Giao Trinh Ve Dien PDF

TRNG CAO NG NGH K LK
MC LC:
Bi m u: KHI QUT V V IN ............................................................... 3

2.1. Vt liu dng c v ................................................................................... 3
2.2. Kh giy ................................................................................................... 5
2.3. Khung tn ................................................................................................. 6
2.4. Ch vit trong bn v in ....................................................................... 7
2.5. ng nt ................................................................................................ 8
2.6. Cch ghi kch thc. ................................................................................ 8
2.7. T l bn v .............................................................................................. 9
2.8. Cch gp bn v ...................................................................................... 9
Bi 1: CC TIU CHUN CA BN V IN ................................................. 10

1.1. Tiu chun Vit Nam (TCVN) ................................................................. 10
1.2. Tiu chun Quc t (IEC) ...................................................................... 10
BI 2: V CC K HIU QUI C DNG TRONG BN V IN ............... 13

Gii thiu........................................................................................................13
1. V cc k hiu phng c v mt bng xy dng ......................................13
2. V cc k hiu in trong s in chiu sng .....................................15
2.1. Ngun in .............................................................................................. 15
2.2. Cc loi n in v thit b dng in ................................................... 16
2.3. Cc loi thit b ng ct, bo v ........................................................... 18
2.4. Cc loi thit b o lng ........................................................................ 19
3. V cc k hiu in trong s in cng nghip ...................................20
3.1. Cc loi my in ................................................................................... 20
3.2. Cc loi thit b ng ct, iu khin ...................................................... 23
4. V cc k hiu in trong s cung cp in ........................................26
4.1. Cc thit b ng ct, o lng, bo v. ................................................. 26
4.2. ng dy v ph kin ng dy. ....................................................... 28
5. V cc k hiu in trong s in t....................................................31
5.1. Cc linh kin th ng ............................................................................ 31
5.2. Cc linh kin tch cc .............................................................................. 34
5.3. Cc phn t logc .................................................................................... 37
6. Cc k hiu bng ch dng trong v in ................................................38
BI 3: V S IN ..................................................................................... 56
1. M u .......................................................................................................56
1.1. Khi nim ............................................................................................... 56
1.2. V d v cc dng s ........................................................................ 57
2. V s mt bng, s v tr .................................................................58
2.1. Khi nim ............................................................................................... 58
2.2. V d v s mt bng v s v tr ................................................. 59
Trang 1
3. V s nguyn l v s ni dy........................................................ 60
3.1. Khi nim ............................................................................................... 60
3.2. V d v s nguyn l v s ni dy ............................................ 60
