1

MC LC

CHNG 1 GII THIU CHUNG V TI NGHIN CU ............................................ 8

1.1 S CN THIT CA TI .............................................................................................. 8
1.2 MC TIU NGHIN CU.................................................................................................. 11
1.3 CU HI NGHIN CU .................................................................................................... 11
1.4 PHM VI NGHIN CU .................................................................................................... 12
1.5 PHNG PHP NGHIN CU ......................................................................................... 13
1.5.1 S qu trnh nghin cu ............................................................................................ 13
1.5.2 Phng php thu thp d liu ........................................................................................ 13
1.5.3 Phng php phn tch s liu ....................................................................................... 14
1.6 KT CU TI ................................................................................................................ 15
CHNG 2 C S L LUN V CHNG TRNH O TO BC PTTH V S
HI LNG CA KHCH HNG ............................................................................................. 16
2.1 BN CHT S HI LNG CA KHCH HNG........................................................... 16
2.1.1 Khi nim v vai tr s hi lng ca khch hng .......................................................... 16
2.1.2 Phn loi s hi lng ca khch hng ............................................................................ 18
2.1.3 Cc yu t cu thnh s hi lng ca khch hng.......................................................... 19
2.2 C IM V VAI TR CA CHNG TRNH O TO BC PTTH ................... 21
2.2.1 Dch v o to v c im chng trnh o to PTTH............................................ 21
2.2.2 Cc loi chng trnh o to PTTH ............................................................................ 24
2.2.3 Cc yu t cu thnh chng trnh o to PTTH ........................................................ 25
2.2.4 c im ca hc sinh bc PTTH ................................................................................. 26
2.3 M HNH NH GI S HI LNG CA HC SINH VI CHNG TRNH PTTH
..................................................................................................................................................... 28
2.3.1 M hnh ch s hi lng ca khch hng ........................................................................ 28
2.3.2 Cc yu t phn tch s hi lng ca hc sinh vi chng trnh PTTH ....................... 30
2.4 CC NHN T NH HNG N S HI LNG CA KHCH HNG ................. 36
2.4.1 Nhn t khch quan ........................................................................................................ 36
 2

2.4.2 Nhn t ch quan ........................................................................................................... 38

CHNG 3 PHN TCH THC TRNG S HI LNG CA HC SINH VI
CHNG TRNH PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI ................................................. 40
3.1 GII THIU CHUNG V CHNG TRNH CHT LNG CAO BC PTTH H
NI .............................................................................................................................................. 40
3.1.1 c im kinh t x hi ca H Ni .............................................................................. 40
3.1.2 c im ca cc trng THPT ti H Ni ................................................................... 42
3.1.3 c im ca chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni......................................... 43
3.2 KIM NH TIN CY CC TIU CH V PHN TCH NHN T KHM PH 48
3.2.1 Gii thiu mu phiu iu tra ......................................................................................... 48
3.2.2 Kim nh tin cy ca cc tiu ch trong phiu iu tra ............................................ 53
3.2.3 Phn tch nhn t khm ph ........................................................................................... 55
3.3 PHN TCH THC TRNG S HI LNG CA HC SINH VI CHNG TRNH
PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI ................................................................................... 57
3.3.1 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi nng lc ca i ng gio vin trong
chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni ......................................................................... 57
3.3.2 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi ni dung chng trnh o to trong
chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni ....................................................................... 59
3.3.3 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi phng php ging dy ca chng trnh
PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni ............................................................................................ 62
3.3.4 Thc trng s hi lng i vi c im ca hc sinh trong chng trnh o to cht
lng cao bc THPT ti H Ni.............................................................................................. 64
3.3.5 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi c s vt cht ca chng trnh PTTH cht
lng cao ti H Ni ............................................................................................................... 65
3.3.6 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi hc ph v cc chi ph khc ca chng
trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni .................................................................................... 68
3.3.7 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi hc liu ca chng trnh PTTH cht
lng cao ti H Ni ............................................................................................................... 70
3.3.8 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi cc hot ng b tr ca chng trnh
PTTH cht lng cao trn a bn H Ni.............................................................................. 72
3.4 KT LUN CHUNG V S HI LNG CA HC SINH VI CHNG TRNH
PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI ................................................................................... 74
 3

3.4.1 nh gi chung v s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao
H Ni .................................................................................................................................. 74
3.4.2 Phn tch m hnh hi quy lm r vai tr ca cc yu t to nn s hi lng ca hc
sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni ................................................... 78
3.4.3 Nguyn nhn ca s cha hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng
cao ti H Ni .......................................................................................................................... 79
CHNG 4 XUT, KIN NGH NHM NNG CAO S HI LNG I VI
CHNG TRNH PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI ................................................. 82
4.1 PHNG HNG PHT TRIN CHNG TRNH PTTH CHT LNG CAO H
NI N 2020............................................................................................................................ 82
4.1.1 Mc tiu v nh hng pht trin kinh t - x hi n 2020 v tm nhn n nm 2030
ca H Ni ............................................................................................................................... 82
4.1.2 Mc tiu, phng hng pht trin chng trnh o to PTTH thnh ph H Ni
trong thi gian ti .................................................................................................................... 83
4.2 GII PHP NNG CAO S HI LNG CA HC SINH I VI CHNG TRNH
PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI ................................................................................... 85
4.2.1 Hon thin ni dung chng trnh o to..................................................................... 85
4.2.2 i mi v hon thin phng php ging dy ............................................................. 86
4.2.3 Nng cao nng lc cho i ng gio vin ...................................................................... 87
4.2.4 Pht trin v a dng ha cc hot ng b tr ............................................................. 88
4.2.5 Ci thin v nng cao c s vt cht .............................................................................. 88
4.2.6 Hon thin nhn cch hc sinh....................................................................................... 89
4.3 KIN NGH I VI THNH PH H NI ................................................................... 90
4.3.1 Kin ngh i vi UBND Thnh ph v cc S ban ngnh ........................................... 90
4.3.2 Kin ngh i vi cc c s gio dc bc THPT ........................................................... 92
KT LUN ................................................................................................................................... 95
TI LIU THAM KHO ........................................................................................................... 97
KT QU KIM NH THANG O ....................................................................................... 99
PL1. Kim nh nhn t i ng gio vin ............................................................................. 99
PL2. Kim nh nhn t Ni dung chng trnh o to ........................................................ 99
PL3. Kim nh nhn t Phng php ging dy .................................................................. 100
 4

PL4. Kim nh nhn t Hc sinh ......................................................................................... 100

PL5. Kim nh nhn t C s vt cht ................................................................................. 101
PL6. Kim nh nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc ........................................................... 101
PL7. Kim nh nhn t Hc liu .......................................................................................... 102
PL8. Kim nh nhn t Cc hot ng b tr ...................................................................... 102
PL9. Kim nh nhn t Tha mn chung ............................................................................. 103
PL10. Cc yu t phn nh nng lc i ng gio vin ....................................................... 103
PL11. Cc yu t phn nh Ni dung chng trinh o to ................................................. 104
PL12. Cc yu t phn nh Phng php ging dy ............................................................. 104
PL13. Cc yu t phn nh cht lng Hc sinh .................................................................. 104
PL14. Cc yu t phn nh C s vt cht ............................................................................ 105
PL15. Cc yu t phn nh Hc ph v cc chi ph khc ...................................................... 105
PL16. Cc yu t phn nh Hc liu ..................................................................................... 105
PL17. Cc yu t phn nh Hot ng b tr........................................................................ 105
PL18. Cc yu t phn nh Tha mn chung ........................................................................ 106
PL19. Kt qu phn tch nhn t khm ph ln 1 ..................................................................... 106
PL20. Kt qu phn tch nhn t khm ph ln 2 ..................................................................... 109
PL21. Kt qu hi quy bin TM theo 8 bin c lp ................................................................ 111
PH LC 2 ................................................................................................................................. 113
PHIU KHO ST HC SINH .............................................................................................. 113
PH LC 3 ................................................................................................................................. 120
PHIU PHNG VN PH HUYNH HC SINH ................................................................. 120
PH LC 4 ................................................................................................................................. 122
PHIU PHNG VN CHUYN GIA ..................................................................................... 122
 5

DANH MC BNG

Bng 2.1 Cc tiu ch o lng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht
lng cao H Ni................................................................................................................. 35

Bng 3.1 Ba trng THPT p dng m hnh o to cht lng cao trn a bn H Ni c
la chn tin hnh iu tra ................................................................................................. 48

Bng 3.2 T l hc sinh tham gia kho st theo gii tnh ....................................................... 49

Bng 3.3 S hc sinh v t l tham gia kho st theo c s gio dc ..................................... 50

Bng 3.4 S hc sinh v t l tham gia kho st theo khi lp ............................................... 51

Bng 3.5 S hc sinh v t l tham gia kho st theo quy m lp hc ...52

Bng 3.6 Kt qu kim nh thang o tin cy ................................................................... 54

Bng 3.7 Kt qu phn tch nhn t khm ph ....................................................................... 56

Bng 3.8 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t i ng gio vin .......................... 58

Bng 3.9 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Ni dung chng trnh o to ..... 61

Bng 3.10 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Phng php ging dy .............. 63

Bng 3.11 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc sinh ...................................... 64

Bng 3.12 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t C s vt cht ............................. 67

Bng 3.13 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc ........ 69

Bng 3.14 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc liu ....................................... 70

Bng 3.15 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Cc hot ng b tr ................... 73

Bng 3.16 Khong cch ca cc nhn t ................................................................................ 75

Bng 3.17 Bng kt qu hi quy ca bin TM theo 8 bin c lp........................................ 78

 6

DANH MC HNH V BIU

Hnh 1.1 S qu trnh nghin cu ...................................................................................... 13

Hnh 2.1 M hnh ch s hi lng khch hng ca M........................................................... 29

Hnh 2.2 M hnh nghin cu v s hi lng ca sinh vin ................................................... 31

Hnh 2.3 M hnh nghin cu v s hi lng ca sinh vin i vi chng trnh o to ti

khoa Qun tr kinh doanh i hc Hng Vng .................................................................... 32

Hnh 2.4 M hnh cc yu t nh hng n s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh

PTTH cht lng cao .............................................................................................................. 33

Biu 3.1 T l hc sinh tham gia kho st theo gii tnh ................................................... 50

Biu 3.2 T l hc sinh tham gia kho st theo c s gio dc ......................................... 51

Biu 3.3 T l hc sinh tham gia kho st theo khi lp ................................................... 52

Biu 3.4 T l tham gia kho st theo quy m lp hc ...................................................... 53

Biu 3.5 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t i ng gio vin...................... 59

Biu 3.6 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Ni dung chng trnh o to . 61

Biu 3.7 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Phng php ging dy ............ 63

Biu 3.8 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc sinh .................................... 65

Biu 3.9 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t C s vt cht ........................... 68

Biu 3.10 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc .... 68

Biu 3.11 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc liu ................................... 71

Biu 3.12 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Cc hot ng b tr............... 74

Biu 3.13 Khong cch gia cc nhn t .......................................................................... 76

Biu 3.14 Khong cch gia Thc trng v Mong i ca cc nhn t ........................... 77
 7

DANH MC VIT TT

STT T vit tt ngha

1 CLC Cht lng cao
2 CSVC C s vt cht
3 DNGV i ng gio vin
4 GD&T Gio dc v o to
5 GD-T Gio dc o to
6 HCM H Ch Minh
7 HDBT Hot ng b tr
8 HL Hc liu
9 HP Hc ph
10 HS Hc sinh
11 NDCT Ni dung chng trnh
13 PPGD Phng php ging dy
14 PTCS Ph thng c s
15 PTTH Ph thng trung hc
16 THCS Trung hc c s
12 THPT Trung hc ph thng
17 TM Tha mn
18 TNCS Thanh nin cng sn
19 TP Thnh ph
20 UBND y ban nhn dn
 8

CHNG 1

GII THIU CHUNG V TI NGHIN CU

1.1 S CN THIT CA TI
S nghip gio dc c xem l yu t then cht cho s tng trng v pht trin ca mt
quc gia. thi im hin ti, gio dc l mt trong cc lnh vc chim c s quan tm
nhiu nht ca ton x hi. Thng qua gio dc, mi c nhn c th nhn bit tim nng
ca mnh gp phn mang li li ch cho cng ng, cho t nc v hng ti mt cuc
sng c nhn y . nhiu quc gia trn th gii, gio dc c coi l mt quyn c
bn v tt yu, chnh v th ngnh gio dc lun c ch trng v u t rt cao. Vic
pht trin gio dc c cho rng s gip nng cao dn tr, o to nhn lc v gp phn
vo s pht trin bn vng ca kinh t x hi. Theo V trng V Gio dc Trung hc V
nh Chun, gio dc Vit Nam cn pht trin kp vi cc nc tin tin; s nghip pht
trin kinh t - x hi ca Vit Nam bc vo giai on mi, i hi gio dc phi i mi
nhm p ng. Chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi giai on 2011-2020 ca Vit
Nam xc nh: Tp trung i mi cn bn, ton din nn gio dc quc dn, gn kt cht
ch pht trin ngun nhn lc vi pht trin v ng dng khoa hc cng ngh.

Ti Vit Nam ni chung v H Ni ni ring, bc Trung hc ph thng ging dy cc mn

hc mang tnh ph thng, c bn vi mc tiu hnh thnh v pht trin c nn tng t
duy ca con ngi trong thi i mi, gip hc sinh cng c v pht trin nhng kt qu
ca gio dc trung hc c s, hon thin hc vn ph thng v nhng hiu bit thng
thng v k thut v hng nghip tip tc hc nhng bc hc cao hn hoc phc
v cho cng vic sau ny. Hin nay, nhiu trng trung hc ph thng cn t chc cc lp
chn, lp chuyn; mt s trng trung hc l Trng Chuyn, ch o to cc hc sinh
nng khiu. Ti H Ni, nhiu n v pht trin v nng cao cht lng gio dc o to
ang c nghin cu a vo thc tin. Trong k hp VII ca Hi ng Nhn dn
Thnh ph H Ni ph duyt n y mnh x hi ha gio dc v o to ca Thnh
ph H Ni, trong ly vic xy dng 30-35 c s gio dc theo m hnh cung ng dch
v cht lng cao lm trng tm, n nay thc hin th im 18 trng bao gm 12
trng trung hc ph thng cng lp v ngoi cng lp: H Ni - Amsterdam, Phan Huy
Ch, Phan nh Phng, Nguyn Siu, Nguyn Bnh Khim,
 9

Hu ht cc trng trung hc ph thng th im p dng m hnh cht lng cao u c

c s vt cht tng i tt, phng php, ni dung gio dc c nhiu i mi, cht lng
gio dc c tin b r nt, cht lng gio dc c tin b r nt, i ng gio vin chuyn
mn gii. Tuy nhin, cht lng ca cc chng trnh o to phi do nhng ngi s
dng dch v nh gi, m y chnh l hc sinh v ph huynh hc sinh (l ngi tr chi
ph cho con em h theo hc chng trnh trn. Trn thc t, ph huynh cn c nguyn
vng cho con em mnh c hc tp, rn luyn trong mi trng gio dc hin i, tin
tin v c cht lng cao ging nh nhng c s gio dc c yu t nc ngoi nhng c
chi ph ph hp hn. Nhiu ph huynh t ra rt quan tm n n xy dng chng trnh
o to cht lng cao bc trung hc ph thng bi y l bc hc quan trng trong vic
nh hng tng lai cho hc sinh. Tuy nhin, vn cn mt s lng khng nh ph
huynh cha hi lng v lo lng vo tng lai v s n nh ca cc chng trnh cht
lng cao nn quyt nh cho con mnh i du hc nc ngoi ngay t bc trung hc ph
thng khin cho ln sng du hc ngy cng pht trin. Hng nm trung bnh c hng nghn
hc sinh i du hc, iu ny ng ngha vi vic c hng t ng c chuyn ra nc
ngoi. Nhiu chuyn gia gio dc t ra cu hi lm th no cc chng trnh cht
lng cao ny l gii php cho s tin b ca ngnh gio dc th , p ng nhu cu hc
tp v pht trin ca hc sinh nhiu trnh khc nhau, cung ng ngun nhn lc
phc v s nghip cng nghip ha, hin i ha ca t nc v hn na l ngun lc
dnh cho gio dc o to PTTH c s dng hiu qu ngay ti Vit Nam.

Cc cng trnh nghin cu trc y c lin quan n s hi lng i vi cc chng trnh

o to cho thy mt s vn ng quan tm cn c gii quyt trit khng ch H
Ni m cn nhiu thnh ph khc trn c nc. Trong nghin cu Thc trng nn gio
dc Vit Nam v mt s gii php trong giai on hin nay, tc gi V Nguyn Khanh
ch ra rng gio dc l vn quc sch hng u v vai tr rt quan trng ca gio dc
nh hng n nhng th h tri thc Vit Nam. Thm vo l nhng mt cn tn ti ca
nn gio dc Vit Nam v vn c s h tng gio dc, yu km trong cht lng gio
dc, h thng gio dc nng v thi c v bnh thnh tch, vn ci cch gio dc, v
rt nhiu vn khc. Chnh v vy, tc gi xut nhng gii php c th ci thin
phn no nn gio dc hin nay, Chnh ph v Nh nc cn phi c s quan tm st sao
hn na, hn ch, gim thiu nhng vn tiu cc. Thm vo a ra cc n, chnh
sch mnh m hn thc y ci tin nng cao cht lng gio dc o to ngi dn Vit,
ng thi gip cho nn gio dc quc dn pht trin v vn xa hn na, o to ra nhng
th h gip ch cho t nc, gi vng truyn thng hiu hc tn ti lu i.
 10

Trn Xun Kin, trong lun vn nh gi s hi lng ca sinh vin v cht lng o to
ti Trng i hc Kinh t v Qun tr kinh doanh - i hc Thi Nguyn xc nh cc
thnh phn tc ng n s hi lng ca sinh vin v cht lng o to ca trng i
hc Kinh t v Qun tr kinh doanh, xy dng v nh gi cc thang o lng cc thnh
phn da trn m hnh cht lng dch v SERVQUAL. Phng php nghin cu c s
dng xy dng, o lng cc thang o v kim nh m hnh bao gm hai bc chnh:
nghin cu s b v nghin cu chnh thc. Kt qu nghin cu chnh thc c s ng
d phn tch, nh gi thang o lng cc thnh phn tc ng vo s hi lng ca sinh
vin thng qua h s tin cy Cronbach Alpha, phn tch nhn t EFA, kim nh m hnh
l thuyt v cc gi thuyt thng qua phn tch phng sai mt nhn t ANOVA. T y,
nhm nghin cu rt ra c kt lun l vi cc yu t nhn khu hc khc nhau th
mc hi lng cng khc nhau. y s l c s cho cc nh qun l , cc nh hoch nh
chin lc gio dc trong vic la chn cng c nh gi cht lng ph hp em li
hiu qu ti u trong gio dc v o to. V mt phng php nghin cu, nghin cu
ny gp phn vo h thng thang o cht lng dch v ni chung, cht lng o to ni
ring v s hi lng ca sinh vin bng cch b sung mt h thng thang o cht lng
dch v v s hi lng ca sinh vin.

Trong bi nghin cu S hi lng ca sinh vin chnh quy v cht lng dch v gio dc
ca trng i hc Kinh T Quc Dn ca inh Mai Phng, tc gi a ra kt lun rng
nhn chung sinh vin kh hi lng vi i ng gio vin ca trng Kinh T Quc Dn.
Phng php ging dy ca gio vin kh tt gip sinh vin d dng tip thu c bi
ging. i ng gio vin nhit tnh, sn sng gip sinh vin trong vic hc tp, gii p
cc thc mc ca sinh vin. V rt nhit tnh trong vic khuyn khch, gip sinh vin
trong vic lm nghin cu khoa hc. Song vn tn ti nhng im cha hi lng v cht
lng dch v gio dc ti trng. Bi nghin cu s dng M hnh ch s hi lng ca
khch hng (CSI Model), mt m hnh c ng dng rt rng ri, c bit cc nc
pht trin, nhng ni rt quan tm ti vn chm sc khch hng. u im ca m hnh
ny chnh l kh nng thch ng, kh nng chuyn i (bin i) ph hp vi tng loi
hnh dch v, tng c im ca tng nc khc nhau, hn hn so vi m hnh
SERVQUAL.

Sau thi gian tm hiu, kho st v nghin cu k lng cc nghin cu trc y, nhm
nghin cu nhn thy rng, cc nghin cu v chng trnh o to cht lng cao ti Vit
Nam hin nay cn cha nhiu, c bit l cc nghin cu chuyn su vo vn ny ti
cc qun ni thnh trn a bn H Ni li cng him hoi. Thm vo , nghin cu v s
 11

hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni l cha c.

Chnh v vy, sau khi tham kho cc ti trn, nhm nghin cu nhn thy s cn thit
trong vic thc hin ti nghin cu v s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh
PTTH cht lng cao H Ni nhm gp phn pht trin H Ni tr thnh thnh ph dn
u v tri thc vo nm 2020. T nhng l do thc tin trn, nhm nghin cu tin hnh
thc hin ti S hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao
ti H Ni, nhm gp phn nh b gip cc bn lin quan c ci nhn ton din v vn
ny a ra nhng gii php nhm nng cao s hi lng i vi vn nu trn ti H
Ni.

1.2 MC TIU NGHIN CU

ti nghin cu nhm thc hin cc mc tiu sau:

- Lm r nhng tiu ch o lng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht

lng cao H Ni.

- Phn tch thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao
H Ni.

- a ra kin ngh v gii php nng cao s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh
THPT cht lng cao H Ni.

1.3 CU HI NGHIN CU
Nhm thc hin c cc mc tiu nu trn, ti cn tr li c 3 cu hi nghin
cu tng ng:

- Nhng tiu ch no c s dng o lng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng

trnh PTTH cht lng cao?

- Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni nh
th no? Mc hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao hin
nay ra sao?

- Lm th no nng cao s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng

cao hin nay?
 12

1.4 PHM VI NGHIN CU

- i tng nghin cu: S hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng
cao 3 trng THPT cng lp cht lng cao hin nay ti H Ni: THPT H Ni -
Amsterdam, THPT Phan Huy Ch, THPT Phan nh Phng.

* L do la chn 3 trng THPT nu trn:

L 3 trong nhng trng THPT u tin c thnh ph H Ni u t th im
chng trnh o to cht lng cao v mi mt t ni dung ging dy n c s vt
cht.

L 3 trng im ca ni thnh H Ni c kinh nghim trong vic thc hin cc

chng trnh o to mi trc khi c p dng rng ri trn phm vi ton thnh
ph.

- i tng iu tra: Ngi c tham kho kin bao gm hc sinh, ph huynh hc sinh
v gio vin, cc chuyn gia trc tip tham gia vo qun l chng trnh o to cht lng
cao ti 03 trng THPT nu trn.

- Ni dung ti: Tp trung nghin cu s hi lng i vi chng trnh o to cht

lng cao cc trng THPT trn a bn H Ni nhn t gc ca hc sinh, phu huynh
v nhng ngi c lin quan. C th l phn tch khong cch gia mong i ca hc sinh
v ph huynh i vi chng trnh o to cht lng cao vi thc trng m hc sinh nhn
c.

- Thi gian nghin cu: T thng 12/2013 n thng 04/2014.

- a im: THPT H Ni - Amsterdam, THPT Phan Huy Ch, THPT Phan nh Phng.
 13

1.5 PHNG PHP NGHIN CU

1.5.1 S qu trnh nghin cu

L thuyt v s hi lng
i vi hng ho dch v
c im ca chng
trnh PTTH cht lng cao
Tiu ch o lng s hi lng
ca hc sinh i vi chng
trnh PTTH cht lng cao

c im v mc tiu pht
trin chng trnh PTTH
cht lng cao ti H Ni iu tra bng
Phng vn
bng hi

Kim nh tin cy
v phn tch thc trng
s hi lng

Phn tch m hnh Nhng im hi

hi quy xc nh lng, cha hi
mc tc ng lng & nguyn
ca cc yu t nhn

GII PHP

Hnh 1.1 S qu trnh nghin cu

Ngun: Nhm Nghin cu

1.5.2 Phng php thu thp d liu

ti nghin cu thu thp c ngun thng tin s cp v thng tin th cp.

* Thng tin th cp (d liu thu thp t nm 2010 tr li y) lin quan n ti nghin

cu, c th l t n pht trin chng trnh cht lng cao ca thnh ph H Ni, cc
 14

bo co nh k ca S Gio dc v o to H Ni v ca cc trng THPT th im

chng trnh cht lng cao, thu thp cc thng tin lin quan n chng trnh cht
lng cao ca cc trng THPT H Ni.

* Thng tin s cp c thu thp t cc phng php thu thp thng tin trc tip, bao
gm phng vn su v iu tra kho st nhm thu thp c thng tin a chiu di nhiu
gc , quan im ca nhiu c nhn khc nhau v s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi
chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni

Phng php phng vn su: Nhm tin hnh phng vn 9 ph huynh hc sinh (mi
trng 3 ph huynh) v mong i v cm nhn ca h v dch v chng trnh o to
cht lng cao cc trng THPT, bng phng php gp mt v phng vn trc tip.
Bn cnh , nhm nghin cu cn phng vn 2 chuyn gia v thc trng s hi lng i
vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao, nguyn nhn ca nhng vn bt cp ang tn
ti chng trnh o to ny v gi gii php gip ci thin v nng cao s hi lng i
vi chng trnh o to nu trn, bng cch gp mt trc tip ti c quan cng tc ca h.
Cc chuyn gia gm c:

+ B Nghim Hng Hong, nguyn Ph Hiu trng trng THPT Phan Huy Ch.

+ ng L Ngc Quang, Ph Gim c S Gio dc v o to H Ni.

Phng php iu tra kho st: Nhm nghin cu tin hnh pht 180 mu phiu iu tra
ti cc hc sinh ang theo hc ti cc trng THPT trn a bn H Ni, bng phng
php gp mt v pht phiu trc tip ti cc trng hc, bn xe but thuc phm vi nghin
cu. Sau khi ngi tham gia kho st hon thnh phiu, nhm nghin cu tin hnh thu
phiu ngay hoc hn thi gian thu phiu. a im pht phiu kho st c th l:

+ Trng THPT chuyn H Ni - Amsterdam (qun Cu Giy): trc cng trng, ti cc

bn xe but, bi gi xe gn khu vc trng.

+ Trng THPT Phan Huy Ch (qun ng a): trc cng trng, ti cc bn xe but,
khu vc gi xe gn khu vc trng.

+ Trng THPT Phan nh Phng (qun Ba nh): trc cng trng, ti cc bn xe but,
khu vc gi xe gn khu vc trng.

1.5.3 Phng php phn tch s liu

Nhm nghin cu x l s liu bng phn mm Excel, SPSS 16.0, c th nh sau:
 15

- Kim nh tin cy Reliability Test: nhm xc nh xem d liu thu thp c c ng

tin cy hay khng theo h s alpha ().

- Phn tch nhn t khm ph EFA: nhm tm ra cc nhn t c gi tr trong thang o lng
s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni.

