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B LAO NG THNG BINH V X HI
CC QUN L LAO NG NGOI NC
GIO TRNH
NGH GIA CNG, LP DNG V

THO D VN KHUN GIN GIO
Nm 2013
GIO TRNH
NGH GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO
D VN KHUN GIN GIO
Nm 2013
2
LI GII THIU
Thc hin ch trng ca ng v nh nc p ng yu cu pht trin
ca kinh t x hi, y nhanh qu trnh hi nhp quc t, i hi dy ngh phi
c i mi v pht trin mnh m, a dng, v ton din p ng c yu
cu v i ng lao ng qua o to ngh, phc v pht trin kinh t x hi v
xut khu lao ng.
Ngnh xy dng l mt trong nhng ngnh cng nghip ln trn th gii
mc d c c kh ha, song vn l ngnh s dng nhiu lao ng.
Ng cao v thit b, vt liu ri t trn cao xung l mi nguy him, mt
an ton nghim trng nht trong ngnh xy dng. a s trng hp ng l t
ch lm vic mt an ton hoc t phng tin ln xung khng an ton.
ngn chn nhng ri ro c th pht sinh. Gin gio, vn khun c
s dng ti bt c ni no trn nn, cng trnh, v nhng ni c iu kin thi
cng thiu an ton. Gin gio, vn khun phi c ch to bng vt liu tt,
cht lng, chc chn m bo an ton cho ngi ln xung v lm vic.
Cc nguyn tc chung cho cc kiu gin gio, vn khun nhm gip cho
hc vin nm c k thut gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun gin gio,
k thut an ton v bo h lao ng c gii thiu trong ti liu ny, chnh l
mc ch ca cun sch.
Khi hnh ngh ti cc cng trng xy dng cn phi tuyt i chp hnh
iu kin lm vic an ton khng gy nguy him tnh mng, tn hi sc kho
bn thn v cng ng, khng lm nh hng ti hiu qu lao ng v k nng
ngh nghip ca mnh
Ti liu ny s gip cc bn t xc nh c nhng iu kin an ton,
v sinh lao ng v chm sc sc khe trn cc cng trng xy dng ti bt c
t nc no m bn n lm vic, cng nh cc gii php c th gii quyt
nhng vn m bn gp phi.
Xin trn trng cm n cc c quan lin quan, cc n v v c nhn
tham gia xy dng.
Nhm bin son
3
MC LC
TT MC TRANG
1 Li ta 3
2 Mc lc
3 M- 01: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d gin gio 5
4 Bi 1: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d gin gio g 8
5 Bi 2: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d gin gio ng 17
6 Bi 3: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d gin gio lp ghp 25
7 Bi 4: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d gin gio t hp 31
8 M-02 : Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun 41

9 Bi 1: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun mng ct 44
10 Bi 2: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun mng bng 62
11 Bi 3: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun ct tit 71
din vung ch nht
12 Bi 4: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun ct trn 83
13 Bi 5: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun dm lin sn 93
14 Bi 6: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun cu thang hai 113
nhp
15 Bi 7: Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun tng 124
16 Bi 8: Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp nh hnh cho mng 134
17 Bi 9: Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp nh hnh cho ct 145
tit din vung - ch cht
18 Bi 10: Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp nh hnh cho dm 155
19 Bi 11: Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp nh hnh cho sn 164
20 Bi 12: Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp nh hnh cho 172
tng
4
GIO TRNH
M un: GIA CNG, LP DNG

V THO D GIN GIO
M s m un : M-01
Nm 2013
5
GIO TRNH M UN
GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO
M s m un: M - 01
Thi gian m un: 64 Gi ( L thuyt: 16 gi; Thc hnh: 48 gi )
I. V TR, NGHA VAI TR CA M UN
1.V tr:
M un c b tr hc ngay t u kho hc.
2. Tnh cht: M un chuyn mn ngh cn phi hc.
Gin gio cng tc: L cc loi thit b s dng trong xy dng (v trong
cc lnh vc xy dng khc), dng nng con ngi cng cc trang b cng
c cm tay thc hin (thc thi) cc cng vic lm trong khng gian c cao
ln (vt hn tm vc con ngi) so vi cc mt nn c s thng thng (nh
l mt t, sn cc tng nh)
Gin gio cng tc l thit b gip con ngi c th lm vic trn cao mt
cch an ton. Gin gio cng tc ch yu dng trong xy dng nn n cn c
gi l gin gio thi cng hay gin gio xy dng hoc gio thi cng ngoi
cng trnh. Tuy nhin n c th dng cho cc lnh vc cng vic khc nh: Bo
tr, v sinh h thng vch knh bao quanh cc nh cao tng, lp t v sa cha
h thng chiu sng th, cu ho
Tuy nhin trong xy dng gin gio cng tc khc bit vi loi gio
chng dng chng h thng cp pha (khun c b tng) dng y nm
bi cng nng x dng.
Gin gio cng tc hay cn gi tt l gio cng tc, c chc nng duy
nht l to ra mt sn mt bng cng tc nhn to cho ngi cng nhn xy
dng ng lm vic trn cao ln c an ton. Cn gio chng cp pha c
chc nng ch yu l chng h ngang v vn khun ca h cp pha y
nm (ch yu l chu lc trong qu trnh thi cng c cc kt cu b tng dng
nm).
Gin gio cng tc theo ng ngha nguyn thu ca t gin gio l hng
loi h kt cu dng thanh, dng khung, dng gin h thng sn cng tc
cho con ngi lm vic an ton trn cao. V sau c m rng ra gi tt cc
thit b nng v tr cng tc ca cng nhn xy dng khi h lm vic trn cao
( mt chiu cao t nhin ca h) nh gio gh, thang, gi treo,
lng cng tc treo, xe thang)
* Phn loi dn gio cng tc :
6
Gio cng tc kiu thanh
Gio cng tc kiu khung
Gio cng tc kiu dy treo ( gio treo)
Gio cng tc kiu dm con son
Gio cng tc kiu thang
Gio cng tc kiu xe thang t hnh.
Trong phm vi gio trnh ny ch gii thiu loi gio cng tc kiu khung.
II. MC TIU CA M UN
1. Kin thc
- Trnh by c nguyn tc, cu to, yu cu k thut, trnh t cc bc
gia cng sn xut gin gio g, lp dng v tho d gin gio g v kim loi
phc v cng tc thi cng cc cng trnh
2. K nng
- Lm c cc cng vic gia cng sn xut, lp dng, bo dng, tho
d c gin gio g v lp dng, tho d gin gio kim loi, m bo ng
quy trnh k thut.
3. Thi
- Yu ngh, rn luyn tnh cn thn, t m, chnh xc, tit kim vt liu.
- Ch an ton lao ng trong khi thi cng lp dng v tho d gin gio.
III. NI DUNG CHNH CA M UN
Thi gian
S Kim
Tn cc bi trong m un Tng L Thc
TT tra( LT
s thuyt hnh
hoc TH)
1 Bi 1: Gia cng, lp dng v tho
10 4 6 0
d gin gio g
2 Bi 2: Lp dng v tho d gin
18 4 12 2
gio ng (gio tup)
18 4 12 2
gio lp ghp
18 4 12 2
gio t hp(gio pal)
Tng s 64 16 42 6
7
Bi 1: GIA CNG LP DNG, THO D GIN GIO G.
M bi: M 01 - 01
M t gin gio g
- Gin gio g cu to c : ct chng, dm dc, dm ngang, vn mt,
thanh vng (vng cho theo phng ngang v vng ngang theo phng dc),
cc k, lan can bo v, np...
- G t nhin thng t nhm 8;7;6 vv.
- c im hnh dng kiu khun mu lp dng thnh cu cng tc khi
vn chuyn vt liu (b tng,st thp...) ng hnh dng, kch thc theo thit k
k thut, yu cu khi lp dng ng v tr tim ct cng trnh theo thit k., tho,
lp, ghp, ni v lun chuyn thun tin, d dng.
- L cng vic lp dng gin gio kiu khung rng, di v cao khi lp
dng gin gio theo phng thng ng trong cng vic thi cng tai ch cho
cng trnh.
- c im ca cng tc gin gio g lm nhng ni a hnh phc tp,
mt bng kh khn, phi thi cng th cng, mi trng khng thun tin s
dng gin gio kim loi c (nh nc bin, acid n mn kim loi...)
- Mt ngi khng th lm c m phi lm vic theo nhm.
Mc tiu ca bi
- Nu c cu to v nu c cc yu cu k thut, quy trnh gia cng
cc sn phm chi tit b phn ca gin gio g.
- Lm c cc cng vic; la chn vt liu, gia cng, lp dng v tho
d gin gio g ti cng trnh xy dng.
- Rn luyn tnh cn thn, t m, chnh xc, tit kim vt liu v an ton
lao ng trong qu trnh lp dng v tho d gin gio g.
Ni dung chnh ca bi
1. Cu to gin gio g.
1.1. Cu to phn khung .
* Khung gm
- Nhng thanh dm ngang 1 t trn cc ct chng 2 c nh v t
trc theo tim mc. Cc ct c t thnh hng vi nhau theo chiu rng L
ca gin gio. Tu theo chiu rng L m c th t 2 hay 3 ct chng.(Hnh 1-1)
8
l l
1 1
2 2
h
3 3
4 4
b b b
Hnh 1-1: Khung

1. Dm ngang 2. Ct chng
3. Thanh vng cho. 4. Cc k chn ct
- Nhng thanh vng cho 3 c lin kt vi ct chng 2 bng inh a
tng n nh lin kt theo phng ngang cho gin gio, di cc chn ct
chng 2 c th k bng cc cc k 4 khung c n nh trn mt bng.
- Do sn phm g ph thuc vo kch thc t nhin c th ca g nh
chiu di g, khuyt tt ca g...nn kch thc cc tit din v chiu di ca
dm ngang, chiu cao ct chng, chiu di ca thanh vng cho ph thuc vo
chiu cao H ca tng gin gio, khong cch B gia cc ct chng.
- Khong cch gia cc khung C c th ly bng hoc ln hn khong
cch gia cc ct chng B (C = 1 1,5B)
- Kch thc ca khung
Bng 1-1: Bng chn kch thc tit din thanh ca kt cu
Khong cch B Tit din nh nht ca dm ngang, ct chng, thanh

Chiu cao H vng cho, cc k (mm)
ln nht gia
ca tng gin
cc ct chng Dm Thanh
gio (m) Ct chng Cc k
(m) ngang vng cho
1 2 0,5 1 80 x 120 80 x 80 30 x 200 100 x 100
2 3 1 1,5 100 x 150 100 x 100 30 x 200 150 x 150
3 4 1,5 2 120 x 180 150 x 150 30 x 250 200 x 200

Ghi ch: Kch thc tit din cho php sai s 10mm.
9
1.2. Cu to phn trn khung
- Gm cc dm dc 5 t trn dm ngang 1 lin kt cc khung ngang
trc tip cc thamh dm ny v cc tm vn mt 6 pha trn, cc thanh dm
dc 5 cc tm vn mt 6 v c lin kt bng inh. Kch thc tit din
ngang tm vn mt 6 thng thng l 30 x 300 mm
- Lan can bo v hai bn c lm bng cc thanh ng 7 v ngang 8 c
kch thc tit din 30 x 200 mm. Cc thanh ng 7 c lin kt vi thanh
dm ngang 1 pha ngoi bng inh a, cn cc thanh ngang 8 lin kt vi thanh
ng 7 bng inh 5 cm.
7
8 5 6
4
b b
Hnh 1-2 : Phn trn Khung

5. Dm dc
6. Tm vn mt
7. Thanh ng lan can
8. Thanh ngang lan can
10
7
8
a a
6
5
h
9
c c
Hnh 1.3 Lin kt gin gio Theo phng dc.

5. Dm dc
6. Tm vn mt
7. Thanh ng lan can
8. Thanh ngang lan can
9. Thanh vng ngang theo phng dc
- Trng hp dng gin gio lm cu cng tc vn chuyn th cc

tm vn mt c xp kht vo nhau lin tip to thnh ng i cho phng
tin vn chuyn th s nh xe ci tin hoc xe ra...
2. Chun b cc iu kin v an ton cho gia cng, lp dng gin gio
2.1. Phng tin vn chuyn ph hp, chc chn...
2.2. Thao tc, sp xp, chng buc, cp pha, gin gio, chun xc
2.3. Mt bng hp l, tp kt vt liu gn gng
2.4. An ton lao ng khi thc hin cng vic
3. Yu cu k thut gin gio g.
3.1.ng hnh dng kch thc chiu rng , chiu cao, khong cch cc chn ct
chng ca gin gio theo thit k
3.2. Gin gio m bo chc chn, n nh khi lp ghp, lin kt thnh tng
khung, mng to thnh gin khi i li v vn chuyn vt liu c an ton.
3.3. Ton b h thng chng , lin kt khi lp dng xong lun lun m bo
n nh, vng chc trong khi thi cng.
11
3.4. Gin gio khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim, m bo ng ct cao ,
chiu di theo thit k ca cng trnh;
3.5. C cu to tht n gin, khoa hc, hp l, lp nhanh, tho nhanh khng
lm nh hng n cng tc lp t ct thp, vn khun... v lun chuyn c
nhiu ln.
4. Trnh t gia cng sn xut gin gio g.
4.1.Cng tc an ton lao ng .
Khi thi cng phi y trang thit b qun o bo h lao ng c bit
chn phi i dy bo h, gng tay, m, knh v eo dy an ton cho ngi trong
qu trnh tho d i li quan st k trnh dm phi inh, ca ct , ng inh cn
thn khng vo tay v bi vo mt.
4.2. Quan st v nghe hng dn bn v kt cu gin gio bit c hnh dng,
kch thc chiu rng, cao, di, chng loi cu kin kt cu, s lng v v tr
lp dng .
4.3. Chn vt liu cn c vo s liu ca bng thng k chn cc tm vn mt,
dm dc, dm ngang, ct chng, thanh vng... sao cho cng chiu dy phng,
thng, tit din ph hp chiu di, chiu rng, chiu cao gin gio hp l
trnh ct li lng ph vt liu v nhn cng, chn y cc thanh dm, thanh
vng, ct chng, neo gi, inh a, inh... v cc vt liu khc theo yu cu.
4.4. Gia cng cc sn phm g cho gin gio ( nh: ct chng, dm dc, dm
ngang, thanh vng, ph kin gia c, chng , lan can bo v)
- Gia cng sn xut vn mt, thanh vng bng chiu di, chiu rng, chiu
dy thit k cc cnh theo chiu dc ca tng tm vn ghp lin kt vi nhau
phi bng phng, kn kht .
- Gia cng cc thanh dm dc, dm ngang chu lc, ct chng ng, c
tit din ch nht, vung m bo thng khng cong vnh, h thng khung
chng , inh lin kt, dy neo y s lng v cht lng theo thit k.
5. Lp dng kim tra v iu chnh gin gio g.

5.1. Cng tc lp dng.
- Xc nh tim, ct cao ca chn ct chng. Dng cc ct chng theo
v tr xc nh, neo chng tm thi cc ct bng cc tm thanh vng.
- t thanh dm ngang ln ct chng to thnh khung ..
- ng cc thanh vng cho lin kt cc ct chng vi nhau khung n
nh.
* Ch : Ty theo nn cng trnh t cc ct chng nh v nh sau:
+ Nn t: Dng m m nn cho nn t bng phng, n nh,
khng b ln , k cc k bn di, sau t chn ct chng ln cc k.
12
+ Nn b tng: Cc cc k c t di chn ct chng trong qu trnh
nh v chn ct, phi ch l nn b tng ti v tr chn ct cng phi
bng phng trnh lm nghing ct, nu gp trng hp nghing th phi ty
nn b tng cho bng phng mi c k chn ct bng cc k.
- Lp dng cc thanh dm dc v tm vn mt pha trn khung .
- Vi gin gio dng thao tc hon thin cng trnh phc v cho ngi
ng v i li th cc tm vn mt t trn dm dc c khong cch l a = 50cm.
- Trng hp s dng gin gio lm cu cng tc vn chuyn vt liu
(st thp, b tng...) th cn phi xp vn mt lin tc kht vo nhau thnh ng
i cho phng tin th s vn chuyn.Trong trng hp ny cn phi t thm
hai thanh dm dc phi trn nhng tm vn mt v tr pha ngoi lm dm
chn bnh cho xe th s vn chuyn m bo an ton.
- Lp t cc thanh ng v ngang ca lan can bo v hai bn gin gio.
- Lp t cc thanh vng ngang, dc theo tuyn gin gio tng s lin
kt, n nh ca gin gio
5.2. Cng tc kim tra v chnh sa.
* Ch : Nhng sai phm thng gp
- Khng ng hnh dng, kch thc: C th do xem bn v, thng k
kch thc sai, hoc khi gia cng ca ct tha hoc thiu vv, c bit thiu cng
tc kim tra cho tng cng vic, dn n khi kt thc xong xy ra khng ng
k thut
- Sai lch tim, ct: L do lp dng xong khng kim tra, hoc chnh sa,
vng, chng lm sai lch v.v...
- Yu cu mi cng vic khi hon thnh u phi c bc kim tra li
chnh xc, nu cha c phi chnh sa v phi kim tra li chnh xc mi
vng ging chng chc chn c nh.
6. Tho d gin gio, v sinh cng nghip v bo qun vt liu gin gio.
6.1. Cng tc tho d.
- Khi tho d gin gio lu khng gy tc ng mnh vo phn b tng
lm nh hng n cht lng
- Tho lan can bo v, dm chn bnh (nu c), tho cc tm vn mt ln
lt
- Tho cc dm dc, thanh vng ngang.
- Tho h thng khung : tho cc thanh dm ngang, thanh vng cho
- V sinh sch s xp theo chng loi
6.2. Cng tc v sinh cng nghip, bo qun vt liu
13
- inh phi c nh khi vn, np hoc ng phng vi mt vn, khng
vt, qung vn lm b gy, v vn mt, thanh dm, ct chng vv.
- Mt bng ni lm vic, phng tin dng c, my chuyn dng v vn
mt, ct chng, thanh dm, thanh vng. V.v... phi v sinh sch s, gn gng.
- Xp gn gng ng chng loi.
Bi luyn tp: LP DNG GIN GIO G

A. M t bi
1. Tn sn phm: Lp dng gin gio g cho cng tc hon thin cng trnh
ng yu cu k thut
2. Nguyn liu
- Vn mt gia cng xong.
- H thng khung v thanh dm dc, thanh vng ngang, thanh ng
v thanh ngang ca lan can bo v, cc k vv ...( gia cng v chun b.)
3. Kt cu:
- Mt ct ngang ca gin gio c kch thc ( n v l cm) nh hnh v (
Hnh 1.4).
- Gin gio gm 2 nhp vi 3 khung gia cng v chun b trc
( Khong cch gia cc chn ct theo phng dc tuyn gin gio C =
180 cm)
4. Thi gian lm bi: 3 gi cho mt ln lp dng v tho d, 1 gi cho cng
tc chun b.
5. Nhn lc - Nhm gm 5 ngi lp dng luyn tp 2 ln
B. Trang thit b phc v bi kim tra
1. Dng c, thit b, vt t cn thit do xng trng cung cp
- B gin gio g gm: 3 khung c gia cng v ghp thnh khung,
cc thanh chng cho nh v khung , cc thanh dm dc, cc thanh vng ngang, cc
tm vn mt, cc thanh ng v thanh ngang ca lan can bo v, cc thanh np v
inh 5 cm, inh a
Th sinh c ng k s dng my mc a nng, my ca cm tay
- Cng cp in cho cc loi my chuyn dng
- V tr lm vic c din tch ph hp v m bo nh sng .
2. Dng c thit b, vt t do th sinh t chun b
- Ca , ba, km, x cy, x beng, thang g
- Thc mt, thc vung, niv, dy di
- Dng c bo h lao ng c nhn.
C. Hng dn chm im
14
PHIU CHM IM K NNG THC HNH
M bi M 01 - 01
Ngy kim tra............................
bi kim tra: Lp dng gin gio g nh hnh v
a im kim tra......................
H tn hc sinh .....................................................
H tn gio vin......................................................
Sai
s Phng php im ti
TT Ni dung
cho nh gi a
php
1 Kch thc chiu di 5 Dng thc mt o 10
gin gio cm ly sai s ln nht
2 Kch thc chiu cao 3 Dng thc mt o 10
3 Kch thc chiu rng 3 Dng thc mt o 10
4 V tr tim chn ct 3 Dng thc mt o 10
cm
5 ngang bng 3 Dng niv kim tra 10
cm
6 thng ng 3 Dng dy kim tra 15
cm
7 Cc lin kt lp ng nh gi ca gio vin 10
cu to
8 chc chn v n nh gi ca gio vin 15
nh ca ton b h
thng gin gio
9 - m bo an ton lao Gio vin quan st, ghi 5
ng chp qu trnh 0
- Mt an ton trong thi
cng
10 V sinh cng nghip nh gi ca gio vin 5
Tng im 100
15
250
100
300
120 120
Hnh 1.4 : Mt ct ngang gin gio g
16
Bi 2: LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO NG(GIO TUP)
M bi: M 01 - 02
M t gin gio ng:
- Gin gio ng s dng cc ng thp c chiu di v ng knh khc
nhau lm ct ng, dc, ngang, ging, chng chokt cu ging nh
gin gio g. Cc kt cu c lin kt bng cc loi kho gio khc nhau. Khi
cn ni di thm ng c th dng ng ni hoc kiu trc ni.
- Loi gin gio ny lp dng, tho d nhanh, thun tin nhng phi
chng v ging, neo gi nhiu mi m bo n nh, chc chn thi cng nht
l khi chiu cao ca gio qu ln.
- Trong xy dng gin gio ng dng nhiu hon thin cng trnh nh
cao tng, cc cng trnh c mt bng bng phng, rng ri
Mc tiu ca bi
- Nu c cu to v nu c cc yu cu k thut, quy trnh lp dng
v tho d cc chi tit b phn ca gin gio ng.
- Lm c cc cng vic; la chn vt liu, ph kin ph hp, lp dng
v tho d gin gio ng ti cng trnh xy dng.
lao ng trong qu trnh lp dng v tho d gin gio ng.
Ni dung chnh ca bi
1. Cu to gin gio ng:
- Gm cc on thp ng c chiu di t 2 6 m, ng knh ng c cc
loi 32, 34, 42 c chiu dy 1,8 2mm, c lin kt vi nhau bng cc
kho gio, to thnh h khung ca gin gio ( c ct ng, dc, ngang,
ging chng cho, neo gi ngang ). Di chn cc ct ng c tm bn ( hay
tm ) phn b lc v chng ln cho gin gio. Khi cn ni di cc on
ng, ngi ta dng ng ni hoc trc ni.
- Mt trn ca tng gio c cc tm sn cng tc cho ngi ng thao
tc.
- C t thang st di chuyn ln xung gia cc tng gio m bo an
ton v tng n nh cho gin gio.Gia hai t thang c t tm sn i li
thun tin.
17
Hnh 2 1 Mt ct ngang gio ng c nh
18
Hnh 2 2 Gio ng dng tr gio c lp di chuyn bng h thng bnh xe.
19
Hnh 2 3 Cu to chi tit bnh xe di chuyn
20
Hnh 2 4 Cc hnh thc kho gio
Hnh 2 5 Cc chi tit ng ni
2. Chun b cc iu kin v an ton cho lp dng gin gio

