LTE

(( : ))

.
.

LTE ( )long term evolution

3GPP
3.5G 3.7G 3.9G 4G
......
 ) ....(vendor ) (operator
.........

.

.
......3GPP Releases
. 3GPP
.Concept of LTE-A
 Ch:2 LTE Enabling technologis ......
LTE-A .
6 technology OFDMA DL
SC-OFDMA .. UL ACCESS TECHNIQUE
..LTE Access technique
.. DL access tech UL
TDMA CDMA access technique .... DL&UL
.
CHANNEL DEBUNDANCY SCHEUDLE
. Frequency fraction reuse
option rate
MIMO . frequency domain equalization
LTe
. system
OFDM Concept
LTE
.
step by step

01 .
LTE
.
 LTE
..... LTE
.

ch:3 LTE NETWORK STRUCTER

network .....................
design of network . cost reduction
element LTE Network
network over IP
.
ch:4 .......... LTE Radio interface
B.w of carriers concept
..... lte 2G&3G
.
ch:5 procdures lte paging H-O
location area update
2G&3G
physical layer
data .
LTE .... 3.9G
......... LTE-Advanced 4G
.
 .

.
analog
..fdm limited capacity
data
 GSM digital system
.TDMA
GMSK Modulation data
9.6Kbps

2.5 G GPRS
time slot .
sharing ts channel coding
bits packet switching
rate 171 kbps .
 2.7 Edge .........
modulation modulation 8PSK
.. order of modulation
( ) rate ....... 553 Kbps
error Bs .........
BTS .. Edge
cell power error
rate . rate
edge gprs
 BS EDGE
. GPRS

3G CDMA
carrier rate
.........
) modulation (Qpsk rate
.. 2Mbps error
........... bts 3G
bts power edge .

3G 2G
. 3g cell persizing
cell 3G
interference 3G cell cell
. 2G
 2G 3G
...... 3G cell .
2G 3G
.

3.5G rate of data 14.4Mbps

downlink .. up link 3.84kbps
... 3.75G HSUPA U
........ up link rate of uL 5.8Mbps
3G . shared channel
..
 data .....
rate .
... data time slot
sharing Ts . user
modulation 16 QAM
sample ....... 4-bit bts
BSC
. response .
.


!... .
resource .....
system time variant
.

HSPA+ DL=40 Mbps

...... .. UL = 28Mbps
+ higher order of modulation
64 Qam sample ......... 6-bit
rate MIMO
antenna tx Rx rate
.
 3.9 G LTE
.........50Mbps MIMO 2*2 100 Mbps
..... MIMO 4*4 . 380Mbps
+ access technique OFDM&SC-OFDM
.......... B.W of carrier LTE 20 MHZ
.
HSP+ BS
. MIMO
LTE system .....
. LTE
4G LTE Advanced
rate 1Gbps 3 games
7 !!!
access technique .. LTE
b.w of carrier .100 Mhz

LTE
 Releases
.
release R4
network core RF Medium
R4 internet protocol multimedia service
network over IP
enhancement ....... core
.
 R5 HSDPA R6 HSUPA R7
. HSPA+ RF Medium Air
equipment mobile.
R8 LTE Air &Network core .
R9 enhancement security . LTE
ALogrthim securtiy .
R10 LTE-A . trial

Release
 ......
.
realeas . rate
Rate B.W
..... signal to noise ratio rate
..... s/n error rate .
GSM rate ...... data
GPRS user time slot channel coding
. S/N rate 3G
 rate B.w carrier
5mhz GSM 52 .......... rate
3.5G higher order of modulation s/n
error 3G
trubo coder error .
4G rate
.. band width carrier =100Mhz
rate ...... s/n
.
 high rate application
HD TV rate ..........
online Games

user rate ..... user
011 users rate
limitation
rate user.
.

user .

performance rate performance

.
 B.W efficiency ......
bits .... . B.W eff

B.w eff bits ........ B.W unit

bit ........ one hz bits
......... one hz
GSM rate Gsm
.. 270.8kbps B.w of carrier 200khz
rate carrier .... 1.35 bits per sec /hz
Gsm 1.35 bit .one hz
 ..... umts rate 3G 7.68
.............. Mbps B.w ............ 5Mhz rate
.... 1.53 bit pes sec / hz
.... 3G reuse factor
rf =1 LTE ....... rf
LTE .
B.w eff LTe rate 100Mbps
20Mhz 5 bit per sec / hz
efficincy .
LTE-ADVANCED 1Gbps 100mhz
01 Bits per sec / hz ,,,,,,
 Map .... lte
.....LTE system
......
....... planning
LTE license
.
3G
 LTE OFDMA .
LtE advanced

....... Carrier bw = 100mhz 100mhz

GSM 900 ..... 80mhz umts
FDD ... 60mhz high frequency
H.w complex.
stable
100mhz power amplifier 100mhz
!.............. H.W complexicty .
 carrier aggregation
carrier ....GSM 3G
100 mhz 1Gbps
40 mhz 21
..... !!!

carrier Carrier
... 011
gsm 1800
.....
900 umts.
 concept
.....H,w rx
.....filter anntena
....
_

LTE A Bs
................. 3 BS
traffic Distrabution-3 Rate -5 Quality -0
Diff Data 3 Bs
rate 3 parrallel data .......
 BS rate ............
Traffic distrubtion Load
Bs resources ....
cell cell .
3 BS 3 Rx .....
racke Rx LTE ........
Bs 3 .
Quality .
.............
Bs channel
..... Bs .