- Phn tch, so snh Means v tm ra khong cch gia Means Thc trng v Means Mong
i: nh gi s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti 3
trng THPT H Ni

- S dng m hnh hi quy a bin: xc nh mc nh hng ca tng nhn t n

s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni.

1.6 KT CU TI
Chng 1: Gii thiu chung v ti nghin cu

Chng 2: C s l lun v chng trnh o to bc PTTH v s hi lng ca khch

hng

Chng 3: Phn tch thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh vi chng trnh PTTH cht
lng cao H Ni

Chng 4: xut, kin ngh nhm nng cao s hi lng i vi chng trnh PTTH cht
lng cao H Ni
 16

CHNG 2

C S L LUN V CHNG TRNH O TO BC PTTH

V S HI LNG CA KHCH HNG

2.1 BN CHT S HI LNG CA KHCH HNG

2.1.1 Khi nim v vai tr s hi lng ca khch hng
S hi lng ca khch hng l tm trng hoc cm gic ca khch hng v mt sn phm
v dch v khi s mong i ca h c tha mn hay c p ng vt mc trong sut
vng i ca sn phm hay dch v. Khch hng t c s tha mn s c c lng
trung thnh v tip tc mua sn phm ca cng ty.

Theo Tse v Wilton (1988), s hi lng l s phn ng ca ngi tiu dng i vi vic
c lng s khc nhau gia mong mun trc v s th hin thc s ca sn phm
nh l s chp nhn sau khi dng n.

Theo Oliver (1997), s hi lng l phn ng ca ngi tiu dng i vi vic c p

ng nhng mong mun. nh ngha ny c hm rng s tha mn chnh l s hi lng
ca ngi tiu dng trong vic tiu dng sn phm hoc dch v d n p ng nhng
mong mun ca h, bao gm c mc p ng trn mc mong mun v di mc mong
mun.

Theo Kotler (2012) th s hi lng l mc ca trng thi cm gic ca mt ngi bt

ngun t vic so snh kt qu thu c t sn phm, dch v vi nhng k vng ca ngi
. K vng y c xem l c mong hay mong i ca con ngi. N bt ngun t
nhu cu c nhn, kinh nghim trc v thng tin bn ngoi nh qung co, thng tin
truyn ming ca bn b, gia nh...

Nh vy, s hi lng ca khch hng v sn phm dch v chnh l s tha mn ca khch

hng khi s dng sn phm dch v - n l hm s ca s khc bit gia kt qu nhn
c v k vng. Khch hng c th c cm nhn mt trong ba mc hi lng sau: Nu
kt qu thc hin km hn so vi k vng th khch hng s khng hi lng. Nu kt qu
thc hin tng xng vi k vng th khch hng s hi lng. Nu kt qu thc t vt qu
s mong i th khch hng rt hi lng v thch th.

S hi lng ca khch hng v sn phm v dch v bao gm cc c im:

 17

- L mt hot ng tm l, kch thch ny sinh ca khch hng khi tip nhn sn phm
hoc s phc v cng vi cc thng tin ca n.

- Lun lun thay i theo thi gian khi c s tc ng ca cc yu t khch quan.

- c tc ng bi c im ca sn phm dch v ca nh cung cp.

Vai tr s hi lng ca khch hng

S hi lng ca khch hng v sn phm dch v ng mt vai tr rt quan trng i vi
cc bn cung cp sn phm dch v bao gm vic gia tng s trung thnh, tng trng li
nhun v xy dng lng tin. to c s hi lng ca khch hng v sn phm v dch
v, ngy nay cc cng ty u ra sc gi khch hng ca mnh, h u vp phi mt thc t
l chi ph thu ht mt khch hng mi c th gp nm ln chi ph gi mt khch hng c
lun hi lng, v n i hi nhiu cng sc v chi ph lm cho khch hng ang hi lng
t b nhng ngi cung ng l i th cnh tranh. Khch hng quen thuc s mua nhiu
sn phm hn v s mang li nhiu ngun kinh doanh hn nh vic h gii thiu cho
nhng ngi khc v sn phm ny. V vy, nu s trung thnh ca khch hng l ch m
nh cung cp mun nhm ti th nh cung cp phi bt u bng vic tm hiu v nhng g
c th em li gi tr cho khch hng v th trng. Theo kin ca Reichheld vs Sasser
th cc cng ty c th tng li nhun t 25% n 85% bng cch gim t l khch hng b
i 5%. Mt cch gi khch hng tt nht l m bo mc tha mn ca khch hng cao
nhm to lng trung thnh t khch hng. Khi i th cnh tranh s kh c th khc
phc c nhng ro cn chi ph n thun bng cch cho gi thp hn hay nhng bin
php kch thch chuyn sang ngi cung ng khc. S hi lng hay thch th ca khch
hng s to ra s trung thnh cao ca khch hng. Bn cnh , s hi lng cn lm
cho khch hng li cng lu vi cng ty, cng lm cho gi tr ca khch hng cng tng,
bi khch hng s mua nhiu hn, t nhy cm vi gi hn, nh cng ty s gi vng
c th phn, gim chi ph v tng li nhun cao hn. Bng cch khm ph ra c
nhng g khch hng mun, nh cung cp c th hiu c dch v v sn phm ca h
cung cp c gi tr nh th no i vi khch hng. Mt dng c n gin l lm cc cuc
iu tra v vic p ng nhu cu khch hng v phn tch cc kin ca khch hng.
Nghin cu ny s em li cho nh cung cp mt ci nhn su rng hn v nhng nhc
im ca h trong dch v v phn phi sn phm ca h. S hi lng ca khch hng cn
l cng c Marketing rt hiu qu em li khch hng mi cho cng ty nh to thm uy
tn, tng li th cnh tranh, l phng thc qung co tt nht cho cng ty. Mt khc, s
 18

hi lng ca khch hng cn em li ng lc khuyn khch nhn vin phc v khch hng
tt hn v lm vic hiu qu hn.

2.1.2 Phn loi s hi lng ca khch hng

S hi lng ca khch hng c phn loi nhiu gc khc nhau:

*Cn c vo phn ng tinh thn khi nhu cu ca khch hng c p ng

- S tha mn: th hin thi khoan dung v nhn c sn phm.

- S vui v: th hin cc sn phm c th cung cp cho mi ngi mt tri nghim
tch cc.
- S gii thot: th hin cc sn phm c th loi b tnh trng tiu cc ca ngi
dn.
- S mi l: th hin mt sn phm cung cp cho ngi dn c rt nhiu s hng th
v mi l.
- S ngc nhin: th hin sn phm lm cho mi ngi hnh phc v bt ng.

Cc trng thi u l s hi lng ca khch hng nhng li c s khc bit rt ln.

*Cn c vo cc tng lp khch nhau ca h thng kinh doanh tiu th

- S hi lng vi doanh nghip: y l nh gi ch quan ca khch hng v gc

kinh doanh , tnh hnh hot ng v tt c cc li ch thu c t doanh nghip.
- S hi lng vi h thng bn hng: y l nh gi ch quan ca khch hng v h
thng bn hng , tnh hnh hot ng v tt c cc li ch thu c t cc hot ng
ny. V d, qung co c r rng hay khng? Ca hng tiu th c sun s hay
khng? Lm th no v vic ng gi, lm th no v vic ghi nhn?
- S hi lng vi sn phm/dch v: y l nh gi ch quan ca khch hng v mt
sn phm hay dch v c th v nhng li ch m h cung cp.
- S hi lng vi nhn vin: y l nh gi ca khch hng v tin cy, kh nng
phn ng , tnh linh hot ca i ng nhn vin ca doanh nghip khi h lin h vi
khch hng.
- S hi lng vi hnh nh v mi trng: y l nhn thc v nh gi ca khch
hng v mi trng , khng kh lin quan n s dng sn phm hoc dch v.

Trong cc phng din hi lng ca khch hng th s hi lng v sn phm v dch v l

c bn nhng cng khng v th m coi nh nhng kin nhn xt nh gi ca khch
hng v cc phng din khc.
 19

*Cn c vo giai on pht trin khc nhau trong qu trnh mua

- S hi lng trc khi mua: trc khi mua, thng qua qung co, hot ng tip th
tip xc trc tip hoc tip xc gin tip vi sn phm, khch hng s c nh gi
c hay khng hi lng vi gi tr sn phm.
- S hi lng ca mua hng: trong qu trnh mua ngi tiu dng c s so snh v la
chn gia cc loi sn phm khc nhau, v sau h a ra kin v s hi lng
ca h vi sn phm.
- S hi lng ca vic s dng: v vic s dng v tiu th sn phm, khch hng s
c kin ch quan v sn phm lin quan n mong mun ca h v cam kt sn
xut.
- S hi lng sau khi s dng: sau khi mt sn phm hay dch v c s dng,
khch hng s cung cp kin v mc gi m h phi tr sau khi s dng, nh
hng n mi trng v x hi.

2.1.3 Cc yu t cu thnh s hi lng ca khch hng

2.1.3.1 S k vng ca khch hng
Trc khi s dng cc sn phm/dch v, khch hng thit lp cc tiu chun chc chn
sn phm cn phi c, t hnh thnh k vng cho sn phm. V vic s dng sn
phm/dch v, khch hng s kim tra cht lng thc t ca sn phm/dch v so vi k
vng tiu chun a ra mc hi lng sn phm. Nu sn phm/dch v thc t p
ng s mong i ban u ca khch hng, h s cm thy hi lng. Nu sn phm/dch v
thc t vt qu mong i, h cm thy rt hi lng. Ngc li, nu hiu qu thc t sn
phm dch v khng t c s k vng, h s phn nn thm ch bt mn, dn ti vic
khng s dng sn phm hoc dch v ny mt ln na. S mong i ca khch hng b
nh hng ch yu bi cc yu t sau y:

- Thuc tnh sn phm: bao gm c thuc tnh cn thit v y . Thuc tnh quan trng
l cc thuc tnh m khch hng mong mun v cn trong mt sn phm/dch v. i vi
nhng thuc tnh m sn phm/dch v t nhin t c theo mt tiu chun nht nh,
nu khng t c, khch hng s khng th hin s tin tng v tha mn; nu sn
phm/dch v c thc hin khin khch hng cm thy tt hn cng coi l bnh thng.
Thuc tnh y m khch hng khng bao gi mun c c v thm ch lm cho h
ngc nhin v hi lng. V vy, nu sn phm khng c cc thuc tnh, s khng c bt k
tc ng tiu cc. Tuy nhin, c nhng thuc tnh ny s to ra mt tc ng tch cc,
nng cao s hi lng ca khch hng vi sn phm/dch v. Thuc tnh cn thit v y
 20

ca sn phm khng c nh v khng thay i nhng nhu cu khch hng lin tc thay
i v vy nhng thuc tnh cng cn c thay i. Mt trong nhng thuc tnh y
ca cc nm trc c th tr thnh thuc tnh quan trng ca nm nay.

- Yu t Marketing: y l cch m cng ty s dng tip th sn phm/dch v, phng

php tip cn khch hng nh hng n s mong i ca khch hng i vi sn
phm/dch v. Lm tip th v sn phm/dch v s dn n s k vng ca khch hng
vt qu hiu qu thc t ca sn phm, do cn phi lm cho khch hng khng ch
cm thy tt v sn phm m cn cm thy hi lng rng cng ty ni s tht. Nh vy,
cng ty s gia tng s tin tng ca khch hng. Tuy nhin, tip th ti k vng thp s
khng to ra sc hp dn ca sn phm.

- Yu t mi trng: Vn ha, nhng nh hng ca m ng, kinh nghim mua sm ca

nhng ngi khc l mt yu t quan trng nh hng n s hnh thnh k vng ca
khch hng. Nu thng hiu ca sn phm l tt, k vng khch hng s cao, nh vy h
s chp nhn d dng vi mt mc gi cao hn so vi cc sn phm khc.

2.1.3.2 Cm gic ca khch hng v sn phm/dch v

Trong qu trnh s dng sn phm/dch v, khch hng s c c cm gic v sn
phm/dch v, s so snh gia nhng k vng thc t v nhn thc s cho thy h c cm
thy hi lng hay khng. Cm gic thc t ca khch hng v sn phm/dch v c xy
dng trn c s nhn thc v cht lng sn phm/dch v v gi c ca sn phm/dch v.
Mi khch hng u c nhn thc v nhu cu khc nhau nn cm gic ca h v cht
lng cng khc nhau. Cht lng c cm nhn t pha khch hng da trn c s kinh
nghim thc t ca h vi sn phm/dch v . Cht lng sn phm/dch v thng
c nh gi trn cc kha cnh sau :
- Cc c tnh ca sn phm: im khc bit so vi i th cnh tranh.
- Cc gi tr sn phm: sn phm c li th hn cc sn phm/dch v cng loi, to
ra li th cnh tranh cho nh cung cp.
- Vic cung cp: th hin trong vic trin khai dch v, phong cch phc v.
- S hi lng: dch v c thit k p ng nhu cu ca khch hng, v vy cht
lng dch v p ng nhu cu khch hng v yu cu ca khch hng c
dng lm c s nng cao cht lng sn phm/dch v.
- Vic to ra gi tr: sn phm/dch v mang li gi tr cho khch hng.
2.1.3.3 Kh nng chp nhn gi ca khch hng
 21

Theo Cronin & Taylor (1992), khch hng khng nht thit phi mua cc sn phm/dch
v tt nht, h c th mua cc sn phm/dch v cung cp s hi lng hn. V vy, kh
nng chp nhn gi ca khch hng c th nh hng n mc hi lng, mc d n
khng nh hng n cht lng sn phm/dch v.

Gi c l iu m ngi mua phi tr tin c mt sn phm/dch v mong mun. Khch

hng s cm nhn v gi c da trn hai im: chi ph tin thanh ton v chi ph c hi
bng cch s dng s tin mua mt sn phm/dch v. Gi c ca sn phm/dch v
ph thuc vo nhiu yu t nh sau:

- S tng quan gia gi c v cht lng m khch hng nhn c.

- Gi c ca sn phm/dch v ca cng ty so vi i th cnh tranh.
- Gi so snh vi k vng ca khch hng.

2.2 C IM V VAI TR CA CHNG TRNH O TO BC PTTH

2.2.1 Dch v o to v c im chng trnh o to PTTH
Gio dc o to (Education) theo ngha chung l hnh thc hc tp, theo kin thc, k
nng, v thi quen ca mt nhm ngi c truyn t th h ny sang th h khc thng
qua ging dy, o to, hay nghin cu. Gio dc thng din ra di s hng dn ca
ngi khc, nhng cng c th thng qua t hc. Bt c tri nghim no c nh hng
ng k ln cch m ngi ta suy ngh, cm nhn, hay hnh ng u c th c xem l
c tnh gio dc. Gio dc thng c chia thnh cc giai on nh gio dc mm
non, gio dc tiu hc, gio dc trung hc, gio dc ph thng v gio dc i hc

Trong nhng nm u i hc, trng tm thng xoay quanh vic pht trin k nng c bn
v c v vit v k nng giao tip gia cc c nhn vi nhau nhm thc y kh nng hc
nhng k nng v mn hc phc tp hn. Sau khi c c nhng kh nng c bn ny,
gio dc thng ch trng n vic gip cho cc c nhn c c nhng kin thc v k
nng cn thit nhm tng cng kh nng to ra gi tr v kh nng lm vic kim sng
cho mnh. Tha mn s t m c nhn v mong mun pht trin c nhn nng cao trnh
m khng cn phi c l do c th lin quan n ngh nghip cng l nhng l do ph
bin khin ngi ta theo ui gio dc v n trng.

Gio dc thng c xem l phng tin gip tt c mi ngi vt qua nghch cnh, t
c s cng bng tt hn, v c c ca ci v a v x hi. Ngi hc cng c th b
thc y bi s quan tm ca mnh n ch mn hc hay k nng c th m h ang
c gng hc hi. M hnh gio dc ngi hc - trch nhim c thc y bi s quan tm
 22

ca ngi hc n ch s c hc. Gio dc cng thng c coi nh l ni tr em

c th pht trin theo nhng nhu cu v tim nng c th, c mc ch gip mi c nhn
pht trin trn vn tim nng ca mnh.

Ngy nay qu trnh gio dc l qu trnh tc ng c mc ch, c h thng ca gio dc

nc nh n i tng gio dc thng qua vic t chc cc hot ng a dng vi ni
dung, hnh thc, phng php gio dc ph hp. o to gio dc bc PTTH l mt trong
nhng bc o to ch yu, nng ct, ng vai tr quan trng trong qu trnh pht trin
kin thc, ng thi hnh thnh cho hc sinh nhng phm cht ca ngi cng dn theo
yu cu ca x hi, ca thi i.

Trung hc ph thng l mt bc trong h thng gio dc Vit Nam hin nay, cao hn
tiu hc, trung hc c s v thp hn cao ng v i hc. Trung hc ph thng ko di 3
nm (t lp 10 n lp 12). Trng trung hc ph thng l mt loi hnh o to chnh
quy Vit Nam, dnh cho la tui t 15 ti 18, khng k mt s trng hp c bit.
tt nghip bc hc ny, hc sinh phi vt qua k thi tt nghip Trung hc ph thng vo
cui nm hc lp 12. Sau khi tt nghip, hc sinh c nhn bng Tt nghip Ph thng
trung hc.

Trng trung hc ph thng c lp ti nhiu a phng trn c nc. Ngi ng u

mt ngi trng c gi l "Hiu Trng". Trng chu s qun l trc tip ca S Gio
dc v o to (tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng), quy ch hot ng do B Gio
dc v o to ban hnh.

Trng THPT Cng Lp l trng do Nh nc (Trung ng hoc a phng) u t v

kinh ph v c s vt cht (t ai, nh ca) v hot ng ch yu bng kinh ph t cc
ngun ti chnh cng hoc cc khon ng gp t nguyn.

Trng THPT Dn Lp l trng t tc kinh ph hot ng, khng c ti tr bi ngn

sch Nh nc. Vic tuyn sinh, o to vn tun theo quy ch ca B GD&T, vn bng
c gi tr tng ng nh vn bng trng cng lp. Do t ch v ti chnh nhiu trng
dn lp, t thc hin nay c c s h tng rt khang trang, thit b dng c dy hc c
u t nng cp hin i, ph hp vi xu th pht trin ca x hi. Trong khi , trng
cng lp, mi vic phi ch Nh nc u t kinh ph nn mt s trng c s h tng
c, lc hu v cha c ci to.
 23

Trng THPT Bn Cng l trng do Nh nc thnh lp v c cp php hot ng,

c u t kinh ph t hai ngun chnh: mt phn l do Nh nc (Trung ng hoc a
phng), mt phn l do ph huynh hc sinh ng gp kinh ph u t c s vt cht.

Vai tr ca cc chng trnh o to PTTH

Gio dc l mt trong nhng cng c mnh nht m chng ta c trong tay sng to nn
tng lai (Jacques DoLoss, 1995).

Nn gio dc l nt ch o ca mi chnh sch gio dc trong nhng nm ti ti cc nc

cng nghip pht trin cng nh cc nc ang pht trin, v vy vai tr ca cc chng
trnh o to PTTH li cng tr nn rt quan trng. y l mt cp hc, cp o to ng
vai tr ch cht. Chng trnh phi to c s kt ni, tng hp c kin thc m hc
sinh theo hc t cp tiu hc v ph thng c s, cung cp cho hc sinh nhng nn tng
tri thc n nh, vng chc, c tnh nh hng cao, khng ch nhm mc ch o to cho
hc sinh nhng cng vic c th m cn trang b cho h thch ng vi nhiu loi ngh
nghip khc nhau, nh mt cu ni nhm hng ti bc hc i hc sau .

Chng trnh o to cht lng cao s l mt bc khi u mi song cng mang nhng
vai tr quan trng cho nn gio dc nc nh. Chng trnh o to cht lng cao c
thit k hin i theo hng chun quc t, i su u t vo i mi ni dung chng
trnh o to, phng php ging dy v cc hot ng b tr nhm gip pht trin th h
hc sinh c ton din hn. Ngoi ra, y cng c th s l mt chng trnh thu ht
c s ch t cc du hc sinh nc ngoi theo hc, t th hin c tm pht trin,
trnh ca mt quc gia.

Trong mt cng trnh nghin cu ng dng vo thc tin v nhng u tin v chin lc
cho gio dc, mt chuyn gia v ngn hng th gii c kt lun: u t vo gio dc
s tch lu vn con ngi, l cha kho thay th s tng trng kinh t v tng thu nhp.
Gio dc, c bit l gio dc c bn cng gp phn lm gim i ngho, nh tng nng
sut lao ng ca tng lp lao ng ngho, gim sinh v tng cng sc kho, gip mi
ngi cng c c hi tham gia y v hot ng x hi v pht trin kinh t (Ngn
hng th gii, 1997).

T nhng quan im trn chng ta c th thy rng, s nghip gio dc o to c v tr

quan trng v c vai tr ht sc to ln trong qu trnh pht trin kinh t x hi ca mi t
nc cng nh trn ton th gii. Mt x hi c gio dc tt l x hi da trn tr thc,
 24

pht huy c mi tim nng ca con ngi, nhng con ngi t duy sng to, nng ng
lun lun t iu chnh v pht trin.

Cng ging nh cc sn phm dch v khc, chng trnh o to cng l mt sn

phm/dch v c cung cp cho khch hng v nhm p ng nhu cu ca khch hng.
Khc vi sn phm dch v tiu dng thng thng, hc sinh chnh l nhng khch hng
trc tip s dng chng trnh o to nhng ph huynh li l ngi tr chi ph cho dch
v , cn gio vin v cc c quan qun l chnh l nhng ngi s tc ng n chng
trnh o to.

2.2.2 Cc loi chng trnh o to PTTH

Chng trnh o to l mt qu trnh chuyn ha nhng chun mc x hi thnh hnh vi,
thi quen, thnh phm cht nhn cch ca hc sinh. Bn cht ca cc chng trnh o to
chnh l vic t chc hp l hot ng cho th h tr bng nhng tc ng c mc ch, c
h thng gip cho th h tr t nh hng gi tr, chuyn i thc thi ng, hnh vi
ph hp vi chun mc x hi.

Chng trnh o to bc PTTH l mt sn phm o to, c mc ch r rng l vic

nh hng cc gi tr x hi cho hc sinh. Chng trnh o to PTTH gm cc loi hnh
nh chng trnh PTTH truyn thng, chng trnh PTTH quc t, chng trnh PTTH
chuyn nng khiu, v gn y nht, theo d n mi ca B Gio dc v o to l
chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao Mc ch gio dc trong cc nh trng nhm o
to th h tr, o to ngun nhn lc phc v cho s pht trin kinh t, vn ha x hi
theo yu cu ca t nc. Khch hng y chnh l hc sinh, ph huynh l ngi tr chi
ph (phn no c coi l khch hng), cn gio vin l yu t to ra chng trnh khi
ni n nng lc chuyn mn, k nng dy hc v phong cch thi ging dy. Nhng
gio vin cng l khch hng ca chng trnh o to nu xem xt kha cnh l ngi s
dng chng trnh o to; v nh cung cp chnh l cc c s o to m c th l cc
trng PTTH.

Chng trnh o to truyn thng l chng trnh tun theo nhng tiu ch, tiu chun
ca B Gio dc v o to, sau khi hc sinh thi tuyn k thi tt nghip PTCS, bc sang
bc hc PTTH c hc cc mn hc bng ting vit bao gm 13 mn.

Chng trnh o to quc t l nhng chng trnh gio dc c s lin kt vi cc t

chc gio dc nc ngoi nhm mang li mt chng trnh theo xu hng quc t, hc
sinh hc tp trong mi trng hin i, gip pht trin k nng ngoi ng tt hn.
 25

Chng trnh o to cht lng cao l chng trnh bc u giai on tin hnh. y l
chng trnh kt hp da trn nhiu yu t hin i v truyn thng, tip thu nhng
mn hc c th mang tnh nn tng ca chng trnh gio dc truyn thng, thit k b
sung thm nhng mn hc mang tnh quc t cao nh nhng mn hc bng Ting Anh v
song song vi n l cc hot ng b tr nhm gip hc sinh c pht trin mt cch
ton din nht.

2.2.3 Cc yu t cu thnh chng trnh o to PTTH

Theo TS. L c Lun (Trng i hc S phm, i hc Nng), gio dc ph thng
l bc hc o to nn tng c bn, l tin cho nhng bc hc cao hn nh i hc,
ng thi phn no gio dc v nh hng cho hc sinh trong tng lai. Cht lng gio
dc ph thng phn nh cht lng gio dc, th hin chin lc v con ngi ca mt
quc gia. V vy, cht lng gio dc ni chung v cht lng gio dc ph thng ni
ring l vn trn tr ca mi quc gia. Nhng nng cao cht lng gio dc THPT
khng phi l vn n gin, n cn c qu trnh v chin lc pht trin ng n.

Yu t cu thnh chng trnh o to PTTH

- i ng gio vin: Cu tc ng Khng thy my lm nn cho n nay vn cn
nguyn gi tr. Cht lng ngi thy quyt nh cht lng gio dc. Hin nay, cc
trng hc, s lng gio vin khng nhiu, nhiu ni cn cha tn dng c ht i
ng gio vin ny.

- Hc sinh: Hc sinh l ngi trc tip c o to v vy c rt nhiu kha cnh lin

quan n hc sinh nh cht lng u vo, cc tiu ch nh gi hc sinh, nh hng,
mc tiu ca hc sinh. Yu t u ra ca hc sinh rt quan trng bi v t c th nh
gi c cht lng ca mt chng trnh o to.

- Ni dung chng trnh o to: y l yu t cn c cn nhc u tin i vi bt k

chng trnh o to no: ni dung hc g, thit k nh th no, c ph hp vi hc sinh
khng, Nu yu t ny khng c u t hc hi, tm hiu chuyn su th s dn n
vic nh hng ti rt nhiu yu t khc.

- Phng php ging dy: Phng php ging dy l vn khng hong hin nay. Hin
nay, phn ln trong cc trng ph thng vn l cch dy truyn thng. Gio vin ch c
sch gio khoa, son vo bi ging ca mnh ri ln c, ch cn c gio trnh ca tc gi
m gio vin tng hp hoc ch quan l hc sinh hc thm ngoi ri nn dy lt
 26

qua. Chnh cch dy ny lm cho hc sinh li li vo thy c, ch bit hc trn lp,

khng bit hc g nh, hc bi ging ca thy c l , khi kim tra ai vit ng thy
th c im cao. Lm sao hc sinh tm c con ng n bi ging nh gio vin
lm khi chun b bi ging ca mnh v c nhng ci pht hin khc thy c, l s
thnh cng ca phng php dy hc ph thng. Hc ph thng khng phi hc mt khi
lng kin thc ln, s trong sch gio khoa, m l hc hiu, thc hnh v c
phng php lm vic, phng php t duy ng.

- C s vt cht: C s vt cht khng ch l c s h tng, trng lp khang trang m

quan trng l b phn c s vt cht phc v cho ging dy v hc tp. Th vin, phng
th nghim v thit b gio c trc quan l c s vt cht chuyn mn trong nh trng,
quan trng l cht lng u t sch, trang thit b, my mc phc v cho vic dy v hc.