2.2. Thao tc, sp xp, chng buc, ng thp, tm sn... gin gio, chun xc
3. Yu cu k thut gin gio ng.
3.1. ng hnh dng kch thc chiu rng, chiu cao, khong cch cc chn ct
chng ca gin gio theo thit k. Cn lu rng khong cch gia cc chn ct
21
chng ng theo phng t thang st ph thuc vo chiu di thang st v gc
dng thang nghing so vi phng nm ngang khong t 300 450 .
(V d : thang st c chiu di L = 2400mm th khong cch cc chn
ct theo phng t thang l 1,7m 2m.). Cn khong cch cc chn ct chng
ng theo phng vung gc vi thang ph thuc vo chiu di tm sn cng
tc.
- Chn c loi ng c ng knh ph hp vi cc kch thc ca gin
gio.
n nh, vng chc trong khi thi cng. c bit ti nhng v tr ni ng, lin
kt bng kha gio phi ng k thut v c kim tra cn thn.
3.4. Gin gio khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim, m bo ng cao ,
3.5. C cu to n gin, gn nh, lp nhanh, tho nhanh, thao tc thun tin.
4 . Lp dng kim tra v cn chnh gin gio ng.
4.1 Cng tc lp dng.
- Xc nh tim, ct cao ca chn ct chng. Dng cc ct chng theo
v tr xc nh, neo chng tm thi cc ct bng cc thanh chng cho .
- a cc thanh ngang, dc ln ct chng v dng cc kho gio
lin kt to thnh khung cng..
- Chng cc thanh chng cho lin kt cc ct chng vi nhau khung
n nh.
- Lp thang di chuyn cho mi tng gio tng cng n nh v c
cao tip tc lp ghp nng cao c chiu cao ca gin gio.
- Lp tm sn cng tc ti v tr u thang d dng chuyn t thang
(nhp thang tip theo).
4.2 Cng tc kim tra chnh sa
- Ti nhng v tr dng kho gio lin kt vn bu lng khng cht lm
cho cc b phn khung gio khng c n nh, s lin kt gia cc thanh
khng chc chn...
- Sai lch tim, ct: L do lp dng xong khng kim tra, hoc chnh
sa, vng, chng lm sai lch v.v...
22
5.1. Cng tc tho d.
- Khi tho d gin gio phi theo th t ln lt t trn xung di.
- Trc khi tho cc thanh lin kt cn phi quan st tho cc kho
gio v neo gi, chng buc
- Tho cc tm sn cng tc, dc, ngang, thanh chng cho, thang
st...
- V sinh sch s xp theo chng loi.
- Cc thanh chng, dc , ngang, tm sn cng tckhi tho d phi
xp theo chng loi, khng vt chng cho ln nhau, ba bi hin trng lm
cong, bp ng
- Mt bng ni lm vic, phng tin dng c, my chuyn dng v cc
sn phm chi tit nh: tm sn cng tc, ct chng, thanh dm, thanh vng.
V.v... phi v sinh sch s, gn gng.
Bi luyn tp: LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO NG

A. M t bi
1. Tn sn phm: Lp dng v tho d gin gio ng cho cng tc hon thin
cng trnh ng yu cu k thut
2. Nguyn liu
- Cu thang st c kch thc Lx W = 2400 x 540mm, tm sn cng tc c
kch thc
L x W = 1500 x 300 mm gia cng xong.
- Thanh dc, thanh ngang, ct chng ng, thanh chng cho, thanh
vng ngang, thanh ng v thanh ngang ca lan can bo v... c lm bng cc
ng thp 32 vi cc kch thc ph hp, cc kho gio, cht neo gi y ...
3. Kt cu: Mt ct dc ca gin gio c kch thc ( n v l mm) nh hnh
v (hnh 2.2).
4. Thi gian lm bi: 3 gi cho mt ln lp dng v tho d, 1 gi cho cng
tc chun b.
23
5. Nhn lc: Nhm gm 3 ngi lp dng luyn tp 2 ln
- B gin gio ng gm: Cc tm , cc thanh chng cho nh v khung , cc
thanh dc, ngang, cc thanh vng ngang, cc tm sn thao tc, thang st, cc
thanh ng v thanh ngang ca lan can bo v, cc kho gio, cht kp neo gi...
- Th sinh c ng k s dng my khoan, my ct cm tay
- My ct , ba, km in, km kp ng, c l, m- lt, x cy, x beng,
thang g
C. Hng dn chm im
M bi M 01 - 02
Ngy kim tra............................
bi kim tra: Lp dng v tho d gin gio ng ( nh hnh v)
a im kim tra......................
H tn hc sinh .....................................................
H tn gio vin......................................................
Sai
im
s Phng php
TT Ni dung nh gi ti
cho nh gi
a
php
1 Kch thc chiu di gin gio 5 Dng thc mt o 10
cm ly sai s ln nht
2 Kch thc chiu cao gin gio 3 Dng thc mt o 10
cm ly sai s ln nht
3 Kch thc chiu rng gin gio 3 Dng thc mt o 10
cm ly sai s ln nht
24
cm
5 ngang bng 5 Dng niv kim tra 10
cm
6 thng ng 3 Dng dy di kim 15
cm tra
7 Cc lin kt lp ng cu to nh gi ca gio vin 10
8 chc chn v n nh ca nh gi ca gio vin 15
ton b h thng gin gio
9 - m bo an ton lao ng Gio vin quan st, ghi 5
- Mt an ton trong thi cng chp qu trnh 0
Tng im 100
2000 1000 1000

Tm sn thao tc
1200
Cu thang st
1200
1200
1200
Tm
Hnh 2-2. Mt ct dc gio ng
25
Bi 3: LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO LP GHP
M bi: M 01 - 03
M t gin gio lp ghp:
Gio lp ghp ang c dng rt ph bin hin nay, u im ca n l
cu to n gin, tho lp d dng, cc thanh dc, ngang, thanh ging cho u
lm bng nhng ng thp. Cc thanh dc v ngang c lin kt thnh khung
cng. Di chn cc ct ca khung cng c th l tm hoc kch chn ct.
C nhiu loi kch chn ct vi kch thc khc nhau, kiu rng hay c hoc
bng cng khc nhau. Hai khung cng kt hp vi mm (sn thao tc) v 4
thanh ging cho c th gi l mt b gio c lp hon chnh.
Gio lp ghp c dng lm nh cao tng vi cng vic rt a dng nh:
xy, trt , sn, b ma tt, lp rp h thng in, nc.vvkhi phi lp rp
gio thnh mt h thng gin gio rt ln. V th khi lp rp phi theo mt
nguyn tc nht nh
Qu trnh lp rp h thng gin gio xy dng khung thp :
Trc ht phi m bo rng gin gio phi c dng trn mt t chc chn,
cc tm gi c dng dng gin gio phi bng phng gip cho vic lp
dng c chc chn, thng bng, khi tng u tin ca b gin gio c lp
dng t yu cu th lp dng tng tip theo. Trong cc tng tip theo khng
yu cu bng phng hn tng mt.
- t cc kch chn trn dm g phng v iu chnh theo cao yu cu,
lp cc thnh phn ca khung ng vo kch chn. Sau t cc ging cho
cho gc qua cc khung k cn lin kt thnh mt b phn hon chnh.
- Khi lp gio ln nhiu tng, trnh lt gio phi neo gi gio theo
quy cch : c 3 khung th neo gi 1 ln.
- t ln trn tng trn cng sn thao tc theo ng khe ni, m bo
khng x lch gy mt an ton khi thao tc.
Mc tiu ca bi
v tho d cc chi tit b phn ca gin gio lp ghp.
- Lm c cc cng vic : la chn kch thc, ph kin ph hp, lp
dng v tho d gin gio lp ghp ti cng trnh xy dng.
lao ng trong qu trnh lp dng v tho d gin gio lp ghp
Ni dung chnh ca bi
1. Cu to gin gio lp ghp:
26
3
Gio lp ghp gm cc b phn: cc thanh dc, thanh ngang lin kt
thnh mng khung cng, cc thanh ging cho, mt sn cng tc
Hnh 3-1 Gin gio lp ghp.

1. Khung gio. 2. Thanh ging cho.
3. Mt sn cng tc 4. Tm .(Hoc kch chn ct Kch tng)
- Cc khung ngang 1 c lin kt vi nhau bng cc ging cho 2 v

chng ln nhau theo chiu cao. Mt trn ca tng gio c cc tm sn cng tc
cho ngi ng thao tc. C t thang st di chuyn ln xung gia cc
tng gio m bo an ton v tng n nh cho gin gio.Gia hai t thang c
t tm sn i li thun tin.
- Kch tng cc loi: Do gio lp ghp ch to theo nhng kch thc
chn t trc nn cn gi l gio nh hnh. Khi s dng gio thi cng nh
cao tng phi dng gio c cng kch thc lp ghp to ra mt bng thi
cng va di va cao theo khng gian xung quanh nh.
Hnh 3 - 2 Gio lp ghp c lp dng
27
2.2. Thao tc, sp xp, chng buc, khung cng, tm sn...ca gin gio, chun
xc
3. Yu cu k thut gin gio lp ghp

3.1. Khi lp dng phi tun th nguyn tc lp rp h thng gin gio xy dng
khung thp. Chn c loi gio c kch thc ph hp vi cng vic thi cng,
c ng knh ng ph hp vi cc kch thc ca gin gio.
n nh, vng chc trong khi thi cng. c bit ti nhng v tr ni ng, lin
kt bng ni phi ng k thut v c kim tra cn thn.
4 . Lp dng kim tra v cn chnh gin gio lp ghp.

4.1 Cng tc lp dng.
- Khi lp, ni di cc ng bng cc mi ni v lin kt bng ni theo
nguyn l kp. Khong cch gia cc ct ng, thanh dc, thanh ngang phi
tun theo quy nh, tu theo chiu cao ca gin gio v cng dng ( xy, trt
...)Cc ct ng c lin kt vi cc tm m hoc dng vn k chng ln.
Cc ng ng phi c no vo cng trnh.
- Trnh t lp dng gin gio lp ghp nh sau:
+ Xc nh tim, ct cao ca chn ct chng. Dng cc ct chng theo
v tr xc nh, neo gi tm thi cc khung ngang.
+ Chng cc thanh chng cho lin kt cc ct chng vi nhau khung
n nh.
+ Lp thang di chuyn cho mi tng gio tng cng n nh v c
cao tip tc lp ghp nng cao c chiu cao ca gin gio.
+ Lp tm sn cng tc ti v tr u thang d dng chuyn t thang
(nhp thang tip theo).
28
- Ti nhng v tr k chn ct khng c bng phng, hoc b ln
khng u lm cho gio khng n nh, b nghing, cao khng u, mt an
ton.
vng ging chng, no gi chc chc chn, mi lp dng t tip theo.
5.1. Cng tc tho d.
- Tho cc tm sn cng tc, thang st, cc thanh ging cho, khung
ngang, cc cht no gi...
- Cc khung ngang,thang st, thanh ging cho, tm sn cng tc
khi tho d phi xp theo chng loi, khng vt chng cho ln nhau, ba bi
hin trng lm cong, bp ng
- Mt bng ni lm vic, phng tin dng c, my chuyn dng v cc sn
phm chi tit nh: tm sn cng tc, thanh ging cho, thang st... phi v sinh
sch s, gn gng.
Bi luyn tp: LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO LP GHP

A. M t bi
1. Tn sn phm: Lp dng v tho d gin gio lp ghp phc v cng tc
hon thin cng trnh
2. Nguyn liu , vt liu
Gm : 6 b gio c y cc ph kin nh ng ni, kch tng cc loi... chi
tit nh sau:
- Cu thang st c kch thc Lx W = 2400 x 540mm, tm sn cng tc c
kch thc L x W = 1500 x 300 mm gia cng xong.
- Khung ngang gin gio l loi c u cao1,7m, rng 1,25m ( H x w =
1700 x 1250mm) lm bng ng thp 42 dy 3,5m . Thanh ging cho di
1,96m lm bng ng thp 21.
29
3. Kt cu
Mt ct dc ca gin gio c kch thc (n v l cm) nh hnh v 3.2)
4. Thi gian lm bi:
3 gi cho mt ln lp dng v tho d, 1 gi cho cng tc chun b.
- B gio lp ghp gm : cc tm , khung ngang, thanh chng cho, sn thao
tc, thang st, cc ph kin ni , no gi...
thang g
C. Hng dn chm im
M bi M 01 - 03
Ngy kim tra............................
bi kim tra: Lp dng v tho d gin gio lp ghp (nh hnh v)
a im kim tra......................
H tn hc sinh .....................................................
H tn gio vin......................................................
Sai s
Phng php im
TT Ni dung nh gi cho
nh gi ti a
php
1 Kch thc chiu di gin 5 Dng thc mt o 10
gio cm ly sai s ln nht
2 Kch thc chiu cao gin Dng thc mt o 10
30
gio 3cm ly sai s ln nht
3 Kch thc chiu rng 3 Dng thc mt o 10
cm
5 ngang bng Dng niv kim tra 10
3cm
6 thng ng 3 Dng dy di kim 15
cm tra
7 Cc lin kt lp ng cu nh gi ca gio vin 10
to
8 chc chn v n nh nh gi ca gio vin 15
ca ton b h thng gin
gio
9 - m bo an ton lao Gio vin quan st, ghi 5
ng chp qu trnh 0
cng
Tng im 100
1.Khung ngang
1
2. Thang st
1700
3.Thanh chng cho

4 4. Sn thao tc
2 5. Tm
1700
1500 1500 1500 1500
Hnh 3 - 3 Mt ct dc gin gio lp ghp
31
Bi 4: LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO T HP (GIO PAL)
M bi: M 01 04
M t gin gio t hp :
Gio t hp c hai loi :
- Khi tr c lp l nhng khung dng ch A gi l gio ch A (Hinh 4.1)
- Khi tr c lp l nhng khung tam gic gi l gio PAL (Hnh 4.2)
Cch lp dng v s dng ca hai loi ny tng t nhau.
*Tr gio c lp bng kim loi lp rp t cc khung cng, mng cng
nh hnh (gio cng c) theo nguyn tc xp chng v lin kt bng cht. Loi
ny c kh nng lp, dng, tho bng th cng, thch hp khi chng vn
khun cao.
Khi chiu cao ca tr c lp nh m bo n nh th khng cn
ging gi.
Khi chiu cao ln khng m bo n nh phi c h ging (ging mm
hoc cng ).
Ging mm bng cp la, thp trnlin kt vo cc im c nh chc
chn ngoi cng trnh hoc gia cc tr gio vi nhau, p dng khi cc tr gio
t ring l hoc t cch xa nhau.
Ging cng lm bng vn, g thanh, thp hnh, ng giop dng khi
cc tr gio t gn nhau hoc ging vo cc cng trnh c sn gn.
Gio PAL c thit k da trn nguyn tc mt h khung dn tam gic,
gm nhng khung tam gic cng lp bng cch xp chng ln nhau to thnh
tr gio c lp (3 cnh hoc 4 cnh ). Khung tam gic ny t ln khung tam
gic kia cho ti khi t cao yu cu.
Mc tiu ca bi
v tho d cc chi tit b phn ca gin gio t hp.
- Lm c cc cng vic : la chn kch thc, ph kin ph hp, lp
dng v tho d gin gio t hp ti cng trnh xy dng.
lao ng trong qu trnh lp dng v tho d gin gio t hp.
Ni dung chnh ca bi
Cc loi gio t hp:
32
Hnh 4 - 1 Gio ch A
33
Kch
u ct
Khp ni
khung
Thanh
ging cho
Khung tam
gic
Kch chn
ct
Thanh ging
ngang
Hnh 4 - 2 Gio PAL

(Tr gio c lp 4 cnh hnh vung)
34
Hnh 4 - 3 Kch chn ct v kch u ct
1. Cu to gin gio t hp:

Cu to ca gio PAL bao gm cc b phn:
- Kch c hn vo tm (di) v tm u (trn cng)
- Cc thanh ging ngang v ging cho
- Khung tam gic tiu chun
- Khp ni
- Cht gi khp ni

2.2. Thao tc, sp xp, chng buc, khung tam gic, tm sn...ca gin gio,
chun xc
3. Yu cu k thut gin gio t hp

3.1.Khi lp dng phi tun th nguyn tc lp rp h thng gin gio xy dng
khung thp
- Chn c loi gio c kch thc ph hp vi cng vic thi cng, c
ng knh ng ph hp vi cc kch thc ca gin gio.
35
n nh, vng chc trong khi thi cng. c bit ti nhng v tr khp ni ng,
lin kt bng ni phi ng k thut v c kim tra cn thn.
4 . Lp dng kim tra v cn chnh gin gio PAL.

4.1 Cng tc lp dng.
Ton b h thng ca gi khung tam gic, sau khi lp dng xong, c
th iu chnh cao nh b kch pha di v pha trn (chiu cao c th t 0
750mm)
Trnh t lp dng gin gio PAL nh sau:
- Xc nh tim, ct cao ca chn khung tam gic.
- t b kch (gm v kch), lin kt cc b kch vi nhau bng ging
nm ngang v ging cho.
- Lp khung tam gic vo tng b kch, iu chnh cc b phn cui ca
ca khung tam gic tip xc vi ai c.
- Lp cc thanh ging ngang v ging cho.
- Lng khp ni v lm cht bng cht gi khp ni. Sau tip tc
chng cho n khi t cao yu cu. Cui cng,lp cc b kch pha trn
cc gc ca khung tam gic.
- Ti nhng v tr k chn ct khng c bng phng, iu chnh chn
kch khng u hoc b ln khng u, lm cho gio khng n nh, b nghing,
cao khng u, mt an ton.
vng ging chng, no gi chc chc chn, mi lp dng t tip theo.
5.1. Cng tc tho d.
- Tho cc tm sn cng tc, thang st, cc thanh ging cho, thanh
ging ngang, khung tam gic, cc cht no gi khp ni..
36
- Cc khung tam gic,thang st, thanh ging cho, tm sn cng tc
khi tho d phi xp theo chng loi, khng vt chng cho ln nhau, ba
bi
hin trng lm cong, bp ng
- Mt bng ni lm vic, phng tin dng c, my chuyn dng v cc
sn phm chi tit nh: tm sn cng tc, thanh ging cho, thang st... phi v
sinh sch s, gn gng.
Bi luyn tp: LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO PAL

A. M t bi
1. Tn sn phm: Lp dng v tho d gin gio PAL phc v cng tc hon
thin cng trnh
2. Nguyn liu , vt liu
Gm : 6 b gio ( mi b to thnh tr gio c lp 4 cnh) c y
cc khung tam gic,thanh ging cho, thanhging ngang, tm sn cng tc,
thang di chuyn v ph kin ph kin nh khp ni.,kch tng cc loi... chi tit
nh sau:
- Khung tam gic ca gio PAL l loi kch thc ( nh hinh v 4.2)
lm bng ng thp 42 dy 3,5mm
- Thanh ging cho di 1,69m lm bng ng thp 21.
- Thanh ging ngang di 1,20m
3. Kt cu:
Mt bn ca gin gio c kch thc ( n v l cm) nh (hnh v 4.3)
4.Thi gian lm bi:
3 gi cho mt ln lp dng v tho d, 1 gi cho cng tc chun b.

- B gio PAL gm : cc tm , khung tam gic, thanh ging cho, thanh
ging ngang, sn thao tc, thang st, cc ph kin ni , no gi...
2. Dng c thit b, vt t do th sinh t chun b:
37
thang g
C. Hng dn chm im

M bi M 01 - 03
Ngy kim tra............................
bi kim tra: Lp dng v tho d gin gio PAL (nh hnh v)
a im kim tra......................
H tn hc sinh .....................................................
H tn gio vin......................................................
Sai s
Phng php im
TT Ni dung nh gi cho
nh gi ti a
php
1 Kch thc chiu di gin 5 cm Dng thc mt o 10
gio ly sai s ln nht
2 Kch thc chiu cao gin 3 cm Dng thc mt o 10
gio ly sai s ln nht
3 Kch thc chiu rng gin 3 cm Dng thc mt o 10
gio ly sai s ln nht
4 V tr tim chn ct 3 cm Dng thc mt o 10
5 ngang bng 3 cm Dng niv ca kim 10
tra
6 thng ng 3 cm Dng dy di kim 15
tra
7 Cc lin kt lp ng cu to nh gi ca gio vin 10
8 chc chn v n nh ca nh gi ca gio vin 15
ton b h thng gin gio
9 - m bo an ton lao ng gio vin quan st, ghi 5
- Mt an ton trong thi cng chp qu trnh 0
Tng im 100
38
Kch
u ct
1000
Khung
tam gic
1000
Thanh
ging
1000
ngang
300
Kch chn 1200
ct
Hnh 4 - 4
39
TI LIU THAM KHO
1. Gio trnh ngh Mc xy dng - V o to - B xy dng 1974
2. Gio trnh k thut Mc xy dng - Nh xut bn Xy dng 1993
3. Hi p v ngh Mc - Nh xut bn i hc v Gio dc chuyn nghip
1989.
4. Gio trnh K thut thi cng cp pha - Trng i hc Xy dng H Ni.
5. Cng ngh dy hc M un lm cp pha Tp th gio vin trng K thut
nghip v Xy dng s 2 B Xy dng thng 2 nm 1997.
6. Gio trnh k thut thi cng- Nh xut bn Xy dng nm 2007
7. Gio trnh k thut n theo phng php m un Nh xut bn xy dng
nm 2000.
8. Gio trnh K thut n Hon thin cng trnh- Trng Cao ng ngh C
in v xy dng Bc Ninh
40
GIO TRNH
M un:GIA CNG, LP DNG

V THO D VN KHUN
M s m un : M-02
Nm 2013
41
GIO TRNH M UN
GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN
M s m un: M - 02
Thi gian m un: 136 Gi ( L thuyt: 19 gi; Thc hnh: 117 gi )
Trong khi thi cng cng trnh b tng gi cho b tng khng b chy
v ch to c kt cu b tng cho cng trnh ng hnh dng, kch thc theo
thit k yu cu cn phi c vn khun ( Cp pha ). Vn khun thng lm
bng g tp hoc vn khun kim loi ( nh hnh) hay vn cng nghip cng c
trng hp tn dng vt liu a phng r tin, ngi ta dng cc loi tre
lung lm vn khun. G c s dng lm vn khun thng t nhm 6;
7;v 8, yu cu cn phi kh khng b un cong nhiu, khuyt tt khc lm nh
hng n cht lng v an ton ca cng trnh.
I.V TR, TNH CHT CA M UN

