By = Faso 2 F Page2 2approach te Intermediate | Accord ons valle Onlin tp ficonlineinfo to Sylatus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI pyc lad = Flos Y% Components tye Gide, = FC = Row fy < Ske = PS Step - She vlc of he * $F the yesatlant veto R. R 2 = Fant Be rent Ry” QR = Ft Floe The magrilicle oy chbyporeel Ry” of ithe tint? vector at onagn clack of resctlant vectan RS Re + Ry . Foe [FF toda 4 2 'Cose + F "Sites = = [E+ F'(@sa+ Sits) +2 F*Cos0 ~ Ez of[26*4 24s sich Gpwriig on roth Aieles or Page23ax cao approach fo Satermetite || According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI ‘Available Online @ htp://wwfconlne nfo Peopuct Or Two Vécrors here are Tsor types of vector snulteplccalions . is Scacan PRropuer * 2. VecroR PRodver 4. Scarark Propuer (a)- Deg inion y- When the prditePror fese vectors veut site A Acelar G20: Ahe product ?s called Statar Prolueh) &). Explanation y_ GQ). We Araby prectuctr$O clencted doy pling acdot (=) befiwen “te ponvectars . Zhe! bcalad prvlact of tho vectirs Rind B is cvorillen'as AB. Hence AQLa» product is nlso Anovon as Der Proouar, . Gi). Formute J ethee ave hes vectars A and B mahiieg (ai dnghe a’ with each ether, then Acalar oo abat proclact is gives as A.B L awesse /—O e evhere A and & ave the magritices of vectra Band Veg B “vespectively , and “cose” is A Figca) A pure number (fe Scalar) , Aherezeve Acalay prdut i A Ack qrearitely . Git)- Another Degiin - Let vectors A” and Be be represented oy the dines BP and Ge resprectovely! as Ahooon ‘in (6) Vhen : A.B = A@ase = A(Aluc)—=-@ Drawe pripenclecalar gyom. powt ‘QB en OP 2 Page 24Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI According to se Online @ hipmi,fconlneinfo Sail OM = Base = Magmilice 4 component of semley @Q along x, ALB =hagni inde by a ay (Magnilicle of comp, og x tn the oltrectio = PHagnilade of A)(Prjeckion of Bosh) 4 Abowo ove expen den lar from pomt 'P’ on 08 GA: Ahowre In Figure (<) hus ie 0 Bee Pyee) - a BUR 2 BA Cos = (AC). @) Go BLA. Maguitilor B)(Magnibict. of ote FRO or : @ BR a (Magee Licke ope) ( ( Pagic ‘teen on A ea B) Hence ev® and ©) Wve 4d Gnather clegineltan 4 Aealay prodick « é , * She Atalay pod at Cae the eco vectors 1's the _mulbeptecaln ‘ magnilice Hit veclor wilt, the oma cai ie Com nent Ateond tthe dereation SH ft ecko « ” ~ ee 1 Dnnev by onluet:. Zhi fprsclict A ats ve won @) Totnes predict beccuse ‘oth, athe Feat op thax fet poreclurt ABs ARs fa the! Rame Plane Page2 5No. 2 According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class X1 Available Online @ http: /imwfeconlineinfo (iv). Exameres Fsuico A). Work .. tPA Consteler the aie. done by hy @ Gores Fo echose ¢ > Figs) poiut of Application moves ( @ distance Ai. the olerection matasieg Que Angle “0? with she fine ap action of Fae Akon “a Figure Cal) « Fedo Tt halancecd boy Syed op the beady. (eppeclive comport of ferce in the derection of anetion’) (‘aleslance coverecl) = Caosald = Fal Coves Wer Werk cone = a Wet, = REE 1 So works cot prada og puree and abisjobecrmer te). Rude 5 3 