4. V s n tuyn .................................................................................. 90
4.1. Khi nim ............................................................................................... 90
4.2. Nguyn tc thc hin ............................................................................. 90
5. Nguyn tc chuyn i cc dng s .................................................... 91
5.1. Nguyn tc chung .................................................................................. 91
5.2. D tr vt t ........................................................................................... 92
5.3. Vch phng n thi cng ...................................................................... 93
5.4. V d tng hp ....................................................................................... 93
6. Gii thiu phn min my tnh h tr thit k mch in AutoCAD Electrical
114
7. Ti liu tham kho .................................................................................... 122
Trang 2
BI M U: KHI QUT V V IN
1. Khi qut chung v bn v in
Bn v in l mt trong nhng phn khng th thiu trong hot ng ngh
nghip ca ngnh in ni chung v ca ngi th in cng nghip ni ring.
thc hin c mt bn v th khng th b qua cc cng c cng nh nhng qui
c mang tnh qui phm ca ngnh ngh.
y l tin ti cn thit cho vic tip thu, thc hin cc bn v theo nhng
tiu chun hin hnh.
V in l mt trong nhng m un c s thuc nhm ngh in in t dn
dng v cng nghip. M un ny c ngha b tr cn thit cho cc m un/ mn
hc chuyn mn khc. Sau khi hc tp m un ny, hc vin c kin thc c s
c, phn tch v thc hin cc bn v, s in chuyn ngnh hc tp tip
cc m un/ mn hc chuyn mn nh-: My in, Cung cp in, K thut lp t
in, Trang b in 1, Trang b in 2...
M un ny phi -c hc ngay hc k u tin song song vi cc m un
in k thut, An ton lao ng...
Hc xong m un ny, hc vin c nng lc:
V v nhn dng -c cc k hiu in, cc k hiu mt bng xy dng trn
bn v in theo TCVN v Tiu chun Quc t (IEC).
Thc hin bn v in theo tiu chun Vit Nam v tiu chun Quc t.
V, c -c cc bn v in chiu sng; bn v lp t in; cung cp
in; s mch in t ...
Phn tch -c cc bn v in thi cng ng nh- thit k.
D tr -c khi l-ng vt t- cn thit phc v qu trnh thi cng.
ra ph-ng n thi cng ph hp, thi cng ng vi thit k k thut.
2.1. Vt liu dng c v
a. Giy v:
Trong v in thng s dng cc loi giy v sau y:
- Giy v tinh.
- Giy bng m.
- Giy k li.
b. Bt ch:
H: loi cng: t 1H, 2H, 3H ... n 9H. Loi ny thng dng v nhng
ng c yu cu sc nt cao.
HB: loi c cng trung bnh, loi ny thng s dng do cng va phi v
to c m cn thit cho nt v.
B: loi mm: t 1B, 2B, 3B ... n 9B. Loi ny thng dng v nhng ng
c yu cu m cao. Khi s dng lu trnh bi ch lm bn bn v.
Trang 3
c. Thc v:
Trong v in, s dng cc loi thc sau y:
Thc dp: Di (3050) cm, dng k nhng on thng (hnh 1.1a).
Thc ch T: Dng xc nh cc im thng hng, hay khong cch nht
nh no theo ng chun c trc (hnh 1.1b).
Thc rp trn: Dng v nhanh cc ng trn, cung trn khi khng quan tm
lm v kch thc ca ng trn, cung trn (hnh 1.1c).
Eke: Dng xc nh cc im vung gc, song song (hnh 1.1d).
a. Thc dp
b. Thc ch T
c. Thc rp trn
Trang 4
d. E ke
HNH 1.1: CC LOI THC DNG TRONG V IN
d. Cc cng c khc:
Compa, ty, khn lau, bng dnh
2.2. Kh giy
Tng t nh v k thut, v in cng thng s dng cc kh giy sau:
- Kh A0: c kch thc 841x1189.
- Kh A1: c kch thc 594x841.
T kh giy A0 c th chia ra cc kh giy A1, A2... nh hnh 1.2.
A A
1 2
841
A
3
A
4
1189
HNH 1.2: QUAN H CC KH GIY
Trang 5
2.3. Khung tn
a. V tr khung tn trong bn v
Khung tn trong bn v c t gc phi, pha di ca bn v nh hnh 1.3.
5 5
25
KHUNG TN
5
HINH 1.3: V TR KHUNG TN TRONG BN V
b. Thnh phn v kch thc khung tn

Khung tn trong bn v in c 2 tiu chun khc nhau ng vi cc kh giy nh
sau:
- i vi kh giy A2, A3, A4: Ni dung v kch thc khung tn nh hnh 1.4.
- i vi kh giy A1, A0: Ni dung v kch thc khung tn nh hnh 1.5.
c. Ch vit trong khung tn
Ch vit trong khung tn c qui c nh sau:
- Tn trng: Ch IN HOA h = 5mm (h l chiu cao ca ch).
- Tn khoa: Ch IN HOA h = 2,5mm.
- Tn bn v: Ch IN HOA h = (7 10)mm.
- Cc mc cn li: c th s dng ch hoa hoc ch thng h = 2,5mm.
Trang 6
10
10 LP: KHOA
IN
NGI V:
T L:
10
TN BN
NGY V:
V
10
S:
NGY K.TRA:
10
40 70 40
HNH 1.4: NI DUNG V KCH THC KHUNG TN DNG