- Hc ph v cc chi ph khc: y l yu t kh nhy cm ca mi chng trnh v l

vn ng quan tm nht, cn cn nhc k nht i vi mi ph huynh hc sinh. Khng
phi hc ph thp th ng ngha vi cht lng gio dc o to km, hay hc ph cao th
cht lng tt hn.

- Hc liu: Yu t ny nh mt cng c h tr kh cn thit cho nn gio dc hin ti. Cc

ti liu hc tp hnh nh sng ng s gip cho hc sinh nhanh tip thu bi ging hn,
phc v qu trnh t hc tp sng to, gip hc sinh pht trin nhanh v nhy hn. T
cht lng chng trnh o to mi c th c nng cao.

- Cc hot ng b tr: Cc hot ng b tr chnh l cc hot ng ngoi kha din ra

ngoi gi ln lp: cc hot ng th thao, vn ngh, cc hot ng x hi, tnh nguyn,...
Nhim v ca nh trng khng ch l cung cp y kin thc c bn, nn tng nm
trong sch gio khoa m cn gip hc sinh rn luyn, tu dng o c, nhn cch
cng nh cc k nng cn thit cho cuc sng sau ny.

2.2.4 c im ca hc sinh bc PTTH

V c bn, chng trnh o to bc PTTH c nhng im khc vi cc bc o to
khc nh PTCS v i hc. Theo qu trnh o to chun th mt hc sinh s theo hc t
PTCS n PTTH v sau l i hc.

i vi hc sinh cp hc ph thng c s, tui ang thuc giai on thiu nin, vic

hc tp phc tp hn, l mt bc ngoc quan trng trong i sng ca cc em. Hc sinh
THCS chuyn sang nghin cu c h thng nhng c s ca cc khoa hc, hc tp c phn
 27

mn Mi mn hc gm nhng khi nim, nhng quy lut c sp xp thnh mt h

thng tng i su sc, i hi hc sinh phi t gic v c lp. cp hc ny, gio vin
vn p dng phng php thy c tr chp. Nhiu mn hc vi cc gio vin khc nhau
to khong cch khng nh gia gio vin v hc sinh, s thay i ny to ra nhng kh
khn nht nh cho cc em, nhng n cng to iu kin cho hc sinh tch ly dn kinh
nghim t gic v hiu ngi khc.

Khc vi hc sinh cp PTCS, hc sinh bc PTTH tui v thnh nin, l giai on pht
trin bt u t lc dy th v kt thc khi bc vo tui ngi ln. Tui v thnh nin th
hin tnh cht phc tp v nhiu mt ca hin tng, n c gii hn hai mt: sinh l v
tm l . y l vn kh khn v phc tp v khng phi lc no nhp iu v cc giai
on ca s pht trin tm sinh l cng trng hp vi cc thi k trng thnh v mt x
hi. C ngha l s trng thnh v mt th cht, nhn cch tr tu, nng lc lao ng s
khng trng hp vi thi gian pht trin ca la tui. i vi vic hc tp trng, hc
tp vn l hot ng ch o nhng tnh cht v mc pht trin theo hng phc tp v
c cng cao hn hn so vi hc sinh bc PTCS i hi hc sinh THPT pi t gic, c
thi tch cc c lp mc cao hn, phi bit cch vn dng tri thc mt cch sng to.
Phng php ging dy ca gio vin cng thay i so vi cc cp hc trc, hc sinh
phi nghin cu bi hc trc khi n lp bi v gio vin s khng ging ton b ni
dung trong sch gio khoa. Hc sinh nghe ging v ghi chp li kin thc theo cch m
bn thn hiu, do tnh t gic v sng to rt quan trng v sau ny n c s lin quan
mt thit n thi quen, tinh thn hc tp khi hc sinh hc ln bc hc i hc. Nh trng
lc ny c ngha c bit quan trng v ni dung hc tp khng ch nhm trang b v
hon chnh tri thc m cn c tc dng hnh thnh th gii quan v nhn sinh quan cho cc
em. Vic gia nhp on TNCS HCM trong nh trng i hi cc em phi tch cc c
lp, sng to, phi c tnh nguyn tc, c tinh thn trch nhim, bit ph bnh v t ph
bnh.

Bc THPT ging nh mt chic cu ni ti bc i hc nhng gia hai bc hc ny cng

c nhng im khc nhau. Ln ti cp hc i hc, lc ny tui bc sang giai on
trng thnh, mi c nhn phi c trch nhim vi bn thn mnh, nhng suy ngh ca bn
thn cn phi chn chn hn, tm l c s thay i nhng ang i dn vo n nh. i vi
vic hc tp ti trng, chnh v nhng c im ca hc sinh nn mi trng hc tp
bc sang mt giai on hon ton khc. Gio vin khng cn st sao trong vic qun l
gi gic, thi gian hc tp trn lp v s ch ging nhng phn quan trng ch cht, cn li
hc sinh phi t hc, t nghin cu, t ghi chp. Chnh v s thay i nh th ny dn n
 28

trng hp hc sinh t bc PTTH ln bc i hc s cm thy qu khc bit v kh thch

nghi c trong mi trng ny. Chnh v vy bc PTTH l mt bc hc v cng quan
trng, nu c dy d, gio dc ng cch th sau khi ln cp hc cao hn hc sinh s
hon ton c kh nng thch ng.

2.3 M HNH NH GI S HI LNG CA HC SINH VI CHNG

TRNH PTTH
2.3.1 M hnh ch s hi lng ca khch hng
M hnh CSI (Customer Satisfaction Index) c s dng o lng s hi lng ca
khch hng i vi ngnh cng nghip, cc cng ty nhiu nc pht trin trn th gii.
S hi lng ca khch hng s tr thnh mt ti sn quan trng cho cc doanh nghip v
cc t chc nng cao cht lng dch v, duy tr lng trung thnh, nng cao kh nng
cnh tranh ca cc doanh nghip. Ch s hi lng ca khch hng bao gm c cc nhn t
(bin), mi nhn t bao gm mt s yu t c th (ch s, cc mc) c tnh ca sn phm
hoc dch v. S hi lng ca khch hng c nh ngha l mt nh gi ton din v
vic s dng mt dch v nh l mt phn ca doanh nghip v iu ny l ct li ca m
hnh CSI. Xung quanh cc bin ny l mt h thng cc cu hi v mi quan h nh hng
t cc bin khi to nh s mong i ca khch hng, hnh nh ca cc doanh nghip v
cc sn phm, cht lng cm nhn v gi tr cm nhn ca sn phm hoc dch v gn
lin vi cc bin kt qu ca s hi lng, nh lng trung thnh ca khch hng hoc khiu
ni ca khch hng.
Ch s hi lng khch hng M ACSI (American Customer Satisfaction Index)
M hnh ACSI s dng cc cuc phng vn khch hng lm u vo cho mt nn kinh t
a phng pht trin ti i hc Ross School Michigan (M). M hnh ACSI l mt m
hnh nguyn nhn v kt qu cho thy vi cc trnh iu khin ca s hi lng pha bn
tri, s hi lng trong trung tm v kt qu ca s hi lng v pha bn phi. Trong m
hnh ch s hi lng khch hng ca M, gi tr cm nhn chu tc ng bi cht lng
cm nhn v s mong i ca khch hng. Khi , s mong i ca khch hng c tc
ng trc tip n cht lng cm nhn. S hi lng ca khch hng c to thnh trn
c s cht lng cm nhn, s mong i v gi tr cm nhn, nu cht lng v gi tr cm
nhn cao hn s mong i s to nn lng trung thnh i vi khch hng, v ngc li,
y l s phn nn hay s than phin v sn phm m h tiu dng.
 29

S mong i S than phin

(Expectations) (Complaint)

Gi tr S hi
cm nhn lng ca
(Perceived khch
value) hng
(SI)
Cht lng
cm nhn S trung thnh
(Perceived (Loyalty)
quality)

Hnh 2.1 M hnh ch s hi lng khch hng ca M

Ngun: http://www.theacsi.org

- S mong i (Expectations): S mong i ca khch hng th hin mc cht lng

m khch hng mong i nhn c, cc thng s o lng s mong i gn lin vi
nhng thng s ca hnh nh v cht lng cm nhn ca sn phm v dch v. y l kt
qu ca kinh nghim tiu dng trc hoc thng tin thng qua nhng knh truyn thng
i vi sn phm hoc dch v.

- Cht lng cm nhn (perceived quality): C 2 loi cht lng cm nhn: (1) cht
lng cm nhn sn phm (hu hnh) l s nh gi v tiu dng sn phm gn y ca
khch hng i vi sn phm v (2) cht lng cm nhn dch v (v hnh) l s nh gi
cc dch v lin quan nh dch v trong v sau khi bn, iu kin cung ng, giao hng
ca chnh sn phm. Do vy, c hai c to thnh bi nhng thuc tnh quan trng
(important attributes) c kt tinh trong chnh sn phm/dch v.

- Gi tr cm nhn l mt thc o v cht lng so vi gi thanh ton. Mc d gi c

thng l rt quan trng i vi nhng khch hng mua ln u tin, n thng c tc
ng nh phn no v s hi lng cho nhng ln mua hng lp li.

- Cc bin s kt qu ca s hi lng nh s trung thnh (customer loyalty): l bin s

cui cng trong m hnh v mang tnh quyt nh n s tn ti ca doanh nghip trong
 30

tng lai, n c o lng bi nh tip tc mua, lng tin v s gii thiu vi ngi
khc v sn phm v dch v m h ang dng. Ngc li vi s trung thnh l s than
phin ca khch hng (customer complaints): khi khch hng khng hi lng vi sn
phm dch v so vi nhng mong mun ca h. S trung thnh ca khch hng c xem
nh mt ti sn ca doanh nghip, v vy, cc doanh nghip cn phi to ra s hi lng i
vi khch hng hng nng cao s trung thnh ca h i vi doanh nghip. S than phin
v s trung thnh l kt qu ca s hi lng ca khch hng.

Mc d c rt nhiu cch khc nhau nh gi v s hi lng ca khch hng mi quc

gia, cc tiu ch chnh bao gm 5 tiu ch: s mong i, cht lng cm nhn, gi tr cm
nhn. Trn thc t, trong cc nghin cu v s hi lng, mt s nghin cu hon thnh m
khng nghin cu ti gi tr cm nhn. V vy, trong bi nghin cu ny, do gii hn v
thi gian, nhm nghin cu s ch i su vo cc tiu ch: S mong i v cht lng cm
nhn ca hc sinh PTTH i vi chng trnh o to cht lng cao.

2.3.2 Cc yu t phn tch s hi lng ca hc sinh vi chng trnh PTTH

Tc gi Trn Xun Kin t i hc Qun tr kinh t v kinh doanh Thi Nguyn nh
gi s hi lng ca khch hng l sinh vin i vi chng trnh o to i hc l nhng
khong cch gia s mong i v cht lng chng trnh o to v cht lng cm nhn
c t chng trnh o to. V th tc gi s dng 5 thnh phn ca cht lng dch
v phn tch s hi lng ca sinh vin vi cc chng trnh o to bc i hc nh
hnh 2.2.
 31

S nhit tnh
ca CB&GV

Kh nng i ng
thc hin cam ging vin
S HI
kt
LNG

S quan tm ca
C s vt cht Nh trng ti
sinh vin

Hnh 2.2 M hnh nghin cu v s hi lng ca sinh vin

Ngun: Trn Xun Kin

Bng cch s dng m hnh trn nghin cu s hi lng ca sinh vin ti i hc Kinh
t v Qun tr kinh doanh Thi Nguyn, tc gi Trn Xun Kin lm r c s khoa hc
v logic v cht lng, cht lng gio dc v o to, o lng v nh gi s hi lng
ca sinh vin v cht lng o to v vy c 5 yu t ca cht lng dch v c a
vo m hnh phn tch s hi lng ca sinh vin.

Tc gi Nguyn Thy Linh a ra m hnh ca s hi lng ca sinh vin nh gi thng

qua vic nh gi cht lng dch v gio dc ca chng trnh o to ti khoa qun tr
kinh doanh i hc Hng Vng c th hin hnh 2.3 di y:
 32

phng
trnh v
ni dung php ging S ph hp
s tn
v rn luyn dy ca ging ca chng
sinh trnh o to
k nng
chung trang thit b
phc v hc tp
S hi lng
Thng tin
o to ca sinh vin kin hc

Gio trnh
mc p
ng cng tc
s ph hp cng tc
th trong t chc kim tra
o nh

Hnh 2.3 M hnh nghin cu v s hi lng ca sinh vin i vi chng trnh o

to ti khoa Qun tr kinh doanh i hc Hng Vng
Ngun: Nguyn Thy Linh -2012

Nh vy tc gi Trn Xun Kin v Nguyn Thy Linh khi nh gi s hi lng ca sinh

vin vi chng trnh o to u phn tch khong cch gia s k vng v cht lng
chng trnh o to v cht lng nhn c ca chng trnh o to trn cc kha
cnh khc nhau. Cc tc gi ny b qua yu t trung gian l gi tr cm nhn trong m
hnh ACSI. Trong phm vi ti nghin cu ny, nhm nghin cu cng b qua yu t
trung gian l gi tr cm nhn trong m hnh ACSI v tin hnh phn tch khong cch
gia s mong i v cht lng chng trnh o to v cht lng cm nhn da trn cc
yu t sau:
 33

i ng
gio vin
Ni dung
Cc hot
chng
ng b
trnh o
tr
to

S HI LNG
Phng
ca hc sinh i
php Hc liu
vichng trnh
ging dy
o to CLC

Hc ph
Hc sinh v cc chi
ph khc
C s vt
cht

Hnh 2.4 M hnh cc yu t nh hng n s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng

trnh PTTH cht lng cao
Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Da trn c s nh gi cc kha cnh ca chng trnh o to kt hp vi m hnh CSI,

nhm nghin cu thit k mu phiu iu tra kho st s hi lng i vi cc chng
trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni bao gm cc yu t o lng di y.
 34

Cc kha cnh o
Yu t o lng
lng

Gio vin c kin thc chuyn mn vng vng.

Gio vin theo di st tnh hnh hc tp

Gio vin quan tm n c im, c tnh tng hc sinh

i ng gio vin Gio vin chun b gio n, bi ging tt

Gio vin dy kt hp vi gio dc nhn cch, o c cho
hc sinh

Gio vin nh gi kt qu hc tp qua cc t thi ph hp

vi nng lc ca hc sinh

Chng trnh o to c thit k hin i, ph hp vi xu

hng quc t

Cc mn hc bt buc em li nn tng kin thc vng chc

Ni dung chng Cc mn hc b tr hp l, th v
trnh o to
T l mn hc bng ting Anh ph hp

Chng trnh pht trin t cht t duy sng to ca hc sinh

Chng trnh pht trin kh nng t hc ca hc sinh

Phng php ging dy ch ng, tc ng a chiu

Phng php Phng php ging dy gip cho hc sinh c tnh t gic cao
ging dy Phng php truyn t r rng, d hiu

Hc sinh c khuyn khch ng gp xy dng bi

Cht lng hc sinh u vo t tiu chun chng trnh

Hc sinh Cc yu cu, tiu ch i vi hc sinh cao

thc hc sinh chun mc, l trong trng hc

 35

Hc sinh c nh hng mc tiu r rng

Phng hc rng ri, thong mt, sch s

Bn gh y

C s vt cht Phng hc y nh sng

H thng qut in y

Trang thit b hc tp y

Hc ph hng thng ph hp

Cch thu hc ph hp l

Hc ph Hc bng, phn thng cho hc sinh c kt qu hc tp xut

sc

H tr hc ph cho hc sinh ngho, con thng binh lit s,

dn tc..

Ti liu, t liu bng m thanh, hnh nh, cng c phc v

Hc liu hc tp c cung cp, s dng y

Th vin c nhiu sch hc tp, nghin cu

Cc hot ng gip hc sinh nng cao t duy, nhn thc

Cc hot ng Pht trin k nng t pht trin, t hc, t nghin cu, suy
ngh sng to
b tr
Pht trin k nng lm vic nhm, gii quyt vn , x l
thng tin

Bng 2.1 Cc tiu ch o lng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH

cht lng cao H Ni
Ngun: Nhm nghin cu
 36

2.4 CC NHN T NH HNG N S HI LNG CA KHCH HNG

2.4.1 Nhn t khch quan
S hi lng chu s tc ng ca nhng yu t kinh t - x hi nh hon cnh gia nh, a
l vng min, kin thc, a v x hi

- Hon cnh gia nh: Mi gia nh c hon cnh khch nhau, iu kin kinh t cng khc
nhau. Cc thnh vin trong gia nh ca khch hng c th to nn nh hng mnh m
ln s hi lng ca khch hng . Gia nh l tp th s dng cc sn phm, dch v quan
trng bc nht trong x hi v vy c s nh hng tng i gia b m v con ci i
vi s hi lng cc loi hng ha, sn phm v dch v khc nhau.

- a l vng min: Chnh s khc nhau v mt vng min s to nn s hi lng khc nhau
ca khch hng. Cng mt sn phm, i vi nhng ngi min ni, v iu kin thiu
thn nn c th i vi sn phm h hon ton tha mn s hi lng ca mnh.
Ngc li, nhng khch hng thuc vng ng bng, hoc ti cc thnh ph ln,, c mc
sng cao th sn phm cha p ng c nhu cu ca h, dn ti s hi lng
cng s khc i.

- Kin thc: Kin thc cng l mt nhn t nh hng ti s hi lng. Mt khch hng c
hc vn, kin thc s c c nhn thc a ra s phn tch i vi cht lng ca mt
loi sn phm, dch v. Ngc li, vi nhng ngi c trnh tri thc thp hn, kh nng
phn tch cc yu t ca sn phm dch v cng khc i, ch cn sn phm p ng
c s mong i ca h th h t c s hi lng.

- a v x hi: Mt ngi u c mt trong nhiu loi nhm: gia nh, cu lc b, t

chc... V tr ca ngi y trong mi nhm c th xc nh trong khun kh vai tr v a
v. Mi vai tr u s nh hng n s hi lng ca khch hng. Mi vai tr u gn lin
vi mt a v, phn nh s knh trng ni chung ca x hi, ph hp vi vai tr . V
vy, khch hng thng la chn cc sn phm, dch v ni ln vai tr v a v ca h
trong x hi. Ty vo s la chn nn h c th nh gi s hi lng ca mnh hay
khng.

Trong nhng nm qua, tc xy dng v pht trin v kinh t x hi cng din ra ht sc

nhanh chng. Cng vi vic pht trin giao thng th, s pht trin kinh t - x hi
mnh m to iu kin gii quyt vic lm trn nhiu ngnh ngh, nhm m mang, a
dng ha v p ng nhu cu dn chng. Chnh v vy m nhu cu v mi mt i sng
ca ngi dn c tng ln mt cch nhanh chng. Trc y v kinh t x hi cn kh
 37

khn, cha c iu kin pht trin nhiu nn nhu cu ca khch hng cha c cao, yu
t s hi lng cha c ch trng. Nhng t trong bi cnh nn kinh t x hi hin ti,
y l mt trong nhng nhn t khch quan ng vai tr quan trng nh hng ti s hi
lng ca khch hng. Bi cnh iu kin kinh t x hi ngy nay ngy cng c nhiu s
thay i, mi khch hng s nhng hon cnh iu kin khc nhau, ty vo mc p
ng ca mi ngi nn khi s dng dch v h s c nhng nh gi v hi lng khc
nhau.

Cc yu t vn ha c tc ng rng ri v su xa nht n s hi lng ca khch hng, l

yu t c bn nht quyt nh s hi lng ca mt ngi. Khng nh nhng loi thp km
hn hu ht u b bn nng chi phi, phn ln cch thc ng x ca con ngi u mang
tnh hiu bit. a tr ln ln trong x hi th hc c nhng gi tr, nhn thc, s thch
v cch ng x c bn thng qua gia nh v nhng nh ch quan trng khc. Ngi Vit
Nam khi s dng sn phm dch v bao gi cng b chi phi b cc yu t vn ha mang
bn sc dn tc tc ng n cc gi tr la chn. Mi nn vn ha cha ng nhng nhm
nh hn hay cn gi l cc vn ha c th, l nhng nhm vn ha to nn nhng nt c
trng ring bit v mc ha nhp vi x hi cho cc thnh vin ca n. Cc nhm vn
ha c th bao gm cc dn tc, chng tc, tn gio v tn ngng. Cc dn tc nh dn
tc Vit Nam bao gm ngi Vit Nam trong nc hay cng ng ngi Vit Nam nc
ngoi t nhiu u th hin nhng th hiu cng nh thin hng dn tc c th. Cc
nhm chng tc nh ngi da en v ngi da mu, u c nhng phong cch v quan
im khc nhau. Cc nhm tn gio nh Cng gio, Pht gio u tng trng cho nhng
nhm vn ha c th v u c nhng iu a chung v cm k ring bit ca h.
Nhng vng a l nh cc vng pha Bc v cc vng pha Nam u c nhng nt vn
ha c th v phong cch sng tiu biu c trng ca mi vng .

Thng qua s pht trin ln mnh ca cc phng tin thng tin th y cng chnh l mt
nhn t nh hng n s hi lng ca khch hng. Khi h s dng mt sn phm dch v
ca nh cung cp, thng qua truyn thng, qung co m s lan rng v c bit n
nhiu hn, cht lng c khng nh gip cho nhng khch hng s dng sn phm
h s nhn ra rng nhng khch hng khch cng tha mn mc m h mong mun v
sn phm th chc chn s hi lng s ngy mt tng ln.
 38

2.4.2 Nhn t ch quan

Quyt nh s hi lng ca khch hng cn chu nh hng bi nhng c im c nhn,
c bit l tui tc, ngh nghip, hon cnh kinh t, phong cch sng, c tnh v s t quan
nim ca ngi .

- Tui tc: Con ngi thay i hng ha v dch v m h s dng qua cc giai on ca
cuc . H n thc n dnh cho tr em khi cn nh, n hu ht cc loi thc phm c trn
th trng lc ln ln v trng thnh, n nhng mn n mm lc gi yu. S thch ca h
v thi trang, phng tin i li v gii tr cng thay i ty theo tui tc. Chnh v vy ty
vo c im yu t ca sn phm dch v cng s nh hng khc nhau ti s hi lng
ca mi khch hng.

- Ngh nghip: Ngh nghip ca mt ngi cng nh hng n s hi lng thng qua
vic s dng hng ha v dch v. Mt ngi cng nhn vi tin lng khim tn cm
thy hi lng nhng qun o v giy dp lao ng r tin, hp thc n tra hay ch n
gin l c ng gic mi ngy. Ch tch ca mt cng ty c ting trn th gii s mua
nhng qun o t tin, du lch bng my bay, lm hi vin cu lc b th thao bi ngi
cm thy nhng iu ny lm mnh tha mn.

- Hon cnh kinh t: Hon cnh kinh t nh hng rt ln n s hi lng v sn phm

dch v ca con ngi. Hon cnh kinh t ca mt ngi bao gm thu nhp dnh cho tiu
dng (mc , tnh n nh v kt cu thi gian ca s thu nhp ), s tin gi tit kim
v ti sn, k c kh nng vay mn v thi i vi vic chi tiu v tit kim. Con
ngi cng c nhiu kh nng chi tr cho nhng sn phm, dch v m h tiu dng th
mc tha mn s hi lng li cng tng ln.

- Phong cch sng: Ngi tiu dng tuy cng nhm vn ha c th hoc tng lp x hi
nh nhau v thm ch cng ngh nghip ging nhau, cng vn c th c s khc bit trong
phong cch sng. Phong cch sng l s t biu hin ca mt ngi c th hin ra thnh
nhng hot ng, mi quan tm v quan im ca ngi y trong cuc sng. Phong cch
sng m t sinh ng ton din mt ngi trong s tc ng qua li gia ngi y vi mi
trng sng. Phong cch sng hm cha nhiu nt c trng hn l tng lp x hi v c
tnh ca ring ngi . Nu chng ta bit mt ngi no thuc tng lp x hi no,
chng ta c th suy lun ra mt s biu hin chung v cch ng x ca ngi nhng li
khng th thy c ngi trong t cch mt c nhn. V nu bit c c tnh ca mt
ngi no thuc loi no, chng ta cng c th suy ra mt s c im tm l c trng
 39

ca ngi . Chnh s khc bit ny s to nn s hi lng ca mi khch hng cng s

khc nhau

- Cc yu t tm l: S la chn mua sm ca ngi tiu dng cn chu nh hng ca

bn yu t tm l quan trng l ng c, nhn thc, kin thc, nim tin v quan im.
ng c mt ngi c th c nhiu nhu cu vo bt k thi im no trong cuc sng ca
h. Mt s nhu cu c tnh cht bn nng, chng pht sinh t nhng trng thi cng thng
v sinh l ca c th nh i, kht, mt mi. Mt s khc li c ngun gc tm l, chng
pht sinh t nhng trng thi cng thng tm l nh nhu cu c cng nhn, ngng m,
hay knh trng. Hu ht nhng nhu cu ny s khng c cng mnh thc y
ngi hnh ng vo mt thi im nht nh no trong cuc i. Mi nhu cu ch
tr thnh ng c khi n c tng ln n mt cp mnh. Mt ng c hay s thc
y l mt nhu cu ang gy sc p hng ngi ta tm cch tha mn nhu cu
cho nn s hi lng cng s khch nhau.

Ty vo tng c im yu t nh trn, nu cc nh cung cp sn phm dch v bit cch

hi ha, x l hoc c nhng sn phm ph hp th h s d dng nhn c s hi lng
tha mn i vi sn phm dch v ca h. Khi bit c mt s nhn t nh hng n s
hi lng ca khch hng, chng ta s nm bt tt cch thc kch thch s hi lng ca
khch hng, lm tt nhn t n ha, c gng vch ra k hoch v thc thi cc nhn t lm
cho khch hng hi lng, mi c th khng ngng p ng yu cu ca khch hng, tng
thm s hi lng ca khch hng, t , thc hin mc tiu cht lng lm khch hng hi
lng, thc y s pht trin ca doanh nghip.
 40

CHNG 3
PHN TCH THC TRNG S HI LNG CA HC SINH VI
CHNG TRNH PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI

3.1 GII THIU CHUNG V CHNG TRNH CHT LNG CAO BC PTTH
H NI
3.1.1 c im kinh t x hi ca H Ni
*Kinh t x hi

H Ni l th ca c nc, l trung tm u no v chnh tr, vn ho, gio dc, khoa

hc - k thut, ng thi l mt trung tm ln v kinh t, giao dch quc t ca c nc. L
thnh ph c din tch ln nht c nc, vi dn s 7,1 triu ngi (theo Tng Cc Thng
k Vit Nam 2012), dn c H Ni sinh sng v lm vic ch yu ti cc qun ni thnh.
Mt dn s trung bnh l 2.059 ngi/km2, kh cao v tng nhau cng vi qu trnh
th ha ca th . Thu nhp bnh qun ca ngi dn H Ni l gn 3 triu ng/thng.