...... D2 . 2 Bs
........rate Quality
.... traffic distrubiton
Bs.
 . 4G
device to divice communication
.....BS
SECURITY PARAMETERS call
.

sector sectors
Bs channel .....
.... channel !...
 ch
4G

BS quality
order of modulation rate ....
rate Bs
4G .
rellay cell
..... cell .......... repeater

demodulation deinterliever ....coding
 . smart repeater rate
cell .

repeater
femto cell ...

...

 ... femto cell
router femto cell
.
cell
...................... over ip
femto cell server
parameters auth & security .

operator .
...

 cogmitive radio
system GSM 011 0011
full capacity ..... cognitive
radio connection . free
5110 ....analysis to all band
bands .... .....
,,,,, Tv . systems
.
 system
.

... systems .
cognitive radio
... .
central unit
systems band

system .
satellite sys
.
CH2: LTE Enabling Technologies
OFDMA
SC-FDMA
Channel dependence scheduling
R\fractional frequency reuse
Frequency domain Equalization
MIMO Antenna Systems
 ch :2 LTE
.......
..... slide Ofdm sc-fdm
. sys
.
lte
....

.....

multipath fading
....
.

BS Data
......
3 ... emw
.....10us
 6
..... 20us ......

symbol .
 Data symbol
symbole 5us ..... 10us
20 us
symbol
.... . Inter symbol interference

symbole 5us .......50us

delay
3
symbole duration . multi path fading
ISI ..... ....
.... symbol
symbol + symbol 2
........... symbol 2 + symbol 2
. symbol 3
Symbol
.
 ISI
...... ....................
Hard ware continuos
Drop Drop .
......
cyclic prefix
H.W contines
Data RX symbol.
symbole
duration rate
 symbol 01
5 .

umts ISI
rate ..... Rake Rx
.... LTE LTE
user . 3G
operation rake Rx user .
rate symbol
...............

 data parallel carrier
........ carrier=5Mhz
....... carrier sub carrier=1mhz .

bw
guard band ......

 ORTOHGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLIXING

orthogonal
.............. .. A B DaTa
orthogonal a b .......

..... behavior .
physical .

..... {a(t).b(t)=0
.

RX , .

.....f1 orthogonal with f2 OVER LAB

..... RX f1 ...... f1
f1 ..... f2
f1 OVERLABD .
 SLIDE Continuous discret .

overlaped peak freq

null
 ..... over laped peak
.....
.

spectrum analyzer
orthogonal .....
.............. sub-carriers
 freqrncy domain peak
...... .
.
sub-carreir f0=15 khz
.... nf1 .

b.w=2f1
b.w guard band
sub-carriers ..........
OVERLAB ........ OFDM
 OFDM sub-carriers
ofdm overlab ...
.... 2sub-carrier
sub carrier 3 .
 SLIDE OFDM . Orthogonal

.
osc ..
. f1=15 khz , f2=30 , f3=45 khz ..etc

ideal oscillator
error orthogonalty ......
15khz 14~16
 sub carriers peak ..... sub carries
...... ..... orthogonal
ideal osc osc ....
osc sub carriers
128 sub-carrier 128
ideal osc
ideal osc error
orthogonalty .

slide ISI
symbol rate


OFDM
osc slide .
transmission data
data series
...... parallel sub carrier
f1 f2 f3
f1&f2&f3&f4 orthogonal
..... oscillator .
 lte
.
fourier

.
. fourier
oscillator ..
freq & phase & amp
.
.
 Harmonic
.complex signal
complex signal
...... ) ( by try&error
.
.......
fourier
..........complex signal
.harmonic
 time domain
complex signal harmonic
harmonics harmonic
.

....... frequency domain

harmonic ) (sample ........f.D
Amplitude .
(( harmonics )) complex signal
f.D
....
complex signal ...... F.D
spectrum .........
spectrum

b.w
( )
spectrum . fourier transforem
spectrum harmonic
complex sig sample ...... F.D
 sample spectrum
.

osc
orthogonalty

...... osc
hardware foureir
.
complex signal harmonic
spectrum F.D
......
. analog signal
" " discret fourier transform
 harmonic complex signal
...... harmonic OF constant
harmonic F1 F2
........ harmonic sample complex signal
time ..............0t samples
harmonics time.
sample complex sig time = 2t ......
sample 2t harmonic 0F
 harmonic .....F1 ...... harmonic
harmonics . time =2t
sample complex sig ...... 3T
sample harmonic 3T sample
harmonic 3T harmonic 3T
. harmonics
complex sig harmonics sig .....
sample .... Sample harmonics .
sample Time domain harmonic
0F sample ...... 2T F.D
....... F.D OF
amplitude .
sample harmonic F.D
sample harmonic .... 0F
. amplitude
sample F.D
 2f sample harmonic 3f .
sample 3T harmonics
F.D amplitude .
sample T.D complex sig
time 2T sample F.D
sample .1f , 0f , 5f , 3f ,
sample complex signal sample
. freq domain
 ......... sample
T.D complex signal sample . F.D
Discret fourier transforme

