A

1. : 17< 6+ 13 .

: v=(1,2,-1) w=(2,,0,3). Ta je
v+w=(3,2,2).

v= 12 +22+(1)2 = 6

w= 22 +0 2+3 2= 13

u+ w= 32+ 22+2 2= 17

17< 6+ 13 .

2. ,b,c, m, n , p
2 2 2 2 2 2
+b + c =1 m + n + p =1 ,

|am +bn+cp|1 .

u=(a , b , c ) v =(m , n , p) .

|u|= a2 +b2 +c 2=1 ,

|v|= m2+ n2+ p 2=1

u v =am +bn+ cp .

|u v||u||v|=1 1=1 . u v 1 , |am+bn+cp|1 ,

3. a>0, b>0, c>0,

1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + +
a b c ab bc ac .
: u v :

1 1 1 1 1 1
u=( , , )
v =( , , )
.
a b c b c a

|u|=|v|=
1 1 1
+ +
a b c ,

1 1 1
|u v| = + +
ab bc ac .

|u v||u||v| ,

1
+
1
+
1
+ +

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + = + +
ab bc ac a b c a b c a b c .

1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + +
ab bc ac a b c .

4. a, b, c, x, y i z R ,

2
ax +by +cz + ( a2 +b 2+ c 2) ( x 2 + y 2 + z 2) ( a+b +c )( x + y + z )
3

: u , v w
:

u=( x , y , z) , v =(a , b , c ) w =(1,1,1) .

Taa :

|u|= x2 + y 2 + z 2 ,

|v|= a2 +b 2+ c2 ,

w|= 12 +12+ 12= 3 ,

|
 u v =|u||v| cos , u v .

u v =ax +by +cz .

u w|cos ,
w=|u|| u
w.

u
w=x + y + z .

v w| cos ,
w =|v|| v
w.

v
w =a+b+ c .

u v - (=b=c=0 x=y=z=0)
.

u v .

u
v

w

w )
(
2
u v +|u||v|
3

|u||v|
(|uu|| vv|+1) 2 u|w w| v|w w|
, |u||v| 0 ,

u v u
w v
w
+1 2
|u||v| |u|| w| ,
w| |v||

u v u
w v
w
=cos =cos =cos
ao je |u||v| , |u||w| , |v|| w| ,

cos +1 2 coscos , .
 u,
v ,
w :
1.
2. .
, + + =2 .

cos=cos ( 2 ( + ) ) =cos ( + ) 1 cos ( ) ,

cos +1 cos ( + ) +cos ( ) =2 coscos , .

cos +1 coscos , ,

. cos ( ) =1 , . = , =2 .

, , ,

, < + , + + <2 .

< min ( + ) , 2 ( + ) , a je

cos >cos ( + )=cos ( 2 ( + ) ) , tj .

cos +1>cos ( + ) +cos ( )=2coscos , 1 cos ( ) ,

cos +1>2 coscos , .

4. a, b c a+b +c=1 .

4 a+ 1+ 4 b+1+ 4 c +1 21

: u v
u=(1,1,1) ,

v =( 4 a+ 1, 4 b+1 , 4 c +1 ) .

2 2
( u v )2 |u| |v| ,

2
( 4 a+1+ 4 b+ 1+ 4 c +1 ) 3 ( 4 a+4 b+1+4 c+ 1 )=3 ( 4 ( a+b+ c )+ 3 )=3 ( 4+3 ) =21

2
( 4 a+1+ 4 b+ 1+ 4 c +1 ) 21

 4 a+ 1+ 4 b+1+ 4 c +1 21
.