Trong nhng nm gn y, cng vi tc pht trin ca thnh ph, lng dn t cc tnh

thnh trn c nc di c n H Ni cng tng nhanh, iu to sc p khng nh ln
mi mt pht trin ca th . V tc tng trng kinh t t 2011-2013, GDP ca thnh
ph lun duy tr mc tng 8,91%, tng khong 1,5 ln so vi tc tng trng GDP
ca c nc. Tng sn phm trn a bn tng 8,25%. Tnh ring trong nm 2013, H Ni
ng gp 10,1% GDP v 17,2% ngn sch ca c nc. ng ch , trong bi cnh kh
khn chung, H Ni phn u hon thnh nhim v thu ngn sch nm 2013, t
161.179 t ng, tng hn 10% so vi nm 2012. V vn ha - du lch, H Ni l mt
trong nhng thnh ph c tim nng nht v pht trin du lch vi nhng di tch lch s,
danh lam thng cnh c gi tr. V y t, th cng c mt h thng bnh vin, phng
khm t nhn ang dn pht trin bn cnh i ng y bc s c chuyn mn cao n t cc
bnh vin u ngnh. V gio dc, vn l trung tm gio dc ln nht Vit Nam vi nhiu
trng cng lp ni ting v truyn thng lu i v cht lng ging dy. L thnh ph
th v c v tr khu vc trung tm ca min Bc, mng li giao thng H Ni
tng i thun tin, bao gm c ng khng, ng b, ng thy v ng st. Tuy
nhin, c s h tng v k thut th cn thp km, lng phng tin tham gia giao
thng qu ln v thc ca ngi dn cn cha tt.
 41

*Vn ha, phong tc v sinh hot

T trc n nay, H Ni lun l im n ca nhng ngi dn t x, v vy nhng nt

c sc trong vn ha, phong tc v sinh hot, d t hay nhiu, cng u c em n th
, m tinh hoa t hi cc qun ni thnh H Ni. Theo nh s hc Dng Trung Quc,
Lch s ca H Ni cng ghi nhn dn c ca thnh ph c nhng thay i, xo trn
lin tc qua thi gian. nhng lng ngoi thnh, ven c, ni ngi dn sng ch yu
nh nng nghip, thng khng c s thay i ln. Nhiu gia nh ni y vn gi
c gia ph t nhng th k 15, 16. Nhng trong ni , khu vc ca cc phng thng
nghip v th cng, dn c xo trn rt nhiu. Do tnh cht ca cng vic, nhiu thng
nhn v th th cng t khi tr nhiu i ti mt im. Gp kh khn trong kinh doanh,
nhng thi im sa st, h tm ti vng t khc. Cng c nhng trng hp, mt gia nh
c ngi t c b nhim lm quan tnh khc v em theo gia quyn, i khi c h
hng. Nhng s thay i, xo trn lin tc v vn dn c vn ang tip tc din ra.

*Dch v gio dc

H Ni c bit n nh l trung tm gio dc ln nht c nc, lun coi trng vic pht
trin dch v gio dc cht lng cao. Hin nay, h thng gio dc H Ni vn pht trin
vi nhiu c s gio dc, cc trng cng lp, dn lp, bn cng,... vi nhiu hc sinh u
t khng ch ca H Ni m cn ca ton Vit Nam. Cng vi cc trung hc danh ting, h
thng gio dc ca thnh ph vn duy tr nhng trng b tc v c cc lp hc xa m
ch.

Trong tng s gn 1500 c s o to gio dc ph thng, bao gm gn 700 trng tiu

hc, 600 trng trung hc c s v 200 trng trung hc ph thng cng hn 1 triu hc
sinh, iu ng lo ngi nht hin nay l ph huynh vn cn phn nn v cht lng gio
dc. Cc bc cha m vn khng c thi tin tng, lc quan vo s n nh cc n
gio dc o to cht lng cao ang c trin khai ca thnh ph nn la chn cc
nn gio dc khc c uy tn hn trn th gii cho con em mnh.

*Cc d n gio dc thc hin

Nm 2006, thnh ph H Ni thc hin th im 18 trng cng lp cht lng cao nh

nhiu cp hc. l cc trng Mm non 20/10, Tiu hc Trng An, THCS Cu Giy,
THPT Phan Huy Ch, Tiu hc v THPT Nguyn Siu... trong c 13 trng cht lng
cao ton phn v 5 trng cht lng cao tng phn. Tuy nhin, do khng c chnh sch
ti chnh c th i km nn m hnh ny cha mang li kt qu nh mong mun. Theo
 42

Ngh quyt s 15/2013/NQ-HND do Hi ng nhn dn thnh ph H Ni ban hnh

ngy 17-7-2013, t nm hc 2013-2014, H Ni s p dng m hnh trng cht lng cao
vi nhng tiu ch, c ch ti chnh c th. Mc tiu n 2015, H Ni c 35 trng cht
lng cao tt c cc cp hc phc v nhu cu hc tp a dng ca con em nhn dn v
gp phn to nn mi trng gio dc cht lng. Nm hc 2013-2014, S Gio dc v
o to H Ni th im 14 trng cht lng cao, trong c 8 trng cng lp, v s
trnh y ban Nhn dn Thnh ph kim nh t nht mi cp hc phi c 1 trng cht
lng cao.

3.1.2 c im ca cc trng THPT ti H Ni

H Ni l thnh ph c h thng trng trung hc ph thng (ph thng trung hc) hay
cn gi l cc trng cp 3 rt a dng, bao gm 200 trng THPT cng lp, bn cng v
dn lp. Trong s c mt s trng c coi l c cht lng o to hng u c nc,
l ni tp trung nhiu hc sinh ph thng u t khng ch ca H Ni m cn ca ton
min Bc. a s cc trng ny thuc s qun l ca S Gio dc v o to H Ni; tuy
nhin cng c trng khng chu s qun l ny m trc thuc cc trng i hc. Gio
dc trung hc ph thng nhm gip hc sinh cng c v pht trin nhng kt qu ca gio
dc trung hc c s, hon thin hc vn ph thng v nhng hiu bit thng thng v k
thut v hng nghip tip tc hc i hc, cao ng, trung hc chuyn nghip, hc
ngh, hoc i vo cuc sng lao ng.

Gio dc trung hc ph thng c thi gian ba nm hc, t lp mi n lp mi hai.

vo lp 10, hc sinh phi tt nghip trung hc c s v vt qua k thi tuyn chn hc sinh
vo cp 3 vi mt s im nht nh ty theo tng trng THPT quy nh. K thi din ra
vo gia thng 6 hng nm do S Gio dc v o to t chc, bao gm 2 mn Ton v
Ng vn. Cc trng THPT trc thuc i hc s t chc thi ring, do chnh cc trng
ny t chc, thng din ra vo cui thng 5 hng nm. Mi trng THPT li c mt im
chun u vo khc nhau v c th thay i theo cc nm ty vo iu kin ca nh
trng.

tt nghip bc THPT, hc sinh phi vt qua k thi tt nghip THPT vo cui nm hc

lp 12. Sau khi tt nghip h gio dc ny, hc sinh c nhn bng Tt nghip Ph thng
trung hc.

Trng PTTH dy cc mn hc mang tnh ph thng, c bn, nhng ngy nay bn trong
trng cn t chc cc lp chn, lp chuyn; mt s trng trung hc l trng chuyn,
 43

ch o to cc hc sinh nng khiu. Ni dung chng trnh o to bao gm 13 mn

chnh v 1 mn t chn (tin hc, may, an,...), hc sinh c chng ch ngh c cng im
khi xt tt nghip THPT. Mt nm hc c chia lm hai hc k, hc k u thng bt
u vo u thng chn ko di ti trc tt m lch; hc k hai bt u t sau tt m lch
cho ti thng nm nm sau.

3.1.3 c im ca chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni

3.1.3.1 c im chung ca chng trnh o to cht lng cao bc THPT ti H
Ni

Chng trnh o to cht lng cao l chng trnh th im ly cung ng dch v gio
dc o to cht lng cao lm trng tm. Mc d ni dung chng trnh o to cng
ging nh cc chng trnh o to THPT khc, s dng b sch gio khoa ging nhau
nhng c u t c s vt cht hin i, phng php ging dy c nhiu i mi ph
hp vi mc tiu gio dc v nhu cu ngi hc, tng cng cc mn ngoi ng, cht
lng gio dc c tin b r nt, ton din c gi vng, i ng gio vin chuyn mn
gii, nhit tnh cng nhiu dch v ph tr. Chng trnh o to cht lng cao ang
c p dng th im 12 trng THPT cng lp v ngoi cng lp trn a bn H Ni.
Do thnh ph cha c c ch ti chnh chung cho m hnh trng cht lng cao nn vic
thu chi ca tng trng ph thuc vo quy nh ca UBND cc qun/ huyn. Theo mt
s trng c php thu hc ph cao do c php t ch ti chnh.

Hin nay, cc trng THPT ang tn ti hai hnh thc cht lng cao: mt l chng
trnh o to cht lng cao do Nh nc h tr hot ng, hai l chng trnh o to
cht lng cao c hnh thnh da trn s hp tc gia Nh nc v nhn dn. Cc
trng THPT p dng m hnh CLC c Nh nc h tr v ti chnh bao gm cc
trng THPT chuyn nh THPT chuyn H Ni - Amsterdam, THPT Chu Vn An, THPT
chuyn Nguyn Hu,... nn c mc hc ph trung bnh. Mun theo hc theo chng trnh
CLC ny, hc sinh phi thi thm mn Ngoi ng iu kin v mn chuyn tng ng bn
cnh k thi THPT i tr ton thnh ph. c th ng k thi cc mn chuyn khc nhau ca
hai trng khc nhau vi iu kin cc mn chuyn thi khng trng nhau. Cc chng
trnh c Nh nc v nhn dn cng xy dng do khng c c ch chnh sch h tr nn
c mc hc ph cao hn nhiu so vi cc chng trnh o to THPT truyn thng.

Khc vi cc chng trnh o to truyn thng trn a bn H Ni, i ng gio vin

c chn lc k cng, c kin thc chuyn mn vng vng cng nh t cht s phm cao.
 44

Gio vin c yu cu phi c thi nghim tc v tch cc trong cng tc ging dy,
ci m tip nhn ci mi, nghin cu sng to ra cc phng php ging dy mi to
nn nhng hnh thc hc tp mi nng cao s tng tc gia gio vin v hc sinh. Bn
cnh , gio vin quan tm su st n tm l, thi ca hc sinh trong qu trnh hc tp
cng nh c hnh thc nh gi kt qu hc tp ph hp vi ni dung ging dy v ng
vi nng lc hc sinh. Khng ch c trch nhim truyn ti cc ni dung cn thit trong
sch gio khoa, chng trnh cht lng cao cn ch trng vo gio dc nhn cch, o
c cho hc sinh. V ni dung chng trnh o to, mc d s dng chung mt b sch
gio khoa vi cc chng trnh o to thng thng nhng c thit k hin i, ph
hp vi xu hng quc t, ch trng vo pht trin t cht t duy sng to, kh nng t
hc ca hc sinh qua cc mn hc b tr, ngoi kha. Phng php ging dy trong
chng trnh cht lng cao c s tng tc gia gio vin v hc sinh, khuyn khch hc
sinh ng gp kin xy dng bi hc, pht biu quan im c nhn, thng qua cc hnh
thc trnh chiu s dng trang thit b hin i.

theo hc chng trnh cht lng cao, hc sinh khng ch hc gii, t im chun u
vo trng cao m gia nh cn c iu kin h tr cc em tham gia thm cc hot ng
ngoi kha, gp phn pht trin cc k nng cn thit trong cuc sng, gip hc sinh nh
hng dn mc tiu trong tng lai.

L chng trnh c Thnh ph H Ni u t ti chnh ln, chng trnh o to cht

lng cao bc THPT u c c s vt cht hin i, phng hc rng ri thong mt, gio
c trc quan y v hin i, c s h tng nh nh th cht, sn chi, sn bng r, cu
lng, th vin,... cng c a vo s dng.

Bn cnh chng trnh gio dc trn lp, nh trng cn c nhiu hot ng ngoi kha,
giao lu v hp tc quc t vi cc trng ph thng, i hc v nhiu t chc trn th
gii, c nhng mi quan h tt p vi cc trng i hc, cao ng v trung hc ti cc
nc pht trin.

3.1.3.2 Trng THPT chuyn H Ni - Amsterdam

Trng Trung hc ph thng chuyn H Ni - Amsterdam l mt trng trung hc ph
thng cng lp ca thnh ph H Ni c thnh lp vo nm 1985. Ngy nay, trng l
mt trong s cc trng trung hc ph thng ni ting nht thnh ph H Ni v c
nh gi l mt trong s cc trng trung hc c cht lng gio dc cao nht Vit Nam.
Trng c ghi nhn v nhng thnh thch hc tp xut sc v s i mi thng
 45

xuyn trong cch gio dc ca trng vi nhiu hc sinh ginh c rt nhiu gii
thng trong nc v ngoi nc nh K thi hc sinh gii quc gia, cc k thi quc t khu
vc chu hoc trn ton th gii.

H ph thng trung hc ko di ba nm t lp 10 n lp 12. theo hc ti trng, ngoi

vic tri qua k thi tuyn chn chung vo THPT cng lp do S Gio dc v o to t
chc gm 2 mn Ton v Ng vn, hc sinh tt nghip lp 9 phi thi thm mn Ngoi ng
iu kin, mun vo c lp chuyn s phi thi thm mn chuyn tng ng. im xt
tuyn s l tng im ba mn Ton, Vn, Anh (mi mn ly h s 1) cng vi im mn
chuyn nhn i (h s 2), th sinh ly t cao xung thp n ht ch tiu ca lp chuyn.
Cc th sinh ch ng k xt tuyn vo cc lp khng chuyn s thi hai mn Ton Vn v
ly im xt tuyn l tng im hai mn ny. Hc sinh ng k nguyn vng ti hai trng
c cng 1 mn chuyn, xp th t u tin l nguyn vng 1 v nguyn vng 2. Trong cc
nm hc t nm hc 1985 - 1988 cho n nm hc 2011 - 2012, khi ph thng trung hc
c chia lm 2 h: H chuyn v h khng chuyn. Trong cc h chuyn, ngoi vic hc
cc mn hc chnh, hc sinh s c dy tng cng (s tit, khi lng kin thc nhiu
hn so vi cc lp cn li) cc mn chuyn trong cc lp chuyn thuc khi THPT. Cc
hc sinh chuyn gii s c tham gia cuc thi tuyn chn i tuyn hc sinh chuyn v
c u t hc mn chuyn d cc k thi hc sinh gii quc gia, quc t. Khc vi h
chuyn, h khng chuyn khng c vic dy tng cng cc mn chuyn, tuy nhin vn
cao mt s mn hc trong chng trnh trung hc ph thng. Cho n nm hc 2011 -
2012, trng THPT H Ni - Amsterdam c 36 lp chuyn, mi lp c 30-40 hc sinh.

V c s vt cht, hin ti hc sinh trng THPT H Ni - Amsterdam ang c hc tp

ti c s mi vi kinh phi hn 25 triu USD vi h thng c s vt cht t tiu chun
quc gia: 4 dy nh 4 tng khang trang, hin i, lp hc c y bn gh, t sch, ti vi,
nh th cht, b bi, sn bng , sn tennis, ng chy,...

Ngoi vic hc tp trn lp, nh trng lun khuyn khch hc sinh tham gia vo cc hot
ng tnh nguyn, hot ng x hi (thm lng tr Ha Bnh, thm v tng qu bnh nhn
bnh vin Nhi H Ni,...) v cc hot ng ngoi kha do hc sinh t t chc.

Tuy nhin hc ph ca trng ch thu mc 30.000/thng, ngoi ra cn c cc dch v

ph tr khc phi ng ring nh tuyn xe but ca trng, n tra,...

3.1.3.3 Trng THPT Phan Huy Ch

 46

Trng THPT Bn cng Phan Huy Ch c thnh lp vo nm 1997, l trng bn cng

bc trung hc ph thng u tin trc thuc S GD&T H Ni, c thnh ph u t
xy dng c s vt cht ban u, thc hin c ch t hch ton. Hin nay, trng THPT
Phan Huy Ch l mt trong nhng trng thc hin th im m hnh trng CLC t kh
sm. Nm hc 2008 - 2009, trng th im 2 lp CLC. Nhng nm tip theo, trng tip
tc m rng quy m lp CLC theo yu cu, hin nay c trng c 14 lp CLC trn tng s
32 lp. Tin hc trung bnh l 1,2 n 1,6 triu ng/thng, mc hc ph lp cao nht l
2,4 triu ng/thng, cao gp 3-4 ln tin hc ca cc lp khng p dng m hnh cht
lng cao, cha k n cc dch v ph tr khc c thu ring nh n tra,... Mc tiu
ca trng s pht trin thnh 100% s lp l lp CLC vi i ng gio vin gii, chuyn
mn cao, tm huyt, t l hc sinh i hc cao (trung bnh 95%)

Hc sinh c nguyn vng theo hc ti trng ch cn t im chun vo trng trong k

thi u vo THPT chung do S GD&T H Ni t chc hng nm. Chng trnh hc tp
c phn ban thnh ban T nhin v ban X hi. Ban t nhin gm cc mn Ton, L,
Ha, Sinh,... Ban X hi s hc nng v cc mn x hi nh Ng Vn, S, a, Ngoi
ng. c bit, trng THPT Phan Huy Ch l mt trong nhng trng THPT u tin ca
thnh ph c t chc lp phn ban C phc v hc sinh mun thi i hc khi C. Ty
theo phn chia thi kha biu m c nhng hm hc 2 bui 1 ngy. Cc lp CLC s hc
thm vo bui lch vi cc bui hc chnh, hc tng cng nhng mn hc thuc ban ca
mnh.

V c s vt cht, trng c UBND Thnh ph H Ni u t hn 41 t ng xy

mi nh hc 5 tng, nh gio dc th cht; cng tin, ci to nh Hiu b, cc cng trnh h
tng ph tr v trang thit b dy hc. Ngi trng mi khang trang, sch p chnh
thc c a vo s dng t nm hc 2012- 2013. Tt c phng hc, phng hp ca
trng c trang b mn hnh LCD c ln, h thng cy nc tinh khit, h thng loa
nhc vic, cy xanh tri khp hnh lang v h thng camera hin i.

Trng Phan Huy Ch l mt trong s t trng c th vin t th vin xut sc vi

18.000 u sch c gi tr, h thng phng c c lp iu ha, c cc my tnh ni
mng v phn mm tra cu, tm sch trn my tnh. Khng ch l ni nghin cu ti
liu, hc tp ca gio vin v hc sinh, Th vin nh trng cn l ni t chc nhiu hot
ng ngoi kha sng to thu ht nhiu hc sinh v vi vn ha c, iu m hin nay
nhiu th vin cha lm c.

3.1.3.4 Trng THPT Phan nh Phng

 47

Ra i ngay sau nhng ngy thng c lit nht ca cuc khng chin chng M cu nc
(ngy 10-3-1973) trng THPT Phan nh Phng nhanh chng p ng c nhu cu
hc tp ca cc em hc sinh Th . Tri qua 37 nm xy dng v pht trin c s quan
tm ca Thnh ph v cc c quan c lin quan, cng vi s n lc khng mt mi ca cc
th h gio vin v hc sinh, trng THPT Phan nh Phng t c nhng thnh tu
ni bt v gio dc ton din.

Ging nh nhiu trng THPT khc trn a bn, hc sinh ng k nguyn vng I ti
trng, sau khi tri qua k thi u vo THPT v c im cao hn mc im chun ca
trng s c theo hc ti trng. Nm 2013, im chun ca trng l 49,5 im.

Hin ti trng c 36 lp, trong c 6 lp quc t p dng m hnh o to cht lng

cao vi hc ph 2 triu ng/thng. cc lp quc t, hc sinh sau khi trng tuyn k thi
THPT vo trng s thi thm ting Anh c xp lp ty theo trnh . Lp hc c
nh sut 3 nm hc, c trang b phng iu ha, my chiu, my tnh v mt s thit b
khc phc v cho cng tc ging dy, c sp xp hc tng cng cc mn ngoi ng,
ton v mt s mn theo ban tng ng. S s khng qu 30 hc sinh khi hc tng cng.
Kim tra nh k thng xuyn trong qu trnh hc, cc bi kim tra ting Anh c nh
gi theo tiu chun IELTS. Cc lp giao tip ting Anh c t chc di s ging dy
ca ngi bn x, cng vi cc bui giao lu vi hc sinh nc ngoi.

THPT THPT THPT

H Ni - Amsterdam Phan Huy Ch Phan nh Phng

Nm thnh lp 1985 1997 1973

Hnh thc tuyn Thi THPT + Ngoi ng Thi THPT + Ting

Thi THPT
sinh vo lp CLC iu kin + mn chuyn Anh

Tng s lp 52 lp 32 lp 36 lp

S lp p dng
37 lp 14 lp 6 lp
m hnh CLC

Phn ban Khng phn ban Ban A, C, D Ban A, D

Quy m lp 30-40 hc sinh 20-30 hc sinh 20-30 hc sinh

 48

Hc ph lp CLC 1.200.000 -
30.000 2.000.000
(ng/thng) 1.600.000

Bng 3.1 Ba trng THPT p dng m hnh o to cht lng cao trn a bn H Ni c
la chn tin hnh iu tra
Ngun: Nhm nghin cu

3.2 KIM NH TIN CY CC TIU CH V PHN TCH NHN T

KHM PH
3.2.1 Gii thiu mu phiu iu tra
phn tch v chng trnh o to cht lng cao bc THPT ti H Ni, nhm nghin
cu cn c vo khung v cht lng o to thit k nghin cu v cc cu hi kho
st, phng vn.

C th nhm nghin cu tin hnh cc bc sau:

Bc 1: T chc tho lun ni b nhm cng gio vin hng dn nhn din v nh
gi tm quan trng ca cc yu t cu thnh nn chng trnh do to cht lng cao bc
THPT cng nh bc u nh gi v tm quan trng ca cc yu t .

Bc 2: Trn c s kt qu tho lun bc 1 v cn c theo cc tiu ch nh gi cht

lng dch v o to gio dc ph thng, nhm nghin cu tin hnh thit k phiu iu
tra v tho cc cu hi nh hng phng vn ph huynh hc sinh v cc chuyn gia v
gio dc.

Bc 3: Tin hnh phng vn 9 ph huynh hc sinh c con ang theo hc chng trnh
cht lng cao ti cc trng THPT H Ni - Amsterdam, THPT Phan Huy Ch, THPT
Phan nh Phng cng 2 chuyn gia v lnh vc gio dc o to cng nh yu cu v tm
quan trng ca cc yu t cu thnh nn chng trnh o to cht lng cao bc THPT.

Bc 4: Tin hnh th phiu iu tra i vi 180 hc sinh cp 3 ang theo hc chng

trnh o to cht lng cao ti cc trng THPT H Ni - Amsterdam, THPT Phan Huy
Ch, THPT Phan nh Phng v iu chnh phiu iu tra.

Bc 5: Tin hnh pht phiu iu tra trn din rng, pht phiu gi bng hnh thc online
v mail ti cc hc sinh ti 3 trng THPT H Ni - Amsterdam, THPT Phan Huy Ch,
 49

THPT Phan nh Phng. Tng s phiu pht ra l 180 phiu. S phiu thu v tnh n
thng 4/2014 l 145 phiu. S phiu dng c phn tch l 125 phiu.

Nhm nghin cu da trn kin tham kho t cc chuyn gia v lnh vc gio dc o
to c phng vn thit k ni dung phiu iu tra dnh cho hc sinh v ph huynh
hc sinh. Sau khi kim tra ph hp ca ni dung phiu d liu, nhm nghin cu tin
hnh n cc trng THPT H Ni Amsterdam, trng THPT Phan Huy Ch v trng
THPT Phan nh Phng pht phiu iu tra ti hc sinh v ph huynh hc sinh ca 3
trng. Sau 3 tun tin hnh iu tra phng vn, nhm nghin cu thu v 145 phiu iu
tra, trong c 125 phiu hp l v bt u cc bc nhp d liu vo SPSS 16.0.

*T l tham gia kho st theo gii tnh

Gii tnh S lng T l (%)

N 79 63

Nam 46 37

Tng 125 100

Bng 3.2 T l hc sinh tham gia kho st theo gii tnh

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Trong s 125 phiu iu tra c:

- 63% s hc sinh tham gia kho st l n, tng ng 79 hc sinh.

- 47% s hc sinh tham gia kho st l nam, tng ng 46 hc sinh.

 50

37%
N
Nam
63%

Biu 3.1 T l hc sinh tham gia kho st theo gii tnh

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

* T l tham gia kho st theo c s gio dc

C s gio dc S hc sinh T l (%)

THPT H Ni - Amsterdam 41 33

THPT Phan Huy Ch 48 38

THPT Phan nh Phng 36 29

Tng 125 100

Bng 3. 3 S hc sinh v t l tham gia kho st theo c s gio dc

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Trong s 125 phiu kho st c:

- 38% s hc sinh tham gia kho st thuc trng THPT Phan Huy Ch, tng ng 48
hc sinh.

- 33% s hc sinh tham gia kho st thuc trng THPT H Ni - Amsterdam, tng
ng 41 hc sinh.
 51

- 29% s hc sinh tham gia kho st thuc trng THPT Phan nh Phng, tng ng
36 hc sinh.

29%
33% THPT H Ni - Amsterdam

THPT Phan Huy Ch

THPT Phan nh Phng

38%

Biu 3.2 T l hc sinh tham gia kho st theo c s gio dc

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

* T l tham gia quan st theo khi lp

Khi lp S hc sinh T l (%)

Lp 10 3 2

Lp 11 15 12

Lp 12 107 86

Tng 125 100

Bng 3.4 S hc sinh v t l tham gia kho st theo khi lp

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Trong s 125 phiu kho st c:

- 2% s hc sinh tham gia kho st ang hc lp 10, tng ng 3 hc sinh.

 52

- 12% s hc sinh tham gia kho st ang hc lp 11, tng ng 15 hc sinh.

- 86% s hc sinh tham gia kho st ang hc lp 12, tng ng 107 hc sinh.

2%

12%

Lp 10
Lp 11
Lp 12
86%

Biu 3.3 T l hc sinh tham gia kho st theo khi lp

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Khi lp c hc sinh tham gia kho st ng nht l khi lp 12. C th rt ra kt lun

rng cc em hc sinh c thi rt quan tm n chng trnh o to cht lng cao
mnh ang theo hc v nhit tnh ng gp kin nhm nng cao s hi lng i vi
chng trnh gio dc o to cht lng cao.

* T l tham gia kho st theo quy m lp hc

Quy m lp S hc sinh T l (%) Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin

cu
t hn 20 4 3
Trong s 125 phiu kho st c:
T 20 n 30 17 14
- 3% s hc sinh tham gia kho st m lp
Nhiu hn 30 104 83 ang theo hc c quy m t hn 20 hc
sinh, tng ng 4 hc sinh.
Tng 125 100
- 14% s hc sinh tham gia kho st m
lp ang theo hc c quy m t 20 n 30
Bng 3.5 S hc sinh v t l tham gia
hc sinh, tng ng 17 hc sinh.
kho st theo quy m lp hc
 53

- 83% s hc sinh tham gia kho st m 30 hc sinh, tng ng 104 hc sinh.

lp ang theo hc c quy m nhiu hn
3%

14%

t hn 20
T 20 n 30
Nhiu hn 30

83%

Biu 3.4 T l tham gia kho st theo quy m lp hc

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Phn ln s hc sinh tham gia kho st m lp ang theo hc c quy m nhiu hn 30 hc

sinh, y l quy m ph bin nhiu c s gio dc ni chung, THPT ni ring khng ch
trn a bn H Ni m cn nhiu thnh ph ln khc.