 . Discret FourierTransforme chip
chip sample sample F.D
De-Mux

chip bin sample time

bin ..... 0t sample 1t ....... 2T
.....
Ot 1t 2t .... 3t samples
complex signal ...... T.D
sample complex sig Sample
. Frequency domain
sample ot sample F.D
......................
.Of,1f,2f,3f,4f,....
sample 2t 1F,0F,5F,3F
sample 3t 4t .
. DE-MUX
 INVERSE fourier transform

F.D ......... i/p T.D ........ o/p

DFT .......MuX sample
T.D 0t sample . 0f,1f,2f,3f
DFT i/p Sample
complex signal sample T.D
sample ..... F.D sample ot
.Of,1f,2f,3f,4f,.....
sample 2t 1F,0F,5F,3F
Sample 3t Sample 4t
.

inverse discret fourier transform

................... DFT data o/p 0t
data ...... 0f,1f,2f,3f data
1t ........... 0f,1f,2f,3f
 IDFT .... MULTIPLIXER
!!!!!.............
fourier .....
IDFTchip orthogonal ........
.. Of,1f,2f,3f,4f, Orthogonal sub-carriers
.......... chip oscillators
idle orthogonal ..... osc
hardware ............ data parallel
osc h.w
fourier .................. x1 ,x2 ,x3 , x4
data ......... orthogonal freq
x1 ....... f1 x2 .... f2
osc ........ sample time domain
samples F.D orthogonal subcarriers
.......... data OFDM osc carriers
..... osc .....
chip .
 DFT & IDFT Chip
operation .

" idft chip f.d

sample . t.d data
sample t.d data
orthogonal sub carriers
 time .domain
time frequency
.
osc idle H.W
.
***** osc idel
osc osc
...... Chip
fourier ... Inverse fourier transforme
chip bin sub-carriers
f1 f2 sub carries .. bins
.... orthogonal sub-carriers Data
bin osc .

....
.... ....

......
.
 data
orthogonal sub carriers ..... IDFT data
Binary .
data IDFT Chip complex Data
block ..... IDFT Data Binary complex
.... . MAPPER

Mapper Date binary complex

...... complex sample sample
bits . o ,1
 Bits Modualtion
Psk Modulation ............ sample bit
.. QPSk sample ........... 2 bit
8 PSK SAMPLE ...... 3 Bits 16 Qam ..... 4 bit
64 Qam ........... 6-bit .
Hard . ware ..
Mapper Modualtion . H.w
Mapper sample
..... I & Q sample ...... I&Q
......complex I ...... Real Q img

, Digital communication
 Tx ...........
..... data
Mapper 0&1 data sample
..... sample bit MoDulation order
64Qam ..... 6bit Qam 06 4bit
...... IDFT ..........
orthogonal subcarriers sub carriers sample
bits
 ........... sample ........... time domain
orthogonal sub carriers in F.D .
T.D ...... one symbol
samples IDFT Ot , 0t , 5t , 3t , etc
..... symbol CP ..... ISI
data mapper IDFT sample
one symbol ...... CP .
IFFT IDFT .
 .
..... Tx
 Tr data
parallel .sub carriers
 ............ Rx
 *** OFDM data rate
.... rate subcarriers .
b.w efficiency garud band
overlab b.w
........ inter symbol inter ferrence
H.w mapperifft
selective fading ...... flat fading
fading

freq hopping GSM 3G
fading ....... Rake receiver LTE
rake RX .....
fading 4G
IFFT ..... TX f.d
samples ...... T.D samples
.......
fading samples o/p
lte fading subcarriers
.
fading bin
fading fading
flat .
 OFDM
.......
 peak average.
average
peak peak . <<<<<<
system data
.....IDFT orthogonal
sub carriers T.D sample sample
0t
1f,0f,5f,3f,4f, ....1t
power
 data power amplifier

P-amplifier region
region .

region power amplifier

...... design P-amp
DL ..................
P-amplifier BTS

UL SC-FDMA
.
 " "single carrier FDMA .... uL
time domain peak power
average " ........." power
amplifier
peak power data
IDFT T.D peak power .
power
DFT ....
chip DMUX
.....
 sample T.D
1f,0f,5f,3f,4f, spreading F.D
power sample at 0t
sample 1t
.... 2t,3t,4t sample
.... freq domain .

OFDM spreading
............ Sc-ofdma DFT
spreading freq .D .
 IFFT power
peak power Power-amplifer
" " .
...... size IFFT
size DFT equal .

IFFT size=1024 bin DFT

bins
power ..... bin
bin .......
bin power . o/p

data bin IFFT

............... DFT
power of orthogonal carrier
 .............. SC-OFDMA
sub carriers DFT IFFT adjacent
0f DFT 0f IDFT 1f 1f
..... ...... error
OFDMA subcarriers
fading , SC-fdma
 frequency spreading
........ rate ul .DL

. 4

Doppler shift
.

