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Guilan Vy
Guilan Vy
TN IUPAC: (5R,5aR,8aR,9S)-9-[[4,6-O-[(R)-Ethylidene]-b-D-
glucopyranosyl]oxy]-5-(4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-
5,8,8a,9-tetrahydroisobenzofuro[5,6-f][1,3]benzodioxol-6(5aH)-
one.
CTCT 2D
Tn bit dc:
- Vepeside
- Toposar
- Etopophos
PH IR EPOTOSIDE
Dc lc
Tn quc t: Etoposide.
Etoposid tim l 5 ml, 7,5 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml, dung dch vng nht c pH 3 - 4. Mi ml
cha 20 mg etoposid.
Ch nh
Etoposid c dng n c hay thng kt hp vi cc thuc hy khi u khc trong
iu tr ung th tinh hon khng tr qua phu thut, ha tr liu v iu tr bng tia x;
trong iu tr carcinoma phi t bo nh. Thuc cng c th nghim trong iu tr
cc khi u c khc bao gm cc khi u no, ng tiu ha, bung trng, tuyn c,
cc khi u l nui khi c thai v mt s trng hp ung th tr em. Thuc cn c
s dng iu tr u lympho Hodgkin v khng Hodgkin, iu tr cng c bnh bch cu
cp khng thuc dng lympho (bnh bch cu ty bo) hay trong sarcoma Ewing v
sarcoma Kaposi kt hp bnh AIDS.
Chng ch nh
Khng c dng etoposid trong trng hp suy ty xng nht l sau khi iu tr bng
tia x hay ha tr liu; trong trng hp suy thn.
Khng dng cho nhng ngi bnh b qu mn t trc vi etoposid hay bt k thnh
phn no c trong thuc.
Thn trng
Ch nh dng etoposid phi do nhng chuyn gia c kinh nghim iu tr thuc chng
ung th. Phi cn thn khi tim tnh mch trnh ra ngoi mch. Trng hp c
nhng du hiu hoi t nn n ngay phu thut vin to hnh. Ngi bnh phi c
theo di thng xuyn kh nng suy ty k c trong v sau iu tr. Khi bt u iu tr
v trc mi chu k iu tr tip bng etoposid cn lm cc xt nghim: S lng tiu
cu, hemoglobin, s lng v cng thc bch cu. Nu trc khi iu tr bng etoposid,
ngi bnh c iu tr bng tia x v/hoc bng ha hc th phi ch mt khong
thi gian thch hp phc hi ty xng. Nu s lng bch cu gim xung di
2000/mm3, phi hon liu trnh iu tr, thng l trong vng 10 ngy, cho ti khi cc
thnh phn mu tr v mc c th chp nhn c (tiu cu trn 100.000/mm3, bch
cu khong 4000/mm3).
Tc dng ph v x tr
Thng gp
Thiu mu, gim bch cu (thng khng c triu chng, i khi biu hin l st hay n
lnh, ho hay khn ging, au vng tht lng hay sn, i but hay i kh), gim tiu
cu (thng khng c triu chng, t gp xut huyt hay bm tm, phn en nh hc n,
c mu trong nc tiu hoc trong phn, c nhng vt lm tm da).
S lng bch cu thng thp nht sau iu tr 7 - 14 ngy. Gim tiu cu: S lng
tiu cu xung thp nht sau 9 - 16 ngy, s t bo mu tr v bnh thng sau 20
ngy.
t gp
Him gp
Bnh bch cu cp, c hay khng c giai on tin bnh bch cu.
c trng bng n lnh, st, tng nhp tim, co tht ph qun, kh th v/hoc h huyt
p. C th gy t vong.
Nhim c gan.
i ng kh khn, ngn chn ngn tay t cng hay nh b kim chm, yu, co git.
Nu c hin tng phn v phi ngng truyn ngay v dng cc thuc gy tng huyt
p, adrenocorticoid, khng histamin hay cc cht lm tng th tch mu khi cn thit.