3.2.2 Kim nh tin cy ca cc tiu ch trong phiu iu tra

Sau khi thu nhp phiu kho st, nhm nghin cu tin hnh kim nh tin cy ca
d liu. Theo Staler (1995) v Peterson (1994) th h s o tin cy ca d liu nh
lng trong cc cuc kho st Cronbachs Alpha ().

Nu h s Cronbachs Alpha () c gi tr:

- T 0,8 n gn 1 th thang o lng rt tt.

- T 0,7 n 0,8 th s liu c th s dng c tng i tt.
- T 0,6 tr ln l c th s dng c trong trng hp cc khi nim o lng l
mi hoc tng i mi i vi ngi tr li.

Kt qu kim nh tin cy ca d liu bng h s Cronbachs Alpha c th hin qua

bng di y:

S bin Cronbachs Alpha

 54

i ng gio vin 6 0,905

Ni dung chng trnh o to 6 0,910

Phng php ging dy 4 0,879

Hc sinh 4 0,790

C s vt cht 5 0,937

Hc ph & cc chi ph khc 4 0,849

Hc liu 2 0,779

Cc hot ng b tr 3 0,935

Tha mn chung 2 0,882

Bng 3.6 Kt qu kim nh thang o tin cy

Ngun: Kt qu phn tch ca nhm nghin cu

+ Nhn t i ng gio vin gm 6 bin vi h s Cronbachs Alpha bng (0,905).

+ Nhn t Ni dung chng trnh o to gm 6 bin vi h s Cronbachs Alpha bng

(0,910).

+ Nhn t Phng php ging dy gm 4 bin vi h s Cronbachs Alpha bng (0,879).

+ Nhn t Hc sinh gm 4 bin vi h s Cronbachs Alpha bng (0,790).

+ Nhn t C s vt cht gm 5 bin vi h s Cronbachs Alpha bng (0,937).

+ Nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc gm 4 bin vi h s Cronbachs Alpha bng

(0,849).

+ Nhn t Hc liu gm 2 bin vi h s Cronbachs Alpha bng (0,779).

+ Nhn t Cc hot ng b tr gm 3 bin vi h s Cronbachs Alpha bng (0,935).

+ Nhn t Tha mn chung gm 2 bin vi h s Cronbachs Alpha bng (0,882).

 55

Kt qu kim nh h s () cho thy s liu iu tra l ng tin cy v ph hp phn

tch.

3.2.3 Phn tch nhn t khm ph

T 125 kt qu hp l, nhm nghin cu s dng phn mm SPSS 16.0, p dng phng
php phn tch nhn t Principal Components vi php xoay Varimax. iu kin phn tch
tha mn 5 tiu ch sau:

+ H s Eigenvalue > 1

+ H s kim nh KMO > 0,5

+ Kim nh Bartlett c Sig. 0,05

+ Tiu chun Factor Loading > 0,5

+ Phng sai trch > 50%: Vi cc m hnh nghin cu thng thng trn mu iu tra
nh (<100) mi cn p dng tiu chun ny mc 0,5 tuy nhin kt qu iu tra mang
tnh thc tin, nhm vn s dng mc kim nh cht ch ny.

+ Phng sai trch > 50%

Bng KMO-Barret-Phng sai trch-H s ti nhn t sau 2 ln phn tch nhn t (Xem
ph lc 1)

Kt qu thu c nh sau:

Xem xt bng KMO v kim nh Bartlett sau khi EFA ln 1, c th thy vic phn tch
nhn t cho quan st l thch hp khi h s KMO = (0,920) tha mn iu kin. Kim nh
Bartlett cho p-value (sig.=0,000) c ngha thng k. Tuy nhin trn bng Rotated
Component Matrix, cc bin i ng gio vin 1 ( , Phng php ging dy 3, Phng
php ging dy 4, Hc sinh 4, Hc liu 2 c h s ti nhn t bng 0, cho thy cn loi b
hai nhn t ny khi m hnh tip tc thc hin EFA ln 2.

Sau phn tch nhn t khm ph ln 2, khng cn xut hin bin no c h s ti nhn t
bng 0. Cc bin u c h s ti nhn t > 0,5 th hin gi tr thc tin tt. C th thy
phn mm trch ra c 8 nhn t vi phng sai trch bng 80%. Kim tra phn tch
nhn t cho tng nhn t ring l, cho thy c 8 nhn t mang bin (Component 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8) u khng c hin tng bin thuc nhiu nhn t.
 56

Phng
H s S nhn t
P-value sai Kt lun
KMO rt ra
trch
Loi b bin i ng gio
vin 1, Phng php ging
EFA ln
0,920 0,000 77,7% 8 dy 3, Phng php ging
1
dy 4, Hc sinh 4, Hc liu
2

Khng cn xut hin bin

no c h s ti bng 0. C
8 nhn t mang bin
EFA ln (Component 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
0,913 0,000 80,0% 8
2 7, 8) u ko c hin tng
bin ph nhiu nhn t
Rt ra m hnh gm
8 nhn t

Bng 3.7 Kt qu phn tch nhn t khm ph

Ngun: Kt qu phn tch ca nhm nghin cu

Nh vy, t 34 bin ban u vi 8 nhn t gi thuyt, sau 2 ln tin hnh phn tch nhn t
khm ph s dng php xoay Varimax, m hnh vn gi nguyn gm 8 nhn t c
cp trn. M hnh ny gii thch c 80% bin thin quan st.
 57

3.3 PHN TCH THC TRNG S HI LNG CA HC SINH VI CHNG

TRNH PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI
Da trn kin phng vn cc chuyn gia v khong chung nh gi tng nhn t, cn
c vo kt qu phn tch d liu, nhm nghin cu xut khong cch nh gi nh sau:

+ Khong cch ( -0,5): Khong cch nh, nhn t p ng s hi lng mc chp

nhn c, ngi tip nhn cm thy hi lng i vi chng trnh.

+ Khong cch ( -0,6) ti ( -1,0): Khong cch trung bnh, nhn t cha p ng c
s hi lng, ngi tip nhn cm thy khng hi lng i vi chng trnh.

+ Khong cch (< -1,0): Khong cch ln, nhn t cha p ng c s hi lng, ngi
tip nhn cm thy rt khng hi lng i vi chng trnh.

3.3.1 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi nng lc ca i ng gio vin trong

chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni

Khong cch
STT Cc yu t Mong i Thc trng Kt qu
(T-M)
Gio vin theo di
Cha hi
1 st tnh hnh hc 4,0 3,3 -0,7
lng
tp
Gio vin quan tm Rt
2 n c im, c 4,0 2,9 -1,1 khng hi
tnh tng hc sinh lng
Gio vin chun b
Cha hi
3 gio n, bi ging 4,1 3,5 -0,6
lng
tt
Gio vin dy kt
hp vi gio dc Cha hi
4 4,0 3,2 -0,8
nhn cch, o c lng
cho hc sinh
Gio vin nh gi Cha hi
5 4,1 3,2 -0,9
kt qu hc tp qua lng
 58

cc t thi ph hp
vi nng lc ca
hc sinh
Cha hi
Trung bnh cng 4,0 3,2 -0,8
lng

Bng 3.8 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t i ng gio vin

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Gio vin l mt nhn t quan trng nh hng n mc hi lng ca hc sinh v gio

vin l ngi trc tip ging dy, ng vai tr quan trng trong vic gip hon thin
chng trnh v phng php s phm. Kt qu iu tra cho thy hin nay i ng gio
vin ca chng trnh THPT cht lng cao trn a bn H Ni cha phn no p ng
c mong i ca hc sinh. C th l:

Khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca cc bin trong nhn t i ng gio
vin u nm trong khong (-0,5) n (-1,0) im, mc trung bnh.
Khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca bin Gio vin quan tm n c
im, c tnh tng hc sinh l cao nht (-1,1 im)
Nhn t i ng gio vin cha p ng c s hi lng t pha ngi tip
nhn chng trnh; bin Gio vin quan tm n c im, c tnh tng hc sinh c
nh hng ln nht i vi s hi lng v i ng gio vin.

Biu 3.1 di y th hin cc khong cch gia mong i v thc trng trong nhn t
Gio vin:
 59

4.5 4.1 4.1

4 4 4
4
3.5
3.5 3.3 3.2 3.2
2.9
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Ging vin theo Ging vin quan Ging vin chun Ging vin dy Ging vin nh
di st tnh hnh tm n c b gio n, bi kt hp vi gio gi kt qu hc
hc tp im, c tnh ging tt dc nhn cch, tp qua cc t
tng hc sinh o c cho hc thi ph hp vi
sinh nng lc ca hc
sinh
Mong i Thc trng

Biu 3.5 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t i ng gio vin

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

V c bn, hu ht cc trng hin nay u c mt i ng gio vin t

trnh chun v mt chuyn mn c th ging dy c chng
trnh mi nh chng trnh o to cht lng cao, B Nghim Hng
Hong - Nguyn Ph Hiu trng trng THPT Phan Huy Ch

Hin nay vn tn ti mt s vn nh hng n s hi lng i vi i ng gio vin

nh c mt s gio vin hay vo lp tr, cha ging ht bi cho ngh sm, thm ch c
mt vi trng hp b tit m khng bo trc cho hc sinh. iu ny dn n s lng
kin thc tn ng trc khi thi l rt ln nn phi t chc mt s tit hc b b sung kin
thc, nh hng n kt qu hc tp ca hc sinh.

3.3.2 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi ni dung chng trnh o to

trong chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni
Chng trnh o to cht lng cao c thit k c bit, p dng nhng tiu chun ca
gio dc chun quc t, do vy cng c nhiu bin i ph hp vi iu kin gio dc
ti Vit Nam. Tuy nhin, chng trnh cht lng cao vn cha pht huy c ht tnh u
vit ca n khi cha gip pht trin t duy ca hc sinh mt cch ti a. Cc mn hc bt
 60

buc cn mang nng tnh l thuyt, nhng mn hc cn quan st thc t nh ha hc, vt

l, sinh hc, li t c c hi lm th nghim hiu r l thuyt v p dng chng vo
thc t. Hc sinh vn cn ph thuc vo kin thc trong sch gio khoa nhiu, cha c
lp suy ngh hay thot ly ra khi phm vi lp hc.

Kt qu nh gi thc trng ni dung chng trnh o to ca chng trnh o to cht

lng cao cc trng THPT trn a bn H Ni trong thi gian qua c th hin trong
bng 3.3 di y:

Khong cch
STT Cc yu t Mong i Thc trng Kt qu
(T-M)
Chng trnh o
to c thit k Rt
1 hin i, ph hp 4,3 2,9 -1,4 khng
vi xu hng quc hi lng
t
Cc mn hc bt
buc em li nn Cha hi
2 4,0 3,0 -1,0
tng kin thc vng lng
chc
Cc mn hc b tr Rt
3 hp l, th v 4,0 2,8 -1,2 khng
hi lng
T l mn hc bng Rt
4 ting anh ph hp 4,0 2,7 -1,3 khng
hi lng
Chng trnh pht
Rt
trin t cht t duy
5 4,2 2,6 -1,6 khng
sng to ca hc
hi lng
sinh
Chng trnh pht Rt
6 trin kh nng t 4,2 2,7 -1,5 khng
hc ca hc sinh hi lng
Rt
Trung bnh cng 4,1 2,8 -1,3
 61

khng
hi lng

Bng 3.9 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Ni dung chng trnh o to
Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca cc bin trong nhn t Ni dung
chng trnh o to nm trong khong (-1,0) n (> -2,0) im, mc ln.
Khong cch cao nht gia thc trng so vi mong i v Ni dung chng trnh
o to l (-1,6 im) dnh cho bin Chng trnh pht trin t cht t duy sng to
ca hc sinh.
Nhn t Ni dung chng trnh o to cha p ng c s hi lng t pha
ngi th hng chng trnh o to; ba bin Chng trnh pht trin t cht t
duy sng to ca hc sinh, Chng trnh pht trin kh nng t hc ca hc sinh v
Chng trnh o to c thit k hin, i, ph hp vi xu hng quc t c mc
hi lng km nht trong cc bin, cn c ci thin nhiu trong thi gian ti.

5
4.5 4.3 4.2 4.2
4 4 4
4
3.5 3
2.9 2.8
3 2.7 2.6 2.7
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Chng trnh Cc mn hc Cc mn hc b T l mn hc Chng trnh Chng trnh
o to c bt buc em tr hp l, th v bng ting anh pht trin t pht trin kh
thit k hin li nn tng ph hp cht t duy nng t hc
i, ph hp kin thc sng to ca ca hc sinh
vi xu hng vng chc hc sinh
quc t
Mong i Thc trng

Biu 3.6 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Ni dung chng trnh o
to
Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu
 62

Mc d chng trnh c xu hng thit k theo xu hng quc t song v sch gio
khoa vn cha t yu cu, cn phi c l trnh v o to c bn t gc (cha mang
tnh h thng), B Nghim Hng Hong - Nguyn Ph Hiu trng trng THPT
Phan Huy Ch.

3.3.3 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi phng php ging dy ca chng

trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni
C hai phng php ging dy hin nay trng THPT c chng trnh o to cht lng
cao ang p dng l phng php truyn thng v phng php mi. Phng php truyn
thng l vi mi bi hc, gio vin s ging/c bi da trn gio n chun b, hc sinh
ngi di s nghe v ghi chp. Vi phng php ny, lng kin thc truyn ti ti hc
sinh s l rt ln, tuy nhin mc hiu qu ca n dng nh cn cha cao v khng
gip hc sinh pht huy kh nng t hc, t duy sng to. Phng php mi l s dng cc
cng c trc quan nh trnh chiu hnh nh, t liu, xem phim ti liu, tnh hung thc t
hoc di cc hnh thc ging dy mi nh chia nhm hc sinh thuyt trnh da trn cch
hiu ring ca mnh, t gio vin s ging li nhng vn cn gy khc mc, kh hiu
v b sung thm nhng thng tin thc t mi. Phng php ny khuyn khch hc sinh rt
nhiu trong vic tm hiu, chun b bi trn lp, gip hc sinh cm thy vic hc th v, b
ch, qua c th t pht huy kh nng sng to ca mnh.

Tuy nhin vi nhng mn hc t c iu kin p dng phng php mi, hc sinh vn

cn li vo vic ghi chp bi ging ca gio vin. Nhiu hc sinh cn th ng hoc
cha c khuyn khch trong vic pht biu kin c nhn, ng gp xy dng bi hc.

Khong cch
STT Cc yu t Mong i Thc trng Kt qu
(T-M)
Phng php ging
dy ch ng, tc Cha hi
1 4,1 3,1 -1,0
lng
ng a chiu
Phng php ging
dy gip cho hc Rt
2 4,1 3,0 -1,1 khng
sinh c tnh t gic
hi lng
cao
 63

Cha hi
Trung bnh cng 4,1 3,1 -1,0
lng

Bng 3.10 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Phng php ging dy
Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Kt qu phn tch t cc phiu iu tra cho thy khong cch gia thc trng v mong i
ca cc yu t nh gi phng php ging dy u vo khong (-1,0) im, hu nh
cha p ng c phn ln s mong i t pha hc sinh. C th l:

im khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca cc bin u (<-1,0) im,

mc trung bnh.

Khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca bin Phng php ging dy gip
cho hc sinh c tnh t gic cao l (-1,1) im, cao nht trong cc khong cch ca
cc yu t nh hng n nhn t Phng php ging dy.
Nhn t Phng php ging dy cha p ng c s hi lng ca ngi tip
nhn chng trnh, nht l bin Phng php ging dy gip cho hc sinh c tnh t
gic cao.

4.5
4.1 4.11
4

3.5
3.1
3
3

2.5 Mong i

2 Thc trng

1.5

0.5

0
Phng php ging dy ch ng, Phng php ging dy gip cho
tc ng a chiu hc sinh c tnh t gic cao

Biu 3.7 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Phng php ging dy
 64

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

3.3.4 Thc trng s hi lng i vi c im ca hc sinh trong chng trnh o

to cht lng cao bc THPT ti H Ni

Khong cch
STT Cc yu t Mong i Thc trng Kt qu
(T-M)
Cht lng hc
sinh u vo t Cha hi
1 4,2 3,5 -0,7
tiu chun chng lng
trnh
Cc yu cu, tiu
Cha hi
2 ch i vi hc 3,9 3,4 -0,5
lng
sinh cao
thc hc sinh
Cha hi
3 chun mc, l 4,0 3,3 -0,7
lng
trong trng hc
Trung bnh cng Cha
4,0 3,3 -0,7
hi lng

Bng 3.11 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc sinh

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Hc sinh cng l nhn t quan trng trong vic nh gi mc hi lng i vi cc

chng trnh o to cht lng cao cc trng THPT trn a bn H Ni bi chnh cc
em l ngi trc tip th hng v nh gi chng trnh o to, cng chnh l nhn t
lm nn s thnh cng ca chng trnh o to. Hc sinh tham gia vo chng trnh cht
lng cao khng ch tri qua k thi THPT khc nghit nh bao hc sinh khc m cn phi
t c im s cao, vt trn tiu chun u vo ca chng trnh. Hc sinh trng
THPT H Ni - Amsterdam phi thi thm mt mn hc, gi l mn chuyn, vo c
lp chuyn m cc em mun hc. T l chi kh cao v y l mt trng THPT c ting
trn a bn H Ni, s lng u vo l rt t so vi tng s hc sinh d thi trn ton
thnh ph.
 65

Kt qu phn tch cho thy bin Hc sinh c nh hng mc tiu r rng c im

khong cch chnh lch gia mong i v thc trng l cao nht (-1,3 im), sau n
bin thc hc sinh chun mc, l trong trng hc v Cht lng hc sinh u vo
t tiu chun chng trnh u c (-0,7 im). iu th hin hc sinh ca chng
trnh cht lng cao c nhng t cht cha phn no p ng c mong i ca ph
huynh v hc sinh.

3.3
thc hc sinh chun mc, l
trong trng hc 4

3.4
Cc yu cu, tiu ch i vi hc sinh
cao 3.9

3.5
Cht lng hc sinh u vo t tiu
chun chng trnh 4.2

Thc trng Mong i 0 1 2 3 4 5

Biu 3.8 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc sinh

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Hin nay vn tn ti mt s t hc sinh c thi khng ng mc, thiu l i vi gio

vin, khng tn trng ni quy, vi phm k lut nh trng, khng c thc bo v ti sn,
c s vt cht ca nh trng, coi thng bn b.

3.3.5 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi c s vt cht ca chng trnh

PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni
C s vt cht c s dng bao gm cc trang thit b, cng c h tr hc tp v ging
dy, l mt trong nhng yu t nh gi s hi lng v cc chng trnh o to cht
lng cao. i vi phng php ging dy mi kt hp cung cp kin thc vi cc hnh
thc thuyt trnh, xem phim ti liu, vic s dng cc thit b gio v trc quan cc tr
 66

nn ph bin. Cc lp hc u c sc cha 40-50 hc sinh vi h thng bn gh, bng,

qut, bn ung nc, rt rng ri, thong mt vo c ma ng ln ma h. Nhiu lp
hc c th cn c u t my chiu, my tnh, ti vi, loa, mic cht lng cao, t sch
phc v cc mc ch hc tp v ging dy khc nhau ca hc sinh v gio vin, ph hp
vi quy m phng hc. V vy, vic tip thu bi ging ca hc sinh c nng cao. Ngoi
ra, cc phng th nghim vt l, sinh-ha u c u t k lng, y dng c th
nghim, hc sinh c gio vin hng dn s dng ti a cc thit b phc v bi hc.
Phng my tnh nhiu khi cn mt s my b hng, b li nhng cha c sa cha kp
thi, nh hng n vic hc tp ca hc sinh. Phn ln hc sinh c phng vn u c
kin rng mnh hay nhn m khng dm i nh v sinh v khng sch s, c mi khai,
hi thi kh chu.

Ngoi nhng ti liu hc tp do gio vin trc tip s dng, th vin cng l ni cung cp
ti liu hc tp v ging dy, c khi lng sch ln, phong ph nhng cha c sp xp
chn lc, thng nht nn khng pht huy c tt kh nng ca n. Ti nhiu trng hc,
th vin cha phi l ni hc sinh hay tm n mi khi cn thm ti liu tham kho, thay
vo cc em hay tm kim trn mng,

Ngoi nhng trang thit b phc v hc tp v ging dy, nhiu trng THPT p dng m
hnh o to cht lng cao cn ch trng vo vic xy dng c s vt cht p ng nhu
cu hot ng ngoi kha ca hc sinh nh xy dng nh th cht, sn bng , bng r,
cng tin,

Khong cch
STT Cc yu t Mong i Thc trng Kt qu
(T-M)
Phng hc rng
Cha hi
1 ri, thong mt, 4,3 3,7 -0,6
lng
sch s
2 Bn gh y 4,4 4,0 -0,4 Hi lng
Phng hc y
3 4,4 4,0 -0,4 Hi lng
nh sng
H thng qut in Cha hi
4 4,4 3,8 -0,6
y lng
Trang thit b hc
5
tp y
4,3 3,7 -0,6 Cha hi
 67

lng
Trung bnh cng 4,4 3,7 -0,5 Hi lng

Bng 3.12 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t C s v t cht

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

L chng trnh c s u t ln ca thnh ph H Ni, cc yu t thuc phm vi c s

vt cht, thit b ging dy ca chng trnh o to cht lng cao u t im thc
trng ngng 4,0 im. Kt qu phn tch cho thy khong cch gia thc trng v mong
i ca cc yu t iu tra u c khong cch tng i nh, iu ny chng t cc yu
t c s vt cht u p ng phn ln mong i t pha ngi tham gia chng trnh. C
th l:

im khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca cc bin trong nhn t C s

vt cht u >-1, mc khong cch trung bnh.
Khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca cc bin Phng hc rng ri, thong
mt, sch s, H thng qut in y , Trang thit b hc tp y u c im
khong cch cao nht (-0,6 im)
Nhn t C s vt cht l nhn t m ngi tip nhn chng trnh cm thy hi
lng.

3.7
Trang thit b hc tp y
4.3

3.8
H thng qut in y
4.4

4
Phng hc y nh sng
4.4

4
Bn gh y
4.4

3.7
Phng hc rng ri, thong mt, sch s
4.3

Thc trng Mong i 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6
 68

Biu 3.9 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t C s vt cht

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

3.3.6 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi hc ph v cc chi ph khc ca

chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni
Nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc cng l mt trong cc yu t c nhm nghin
cu s dng nh gi mc hi lng v chng trnh o to cht lng cao bc
THPT trn a bn H Ni. Thi gian u khi p dng chng trnh cht lng cao, nhiu
ph huynh cn t ra lo lng v vic tng hc ph hng thng. Tuy nhin, thc t khng
nh rng hc ph bc THPT khng c s thay i ln, ph hp vi iu kin gia nh
ca hc sinh ang theo hc ti cc trng c m hnh o to cht lng cao. Tuy nhin,
cc khon h tr, hc bng mc d u c nh gi hi lng nhng vn cha c nh
mong i ca hc sinh.

Kt qu phn tch phiu iu tra cho thy, im khong cch gia mong i v thc trng
ca cc bin thuc nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc u trong khong t (-0,5) n (-
1) im. C th hiu rng, nhng yu t v chi ph hc tp v h tr hc tp khng nh
hng qu ln n s hi lng v cht lng chng trnh o to cht lng cao. C th
l:

4.3 4.3
4.5 4.1 4.1
4 3.6 3.6 3.6
3.3
3.5
3
2.5
2
Mong i
1.5
1 Thc trng
0.5
0
Hc ph hng Cch thu hc ph Hc bng, H tr hc ph
thng ph hp hp l phn thng cho hc sinh
cho hc sinh ngho, con
c kt qu hc thng binh
tp xut sc lit s, dn
tc..

Biu 3.10 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc

 69

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Khong cch
STT Cc yu t Mong i Thc trng Kt qu
(T-M)
Hc ph hng
1 4,1 3,6 -0,5 Hi lng
thng ph hp
Cch thu hc ph
2 4,1 3,6 -0,5 Hi lng
hp l
Hc bng, phn
thng cho hc Cha hi
3 4,3 3,3 -1,0
sinh c kt qu hc lng
tp xut sc
H tr hc ph cho
hc sinh ngho, Cha hi
4 4,3 3,6 -0,7
con thng binh lng
lit s, dn tc
Trung bnh cng Cha
4,2 3,5 -0,7
hi lng

Bng 3.13 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

im khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc ph

v cc chi ph khc u >-1, khong cch trung bnh.
Khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca bin Hc bng, phn thng cho hc
sinh c kt qu hc tp xut sc l (-1,0 im), cao nht trong cc bin c iu
tra.
Bin Hc ph hng thng ph hp v Cch thu hc ph hp l c im khong cch
gia mong i v thc trng thp nht (-0,5 im).
Nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc cha p ng c s hi lng ca ngi
tip nhn chng trnh.
 70

3.3.7 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi hc liu ca chng trnh PTTH

cht lng cao ti H Ni
Cho d gio vin dng phng php ging dy mi hay phng php truyn thng th
nhn t quan trng nht, thit yu nht trong qu trnh ging dy v hc tp chnh l Hc
liu. Hin nay, b sch gio khoa s dng trong cc trng THPT trn a bn H Ni u
ging nhau, tc l s lng kin thc ca cc hc sinh l nh nhau cho d cc em c theo
hc chng trnh cht lng cao hay khng. Trong khi tin hnh phng vn iu tra, nhm
nghin cu tip nhn nhiu kin nh gi ch quan v nhn t Hc liu. C th l,
nhiu hc sinh THPT cho rng c nhng kin thc ca mn hc bt buc s khng c
s dng trong nhng nm sau khi cc em tt nghip cp ba, v vy phn kin thc y nn
c gim ti sao cho ph hp. Thm vo , nhiu hc sinh cm thy s lng l thuyt
cc em phi hc cn nhiu, t cc v d thc t minh ha, nhiu thng tin, s liu mang tnh
thi s cn cha c cp nht (v d: sch a l cn s dng cc thng tin t nm 2007
trong khi hin ti l nm 2014,)

Ngoi nhng ti liu hc tp do gio vin trc tip s dng, th vin cng l ni cung cp
ti liu hc tp v ging dy, c khi lng sch ln, phong ph nhng cha c sp xp
chn lc, thng nht nn khng pht huy c tt kh nng ca n. Ti nhiu trng hc,
th vin cha phi l ni hc sinh hay tm n mi khi cn thm ti liu tham kho, thay
vo cc em hay tm kim trn mng,

Khong cch
STT Cc yu t Mong i Thc trng Kt qu
(T-M)

Ti liu, t liu
bng m thanh,
hnh nh, cng c Cha hi
1 4,1 3,3 -0,8
phc v hc tp lng
c cung cp, s
dng y .