..... .
Bs
bs
Bs .

synchronization Bs
bs
.

2G channel frequency correction

ch delay Fd
.
 LTE orthogonality
..... orthogonal sub carriers
F d orth
.

orth
.... Fd orthg
........... 2f+2fd ,,, 3f+3fd
.
2G Fd LTE
delay .reffrence symbole
reff symbol Fd Mixer
.....Data+Fd Fd Fd
....... PLL correction Fd
.
"" lte frequency reuse
Gsm cluster
cell
cluster

interference
capacity
capacity .
. interfrnce
reuse factor 3G ..........

............. cell cell ......cluster
RF reuse factor
........cluster size /0 cluster size 3G cell
reuse fzctor .
 lte
reuse factor .......
..... cell
cell cell .
cell cell ......
cell
........... .
 center cell .....
reuse factor center of cell
RF= 0/3
RF=1 ...... cells
f2,f3,f4 sector

RF=1
RF lte ......
....... f2
....cell cell f2...... f3,f4
interference
beam.........
Antenna sector ".......... " Beam forming
beam
. smart antenna
Bs sector
Bs ..............
load Bs cell
link Bs .
 Bs LTE
BSC . 3
interference
3G GoLD code
Node-B BTS ............

3G user
cell

cell
cells ........
GOLD code Bs ........
interference
LTE cell
interference .
reuse factor Gsm
H.W .... OFDMA CONCEPT
processor
 lte resources
.

schedule . resource
-0 "
video call delay resources

-5 QUALTY
MEDIUM

retransmit resources ......
resources

schedule
-0 Resources blocks time slot
blocks rate
-5 modulation
modulation order quality
order
 -3 coding scheme (redundancy)bits
error
bits gprs rate
error ,,,, lte bits bts
error ,,,,, quality

LTE-ADVANCED
..... LTE
. Relay cell
Power control -4
frequency reuse

resource .
 Gsm traning sequence sequence
rx sequence
refrence
channel error

 x x .... x.H H
channel response
H x X
H Sequnce .....y x y
y refrence .......... H
X

Training sequence time domain

Frequncy domain ......... equalization
F.D
T.D ....... F.D multiplication
T.D convluotion
T.D----> F(T)*B(t)={f(t)b(t-T)dz
..... shift F.D
........ reference code
RX
 Gsm equalization
sequence code lte IFFT& DFT
F.D ..... GSM !....

)) MIMO ((MULTI INPUT MULTI OUTPUT

operation .
 antenna transducer electrical signal
emw .......antenna MIMo
antenna Quality&rate .....
MIMO multi input multi output antenna RX
Tx .

siso ) (single input single output antenna

)(TX&RX
tx rx
Miso &simo .. .....
 .....quality space diversty
bts 2 antenna .....
fading
mimo ......
TX 2 ANTENA Rx
...... RATE diff date
paths

1M
mimo .
carrier
Rx .......
reffrence symbol Data
error ...... reff symbol
antenna . 4
4*4 processing
gsm
processor . ......
.mimo 8*8

 core of network
element . LTE
 system Air
system OFDM technique
. Air
NETWorK Generations
element ........
3G NETWORK 2G element .......
DESIGN
system ........ LTE system
....
NETWORK
!!......
 Network ................operator
capex
............cobstruction of BS & Network planning
...................opex
. MAINTENANCE & OPTMIZATION
element 2G
3G ELEMENT TASK
element .......... element task
Bs BSC
....... processor ........
 element task 2G 3G element
...... 4G element task
task element" .....
H.w Ram
pult in

element
element.
element .
E-NB ------ BTS+BSC 5G OR NODE-B+RNC 3G
HSS ---- HLR+AUC
P-GW --- GMSC + GGSN
S-GW --- MSC + SGSN
MME -- VLR
CS + PS
CS PS SYSTEM over IP
E-nod B over ip call ove ip tv over ip
.
 X2 e-node B data
..... s1 interface gate way . nod B
 element ENB
........OFDM MODULATOR SC-FDMA
...... DE-MODULATOR CHANNEL CODING
.....................ERROR CORRECTION AND DETECTION
........... RF FRUNCTION POWER AMPLIFER
......... LOW NOISE AMPLIFEIR
....... UP CONV ...... DOWN CONV
"........ MOD MAPPER IFFT +CP
. UP CONV
FUNCTIONS PHYSICAL LAYER
 Enb Mac Layer
segmentation -1 data packets addressing
.... ...... -2
.......... framing -3 .............
formate ......... frame access grant
user rsourcess
.

layer osi layer ccna

ccna .
 ccna

material
.