Liu lng v cch dng
Etoposid c dng ung hoc truyn tnh mch chm. Cc dung dch etoposid khng
c tim tnh mch nhanh. gim nguy c phn ng h huyt p do truyn thuc
nhanh, phi truyn trong thi gian t nht l 30 - 60 pht.
Carcinoma phi t bo nh: Truyn tnh mch t 35 mg/m2/ngy, trong 4 ngy lin cho
n 50 mg/m2/ngy, trong 5 ngy lin, c 3 - 4 tun mt t. Liu ung gp i liu tim
truyn, tnh trn n 50 mg gn nht.
Ung th tinh hon: Trong iu tr ung th tinh hon khng tr, liu truyn tnh mch
etoposid, c phi hp vi cc phc ha tr liu, l 50 - 100 mg/m2/ngy trong 5 ngy
lin, c 3 - 4 tun mt t hoc 100 mg/m2/ngy, vo ngy 1, 3 v 5, c 3 - 4 tun mt
t, vi s t l 3 hoc 4.
Vi cc loi ung th khc, liu lng thng tng t nh liu dng iu tr ung th
tinh hon khng tr. Tuy nhin liu lng cng thay i kh rng. iu tr sarcoma
Kaposi ngi bnh AIDS, etoposid c dng truyn tnh mch vi liu 150
mg/m2/ngy, trong 3 ngy lin, c 4 tun mt t. S t iu tr ty thuc vo p ng
ca ngi bnh v phi gim liu, nu cn, ty theo tc dng suy gim ty xng ca
thuc.
Etoposid c pha long truyn tnh mch vi dung dch dextrose 5% hoc natri
clorid 0,9% c nng cui cng l 200 - 400 microgam/ml (nng cao hn 400
microgam/ml, c th b ta).
Trng hp suy thn, liu khi u cn hiu chnh theo thanh thi creatinin.
Tr em: Liu lng cha c xc nh. Nhng ch phm etoposid c cha polysorbat
80 c th e da tnh mng ca tr, nht l tr s sinh, vi triu chng: Suy gan - thn,
suy h hp, gim tiu cu v c trng.
Tng tc thuc
Cc tc dng gy gim bch cu v/hoc gim tiu cu ca etoposid c th tng ln khi
dng kt hp hay va mi iu tr nhng thuc c cng tc dng nh thuc gy suy ty
tia x tr liu.
Khi dng kt hp vi vaccin virus sng, c th gy tng s sao chp ca virus vaccin,
lm tng cc tc dng ph ca vaccin v/hoc lm gim p ng khng th ca ngi
bnh vi vaccin. V vy phi dng cc thuc ny cch xa nhau t ba thng n 1 nm.
Ciclosporin liu cao gy tng ng k nng etoposid trong mu lm nng thm tnh
trng suy ty do etoposid. Cn phi gim liu etoposid khi dng phi hp.
n nh v bo qun
Nang etoposid nu c bo qun nhit 2 - 80C trong hp kn c th n nh trong
24 thng. Cc l ng thuc tim ng kn n nh trong 24 thng nhit thng
(250C). Dung dch pha long 0,2 v 0,4 mg/ml n nh tng ng trong 96 v 48 gi
250C, di nh sng n hunh quang, khi c ng trong l thy tinh hay plastic.
Thuc tim etoposid c bo qun di 400C, tt nht l t 15 - 300C, trnh nh
sng, tr nhng qui nh c bit ca nh sn xut.
Tng k
Khng nn trn etoposid vi bt k mt thuc no khc.
Qu liu v x tr
Nu tim tnh mch vi liu tng cng 2,4 - 3,5 g/m2 trong 3 ngy s gy vim nim
mc nng v nhim c ty. Ngoi ra, cn thy tnh trng nhim toan chuyn ha v
nhim c gan nng nhng ngi bnh dng liu etoposid cao hn liu iu tr.