no petaerign 2 Wek _ Fidl & 5 Time ~ E » a He 2 Fe F. XS UV F Ruer = FV ° or Awere FVlae vw Reeser 2s the Acalar pode 4 pe and velocity 6 ©). Eledtie Flow Mis the clot product of elecInic talensrty and vecley Avea - $22 .K e = EA COE where = Elect Lotensily Vector Aven Page26No. 2 ‘Text Book Board For Class XI ww fconlineinfo According to 8) Avail ‘%2). ChagacrerisTies Or Scar PRoover. A. Comrmutotive Laws As A.B 2ABCse —_—@ Amok BR BA Gso BR APs Cos —— ad @ X.B = Bm Tht Ahows that the ovdeP ex mudtep Kcation A irrelevant. Hence Acy las” prrveluct” £4 Commilakive . OMsecdalive haw anno B = Rem hei gerard “n' ave integers . c- Distrrbstive Law : Scalar product obey Aistitoubive Lave “Ri ue) NB a me D. The _Acalar preduct_of tive snulsakly erent, art ere jpepeacasleg clan = or ine. Ak AB Cos Teg, AB(o) | Zoo BI wn case eg unit, vectors as rig jo 240" mh KK CA Page27No. 2 ie According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For: coca crochet | Aon a ean bf = lel lf benae = bho = Here Sinclar & a n a-k ak.t 2 Ze, CE). Zhe scalar preduck of Zee? poaralil vectors D4 vectors Re pant Fo oth athey , then Se i ARB Cos” = 4 SEE bn thes care pealar Prdelict A epunl to the prooluct thet Rrapnitichs and nealar probuct attorigs © ifi MBRmom voles , Fer unvt bec tord me P and fk a 2.8 <12WE ose at ~= AN raat oc tt ne Sintlai by G:F = RR os FY... Fur avitrpoaraltd_veclivs Ay thet case 8 180° Ox lao a ABlasBo gf) 7 = -AB eS a Ths tthe minimum vale of Ocalay pod. G)- Salar oduct oy tive eqnudl _veoting ~> Br thir care Oxo" ——A_s & KER 2 AA Cov mts RR 2 d& pot The relZ precluct ef & vector A Ik bay te athe rap tate ay afb onergn'Ticle , Page28According to Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class X1 valle Onlin tp faconlineinfo GA). Scaler Product idheems cop engulay Comps tat Mand EB he thse vectivs whieh ean be , earitten as | A = Acta Ayf Ak st ald.t ek B = 8,8 +By ff + Bk ., RB. ® =A? +A +AB)« (Geb + aP + Bak). Agi. (Bib By f 3 OpQye Ag “(Bat 18g +B) + ALi «(Bat hy gee PX) « nN = AcBy(P-T)G AB, (2. f) + ABE) +Ay Ral fide ay ar (ff) + Ay Balf & tal antecey nal at E47 saat hO-2 Aa we now avd Pathing those ABE = Achy (i+ Ay By (e)+ Ay Bo ( PRRad = = tog = ae = Kef velit iw abeve eatin we ye o) 4 ALOU ST Ae? () * A.B = Aa, + AyBy 4 Al Se ee the peatar “aA equal 2 poe aon op) the porcduchi % They comerpporclig Page29{labus Of Punjab Text Book Board For According ti valle Onlin tp ficonlineinfo NOTE As A.8 = Ateose and A.B. Ata + + Ay By + AB By Compaardec Ahere ico exes , ange hetzeen dive ‘vectors Combe oun A® Coss of Antigt Ay Bye Aa Be hese eve on Examee 2.4 A oe De ns gf nth, kan aR oti ef gpee amoved prom. the ct ACL fs) if soit (5,3). rh clone, Finol ithe Sovurion:. A wls,7) Page3 OAccording ti sna Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Le Online a hitpvuniconlneinfo ee Nerdore = 8) 4 8(e)F 2 (@)+ 20) aad Mivkdowe = 8412 = 20 onth bor oF the Tin the clivee the W.B 2A Coe Soe L. A@se 2 KB Aloe = / where PL is oF 6B As aS thew x 8s Sherepere B Bo. Lhe prpeclor of AW on Ba few ey © Atse =f a = (2P-ghete)e( Ag 712k @f-aj+k)-CitdB¥) = Q)(3) #08 X41) #W) (a) Ps AabyoAghiye = Arba is the angle betve A dB. y Page3 1ta Intermediate. According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI acne ach etki liree rar VEC GR» Caoss Fao 1~ Deginition ecluct of tee vectors results into a vector qreantity ts crlleol veefiy product. 