RRM layer RESOURCES USERS

TS .
channel deundancy schedule
order modulation
resources . Ch;2
 ENB . handover
..... Adaptive freq fraction reuse
ENB frequencr reuse
. interference
broadcast information
SIB network name LA cell identity
.
MIB ............B.W carrier of cell
lte b.w carrier .......
cell carrier cell rate
carrier cell ........ rate
.
cell b.w of carrier ....... mib
. b.w carrier of cell
paging mesurments
................. ....
QUALITY HAND OVER
CDS
ENB BTS BSC .
 MSC ........GMSC S-GW ....
SUBSCRIBERS
......ROUTE PACKETS ............. NETWORK
P-GW NETWORK .
ASSIGN IP TO USERS IP ADRESS
USER .IP
 PACKET-GET WAY GMSC INTERFACE
.... FIREWALL FILTER
DATA .
 MME .... VLR SECURITY
PARAMETERS
............. attach& detach
............ ..... Location area update
handover .

poling mode MME

..... VLR USER
................
USER VLR
 ......... VLR USER
VLR ADRESS VLR
USER VLR VLR
VLR
VLR .
vlr sharing load
capacity . VLR

HLR centralized data base

users generation .... security parameters
generate security parameter
MME .............
 MME
registration
user
policy& charging charging

...........
...
.
 . LTE network

. CH-4

CH4: LTE Air interface

Frequency domain resources

Time domain resources
o Frame structure 1
o Frame structure 2
Resource Grid
LTE Channels
 .
CH-4 resources F.D T.D
frame . channel
.

* LTE Gsm UMTS

GSM
UMTS FDD
.. TDD TDD lte
 * DUPLEX TECHNIQUE DL UL
FDD ul DL

TDD UL DL . Frame

* Mult Access OFDMA SC-FDMA

*** OFDMA/TDMA SUB-CARRIERS
data .
) TIME(
TDMA STRUCTER
** Adaptive modulation Mod . 4G
..... MOD
 )) .................. ((BPSK-QPSK-16 QAM -64 QAM
QUALTY ............................
......High order modulation 64-Qam rate
rate LTE 011 MbPs
error Quality .
BPSK rate error
) signaling (control
.
* carrier B.W LTE carrier .
3G .. 5 MHZ 4G carrier

-1.4 Mhz
-3 Mhz
-5 Mhz
-10 Mhz
-15 Mhz
-20 Mhz
CARRIER = 2.4 MHZ
. CARRIER RATE....
CARRIER
 .....
....1.4M RATE
CARRIER .
Flexiable not adaptive slide ....
carrier BTS
carrier ...... 10 M
.
rate
planning bts carrier
1.4mhz .

Data rate 100Mhz DL 50Mhz UL

carrier=20MHZ ..... MiMO 2*2
rate MiMO 4*4 200Mhz dl 011 ul
* LTE 500km /hr .
 carrier rate .
carrier sub channel
carrier carrier .......
sub-ch sub-ch sub-carrier 05
................ carrier sub-
channel sub-ch sub carriers
sub carrier 15khz
 sub ch ......12 sub-carrier sub carrier
..... 15 khz sub-channel
. sub-channel = 180 khz

12 Sub carreris .... sub ch

Sub carrier sample sub carrier
sample rate .....
........ sub carrier sub carrier
sub-carrier
rate ...................
 inter simbole interference freq
symbole .....ISI Doppler shift
orthogonality
......... ...... shift
users ......
sub-carriers
.............. ..................
12 sub carriers sub channel .
 B.W of carriers
sub-ch sub carrier sample
rate.

,
1.4Mhz sub-channels 6 sub-
carriers .. 75 3MHZ sub-channels 02
.......... sub-carriers . 001
 .... sub-channels.
sub-channel ......... 180khz
1.4Mhz (( ))18okhz*6 ...........1.4Mhz
3M 180khz*15 3mhz
.carrier B.w
1.4M
1.08M 3M 2.7M .
Guard .... sub-carriers
orthogonal ..... GUARD
orthogonal carriers oscillator
orthognality sub carriers IFFT
.......... 2 diff user
sub-carrier orthogonal
.......... users .
***** orthogonal frequency division
user ..... Data parallel
.
sub carriers 1.4M ............. 75
sub carriers ....sample
..... 72 sample sample sub-carries
........... IFFT ( )IFFT
size ............. 72 bin size IFFT
 orthogonality bin ........5
) (64-128-256 .
72 bin size
128 bins .........
data 72 bin bin
..... .....IFFT sample
sample ...... sample
sample T.D
...........
. peak power ratio
5 .
UL ....... Sc-OFDMA DFT IFFT
..... size
size !.....
DFT ......... size= 64 bin IFFT
size = 128 bin DFT ........62 sample
.....72 sample
DFT size = 128 ........
rate . uL
.
 ......... Time Domain LTE frequency
domain .....
LTE time domain frame
Ts ......... frame structure
duplex technique FDD
TDD . LTE
FDD ul ...... DL
TDD UL DL . Frame
FRAME STRUCTERE 0 FDD
 FRAME LTE ................ 10ms FRAME
10 SUB-Frame . 1msec sub-farme
time slot ts=0.5msec
TS data symbol
samples + cp ts symbol .symbol
slot symbol
.
 symbol ......... CP CP
CP ) (Long CP & short CP
.....cell cell cp
symbols TS ........ cell
cp symbol ts .
CP . Duration

Long CP symbol .............TS

1.4Mhz carrier slot .......
 1sec TS ..... 2000slot .
Symbol Ts ....
sample TS symbol
..... sample symbol .TS
sample TS
.......... 1.4mhz ) ( 1.92 M sample
2000 slot
sample .. time slot
. sample time slot
sample symbol ....
. Carrier=1.4mhz size of IFFT 050
symbol sample + IFFT
..CP sample IFFT 050
Sample CP
Long CP 16.67us
Sample CP . Sample
Sample sample
.one sample . 0.52us CP
Sample . CP 35 050
Sample symbol sample TS
.... symbol Ts ........ 6
 carrier 5mhz
symbol Ts ...... 6 carrier=10mhz !.... 6
B.W symbol Ts
............ sample .. symbol rate
sample symbol ......
symbol .
short CP symbol TS . 7

Time Domain Ferquency Domain LTE

resources TD FD .
TDMA GSM
 Time Domain time slot freq domain .carriers
time freq .......