1. V tr: M un vn khun c b tr sau khi hc sinh hon thnh M un
gin gio.
2. Tnh cht: M un chuyn mn ngh bt buc.
II. MC TIU CA M UN
1. Kin thc
Trnh by c nguyn tc, cu to, yu cu k thut, trnh t cc bc
gia cng sn xut cp pha g, lp dng v tho d vn khun g v vn khun
kim loi nh hnh cho cc cu kin b tng.
2. K nng
Lm c cc cng vic gia cng sn xut, lp dng, bo dng, tho d
c vn khun g v lp dng, tho d vn khun kim loi, gin gio m bo
ng quy trnh k thut;
3. Thi
- Yu ngh, rn luyn tnh cn thn, t m, chnh xc, tit kim vt liu;
- Ch an ton lao ng trong khi thi cng cp pha.
42
NI DUNG CHNH CA M UN
S Thi gian
Tn cc bi trong
TT Tng L Thc Kim
m un
s thuyt hnh tra *
1 Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn 12 2 8 2

khun mng ct

khun mng bng

khun ct tit din vung ch nht
4 Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn 10 2 8

khun ct trn

khun dm lin sn

khun cu thang hai nhp

khun tng
8 Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp 8 1 7 0

nh hnh cho mng

nh hnh cho ct tit din ch nht

nh hnh cho dm

nh hnh cho khun sn
12 Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp 8 1 7

nh hnh cho khun tng
CNG 136 19 103 14
43
BI 1: GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN MNG CT
M bi: M 02- 01
M t vn khun mng ct:
Vn khun mng ct c lp c loi khng git cp v loi c git cp.
Cu to ch c vn thnh xung quanh khng c vn y. c lm bng vt liu
g t nhin thng t nhm 8;7;6 vv. c im hnh dng kiu hp khun lin
kt khp kn, khi b tng ng hnh dng, kch thc theo thit k k
thut, yu cu khi lp dng ng v tr tim, ct ca cng trnh theo thit k.,
tho, lp, lun chuyn thun tin d dng. Vn khun mng ct c lp l cng
vic lp dng vn khun u tin trc khi lp dng vn khun ct, dm sn vv,
trong cng vic b tng ct thp ti ch cho cng trnh.
Mc tiu
- Trnh by c cu to, yu cu k thut v quy trnh gia cng sn
xut ca vn khun mng ct c lp.
- Lm c cc cng vic la chn vt liu, gia cng sn xut, lp dng
v tho d vn khun mng ct ti cng trnh xy dng m bo yu cu k
thut, ng quy trnh.
- Rn luyn tnh cn thn, t m,chnh xc, tit kim vt liu v an ton
lao ng trong qu trnh lp dng v tho d.
Ni dung chnh ca bi
1. Cu to vn khun mng ct
* Nguyn tc chung v cu to
Tm khun g kch thc nh c cu to theo nhng yu cu sau.
- Tm khun ( hnh: 01 ) lm bng vn c chiu dy t 25mm n 30mm
thng c chiu rng ca vn t 100mm n 200mm cc tm vn c lin kt
ghp khp kn bng cc np g v ng inh t pha mt vn tip xc trc tip
vi b tng.
- Khong cch np ngoi cng n mp tm vn khun nm trong gii
hn t 150 mm n 250 mm (khi khong cch nh hn 150 mm th np cn tr
vic lp khun khi ln hn 250 mm th tm khun khng cng ).
- Khi lin kt np vi vn( cnh ln ca np tip gip vi mt vn ) inh
lin kt np v vn mt c chiu di ln hn tng chiu di ca np v vn t
10mm n 15mm, u nhn ca inh c ng un gp theo np ngang. khi
np t ng ( cnh b ca np tip gip vi mt vn) chiu di ca inh phi
ln hn 2,5 n 3 ln chiu dy ca vn. trng lng ca tm vn khun phi
ph hp khi mang vn chuyn lp ghp.
44
- Lin kt inh: Lin kt inh trong tng tm khun hoc trong cc
thnh phn khc ca vn khun cn cu to sao cho trong thi gian b tng
inh lm vic n nh chc chn nht v khi tho vn khun ,c th tho nh
thun tin d dng.
* Gia c vn khun ( chu p lc ngang ca b tng mi )
-
anh ging xin lin kt vi
mc treo c chn sn b tng t trc. Ngoi ra ngi ta cn c
nh thnh vn khun bng thanh ging lin kt vi thp chu lc bn trong ca
cng trnh.
- Kch thc v v tr t np trn tm vn khun nh hnh v theo (Bng
01:v kch thc v v tr np )
1.1. Cu to vn khun mng ct khng dt cp
- Mng ct b tng hay b tng ct thp thng c khi hp hnh vung,
ch nht.
- Mng khng dt cp c cu to vn khun c mt hp mng khng
c phn c mng. Gm cu to 2 tm vn thnh trong v 2 tm vn thnh ngoi
c lin kt khp kn theo kch thc ca cu kin b tng
- Ngoi ra cn c mt s chi tit ph nh vng, np, chng vv
* Bng kch thc chnh ca vn khun cho mng bng v mng ct c lp
Bng 2 - 1: Bng kch thc ca vn khun
Chiu Khong cch (m) Kch thc nh nht ca tit din

cao ca ln nht gia cc (mm)
bc np (1) ca tm
mng ct khun hoc gi ta Np ca tm Gia cng vn khun V tr
hoc (2) khi chiu dy khun khi mng bng (mm) np i
mng vn bng (mm) chiu dy vn vi thnh
bng bng (mm)
(m)
19 25 40 50 19 25 Bng thp Bng
g
0,2 - - 1,7 2,2 - - - -
0,3 0,7 0,9 1,5 1,9 25*60 25*80 L63*40*6 50*60 -Cnh
ln tip
0,4 0,6 0,8 1,4 1,7 25*60 25*80 L63*40*6 50*90 xc vi
thnh
0,5 0,6 0,8 1,3 1,6 40*50 40*50 L63*40*6 50*120
45
0,6 0,5 0,7 1,2 1,5 40*50 40*60 L63*40*6 50*150 -Cnh
nh tip
xc vi
thnh
0,75 0,5 0,7 1,1 1,4 40*70 40*90 L75*50*6 50*200 Cnh
nh
tip xc
vi thnh
20
600
500
600
20
a
150 60 500 60 500 60 150 40 30
1480 70
* Ghi ch: 1. Vn khun 2 - Thanh np 3 - inh cht

Hnh 1-1: Cu to tm vn thnh mng tr c lp khng git cp (H < 750mm)
46
6
3
1
7
2
5
1 - Vn khun thnh mng 2 - Thanh np 3 - Thanh chng cho
4 - Thanh b chng trt 5 - Thanh nm
6 - Thanh vng mt trn 2 thnh mng 7 - Thanh vn k chng ln

Hnh 1-3: Cu to mt ct ngang mng tr c lp khng git cp (H 500mm)
Hnh 1- 4: Cu to mng tr c lp khng git cp
1. 2. Cu to vn khun mng c git cp

- Vn khun mng git cp c cu to hp mng l phn di cng
tng t nh vn khun mng khng git cp.
47
- Phn hp c mng t chng ln trn, mi hp khun (Mi t)c cu
to 2 cp vn khun song song v i din nhau mi cp gm 2 tm trong v 2
tm ngoi.
- Hp khun di c cu to 2 tm bn trong khng t np c u m
ch ng c 2 tm ngoi.
- Hp khun trn c cu to t 2 tm ngoi ko di ra 2 pha t trc
tip ln thnh cp di, lin kt khp kn theo kch thc ca cu kin b tng.
- Ngoi ra cn c mt s chi tit ph nh vng, np, chng V
20
600
500
600
20
a
150 60 500 60 500 60 150 40 30
1480 70
1 - Vn khun; 2 - Thanh np; 3 - inh cht

Hnh 1-5: Cu to tm vn thnh c mng c git cp
48
2 1
3
30
200
140
30
90 60 650 60 90 3030
1 - Vn khun; 2 - Thanh np; 3 - inh cht

Hnh 1- 6: Cu to tm vn thnh mng c git cp
Hnh 1-7: Cu to tr c lp mng c git cp
49
6
3
1
7
2
1 - Vn khun thnh mng; 2 - Thanh np; 3 - Thanh chng cho
4 - Thanh b chng trt; 5 - Thanh nm;
6 - Thanh vng mt trn 2 thnh mng; 7 - Thanh vn k chng nn

Hnh 1- 8 : Cu to tr c lp mng c git cp
50
2. Yu cu k thut
2.1. ng hnh dng, kch thc
Vn khun mng ct c lp khi gia cng xong lp ghp thnh hp mt
bn trong ca vn khun tip gip vi b tng m bo ng hnh dng, kch
thc theo thit k hoc cu kin ca b tng;
2.2. Vn khun m bo kn kht
Vn khun mng ct c lp khi lp ghp, lin kt thnh tng tm, mng
to thnh hp lun lun m bo kn kht khng lm mt nc xi mng;
2.3. n nh chc chn
Vn khun mng ct c lp khi lp dng xong lun lun m bo n
nh chn chn trong khi thi cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu
lc ;
2.4. ng v tr tim ct theo thit k
Vn khun mng ct c lp khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim theo c
2 phng trc dc v trc ngang ca cng trnh, m bo ng ct cao theo
thit k.
2.5. Cu to ca vn khun trong khi lp v tho d
C cu to tht n gin, khoa hc hp l, lp nhanh khng lm nh hng
n cng tc lp t ct thp, khi tho khng lm nh hng n b tng v
lun chuyn c nhiu ln;
3. Chun b cc iu kin an ton lao ng.
3.1. iu kin trang thit b bo h lao ng i vi con ngi
Khi thi cng phi y trang thit b bo h lao ng qun, o, chn
phi i giy bo h, gng tay, m, knh vv.
3.2. Quy nh an ton lao ng khi thi cng
- Khi thi cng phi quan st k trnh dm phi inh, ca ct , ng inh
cn thn khng vo tay hoc bi vo mt.
- Vn khun mng ct khng c vn y m ch c vn thnh do vy sau 2
n 3 ngy c th tho vn khun lun chuyn sang v tr khc. Khi tho vn
khun ch khng gy va chm n phn b tng ang ng kt s lm nh
hng n cht lng b v, nt.
- inh phi c nh khi vn, np, gng hoc ng phng vi mt vn
khng vt, qung vn lm b gy, v vn khun v.v...
- Vn khun v sinh sinh sch s, xp gn gng theo ng chng loi.
- Lp dng cp pha gin gio thng l lm vic trn cao, tai nn thng
xy ra trong khi cng nhn lm vic (trn gin gio, trn cp pha) ng khi ng
trn thang hoc trong khi lp ghp vn khun gin gio trn mi c dc cao
v trong khi tho d cp pha gin gio.
51
- hn ch tai nn, cng nhn phi tun th ni quy an ton lao ng:
+ Trong khi vn chuyn, lp dng, tho d cp pha, phi lp y gio
cng tc.
+ Khi ln xung phi c h thng thang, khng t leo cho ty tin.
+ Lp dng, tho d phi ng trnh t.
+ Khng ung ru bia trong thi gian lm vic.
4. Cng tc gia cng sn xut vn khun mng ct
4.1. Quan st v nghe hng dn xem bn v cu to mng
- Quan st nghe hng dn xem bn v mt bng, mt ng, mt ct v bn
v chi tit ca kt cu b tng ct thp v hnh dng, kch thc chiu di, rng,
kch thc cc cnh ca mng.
- Bit c chng loi, s lng, kch thc, v tr lp dng , cu to mng
tr c lp loi mng khng git cp v mng c git cp).V d trn (Hnh s
09;10)
4.2. Chun b dng c v chn vt liu.
- Cn c vo s liu ca bng thng k.
- Chn phng tin dng c my mc ph hp gia cng thun tin
nh my ca, my bo, ca th cng, ba inh dng c o vch vv.
- Chn g gia cng cc tm vn sao cho ph hp chiu di, chiu
rng hp l trnh ct li lng ph vt liu v nhn cng.
- Chn y cc thanh np, vng, chng, nm , k v cc vt liu inh
theo yu cu vv.;
4.3. Gia cng sn xut vn khun v cc ph kin vv.
*Gia cng sn xut vn khun mng khng git cp.
- Gia cng cc tm vn khun thnh theo tng cp ng hnh dng, kch
thc theo chiu di, chiu rng ca cu kin b tng.
*Gia cng sn xut vn khun mng c git cp.
- Gia cng cc tm vn khun phn thnh mng trong, thnh mng
ngoi theo tng cp v phn c mng ng hnh dng, kch thc theo kch
thc cu kin b tng.
- Gia cng cc thanh np thanh chng, vng, k vv, ph hp kch thc
chiu di, rng ca thnh mng,
- Lin kt dng inh ng t pha mt tip xc ca tm vn vi b tng
vo thanh np pha ngoi. Khong cch thnh np theo ( bng 01) lp ghp theo
tng cp mng v thnh c mng ct chun kch thc chiu di cc cp
thnh trong v ngoi
5. Lp dng v iu chnh vn khun.
5.1. Cng tc lp dng.
52
- Lp vn khun mng phi xc nh v tr tim trc dc, ngang trc
ngang, .
- Lp vn khun thnh ca mng xong phi o, cn chnh ng v tr
tim, ct mi vng, ging, chng n nh chc chn ( i vi mng khng git
cp)
- i vi mng c git cp lp tip phn vn khun c mng tm ngoi
c c nh bng dy thp ging, tm trong c c nh bng np c v thanh
vng, khi cnh ca mng ln phi c np gi thnh v nm chng phnh vn
khun.
5.2. Cng tc kim tra, iu chnh.
- Khng ng hnh dng, kch thc: C th do c bn v thng k kch
thc sai, hoc khi gia cng ca ct tha hoc thiu vv, c bit thiu cng tc
kim tra cho tng cng vic, dn n khi kt thc xong xy ra khng ng k
thut
thi.
- o kim tra sao cho hp mng, c mng ng hnh dng, kch
thc, v tr tim theo c 2 phng trc dc v ngang ca cng trnh v ng ct
cao vng ging chng chc chn c nh
6. Cng tc tho d v v sinh vn khun mng.
6.1. Cng tc tho d vn khun
* Tho d vn khun mng
- c im ca vn khun mng tr c lp khng c vn y m ch c
vn thnh xung quanh..
- Do vy ta c th tho sm khi b tng cha t cng hoc cha
thi gian cho php, khi tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo lt cc thanh
vng, ging, chng vv .
- Tho phn vn thnh c mng trc tho tip phn vn thnh mng
sau, tho n u loi no theo loi y.
6.2. Cng tc v sinh cng nghip.
- V sinh sch khng b tng bm dnh trn vn khun.
- Loi no xp theo th t gn gng, ng chng loi, ng v tr.
- Bo dng, chnh sa nhng tm b gy, v cong vnh vv.
53
Bi luyn tp thc hnh ca hc vin:
Gia cng v lp dng vn khun mng tr c lp c git cp
A. M t s lc sn phm
1. Tn sn phm:
- Gia cng 01tm vn khun thnh mng (Hnh: 09)
- Lp dng 01mng tr c lp c dt cp (Hnh: 10)
2. Nguyn liu: G vn t nhim nhm 6.
3. Kt cu:
Gm cc tm vn lin kt vi thanh np bng inh to thnh mng v
hp khun mng.
4. Gia cng tm vn khun ( Hnh v: 09 )
- Mi ngi gia cng hon chnh 01 tm ng yu cu k thut.
- Thi gian: 01 gi mt tm cho mt lt (mi ngi luyn tp 01 ln).
5. Lp dng mng (Hnh v: 10)
- S ngi tham gia: 2 ngi lp dng hon chnh mt mng ng yu cu
k thut.
- Thi gian: 2 gi mt lt (mi nhm luyn tp 3 ln)
B. Nguyn liu phc v luyn tp
Kch thc S
STT Tn chi tit Ghi ch
phi ( mm) lng
I Nguyn liu g
1 Tm lm vn thnh 1550 * 170 * 30 02 d gia cng
2 Thanh lm np 650 * 60 * 20 04
3 Tm lm vn thnh mng 950 * 200 * 30 04
4 Tm lm vn thnh c mng 350 * 450 * 30 04
5 Thanh chng, nm ... 08 Mi loi 8
6 Tm vn k 800 * 200 * 30 04
7 Thanh lm np
II Nguyn liu ph inh 5 cm 0,3 Kg
54
C. Trang thit b
1. Dng c th cng cung cp tng cng vic
- Mi c nhn t trang b mt b dng c ngh mc ph hp cho cng
vic gia cng bao gm.
- Ca cc loi , ba ng cc loi vam kp g.
- Thc mt, vung, c v compa
- Mi nhm 2 ngi 1 v tr lm vic.
- Mi v tr luyn tp c 1 m hnh ct thp mng .
2. Phn chun b my ca ni thc tp v kim tra do xng trng cung
cp tng cng vic
- Ca x dc, ct ngang...
- My bo cc loi.
- My a tc dng..
- Cc hc sinh u c ng k s dng dy chuyn my mc
- Cng cp in ca cc loi my chuyn dng.
3. Nguyn liu
- Mi nhm c cung cp y nguyn vt liu theo kim tra :
- Mi v tr luyn tp c 1 m hnh ct thp c sn lp vn khun.
+ G nhm t nhin nhm 8;7 hoc 6 g vn theo quy nh
+ Cng cp in 220 V ( 1 pha )
+ 01 tm g dn kch thc1,0m*1,2m dng xp dng c khi gia cng.
D. Hng dn chm im
1. Hng dn chm im cho gia cng tm vn khun
Phn chia cc loi im ca tng phn khi chm
STT Cc phn chm im Loi im im
1 Kch thc chnh chiu di vn thnh Khch quan 15
2 Kch thc chiu rng thnh Khch quan 15
3 kn kht cc cnh lin kt Khch quan 10
4 vung Khch quan 10
55
5 phng Khch quan 10
6 n nh chc chn Ch quan 10
7 Tit kim nguyn vt liu Khch quan 10
8 An ton lao ng Khch quan 10
9 ng cu to Ch quan 10
Cng 100
2. Hng dn chm im cho lp dng vn khun mng

Phn chia cc loi im v h s ca tng phn khi chm im
1 Kch thc chnh phn mng Khch quan 15
2 Kch thc chnh phn c mng Khch quan 15
3 kn kht cc cnh lin kt Khch quan 10
4 vung Khch quan 10
5 phng Khch quan 10
6 n nh chc chn Ch quan 10
8 An ton lao ng Khch quan 10
Cng 100
E. Thang chm im
56
M s bi: M 02 - 01
Ngy luyn tp:..........
Bi luyn tp s: 01- Gia cng tm vn khun thnh mng
i im luyn tp: Ti xng thc hnh ngh vn khun
H tn hc sinh:................................................
Lp:.............................
H tn gio vin nh gi :...................................................................
Sai s Phng php nh im
TT Ni dung nh gi
cho php gi ti a
1 ng hnh dng kch thc 40
Kch thc chnh chiu di 6 mm Dng thc mt o 15

vn thnh dm
Kch thc chiu rng thnh 6 mm Dng thc mt o 15
dm
kn kht cc cnh lin kt 3 mm o ly sai s ln nht 10
2 im k thut 30
vung 3 mm Dng thc mt o 2 10
(Ly ch sai ln nht tnh) ng cho hoc
thc vung o gc
vung
phng 5 mm Dng thc tm kim 10
Ly ch sai ln nht tnh tra b mt tm vn
khun
n nh chc chn Gio vin theo di 10
quan st sn phm
nh gi
3 S dng vt liu: Gio vin theo di
- khng thay chi tit no ghi bin bn qu trnh 10
-Thay 1 chi tit (2 chi tit 0) thi 4
4 ng cu to: ng hnh Gio vin theo di 10
dng ca sn phm (Tng quan st sn phm
gio vin nhn xt cho im) nh gi
5 m bo an ton lao ng, v m bo an ton, 10
sinh mi trng Sch s, gn gng
Tng im 100
57
M s bi M: 02 - 01
Ngy luyn tp:..........................
Bi luyn tp s: 02 - Lp dng vn khun mng
i im luyn tp: Ti xng thc hnh ngh vn khun
H tn hc sinh:.....................................................
Lp:........................
H tn gio vin nh gi.....................................................................
Sai s
T im
Ni dung nh gi cho Phng php nh gi
T ti a
php
1 ng hnh dng kch thc 40
Kch thc chnh phn mng 10

Dng thc mt o 15
di, rng mm
Kch thc chnh phn c mng 8
Dng thc mt o 15
di, rng mm
kn kht cc cnh lin kt 3
o ly sai s ln nht 10
to thnh mng mm
2 im k thut 35
vung (Ly ch sai ln nht 3 Dng thc mt o 2
10
tnh) mm ng cho
phng 5 Dng thc tm kim tra
10
Ly ch sai ln nht tnh mm b mt tm vn khun
n nh chc chn Gio vin kim tra cy
- ng v tr tim ct chng, nm vv. Dng qu 15
di, thc mt nh gi
3 S dng vt liu:
Gio vin theo di ghi
- Khng thay chi tit no 5
bin bn qu trnh thi
- Thay1chi tit(2 chi tit 0) 4
4 ng cu to: ng hnh dng
Gio vin theo di quan
ca sn phm (Tng gio 10
st sn phm nh gi
vinnhn xt cho im)
5 m bo an ton lao ng, v m bo an ton, sch s,
10
sinh mi trng gn gng
Tng im 100
58
a
20
600
500
600
20
a
150 60 500 60 500 60 150 40 30
1480 70
Hnh 1-9: Cu to tm vn khun thnh c mng c git cp
59
Hnh 1-10: Cu to tr c lp mng c git cp
60
Bi 2: GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN MNG BNG
M bi: M: 02- 02
M t Vn khun mng bng:
- Vn khun mng bng loi khng git cp v c loi git cp chy theo
dc trc dc v trc ngang ca cng trnh.
- c im c cu to ch c vn thnh.
- c lm bng vt liu g t nhin thng t nhm 8;7;6 vv.
- Gm cc cng vic t sn xut n lp dng, c c im hnh dng kiu
khun mu, kch thc theo thit k k thut, khi lp dng ng v tr v tr tim,
ct ca cng trnh theo thit k., tho, lp, lun chuyn thun tin d dng.
- L cng vic lp dng vn khun u tin trc khi lp dng vn khun
ct, dm sn vv trong cng vic b tng ti ch cho cng trnh.
- c im ca cng tc vn khun mng bng thng lm ngoi tri.
Mc tiu
- Trnh by c cu to v cc yu cu k thut ca vn khun mng
bng
- Lm c cc cng vic la chn vt liu, gia cng, lp dng v tho d
vn khun mng bng ti cng trnh xy dng.
Ni dung chnh ca bi
1. Cu to vn khun mng bng
1.1. Cu to vn khun mng bng khng git cp
- Mng bng b tng hay b tng ct thp c v tr chy theo trc dc hoc
trc ngang ca cng trnh.
- Mng bng khng git cp c cu to mt t mng ch c vn thnh
mng khng c vn thnh c mng m chng chy theo chiu di mng
gm cu to 2 tm vn thnh ngoi lin kt khp kn theo kch thc ca cu
kin b tng.
- Ngoi ra cn c mt s chi tit ph nh vng, np, chng vv.
61
6
3
1
7
2
5
1- Vn thnh; 2 - Thanh np; 3 - Thanh chng cho; 4 - Thanh b

5 - Thanh nm; 6 - Thanh vng ning; 7 - Tm vn k
Hnh 2-1: Cu to mng bng khng git cp H< 200
1.2. Cu to vn khun mng bng git cp
- Vn khun mng bng git cp c cu to phn mng l phn di
cng tng t nh vn khun mng bng khng git cp thm phn vn thnh
c mng t chng ln trn.
- Hp khun trn c cu to 2 tm ngoi ko di ra 2 pha chy song
song vi vn thnh mng, lin kt theo kch thc ca cu kin b tng.
ngoi ra cn c mt s chi tit ph nh vng, np,chng vv.
62
300 350 300
a a
3200
300 350 300
Hnh 2-2: Cu to mt bng mng bng c git cp
3
1
7 2
1- Vn thnh; 2 - Thanh np; 3 - Thanh chng cho; 4 - Thanh b

5 - Thanh nm; 6 - Thanh vng ning; 7 - Tm vn k; 8 - Cc nh v
Hnh 2-3: Cu to vn khun mng bng c git cp
63
2. Yu cu k thut vn khun mng bng:
2.1. ng hnh dng, kch thc
Vn khun mng bng c git cp khi gia cng xong m bo ng hnh
dng, kch thc bn trong theo thit k hoc cu kin ca b tng;
2.2. kn kht ca vn khun
Vn khun mng bng khi lp ghp, lin kt thnh tng tm, mng to
thnh hp khng lm mt nc xi mng;
2.3. n nh chc chn
Vn khun mng bng khi lp dng xong lun lun m bo n nh
chn chn trong khi thi cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu lc
hoc thi gian cho php
2.4. chnh xc v tr tim, ct theo thit k
Vn khun mng bng ct khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim theo c
thit k;
2.5. Cu to khoa hc hp l, tho, lp d dng.
C cu to tht n gin, khoa hc hp l, lp nhanh khng lm nh
hng n cng tc lp t ct thp, khi tho khng lm nh hng n b tng
v lun chuyn c nhiu ln.
3. Chun b An ton lao ng khi lm vic.

- Vn khun mng ct khng c vn y m ch c vn thnh do vy sau 2
n 3 ngy c th tho vn khun lun chuyn sang v tr khc. Khi tho vn
khun ch khng gy va chm n phn b tng ang ng kt s lm nh
hng n cht lng b v, nt.
khng vt, qung vn lm b gy, v vn khun v.v...
- Vn khun v sinh sinh sch s, xp gn gng theo ng chng loi.
64
4. Cng tc gia cng sn xut vn khun mng bng
4.1. Quan st v nghe hng dn xem bn v cu to mng bng
Quan st v nghe hng dn bn v ca kt cu b tng ct thp bit
c hnh dng, kch thc chiu cao, di, kch thc v v tr lp dng v lp
c bng thng k, chng loi, s lng, kch thc;
4.2. Chun b vt liu, my, dng c th cng .
Cn c vo s liu ca bng thng k chn cc tm vn sao cho ph hp
chiu di, chiu rng hp l trnh ct li lng ph vt liu v nhn cng, chn
y cc thanh np, vng, chng, nm , k v cc vt liu inh theo yu cu
vv;
4.3. Gia cng vn khun, ph kin, v chng .
- Trc tin chn g gia cng cc thanh np, chng, vng, vn k v
tm vn khun ph hp kch thc bng chiu rng, di ca thnh mng theo
thit k tng v tr, on hoc khong thun tin mang vc vn chuyn v lp
dng thun li.
- Lin kt, gp khp kn vi nhau thnh tng tm, tng mng bng inh
lin kt t pha tm vn mt tip xc vi b tng vo thanh np pha ngoi.
Khong cch thnh np theo ( bng 01)
- Lp ghp theo tng cp mng v thnh c mng ct chun kch
thc chiu di, rng cc cp thnh hai bn.
5. Cng tc lp dng kim tra v iu chnh .