2- Explanation. 7 denatel i (a). the vector product & clenelecl to Mr ‘ s cwss hetween the . vectors Zhe vi , d recluct Ireteceen vector A” and Qe@iey Bis eoiftienas Ax B. So it A _ Cress Preduct. . &). Formula 2. Ceasitler Loogvetitors ® and B ket veclor BB toe making lan Grgie @? with vecter A As Ahouwn Yat d fguve Then thete vector Pre” is equal to amether vector cohceh és given @ SL Rea eo esnoa / Vn B= © DAB Sin A BY Where (AB Sica) S\ the magn lice or BRE or 7 wo Ord A is KAS Unit vector $ pepencl:dalor ts the plone tr Zlio Anon contaced A and 8 So Fig (a) BR Aho the altvect tor Ax® on wheh can be cleferntned by Right Herd Rule «) Right Hand Rule :. : Plate rhe Tails o vectors A” and together , Ahis Aegines a plane containtiug Rand B, the. olivec poet vector Lope. fs perpenclieclar ta fil ave. lowe Page3 2No. 2 According to Sylabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Available Online @ http: /imwfeconlineinfo vatati. Lhe pet vectiy AX toons dhe Pecenel vector B though the -Awaller Angi (eseeen), Cork the gingers the ma At hse cuiong the alerection. Jj Potat td, ae the thiyb avect gas Xow in $i the prcuct vicky RAB the erect thumb, lds yule fs catlel Reght Hand Rade. A) Exavn Tere fs the eyeed . vector FY and the Z = PFSHAG Qi) Force on a movin Chovge dno mmegnetic mr a paste cle ep Charge 4 velocity Vin & miangnetcc Geld ep then the 4 Fyas fen by the of Vv And Ge as ome WTB) Fe vve gor Gi). Axgulor Moment As . gatar mementom ss dhe Cras pivduet 4. oP eitton vecliy 7 amd the Ainear momertow Poa FP xP T= rPske s (iv). Relation befween Linear and Va One cohuve Vv = ergo © raclies . page3 3approach Satermedliate According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI ons “ vale Online @ tpmtv Cnagacreristies Of CRoss Pr SHARACTERISTIes CE CROSS [Ro t~ Commutalrye Laws bi Creo procluct “nen cemnnetatie i e Wt olees mot dhey commalew tuo, KiB RR i n Consider Tivo welivsA Kad®. Bre Lob B he oralacing an anges” with AW. Then ¥ AB = Assia doy YE 89 Raght Hand Rude Wr” <‘)o acting in upecard d*éction ™—.~ , as Abed Te ure @) « x > FO Now bet Ar aK muathiing an Avge & with B, tan BA = BACT (A) er B® . ARRLa CA) to DOM Sie A Pex. From 2 Boge» ra “ee Be na NM Ae —~ or ARB a BA af — 8 RBA Bw “| a Zhi hows’ that arsectatiy mn ARS 2 Apr there Sn’ amd Se’ are numbers 3. Disterbulive baw: Page3 4proach te Sntermetiate | Accorcling to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI ons Available Online @ http: /imwfeconlineinfo AS 2 ABSMA0 fh ABA Jn this case cress product Aas th martini vehi. Fer vit veeTévs , é (PU g] Se" ie aw i-t-tn bt Hand Rube Tae AaR a_f l xj = x son A \ Keants Ke et gadwkata fF On vevevadsg the order ef the vould, Ue cltvections ‘of