Sub-channel .........12 sub-carriers
......sub-carriers 12 sub-carriers
sub-channel time symbol
7 symbol Time slot Short CP
sub-channel time slot ..... Resource Block
rate blocks .
resource block sub-channel ......... TS
resource block LTe RB .
Ts 2Blocks ..... 3
Ts Ts .
Block Ts ........
TS . sub-channel
symbol sample
Sample Mapper ..... sample
sub-carriers samples symbol
sample .....bits
order of modulation 16 Qam 4 bit 64 Qam
6bit rate .

 rate resource block .
resource block resource element element
sample sample bits
modulation .....64 Qam 6 bit Sample
Rate ...... resource block RB
sample ....... rate resource block
element element ..........
7 05 .....84 sample sample 6 bit
rate ....... 504 bit ...... 0.5msec rate
resource block ..... 504 bit / 0.5 msec rate
.. . 0.5 msec
 2 resource block .

Details




.
.
 References symbol error data
channel Doppler shift
synchronization .....
channel data data
Ref symbol channel
....... .
resource block data
refrence symbol
block .
 Mimo ............ MImo
diff data carrier data reference symbol
reference symbol
antenna RF symbol off
off .

........ two antenna data

............ carrier reff symbole
.............
Block ..... Data
........b.w MIMO 8*8 rate
400Mbps 380Mbps
 frame structure 2

TDD frame up down

frame ..... one half frame
rate DL Ts DL
Ts ........ UL . UL
 Channel LTE 3G
Logical Channel information
physical channel ch info
Transport channel
modulation coding 1:2 1:3
.

2slide
 Logic channel control channel
traffic channel
DL ul
 uL
DL
channel
 Logical channel DL UL
DL ..... channel Broad cast control

channeL BccH General info

channel Paging control channel PCCH
................. paging

Common control channel ccch

acces grant ch
common users
ch ch .
 DTCH .......... dedicated control ch
....... common security
. authencation parameters

Deticated traffic control ch voice call

data .

Multi cast traffic multi cast control ch

.......... Multi cast info traffic
........

.......... point to multi point

user ..... .
user mobile tv
ch , "

*** ch .......... Down link . UL

ch UL random access control ch

user access ch
........ common
ch;5 .

DCCH Security ..... up link

security ul . Dl
 information
transport channel info
. physical channel

Transport channel ........

Mod ...... coding scheme .

BCCH
.. Broad cast broad cast ch

broad cast ch parameters

MAX power BPSK Mod acknldge
.

.
CCCH acces grant
...... users ................. PCH
.. paging contro ch Max Power
. ack

Downlink shared channel

parameters power control Max
.......... Ack .........
. Adaptive modulation

transport ch MTCH massegs

. Ack
MULTICAST ..........
Multi cast tv ........... DL-ch

DL-SCH

channel 3G .......
parameters transport ch .

phsyical channel
FRAME TS .
BCCH ......... Pysical BCH
BROAD CAST Sub frame 0 sub-frame 5
...... symbol 0,1,2,3,4
.

PDCH PMCH slot frame

.
 info
Logical ch info broad cast
.......
info
transport ch Mod coding
......
info physical ch
info.
CH5 : LTE Protocols

Access protocols
Mobility management protocols
Services protocols
Security protocols

H-O Access Ch 5
. LTE Authentication security
. Access Procedures
 cell
random access paging
.
Bs
Bs
Bs .
Bs
frame Ts ,
slot start frame start
Bs code . primary & secondary code
 primary seq sequence ..........
............ P1 & P2 & P3 second seq 170
pair pair pair sequence
)(s1,s2
)(s3,s4
)(s5,s6
:
:
:
 )(s169,s170

frame .. 10 sub-frame sub-
frame ..2 Time slot time slot . 6 symbol
primary & secondary sequence sub-
frame 0 ...... sub-frame 5 Time slot .......
TS
Ts .....6 symbol seq symbol
symbol TS .
primary sequence . ........ symbol 6 secondary
...... symbol 5 . sub-frame 5
....symbol 1, 2 ,3 , 4 broadcast . paging
primary seq
P2 ................ sub frame 0 P2
...... sub-frame 5
secandary sequence secondary pair
pair seq slolt sub-frame 0 s1
sub-frame 5 .S2
carrier
..... ....... symbol . P2
symbol 6 symbol Ts
 Prim seq Ts
Ts Ts.
Sub-frame 0 . 2
TS Sub-frame 0 . 2
H.W ..... Matched filter i/p
.