5.1. Cng tc lp dng
- Xc nh v tr tim trc dc, tim trc ngang, ct cao ca cng trnh.
- Khi lp vn khun lp phn mng theo ln lt, chng, vng, ging
tm.
- Lp n phn c mng, tm trong c c nh bng np c v thanh
vng, khi cnh ca mng ln phi c np gi thnh v nm chng phnh vn
khun.
5.2. Kim tra v iu chnh
- o kim tra phn mng, c mng ng hnh dng, kch thc v tr
tim theo c 2 phng trc dc v ngang ca cng trnh v ng ct cao vng
ging chng chc chn, n nh.

6.1. Cng tc tho d vn khun.
- c im ca vn khun mng bng ch c vn thnh chy di
dc theo trc dc, ngang ca cng trnh.
65
- Do vy ta c th tho sm khi b tng cha thi gian cho php, khi
tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo lt cc thanh vng, ging, chng vv .
- V sinh sch s phng tin dng c my mc.
- xp gn gng vo kho bi theo chng loi
Tn bi luyn tp: Lp dng cp pha g cho mng bng

A. M t bi
1. Tn sn phm: Lp dng cp pha g cho mng bng
( Hnh v: 14 v 15 )
2. S ngi tham gia theo nhm 4 ngi lp dng hon chnh mt mng ng
yu cu k thut.
3. Thi gian: 2 gi mt lt (mi nhm luyn tp 3 ln)
B. Nguyn liu phc v luyn tp
1. Nguyn liu:
- Cc tm vn khun mng gia cng.
- Gng, thanh vng bng g gia cng y .
- Cy chng vn thnh mng.
2. Kt cu:
Lp cc tm vn cp pha lin kt thnh hp mng ng hnh dng, kch
thc, ng cu to thit k m bo yu cu k thut. Hp vn khun mng
lp dng lin kt bng inh, gng, vng v chng gi n nh chc chn ng v
tr tim ct ca cng trnh
C. Dng c thit b cho mi hc sinh
1. Danh mc dng c thit b cn thit hc sinh thc hin luyn tp.
TT Tn thit b, dng c c S lng Ghi ch
tnh
1
2 Thc mt, vung, bt ch, Dy Mi loi 01 b
di v ni v
3 Bn v thi cng 01 b
4 H thng gin gio thi cng 01 b H mng >
2000mm
66
5 Hin trng v tr mng thi Theo thit k
cng
6 dng bo h lao ng B
2. Danh mc dng c thit b, vt t xng cung cp

S
TT Tn thit b, dng c, vt t K hiu n v Ghi ch
lng
1 Vn khun mng trc ngang Tm 04 d thi cng
gia cng
( 3400 x 330 x 30 )
2 Vn khun mng trc dc Tm 04 d thi cng
gia cng
(4500 x 280 x 30)
3 Gng bng g gia cng theo Ci 20
kch thc thit k
4 Chng, thanh vng cc loi B 04
5 Vn k, nm vv B 04
6 inh 5cm Kg 0,3
7 Gin gio ph hp vi cng B Nu trng
vic hp mng qu
su
D. Thang chm im
M bi: M 02 - 02
Bi luyn tp s: 03
a im luyn tp: Xng trng
H tn hc sinh ..........................................................................
Lp :.............................................
H tn gio vin...........................................
Sai s
im
TT Ni dung nh gi cho Phng php nh gi
ti a
php
1 ng hnh dng thit nh gi ca gio 15
k vin
67
2 ng kch thc tit 5 mm Dng thc mt o 10
din mng 330 x 220
3 Tim mng ng v tr 5 mm Dng dy di kim tra 10
vi tim cng trnh
4 Khong cch gia cc 5 mm Dng thc mt o 10
gng u nhau
5 Cc gc ca vn khun 3 mm Kim tra ly sai s ln 15
kht nht
6 vung 4 gc 3 mm Dng thc vung 15
kim tra
7 n nh v chc nh gi ca gio 15
chn vin
8 m bo an ton lao nh gi ca gio 5
ng vin
Mt an ton (0 im)
9 V sinh cng nghip nh gi ca gio 5
vin
Tng im 100
300
350
300
3200
a a
300
350
300
Hnh 14: Cu to mt bng mng bng c gt cp
68
Hnh 15: Cu to vn khun mng bng c git cp
69
BI 3: GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN CT
TIT DIN VUNG- CH NHT
M bi: M: 02 - 03
M t vn khun ct tit din vung- ch nht
- Vn khun ct c tit din hnh vung hoc ch nht. Cu to ch c vn
thnh xung quanh khng c vn y gm 2 cnh trong v 2 cnh ngoi song
song v bng nhau.
- Lp dng theo phng thng ng, sau phn b tng mng hon thnh.
- c lm bng vt liu g t nhin thng t nhm 8;7;6 vv.
- c im hnh dng kiu khun mu khi b tng ng hnh dng,
kch thc theo thit k k thut, yu cu khi lp dng ng v tr tim,ct ca
cng trnh theo thit k., tho, lp, lun chuyn thun tin d dng.
Mc tiu
- Trnh by c cu to, yu cu k thut, quy trnh gia cng sn xut v
lp dng vn khun ct tit din vung - ch nht.
Lm c cc cng vic:
- La chn vt liu, gia cng sn xut, lp dng v tho d vn khun ct
tit din vung - ch nht ti cng trnh xy dng.
- Rn luyn tnh cn thn, t m,chnh xc, tit kim vt liu v an ton lao
ng trong qu trnh lp dng v tho d.
- Rn luyn tnh cn thn, t m,chnh xc, tit kim vt liu v an ton lao
ng trong qu trnh lp dng v tho d.
* Nguyn tc chung v cu to
Tm khun g kch thc nh c cu to theo nhng yu cu sau :
- Tm khun ct lm bng vn c chiu dy khng b hn 19mm ( Thng
thng c chiu dy t 25mm n 40mm ) thng chiu rng ca vn t
100mm n 300mm cc tm vn c lin kt ghp khp kn bng cc np g
v ng inh t pha mt vn tip xc trc tip vi b tng ng ra.
- Khong cch np ngoi cng n mp tm vn khun nm trong gii hn
t 150 mm n 250 mm (khi khong cch nh hn 150 mm th np cn tr vic
lp khun khi ln hn 250 mm th tm khun khng cng ).
- Khi lin kt cnh vi vn (cnh ln ca np tip gip vi vn mt) inh
lin kt np v vn mt c chiu di ln hn tng chiu di ca np v vn t
10mm n 15mm, u nhn ca inh c ng un gp theo np ngang.
- Khi np t ng (cnh nh ca np tip gip vi mt vn) chiu di ca
inh phi ln hn 2,5 n 3 ln chiu dy ca vn. trng lng ca tm vn
khun phi ph hp khi mang vn chuyn lp ghp.
70
- Lin kt inh trong tng tm khun hoc trong cc thnh phn khc ca
vn khun cn cu to sao cho trong thi gian b tng inh lm vic trng
thi n nh chc chn. Khi tho vn khun c th tho nh thun tin d dng.
- S lng v kch thc ca inh khi chu ti trng tnh ton cng nh l
cch b tr inh phi ph hp vi tnh ton v quy nh v cu to.
- Khi khng chu ti trng tnh ton, m ch lin kt cc thnh phn
ca vn khun , inh s c b tr vi s lng t nht v chiu di nh nht.
- Kch thc v s lng inh cc b phn ca vn khu cn c ch
dn bn v.
* Gia c vn khun ( chu p lc ngang ca b tng mi )
- Gia c bn trong c nh hai thnh vn khun i din bng dfy thp,
hoc bu lng, hoc c nh thnh vn khun bng thanh ging xin lin kt vi
mc treo c chn sn b tng t trc. Ngoi ra ngi ta cn c
nh thnh vn khun bng thanh ging lin kt vi thp chu lc bn trong ca
cng trnh.
- Kch thc v v tr t np trn tm vn khun nh hnh v theo (Bng
02: v kch thc v v tr np ).
1. Cu to vn khun, gng, chng ct tit din ch nht
1.1 Cu to mng trong v ngoi ca ct.
Vn khun cho ct c tit din hnh ch nht c hai tm trong v hai tm
ngoi lin kt gia chng bng inh to thnh hp ct c 4 gc vung, hnh
dng, kch thc theo thit k, mi tm trong hoc ngoi gm c mt hay nhiu
mnh vn gp khp kn lin kt vi cc thanh np m bo n nh chc chn
ng cu to.
71
2 2
1
1
3 3
3600
3600
200 360
Hnh s 16: Cu to mng trong v ngoi ca ct

1 - Vn thnh; 2 Thanh np; 3 inh lin kt
72
Hnh s 17: Cu to hp ct tit din ch nht
1.2. Cu to h thng gng, neo v cy chng.

- Khi lp dng vn khun ct ngoi phn vn khun d to thnh hp
khun mu to hnh dng kch thc cho b tng.
73
- H thng khung nh v chn ct cho ng v tr, gng c th lm bng
g hoc kim loi tc dng chng p lc y ngang ca b tng mi y
vo vn khun,khong cch gng xem bng ( 3.2) Cy chng c th bng g,
lung hoc bng h thng dy leo c tng gip cho ct n nh theo phng
thng ng ng v tr tim trc cng trnh.
Hnh s 18: Cu to h thng gng, neo v cy chng

2. Yu cu k thut vn khun ct tit din vung - ch nht
2.1.Vn khun ct khi gia cng sn xut, lp dng xong phi m bo ng
hnh dng kch thc theo thit k hoc cu kin ca b tng;
2.2.Vn khun m bo kn kht khi lp ghp, lin kt thnh tng tm, mng
to thnh hp ct khng c v tr khe h lm mt nc xi mng;
74
2.3. Vn khun ct khi lp dng xong lun lun m bo n nh, chn trong
khi thi cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu lc hoc thi gian
cho php;
2.4. Vn khun ct khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr, tim u ct trng tim
chn ct v tim ca cng trnh theo c 2 phng trc dc v trc ngang ca
cng trnh, m bo ng ct cao theo thit k;
2.5.Cu to tht n gin, khoa hc hp l, lp nhanh, tho nhanh khng lm
nh hng n cng tclp t ct thp v lun chuyn c nhiu ln.

3.1. iu kin trang thit b bo h lao ng i vi con ngi .
- Khi thi cng phi y trang thit b bo h lao ng qun, o, chn
3.2. Quy nh an ton lao ng khi thi cng.
- Vn khun ct khng c vn y m ch c vn thnh do vy sau 2 n
3 ngy c th tho vn khun lun chuyn sang v tr khc.
- Khi lp,tho vn khun ct ch tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo
lt cc thanh vng, ging, chng khng lm nh hng n cht lng b tng
lm b v, nt.
khng vt, qung vn lm b gy, v vn khun vv.
4. Trnh t gia cng sn xut vn khun ct tit din ch nht

4.1 Quan st v nghe hng dn bn v kt cu b tng ct thp
Bit c hnh dng, kch thc chiu cao, di, v tr lp dng chng loi,
s lng, kch thc nguyn vt liu vv.
4.2. Chn vt liu
chiu di, chiu rng hp l trnh ct ni lng ph vt liu v nhn cng,
chn y cc thanh np, vng, gng, chng, leo gi, v cc vt liu inh theo
yu cu vv.
4.3. Gia cng sn xut vn khun ct
4.3.1. Gia cng tm khun trong, ngoi
Pha trn ca u ct gng c khong cch u ct bng chiu cao ca
ca dn v sinh cc np khc cch mp trn bng 2 ln khong cch ca gng
75
ct, np di cng cch y ct bng chiu cao ca ca dn v sinh ph thuc
ct c tit din to nh khc nhau.
- Ca b tng thng t gia ct, c din tch bng ca dn v sinh
v c mp di np ngang.
- Ca ghp dm gm np vn y dm v 2 np d thnh dm. Np
vn y dm cng l np ca tm khun, c t cch y ca ca ghp dm
bng b dy vn y dm hoc np thnh dm dt cch cnh ca ca ghp
dm bng b dy vn thnh dm.
- Tm trong dc ghp thnh mng kn, v tr cc np ngang bng v tr
np tng ng kch thc tm ngoi .
4.3.2. Gia cng gng, chng, np
- Sn xut gng: Kch thc gng, khong cch gng c xc nh theo
bng di y
Bng 02: Kch thc chnh ca gng, vn khun ct
Tit Gng ct bng g c nm

Gng ct bng thp inh ng trn vn c
din ct iu chnh
(mm)
Khong Tit Chiu Khong Tit Chiu ng Chiu S
cch ln din b di cch ln din b di knh di lng
nht gia nht gng nht nht vn (mm) (mm)
inh
cc gng ca (mm) gia cc ca c
(m) gng gng gng (mm)
(mm) (mm) (mm)
0,30,3 0,5 45 5 575 0,6 25100 160 4 90 4
0,40,4 0,5 45 5 675 0,6 40 100 200 4 90 4
0,50,5 0,45 45 5 700 0,6 40 100 200 4 90 4
0,60,6 0,6 75 75 900 0,6 40 120 200 4 90 4
0,70,7 0,6 75 75 1000 0,6 40 150 210 4 90 5
0,80,8 0,4 75 75 1100 0,6 50 160 260 4 125 5
0,90,9 0,4 75 75 1200 0,6 50 200 260 4 125 5
11 0,4 75 75 1300 0,6 50 200 260 4 125 5
76
5. Cng tc lp dng vn khun ct v iu chnh
5.1.Cng tc lp dng vn khun ct
- Trc tin chng ta phi xc nh v tr tim trc dc, trc ngang, ct cao
ca cng trnh, ct thp m bo ng v tr k thut.
- Lp dng h thng gin gio thi cng.
- Khi lp vn khun bng phng php th cng chng ta phi ghp hp
ct c 3 mt trc, gm mt 2 tm trong v 1 tm ngoi, vng ging chng tm
cho khi , lp tip tm cnh cn li lin kt bng inh v lp cc gng, chng
tm.
- Nu vn chuyn v lp dng bng c gii th chng ta lp hp khun c
4 mt v tin hnh gng cng hp li, khi lp th cu nng bng hp khun qua
ct thp ct th xung ng v tr phng php ny t s dng.
5.2. Kim tra chnh sa.
m bo ng hnh dng, kch thc, dng qu di kim tra phng
thng ng ca ct sao cho tim u ct trng tim chn ct trng tim cng trnh
theo c 2 phng trc dc v trc ngang ca cng trnh.
- Tin hnh vng ging, chng hoc leo gi n nh chc c nh.
- Nu ct cao t 4 m tr xung chng 2 t
- Nu ct cao 4m n 5,5m chng 3 t
- Gc nghing nh nht l 45, gc nghing ln nht l 75
6. Tho d v v sinh vn khun ct.
6.1. Cng tc tho d.
c im ca vn khun ct ch c vn thnh 4 mt.
- Do vy ta c th tho sm khi b tng cha thi gian cho php khi
tho theo ng trnh t, theo ln theo lt cc thanh vng, ging, chng thanh
gng pha trn cao ln lt xung di, tho tip 1 mt ca hp ct lp sau v
tho 3 mt cn li, tho n u loi no theo loi y v sinh sch b tng
bm dnh mt ca vn khun .
* Ch : Khi tho trnh va chm mnh lm nh hng n phn b tng ct
thp b v nt.
6.2. Cng tc v sinh cng nghip
77
Bi luyn tp v kim tra
Tn bi: LP DNG CP PHA G CHO CT
A. M t s lc sn phm
1. Tn sn phm: Lp dng v tho d vn khun ct (Hnh: 19)
2. Nguyn liu: Gm cc tm vn g vn t nhim nhm 6 gia cng thnh
tng tm trong, tm ngoi ng yu cu k thut.
- Gng ct bng g gia cng
- Tng , giy neo
3. Kt cu: Hp vn khun c dng v kho bng cc gng, tng v dy
neo gi cho vn khun ct v tr thit k (c bn v km theo )
- S ngi thc hin ( nhm 3 ngi ) lp dng, tho d hon chnh mt
hp ct ng yu cu k thut.
4.Thi gian lm bi luyn tp:
Theo nh mc tng dn (mi nhm luyn tp 3 ln)
5. Bi lm kim tra:
Lp dng hon thnh thi gian 1 gi/ 1 sn phm
B. Phn cng luyn tp
- Luyn tp theo nhm mi nhm 3 ngi.
- Thi gian luyn tp 12 gi v 2 gi chun b
- S ln luyn tp 3 ln ( 3 gi/ ln ).
+ Luyn tp ln 1 = 20 30 % nh mc
+ Luyn tp ln 2 = 30 50 % nh mc.
+ Luyn tp ln 3 = 50 90 %
- Khi lng: 3,3 m2 cho mt ct
Theo nh mc (AF 511 100m2 = 29,7)
+ Vy s m2 ca ct = 3,3m2 = 0,98 cng/ct.
- a im luyn tp v kim tra: Ti xng hc thc tp ngh cp pha
C. Dng c, thit b cho mi hc sinh thc hin bi kim tra
1. Danh mc dng c thit b cn thit th sinh t chun b thc hin bi thi
TT Tn thit b, dng c c tnh S lng Ghi ch

1 Dng c gm ; ba, thc mt, 01 b
thc vung, bt ch, Dy di
v ni v
2 dng bo h lao ng 01B Cho 1 ngi
78
2. Danh mc dng c thit b, vt t do xng cung cp
K n S
TT Tn thit b, dng c, vt t Ghi ch
hiu v lng
Vn khun ct gia
1 Tm 02 d gia cng
cng 3600 x 330 x 30
Vn khun ct gia
2 Thanh 02 d gia cng
cng 3600 x 280 x 30
Gng ct bng g gia
3 Ci 10 ng yu cu k thut
cng theo kch thc thit k
4 Dy neo tng B 01 ng yu cu k thut
Dng c iu chnh tng
5 B 01 ng yu cu k thut
v dy neo
6 inh 5cm Kg 0,5
Gin gio ph hp vi
7 B ng yu cu k thut
cng vic
V tr m hnh ct thp ct Theo s ngi, nhm
8
lp dng vn khun luyn tp.
79
M s bi M 02 - 03
Ngy luyn tp v kim tra:..........
Tn bi luyn tp v kim tra: Lp dngv tho d vn khun ct
Thi gian kim tra: 3 gi
H tn th sinh .......................................................................
H tn gio vin nh gi........................................................
Sai s Phng php im ti

TT Ni dung nh gi
cho php nh gi a
1 ng hnh dng, kch 55
thc
ng hnh dng thit k nh gi ca tng 15
gio vin
ng kch thc tit 3 mm Dng thc mt 15
din ct 330 x 220 o
Tim ct thng ng v 5 mm Dng dy di 15
trng vi tim cng trnh kim tra
Khong cch gia cc 5 mm Dng thc mt 10
gng u nhau o
2 im k thut v an 35
ton
Cc gc ca vn khun 3 mm Kim tra ly sai 10
kht s ln nht
vung 4 gc 3 mm Dng thc 10
vung kim tra
n nh v chc chn nh gi ca gio 15
vin
3 m bo an ton lao 5
ng
4 V sinh cng nghip 5
Tng im 100
80
LUYN TP V KIM TRA
LP DNG CP PHA G CHO CT TIT DIN CH NHT
ai 40 80 30 330 30 80 150
150
l cht gng
40
80
80
30
30
220
220
30
30
80
80
40
150
khun
150 80 30 330 30 80 40
ct ngang ct
3600
3600
l hng
dn v sinh
45
45
70

70

mt ng ct
Hnh s 19 cu to vn khun ct
81
BI 4: GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN CT
TIT DIN TRN
M bi: M 02 - 04
M t vn khun ct trn
- Vn khun ct c tit din hnh trn do cc tm g kch thc nh ghp
lin kt vo khung sn c hnh cong theo thit k to thnh tm vn khun
na ng trn.
- Lp dng theo phng thng ng.
- Cu to ch c vn thnh xung quanh .- c lm bng vt liu g t
nhin thng t nhm 8;7;6 vv.
kch thc theo thit k k thut, yu cu khi lp dng ng v tr tim ctca
cng trnh theo thit k., tho, lp, lun chuyn thun tin d dng.
Mc tiu
- M t c cu to, yu cu k thut, quy trnh gia cng sn xut v lp
dng vn khun ct tit din trn.
- Lm c cc cng vic; La chn vt liu, gia cng sn xut, lp dng
v tho d vn khun ct tit din trn ti cng trnh xy dng.
Tm khun g kch thc b c cu to theo nhng yu cu sau:
- Tm khun lm bng vn c chiu dy khng b hn 19mm ( Thng
thng t 25mm n 30mm) thng c chiu rng ca vn t 50mm n
250mm tu thuc vo ng cong ln hay nh cc tm vn c lin kt ghp
khp kn vi cc khung s-n c R chnh xc theo thit k, khi lin kt ng inh
t pha mt vn tip xc trc tip vi b tng.
- Khong cch np ngoi cng n mp tm vn khun nm trong gii
hn t 150 mm n 250 mm (khi khong cch nh hn 150 mm th np cn tr
vic lp khun khi ln hn 250 mm th tm khun khng cng ).
- Khi lin kt khung sn ( Cnh tit din ca khung sn np tip gip
vi mt vn) inh lin kt np v vn mt c chiu di ln hn tng chiu di
ca np v vn t 10mm n 15mm, u nhn ca inh c ng un gp theo
np ngang. khi np t nm ngang (cnh b ca np tip gip vi mt vn) chiu
di ca inh phi ln hn 2,5 n 3 ln chiu dy ca vn. trng lng ca tm
vn khun phi ph hp khi mang vn chuyn lp ghp.
82
- Lin kt inh
+Lin kt inh trong tng tm khun hoc trong cc thnh phn khc
ca vn khun cn cu to sao cho trong thi gian b tng inh lm vic n
nh chc cvhn khi tho vn khun , c th tho nh thun tin d dng.
* Gia c vn khun ( chu p lc ngang ca b tng mi ) h thng chng
phi lun lun n nh bng cy chng, bu lng, hoc c nh thnh vn
khun bng thanh ging xin lin kt vi mc treo c chn sn b tng
t trc. Ngoi ra ngi ta cn c nh thnh vn khun bng thanh
ging lin kt vi thp chu lc bn trong ca cng trnh.
Ni dung chnh ca bi
1. Cu to ct tit din trn
1.1 Cu to vn khun ca ct.
Vn khun cho ct c tit din hnh trn ( Hnh 20 ) i vi ct trn vn
khun lm bng cc tm g c kch thc chiu ngang nh ghp kn hp thnh
hai lng mng, mi lng mng l mt na vng trn ct kch thc bn trong
lng mng bng kch thc chu vi b tng ct, lin kt gia cc tm vn vo
khung np bng inh to thnh hp ct trn hnh dng, kch thc theo thit k,
mi tm lng mng gm c cc tm nh ghp khp kn lin kt vi cc thanh
np m bo n nh chc chn ng cu to,
83
1
1- Khung sn; 2- Tm vn khun; 3- inh lin kt

4- Thanh np lin kt 2 na ng trn vn khun
Hnh v s 20: Cu to vn khun
84
1.2. Cu to khung sn, gng, neo v cy chng.
Cu to khung sn ct trn gm tm khun mu hnh lng mng cng
ng cong hnh bn nguyt kch thc bn knh bng R ca thit k, khung
lm bng g tc dng lin kt vi phn vn chng p lc y ngang ca b
tng mi y vo vn khun khng b ph hu, cy chng c th bng g,
lung hoc bng h thng dy leo c tng gip cho ct n nh chc chn
theo phng thng ng ng v tr tim trc cng trnh.
1- Khung sn; 2- Tm vn khun; 3- inh lin kt