grid yectors cetii Lar “os vusedd AS AAS ah BRA > 9 a Gate ae A | Gri DSB. Kepe -v, tans -¢ 5. Cross Predlvet of Povattl vectivs . The cress product of tive Parattel vectors i mull , because’ fur Auch vectors ao’ Gnol Oa Iw (por Aritepraraticl vectors) Hence RRB = ABSLOR = Am euige' A ZAR (o)Re O G- Cross Product Of Equod Vectors =o Bn this tase @ RR 2 AAS SK Raw Page3 5Fee Onlineinfo Cc No. 2 proach te Sntermetiate | Accorcling to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI ons Available Online @ http: /imwfeconlineinfo For Umit Vectivs ints HUFF] gi oA =uhoR =G Sindlarly ge ¢ 2a and Raktso 7 Cross Pho suer et Inrerms OF Ree NGULAR CoM ie veclors R onc B inlivins of vedeing cemponents ave given As: ’ Ra Ais Ay gs ALR. B= Ge + Pyg 46.8 - AaB = Crd a Ay f+ arb (eri, (Oat) Aix (Bat + By f + Oakey + Ayg x (Bad + B42 aA, Bx ex a) CA, By (Pe ie Ay Bu G8 Wy By (> es Ay Ba (Rae) t Aan By (Rag) + ArPa (Sab) As we bncde ethet , A > A 4 AB = F(Aya, A xB os 7Z 2-ALBy) +o ( This egpadaton € aBy)ed( 4: Cym us # Pet = Page 3 6proach te Sntermetiate | Accorcling to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI ons “ valle Onlin tp ficonlineinfo 8. Magnitude of Vector Product is _eyy the Area of Povallelogvame « ne ke 5 ¥ Ax® = ABSRE nN [A xB] = Aw sha = A(BSti0) From figure and then Arte Bsag or)(am) Ce = 2 f 4 (Base ef ABR) ( Hegahd ay 26 a} = 2 (Arex oh Avra) ‘ fas Avior [Kuk] = Aveo oy ORR L Arce of As ARKO APPAR , So [AxR) = Aree, A0rey Arca ey a FER | | [Ax®] = Area or Prrebeheg yarn ofAR Ore :- Outer Product She vector ax Cross product & alte Anon as ‘Cutker precteet Areceutse Ge This Care resulort op Axi? Hs dying ak 09 the phone cots a fact if Ax® = Aagio 2. By Riot Hand Rule A’ inclicatos dic eltvection tee 2 EAB ac plane. 9 aut Page3 7According to ; Sylatus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI Avail se Online @ hipmi,fconlneinfo TeRQuE. be Entroduction 1. Dn order te precluce the rotidin ina Jn 6 Fey a about a certain ent’, td doe applizch in Auch a way that the ation cloes met prass through the Anis of vyetation. Sch a ‘Force vorelhaces Living eget i i in the For example Ze ning e7 Me hi iL produced hen A vet fs ti neck Apamney ¢ as Abeven in #9 (a). This gq exet ou fuush Pare? Bde sBanney, Gee length. op the apuner, the longed the handle ef! ctheUapewne! the quetley Wail be the Eeroirt eject ‘“p Led pre. Pe fs aC SF =G sR) Terni Rak TP NY he met 2s easy to Tum ( edith A Aramis. 2. De Depiaften Toneyoe TA dlegined car * the faving ae ot et of A fore pro recuced Ae booed, abot a beitats podt 2s dalled Tereyue oy “moment of 4oes 3- Explonalfon .