PISA

"
PISA

PISA ( Programme for International

Student Assessment )
OECD ( Organisation for Economic
Co-operation and Development)

PISA




PISA

PISA (Literacy) PISA PISA

OECD/PISA Literacy PISA
(Literacy)
PISA

. (Reading Literacy)
. (Mathematical Literacy
.(Scientific Literacy)

PISA
PISA

(reading literacy)

PISA

PISA

PISA 2009 (Reading Literacy)

( understanding ) (using )
(reflecting) (engaging) ( written)

PISA
PISA

PISA
PISA
. . .

PISA














PISA







( Description)




( Narration)



-
-
( Exposition) -
-
- -


(Argumentation) (
)


(
( Instruction) )





PISA

.
.
(Retrieving
information)
.
.
(Interpretation .
and interpret)
.

(Reflection
and Evaluation) .

PISA


PISA
.

.

.

. ( Closed Constructed )

. ( Open Constructed )

PISA
PISA


.
.
.

.

.

.