4- Thanh np lin kt 2 na ng trn vn khun
Hnh v s 21: Cu to khung sn, gng, neo v cy chng
85
2. Yu cu k thut vn khun ct tit din trn
2.1. Vn khun ct trn khi gia cng sn xut xong phi m bo ng hnh
dng kch thc theo thit k hoc cu kin ca b tng;
2.2. kn kht ca vn khun. Khi lp ghp, lin kt thnh tng tm, mng to
thnh hp ct trn m bo kn kht khng c v tr khe h lm mt nc xi
mng;
2.3. Vn khun ct trn khi lp dng xong lun lun m bo n nh, chc
chn trong khi thi cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu lc;
2.4. Vn khun ct khi lp dng xong phi m bo thng ng ng v
trtim, m bo ng ct cao theo thit k;
2.5. C cu to tht n gin, khoa hc hp l, lp nhanh khng lm nh hng
n cng tc lp t ct thp, tho nhanh khng lm nh hng n b tng v
- Vn khun ct trn khng c vn y m ch c vn thnh do vy sau 2
n 3 ngy c th tho vn khun lun chuyn sang v tr khc.
- Khi tho vn khun ct trn ch tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo
lt cc thanh vng, ging, chng khng lm nh hng n cht lng b tng
b v, nt.
4. Trnh t gia cng vn khun ct tit din trn.
4.1. Hng dn bn v kt cu b tng ct thp.
Bit c hnh dng, kch thc, v tr lp dng v, chng loi, s lng,
kch thc;
4.2. Chn vt liu.
trnh ct li lng ph vt liu v nhn cng, chn y cc thanh np, vng,
gng, chng, leo gi, v cc vt liu inh theo yu cu vv;
4.3. Gia cng sn xut.
86
Gia cng cc thanh vn khun v khung sn c cng kch thc chiu
dy, chiu rng theo kch thc thit k.
Cc tm vn khun, khung sn lin kt vi nhau to thnh hp ct lng
mng ( Bn nguyt ) lu R theo thit k bn v.
5. Cng tc lp dng kim tra v iu chnh vn khun ct trn.
5.1. Cng tc lp dng hp ct.
- Xc nh v tr tim trc dc, trc ngang, ct cao ca cng trnh, ct
thp m bo ng v tr k thut.
- Khi lp vn khun bng phng php th cng chng ta phi ghp mt
na hp ct vng ging chng tm cho khi v lp tip na cn li lin kt
bng inh v lp cc gng.
5.2. Kim tra, chnh sa, chng hon chnh
- Khi lp vn khun xong phi m bo ng hnh dng, kch thc,
phng thng ng sao cho tim u ct trng tim chn ct trng tim cng trnh
theo c 2 phng trc dc v trc ngang ca cng trnh.
- Tin hnh vng ging, chng hoc leo gi n nh chc c nh.
- Nu ct cao t 4 m tr xung chng 2 t
- Nu ct cao 4m n 5,5m chng 3 t
- Gc nghing nh nht l 45, gc nghing ln nht l 75
6. Tho d v v sinh cng nghip vn khun ct.
6.1. Cng tc tho d.
c im ca vn khun ct ch c vn thnh gm 2 na ng trn hp li.
- Do vy ta c th tho sm khi b tng cha thi gian cho php
khi tho theo ng quy trnh theo ln theo lt cc thanh vng, ging, chng,
thanh gng pha trn cao ln lt xung di, tho tip mt na ca hp ct lp
sau v tho na cn li, tho n u loi no theo loi y v sinh sch b
tng bm dnh mt ca vn khun.
87
Bi luyn tp
Tn bi : LP DNG CP PHA G CHO CT TRN
A. M t s lc sn phm
1. Tn sn phm: Lp dng v tho d vn khun ct trn (Hnh: 22)
2. Nguyn liu: G vn t nhim nhm 6.
- Vn khun hp lng mng (na ng trn) gia cng xong.
- Gng ct bng g gia cng.
- Cy chng hoc giy leo tng .
3. Kt cu: Gm cc tm vn lin kt vi thanh khung sn bng inh to
thnh hp khun lng mng lin kt ghp khp kn 2 na ng trn to thnh
hp vn khun ct trn, vng, chng v leo gi c nh .
4. Lp dng tm vn khun (Hnh v: 22)
- Mi nhn (gm 3 ngi )lp dng hon chnh mt v tr ct ng yu cu
k thut.
- Thi gian: 2 gi mt lt (mi nhm luyn tp 2 ln)
B. Dng c, thit b cho mi hc sinh thc hin bi kim tra

1. Danh mc dng c thit b cn thit hc sinh t chun b thc hin bi thi

1 Dng c gm; ba, thc mt, 01 b Dng chung
v ni v Com pa, mu dng
2 dng bo h lao ng 01B Cho 1 ngi

K n S
TT Tn thit b, dng c, vt t Ghi ch
hiu v lng
1 Hp vn khun ct lng Tm 04 gia cng ng k
mng gia cng thut
(3600 x R125)
2 Gng ct bng g gia cng Ci 10 s lng
theo kch thc thit k
3 Cy chng cy 16 8 cy chng u ct
8 cy chn ct
88
4 Dy neo tng B 02
5 Dng c iu chnh tng B 02
v dy neo
6 inh 5cm Kg 0,3
7 Gin gio ph hp vi cng B
vic
8 V tr lm vic ph hp Xng trng
C. Phn cng luyn tp
- Luyn tp theo nhm mi nhm 3 ngi.
- Thi gian luyn tp 4 gi v 1 gi chun b
- S ln luyn tp 2 ln ( 2 gi/ ln ).
+ Luyn tp ln 1 = 30% nh mc
+ Luyn tp ln 2 = 60% nh mc.
+ Luyn tp ln 3 = 90%
- Khi lng: 3,3 m2 cho mt ct
Theo nh mc (AF 811 100m2 = 31.2)
+ Vy s m2 ca ct = 3,5m2 = 1.08 cng/ct.
- a im luyn tp v kim tra: Ti xng hc thc tp ngh cp pha.
D. Cng tc chm im
89
M s bi M02 - 04
Ngy kim tra.........
Bi kim tra s: Vn khun ct trn
Thi gian kim tra: 4 gi
H tn th sinh .......................................................................
H tn gio vin nh gi........................................................
Sai s Phng php nh im im
TT Ni dung nh gi
cho php gi ti a thc t
thc
ng hnh dng thit k nh gi ca gio 15
vin
ng kch thc chiu 3 mm Dng thc mt o 10
cao ct.
Tim ct thng ng v 5 mm Dng dy di kim 15
trng vi tim cng trnh tra
Khong cch gia cc 5 mm Dng thc mt o 10
gng u nhau
2 im k thut v an 40
ton v sinh cng nghip
Cc gc ca vn khun 3 mm Kim tra ly sai s 10
kht ln nht
ng ng cong r ct 3 mm Dng mu dng o 15
R = 125mm kim tra.
n nh v chc chn nh gi ca gio 15
vin
3 m bo an ton lao ng 5
Tng im 100
90
1
Hinh v s 22: Ct trn bi luyn tp
91
Bi 5 : GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN
DM LIN SN
M bi: M 02 - 05
M t vn khun dm lin sn:
- Vn khun dm lin sn, l loi vn khun phc tp c c im gm
dm chnh, c khi c c dm ph lin kt vi nhau to thnh khi phn
vn khun sn v tr ct cao cao bng cao tng nh.
- c lm bng vt liu g t nhm 8 n nhm 6 gm cc cng vic t
sn xut n lp dng, c c im hnh dng kiu khun mu, kch thc theo
thit k k thut, khi lp dng ng v tr tim, ct ca cng trnh theo thit k.
Mc tiu ca bi
- Trnh by c cu to cc yu cu k thut, quy trnh gia cng vn vn
khun dm lin sn.
d vn khun dm lin sn ti cng trnh xy dng.
Ni dung chnh ca bi
1. Cu to vn khun dm lin sn:
1.1. Cu to dm chnh.
- Cu to vn khun dm chnh c dng hnh vung ( hay Ch nht ) gm
tm y hp chu trng lng ca b tng 2 tm vn khun thnh hp chu p
lc ngang ca b tng.
- Tm vn khun y thng dy 40mm n 50mm t trc tip ln thanh
ngang ct chng ch T hai tm vn thnh 2 bn dy t 20mm n 40mm c
t trc tip ln thanh ngang ct chng ch T p cht khp kn vo tm vn y
ng bng kch thc ca y dm, trn thnh dm chnh c ca lp dm ph.
- Vn khun ch ni c cu to ca ni, ti v tr ni trn thnh dm
chnh ct l rng c kch th-c bng kch th-c dm ph. y dm ph
t 1 thanh np cch y ca bng chiu dy ca tm khun dm ph.
thnh dm ph t thanh np ca .
92
400 30 600 30 600 3026030 600 30 600 30 600 3026030 600 30 600 30 400
Hnh v s 26-1a:
Cu to mt ng dm chnh
b b 3
4 a
1 2 1 2
Hnh v s 26-2a
Cu t mt bng dm chnh v dm ph
93
Hnh v s 26-2b
Cu to mt ct dm chnh
1.2. Cu to dm ph
Cu to vn khun dm ph c cu to hnh ch nht gm tm y hp
chu trng lng ca b tng 2 tm vn khun thnh hp chu p lc ngang ca
b tng. Tm vn khun y thng dy 40mm n 50mm t trc tip ln
thanh ngang ct chng ch T hai tm vn thnh 2 bn dy t 20mm n 40mm
c t trc tip ln thanh ngang ct chng ch T p cht khp kn vo tm
vn y ng bng kch thc ca y dm.
94
Hnh s 27: Cu to dm ph
1.3. Cu to vn khun sn
Gm cc tm nh ghp lin kt kn kht vi nhau mt trn phng vn
khun sn gm tm vn c kch thc: chiu rng ca vn thng t 100mm
n 500mm,chiu di 2000 3000, dy 20 30 mm, t trc tip ln cc thanh
vn sn,
d dng tho tm khun sn, khng t tm khun sn trc tip ln
thnh dm, phi cch mt khong t vn dim. Vn dim t theo chu vi
ca sn. Vn dim lin kt nh vo thnh dm v tm vn khun sn.
95
13
5 3 2 4
1 14
12
7
10 11
1- Vn y dm; 2- Vn thnh dm; 3- Vn dim; 4- Vn sn

5- vn sn; 6- chu lc ( vn); 7- Cy chng ch T
8- Thanh ging; 9- Nm; 10- Vn k; 11- Thanh b chng trt
12- Thanh chng cho
Hnh s 28 : Cu to dm lin sn
1.4. H thng khung chng

Dng g hp, g hoc lung, tre, lm cy chng cho dm sn
- Cu to cy chng ch T gm cy chng, thanh ngang ch T, hai thanh
chng cho thanh ch T cho ngang bng, chc chn;
96
- Cy chng sn thng chc chu c ti trng ca sn ( Nu l tre lung
phi s dng on gc );
- chnh to hn vn c th bng g c tit din hnh ch nht
hoc tre lung thng cng trc tip vn;
- vn nh hn chnh chu lc lm trn chnh trc tip vn
sn
Ngoi ra cn c nm, vn k, thanh ging, thanh chng cho, thanh vng vv.
Hnh s 29: H thng khung chng

2. Yu cu k thut vn khun dm lin sn
2.1. Hp dm chnh, dm ph phi ng hnh dng kch thc chiu rng, chiu
cao pha bn trong ca hp dm theo thit k hoc cu kin ca b tng;
2.2. V tr lin kt vn khun m bo kn kht khi lp ghp, lin kt thnh
tng tm, mng to thnh hp khng lm mt nc xi mng;
2.3. H thng chng , nm, k, thanh ging v vn khun khi lp dng xong
lun lun m bo n nh, chn trong khi thi cng b tng n khi b
tng t cng chu lc.
2.4. Vn khun dm lin sn khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim, m bo
ng ct cao theo thit k ca cng trnh;
2.5. C cu to tht n gin, khoa hc hp l, lp nhanh, tho nhanh khng
lm nh hng n cng tc lp t ct thp v lun chuyn c nhiu ln;
97
- Khi tho vn khun dm sn ch tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo
lt cc thanh vng, ging, chng khng lm sp, ri t do vn khun v lm
nh hng n cht lng b tng b v, nt.
4. Trnh t gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun dm lin sn

4.1. Hng dn xem bn v kt cu b tng ct thp sn..
- Quan st nghe hng dn bn v kt cu b tng ct thp dm lin sn
bit c hnh dng, kch thc chiu rng, cao, di, chng loi, s lng, kch
thc v v tr lp dng ;
4.2. Chn vt liu.
cc tm vn sao cho ph hp chiu di, chiu rng vn khun dm lin
sn hp l trnh ct li lng ph vt liu v nhn cng, chn y cc thanh
np, vng, gng, chng, leo gi, v cc vt liu inh theo yu cu vv;
4.3. Gia cng vn khun dm chnh, chng v ph kin.
- Gia cng sn xut vn y, vn thnh dm chnh bng chiu di, cao,
rng thit k ;
- Cn c vo kch thc ca dm, tra bng ( bng 7) chn chiu dy vn
y, vn thnh, kch trc np vn thnh, np gi chn vn thnh.
- Ghp tm khun thnh.
- Trn tm khun thnh, xc nh v tr, kch thc ca ni dm ph, ct,
t np y v thnh dm ph.
4.4. Gia cng vn khun dm ph, chng v ph kin.
- Gia cng sn xut vn y, vn thnh dm ph bng chiu di, cao, rng
thit k;
- Cn c vo kch thc ca dm, tra bng ( bng 7) chn chiu dy vn
y, vn thnh, kch trc np vn thnh, np gi chn vn thnh ghp tm
khun thnh vi y thnh hp dm ph.
98
Kch thc chnh ca vn khun dm chnh v dm ph
A. Thnh dm
Chiu Khong cch ln
cao ca nht gia cc np Tit din nh nht ca np vn
dm ca vn thnh l1 v thnh (mm) khi chiu dy ca
chnh l2(m)khi chiu dy vn thnh (mm) V tr ca np
v dm vn thnh (mm) vi vn thnh
ph
(m) 19 25 70 19 25 40
0.3 0.6 0.8 1.3 19 x 80 25 x 80 40 x 90
0.4 0.5 0.7 1.2 25 x 80 25 x 100 40 x 90 t theo chiu

nm (cnh ln
0.5 0.5 0.7 1.1 10 x 60 40 x 60 40 x 60 tip xc vi
vn thnh)
0.6 0.5 0.6 1 40 x 60 40 x 90 40 x 90
t theo chiu
0.8 0.4 0.6 0.9 40 x 90 40x100 40x100 thng ng
1 0.4 0.6 0.9 40x100 40x120 40x120 (cnh nh tip

xc vi vn
1.2 0.4 0.6 0.9 40x120 40x150 40x150 thnh)
B. Vn y v np gi chn vn thnh
Khong nh lin kt gia np gi chn vi gi ta,

Chiu cch ln khi chiu dy vn y bng ( mm)
cao nht gia Tit din nh
cc ct nht ca np gi 40 50
ca
dm chng chn khi chiu
chnh y khi dy vn y S S
chiu dy bng ng Chiu ng Chiu
v lng lng
vn y knh di knh di
dm ( ci) ( ci)
ph bng
40 50 40 60
300 1250 1550 25x120 25x120 3 70 2 3 70 3
400 1150 1450 20x120 25x120 3.5 80 3 3.5 80 3
99
500 1050 1350 25x120 25x120 3.5 80 4 3.5 80 5
600 1000 1250 25x120 25x120 3.5 80 5 4 100 5
800 900 1150 40x100 50x100 4.0 100 6 4.5 125 6
1000 850 1050 40x100 50x100 4.5 100 6 5 125 6
1200 800 1000 40x100 50x100 5.0 125 6 5 125 8

* Ch thch: Khi c sn, chiu cao ca dm chnh v dm ph phi k c chiu
cao ca sn.
4.5. Gia cng vn khun sn.
Vn khun sn c sn xut cc loi chi tit sau y:
Tm khun sn c sn xut theo kch thc v hnh dng ca thit k.
4.6. Gia cng cy chng, .
Gia cng cy chng ch T dm chnh v dm ph, cy chng, ca
sn tnh ton theo chiu cao, chiu di tr chiu dy nm , k, chiu dy ca
vn hoc o kch thc thc t ph hp s lng
Sn xut b nm, vn k v cc thanh ging.
5. Cng tc lp dng vn khun kim tra v iu chnh

5.1. Lp dm chnh kim tra v iu chnh.
- Xc nh v tr, cao t 2 u dm chnh
- Xc nh tim, ct dm chnh.
- Ri vn t chn chng.
- t ct chng ch T
- t 2 ct chng st tng hay st ct gi vn khun ct, c nh 2 ct
chng. t thm mt s ct chnh theo ng tim ca dm chnh, nh v tm
thi cc ct chng t thm.
- Di vn y dm chnh trn x ca ct chng ch T v c nh 2 u dm
bng cch ging.
- t tip ct chng ch T theo thit k.
- t tm khun thnh dm v c nh np chn tm khun thnh cho
st vi tm y.
C nh mp trn ca tm khun thnh theo thit k ( chng xin, gng hay
ging tho hoc bu lng)
- Kim tra v iu chnh dm ng v tr tim ct ca cng trnh.
5.2. Lp dm ph kim tra v iu chnh.
100
Sau khi lp dng xong vn khun ca dm chnh t trc tip vn khun
ca m ph.
- Ri cy chng, lp y dm ph.
- Lp thnh dm ph v c nh chn, mp thnh dm.
- iu chnh ct chng xc nh cao y dm ph.
Sau khi lp xong vn khun dm chnh v dm ph, tin hnh ging ct
ging ngang v ging cho.
Cui cng lp sn theo tc, chun b t ct thp v b tng.
5.3. Lp sn kim tra v iu chnh.
- Ly ct cao ca mt sn ti nhng ni c nh t d dng s
dng v kim tra trong qu trnh lp dng.
Lp dng:
- t h thng dm tm khun sn
- C nh dm sn bng vn dim v mt pha
- t cy chng dm sn.
- Lt tm sn.
- iu chnh v ng vn dim xung quanh.
Kim tra
- Kim tra mt phng ca sn, iu chnh, b sung cy chng.
- ng h thng ging v ging cho theo quy nh.
- Lm sn thao tc b tng.
6. Tho d vn khun dm lin sn v v sinh cng nghip

6.1. Cng tc tho d
Khi tho vn khun dm lin sn lu khng gy tc ng mnh vo
phn b tng lm nh hng n cht lng. inh phi c nh khi vn, np
hoc ng phng vi mt vn, khng vt, qung vn lm b gy, v vn khun
vv.
- Trnh t tho cc thanh ging, nm k h thp ct cao tho ta cy
chng va c th lp dng -c sn cng tc m khng lm sp ri vn khun
t do. lp sn cng tc tho vn thnh dm, vn sn, thanh vn, tho
vn, cy chng sn, cy chng dm v vn y dm tho theo ln theo
lt cho n ht
- Loi no xp vo chng loi gn gng.
101
Bi luyn tp: GIA CNG TM THNH DM
A. M t s lc sn phm
1. Tn sn phm: Tm thnh Dm
2. Nguyn liu: G tp nhm 6.
3. Kt cu: Gm cc tm vn lin kt vi thanh np bng inh
4. Kch thc (4160*430 )
5. Thi gian lm bi 01 tm = 120 pht
6. Nhn lc:
02 Ngi gia cng cho mt tm ( Lm vic theo nhm)
B. Nguyn vt liu cung cp ca xng

Kch thc phi S
STT Tn chi tit Ghi ch
( mm) lng
I Nguyn liu g tp
1 Tm y dm s1 4250*200*40 01 d gia cng
2 Tm thnh dm s 2 4250*480*30 02 d gia cng
3 Thanh p np 500*60*30 14 d gia cng
4
II Nguyn liu ph inh 5 cm 0,3 kg
C. Trang thit b
1. Dng c th cng do x-ng trang b ng b
Mi nhm thi c trang b mt b dng c ngh mc ph hp cho cng vic
- Ca cc loi , ba ng cc loi v vam kp g.
- Thc mt, vung, c, bt vch
- Mi ngi thi c 1 v tr lm vic 6m2.
- Mi ngi thi c 1 cu bo.
2. Phn chun b my phc v cho cng vic.
- Ca x dc, ct ngang, ct gc...
- My bo cc loiMy a tc dng..
- Cc hc sinh u c ng k s dng dy chuyn my mc
- Cng cp in ca cc loi my chuyn dng.
3. Nguyn liu
Mi hc sinh c cung cp y nguyn vt liu theo luyn tp:
- G nhm 6 pha thnh kh theo thit k
- Cng cp in 220 V ( 1 pha )
D. hng dn chm im
01 tm g dn kch thc 1,0m * 1,2m dng xp dng c.
102
1. Phn chia cc loi im khi chm.
1 Kch thc chnh chiu di cy thnh dm Khch quan 15
2 Kch thc chiu rng thnh dm Khch quan 15
3 kn kht Khch quan 10
4 vung Khch quan 10
5 phng Khch quan 10
6 chc chn Ch quan 10
9 An ton lao ng Ch quan 10
Cng 100
E. Thang chm im
M bi: M 02 - 05
Ngy luyn tp:...............................................................................
Bi luyn tp s: ...............................................................................
a im luyn tp..............................................................................
H tn hc sinh:...................................................................................
n v..................................................................................................
H tn gio vin .................................................................................
im
Sai s Phng php nh im
TT Ni dung nh gi thc
cho php gi ti a
t
thc
Kch thc chiu di 10 mm Dng thc mt o 15
(4160)
Kch thc chiu rng 5 mm Dng thc mt o 15
(470)
kn kht 0 3 mm Dng thc mt o 10
2 im k thut 30
chc chn: Kim tra Dng ba g th 10
lin kt gia vn v thanh mi lin kt
np
vung gc: Kim tra 2 mm Dng thc vung 10
ti v tr 4 gc o tng gc
103
phng: Kim tra mt 2 mm Dng dy cng trn 10
phng ca mt cp pha mt phng o ch
tip gip vi b tng sai s ln nht
3 S dng vt liu: Gio vin theo di
- Khng thay chi tit no ghi bin bn qu 10
- Thay 1 chi tit trnh thi 4
- Thay 2 chi tit 0
ng cu to: ng hnh Gio vin theo di 10
4 dng ca sn phm (Tng quan st sn phm
Gio vin nhn xt cho
im)
5 m bo an ton lao m bo an ton, 10
ng, Sch s, gn gng
v sinh mi trng
Tng im 100
GIA CNG TM THNH DM
180
430
250
150 60 700 60 700 60 700 60 700 60 700 60 150 4030

4160 70
a
chi tit vn khun thnh dm ct a-a
104
Tn bi luyn tp: GIA CNG CT CHNG CH T
A. M t kim tra
1. Tn sn phm: Ct chng ch T chng dm ( Theo kch thc bn v)
2. Nguyn vt liu: G nhm 5 pha thnh kh theo bng thng k vt liu
3. Kt cu:
Thanh chng ng, thanh ngang, 2 thanh cho v 2 thanh np lin kt vi
nhau bng inh 5cm ( c bn v km theo )
4. Nhn lc: 01 Ngi gia cng c lp 1 gi cho mt cy chng ch T
B. Dng c thit b cho mi hc sinh thc hin mt bi kim tra
1. Danh mc dng c thit b cn thit hc sinh t chun b thc hin
TT Tn thit b, dng c c tinh S lng Ghi ch
1 Cc loi ca ct ngang, bo 01 b
thm th cng
2 Thc mt, thc vung, bt 01 b
ch, c, com pa, Ba ng inh
Trang b bo h lao ng 01 b