Cha
Trung bnh cng 4,1 3,3 -0,8
hi lng

Bng 3.14 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc liu

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu
 71

Kt qu phn tch cho thy, im khong cch gia thc trng v mong i ca cc bin
thuc nhn t Hc liu u trn di (-1,0 im), t c th thy nhn t Hc liu
trong cc trng THPT p dng m hnh chng trnh cht lng cao hin nay cng cha
phn no p ng c mong i t pha ngi s dng, th hng chng trnh.

3.3
Ti liu, t liu bng m thanh, hnh
ng, cng c phc v hc tp c
cung cp, s dng y 4.1

Thc trng Mong i 0 1 2 3 4 5

Biu 3.11 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Hc liu

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Ti phin hp th 27 ca y ban Thng v Quc hi, Quc hi kha XII, y ban

Thng v Quc hi cho kin v vic ban hnh Ngh quyt ca Quc hi v i mi
chng trnh, sch gio khoa gio dc ph thng v D tho n i mi chng trnh,
sch gio khoa gio dc ph thng sau nm 2015. Th trng B GD&T Nguyn Vinh
Hin cho bit: "Trong d kin i mi, th dy tch hp s khin s mn hc gim i, ni
dung c xem xt chu o, khng chng cho. Thit k chng trnh theo hng phn
ha s pht huy nng lc ring tng hc sinh. Nhng iu ny s khc phc tnh trng qu
ti nh hin nay. Theo , Bc THPT, tip tc thc hin tch hp. Lp 11 v 12 l giai
on thc hin phn ha mnh v hng nghip cao. Hc sinh hc t mn, trong mt s
mn bt buc v mt s mn t chn. D kin c 3 mn bt buc (Ting Vit, Ton v
Ngoi ng). ng thi, hc sinh c chn 3 mn/ch trong danh mc cc mn/ch
t chn nh Vt l, Ha, Sinh, Lch s, a l, Cng ngh, Khoa hc v my tnh, Kinh
doanh, Ngoi ng 2, Ngh thut, Hng nghip,
 72

Tuy nhin, D tho ny ang gp phi nhiu kin tri chiu v tnh thc thi ca n cng
chi ph khng l phi b ra hon thnh n ny. Theo thng bo ca Vn phng Chnh
ph, Th tng Chnh ph ng vi ngh ca B trng B Gio dc v o to
v vic xin rt n sch gio khoa mi ra khi Chng trnh K hp th 7, Quc hi
kha XIII.

Trong qu trnh iu tra, nhm nghin cu c tin hnh phng vn b Nghim Hng
Hong, nguyn Ph Hiu trng trng THPT Phan Huy Ch. B cho bit, sch gio khoa
s dng hin nay cha t yu cu v cn phi c l trnh v o to c bn t gc r bi
hin nay chng cha c tnh h thng.

3.3.8 Thc trng s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi cc hot ng b tr ca chng

trnh PTTH cht lng cao trn a bn H Ni
im ng khen ngi ca chng trnh o to cht lng cao bc THPT hin nay chnh
l vic kt hp gia hc tp cc mn hc bt buc trn lp vi cc hot ng ngoi gi ln
lp. Ngoi cc mn hc bt buc ging nh cc trng THPT khc, nhiu mn hc b
tr c b sung nhm ph hp vi nhu cu, xu hng pht trin quc t, v d nh k
nng mm, k nng thuyt trnh trc m ng, k nng lnh o, gip kch thch s
am m trong hc tp ca hc sinh, chun b nhng k nng cn thit hc sinh t tin vo
kh nng ca mnh. Cc hot ng b tr cn bao gm cc cuc thi th dc th thao, vn
ha vn ngh, hi tho du hc, hng nghip, ngy cng tr nn ph bin bi cc c s
gio dc u nhn thc c tm quan trng ca vic nng cao cc k nng sng cn thit
cng nh cc hot ng vui chi, gii tr nhng vn c tnh gio dc cao trong nh trng.
Nhiu c s gio dc cn tch cc khuyn khch hc sinh tham gia cc cuc thi nghin cu
khoa hc, cuc thi nh lnh o tr, gip hc sinh tham gia vo cc cuc thi mang tm
c quc, quc t, Trng THPT H Ni Amsterdam lun i u trong cc cuc thi hc
sinh gii quc gia, quc t, cc hot ng ngoi kha, cc cuc thi ti nng ngay trong
trng, cc cu lc b do chnh cc em hc sinh t mnh ng ra t chc v duy tr hot
ng di s gip tn tnh ca gio vin, li n tng tt trong mt ph huynh trong
v ngoi trng v mt th h tng lai ca t nc nng ng, sng to, dm ngh dm
lm. Hi tho hng nghip Multimedia ca trng Phan nh Phng va qua cng
li nhng suy ngh tch cc v mt nh trng hin i, quan tm n hc sinh khng ch
trong hc tp m cn trong cc hot ng ngoi gi. Nhng gii bng , bng r, vn
ngh cho mng cc ngy l ln vn din ra u n qua cc nm hc. Nhng hot ng
ny c li ch rt ln trong vic khuyn khch hc sinh khm ph tnh cch bn thn, gip
 73

cc em ha ng hn vi tp th lp, trng, khin thi gian i hc ca cc em tr nn c

ngha hn.
Kt qu phn tch cho thy im thc trng ca cc bin thuc nhn t Cc hot ng b
tr u cao, im khong cch tng i nh, p ng c phn ln mong i t pha
ngi s dng chng trnh. C th l:

Khong cch
STT Cc yu t Mong i Thc trng Kt qu
(T-M)
Cc hot ng
gip hc sinh nng Cha hi
1 4,1 3,1 -1,0
cao t duy, nhn lng
thc
Pht trin k nng
t pht trin, t Rt
2 hc, t nghin 4,1 3,0 -1,1 khng
cu, suy ngh sng hi lng
to
Pht trin k nng
lm vic nhm, Cha hi
3 4,1 3,1 -1,0
gii quyt vn , lng
x l thng tin
Cha
Trung bnh cng 4,1 3,1 -1,0
hi lng

Bng 3.15 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t Cc hot ng b tr

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

Khong cch gia thc trng v mong i ca cc bin u mc trung bnh, tm

thi p ng c s hi lng ca ngi tip nhn chng trnh.
Hai bin Cc hot ng gip hc sinh nng cao t duy, nhn thc v Pht trin k
nng lm vic nhm, gii quyt vn , x l thng tin u c im khong cch
gia mong i v thc trng l (-1,0 im).
Bin Pht trin k nng t pht trin, t hc, t nghin cu, suy ngh sng to c
im khong cch gia mong i v thc trng l (-1,1 im).
 74

Nhn t Cc hot ng b tr l nhn t m ngi tip nhn chng trnh cm

thy tm hi lng.

4.5
4.1 4.1 4.1
4

3.5
3.1 3 3.1
3

2.5

2
Mong i
1.5
Thc trng
1

0.5

0
Cc hot ng gip hc Pht trin k nng t Pht trin k nng lm
sinh nng cao t duy, pht trin, t hc, t vic nhm, gii quyt
nhn thc nghin cu, suy ngh vn , x l thng tin
sng to

Biu 3.12 im trung bnh ca cc bin trong nhn t

Cc hot ng b tr
Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

3.4 KT LUN CHUNG V S HI LNG CA HC SINH VI CHNG

TRNH PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI
3.4.1 nh gi chung v s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht
lng cao H Ni
Trong mi nhn t tng im ca cc cu hi c cng dn li v chia trung bnh cho s
lng cu hi. S chnh lch gia im mong i v im thc trng th hin cht lng
ca dch v. Nu cc gi tr khong cch trong cc nhn t < 0 chng t thc trng dch v
cha p ng c mong i ca ngi dn v cn c nhng gii php hp l khc
phc v nng cao cht lng dch v.

Cht lng dch v gio dc o to cht lng cao bc THPT ti 3 qun ni thnh H
Ni c nh gi mc (3,29 im) trong khi mong i ca ngi dn t mc (4,11
im), khong cch trung bnh l (-0,82). Sau khi phn tch nhm nghin cu xc nh
 75

c nhn t tim nng nht v nhn t cn phi iu chnh nng cao cht lng dch
v. Khong cch ca cc nhn t c tng hp trong bng 3.10 di y:

Hi
Khong cch
Nhn t Mong i Thc trng lng/Cha
(T-M)
hi lng

i ng gio vin 4,0 3,2 -0,8 Cha hi

lng
Ni dung chng trnh o to 4,1 2,8 -1,3 Rt khng
hi lng
Phng php ging dy 4,1 3,1 -1,0 Cha hi
lng
Hc sinh 4,0 3,3 -0,7 Cha hi
lng
C s vt cht 4,4 3,9 -0,5 Hi lng

Hc ph v cc chi ph khc 4,2 3,5 -0,7 Cha hi

lng
Hc liu 4,1 3,3 -0,8 Cha hi
lng
Cc hot ng b tr 4,1 3,1 -1,0 Cha hi
lng

Bng 3.16 Khong cch ca cc nhn t

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

+ Nhn t C s vt cht l nhn t tim nng nht, c im khong cch gia mong
i v thc trng ca nhn t ny l nh nht (-0,5 im). Trong , im mong i l
(4,4) v im thc trng l (3,9. Thng qua nhn t ny c th thy mong i v cht
lng dch v gio dc o to cht lng cao bc THPT c p ng nhiu nht, so
snh vi cc nhn t cn li.

Ba bin trong nhn t C s vt cht th hin mong i ca ngi s dng dch v cha
c p ng l Phng hc rng ri, thong mt, sch s, H thng qut in y v
 76

Trang thit b hc tp y . V vy, cc c s gio dc cn c nhng gii php hp l

nng cao cht lng phng hc, cc trang thit b, gio c trc quan nhm to iu kin
hc sinh c hc tp trong mi trng chun.

i ng ging vin
5
4 Ni dung
Cc hot ng 4
3.2 chng trnh o
b tr 4.1
3 to
3.1 2.8 4.1
2
1 Mong i
4.1
3.1 Phng php
Hc liu 3.3 0 Thc trng
4.1 ging dy

3.6 3.3
4.1
Hc ph v cc chi 3.9 4
Hc sinh
ph khc
4.4
C s vt cht

Biu 3.13 Khong cch gia cc nhn t

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

+ Nhn t c khong cch m ln nht l Ni dung chng trnh o to. Khong cch
m ln nht ca nhn t ny l (-1,3 im) v cc cu hi kho st th hin ni dung
chng trnh ging dy cha p ng c mong i ca ngi dn: kin thc nng n, d
tha, thiu tnh thc tin; hc sinh vn cn b ph thuc nhiu vo sch gio khoa, cha
c lp suy ngh, thot ly khi phm vi lp hc, em l thuyt p dng vo thc t x hi;
vic phn ban bc THPT cn gy p lc hc tp nng n, thiu kin thc vn ha c bn,
dn n hc lch; chng trnh o to cha pht huy c ti a kh nng t duy sng
to, kh nng t hc ca hc sinh;

Trong nhn t ny, mc mong i ca ngi dn l (4,1 im) tuy nhin thc t h ch
c cung cp dch v mc (2,8 im). Khong cch gia mong i v thc trng ca
nhn t Ni dung chng trnh o to l (-1,3 im), ln nht so snh vi cc nhn t
khc. Nh trng, cc c s gio dc v cc c quan chc nng c thm quyn cn nhanh
chng a ra cc bin php khc phc ph hp nng cao s hi lng i vi cht lng
ca chng trnh o to cht lng cao.
 77

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1

-1.2

-1.4
Ni Hc
i Phng Cc
dung ph v
ng php Hc C s Hc hot
chng cc chi
ging ging sinh vt cht liu ng
trnh ph
vin dy b tr
o to khc
Khong cch -0.8 -1.3 -1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -1

Biu 3.14 Khong cch gia Thc trng v Mong i ca cc nhn t

Ngun: Kt qu iu tra ca nhm nghin cu

6 nhn t cn li u c im khong cch cht lng dch v < 0, l cc nhn t: i

ng gio vin, Phng php ging dy, Hc sinh, Hc ph, Hc liu v Cc
hot ng b tr. Cc khong cch c gi tr m th hin vic cht lng dch v gio dc
o to cht lng cao thc t m ngi th hng nhn c cha p ng c nh
cht lng h mong mun.

Phng php ging dy v Hc liu l hai nhn t rt ng c quan tm. thu hp

khong cch ca 2 nhn t ny nh trng v cc c quan chc nng cn ch hn na v
mong i cht lng dch v t pha ngi s dng. Phng php ging dy v Cc
hot ng b tr l hai nhn t c khong cch l (-1,0 im). Hai nhn t ny th hin
rng thc t h cha c tha mn, v vy rt cn c s iu chnh ph hp p ng
c mong i v yu cu ca hc sinh, i tng trc tip th hng dch v. Phng
php ging dy hp l, sng to, khng g b trong khun mu s khuyn khch, ng vin
hc sinh hc tp, pht huy kh nng ca bn thn. Cc hot ng b tr phong ph, a
dng pht trin tnh cch, rn luyn k nng cn thit cho tng lai.

Ngoi ra, hai bin trong nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc th hin mong i ca
ngi s dng dch v cng cha c p ng l Hc bng, phn thng cho hc sinh c
 78

kt qu hc tp xut sc v H tr hc ph cho hc sinh ngho, con thng binh lit s,

dn tc. Do , nh trng cn c nhng hnh thc khen thng hp l i vi hc sinh
t thnh tch cao trong hc tp, cng nh cc hnh thc h tr cho hc sinh c hon cnh
gia nh kh khn khuyn khch, to ng lc hc tp lnh mnh cho cc em.

3.4.2 Phn tch m hnh hi quy lm r vai tr ca cc yu t to nn s hi lng

ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni
Nhm nghin cu tin hnh phn tch hi quy a bin.
Coefficients
Unstandardized Standardized Collinearity
Coefficients Coefficients Statistics
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Tolerance VIF
1 (Constant) 0,044 0,210 0,208 0,009
MeanDNGV 0,116 0,081 0,104 1,309 0,000 0,335 2,984
MeanCTDT 0,220 0,083 0,214 2,649 0,003 0,326 3,068
MeanPPGD 0,158 0,086 0,059 0,679 0,000 0,285 3,510
MeanHS 0,112 0,077 0,102 1,468 0,011 0,446 2,240
MeanCSVC 0,270 0,070 0,270 3,862 0,000 0,438 2,285
MeanHPhi -0,026 0,051 -0,030 0,504 0,000 0,586 1,706
MeanHL -0,046 0,068 -0,051 0,673 0,000 0,369 2,708
MeanHDBT 0,317 0,071 0,354 4,473 0,010 0,342 2,927
a. Dependent Variable: MeanTM

Bng 3.17 Bng kt qu hi quy ca bin TM theo 8 bin c lp

Ngun: Kt qu phn tch ca nhm nghin cu

Kt qu phn tch hi quy bin TM theo 8 bin c lp bng phng php Enter cho thy
bin Hc ph v bin Hc liu c h s beta m. T phng trn suy ra yu t Hc
ph v Hc liu c tc ng ngc chiu ti s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng
trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni.

Phng trnh hi quy mu ca m hnh:

HL = 0.44 + (0.116*DNGV) + (0.22*NDCT) + (0.158*PPGD) + (0.112*HS)

+ (0.27*CSVC) + (-0.26*HP) + (-0.46*HL) + (0.328*HDBT)

 79

T phng trnh trn, c th kt lun (1) mc nh hng ca nhn t Hot ng b

tr ln s hi lng v cht lng chng trnh o to CLC l cao nht. (2) Mc nh
hng ca nhn t Ni dung hng trnh o to ln s hi lng v cht lng chng
trnh o to CLC l mnh th hai. (3) Mc nh hng ca nhn t Phng php
ging dy ln s hi lng v cht lng chng trnh o to CLC l mnh th ba. (4) (5)
(6) ln lt l mc nh hng ca nhn t i ng gio vin, C s vt cht, Hc
sinh. (7) v (8) l mc nh hng ca nhn t Hc ph v Hc liu, hai nhn t c
nh hng ngc chiu n s hi lng t pha hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht
lng cao ti H Ni. y l kt lun quan trng nhm gip nhm nghin cu a ra
nhng kin ngh ph hp trong chng 4.

3.4.3 Nguyn nhn ca s cha hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH

cht lng cao ti H Ni

*Vn ha - x hi

X hi hin i ngy cng pht trin, ngi dn d dng tip cn c vi nhng dch v
c cht lng cao t khp ni trn th gii, hoc c th tip nhn thng tin v nhng sn
phm, dch v ny qua cc phng tin i chng, qua mng x hi. Cuc sng tr nn
kh gi, kh nng chi tr c th hng dch v cao hn tng ln, v vy s i hi
trong cuc sng ngy cng cao, h mong i cht lng gio dc nc nh c i mi,
nng cao ton din, nht l bc ph thng v y l bc hc quan trng i vi s pht
trin ca mi con ngi. Trn thc t, nhng thay i, ci bin ca cht lng dch v gio
dc trong nc, t i ng gio vin n c s vt cht, cha p ng c nhu cu ca
mt b phn khng nh ngi dn. Bn cnh cc trng cng lp v dn lp do Nh nc
u t v qun l, s xut hin ca ngy cng nhiu cc trng hc mang tiu chun quc
t, cc c s gio dc quc t s khin h phn vn v so snh nn nhng quyt nh v
ni hc tp ngy cng tr nn a dng. Gia v vn la chn, ph huynh hc sinh thng
c xu hng chn nhng ni cung cp dch v gio dc tt hn cho d phi tr chi ph cao
hn v h tin tng chi ph cao hn ng ngha vi cht lng o to tt hn. Nu xt n
phng din cht lng dch v c s gio dc cung cp, cc chng trnh o to CLC
Vit Nam ni chung v H Ni ni ring cha tm snh vi cc c s gio dc
nc ngoi.
 80

*C ch chnh sch

Khch hng ca gio dc o to khng ch c ph huynh hc sinh m cn c c i ng

gio vin, nhng ngi truyn ti kin thc trc tip n hc sinh. Hin nay, c ch chnh
sch v gio dc ca Vit Nam cn cha khuyn khch c ngi ti, khng to iu kin
nhng ngi c chuyn mn s phm gii, t cch o c tt pht huy nng lc ca
mnh. Ch chnh sch dnh cho gio vin khng th gip h m bo cuc sng ca
mnh, v th s nhit tnh ging dy s gim i, h s quay sang tm kim v la chn
nhng ngh nghip khc em li nhiu li ch ti chnh hn. Khng ch vy, cc c ch
tuyn chn, phn phi gio vin cn thiu cng bng, dn ch, khin nhng sinh vin gii
ngnh s phm hoc c nng khiu s phm s tm vic lm khc c c hi thng tin cao
hn tay v i ging dy cc trng ph thng. C ch thng pht khng cng bng, cn
c vo kinh nghim ch khng phi vo nhng ng gp trong cng vic, nhng g nhng
ngi thc s phn u sc tr ng gp vo s ci tin phng php gio dc khng khc
g nhng ngi hng ngy i dy theo phng php ging dy truyn thng s lm gim
nng sut, hn ch s sng to trong ngh nghip. Mt khc, iu kin c s vt cht cn
ngho nn, trang thit b dy hc cha c phn phi s dng hp l trong qu trnh ging
dy, cha p ng c nhu cu nghin cu khi gio vin mun tm hiu cch thc ging
dy khc li cun hn.

Ngoi ra, cch thc thi c, nh gi cht lng hc sinh cn cha ng b, cha nh gi
c thc lc ca hc sinh, iu ny tc ng tiu cc khng nh n s tha mn ca hc
sinh v gio vin.

*Hnh vi, thi quen

Cc trng THPT hin nay vn s dng phng php ging dy truyn thng thy c tr
chp. Mc d c p dng cc phng tin in t vo hc tp v ging dy nhng ch
mt s mn hc nht nh do iu kin c s vt cht khng cho php. Phng php ging
dy cn cha phong ph, li cun, khi dy nim am m hc tp trong c nhn mi hc
sinh. Cc bi hc trn lp cn t s tng tc gia ngi ni v ngi nghe, thiu s trao
i trc tip, by t quan im, kin c nhn v ni dung bi hc, nhiu khi cn b p
buc suy ngh theo mt chiu dn n hc sinh thiu kh nng phn tch phn bin, sng
to trong t duy, t gic trong tip thu kin thc
 81

*Ti liu hc tp

Cho d phng php ging dy v i ng gio vin c i mi n u nhng ti liu hc

tp cn ngho nn v lc hu, thiu tnh cp nht th s hi lng i vi chng trnh o
to CLC s cn b nh hng. Hin nay, hc sinh vn cm thy cha tha mn vi khi
lng kin thc hc tp khng l, t c p dng vo thc tin nn cc em s cm thy
vic hc nhng kin thc ny l khng cn thit. Vic theo hc ti chng trnh CLC
dng nh khng khc cc chng trnh o to THPT khc v vn s dng chung mt b
sch gio khoa.
 82

CHNG 4
XUT, KIN NGH NHM NNG CAO S HI LNG I VI CHNG
TRNH PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI

Da trn kt qu kim nh cc tiu ch v phn tch phng trnh hi quy trn mu iu

tra trong chng 3 cng kt lun v mc nh hng ca cc nhn t Hot ng b
tr, Ni dung chng trnh o to, Phng php ging dy, i ng gio vin,
C s vt cht, Hc sinh ln s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht
lng cao, nhm nghin cu a ra nhng kin ngh, gii php nhm ci thin s hi lng
ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni.

4.1 PHNG HNG PHT TRIN CHNG TRNH PTTH CHT LNG
CAO H NI N 2020
4.1.1 Mc tiu v nh hng pht trin kinh t - x hi n 2020 v tm nhn n
nm 2030 ca H Ni
Nm 2011, Chnh Ph ph duyt Chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi thnh ph H
Ni n nm 2030, tm nhn n nm 2050, Quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh t - x
hi thnh ph H Ni n nm 2020, nh hng n nm 2030, Quy hoch chung xy
dng Th H Ni n nm 2030, tm nhn n nm 2050. y l nhng cn c php
l rt quan trng xy dng v pht trin th theo hng vn minh, hin i. Theo ,
H Ni s xy dng v pht trin tr thnh Thnh ph anh - Vn hin - Vn Minh -
Hin i, trn nn tng pht trin bn vng, H Ni trong tng lai s pht trin nng ng
v hiu qu, l biu tng cho c nc, ng vai tr trung tm hnh chnh - chnh tr Quc
gia, trung tm ln ca Quc gia v vn ho - khoa hc - gio dc - kinh t,.... H Ni
cng s hnh thnh h thng cc khu hnh chnh, chnh tr ca Trung ng v thnh ph,
c h thng cng s hin i, vi nhng kin trc c trng tiu biu ca Th . Vo nm
2030, H Ni s l mt Th vn minh, vi t chc x hi ph hp vi trnh tin tin
v kinh t tri thc v cng ngh thng tin, c nhng h thng cng trnh vn ha tiu biu
ca c nc. H Ni s l Th c khng gian xanh, sch, p, hin i, c kin trc
th mang du n ca mt Th ngn nm vn hin v mang m bn sc vn ha ca dn
tc. V hon thnh tt nhng mc tiu , H Ni cn c ngun nhn lc cht lng
cao m ngnh gio dc ng vai tr quan trng trong vic o to ngun nhn lc y.
 83

H Ni ra mc tiu tc tng trng GDP bnh qun thi k 2011-2015 l 10%/nm,

thi k 2016- 2020 t 9%/nm v khong 8%/nm thi k 2021-2030. n nm 2015,
GDP bnh qun u ngi ca H Ni t khong 3.300 USD, n nm 2020 t 5.300
USD v nm 2030 t 11.000 USD (tnh theo gi thc t). Tc tng gi tr xut khu
trn a bn bnh qun l 10-12%/nm thi k 2011-2015 v 14-15% thi k 2016-2020.
Quy m dn s H Ni n nm 2015 t 7,2-7,3 triu ngi, nm 2020 t khong 7,9-8
triu ngi v nm 2030 t khong 9,4-9,5 triu ngi. T l lao ng qua o to
khong 55-60% vo nm 2015 v 70-75% vo nm 2020, a Th tr thnh trung tm
o to cht lng cao ca c nc v c tm c khu vc.H Ni t mc tiu xy dng
nn vn ha tin tin, giu bn sc dn tc, ngi H Ni thanh lch, vn minh. T l
th ha ca H Ni nm 2015 khong 46-47%, nm 2020 t 54-55%

p ng c nhu cu u t, thnh ph H Ni ra h thng cc bin php huy

ng vn mt cch tch cc, trong ngun ni lc l ch yu, huy ng ti a ngun vn
t qu t, t ti sn cng thuc s hu Nh nc pht trin th, kt cu h tng, ch
trng thu hi vn t cc thnh phn kinh t ngoi quc doanh, pht trin vn ha xng tm
vi truyn thng, y mnh x hi ha trong cc lnh vc y t, vn ha, th thao... gi
vng v nng cao v th hng u ca gio dc o to.

4.1.2 Mc tiu, phng hng pht trin chng trnh o to PTTH thnh ph
H Ni trong thi gian ti
Thnh ph H Ni bc vo thi k pht trin mi ca t nc theo hng cng nghip
ha, hin i ha. Trc nhng yu cu pht trin mi vi nhiu thun li v nhiu u th
ca thnh ph, ngnh GD-T TP H Ni cng ang phi i mt vi nhiu thch thc.

- Phng hng tng qut: Pht trin gio dc o to phc v c hiu qu pht trin
kinh t - x hi. Phng hng tng qut trn qui nh mc tiu, k hoch, iu l trng
hc, chng trnh gio dc cc cp bc hc nhm to ra ngun nhn lc, li th cnh
tranh a nc ta tr thnh nc pht trin.

- Mc tiu trung tm: Gip hc sinh cng c v pht trin nhng kt qu ca gio dc
trung hc c s, hon thin hc vn ph thng v c nhng hiu bit thng thng v k
thut v hng nghip, ngoi ni dung ch yu nhm bo m chun kin thc ph thng,
c bn, ton din v hng nghip cho mi hc sinh cn c ni dung nng cao mt s
mn hc pht trin nng lc, p ng nguyn vng ca hc sinh, c iu kin pht huy
 84

nng lc c nhn la chn hng pht trin, tip tc hc i hc, cao ng, trung cp,
hc ngh hoc i vo cuc sng lao ng.

a cng tc pht trin gio dc o to thnh ph H Ni pht trin nhanh, mnh, bn

vng vi cht lng ngy cng cao, ngnh gio dc v o to cn c pht trin theo
mt quy hoch lu di, da trn quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh t-x hi chung ca
ton thnh ph v chin lc gio dc n nm 2015 c Chnh ph ph duyt, bo
m cho gio dc o to thnh ph H Ni va tr thnh ng lc cho s pht trin kinh
t - x hi, va l mc tiu ca qu trnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha ca thnh ph theo
quan im pht trin nhn vn.