Matched filter p1,2,3

p2 1
slot
.
slot start frame
. start
primary seq Ts
sub frame 0 sub frame 5
P2 symbol
Symbol 5 secondary sequence
 S1 Sub-frame 0 s2
.... sub-frame 5 ....... frame start
sequence.
s1 , s2 frame pair
s3 ....... sub frame 0 s4 sub-frame 5
..... seq pair sub-frame 0 ..
.... Sub-frame 5 pair . 71
. frame start
BTS .....
BTS Gold code
201 .......... 071
3 ..... S1
).......pair (s1,s2 pair
...... P1
P2 ......... s54
) pair(s54,s55 24
P3 BTs .
pair S170 170
3 Bs P1 Bs
.
 Random access access
registration ..... data
random access procdures
64 sequence zadoff seq .... seq
.....orthogonal user seq
sequence ..... sub-frame 0
0.9msec CP
 sub-frame
1msec
0.1msec ....... guard user
seq BS
guard user .
Bs
1msec sub-frame .
0.1msec
3*10 8 30km cell ....
0.1msec .
frame=10msec 100
frame frame 01 sub-frame
seq sub-frame 0 frame 100 user
......... 011
...... orthogonal
sub-frame
. BS
BS ..... 10us
5us ..... BS
10us
Resource block 10us
( ..... (time advance user 5us
Rs- Blocks .
BS seq 07
Rs-blocks time advance .
2users sequence msec
BS 2diff path
BS path delay
........ user ...............
BS RS-blocks time advance 2user
..........seq 2user
BS
..
random time seq
. random
intiate call
recall . msec
 Paging 4G sub-frame 0
call .
sub-frame 0 !!!
symbol 5,6 .......... sec&primary
symbol 1,2,3,4 ..... broadcast
broadcast ......paging
12 frame ......
paging 120msec 12frame paging
.
 ........paging intiate random access
seq .......
paging sleep mode 120msec
.

Tracking area update Loction Area Update

cell Cell
.......... cell
.......
 cell
procesing ............. location area
cell
Location area .........update load
update cell cell
. update
two location area
..........two diff cell
cell LA cell LA
update .
LA
update .
 cell Location
. area
LTE cells .... MME
MME MME UPData tracking area.
 ....... soft H-O cells
freq 3G ..................orthogonal code
reuse factor =1 4G
. Hard H-O
H-O BS Bs
MME gate way ,
 BS signal strength & Quality
BS . Bs .................
Bs H-o Bs
............BSC
BS resources
.............. rate
resources Half-rate
.

Bs H-o ............ Bs
channel Bs H-O
 Bs channel ...............
synchronized .channel
sych channel test
BS time advance power
.
data Bs .....
Bs .
H-O
 synchronization Bs
frame Ts ...... Bs
test signal .. channel
time advance ........... Bs
.
.
Bs MME
Data ....... ....... MME serving
Gate way packets routing Bs
.
G-w MME update MME new Bs
Bs realese user.
HAND OVER .
 service request
random access
Auth&security accepted ADMission
control resources data
resource network
busy Grant access ch
.
 AUTHENCATION & SECURITY 2G
IMSI
............. IMSI SECRET KEY
IMSI PASWORD
SECRET KEY

REGISTRATION IMSI SECRET KEY
KI
GENRATE RAND NUMBER logarthm A3
A8 A3
 SERS AUTHECATION A8 KC
. SECURITY
AUTH SERS BS RAND
KI RAND A3 SERS BS
.

.......... KC
GENRATION KC AUTH CENTER ....... BS
genrate kc ki rand
A8 .............. KC DATA
KC FRAME NUMBER
Encryption alograthim data
.........................
bts Decryption algorithm
kc bs encrypted data frame
................ number wired network .....
bs ....... .
 2G
rand A3 SERS KI
.. ONE WAY FUNCTION
...........TRY & ERROR
TRY & ERROR KI = 64 BIT
5 .......... 64
.

3G USER
operator
 simulate network
OPEN BTS
attack AUTH
ACCESS
....
Ki Auth center
rand Ki
registration............ disconcet
auth & security
........

**** AUTH 3G .4G

 auth 3G&4G A3&A8 FUNCTIONS
F1&F2&F3&F4&F5 .....
AUTH CENTER IMSI KI
RANDOM F1---F5 FUNCTIONS
SECRET KEY RANDOM 2G
FUNCTIONS
F2 SERS AUTH
F3 CIPHERING KEY .............. F4
............ INTEGRITY KEY F5 ATNOMY KEY
.
 .......
F1 RAND KI squence number
rand .
f1
AMF AUTH MANAGEMENT FIELD
F1 F1
.................. .MAC MESSAGE AUTH CODE
FUNCTIONS F1-F5
RAND+ XRES+CK+IK+AUTHECATION TOKEN .

** AUTN TOKEN

.... squence number XOR anonymity key + AMF +MAC

. AUTH TO NETWORK
.

AUTH CENTER RAND

AUTN .
 ... K

.

rand authentcaion token

rand k ....... f5
Anonymity Key

Ak ............AK x-or
......... SQN SQN AMF RAND K
F1 .
 MAC MAC AUTH CENTER
..... !!
k K
MAC AUTH CENTER ......
K ............. MAC K
AUTH CENTER MAC
.
SQN XOR AK
SQN SQN

ANONYMITY KEY
SQN .
user
sers f2
key .