S Ghi ch
TT Tn thit b, dng c, vt t K hiu n v
lng
1 Thanh g nhm 5 c kch Thanh 01 d gia cng
thc 3300 x 100 x 100
2 Thanh ging kch thc Thanh 02 d gia cng
800 x 50 x 30
3 Thanh np kch thc Thanh 02 d gia cng
300 x 50 x30
3 Thanh ngang Thanh 01 d gia cng
(1100 x 50 x 30)
4 My ca a nng chic 01
5 Cng cp in cho cc loi B
my
6 Cu bo Chic 01
7 inh 5cm ci 30
8 V tr lm vic ph hp
C. Thang chm im
105
M bi: M 02 - 05.
Ngy luyn tp:
Bi luyn tp s: Gia cng cy chng ch T
a im luyn tp ti xng trng
H tn th sinh:
Lp:
H tn gio vin:
im
im
TT Ni dung nh gi Sai s Phng php nh gi thc
ti a
t
1 im hnh dng kch 40
thc
ng hnh dng, kch 10 Dng thc mt o 10
thc chiu di cy chng mm
ng kch thc chiu di 5 mm Dng thc mt o 10
thanh ngang
thanh ging cho
thanh np
2 im k thut 45
Cc gc gia thanh chng 3 mm Dng thc mt o 16
cho v cy chng kim tra cc gc
ngang bng ca thanh 3 mm nh gi ca gio 14
ngang ch T vin
chc chn ca cy nh gi ca gio 15
chng vin
3 Tit kim vt liu =5 Khng Gio vin theo di 5
im 01 0
Thay 01 chi tit = 0 im
4 m bo an ton lao ng Gio vin theo di 5
5 V sinh cng nghip Gio vin theo di 5
Tng im 100
106
GIA CNG CT CHNG CH T
1000
d=80x50
80
80
50
50
150 150
40
40
d=30x50
3220
3220
d=100x100
100
107
Bi kim tra: LP DNG CP PHA G CHO DM
A. M t bi thi
1. Tn sn phm: Lp vn khun dm theo ng yu cu k thut
2. Nguyn liu
-Vn khun dm gia cng xong
- Cc thanh chng cho gia cng
- Cy chng ch T gia cng theo thit k
3. Kt cu: Hp vn khun dm c nh v bi cc thanh chng cho v c
bi cy chng ch T, v c lin kt bng inh 5cm ( c bn v km theo )
4. Thi gian lm bi: 4 gi = 240 pht ( nhm 4 ngi )
B. Dng c, thit b cho mi hc sinh thc hin bi thi
v ni v
2 dng bo h lao ng B
2. Danh mc dng c thit b, vt t do xng trng cung cp
S Ghi ch
TT Tn thit b, dng c, vt t K hiu n v
lng
1 Vn khun dm gia cng c Tm 02
kch thc ( 3600 x 400 x 30 )
2 Cc thanh chng cho c kch Thanh 12
thc (600 x 50 x 50)
3 Cy chng ch T gia cng B 06
theo kch thc thit k
4 Ct chng cho v thanh ging B 06
c
5 Dng c iu chnh tng v B 01
dy neo
6 inh 5cm Kg 0,5
7 Gin gio ph hp vi cng B
vic
4 V tr lm vic ph hp
C. Thang chm im
108
M bi M 02 - 05
Ngy kim tra:
Bi kim tra s:
a im kim tra......................
H tn hc sinh....................................................................
n v.......................................................................................
H tn gim kho......................................................................
TT Ni dung nh gi Sai s Phng php im im
nh gi ti a thc t
1 ng hnh dng, kch thc 55
ng hnh dng thit k nh gi ca 15
gim kho
ng kch thc tit din dm 3 mm Dng thc 15
400 x 220 mt o
Tim dm trng vi tim ct, 5 mm Dng dy di, 15
ngang bng ni v kim tra
Khong cch gia cc ct ch 50 mm Dng thc 10
T u nhau mt o
2 im k thut 35
Cc gc ca vn khun kht 3 mm Kim tra ly 10
sai s ln nht
vung gc y dm 3 mm Thc vung 10
kim tra
n nh chc chn ca ton nh gi ca 15
b h thng cp pha dm gim kho
4 m bo an ton lao ng 5
Tng im 100
109
LP DNG CP PHA G CHO DM
400
400
440
440
40
40
3200
3200
3200
3200
110 250 700 700 700 700 250 110
mt ng dm (t l 1/10)
40 400
400
440
440
40
3020
3020
d=30x50
3200
3200
d=100x100
180
180
mt ct ngang dm (t l 1/10)
110
Bi 6: GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN
CU THANG HAI NHP
M bi: M 02 - 06
Mc tiu ca bi
- M t c cu to v nu c cc yu cu k thut, quy trnh gia
cng vn vn khun cu thang hai nhp.
d vn khun cu thang hai nhip ti cng trnh xy dng.
Ni dung chnh ca bi
1. Cu to vn khun cu thang
1.1. Cu to dm chn thang, chiu ngh, dm chiu ti
- Cu to vn khun dm chn thang c dng ch nht khng c tm y
gm 2 tm vn khun thnh ghp 2 bn dm chu p lc ngang ca b tng dy
t 20mm n 40mm ghp khp kn ng bng kch thc ca dm b tng;
- Cu to vn khun dm chiu ngh c dng ch nht
+ Gm tm y hp dm,2 tm vn khun thnh hp
+ Tm vn khun y thng dy 40mm n 50 mm t trc tip ln
thanh ngang ct chng ch T hai tm vn thnh 2 bn dy t 20mm n 40mm
c t trc tip ln thanh ngang ct chng ch T, p cht khp kn vo tm
vn y ng bng kch thc ca y m bo chiu cao ca dm ngoi ra cn
c h thng vng, ging chng vv;
- Cu to dm chiu ti ( c cu to tng t nh dm chiu ngh )
1.2. Cu to an thang, cn thang
- an thang gm cc tm g ghp khp kn bng phng t ln cc thanh
vn an thang ca an thang, t chn thang n dm chiu ngh l an
thang t 1 t chiu ngh ln n dm chiu ti l an thang t 2.
- Cn thang chnh l dm treo ton b dan thang c vn thnh hai
bn y dm khng gia cng ring m s dng vn sn an thang.
1.3. Cu to h thng chng
- Cu to cy chng ch T gm cy chng, thanh ngang ch T, hai thanh
chng cho thanh ch T cho ngang bng, chc chn chng ti v tr dm
chiu ngh v chiu ti;
- Cy chng sn an thang yu cu thng chc chu c ti trng ca sn (
Nu l tre lung phi s dng on gc );
111
- chnh chu lc kch thc ln hn vn sn an thang c th
bng g c tit din hnh ch nht hoc tre lung thng cng trc tip
vn, nm, vn k, thanh ging, thanh chng cho, thanh vng
Hnh 30: Cu to chng, vn khun cu thang.
112
300 50 30 150 30 50 300 900
2 220
3
30
5
250
1
4
6
100
30
100
20 60
120
7 8
150 150
11
11
10
1- Vn sn an thang; 2- Vn thnh dm cn thang;

3- Thanh vng ming; 4- Thanh np; 5- Thanh chng cho
6- Thanh b; 7- Thanh d; 8- Thanh nm; 9- Vn k
Hnh v 31: Cu to an thang, cn thang.
113
Hnh v 32: Cu to dm chiu ngh, dm chiu ti
2. Yu cu k thut vn khun cu thang

2.1. H thng dm, sn lp xong phi ng hnh dng kch thc thit k.
Chiu rng, chiu cao pha bn trong ca hp dm chn thang, chiu
ngh, chiu ti v sn an thang theo thit k hoc cu kin ca b tng;
2.2. V tr lin kt vn khun m bo kn kht
Khi lp ghp, lin kt thnh tng tm, mng to thnh hp khng lm
mt nc xi mng;
114
2.3. Ton b h thng chng , vn khun cu thang khi lp dng xong lun
lun m bo n nh, chc chn.
Trong khi thi cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu lc
hoc thi gian quy nh.
2.4. Vn khun khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim, ct.
m bo ng ct cao , dc ca sn an thang theo thit k ca
cng trnh;
2.5. C cu to tht n gin, khoa hc hp l.
Lp nhanh, tho nhanh khng lm nh hng n cng tc lp t ct
thp v lun chuyn c nhiu ln.
- Khi tho vn khun dm, sn cu thang. Ch tho theo ng trnh t
theo ln theo lt cc thanh vng, ging, chng khng lm sp, ri t do vn
khun v lm nh hng n cht lng b tng b v, nt.
4. Trnh t gia cng sn xut vn khun cu thang hai nhp.
4.1. Hng dn xem bn v kt cu b tng ct thp cu thang hai nhp.
Bit c hnh dng, kch thc,v tr lp dng v lp c bng thng
k, chng loi, s lng, kch thc;
4.2. Chn vt liu.
cn c vo s liu ca bng thng k chn cc tm vn, cy chng vv sao
cho ph hp chiu di, chiu rng vn khun cu thang hai nhp hp l trnh
ct li lng ph vt liu v nhn cng, chn y cy chng, thanh np,
vng, gng, leo gi, v cc vt liu inh theo yu cu vv;
4.3. Gia cng vn, cy chng, thanh np, vng, gng, ging vv.
- Gia cng sn xut vn sn an thang, vn y, vn thnh dm chn
thang, chiu ngh,chiu ti bng chiu di, cao, rng thit k.
- Gia cng cy chng, .
- Gia cng cy chng ch T dm chiu ngh, chiu ti, cy chng,
ca sn an thang, sn chiu ngh, chiu ti tnh ton theo chiu cao, chiu
115
di tr chiu dy nm , k, chiu dy ca vn hoc o kch thc thc t
ph hp s lng.
- Sn xut b nm, vn k v cc thanh ging.
5. Lp dng, kim tra v iu chnh vn khun cu thang hai nhp.
5.1. Cng tc lp dng.
- Xc nh v tr tim, ct thc t ngoi cng trnh.
5.1.1. Lp dng dm chn thang u tin l loi dm khng c vn y ch lp
dng vn thnh 2 bn kim tra ng k thut vng chng chc chn c nh.
5.1.2. Lp dng cy chng ch T lp hp dm chiu ngh ng v tr tim ct
vng chng chc chn c nh.
- Lp n h thng cy chng, v vn sn chiu ngh ng v tr k
thut kim tra chnh xc tim ct, vng chng n nh chc chn.
- Lp dng n h thng cy chng, v lp vn sn an thang khi
lp xong o xc nh v tr, kch thc lp dm cn thang ch lp mt bn thnh
ngoi cn thnh bn trong ( Thnh treo ) ch khi no lp t xong ct thp mi
c ghp tip.
5.1.2. Ghp dm chiu ti lp dng cy chng ch T 2 u dm, lp hp dm
sn chiu ti ng v tr k thut kim tra chnh xc tim ct, vng chng n nh
chc chn.
- Lp dng sn chiu ti,lp h thng cy chng, v lp vn sn
chiu ti o kim tra li tim , ct cho chnh xc.
- Lp ghp sn an thang t hai cui cng lp tip n dm cn thang
t hai
5.2. Kim tra,chnh sa, vng,chng hon chnh.
ng k thut xong cn ng vng, ging , nm k cho tht chc chn v
n nh. trng hp cu thang nhiu t th trnh t lp dng t ba ging nh
lp dng t hai.
6. Tho d vn khun cu thang hai nhp.
6.1. Cng tc tho d
- Trnh t tho t trn xung di sau 48 gi ta c th tho d vn thnh
cn thang.
- Lu cc b phn khc sau khi b tng t cng chu lc hoc sau
28 ngy mi c php tho.
- Khi tho nh nhng khng lm va chm mnh nh ti b tng trc tin
tho cc thanh ging, tho ta cy chng sn chiu ti bc gin gio thi cng
tho tip n nm , vn k h thp cao tho vn sn chiu ti, cc thanh d
dc, ngang, cy chng sn chiu ti, nm v vn k.
- Tho sn chiu ngh v an thang vv.
116
- Tho dm chiu ti chuyn gin gio ph hp v tr thi cng tho nm ,
vn k h thp ct cao ca dm chiu ti tho vn thnh 2 bn , tho vn y
tho cy chng ch T xp gn gng v sinh sch s.
- Tho an thang t 2 tng t nh tho sn chiu ti.
- Tho dm chiu ngh ( Tng t nh tho dm chiu ti )
- Tho an thang t 1 ( Tng t nh an thang t 2 )
- Tho dm chn thang ( C th tho sm nh tho dm cn thang )
Khi tho vn khun cu thang hai nhp lu khng gy tc ng mnh
vo phn b tng lm nh hng n cht lng.
vt, qung vn lm b gy, v vn khun vv.
- Phng tin dng c, mychuyn dng v vn khun,cy chng, thanh
vv phi v sinh sch s
Bi luyn tp v kim tra:

LP DNG CP PHA G CHO CU THANG
A. M t bi:
1. Tn sn phm:
Lp vn khun sn an thang t u tin ng yu cu k thut
2. Nguyn liu
- Vn khun gia cng xong.
- Cc thanh chng, thanh , ging vv ( gia cng.)
3. Kt cu:
Lp trn cng l vn sn an thang, tip l vn, chu lc, cy
chng , nm v vn k c lin kt bng inh chc chn theo ng trnh t k
thut.
4.Thi gian lm bi:
5 gi cho mt ln lp dng v tho d, 1 gi cho cng tcchun b.
5. Nhn lc : (nhm 3 ngi)
Lp dng cp pha g cho cu thang c kch thc theo bn v ng yu
cu thut, luyn tp 2 ln kim tra 1ln
- kim luyn tp, kim tra nh hnh v (s 32 v 33)
B. Dng c, thit b cho mi nhm thc hin luyn tp v kim tra
117
thc vung, bt ch, Dy di v
ni v
2 dng bo h lao ng 01 B
C. Trang thit b phc v bi thi
- B cp pha g y theo bn v thit k
- inh 5 cm 0,3 kg, inh 3 cm 0,5 kg, dy buc gio 0,5 kg
- Hc sinh c ng k s dng my mc a nng, my ca cm tay
- B gin gio ph hp vi cng vic
2. Dng c, thit b, vt t do th sinh t chun b: ( mi ngi mt b)
- Ca mng, ba, km
D. Hng dn chm im
118
M bi: M 02 - 06
Ngy luyn tp v kim tra:.............
bi s.....................
a im luyn tp v kim tra
H tn hc sinh ..................
n v................................
H tn gio vin...............................................................
Sai s im
Phng php im
TT Ni dung nh gi cho thc
nh gi ti a
php t
1 ng hnh dng thit k nh gi ca gim kho 10
2 Kch thc chiu di 10mm Dng thc mt ca th 10
o trn mt bng 4200 sinh o ly sai s ln
nht
3 Kch thc chiu rng 10mm Dng thc mt ca th 10
1200 sinh o ly sai s ln
nht
4 ng dc thit k 10mm Dng thc mt o 15
chiu cao 1800, 130
5 ngang bng ca cc 5 mm Dng niv ca th sinh 10
thanh ngang kim tra
6 thng ng ca ct 10mm Dng dy di ca th 10
chng sinh kim tra
7 Cc lin kt lp ng v nh gi ca gim kho 10
tr theo thit k
8 chc chn v n nh gi ca gim kho 15
nh ca ton b h
thng cp pha
9 - m bo an ton lao Gim kho quan st, ghi 5
ng chp qu trnh
- Mt an ton trong thi 0
cng
10 V sinh cng nghip nh gi ca gim kho 5
Tng im 100
119
HNH V LUYN TP
Hnh 33: Cu to Ct dc cu thang gm c y chng, , vn khun...
120
300 50 30 150 30 50 300 900
2 220
3
30
5
250
1
4
6
100
30
100
20 60
120
7 8
150 150
11
11
10
Hnh 34
Cu to mt ct ngang cu thang, an, cn thang chng, vn khun
121
Bi 7: GIA CNG, LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN TNG
M bi: M 02 - 07
M t vn khun tng.
- Vn khun tng cu to ch c vn thnh xung quanh, khng c vn
y.
- G t nhin thng t nhm 8;7;6 vv.
kch thc theo thit k k thut, yu cu khi lp dng ng v tr tim ct cng
trnh theo thit k., tho, lp, lun chuyn thun tin d dng.
- L cng vic lp dng vn khun kiu tm mng rng, di v cao khi
lp dng vn khun tng theo phng thng ng trong cng vic b tng ct
thp tai ch cho cng trnh.
- c im ca cng tc vnkhun tng lm ngoi tri, thng trnh
khng lm vic khi thi tit ma.
- Mt ngi khng th lm c m phi lm vic theo nhm.
Mc tiu ca bi
- Nu c cu to v nu c cc yu cu k thut, quy trnh gia cng
vn khun tng
d vn khun tng ti cng trnh xy dng.
lao ng trong qu trnh lp dng v tho d vn khun tng .
Ni dung chnh ca bi
1. Cu to vn khun tng
1.1. Cu to phn vn khun tng.
* Vn khun tng gm
- Nhng tm khun tng t trn thanh nh v. Tm khun c ni
thnh hng vi nhau theo chiu di ca tng. Ti nhng ng ni c t
trn sn chng c tit din ln hay t thnh b i ca sn.
- Hng tm khun t chng ln nhau theo chiu cao, vt tm khun ni
vi nhau theo chiu cao thnh mt ng thng ng. Cc tm khun khi ni
vi nhau to thnh 2 vn khun tng t cch nhau bng chiu dy ca tng.
- Nhng tm khun thnh c ta vo thanh sn . Thanh sn 1
u t trn thanh nh v, cnh trong t trong tm khun tng, cnh ngoi
t gng. Gng c th bng g hay bng thp ch U.
- Tm khun c g tm vo sn bng inh.
- chng tm khun vo trong dng cc thanh c b tng hoc thanh
c bng g.
- chng tm khun tng ra ngoi, dng thnh ging bng bulng.
Cc thanh ging bu lng c t trong ng nha hoc thanh b tng c l
122
gia. Nn b tr thanh ging ci n di ci kia theo phng thng ng
thun li cho v dm b tng.
- tng cng n nh ca vn khun tng mt bn tng c cu
to thm chng xin, cn bn kia dng thm dn gio v sn cng tc
Khi chiu dy ca tng nh hn 0,5m vn khun tng cu to ch yu
bng tm khun tng v sn chng thanh c v thanh ging.
Khi chiu dy ca tng ln hn 0,5m v chiu dy ca tng mng,
nhng yu cu cht lng b tng cao, cu to vn khun tng phi c sn v
gng .
Hnh 35: Cu to vn khun tng
123
1.2. Cu to phn khung sn tng
Gm cc thanh ng lin kt vi cc thanh khung ngang trc tip cc tm
vn khun, cc thanh ngang cc thanh vn, chn nh v chn
tng, h thng khung hoc cy chng v cc bu lng, cc chng trc vv.
Hnh 36-1 : Cu to phn khung sn tng.
a
250
250
80
80
b b
600
600
1940
1940
80
80
600
600
80
80
250
250
a
250 40 500 40 500 40 500 40 500 40 250 100 40
2700 140
chi tit cp pha khung s-n t-ng ct a - a

40 100
140
250 40 500 40 500 40 500 40 500 40 250

2700
ct b - b
Hnh 36-2: Cu to phn khung sn tng.
124
2. Yu cu k thut vn khun tng
2.1.ng hnh dng kch thcthit k.
Chiu rng, chiu cao pha bn trong ca tng theo thit k hoc cu
kin ca b tng;
2.2. Vn khun tng m bo kn kht.
Khi lp ghplin kt thnh tng tm, mng to thnh hp tng khi b
tng khng lm mt nc xi mng;
2.3. Ton b h thng chng , vn khun tng khi lp dng xong lun lun
m bo n nh, chc chn.
Trong khi thi cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu lc
hoc thi gian cho php;
2.4.Vn khun tng khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim, m bo ng ct
cao , chiu di theo thit k ca cng trnh;
lm nh hng n cng tclp t ct thp v lun chuyn c nhiu ln;
- Khi tho vn khun tng Ch tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo
lt cc thanh vng, ging, chng khng lm sp, ri t do vn khun v lm
nh hng n cht lng b tng b v, nt.
4. Trnh t gia cng sn xut vn khun tng.
4.1.Quan st v nghe hng dn bn v kt cu b tng ct thp tng.
Bit c hnh dng, kch thc chiu rng, cao, di, chng loi, s
lng, kch thc v v tr lp dng .
4.2. Chn vt liu.
- cn c vo s liu ca bng thng k chn cc tm vn thnh tng,
khung vn sao cho cng chiu dy phng, thng ph hp chiu di, chiu
rng vn khun tng hp l trnh ct li lng ph vt liu v nhn cng,
chn y cc thanh np, vng, gng, chng, leo gi, bu lng v cc vt liu
khc theo yu cu.
4.3. Gia cng khung sn tng, vn khun, chng v ph kin vv.
125
- Gia cng sn xut vn khun thnh 2 bn tng bng chiu di, cao,
thit k cc cnh theo chiu dc ca tng tm vn ghp lin kt vi nhau phi
bng phng, kn kht .
- Gia cng cc thanh ng chu lc ngoi, ng vn, ngang
chn nh v tng c tit din ch nht m bo thng khng cong vnh, h
thng khung chng ,bu lng, dy leo y s lng v cht lng theo thit
k.
5. Cng tc Lp dng kim tra v iu chnh vn khun tng
5.1. Cng tc lp dng.
- Xc nh tim, ct cao ca chn tng
- t thanh nh v ca chn vn khun tng.
Ty theo nn cng trnh: ta t thanh nh v nh sau:
+ Nn t: ng cc xung nn t, lin kt thanh nh v vo u cc
bng inh. t chn vn khun tng ln thanh nh v, cng lin kt bng inh.
+ Nn b tng: Cc mu g c chn sn trong qu trnh b tng
hoc dng sng bn inh lin kt thanh nh v vo nn b tng. Sau t chn
vn khun ln thanh nh v v lin kt bng inh thng.
- lp cc tm khun tng v sn chng, gng, thanh ging v thanh c,
l ty theo kt cu ca tng ta c cch lp nh sau:
- Vi tng dy v khng c ct thp
Lp mt ln c 2 thnh vn khun tng theo ct cao ca tng. Mt bn
lp sn thao tc b tng ca b tng, phu; mt bn tng gia c bng
chng xin.
- vn khun tng cao, dy cc tm khun, sn v gng c lp dn
tng t. b tng tng t xong, li lp tip.
- Vi tng mng ( chiu dy tng b hn 0,2m) th lp hon chnh mt
thnh vn khun, cn thnh th 2 lp dn theo tng t b tng.
5.2. Cng tc kim tra v chnh sa.
- Khng ng hnh dng, kch thc: C th do xem bn v, thng k
kch thc sai, hoc khi gia cng ca ct tha hoc thiu vv, c bit thiu cng
tc kim tra cho tng cng vic, dn n khi kt thc xong sy ra khng ng
k thut
126
6. Tho d vn khun v v sinh cng nghip.
6.1. Cng tc tho d.
- Khi tho vn khun tng lu khng gy tc ng mnh vo phn b
tng lm nh hng n cht lng
- Tho cc hoc cht nh v, tho h thng khung chng
- Tho ngang, dc
- Tho cc thanh np p, thanh ni
- Tho cc tn vn khun t trn xung di theo tng ln lt v sinh
sch s xp theo chng loi.
vt, qung vn lm b gy, v vn khun vv.
- Mt bng ni lm vic, phng tin dng c, my chuyn dng v vn
khun, khung tng, cy chng, thanh vv phi v sinh sch s, gn gng.
Bi luyn tp: LP DNG VN KHUN G CHO TNG