Quy hoch pht trin gio dc o to thnh ph H Ni giai on 2010-2015 c xy

dng trn c s lm r yu cu v xu hng pht trin kinh t - x hi ca thnh ph n
nm 2015, phn tch v nh gi khch quan hin trng v d bo pht trin gio dc o
to trong cc giai on sp ti. Trn c s , ra h thng quan im, mc tiu, gii
php c bn c tnh chin lc, ph hp vi a bn dn c v quy hoch pht trin ca
thnh ph. l nhng gii php quy hoch h thng gio dc o to cc ngnh hc, bc
hc t gio dc mm non, gio dc ph thng ti gio dc chuyn nghip nhm p ng
yu cu gio dc o to ngy cng cao ca th , chun b tch cc ngun nhn lc cho
mt thnh ph trung tm ca c nc

Xy dng v pht trin gio dc o to ngun nhn lc thnh ph H Ni n nm 2015

va l mt b phn hu c ca quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh t - x hi thnh ph H
Ni, va l s c th ha chin lc pht trin gio dc o to quc gia, ng thi l cn
c xy dng k hoch pht trin gio dc o to ca cc c s gio dc o to, ca
cc bc hc, cp hc trn ton thnh ph. Vic xy dng quy hoch pht trin gio dc o
to l mt cng tc kh khn, phc tp, chu nhiu tc ng ca cc nhn t kinh t, vn
ha, x hi ca a phng cng nh bi cnh kinh t x hi trong nc v quc t. Do ,
chng trnh ny cn c tip tc nghin cu, b sung, iu chnh ph hp theo tng giai
on pht trin kinh t x hi ca thnh ph v ca c nc trong tng lai.
 85

4.2 GII PHP NNG CAO S HI LNG CA HC SINH I VI CHNG

TRNH PTTH CHT LNG CAO H NI

Cc chng trnh a vo nh trng hin ti p ng c bn yu cu ca dch v cht

lng cao. Hin nay, vic thc hin cc chng trnh o to ny cn thi k ban u, cc
trng ch yu t tm hiu v thc hin, cho nn vic thc hin vn cn cha bi bn.

Vn bt cp cn tn ti trong chng trnh o to CLC l vic cha c nh hng tng

th v chng trnh o to cht lng cao t b GD-T, vn ch yu do cc trng v cc
a phng t xy dng v qun l.V vy chng ta cn c nhng gii php nh: cn c s
quan tm ch o t B GD- T, vin nghin cu chin lc xy dng ni dung chng
trnh cho ph hp. c bit l cng tc bi dng gio vin p ng yu cu ging dy
ca chng trnh ny, nht l trong bi cnh gio dc thc hin vic i mi cn bn v
ton din., ng L Ngc Quang - Ph Gim c S Gio dc & o to H Ni

T nhng kin v gp qua phn phng vn ca chuyn gia v gio dc o to, nhm
nghin cu a ra cc gii php c th theo tng tiu ch nh gi s hi lng ca hc sinh
i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni nh sau:

Theo kt qu phn tch t chng 3, yu t Ni dung chng trnh o to v Phng

php ging dy ng vai tr quan trng th 2 v th 3 trong mc nh hng ln s hi
lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni. Trn thc t, trong
qu trnh tin hnh kho st, ly kin hc sinh v ph huynh ti 3 trng THPT nu trn
ti H Ni, nhm nghin cu nhn ra ni dung chng trnh o to cn cha inh hng
i su c th, phng php ging dy cha thc s khuyn khch hc sinh trong qu trnh
hc tp chnh l nguyn nhn chnh dn ti cht lng dch v o to cha c khi sc
hon ton. Nhn thc c tnh nghim trng ca vn , nhm nghin cu a ra mt s
gii php nhm nng cao s hi lng i vi Ni dung chng trnh o to v Phng
php ging dy ca chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao di y.

4.2.1 Hon thin ni dung chng trnh o to

V c thit k theo xu hng chun quc t, ni dung chng trnh o to l mt yu t
ng vai tr then cht trong chng trnh o to cht lng cao.
 86

- Nh trng cn tng bc i mi chng trnh, ni dung o to, p dng chng trnh

v gio trnh tin tin trn th gii; xy dng chng trnh ph hp vi nhu cu thc t,
nng cao kh nng ng dng trong bi cnh bng n thng tin, cng nghip ha, hin i
ha v hi nhp quc t.

- Nh trng cn gim thi gian ging dy l thuyt, tng thi lng nghin cu v thc
hnh, ng dng trong phn b thi gian gia cc mn hc: cc mn bt buc th phi em
li nhng nn tng kin thc vng chc l thuyt, cc mn ng dng, b tr hp l, th v,
phn b thi lng gia hng dn l thuyt v thc hnh ng dng cho tng mn; tng
cng o to v bi dng kin thc ngoi ng, tin hc v k nng cho hc sinh di
nhiu hnh thc nh m cc lp o to ngn hn, cc bui tho lun hoc sinh hot theo
ch . Tt c nhm n mt mc tiu l ni dung chng trnh o to gip pht trin
t cht t duy sng to ca hc sinh, pht trin kh nng t hc ca hc sinh.

4.2.2 i mi v hon thin phng php ging dy

i mi phng php ging dy theo phng chm ly ngi hc lm trung tm, hc i
i vi hnh, bin qu trnh o to thnh t o to. Chuyn i mnh m t dy kin
thc l ch yu sang phng php khai thc thng tin, phng php nghin cu, ng dng
l ch yu c th nh sau:

- m bo ni dung v kin thc c bn cho tng mn hc.

- i mi phng php ging dy ch ng, tc ng a chiu, gip cho hc sinh c tnh

t gic cao, pht trin v ng dng rng ri cc hnh thc ging dy mi, phng php
truyn t d hiu, r rng; khuyn khch hc sinh ng gp xy dng bi; tin hnh nh
gi hiu qu nh k cc phng php ging dy.

- T chc cc hi ngh, hi tho v phng php ging dy; m cc kha o to v

phng php ging dy v chun b cho vic p dng cc phng tin ging dy hin i.

- Cn xc nh phng php ging dy chung ca trng v phng php dy ring cho

tng mn hc, m gio vin ng vai tr ch th ca qu trnh ging gii mn hc.

- Gim bt s gi ln lp, trnh c thoi, hc chay, ginh thi gian cho gio vin t bi
dng, nghin cu; tng cng tnh ch ng, t duy sng to, c lp vi t hc, tng
tho lun, t nhin cu v i thc t.
 87

Ngoi ra, Nh trng cn c nhiu cch thc trong vic nh gi v kim tra kt qu o
to thng qua hnh thc thi cui k, cui nm hc. Xy dng cc bin php nhm kim tra
k nng, k xo tch ly c trong qu trnh hc tp v rn luyn ti Nh trng nh
trnh tin hc, trnh ngoi ng, kh nng lm vic c lp, kh nng lm vic theo
nhm...

4.2.3 Nng cao nng lc cho i ng gio vin

T nhn thc v vai tr ca ngi gio vin, vic nng cao cht lng o to v cht
lng qun l trong nh trng iu u tin cn ch trng l xy dng i ng cn b
ging dy v s lng, vng vng v chuyn mn, ng b c cu qun l v c
chuyn mn nghip v tt; thc y cng tc o to, bi dng i ng cn b ging dy
v cn b qun l trnh cao, c th t chc thm hot ng bi dng trnh ngoi
ng cho i ng cn b ging dy. Nh trng cn c bin php c th nhm bi dng
chuyn mn nghip v cho i ng gio vin nh c i hc tp cc kha o to ngn hn
v chuyn mn, nh k hng nm m cc lp tp hun v nghip v nhm cp nht nhng
thay i trong cc qui nh ca B Gio dc v o to,...

Ngoi ra c th thc hin nhiu gii php qun l c hiu qu xy dng i ng gio
vin v duy tr n np, hot ng, chuyn mn trong nh trng n nh, gp phn to nn
cht lng gio dc ca nh trng ngy cng pht trin nh sau:

- Tng cng nhn thc, cng tc gio dc t tng chnh tr, o c, tc phong lnh
mnh cho gio vin lm cho cn b gio vin trong nh trng nhn thc r vai tr quan
trng ca gio dc v o to trong thi k cng nghip ho, hin i ho, mi thy c
gio thc s l tm gng sng cho hc sinh noi theo. Thng xuyn cho gio vin sinh
hot nng cao t tng chnh tr, coi trng cng tc dn ch c bit khu on kt trong
ni b, gio dc tp th thy r vai tr to ln ca on kt (on kt l nguyn nhn ca
mi thng li). Coi trng cng tc thi ua, cng tc ng vin tuyn truyn, mnh dn t
nim tin vo gio vin khi dy s nng ng sng to, dm ngh, dm lm trong i
ng. y dng mi on kt gn b gia gio vin v ph huynh hc sinh, nu r c
trch nhim ca mi bn cng phi hp gio dc. Xy dng mi quan h on kt gia
gio vin ch nhim vi lnh o ng, chnh quyn a phng, vi Ban gim hiu cng
nh cc t chc on th, cng phi hp lm cng tc gio dc gio dc do to thc s
l s nghip ca ton ng, ton dn. c bit coi trng tinh thn t gic, thc trch
nhim trong vic t hc, t bi dng nhm nng cao trnh chuyn mn, nghip v
p ng vi nhim v mi ca gio dc. Lun coi trng kt qu cht lng gio dc, ly
 88

hc sinh lm thc o cui cng nh gi cht lng v s c gng ca i ng gio

vin.

- Xy dng quy ch lm vic khoa hc nhm nng cao hiu qu ca cc hot ng trong
nh trng. Thc hin mc tiu k hoch, ch o cc t, cc c nhn lm vic theo k
hoch, tt c cng vic phi c k hoch ho, c th ha, tiu chun ho. Thng qua cc
quy ch cn b gio vin c l li lm vic khoa hc, t sit cht c k cng, n
np trong nh trng.

- Xy dng cng c hot ng ca t chuyn mn. y l mt ni dung quan trng ca

cng tc qun l, n c vai tr rt ln trong cng tc bi dng, xy dng i ng gio
vin v cht lng gio dc. Hot ng hiu qu ca mi gio vin s to ra iu kin tt
nht mi gio vin t hc hi ln nhau v kin thc, chuyn mn v nghip v s
phm, t nng cao trnh nng lc ca mnh. Vi vai tr nh vy i hi t chuyn
mn phi c t chc hp l v hot ng c n np v khoa hc. C k hoch dy bi
kh hoc dy rt kinh nghim theo chuyn , phn cng ngi dy c th. Phn cng c
th ngi gip nhng gio vin mi ra trng hoc nhng gio vin cn yu v tng
mt.Thng qua cc phong tro thi ua, gio vin c thm c rt nhiu kinh nghim
trong cng tc ging dy. Hot ng ny tht s thit thc cho cng tc t hc, t rn
luyn ca mi ngi, nng cao phm cht ca mt nh gio.

4.2.4 Pht trin v a dng ha cc hot ng b tr

y l mt trong yu t c tc ng ln nht ti s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng
trnh PTTH cht lng cao. Thc t, hot ng b tr l hot ng theo st v c yu t
pht trin kh nng ca hc sinh, c tnh nh hng, p dng thc tin cao ng thi gio
dc nhn cch hc sinh i vi x hi bn ngoi. Nh trng cn tch cc t chc cc hot
ng mang tnh gio dc cao, gip nng cao t duy, nhn thc, rn luyn th cht cng
nh cc k nng mm, k nng cng cn thit; pht trin k nng t pht trin, t hc, t
nghin cu, suy ngh, sng to; pht trin k nng lm vic nhm, gii quyt vn , x l
thng tin, phc v hc tp v lm vic trong tng lai.

4.2.5 Ci thin v nng cao c s vt cht

i vi cc c s o to ni chung v nh trng ni ring, cht lng o to cng nh
cht lng u ra quyt nh s tn ti v pht trin bn vng ca mi nh trng. C
nhiu yu t nh hng trc tip n cht lng o to, trong khng th khng k n
yu t c s h tng, gio c trc quan,... Do , vic tng cng c s vt cht, trang thit
 89

b tin tin hin i s gp phn nng cao hiu sut lao ng, ng thi nng cao cht
lng o to, m bo cht lng i ng lao ng p ng tt vi yu cu pht trin
kinh t x hi trong xu th hi nhp hin nay. khc phc nhng kh khn hin ti v
p ng yu cu thc t, Nh trng cn u t tng cng trang thit b dy v hc, xy
dng mng li thng tin, th vin v th vin in t mnh p ng nhu cu hc
tp ca hc sinh v nghin cu ca gio vin. Bn cnh , Nh trng cn y mnh trin
khai vic xy dng c s o to mi theo qui hoch ca thnh ph H Ni.

4.2.6 Hon thin nhn cch hc sinh

Hc sinh trung hc ph thng l ngun nhn lc c th tham gia trc tip vo cc hot
ng sn xut ngay sau khi ri gh nh trng, s lng ngun nhn lc ny rt ln. V
vy, trong qu trnh hc tp ngoi vic trang b cho h nhng kin thc khoa hc c h
thng cn phi ch gio dc cho h v nhn cch, hng nghip, trung thc, c hoi bo,
c ch tin th, c thc t chc k lut cao . Hc sinh phi hc y tt c cc mn hc
thuc cc lnh vc khoa hc t nhin, khoa hc x hi v nhn vn, ngh thut, th dc th
thao

Vic hng nghip cho hc sinh hin nay l vn rt quan trng v cn thit c bit l
i vi chng trnh o to cht lng cao c tnh thc tin cao. Hc sinh phi c t
vn gip chn ngnh ngh, vic lm, loi hnh hc tp ph hp vi nng khiu, s
trng, nng lc thc ca mnh th hiu qu o to s cao hn .

Nh trng cn xc nh, nh hng mc ch v ng c hc tp ng n cho hc sinh,

trnh tnh trng thiu nh hng trong hc tp, thiu tinh thn hc tp v nghin cu. Nh
trng cn to mi trng hc tp v nghin cu cho hc sinh vi cc hot ng tp th,
hot ng on; trang b phng tin hc tp nhm p ng yu cu ca cc mn hc
trong qu trnh hc tp v nghin cu ti Nh trng; trang b cho hc sinh phng php
hc tp nhm gip hc sinh hc tp ng n, ph hp vi mi trng gio dc ph thng.
Nh trng cn t chc cc kha hc hoc tho lun chuyn v cc vn lin quan
n qu trnh hc tp nh phng php nghe ging trn lp, phng php t hc, cch
thc c v ghi chp ti liu... gip nng cao nng lc hc trn lp v nng lc t hc, t
nghin cu.

Ngoi cc gii php nu trn, cc c s gio dc o to cng nh cc trng THPT trn

a bn H Ni cn thc hin dn ch ha trng hc, xy dng mi trng gio dc thn
thin, pht huy vai tr trung tm ca hc sinh, vai tr lm ch ca hc sinh, gio vin v
 90

cn b phc v o to. hin thc ha cc gii php trn cn c s ng h, nhn thc

mt cch ng n ca ton th cn b qun l, cn b ging dy, cn b phc v v c
bit l hc sinh ang hc tp ti Nh trng.

4.3 KIN NGH I VI THNH PH H NI

s hi lng i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao c ci thin mt cch trit
th bn cnh s n lc ca pha cc c s gio dc o to, s hp tc ca hc sinh trong
hc tp, s phi hp ca gio vin trong cng tc ging dy th ng gp ca cc c quan
chc nng l khng th thiu.

4.3.1 Kin ngh i vi UBND Thnh ph v cc S ban ngnh

4.3.1.1 Kin ngh i vi UBND Thnh ph H Ni
Sau qu trnh nghin cu k lng, nhm nghin cu nhn thy rng cc quyt nh, chnh
sch c UBND thnh ph H Ni a ra s gp phn khng nh nng cao s hi lng
i vi cc chng trnh o to cht lng cao bc THPT trn a bn H Ni v vy
nhm nghin cu xin c a ra mt s kin ngh sau y:

- ngh UBND thnh ph H Ni thng xuyn xem xt, r sot cc bo co nh k ca

S Gio dc v o to a ra cc quyt nh, chnh sch ph hp, kp thi nhm ci
thin cht lng cc chng trnh o to cht lng cao cc cp ph thng ni chung v
bc THPT ni ring nhm nng cao s hi lng ca ngi s dng, th hng i vi
dch v gio dc trn.

- Cn phn cng quyn hn v ngha v mt cch c th, tng ng vi nhim v cn thc

thi cho cc bn lin quan.

- Ch o, n c cc s, ban, ngnh lin quan thc hin ng v kp thi cc chnh sch

c thng qua v ban hnh.

- Thng xuyn kim tra v kp thi iu chnh cc chnh sch cho ph hp hn trong thc
tin.

- a ra cc chnh sch di hn v l trnh c th trong vic nng cao s hi lng i vi

chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao.

- Tip tc tng cng hn na cc ngun lc u t cho vic pht trin mnh m gio dc
v o to thnh ph, to iu kin cho ngnh thc hin chng trnh xy dng v pht
 91

trin gio dc v o to ngun nhn lc; y mnh x hi ha gio dc thu ht ngun

lc ca x hi cho s nghip gio dc o to, trong c vic pht trin v nng cao cht
lng chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao.

- Tch cc tuyn truyn trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng, bo i v nhng im
c li ca chng trnh THPT cht lng cao, ngi dn c quan nim ng n v m
hnh gio dc o to mi ny v u t cho con em mnh theo hc chng trnh.

4.3.1.2 Kin ngh i vi S Gio dc v o to H Ni

Da trn vic tham kho nhim v ca S Gio dc v o to thnh ph H Ni, nhm
nghin cu a ra nhng kin ngh i vi S nhm nng cao s hi lng i vi m hnh
o to cht lng cao bc THPT ti H Ni.

- Tip tc t chc lc lng thanh tra, nh gi tnh trng cht lng chng trnh o to
cht lng cao trn a bn H Ni nh k mi hc k 1 ln, t xc nh khu vc c c
s gio dc o to khng hon thnh tt nhim v, cht lng dch v gim st, lp danh
sch cc c s gio dc ny v nh k bo co ln y ban Nhn dn Thnh ph H Ni,
B Gio dc v o to theo quy nh ca php lut v vn nu trn nhm c nhng
bin php khc phc v ci thin ph hp. Hot ng thanh tra gio dc phi c thc
hin theo ng php lut, bo m chnh xc, khch quan, trung thc, cng khai, dn ch,
kp thi.

- Kin ngh y ban Nhn dn Thnh ph H Ni dnh ngn sch tha ng v thc hin
nghim tc, quy c cc k hoch nhm ci thin cht lng m hnh gio dc o to cht
lng cao bc THPT trn a bn H Ni, t nhm nng cao s hi lng ca hc sinh v
ph huynh hc sinh i vi chng trnh.

- Phi hp cht ch vi cc c quan c lin quan nhm xy dng, t chc thc hin k
hoch huy ng cc ngun lc nhm ng ph, khc phc nhng s c trong qu trnh thc
hin cc n gio dc, cc k hoch ci thin cht lng o to chng trnh cht lng
cao bc THPT theo yu cu ca y Ban Nhn dn Thnh Ph H Ni.

- u t, phi hp nhiu ngun lc nhm t chc thc hin cc hot ng truyn thng
trn bo i, cc phng tin thng tin i chng tuyn truyn, ph bin, gio dc chng
tiu cc nhm nng cao cht lng gio dc khng ch bc THPT m cn cc cp ph
thng khc.
 92

- em xt k lng ni dung chng trnh o to hin ti, gim ti nhng phn kin thc
d tha, khng cn thit, trnh gy lng ph cho Nh nc v hc sinh; cu trc li chng
trnh THPT sao cho ph hp vi i tng hc sinh khc nhau (hc ht cp THPT ri i
hc ngh, trung cp chuyn nghip, hay thi i hc)

- Thay i phng thc thi c, nh gi, kim nh cht lng hc sinh trong sut qu
trnh hc tp, nht l hc sinh chng trnh o to cht lng cao nh gi hiu qu
ca chng trnh. Gim p lc thi c, bnh thnh tch, i mi quy trnh, tht cht cng tc
qun l thi tt nghip THPT, khng nn s dng kt qu thi tt nghip nh gi kt qu
hc tp THPT cng nh ly kt qu xt tuyn vo cc cp hc cao hn.

- Nghin cu k lng vic phn ban bc THPT, to c hi cho hc sinh c tip thu
mt bng kin thc vn ha chung ging nhau, trnh hc lch, hc t.

- Cn nhc vn hc ph ca chng trnh CLC ti cc trng THPT c s ng b,

hp l.

- Giao quyn t quyt cho cc trng c m hnh cht lng cao cc trng v uy tn v
s sng cn ca m hnh cng nh ca chnh ngi trng m khng nh v pht trin.
Hng nm nh gi theo cht lng u ra ca hc sinh. Qun l theo quy ch ca nh
nc dnh cho cc nh trng.

4.3.2 Kin ngh i vi cc c s gio dc bc THPT

thc hin c nhng gii php nu trn, v pha cc c s gio dc bc THPT hay gi
tt l cc trng THPT, nhm xut mt s kin ngh v iu kin ti chnh v con ngi
ca nh trng. C th l:

- Cng tc tuyn chn, xt duyt gio vin cn c cc trng THPT ch trng u t k

lng, khch quan, trnh tiu cc; kt hp o to i ng gio vin nng ng, sng to,
t duy ci m, bit p dng cc phng php, hnh thc ging dy mi, to cm hng cho
hc sinh, khng ch gii chuyn mn m cn gii phng php s phm; gim bt thnh
phn suy ngh bo th, khng chu i mi

- Ci thin iu kin sng ca cc cn b gio vin bng cch tng lng, tng tin
thng, tng cc khon khen thng khc. Mi nm, nh trng c th t chc nhng k
ngh h nh mt hnh thc khen thng v to ng lc cho cn b cng nhn vin trong
trng lm vic tt hn.
 93

- Thay i t duy gio dc, xc nh r mc tiu, yu cu o to, chc nng ca nh

trng, t ra cch thc thay i phng php dy v hc, thay i ni dung, phng
php t chc qun l gio dc.

- Gim bt thi gian nghe ging l thuyt trn lp, tng cng gi hc s dng cng c
tng tc, gi thc hnh, lm th nghim, quan st thc t; hn ch ti a vic hc thm
ngoi gi gy lng ph thi gian v tin bc; tuy nhin vn phi m bo ni dung v kin
thc c bn ca tng mn hc.

- Tng bc m rng phm vi, hnh thc, i tng c hng dch v gio dc, p dng
cng ngh thng tin vo cng tc ging dy v hc tp, pht trin vic gio dc t xa
p ng nhu cu hc tp ca hc sinh bc THPT trn a bn H Ni.

- Hng dn hc sinh rn luyn tr nh, t hc, t t duy, t suy ngh, t khm ph v sng
to ci mi, phng php tm v chn lc ti liu tham kho hiu qu t cc ngun thng
tin a dng, da trn thng tin thu thp c phn tch; khuyn khch hc sinh tham gia
tch cc cc cuc thi hng bin, nghin cu, ng dng khoa hc - k thut vo i sng,

- Tn trng, to iu kin cho hc sinh pht trin c tnh, s sng to ca mi c nhn

trong mi trng hc tp a dng, khng g b, gip cc em trong qu trnh la chn
phng hng ngh nghip, vic lm ca bn thn; pht hin v to iu kin cho hc sinh
c kh nng thin bm, nui dng ti nng ca cc em trnh chy mu cht xm.

- Kt hp tt c 3 mi trng gia nh - nh trng - x hi trong vic gio dc hc sinh,

cn c nhng hnh thc gio dc ph hp nng cao thi , thc ca hc sinh khng
ch trong mi trng s phm m cn ngoi cng ng, nhng phi di hnh thc
khuyn rn, ch bo nh nhng, t t ch khng nn mang tnh cht p buc, d hnh thnh
tnh cch chng i, tiu cc t pha hc sinh; pht huy vai tr ca on Thanh nin, Hi
sinh vin trong vic thu ht hc sinh vo cc hot ng lnh mnh, b ch v ph hp
va hc tp tt, va rn luyn tt.

- Xy dng h thng khen thng hp l i vi hc sinh c iu kin, hon cnh gia nh

kh khn nhng vn c thnh tch hc tp tt, hc sinh t thnh tch cao trong hc tp v
hot ng ngoi kha

- Pht trin cc hot ng ngoi gi c tnh gio dc cao, khuyn khch hc sinh tham gia
xy dng nn tng k nng, kin thc x hi cn thit, rn luyn sc khe, pht huy u
im, hn ch nhc im ca bn thn.
 94

- Tng cng ngn sch u t cho cc hot ng hc tp, ging dy v h tr ging dy,
cc trang thit b, cng c gio v trc quan; pht trin cc phng th nghim, th vin, tin
hc, gio dc th cht, sn chi; sa cha, nng cp v thay th cc vt dng hng hc.
Nu ngn sch ca nh trng khng , c th xin ngn sch t cc c quan c thm
quyn, tng cng u t cho cc hot ng lin quan n hc tp v ging dy.
 95

KT LUN

Sau qu trnh nghin cu, nhm nghin cu tm ra c m hnh gm 8 nhn t chnh

c th gii thch c 80% s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng
cao H Ni, l: gio vin, ni dung chng trnh o to, phng php ging dy, hc
sinh, c s vt cht, hc ph v cc chi ph khc, hc liu, cc hot ng b tr. Trong ,
mc nh hng ca nhn t Hot ng b tr ln s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi
chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao l cao nht. Mc nh hng ca nhn t Ni dung
chng trnh o to ln s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng
cao mnh th hai. ng th 3 l mc nh hng ca nhn t Phng php ging dy
ln s hi lng ca hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao. ng th 4, 5 v
6 ln lt l cc nhn t i ng gio vin, C s vt cht, v Hc sinh.