INTEGRITY SHECK DATA

DATA REAL
TIME .
DATA HACK
RX

011
VISA CARD
SECURE .
.
RX ....DATA
RX .

Ik DATA F9
Equipment data
f9 check sum data
............ RX Bs IK F9
Data ........ ........... check sum
check sum Data
check sum
.
 check sum
.
CH6: LTE physical Layer
Source coding
Channel coding
Rate matching
Interleaving
Ciphering
OFDM Modulation
 DATA RF
MEDIUM SOURCE CODING DATA
CHANNEL CODING ERROR
DATA ..RX TX
Redundancy

Rate matching rate.

interleaving randomize . error
scrambler gold code bts
bs .
 OFDM modulation mapping
bits sample bits IFFT
SUB-CARRIERS F.D SAMPLES TIME
DOMAIN ORTHOGONAL F.D SAMPLES
ONE SYMBOL CYCLIC
PREFIX . INTERFERENCE
UP CONV CARRIER
. RF MEDIUM
PHYSICAL LAYER
BLOCK SOURCE CODING & UP CONVERSION
.....
SOURCE CODING DATA
SOURCE DATA ....... UP
CONVERSION CARRIER
TWO KIT
RF ADVANCED
.... DESIGN IN Antenna
.

sensitve matlab rate

rate block block
..... convlutional coder
enterliver data .
 skills matlab
design matlab
block Tx .............. blocks Rx
block ............ polonamyils
TX blocks ........ Rx block
Rate block tx
rate block RX

channel Tx&Rx
.... fading
. step by step
 source coding speech coding
lte video . data
information comperssion
data vidoe ................ voice
comperssion formats lte video
comperssion formats lte 3GP
. H.262
. jpG
format quality
.
 voice .......................comperssion
Narrow band adptive malti rater
wide band adpative multi rate
qulaity NB reject
............ 3.4 khz call tone
cancel
wb ............... band width rate
quality .
3GP

H.262 resalution . quality
 channel coding redundancy tx
error recovery RX crc
error . recovery
convulution turbo recovery
.............. conv ................ low rate turbo
.high rate
channel coding Lte 3G
.
 CRC Generator detect error Tx
redundancy Rx
error .
CRC Generator .......TX
syndrome detector....... Rx
 Rx redundancy error
.
concept ...........
 DATA ...... CRC
...... ALOGRTHIM alogrth 5bits
.... four zero bits alg
n-bits zero add . n-1

Tx
......
) (remindar orginal
data ...... .

data rx alogth
data
data .

error .......
.... recovery 2G
redandancy error .....
.

....H.W ....FPGA gates
crc alogrthim
 ..... polinomayl representation alorgth
.
matlab .............
simulink ..................crc generator
....... alogrthim
)) .................. (( g crc = 1D3 +0D2 + 1D1 +1D0 D
one & zero matlab
algrthim alogrth
.) RX ( syndrome

............................ H.W
shift register
3 3 shift register ...............
intial state power
............ connection
.connection
CONNECTION FEED BACK .

FB D1 ...... D3
TX ............DATA STREAM + CRC
 RX ALOGTHIM
ERROR .
LTE PHYSICAL LAYER
.

ALOGRTHIM LTE 3GPP

N0DE B . DIFF SIZE

data error alogrth

size.
 data+ reminder = 16 tX
Rx ........ alg= 2bits
error.

rx=17 bits error

..... error

rx=18 bits
. error
alg = 2bit error .

size alg= 8 bit 16

error 17 8
..................error
data + reimender 00 06
00 0 error
............ 00 51 50 54 alg = 8
bits . error

size alg ..........

error .......... data alg .
 error correction
forward error correction data ..... rx
backward error correction data
...... TX

...... FEC RX DATA

RECAVORY
BEC RX DATA
TX .
 LTE DATA ERROR
RECOVERY TX .

conv coder turbo coder

. 3G

.....convenutional encoder correct error

operation . 3G

reduandancy ...... Tx Rx
. correction

low rate data ...............

Turbo coder correction
.............. conv coder Turbo
.High rate

2G conv coder ....

rate recovery error conv
........ proccesiing Turbo
coder Rate .
 CHANNEL CODING matching rate
.... rate ......
physical
layer Matlab rate
rate .
 Interleaver
................ ...... randomize error
. security

interleaver
........ Matrisess
matrix Data Matrix
operation .
 interleave Data gold code
Data gold code .

................. Gold code

........... 2 PN code polynomial
................... pn code X-or
............... Gold code . Data
 Data mapper binary data
complex sample .. I & Q sample samples
bits modulation .....
IFFT samples Time.Domain
orthogonal sub- carriers . Ferquency Domain
samples ........ symbol
. CP
operation . OFDM MODULATION
 .......... UP Convursion
Data OFDM Modualtion carrier.

.......
.

"
"
..... ...
Material .
 ....

.....
......
....... .

..

..........


.

..........
..... .
.

ALMDINA-ALMONAWRHA@hotmail.com
 account

............................ 04-0-5105