A. M t bi
1. Tn sn phm: Lp dng vn khun g cho tng ng yu cu k thut
2. Nguyn liu
- Vn khun gia cng xong.
- H thng khung v thanh chng, thanh , ging, bu lng vv ( gia
cng.)
3. Kt cu: Lp trong gip b tng l vn tng, tip l vn, chu lc,
cy chng , nm v vn k c lin kt bng bu lng, inh chc chn theo
ng trnh t k thut.
- Gm 2 tm thnh lin kt vi nhau bng bu lng v khung sn, hai
bn thnh pha ngoi c cc thanh chng cho, theo bn v thit k.
4.Thi gian lm bi: 3 gi cho mt ln lp dng v tho d, 1 gi cho cng
tcchun b.
5. Nhn lc (nhm 3 ngi) lp dng cp pha g cho cu thang c kch thc
theo bn v ng yu cu thut, luyn tp 2 ln kim tra 1ln
- Nhm gm 4 ngi lp dng luyn tp 2 ln
127
- B cp pha g gm: 2 tm vn thnh c gia cng v ghp thnh mng,
b bulng 10, cc thanh chng cho, g nh v chiu dy tng, cc thanh np v
inh 5 cm
- Th sinh c ng k s dng my mc a nng, my ca cm tay
- Ca mng, ba, km, c l, m lt
C. Hng dn chm im
128
M bi M 02 - 07
Ngy kim tra............................
bi kim tra: Lp dng vn khun tng nh hnh v
a im kim tra......................
H tn hc sinh .....................................................
H tn gio vin......................................................
Sai s im
Phng php im
nh gi ti a
php t
1 Kch thc chiu di 5 mm Dng thc mt ca hc 10
tng sinh o ly sai s ln
nht
2 Kch thc chiu cao 5 mm Dng thc mt ca hc 10
nht
3 Kch thc chiu dy 3 mm Dng thc mt ca hc 10
nht
4 V tr tim tng 3 mm Dng thc mt ca hc 10
sinh o
5 ngang bng 5 mm Dng niv ca hc sinh 10
kim tra
6 thng ng 3 mm Dng dy di ca hc 15
sinh kim tra
7 Cc lin kt lp ng nh gi ca gio vin 10
cu to
8 chc chn v n nh gi ca gio vin 15
nh ca ton b h
thng cp pha
9 - m bo an ton lao gio vin quan st, ghi 5
ng chp qu trnh 0
cng
Tng im 100
129
Hnh 37: Cu to vn khun tng
130
Bi 8: LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN
THP NH HNH CHO MNG
M bi: M 02 - 08
Gii thiu
Nhng nm gn y, s tin b vt bc v cng ngh xy dng, nhiu
cng trnh cao tng xut hin, i hi cng tc vn khun cng phi ph hp vi
cng ngh thi cng hin i. Chnh v th cp pha nh hnh kch thc b c
tm quan trng trong cng tc thi cng cng trnh xy dng. Cp pha nh hnh
c nhiu u im, lp nhanh tho d, t bin dng khi s dng m my. m
bo c hnh dng kch thc cc cu kin b tng, b tng ct thp.
Mc tiu ca bi
- Nhn bit c cc ph kin lp dng, thit b chng ca tm cp
pha kim loi.
- Trnh by c cc yu cu k thut chung ca cp pha kim loi.
- Lm c cc cng vic chn tm cp pha, ph kin, thit b chng
cho tng cu kin ti cng trnh xy dng.
1. Cu to vn khun mng ct :
* M t c cu to cp pha kim loi nh hnh c bn cao c s
dng nhiu ln( t 50 200 ln) ti cc cng trnh, chnh v th vic kim tra
xc nh cht lng cp pha phi m bo cc yu cu sau;
- Tm cp pha trong qu trnh s dng phi duy tr c hnh dng kch
thc thit k ban u.
- Tm cp pha phi phng mt, c hnh dng kch thc ph hp vi
nhng b phn kt cu cng trnh. Phi bn, cng, n nh khng cong vnh.
- Khung sn m bo chu un, cc l lp kha, cht khng b bin
dng.
- Tm cp pha nh, tin dng tho lp d dng, khi lp thnh khun phi
kn khng cho va xi mng v nc chy ra.
* Cht lng ph kin gia c
- Cc ph kin dng lin kt cc tm khun vi nhau, cc tm khun
vi gng sn, to thnh mt h thng ng b cng chu lc, lm cho vn
khun tr thnh mt khi lin kt vng chc, thay th c nhiu ct chng t
bn ngoi thnh vn khun, gp phn quan trng vo vic chng bin hnh vn
khun.
131
- tng cng cho vn khun (chu p lc ngang ca b tng khi v
m). Chnh v th cc h thng gng, kp thnh dm phi cng chu lc
tt.
- Gng kp phi c ch to, linh hot vic iu chnh kch thc khc
nhau ca cng trnh, ngoi ra gng kp phi nh ( ph hp vi vic lp rp th
cng) trong thi cng tho lp d dng thun li.
1.1. Cu to vn khun nh hnh mng ct.
- Tm khun chnh
A Mt trc tm khun
A
1
B Mt sau tm khun
1 Tm tn mng 2mm
B
2 L lp kha 3 4
2
3 L buc dy neo
4 Khung sn
Cu to tm khun( Hnh v: 38)
Bng thng s k thut ca cc tm vn khun
Rng (mm) Di(mm) Cao(mm)

T 100 n 600 T 600 n 1800 50
600 1800 50
500 1600 -
400 1500 -
300 1200 -
200 1000 -
100 800 -
600 -
500 -
132
- Tm khun ph
+ Tm gc trong v gc ngoi
+ Thanh chuyn gc( thanh n gc)
Cu to cc tm lin kt (Hnh 39)
1.2. Cc loi ph kin gia c cc loi kha, gng, kp thnh dm
133
1
2
A B C
A Kha ch U, L; B Gng ct: 1Cht, 2 L cm cht;

C Kp thnh dm, gng ngc
Cu to Kha; Gng; Cht (Hnh 40)
2. Yu cu k thut vn khun mng ct.

2.1. m bo ng hnh dng, kch thc thit k.
Vn khun mng ct c lp khi lp ghp thnh hp mt bn trong ca vn
khun tip gip vi b tng m bo ng hnh dng, kch thc theo thit k
hoc cu kin ca b tng;
2.2. Vn khun m bo kn kht
Vn khun mng ct c lp khi lp ghp, lin kt thnh tng tm, mng
to thnh hp lun lun m bo kn kht khng lm mt nc xi mng;
2.3. m bo n nh, chc chn.
Vn khun mng ct c lp khi lp dng xong lun lun m bo n
nh chn chn trong khi thi cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu
lc ;
2.4. ng v tr tim ct theo thit k
Vn khun mng ct c lp khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim theo c
thit k.
2.5. Cu to khoa hc hp l, tho, lp d dng.
C cu to tht n gin, khoa hc hp l, lp nhanh khng lm nh hng
n cng tc lp t ct thp, khi tho khng lm nh hng n b tng v
134
3. Chun b cc iu kin an ton lao ng.
- Khi thi cng phi quan st k trnh vn chuyn b ri, cn thn khng
bi vo mt.
- Vn khun mng ct khng c vn y m ch c vn thnh do vy sau
2 n 3 ngy c th tho vn khun lun chuyn sang v tr khc. Khi tho
vn khun ch khng gy va chm n phn b tng ang ng kt s lm nh
hng n cht lng b v, nt cong vnh .
- vn khng vt, qung vn lm b gy, cong vnh vn khun vv.
- Vn khun v sinh sinh sch s qut du m, xp gn gng theo ng
chng loi.
4. Chun b dng c v chn vt liu, hng dn xem bn v.

4.1. Quan st v nghe hng dn xem bn v cu to mng
Quan st nghe hng dn xem bn v mt bng, mt ng, mt ct v bn
kch thc cc cnh ca mng.
- Bit c chng loi, s lng, kch thc, v tr lp dng, cu to mng
tr c lp loi mng khng dt cp v mng c git cp).V d trn (Hnh s
42a; 42b)
- Chn phng tin dng c ph hp thun tin nh ba inh dng c o
vch vv.
- Xc nh hnh dng, kch thc, cao ca cu kin. La chn gin gio,
ph hp iu kin thi cng.
- La chn tm khun ng kch thc cho cp pha mng chn kha
cht, cc gim, thanh chng ng yu cu gia c mng hp l
5. Lp dng v iu chnh vn khun.

5.1 Cng tc lp dng.
- Lp dng vn khun nh hnh n gin hn nhiu so vi vn khun g.
Khi lp dng vn khun nh hnh, u tin phi kim tra cc mc cong
vnh, bin hnh ca tm khun cc mc, kha, ph kin gia c c iu kin
135
duy tr hnh dng ca cu kin, trong iu kin thi cng cng trnh hin ti
khng.
- c bn v k thut, xc nh hnh dng kch thc mng, c mng.
- Xc nh trc tim (cng dy theo trc dc, trc ngang, th qu di chuyn
trc tim xung h mng). Xc nh ct mng (dn ct chun v v tr mng)
- Lp hp khun mng C nh hp khun bng cc gim xung nn
t tip tc lp phn thn c mng gia c bng cc thanh chng vng vo thnh
t( ch phi c tm vn chng ln v lp b nm) iu chnh tm khun
ng tim cng trnh.
450
700
330
200 100
450
450 330 450 1200

1200
Cu to mng ct Hnh 41:
Hnh 42: Gia c cp pha mng ct
136
5.2. Cng tc kimr tra, iu chnh
- Kim tra tim, ct, khe h, kim tra cc thnh phn gia c m bo n
nh, chc chn ng v tr cng trnh.
-
6.1. Cng tc tho d vn khun.
- Khi b tng t cng , k thut cho php tin hnh tho d.
- Trnh t tho d ngc li vi trnh t lp( lp trc tho sau)
* Tho d vn khun mng
- c im ca vn khun mng tr c lp khng c vn y m ch c
vn thnh xung quanh..
- Do vy ta c th tho sm khi b tng cha t cng hoc cha
thi gian cho php, khi tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo lt cc thanh
vng, ging, chng kho vv .
- V sinh sch khng b tng bm dnh trn vn khun qut du m.
- Khng ng hnh dng, kch thc: C th do c bn v thng k kch
thc sai, hoc khi gia cng ca ct tha hoc thiu vv, c bit thiu cng tc
kim tra cho tng cng vic, dn n khi kt thc xong sy ra khng ng k
thut
thi.
- o kim tra sao cho hp mng, c mng ng hnh dng, kch thc,
v tr tim theo c 2 phng trc dc v ngang ca cng trnh v ng ct cao
vng ging chng chc chn c nh
137
Bi tp ng dng M02 - 08
Thc hnh lp dng cp pha mng ct
(C bn v km theo)
M t bi luyn tp
- c bn v k thut xc nh hnh dng, kch thc mng.
- Trn tm khun, thit b gia c.
- Xc nh tim, ct mng.
- Lp hp khun, gia c chc chn, kim tra k thut ln cui.
450
700
330
200 100
450
450 330 450 1200

1200
Hnh v cu to mng b tng ( Hnh 43)

1. Ni dung luyn tp
- Phn cng luyn tp: Mi nhm gm 02 hs lp hon chnh mt hp cp
pha mng c kch thc nh hnh v.
- Thi gian luyn tp: 2 gi.
- S ln luyn tp: 01 ln /nhm
- Hin trng ( xng thc hnh)
2. Chun b dng c, trang b ca nhm
c tnh k S
TT Dng c, trang b Ghi ch
thut lng
1 Dng c gm: Dng chung
- Ba 300g 01
- Dy cng trc tim 10m
- Thc o 5m 01
- Thc vung 01
138
- Qa di hoc ( ni v ) 01
2 Trang b: Nh trng cp
- Qun o bo h ng s B
- Dy mi cng i
- M cng Chic
3. Vt t thit b do xng cung cp

n S
TT Vt t, trang thit b K hiu Ghi ch
v lng
1 Cp pha nh hnh kch Tm 04 Tm khun
thc b 1200 x 200 chnh
2 Thanh chuyn gc Thanh 04
3 Kp ch U Ci 12
4 Cc gim 40 x 40 x 500 B 08 Bng g
4. Mu phiu dnh gi k nng

H tn hc sinh
Lp
Kha
Sai s im
Phng php im
nh gi ti a
php t
thc
ng cu to nh gi ca gio 15
vin
ng kch thc thit k 2mm Thc mt 10
1200 x 1200
ng tim, ct cng trnh 5mm Dng dy di kim tra 15
2 im k thut 60
Gc ca tm khun kn 2mm Kim tra ly sai s ln 10
nht
vung 4 gc 2mm Dng thc vung 20
kim tra
n nh chc chn nh gi ca gio 20
vin
3 m bo an ton 5
Cng im 100
139
THP NH HNH CT TIT DIN VUNG
M bi: M 02 - 09
Mc tiu ca bi
- M t c cu to, trnh by c cc yu cu k thut, quy trnh lp
dng v tho d vn khun nh hnh ct tit vung .
- Lm c cc cng vic; la chn vt liu, lp dng v tho d vn
khun nh hnh ct tit din vung ti cng trnh xy dng.
Ni dung ca bi:
1. Cu to vn khun, gng, chng ct tit din vung.
1.1 Cu to hp ct.
* Cht lng tm cp pha
- Cp pha nh hnh c bn cao c s dng nhiu ln( t 50 200
ln) ti cc cng trnh, chnh v th vic kim tra xc nh cht lng cp pha
phi m bo cc yu cu sau;
thc thit k ban u.
- Tm cp pha c phn mt phi phng hnh dng kch thc ph hp vi
- Tm cp pha c phn khung sn m bo chu un, cc l lp kha,
cht khng b bin dng.
- Pha cnh c cu to cc l cht kho tc dng lin kt vi nhau to
thnh hp ct theo kch thc thit k.
140
600
1800
600
600
45
70
300
300
Cu to vn khun ct c lp ( Hnh 44 )
141
Cu to vn khun ct ( Hnh 45)
1.2. Cc loi ph kin gia c cc loi kha, gng, kp.
142
1
2
A B C
A Kha ch U, L; B Gng ct: 1Cht, 2 L cm cht;

C Kp, gng ngc
Cu to Kha; Gng; Cht (Hnh 40)
2. Yu cu k thut lp dng v tho d vn khun nh hinh ct tit din

vung - ch nht
2.1.Vn khun hp ct khi, lp dng xong phi m bo ng hnh dng kch
thc theo thit k hoc cu kin ca b tng;
2.2.Vn khun m bo kn kht khi lp ghp, lin kt thnh tng tm, mng
to thnh hp ct khng c v tr khe h lm mt nc xi mng;
2.3. Vn khun ct khi lp dng xong lun lun m bo n nh, chn trong
khi thi cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu lc hoc thi gian
cho php;
2.4. Vn khun ct khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr, tim u ct trng tim
chn ct v tim ca cng trnh theo c 2 phng trc dc v trc ngang ca
cng trnh, m bo ng ct cao theo thit k;
2.5.Cu to khoa hc hp l, lp nhanh, tho nhanh khng lm nh hng n
cng tclp t ct thp v lun chuyn c nhiu ln;
- Khi thi cng phi quan st k trnh ri trn cao xung t do hoc bi
vo mt.
143
- Vn khun ct khng c vn y m ch c vn thnh do vy sau 2 n
- Khi lp,tho vn khun ct ch tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo
lt cc thanh gng ct, ging, chng khng lm nh hng n cht lng b
tng lm b v, nt.
4.1. Quan st v nghe hng dn xem bn v cu to ct.
kch thc cc cnh ca ct.
- Bit c chng loi, s lng, kch thc, v tr lp dng, cu to ct
c lp V d trn (Hnh s 44; 45)
- Chn phng tin dng c ph hp thun tin nh ba inh c l, qu
di, dng c o vch vv.
- Xc nh hnh dng, kch thc, cao ca cu kin. La chn gin
gio, ph hp iu kin thi cng.
- La chn tm khun ng kch thc cho cp pha ct, chn kha
cht, cc gim, thanh chng ng yu cu gia c ct hp l vv.
5. Cng tc lp dng vn khun ct v iu chnh
5.1.Cng tc lp dng hp ct.
- c bn v k thut ( mt bng cng trnh) xc nh v tr hnh dng
kch thc ct, ( mt ct cng trnh) xc nh cao ca cp pha ct ( ct dm,
sn b dy ca sn chiu cao ca dm)
- La trn tm khun ng kch thc cho (cp pha ct). chn kha
cht, gng , thanh chuyn gc, cy chng, dy neo ng yu cu gia c cp pha
ct.
- Cn c du tim trn mt mng kim tra chn c ( nh v chn cp pha)
nu c sai lch phi iu chnh li m bo chnh xc.
144
Cu to vn khun ct ( Hnh 46)
- Dng cc tm khun vo v tr chn c dng cc thanh chuyn gc lin
kt cc tm khun thnh hp khun lp cc gng chng phnh dng cc cy
chng kt hp dy neo chn ct v u ct c 4 cnh ca hp ct.
5.2. Kim tra, chnh sa.
Kim tra thng ng, iu chnh ct gng, chng c nh ct chng,
dy neo kim tra thng ng ln cui sao cho tim u ct trng vi tim chn ct
trng vi tim ca cng trnh chng hoc lep nh v chc chn ln cui.
6.1. Cng tc tho d.
145
- Khi b tng t cng k thut cho php mi tin hnh tho d.
Tho d cp pha phi m bo nguyn tc n gin v d tho, b phn
no cn tho trc khng b ph thuc vo b phn phi tho sau.v tr tng
quan gia cc b phn cng trnh, v tr cng trnh trong khng gian.
- Cp pha cn c tho d ng th t. Ch trc tin cn d cc cu
kin khng chu lc hoc t chu lc nh cy chhng, giy leo nm , k vv. sau
tip tc d cc cht kho v tho mt cnh ca ct v 3 cnh tho sau.
- Trong khi tho d khng lm chn ng mnh, gy dn nt lm bin
dng h hng cu kin.
6.2. V sinh dng c, vn khun.
- Khi vn chuyn, tho d khng c nm tm khun t trn cao xung,
lm bin dng, cong vnh tm khun. Phi vn chuyn ln xung bng h thng
gin gio hoc cu vn thng.
- S dng xong phi v sinh no b tng bm dnh trn b mt, bi du
bo qun, xp gn tng chng loi tin cho vic ly ra s dng cho cc cng
trnh khc.
Bi tp ng dng M 02 09
Thc hnh lp dng cp pha ct
(C bn v km theo)
M t bi luyn tp
- c bn v k thut xc nh hnh dng, kch thc ct.
- Trn tm khun ng kch thc cho ct, chun b kha, thanh chuyn
gc, dy neo, ct chng, gng.
- Xc nh tim, ct ca ct
- Lp dng hp khun, neo, lp gng, kim tra thng ng, c nh chc
chn
146
600
1800
600
600
45
70
300
300
Cu to vn khun ct c lp ( Hnh 47 )
1. Ni dung luyn tp
pha ct c kch thc nh hnh v.
- S ln luyn tp: 01 ln /nhm
- Hin trng ( xng thc hnh)
147
c tnh k
TT Dng c, trang b S lng Ghi ch
thut
- Ba 300g 01
- Thc o 5m 01
- Thc vung 01
- Qa di hoc( ni v) 01
- Qun o bo h ng s B
- Dy mi cng i
- M cng Chic

S
TT Vt t, trang thit b n v K hiu Ghi ch
lng
1 Cp pha nh hnh Tm 04 Tm khun
1800 x 300 x 300 chnh
3 Kp ch U Ci 32
4 Gng chng bin dng B 03 Bng thp
5 Cy chng Thanh 04 G
6 Dy neo, tng B 01 Dy neo cp
148
H tn hc sinh
Lp
Kha
Sai s im
Phng php im
nh gi ti a
php t
thc
ng cu to nh gi ca gio vin 10
ng kch thc tit 2mm Thc mt 10
din ct 1800x300x300
ng tim, ct cng 5mm nh gi ca gio vin 10
trnh
Thng ng 2mm Dng dy di kim tra 10
2 im k thut 60
nht
kim tra
n nh chc chn nh gi ca gio vin 20
3 m bo an ton 5
Cng im 100
* Ghi ch: Quy v thang im 10. Ngy..ThngNm 201

Gio vin
149
THP NH HNH CHO DM
M bi: M 02 - 10
Mc tiu ca bi
- Trnh by c cu to cc yu cu k thut, quy trnh lp dng v tho
d vn khun thp nh hnh cho dm.
khun nh hnh dm.
Ni dung ca bi:
1. Cu to vn khun dm.
1.1. Cu to hp dm.
- Cu to vn khun dm c dng hnh vung ( hay Ch nht ) gm tm
y hp dm trc tip chu trng lng ca b tng 2 tm vn khun thnh hp
chu p lc ngang ca b tng.
- Tm vn khun y thng dy 50 mm chiu rng bng chiu rng ca
dm, t trc tip ln thanh ngang ct chng ch T hai tm vn thnh 2 bn
c t trc tip ln thanh ngang ct chng ch T p cht khp kn vo tm
vn y vi thnh bng cht kho, ng bng kch thc ca y dm.
thc thit k ban u.
cht khng b bin dng.
150
300
300
200
A
B
3621
3321
220 3000 220
C
Cu to vn khun dm ( Hnh 48 )
151
1.2. H thng khung chng v ph kin vv.
1200 6
5 5
2
1500
2700
3 7 3
8
1500
1 2
Gao chng PAL Ct chng n iu chnh cao

1 Kch chn gio; 2 Kch u; 1 Chn ; 2 Thn di; 3 Cht
3 ng ni; 4 Thanh ging 4 L cht; 5 Thn trn; 6 u
5 Khung gio 7 Vng ren; 8 Tay quay
Hnh v: 49 -Cu to h thng chng v kch chn, kch u
2. Yu cu k thut vn khun dm.