- de lerpoe acting en & body canbe caletatecl by multeplytig fore and the per) penelscular tance 7 yor ah dine of action te the sive’ Rich is Ahe prot 0° (as Anooon ix Cbove Fp) ound which! the bed ( Apanney rotates. | His clistomee OP t& called’ momist rm “L Moment Avr: he peiperdttealar clistance gq Bie 4 Aclton FA Beree Prem Axis of volition (pr vot) called Moke Arm, page3 8Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Le Online a hitpvuniconlneinfo According ti i Avail Pivot Point, A peist aroumd which a bed ca vatede reprseried by Cts oO Hus magmitids ” me tHoment Arm) When the hire ff action ep, the Applicd force faxes though F rises dee ees tit Oe Repencltactee oliatone Sf force from pivot pt. fs Oat eso 7-2 moment arm ‘=o this Crse. = tiyue A gen (b)-. Torauve. ACTING, wi. Consider the ferque amiprd Aoecly Let th Jone Fact rigt Lat point Be -porce Fr Tia. rectangle components, Esixe p&penclediar to Gnd cosa Bang the oli rection 7. he tergve chee to Foxe abot privet 4B Mine of cclton frumaes Besegove ithe torque clue to F gest trayse clit lo PSine only alot O’. Bae Tareyue = (Earee)( moment Arm) T = PSHE SHE gi —— ritlarty ‘ip we resolve the position vector 7 int tte ements then 1 Conia” & ‘the Component of F Cltrectton or F. Sikce = Ore in Aan: olPreckion > Hhiscegore Verge clue to ‘rdase” will Le pe. Page 3DNo. 2 Alabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Le Online http://www fsconineinfo According tt sna %S in this Case Pgie fs The Compe merit 4 r Perpendicular BL Foie moment avm bz ngibe T 2/F)(ngiee) 2 PFE Si ———— coher a! Ls the angle hehocen Pand FE, From equation Q ancl B T = rFSue Muttteplying on both Ailes by audt vectar a)? TH = rE&he 3. @ (c) - Secona DErinirion + Taryoe can abo hie Xerined ar, Lhe vector prpdict = Positions vetly” TF and ithe yjorce Pos cabled! Trae: As TIATEF = rr Shae CPFSine) 2s th magntbice the torque « The direction fe leayue represented og" A" cs erpenclicaldn “ter the plone Contatadig “FP anal F wen loy yiGhd hand rule . (dA) Unrs :- SZ. unit th SE unt 26 Non CGS. Urit SB CGS unit & ne Cov ERS, unit Mh FPS unit & proved gent Ce) Dimensions 5. Diversions eg Torqe & [mer ? (fF) Foraue is Tie CounreR Part OF Force Toryor £6 dhe courtéy part cf goree vation! grate. Pecan “BO BO ' Fema , pom this equalin poree. cleivansines the firear aceekeyalion pyrodiced “te a beely Jn rote Benat mation the eqrivatent equation 2 Tet , whith hows that Torque Geling Page4-0FecOntineinfo| Chapter No. 2 Syllabus Of Pi ib Text Book Board For Class XI enn erochio Stns | According tl a en back oF ~Gshredy cldleomines it Angalar deceleration . a a ely “ at rel ov moving vith Constant angular vetceity , ther angular Accelereitien ectll he en (2 on Ards care the Torgoe acting he doecly cx e gene (7 = Lle)= e). @)- RD DEFINITION ° Ferqpue may aber he fed as a Phy. scot poorly wodich precluces Gk ingklomre eet bev fon ha tihegt pret pet < yolabion ts callid am Jee ) A). Sign Convenrions G)~ Positive Torayve:. Zhe & the Ioody in Avittcle: Considered GA pasit ex: 7 CEE) 29a the boy OA regal pee ahel votates rection 2 Tee “Wa Greyue . whe Terqyoe which ritates hwelan th considered eas . EXAMPLE 2.6 © CAE the ef actin of A fore F acts Ehrogh a Yow, Po A” bely cohere fos Vecley is 2g, de ag taRon) dateymine about athe Le ‘A’ cohese posittsn veer the Torque Gama) SoLurTion y. The posittern Of point a The position vy pout Pare the posit en vedtor og P vtalte ty A = q-7 G-2g4 &)- (2t+f + fk) 222) +(-2geg) le -®) Page4 1