Bn cnh , sau khi tng hp cc kt qu t phiu kho st dnh cho hc sinh v ph

huynh, nhm nghin cu cng nhn thy s hi lng i vi chng trnh PTTH cht
lng cao l cn cha cao, khong cch gia im mong i v thc t nhn chung mc
trung bnh. Theo cm nhn t pha hc sinh v ph huynh hc sinh th cht lng ca
chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao ti H Ni ang mc tng i, vn cn tn ti nhiu
vn bt cp khng ch bc THPT ni ring m cn cc cp gio dc ph thng.
Trong , i ng gio vin cn c nng cao trnh chuyn mn v s phm, nht l
trong bi cnh gio dc thc hin vic i mi cn bn v ton din. Ni dung chng
trnh o to cn nng n, nhiu khi xa ri thc t, khng mang tnh thc tin dn ti vic
gy p lc nng n, mt mi cho hc sinh. Vic m rng thc hin cc chng trnh o
to ny cn ang thi k ban u, ch yu l cc nh trng t tm hiu v thc hin nn
cn cha bi bn, cha c tnh ng b, nht qun gia cc trng. Bn cnh , thi ,
thc hc sinh cn c nng cao. Ti liu hc tp c s dng cho m hnh chng trnh
cht lng cao vn ging nh cc chng trnh hc ca cc trng THPT khc khng p
dng m hnh trn, ch tng cng m rng kin thc v rn luyn k nng. V pha c s
vt cht, nh trng cn pht huy ti a vic em cc cng trnh c s vt cht va s
dng, trnh lng ph. T , nhm nghin cu a ra cc gii php, kin ngh nhm
nng cao s hi lng ca hc sinh v ph huynh hc sinh i vi cht lng dch v gio
dc o to cht lng cao bc THPT trong thi gian ti i vi UBND thnh ph H Ni,
cc s ban ngnh lin quan v cc c s gio dc. Trong , nng cao s hi lng ca
hc sinh i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni cn s c gng n lc cng
nh s phi hp cht ch ca tt c cc cp, ban, ngnh, ca cc trng THPT, ca hc
 96

sinh v i ng gio vin ang hc tp, lm vic ti H Ni bi y l vn chung ca

ton x hi khng phi l trch nhim ca c nhn no. Chnh s kt hp cht ch v hiu
qu ca nhng bn lin quan nh nu trn s gp phn ci thin v nng cao s hi lng
i vi chng trnh PTTH cht lng cao H Ni, khng ch hc sinh m cn t pha
ph huynh hc sinh v i ng gio vin trc tip tham gia ging dy ca chng trnh.
 97

TI LIU THAM KHO

Ti liu ting Vit

- ti nghin cu, lun vn thc s

1. Trn Xun Kin, nh gi s hi lng ca sinh vin v cht lng o to ti
Trng i hc Kinh t v Qun tr kinh doanh - i hc Thi Nguyn, trng i
hc Thi Nguyn
2. Nguyn Mai Phng, S hi lng ca sinh vin chnh quy v cht lng dch v
gio dc ca trng i hc Kinh T Quc Dn, i hc Kinh t Quc dn

- Bi bo trn Internet
1. Gio s Hong Ty, Chn hung, ci cch, hin i ha gio dc
Download ti a ch: http://vietbao.vn/Giao-duc/Kien-nghi-ve-chan-hung-giao-
duc-cua-GS-Hoang-Tuy/20344262/202/
2. Hng Hnh, H Ni xy dng m hnh trng cht lng cao: ch n l s bt
ph ton din v cht lng
Download ti a ch: http://hanoimoi.com.vn/Tin-tuc/Giao-duc/610407/ha-noi-
xay-dung-mo-hinh-truong-chat-luong-cao-dich-den-la-su-but-pha-toan-dien-ve-
chat-luong
3. Khnh An, Trng cng lp cht lng cao s p ng nhu cu gio dc hin
i?
Download ti a ch: http://petrotimes.vn/news/vn/xa-hoi/truong-cong-lap-chat-
luong-cao-se-dap-ung-nhu-cau-giao-duc-hien-dai.html
4. Nguyn M, n 35 trng cht lng cao H Ni
Download ti a ch: http://giaoducthoidai.vn/tieu-diem/de-an-35-truong-chat-
luong-cao-o-ha-noi-hoc-phi-ta-chat-luong-tay-5666-u.html
5. Quy hoch chung Th n nm 2030, tm nhn n nm 2050
Download ti a ch: http://hanoi.org.vn/planning/archives/36

- Bo co
1. Tng cc thng k (4/2013), Bo co s b kt qu Tng iu tra c s kinh t,
hnh chnh, s nghip nm 2012.
 98

Download ti a ch:
http://www.gso.gov.vn/tdtcskt.aspx?tabid=664&ItemID=13577
2. Tng cc thng k (12/2008), C cu dn s theo nhm tui, gii tnh v t s gii
tnh (Nam/100 n), 2010, gopfp.gov.vn.
Download ti a ch:
http://www.gopfp.gov.vn/so-lieu vo ngy 15/01/2012
3. Tng cc Thng k (2/2011), D bo dn s Vit Nam giai on 2009-2049.
Download ti a ch:
http://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=596&ItemID=11015
4. Tng cc thng k (6/2010), Tng iu tra dn s v nh Vit Nam nm 2009:
Cc kt qu ch yu.
Download ti a ch:
http://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=596&idmid=&ItemID=9810

Ti liu ting nc ngoi

- ti nghin cu, lun vn thc s

1. Nguyen Thuy Linh, Student satisfaction for undergraduate program at Business
Administration faculty of Hung Vuong University.

- Bi bo trn Internet
1. Customer satisfaction definition
Download ti a ch: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customer_satisfaction

- Bo co
1. Kucukosmanoglu, Ahmet Nuri; Sensoy Ertan (2010). "Customer Satisfaction: A
Central Phenomenon in Marketing".
Download ti a ch:
http://www.academia.edu/1977823/CUSTOMER_SATISFACTION_A_CENTR
AL_PHENOMENON_IN_MARKETING
 99

KT QU KIM NH THANG O

PL1. Kim nh nhn t i ng gio vin

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items

.905 6

Item-Total Statistics

Corrected Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Correlation Deleted

thuctrangGV1 16.28 19.510 .705 .894

thuctrangGV2 16.36 18.394 .697 .894
thuctrangGV3 16.79 16.779 .759 .886
thuctrangGV4 16.18 18.087 .755 .886
thuctrangGV5 16.47 16.977 .770 .883
thuctrangGV6 16.51 17.542 .768 .883

PL2. Kim nh nhn t Ni dung chng trnh o to

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items

.910 6

Item-Total Statistics

Corrected Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Correlation Deleted

thuctrangCTDT1 14.15 21.920 .749 .894

thuctrangCTDT2 14.03 22.370 .679 .904
 100

thuctrangCTDT3 14.13 20.742 .772 .891

thuctrangCTDT4 14.27 20.700 .733 .897
thuctrangCTDT5 14.36 20.377 .803 .886
thuctrangCTDT6 14.30 21.404 .768 .891

PL3. Kim nh nhn t Phng php ging dy

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items

.879 4

Item-Total Statistics

Corrected Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Correlation Deleted

thuctrangPPGD1 9.60 6.935 .775 .832

thuctrangPPGD2 9.67 6.448 .778 .830
thuctrangPPGD3 9.37 6.960 .771 .834
thuctrangPPGD4 9.40 7.274 .641 .883

PL4. Kim nh nhn t Hc sinh

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items

.790 4

Item-Total Statistics

Corrected Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Correlation Deleted

thuctrangHS1 9.67 6.383 .587 .744

thuctrangHS2 9.83 6.447 .630 .725
 101

thuctrangHS3 9.89 6.213 .606 .734

thuctrangHS4 10.21 5.924 .581 .750

PL5. Kim nh nhn t C s vt cht

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items

.937 5

Item-Total Statistics

Corrected Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Correlation Deleted

thuctrangCSVC1 15.72 14.090 .844 .920

thuctrangCSVC2 15.41 14.389 .849 .920
thuctrangCSVC3 15.42 14.632 .823 .924
thuctrangCSVC4 15.60 14.048 .841 .921
thuctrangCSVC5 15.78 14.062 .805 .928

PL6. Kim nh nhn t Hc ph v cc chi ph khc

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items

.849 4

Item-Total Statistics

Corrected Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Correlation Deleted

thuctrangHP1 10.62 7.817 .710 .798

thuctrangHP2 10.62 7.672 .746 .782
thuctrangHP3 10.87 8.419 .627 .833
 102

Item-Total Statistics

Corrected Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Correlation Deleted

thuctrangHP1 10.62 7.817 .710 .798

thuctrangHP2 10.62 7.672 .746 .782
thuctrangHP3 10.87 8.419 .627 .833
thuctrangHP4 10.60 8.661 .672 .815

PL7. Kim nh nhn t Hc liu

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items

.779 2

Item-Total Statistics

Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Corrected Item- Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Total Correlation Deleted

thuctrangHL1 2.94 1.505 .645 .637

thuctrangHL2 3.32 1.106 .645 .637

PL8. Kim nh nhn t Cc hot ng b tr

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items

.935 3

Item-Total Statistics

Corrected Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Correlation Deleted
 103

thuctrangHDBT1 6.24 4.523 .886 .890

thuctrangHDBT2 6.34 4.370 .886 .890
thuctrangHDBT3 6.19 4.624 .827 .936

PL9. Kim nh nhn t Tha mn chung

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items

.882 2

Item-Total Statistics

Corrected Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Correlation Deleted

danhgiachungsuhailong1 3.57 1.022 .789 .389

danhgiachungsuhailong2 3.24 .942 .789 .517

PL10. Cc yu t phn nh nng lc i ng gio vin

thuctrangGV1 Gio vin c kin thc chuyn mn vng vng.

thuctrangGV2 Gio vin theo di st tnh hnh hc tp

thuctrangGV3 Gio vin quan tm n c im, c tnh tng hc sinh

thuctrangGV4 Gio vin chun b gio n, bi ging tt

thuctrangGV5 Gio vin dy kt hp vi gio dc nhn cch, o c cho hc sinh

Gio vin nh gi kt qu hc tp qua cc t thi ph hp vi nng lc

thuctrangGV6
ca hc sinh
 104

PL11. Cc yu t phn nh Ni dung chng trinh o to

Chng trnh o to c thit k hin i, ph hp vi xu hng

thuctrangCTDT1
quc t

thuctrangCTDT2 Cc mn hc bt buc em li nn tng kin thc vng chc

thuctrangCTDT3 Cc mn hc b tr hp l, th v

thuctrangCTDT4 T l mn hc bng ting anh ph hp

thuctrangCTDT5 Chng trnh pht trin t cht t duy sng to ca hc sinh

thuctrangCTDT6 Chng trnh pht trin kh nng t hc ca hc sinh

PL12. Cc yu t phn nh Phng php ging dy

thuctrangPPGD1 Phng php ging dy ch ng, tc ng a chiu

thuctrangPPGD2 Phng php ging dy gip cho hc sinh c tnh t gic cao

thuctrangPPGD3 Phng php truyn t r rng, d hiu

thuctrangPPGD4 Hc sinh c khuyn khch ng gp xy dng bi

PL13. Cc yu t phn nh cht lng Hc sinh

thuctrangHS1 Cht lng hc sinh u vo t tiu chun chng trnh

thuctrangHS2 Cc yu cu, tiu ch i vi hc sinh cao

thuctrangHS3 thc hc sinh chun mc, l trong trng hc

thuctrangHS4 Hc sinh c nh hng mc tiu r rng

 105

PL14. Cc yu t phn nh C s vt cht

thuctrangCSVC1 Phng hc rng ri, thong mt, sch s

thuctrangCSVC2 Bn gh y

thuctrangCSVC3 Phng hc y nh sng

thuctrangCSVC4 H thng qut in y

thuctrangCSVC5 Trang thit b hc tp y

PL15. Cc yu t phn nh Hc ph v cc chi ph khc

thuctrangHP1 Hc ph hng thng ph hp

thuctrangHP2 Cch thu hc ph hp l

thuctrangHP3 Hc bng, phn thng cho hc sinh c kt qu hc tp xut sc

thuctrangHP4 H tr hc ph cho hc sinh ngho, con thng binh lit s, dn tc..

PL16. Cc yu t phn nh Hc liu

thuctrangHL1 Ti liu, t liu bng m thanh, hnh nh, cng c phc v hc tp c

cung cp, s dng y

thuctrangHL2 Th vin c nhiu sch hc tp, nghin cu

PL17. Cc yu t phn nh Hot ng b tr

thuctrangHDBT1 Cc hot ng gip hc sinh nng cao t duy, nhn thc

Pht trin k nng t pht trin, t hc, t nghin cu, suy ngh sng
thuctrangHDBT2
to
 106

thuctrangHDBT3 Pht trin k nng lm vic nhm, gii quyt vn , x l thng tin

PL18. Cc yu t phn nh Tha mn chung

danhgiachungsuhailong1 Bn thy rng chng trnh o to mnh ang hc c cht

lng tt v hiu qu.

danhgiachungsuhailong2 Bn cm thy hi lng vi mi trng hc tp hin ti

PL19. Kt qu phn tch nhn t khm ph ln 1

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .920

Bartlett's Test of Approx. Chi-Square 3.722E3
Sphericity df 561
Sig. .000

Phng sai trch EFA ln 1

Total Variance Explained

Extraction Sums of Squared Rotation Sums of Squared

Initial Eigenvalues Loadings Loadings

% of % of % of
Component Total Variance Cumulative % Total Variance Cumulative % Total Variance Cumulative %

1 16.657 48.992 48.992 16.657 48.992 48.992 5.672 16.681 16.681

2 3.237 9.522 58.514 3.237 9.522 58.514 5.371 15.798 32.479
3 1.578 4.640 63.154 1.578 4.640 63.154 4.264 12.542 45.020
4 1.316 3.870 67.024 1.316 3.870 67.024 3.982 11.712 56.733
5 1.125 3.308 70.332 1.125 3.308 70.332 2.639 7.761 64.493
6 .894 2.630 72.962 .894 2.630 72.962 1.671 4.916 69.409
7 .864 2.542 75.504 .864 2.542 75.504 1.520 4.470 73.879
8 .750 2.205 77.709 .750 2.205 77.709 1.302 3.831 77.709
9 .697 2.050 79.759
 107

10 .649 1.910 81.669

11 .629 1.850 83.519
12 .513 1.510 85.029
13 .476 1.401 86.430
14 .418 1.230 87.660
15 .408 1.201 88.861
16 .363 1.066 89.927
17 .356 1.048 90.975
18 .320 .940 91.915
19 .307 .902 92.817
20 .294 .864 93.681
21 .266 .783 94.463
22 .240 .706 95.169
23 .228 .670 95.839
24 .202 .593 96.432
25 .184 .541 96.974
26 .174 .511 97.484
27 .149 .439 97.923
28 .139 .407 98.330
29 .129 .381 98.711
30 .116 .340 99.051
31 .110 .323 99.373
32 .083 .243 99.616
33 .075 .221 99.838
34 .055 .162 100.000
Extraction Method: Principal Component
Analysis.
H s ti EFA ln 1
a
Rotated Component Matrix

Component

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

thuctrangGV1
thuctrangGV2 .666
 108

thuctrangGV3 .641
thuctrangGV4 .635
thuctrangGV5 .723
thuctrangGV6 .605
thuctrangCTDT1 .655
thuctrangCTDT2 .559
thuctrangCTDT3 .696
thuctrangCTDT4 .789
thuctrangCTDT5 .845
thuctrangCTDT6 .769
thuctrangPPGD1 .502
thuctrangPPGD2 .582
thuctrangPPGD3
thuctrangPPGD4
thuctrangHS1 .544

thuctrangHS2 .596

thuctrangHS3 .747

thuctrangHS4
thuctrangCSVC1 .795
thuctrangCSVC2 .827
thuctrangCSVC3 .801
thuctrangCSVC4 .821
thuctrangCSVC5 .808
thuctrangHP1 .818
thuctrangHP2 .780
thuctrangHP3 .715
thuctrangHP4 .617
thuctrangHL1 .569

thuctrangHL2
thuctrangHDBT1 .741
thuctrangHDBT2 .803
thuctrangHDBT3 .756
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
 109

a. Rotation converged in 8 iterations.

PL20. Kt qu phn tch nhn t khm ph ln 2

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .913

Bartlett's Test of Approx. Chi-Square 3.114E3
Sphericity df 406
Sig. .000

Phng sai trch EFA ln 2

Total Variance Explained

Extraction Sums of Squared Rotation Sums of Squared

Initial Eigenvalues Loadings Loadings

% of % of % of
Component Total Variance Cumulative % Total Variance Cumulative % Total Variance Cumulative %

1 14.084 48.565 48.565 14.084 48.565 48.565 5.059 17.445 17.445

2 3.114 10.738 59.303 3.114 10.738 59.303 4.947 17.058 34.503
3 1.531 5.279 64.581 1.531 5.279 64.581 3.424 11.809 46.312
4 1.231 4.244 68.825 1.231 4.244 68.825 3.106 10.712 57.023
5 1.010 3.484 72.309 1.010 3.484 72.309 2.662 9.178 66.202
6 .804 2.772 75.081 .804 2.772 75.081 1.438 4.959 71.161
7 .727 2.507 77.589 .727 2.507 77.589 1.398 4.821 75.982
8 .707 2.439 80.028 .707 2.439 80.028 1.173 4.046 80.028
9 .649 2.239 82.267
10 .603 2.080 84.347
11 .509 1.756 86.102
12 .438 1.509 87.612
13 .407 1.405 89.016
14 .375 1.293 90.309
15 .338 1.166 91.475
16 .305 1.053 92.528
17 .274 .944 93.472
 110

18 .262 .904 94.376

19 .243 .838 95.214
20 .213 .734 95.948
21 .188 .647 96.594
22 .175 .604 97.199
23 .159 .547 97.745
24 .153 .527 98.272
25 .134 .463 98.735
26 .122 .420 99.155
27 .094 .326 99.481
28 .082 .283 99.764
29 .068 .236 100.000
Extraction Method: Principal Component
Analysis.

H s ti EFA ln 2
a
Rotated Component Matrix

Component

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

thuctrangGV2 .667
thuctrangGV3 .647
thuctrangGV4 .627
thuctrangGV5 .757
thuctrangGV6 .646
thuctrangCTDT1 .590
thuctrangCTDT2 .644

thuctrangCTDT3 .674
thuctrangCTDT4 .741
thuctrangCTDT5 .859
thuctrangCTDT6 .798
thuctrangPPGD1 .543
 111

thuctrangPPGD2 .652
thuctrangHS1 .596

thuctrangHS2 .589

thuctrangHS3 .737

thuctrangCSVC1 .819
thuctrangCSVC2 .846
thuctrangCSVC3 .821
thuctrangCSVC4 .820
thuctrangCSVC5 .801
thuctrangHP1 .778
thuctrangHP2 .759
thuctrangHP3 .714
thuctrangHP4 .577
thuctrangHL1 .544

thuctrangHDBT1 .759
thuctrangHDBT2 .813
thuctrangHDBT3 .766
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
a. Rotation converged in 9 iterations.

PL21. Kt qu hi quy bin TM theo 8 bin c lp

Model Summary

Adjusted R Std. Error of

Model R R Square Square the Estimate

1 .867 .752 .735 .48201

a. Predictors: (Constant), MeanHDBT, MeanHPhi, MeanHS,
MeanCSVC, MeanCTDT, MeanHL, MeanDNGV, MeanPPGD

b
ANOVA

Sum of
Model Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
 112

1 Regression 81.897 8 10.237 44.062 .000

Residual 26.951 116 .232

Total 108.848 124

a. Predictors: (Constant), MeanHDBT, MeanHPhi, MeanHS, MeanCSVC, MeanCTDT,
MeanHL, MeanDNGV, MeanPPGD
b. Dependent Variable: MeanTM

a
Coefficients

Unstandardized Standardized Collinearity

Coefficients Coefficients Statistics

Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Tolerance VIF

1 (Constant) .044 .210 .208 .009

MeanDNGV .116 .081 .104 1.309 .000 .335 2.984

MeanCTDT .220 .083 .214 2.649 .003 .326 3.068

MeanPPGD .158 .086 .059 .679 .000 .285 3.510

MeanHS .112 .077 .102 1.468 .011 .446 2.240

MeanCSVC .270 .070 .270 3.862 .000 .438 2.285

MeanHPhi -.026 .051 -.030 .504 .000 .586 1.706

MeanHL -.046 .068 -.051 .673 .000 .369 2.708

MeanHDBT .317 .071 .354 4.473 .010 .342 2.927

a. Dependent Variable: MeanTM
 113

PH LC 2

PHIU KHO ST HC SINH

Nhm sinh vin Vin Qun tr Kinh Doanh, trng i hc Kinh T Quc Dn ang tin
hnh nghin cu v ti: S hi lng v cc chng trnh o to cht lng cao ti cc
trng THPT trn a bn H Ni.

Xin bn vui lng dnh cht thi gian tr li bn kho st di y. Mi thng tin bn cung
cp s ch dng cho mc ch nghin cu. Rt cm n s hp tc ca bn:

Phn 1: Thng tin chung:

1. Trng THPT: ..
2. Hc sinh: Lp 10

Lp 11

Lp 12

3. Gii tnh: Nam

4. S s lp: < 20 hs

20-30 hs

>30 hs

Phn 2: nh gi v tm quan trng ca cc yu t cu thnh

Xin hy cho bit kin ca bn v mc quan trng ca tng yu t nh hng ti cht

lng ca chng trnh o to bng cch cho im t 15 vi 1 l t quan trng nht/ 5
l Quan trng nht)

STT Tiu ch im
 114

1 i ng gio vin

2 Ni dung chng trnh o to

3 Phng php ging dy

4 Hc sinh

5 C s vt cht

6 Hc ph & cc chi ph khc

7 Hc liu

8 Cc hot ng b tr

Phn 3: THC TRNG v MONG I ca ph huynh/hc sinh v s hi lng cc

chng trnh o to CLC hin nay H Ni.

Hy khng nh MONG I ca bn v s hi lng cc chng trnh o to CLC hin

nay H Ni bng cch cho im ct bn tri v nh gi thc trng chng trnh o
to cht lng cao bng cch nh du vo cc tng ng ct bn phi vi mc im
t 1 ti 5 (1 l thy nht, 5 l cao nht)

Xin vui lng tr li cc cu hi sau bng cch nh du X vo trng thch hp, mc nh

gi t 1 n 5, hoc vit vo ch trng () kin ca bn.

5 4 3 2 1

Rt tt Tt Hi lng T Rt t

STT MONG I cc CC YU T THC TRNG cc

 115

chng trnh o chng trnh o

to CLC hin nay to cht lng cao

Thp nht...cao nht Thp nhtcao nht

I NG GIO VIN
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Gio vin c kin thc chuyn

1
mn vng vng.

Gio vin theo di st tnh

2
hnh hc tp

Gio vin quan tm n c

3
im, c tnh tng hc sinh

Gio vin chun b gio n,

4
bi ging tt

Gio vin dy kt hp vi gio

5 dc nhn cch, o c cho
hc sinh

Gio vin nh gi kt qu
6 hc tp qua cc t thi ph
hp vi nng lc ca hc sinh

7 NH GI CHUNG

Thp nhtcao nht NI DUNG Thp nhtcao nht

1 2 3 4 5 CHNG TRNH O TO 1 2 3 4 5

Chng trnh o to c
1 thit k hin i, ph hp vi
xu hng quc t

Cc mn hc bt buc em li
2
nn tng kin thc vng chc
 116

Cc mn hc b tr hp l, th
3
v

T l mn hc bng ting anh

4
ph hp

Chng trnh pht trin t cht

5
t duy sng to ca hc sinh

Chng trnh pht trin kh

6
nng t hc ca hc sinh

7 NH GI CHUNG

Thp nhtcao nht PHNG PHP Thp nhtcao nht

1 2 3 4 5 GING DY 1 2 3 4 5

Phng php ging dy ch

1
ng, tc ng a chiu

Phng php ging dy gip

2 cho hc sinh c tnh t gic
cao

Phng php truyn t r

3
rng, d hiu

Hc sinh c khuyn khch

4
ng gp xy dng bi

5 NH GI CHUNG

Thp nhtcao nht Thp nhtcao nht

HC SINH
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Cht lng hc sinh u vo

1
t tiu chun chng trnh
 117

Cc yu cu, tiu ch i vi
2
hc sinh cao

thc hc sinh chun mc, l

3
trong trng hc

Hc sinh c nh hng
4
mc tiu r rng

5 NH GI CHUNG

Thp nhtcao nht Thp nhtcao nht

C S VT CHT
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Phng hc rng ri, thong

1
mt, sch s.

2 Bn gh y .

3 Phng hc y nh sng.

4 H thng qut in y .

5 Trang thit b hc tp y .

6 NH GI CHUNG

Thp nhtcao nht Thp nhtcao nht

HC PH
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

1 Hc ph hng thng ph hp.

2 Cch thu hc ph hp l.

3 Hc bng, phn thng cho

hc sinh c kt qu hc tp
 118

xut sc.

H tr hc ph cho hc sinh
4 ngho, con thng binh lit
s, dn tc.

5 NH GI CHUNG

Thp nhtcao nht Thp nhtcao nht

HC LIU
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Ti liu, t liu bng m

thanh, hnh nh, cng c phc
1
v hc tp c cung cp, s
dng y .

Th vin c nhiu sch hc

2
tp, nghin cu.

3 NH GI CHUNG

Thp nhtcao nht CC HOT NG B Thp nhtcao nht

1 2 3 4 5 TR 1 2 3 4 5

Cc hot ng gip hc sinh

1
nng cao t duy, nhn thc.

Pht trin k nng t pht

2 trin, t hc, t nghin cu,
suy ngh sng to.

Pht trin k nng lm vic

3 nhm, gii quyt vn , x l
thng tin.

4 NH GI CHUNG
 119

THA MN CHUNG

Bn thy rng chng trnh

1 o to mnh ang hc c cht
lng tt v hiu qu.

Bn cm thy hi lng vi mi
2
trng hc tp hin ti

kin khc ca bn:

..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................

Xin chn thnh cm n s gip ca bn!

 120

PH LC 3

PHIU PHNG VN PH HUYNH HC SINH

I. Thng tin chung:

H tn ngi c phng vn: ....................................................................

Ni hin ti: .............................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

C con ang theo hc ti trng: ................................................................

II. Cu hi phng vn chuyn su:

1. Xin anh/ch cho bit thi gian trong 1 ngy hc cu cc em ti trng? Sau khi theo hc
chng trnh o to cht lng cao trng, cc em c phi i hc thm ngoi na
khng?

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

2. Anh/ch vui lng cho bit nhng kh khn m cc em gp phi trong qu trnh theo hc
chng trnh o to cht lng cao?

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................
 121

3. Sau khi c theo hc chng trnh o to cht lng cao, con anh/ch c kt qu hc
tp nh th no?

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

4. Anh/ch mong i nhng thay i/ ci thin nh th no v chng trnh o to cht

lng cao m con mnh ang theo hc?

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

5. Nu 5 im l cao nht th anh/ch cho im chng trnh cht lng cao m con
anh/ch hc t my im? Mc hi lng ca anh/ch?

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

Xin chn thnh cm n anh/ch.

 122

PH LC 4

PHIU PHNG VN CHUYN GIA

Knh cho anh/ch, thay mt nhm nghin cu khoa hc Vin Qun tr kinh doanh trng
i hc Kinh t Quc dn, trc ht xin chn thnh cm n anh/ch dnh thi gian
tham kho v tr li cc cu hi chi tit di y. Chn thnh cm n s hp tc ca
anh/ch!

I. Thng tin chung:

H tn ngi uc phng vn:................................................................ Ni

cng tc: ............................................................................................................

II. Cu hi phng vn:

1. Theo anh/ch mong i ca anh ch v chng trnh o to cht lng cao ti 4 cc

qun ni thnh H Ni hin nay ang mc no?

a. Ni dung chng trnh: .................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

b. i ng gio vin: ........................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

c. Hc sinh: .......................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

d. C s vt cht: ..............................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

e. Phng php ging dy: ...............................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

f. Hot ng b tr: ..........................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
 123

g. Hc ph: ........................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

h. Hc liu: .......................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

2. Trong thi k y mnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc cng tc gio dc th

h tr tng lai c t ln hng u. Theo anh/ch cc hot chng trnh o to cht
lng cao c thc hin bi bn cha? Anh/ch nh gi nh th no v chng trnh
o to cho ti thi im hin ti?

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

3. Theo anh/ch c nhng vn bt cp no cn tn ti trong chng trnh o to cht

lng cao ti cc qun ni thnh H Ni?

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

4. kin, kin ngh ca anh/ch chng trnh o to cht lng cao ti cc trng
THPT trn cc qun ni thnh H Ni c ci thin r rt hn?

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................
 124

................................................................................................................................

5. Anh/ch c xut gii php g chng trnh o to c pht trin v hon thin
hn??

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

Xin chn thnh cm n qu anh/ch .