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< <O.04023299568, www.apopenschool.org; E-mail: diraposshyd@yahoo.in
C ANDHRA PRADESH OPEN SCHOOL SOCIETY
GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH, HYDERABAD

First Published - 2011

All Rights Reserved

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system


or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the prior permission, in
writing of the publisher, nor be otherwise circulated in any form of binding or
cover.

This book is a Telugu translation of the Political Science (317)


English version of NIOS, NOIDA

Printed in India
Laser Typeset at New Hitech Graphics, Hyderabad
Printed at Govt. Text Book Press, Hyderabad
Andhra Pradesh

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