2.1. Hp dm phi ng hnh dng kch thc thit k.
Hp dmkhi lp dng xong phi ng hnh dng kch thc chiu rng,
chiu cao pha bn trong ca hp dm theo thit k hoc cu kin ca b tng;
2.2. V tr lin kt vn khun m bo bng phng, khi lp ghp lin kt bng
cc cht kho thnh tng tm, mng to thnh hp dm kn kht khng lm mt
nc xi mng;
2.3. H thng chng ,kch chn, kch u, tm k, thanh ging, cht kho v
vn khun khi lp dng xong lun lun m bo n nh, chn trong khi thi
cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu lc.
2.4. Vn khun dm lin sn khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim, m bo
ng ct cao theo thit k ca cng trnh;
152
- Khi thi cng phi quan st k trnh ri trn cao xung t do hoc bi
vo mt.
- Vn khun dm khng c vn y m ch c vn thnh do vy sau 2 n
- Khi lp,tho vn khun dm ch tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo
lt cy chng , , cht kho, kch chn vv, khng lm nh hng n cht
lng b tng lm b v, nt.
- Lp dng cp pha gin gio lm vic trn cao, tai nn thng xy ra
trong khi cng nhn lm vic (trn gin gio, trn cp pha) ng khi ng trn
thang hoc trong khi lp ghp vn khun gin gio trn mi c dc cao v
trong khi tho d cp pha gin gio.
cng tc.
4.1. Quan st v nghe hng dn xem bn v cu to dm.
kch thc cc cnh ca dm.
- Bit c chng loi, s lng, kch thc, v tr lp dng, cu to dm
c lp V d trn (Hnh s 48; 49)
di, dng c o vch vv.
153
- La chn h thng chng , cc chu lc, cy chhng n v tm
khun ng kch thc cho cp pha dm, chn kha cht vv. ng yu cu
gia c dm hp l vv.
5.1. Lp h thng chng v hp dm.
- Lp t hng dn xem bn v k thut mt ct dm, xc nh kch
thc dm, cao thnh dm.
- La chn tm khun ng kch thc cho dm y dm, thnh dm
chrn kha, cht, gng kp thnh dm , thanh chuyn gc, cy chng n, iu
chnh cao mt bch trn ca cy chng c lp kt hp vi kp thnh dm
hoc thanh T bng g ( KT 100 x100 x800)
- Xc nh cao ca y dm dng cy chng hai u st ct b tng
c c nh tm thi bng dy buc. t tm khun y dm lin kt vi
cc thanh chuyn gc, dng cy chng phn khong, nh thng bng y
dm bng ni v hoc dy nc, iu chnh ng ct cao y dm. Lp hai
tm khun thnh dm lin kt bng kha ch u.
5.2. Cng tc kim tra v iu chnh.
- Kim tra tim, ct sao cho ng v tr ca cng trnh , nu sai phi chnh
sa, iu chnh h thng gng, cht, kha, vn thnh dn, y dm ch trong
lng khun phi c vng tm lp thanh ging lin kt c nh chc chn cc cy
chng.
- Kim tra ln cui kch thc dm trong lng khun, thng bng dm,
kim tra tim, ct iu chnh v kim tra cc cy chng m bo n nh, chc
chn chu lc tt.
6.1. Cng tc tho d.
- u tin ta phi tho tay quay cho kch khung chng h thp chiu cao.
Tho d cp pha dm phi m bo nguyn tc n gin v d tho, b
phn no cn tho trc khng b ph thuc vo b phn phi tho sau. v tr
tng quan gia cc b phn cng trnh, v tr cng trnh trong khng gian.
- Cp pha cn c tho d ng trnh t. Ch trc tin cn d cc
cu kin khng chu lc hoc t chu lc nh tm vn thnh dm, sau n kch
u, kch chn, vn y dm, khung gio vv.
dng h hng cu kin b tng.
154
gin gio, rng rc hoc cu vn thng vv.
trnh khc
Bi tp ng dng M 02 10
Thc hnh lp dng cp pha dm
(C bn v km theo)
M t bi luyn tp
- Chn tm khun dm, ct chng n, gng kp thnh dm, thanh n
gc, kha
- Dng ct chng, lp y dm, lp thnh dm, iu chnh ct, kim tra
tim, kim tra ngang bng.
1. Ni dung luyn tp
pha dm c kch thc nh hnh v.
- S ln luyn tp: 01 ln /nhm.
- Hin trng lp t ti xng thc hnh. (Ct b tng c 02 ct)
155
300
300
200
A
B
3621
3321
220 3000 220
C
Cu to dm (Hnh 50)
c tnh k S
thut lng
- Ba 300g 01
- Thc o 5m 01
- Thc vung 01
- Dy nc hoc( ni v) 5m
Qun o, m, giy ng s B
156
n S K
TT Vt t, trang thit b Ghi ch
v lng hiu
1 Tm khun dy dm Tm 01 Tm khun chnh
KT 3000*200
2 Tm khun thnh dm Tm 02
KT 3000*300
1500*50*50
4 Kp ch U Ci 24
5 Gng kp thnh dm B 04 Bng thp
6 Ct chng thp Ci 04 iu chnh cao

H tn hc sinh
Lp
Kha
Sai s im
Phng php im
nh gi ti a
php t
thc
ng cu to nh gi ca gio vin 10
ng kch thc tit 2mm Thc mt 10
din dm
1800*300*300
ng tim, ct cng 2mm nh gi ca gio vin 10
trnh
Ngang bng 2mm Dng dy di kim tra 10
2 im k thut 60
157
nht
kim tra
n nh chc chn nh gi ca gio vin 20
3 m bo an ton 5
Cng im 100

Gio vin
158
Bi 11: LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN THP NH HNH
CHO SN
M bi: M 02 - 11
Mc tiu ca bi
d vn khun thp nh hnh cho sn.
khun nh hnh sn.
Ni dung ca bi:
1. Cu to vn khun sn
1.1. Cu to vn khun sn.
Gm cc tm vn khun nh hnh phng ghp lin kt bng cc cht
kha kn kht vi nhau mt trn vn khun sn phi phng ng v tr tim ct,
gm tm vn c kch thc: chiu rng ca cc tm vn c kch thc t
100mm n 600mm,chiu di 600 1800, dy 50 mm, t trc tip ln cc
thanh vn sn, trc tip trng lng ca b tng sn.
thc thit k ban u.
cht khng b bin dng.
1.2. H thng khung chng v .
- Gio chng l h chng bng khung cng, c nhim v m bo cho
vn khun mt cao nht nh theo yu cu. Gio chng nhn tt c cc ti
159
trng tc dng ln n chuyn xung nn t hoc vo cc b phn ca cng
trnh hin c. Ngoi ra gin gio cn lm cc nhim v chng cc lc x ngang
gi n nh cho h thng gin gio trong khi m b tng.
- Gio chng cho vn khun dm v sn v cc kt cu khc trong xy
dng cc cng trnh dn dng v cng nghip. Yu cu tr gio phi t trn
mt trc thng ng ti trng cc ct tng trn truyn trc tp xung ct
tng di, chn phi c t trn tm k bng vn dy, kt cu chng
khng b ln qu tr s cho php..
- Gio chng phi linh hot iu chnh c cao khc nhau, lp dng
v tho d thun tin, ph hp vi iu kin kinh t - k thut.
200 50
3500
3250
A B
Hnh s 51 : Cu to H thng khung chng v vn sn
2. Yu cu k thut vn khun sn.

2.1. Vn khun khi lp dng xong phi ng hnh dng kch thc thit k.
160
Mt sn khi lp dng xong phi bng phng, ng hnh dng kch thc
chiu rng, chiu cao pha bn trong ca sn theo thit k .
2.2. V tr lin kt vn khun m bo bng phng, khi lp ghp lin kt bng
cc cht kho thnh tng tm, mng kn kht khng lm mt nc xi mng;
2.3. H thng chng ,kch chn, kch u, tm k, thanh ging, cht kho v
vn khun khi lp dng xong lun lun m bo n nh, chn trong khi thi
cng b tng n khi b tng t cng chu lc.
2.4. Vn khun sn khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim, m bo ng ct
cao theo thit k ca cng trnh;
- Khi thi cng phi quan st k trnh ri vt liu t trn cao xung t do
hoc bi vo mt.
- Vn khun sn l vn y trc tip b tng do vy sau 2 n 3 ngy
khng th tho vn khun lun chuyn sang v tr khc m ch tho khi b
tng t cng chu lc mi c tho.
- Khi lp,tho vn khun sn ch tho theo ng trnh t theo ln theo
lt kch chn, cy chng , , cht kho, vn sn vv, khng lm nh hng
n cht lng b tng lm b cong, vnh.
cng tc.
161
4.1. Quan st v nghe hng dn xem bn v cu to sn.
kch thc cc cnh ca sn.
- Bit c chng loi, s lng, kch thc, v tr lp dng, cu to sn
V d trn (Hnh s 51)
di, dng c o vch vv.
- La chn h thng gio PAL, cc chu lc v tm khun ng kch
thc cho cp pha sn, chn kha cht vv, ng yu cu gia c sn hp l.
5.1. Lp h thng cy chng, ,v vn sn.
- Xc nh ct cao cu sn, din tch sn
- t b kch chn gio ( s lng yu cu ca din tch sn)
- Lp ging chn gio, ging cho chng bin hnh lp khung gio tng
th nht, lp ging cho, ng ni trn u khung gio tng mt.
- Lp khung gio tng hai, lp tip ging cho, lp kch u gio,lp dm
dc, ngang phn khon ( ch chiu di tm khun
- Lp xong phn khung gio lp tip chu lc v vn
- Lp tip tng tm vn khun nh hnh ln mt ca thanh vn m
kn kht, bng phng v chc chn, lu khi gc tm khun ph kn din tch
sn.
5.2. Cng tc kim tra v iu chnh.
- Kim tra ln cui ct cao ( iu chnh cc chn kch chu ti) Kim
tra kn kht, nu h s l cc khe h cc tm khun.
iu chnh cao ca ct sn ct sn, kha lin kt cc tm khun phi
n nh chc chn.
6. Tho d vn khun dm lin sn v v sinh cng nghip
162
6.1. Cng tc tho d.
Tho d cp pha sn phi m bo nguyn tc n gin v d tho, b
phn no cn tho trc khng b ph thuc vo b phn phi tho sau.v tr
- Cp pha cn c tho d ng trnh t. Ch trc tin cn d cc
cu kin khng chu lc hoc t chu lc nh tm vn sn, sau n vn
vn, n kch u, khung gio vv.
trnh khc
Bi tp ng dng M 02 - 11
Thc hnh lp dng cp pha sn
(C bn v km theo)
M t bi luyn tp
- Xc nh v tr tm,ct sn.
- n gio PAL, dm, , tm khun sn, kha vv.
- Dng gio PAL , gc cac thanh , lp tm khun sn, chnh kch iu
chnh t cao yu cu
1. Ni dung luyn tp
- Phn cng luyn tp: Mi nhm gm 04 hs lp hon chnh mt bn sn
c kch thc nh hnh v.
163
- Hin trng lp t ti xng thc hnh
50
200
3500
3250
A B
Cu to H thng chng v vn sn ( Hnh 52)
c tnh k S
thut lng
- Ba 300g 01
164
- Thc o 5m 01
- Dy nc hoc( ni v) 5m
- Qun o, m, giy ng s B
- M cng Ci
- Giy mi cng i
n S K
v lng hiu
1 Tm khun KT 1500x300 Tm 26 Tm khun chnh
2 Tm khun KT 1500x100 Tm 02
4 Kp ch U Ci 20 Lp im
5 Gio PAL B 04
6 chu lc Ci 04
KT3000x120x100
7 phn khong Ci 03 Nu di 2m cp
KT4000x100x100 06 ci

H tn hc sinh
Lp
Kha
Sai s im
T Phng php im
Ni dung nh gi cho thc
T nh gi ti a
php t
thc
vin
ng kch thc tit din 5mm Thc mt 10
dm 3000x4000
165
ng tim, ct cng trnh 2mm nh gi ca gio 10
vin
Ngang bng 2mm Dng dy di kim 10
tra
2 im k thut 60
Tip gip ca cc tm khun 2mm Kim tra ly sai s 20
kn ln nht
kim tra
vin
3 m bo an ton 5
Cng im 100

Gio vin
166
Bi 12: LP DNG V THO D VN KHUN THP NH HNH
CHO TNG
M bi: M 02 - 12
Mc tiu:
d vn khun thp nh hnh cho tng.
khun nh hnh tng.
Ni dung ca bi:
1. Cu to vn khun v khung sn tng, h thng khung chng .
1.1. Cu to phn vn khun tng
- Gm nhng tm vn khun nh hnh c lin kt bng cc cht kha
lp ghp khp kn thnh hng vi nhau theo chiu di, chiu cao ca tng to
thnh vch vn khun c hnh dng kch thc theo thit k v lin kt chc
chn vi h thng khung sn.
- Hng tm khun t chng, ni tip ln nhau theo chiu cao, phng
ngang cc tm khun ni vi nhau theo chiu cao thnh mt ng thng ng
v b mt phng. Cc tm khun khi ni vi nhau to thnh 2 vch ( Hp vn
khun tng khng c vn y ) mt trong vn khun tng t cch nhau bng
chiu dy ca tng.
- Nhng tm khun thnh c ta vo thanh sn . Thanh sn 1
u t trn thanh nh v, cnh trong t trong tm khun tng, cnh ngoi
t gng. Gng c th bng g hay bng thp ch U hoc bu lng lin kt gia
2 bn.
- Tm khun c g tm vo sn bng cc cht kha hoc bu lng
vv..
- chng tm khun vo trong dng cc thanh c b tng hoc thanh
c nh v.
- chng tm khun tng ra ngoi, dng thnh ging bng bulng.
Cc thanh ging bu lng c t trong ng nha hoc thanh b tng c l
167
gia. Nn b tr thanh ging ci n di ci kia theo phng thng ng
thun li cho v dm b tng.
- tng cng n nh ca vn khun tng mt bn tng c cu
to thm chng xin, cn bn kia dng thm dn gio v sn cng tc.
3 2
4 1
70
70
45
45
6
Hnh 53 : Cu tao vn khun nh hnh tng
1-Tm vn khun . 2- Thanh khung sn ngoi
3- Thanh khung sn trong lin kt vn,. 4- H thng bu lng
5- H thng chng y. 6- Vt nh v chn
1.2. Cu to phn khung sn tng, h thng khung chng .
168
Gm h thng thanh ng, thanh ngang lin kt vi cc thanh khung
ngang trc tip cc tm vn khun, cc thanh ngang cc thanh vn,
chn nh v chn tng, h thng khung hoc cy chng v cc bu
lng, cc chng trc vv.
169
Hnh 54: Cu to phn khung sn tng.
170
a
250
250
80
80
b b
600
600
1940
1940
80
80
600
600
80
80
250
250
a
250 40 500 40 500 40 500 40 500 40 250 100 40
2700 140
chi tit cp pha khung s-n t-ng ct a - a

40 100
140
250 40 500 40 500 40 500 40 500 40 250

2700
ct b - b
Hnh 55: Cu to phn khung sn tng.

2. Yu cu k thut vn khun tng.
171
2.1. Vn khun tng khi lp dng xong phi ng hnh dng kch thc
Mt bn trong vn khun tng khi lp dng xong phi phng, ng
hnh dng kch thc chiu rng, chiu cao, chiu dy tng pha bn trong theo
thit k .
2.2. m bo phng n nh kn kht.
V tr lin kt cc tm vn khun m bo phng, khi lp ghp lin kt
bng cc cht kho thnh tng tm, mng kn kht khng lm mt nc xi
mng.
2.3. m bo n nh, chc chn.
H thng chng ,kch, tm k, thanh ging, cht kho v vn khun khi
lp dng xong lun lun m bo n nh, chn trong khi thi cng b
tng n khi b tng t cng chu lc.
2.4. Vn khun tng khi lp dng xong phi ng v tr tim, ct.
ng v tr tim, m bo ng ct cao theo thit k ca cng trnh;
2.5. ng cu to khoa hc hp l, lp nhanh, tho nhanh v lun chuyn c
nhiu ln;
- Khi thi cng phi quan st k trnh ri nguyn vt liu t trn cao
xung t do hoc bi vo mtvv.
- Khi lp,tho vn khun tng ch tho theo ng trnh t theo ln
theo lt ni kch, dy leo, nm k, cy chng , , cht kho vv, khng lm
nh hng n cht lng b tng lm b v, nt.
cng tc.
172
4.1. Quan st v nghe hng dn xem bn v cu to tng.
kch thc cc cnh ca tng.
- Bit c chng loi, s lng, kch thc, v tr lp dng, cu to tng.
V d trn (Hnh s 54;55)
di, dng c o vch vv.
- Xc nh hnh dng, kch thc, cao ca cu kin la chn gin
- La chn cc ng, ngang ca h thng khung sn v tm khun
nh hnh bu lng, cht, kha vv, ng yu cu gia c sn hp l
5. Cng tc Lp dng kim tra v iu chnh vn khun tng .
5.1. Cng tc lp dng.
- Hng dn xem bn v k thut, xc nh hnh dng kch thc ca
tng.
- Chn c h thng khung sn, cc tm vn khun nh hnh ng
hnh dng, kch thc, chn kha, cht, cc gim, thanh chng theo yu cu lp
dng vn khun tng.
- Xc nh c tim v ct ti cng trnh
- Lp dng h thng gin gio thi cng
- Lp h thng khung sn tng o cn chnh vo ng v tr tim ct.
- Lp tip phn vn khun nh hnh theo ln theo lt t thp ln n
cao, lp n u ph lp lun cht kha lin kt vi khung sn.
5.2. Kim tra,chnh sa, vng, leo,chng hon chnh.
- o kim tra cn chnh ng v tr tim, ct, khe h, kim tra cc thnh
phn gia c m bo n nh, chc chn ng v tr cng trnh.
173
- Chng hai bn hoc leo gi bng dy tng sao cho thnh vn
khun tng m bo thng ng ng v tr tim ct v m bo n nh
chc chn.
6. Cng tc tho d vn khun v v sinh.
6 .1. Tho d vn khun
Tho d cp pha tng phi m bo nguyn tc n gin v d tho, b
phn no cn tho trc khng b ph thuc vo b phn phi tho sau.v tr
- Cp pha cn c tho d ng trnh t tho nm, k, kch , dy leo vv.
Tho trn cao xung thp, theo ln theo lt.
-Trong khi tho d khng lm chn ng mnh, gy dn nt lm bin
trnh khc.
Bi tp ng dng M 02 - 08
Thc hnh lp dng cp pha sn
(C bn v km theo)
M t bi luyn tp
- Xc nh v tr tim, ct ca tng .
-
- Dng gio PAL , gc cac thanh , lp tm khun sn, chnh kch iu
chnh t cao yu cu
174
3 2
4 1
70
70
45
45
Hnh 53 : Cu tao vn khun nh hnh tng
1- Tm vn khun
2- Thanh khung sn ngoi
3- Thanh khung sn trong lin kt vn
4 - H thng bu lng
5 - H thng chng y
6- Vt nh v chn
175
1. Ni dung luyn tp
- Phn cng luyn tp: Mi nhm gm 04 hs lp hon chnh mt bn sn
c kch thc nh hnh v c kch thc ( Di 3600 x cao 1600 x rng 200 ).
- Hin trng lp t ti xng thc hnh.
c tnh n v S
k thut lng
- Ba inh 300g Ci 04
- C l, m nt B 01
- Dy cng trc tim Cun 10m
- Thc o 5m Ci 01
- Dy nc hoc( ni v) Ci 5m
- Qun o, m, giy ng s B B
- M cng Ci Ci
- Giy mi cng i i

n S K
v lng hiu
1 Tm khun KT 1800x200 Tm 32 Tm khun chnh
2 B khung sn chu lc B 02
KT 3600x 120x100
KT1600 x 120 x100
4 Cht kha Ci 100
5 Bu lng B 20
176
H tn hc sinh
Lp
Kha
Sai s im
T Phng php im
Ni dung nh gi cho thc
T nh gi ti a
php t
thc
vin
ng kch thc tit din 5mm Thc mt 10
dm 3000x4000
ng tim, ct cng trnh 2mm nh gi ca gio 10
vin
thng ng v phng 2mm Dng dy di kim 10
tra
2 im k thut 60
Tip gip ca cc tm khun 2mm Kim tra ly sai s 20
kn ln nht
kim tra
vin
3 m bo an ton 5
Cng im 100

Gio vin
177
IV. IU KIN THC HIN M UN
- Vt liu
+ V ghi chp, bt mc, bt ch, thc k.
+ Vt liu g, inh, dy neo, dy buc..
+ Tm cp pha nh hnh kim loi, thit b gia c v chng .
- Dng c v trang thit b
+ Cc loi dng c th cng: Ca, ba, cu bo, thc o, thc vung,
dy, qu di vv.
+ Cc loi my: Ca a cm tay, Bo my cm tay v my chuyn dng
khc vv .
+ Gin gio cc loi phu.
+ Bo h lao ng.cj v thi cng
- Hc liu
+ Hin trng lp dng vn khun.
+ Bn v thit k.
+ Phiu giao vic.
+ Bng qui trnh cc bc cng vic.
- Ngun lc khc:
+ M hnh trc quan.
+ Cc bn v phng cu to vn khun.
+ My tnh, my chiu vv.
V. PHNG PHP V NI DUNG NH GI
1. V kin thc: c nh gi bng mt bi kim tra l thuyt.
- Cu to vn khun ct tit din vung - ch nht vv.
- Yu cu k thut vn khun, dm lin sn.
- Qui trnh gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun dm lin sn.
- Cc quy nh v an ton lao ng khi thi cng vn khun, gin gio.
2. V k nng: c nh gi bng 4 bi thc hnh sn phm t cc yu cu sau
theo phiu nh gi.
- Gia cng lp dng v tho d vn khun g cho ct tit din vung -
ch nht ng hnh dng kch thc thit k, m bo cc yu cu k thut.
- Lp dng v tho d cp pha kim loi (nh hnh) cho ct tit din ch
nht hoc dm lin sn lin khi ng trnh t, m bo cc yu cu k thut.
- S dng thnh tho cc loi phng tin, dng c chuyn dng khi kim
tra nh gi vn khun nh hnh cho mng, ct, dm sn vv.
3. V thi : m bo p ng cc yu cu:
178
- Kin tr, gn gng, ngn np, chnh xc, cn c, hiu qu, c thc tit
kim nguyn vt liu v hnh thnh tc phong cng nghip trong sn xut.
- C tinh thn gip nhau trong hc tp.
VI. HNG DN THC HIN M UN
1. Phm vi p dng chng trnh: M un c p dng ging dy cho cc
c s o to.
2. Hng dn mt s im chnh v phng php ging dy m un:
- Hc tch hp L thuyt kt hp Thc hnh hoc c th hc ti phng
hc l thuyt s dng phng php thuyt trnh, trc quan.
- Phn thc hnh; gio vin thao tc mu kt hp ging gii.
- Phn hng dn thng xuyn; gio vin bao qut lp hng dn b
tr, un nn ngi hc cc li trong thao tc.
3. Nhng trng tm m un:
- An ton lao ng
- Nhng yu cu k thut chung hoc ring ca cp pha, gin gio.
- Cu to cp pha ca cc b phn b tng trong cng trnh.
- Trnh t lp dng v tho d cp pha, gin gio.
179
TI LIU THAM KHO
1. Gio trnh ngh Mc xy dng - V o to - B xy dng 1974
2. Gio trnh k thut Mc xy dng - Nh xut bn Xy dng 1993
3. Hi p v ngh Mc - Nh xut bn i hc v Gio dc chuyn nghip
1989.
4. Gio trnh K thut thi cng cp pha - Trng i hc Xy dng H Ni.
5. Cng ngh dy hc M un lm cp pha Tp th gio vin trng K thut
nghip v Xy dng s 2 B Xy dng thng 2 nm 1997.
180
DANH DCH BAN CH NHIM XY DNG CHNG TRNH, BIN
SON GIO TRNH DY NGH TRNH NGN HN\
1 ng L Trung Sn Ch nhim
2 ng Phm th Vinh Th k
3 ng Ninh B Th Thnh vin
4 B Nguyn Th Chin Thnh vin
5 B Trn Kim Anh Thnh vin
6 B V Th Thanh Thu Thnh vin
7 B Trn Th an Thnh vin
181
182

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B LAO NG THNG BINH V X HI

CC QUN L LAO NG NGOI NC

NGH GIA CNG, LP DNG V

Nhm bin son

8 M-02 : Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn khun 41

M un: GIA CNG, LP DNG

Hnh 1-1: Khung

Khong cch B Tit din nh nht ca dm ngang, ct chng, thanh

1 2 0,5 1 80 x 120 80 x 80 30 x 200 100 x 100

2 3 1 1,5 100 x 150 100 x 100 30 x 200 150 x 150

3 4 1,5 2 120 x 180 150 x 150 30 x 250 200 x 200

Hnh 1-2 : Phn trn Khung

Hnh 1.3 Lin kt gin gio Theo phng dc.

- Trng hp dng gin gio lm cu cng tc vn chuyn th cc

5. Lp dng kim tra v iu chnh gin gio g.

Bi luyn tp: LP DNG GIN GIO G

Hnh 1.4 : Mt ct ngang gin gio g

Hnh 2 5 Cc chi tit ng ni

2. Chun b cc iu kin v an ton cho lp dng gin gio

Bi luyn tp: LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO NG

2000 1000 1000

Hnh 2-2. Mt ct dc gio ng

Hnh 3-1 Gin gio lp ghp.

- Cc khung ngang 1 c lin kt vi nhau bng cc ging cho 2 v

Hnh 3 - 2 Gio lp ghp c lp dng

3. Yu cu k thut gin gio lp ghp

4 . Lp dng kim tra v cn chnh gin gio lp ghp.

Bi luyn tp: LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO LP GHP

3.Thanh chng cho

1500 1500 1500 1500

Hnh 3 - 3 Mt ct dc gin gio lp ghp

Hnh 4 - 2 Gio PAL

1. Cu to gin gio t hp:

2. Chun b cc iu kin v an ton cho lp dng gin gio

3. Yu cu k thut gin gio t hp

4 . Lp dng kim tra v cn chnh gin gio PAL.

Bi luyn tp: LP DNG V THO D GIN GIO PAL

B. Trang thit b phc v bi kim tra

PHIU CHM IM K NNG THC HNH

M un:GIA CNG, LP DNG

I.V TR, TNH CHT CA M UN

1 Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn 12 2 8 2

2 Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn 8 2 6 0

3 Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn 12 2 8 2

4 Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn 10 2 8

5 Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn 20 2 16 2

6 Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn 18 2 14 2

7 Gia cng, lp dng v tho d vn 10 2 8 0

8 Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp 8 1 7 0

9 Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp 10 1 7 2

10 Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp 10 1 7 2

11 Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp 10 1 7 2

12 Lp dng v tho d vn khun thp 8 1 7

CNG 136 19 103 14

Chiu Khong cch (m) Kch thc nh nht ca tit din

0,2 - - 1,7 2,2 - - - -

* Ghi ch: 1. Vn khun 2 - Thanh np 3 - inh cht

1 - Vn khun thnh mng 2 - Thanh np 3 - Thanh chng cho

4 - Thanh b chng trt 5 - Thanh nm

6 - Thanh vng mt trn 2 thnh mng 7 - Thanh vn k chng ln

Hnh 1- 4: Cu to mng tr c lp khng git cp

1. 2. Cu to vn khun mng c git cp

1 - Vn khun; 2 - Thanh np; 3 - inh cht