CHO BN V KH GIY A2, A3, A4
220

10
10
KHOA BI TP
IN TNG HP
T. HIN
10
H. DN DUYT
TN BN V
T L:
30
S:
25 25 25 30
HNH 1.5: NI DUNG V KCH THC KHUNG TN DNG CHO

BN V KH GIY A1, A0
2.4. Ch vit trong bn v in

Ch vit trong bn v in c qui c nh sau:
- C th vit ng hay vit nghing 750.
- Chiu cao kh ch h = 14; 10; 7; 3,5; 2,5 (mm).
- Chiu cao:
+ Ch hoa = h;
+ Ch thng c nt s (h, g, b, l...) = h;
5
+ Ch thng khng c nt s (a,e,m...) = h;
7
+ Chiu rng:
Trang 7
5
+ Ch hoa v s = h;
7
6 2 8 4 1
+ Ngoi tr A, M = h; s 1 = h; w = h, J = h, I = h;
7 7 7 7 7
4
+ Ch thng = h;
7
3
+ Ngoi tr w,m = h; ch j, l, r = h;
7
1
+ B rng nt ch, s = h;
7
2.5. ng nt
Trong v in thng s dng cc dng ng nt sau (bng 1.1):
2.6. Cch ghi kch thc.
Thnh phn ghi kch thc:
- ng ging kch thc: v bng nt lin mnh v vung gc vi ng
bao.
- ng ghi kch thc: v bng nt lin mnh v song song vi ng bao,
cch ng bao t 710mm.
- Mi tn: nm trn ng ghi kch thc, u mi tn chm st vo ng
ging, mi tn phi nhn v thon.
Bng 1.1
TT Loi ng nt M t Tiu chun
Nt c bn (nt lin b = (0,2 0,5)mm
b
1 m)
b1
b
2 Nt lin mnh b1 =
3
b1
b
3 Nt t b1 =
2
b
4 Nt chm gch mnh b1 =
b1 b1
3
b1 = b
5 Nt chm gch m
b
b1
b1 =
6 Nt ln sng 3
QUI TC V : Khi hai nt v trng nhau, th t u tin :

Nt lin m : cnh thy, ng bao thy.
Nt t : cnh khut, ng bao khut.
Nt chm gch : ng trc, ng tm.
Trang 8
Nu nt t v nt lin m thng hng th ch ni tip v h. Trng hp
khc nu cc nt v ct nhau th chm nhau.
Cch ghi kch thc:
- Trn bn v kch thc ch c ghi mt ln.
- i vi hnh v b, thiu ch ghi kch thc cho php ko di ng ghi
kch thc, con s kch thc ghi bn phi, mi tn c th v bn ngoi.
- Con s kch thc: Ghi dc theo ng knh hc v khong gia, con s
nm trn ng knh thc v cch mt on khong 1.5mm.
- i vi cc gc c th nm ngang.
- ghi kch thc mt gc hay mt cung, ng ghi kch thc l mt cung
trn.
- ng trn: Trc con s kch thc ghi thm du .
- Cung trn: trc con s kch thc ghi ch R.
Lu chung:
- S ghi ln khng ph thuc vo ln ca hnh v.
- n v chiu di: tnh bng mm, khng cn ghi thm n v trn hnh v (tr
trng hp s dng n v khc qui c th phi ghi thm).
- n v chiu gc: tnh bng (0).
2.7. T l bn v
- T l thu nh: 1/2, 1/3,.1/100,
- T l nguyn: 1/1
- T l phng to: 2/1, 3/1,. 100/1,..
2.8. Cch gp bn v
Cc bn v khi thc hin xong, cn phI gp li a vo tp h s lu tr
thun tin cho vic qun l v s dng.
Cc bn v ln hn A4, cn gp v kh giy ny thun tin lu tr, di chuyn
n cng trng... Khi gp phi a khung tn ra ngoi khi s dng khng b
lng tng v khng mt thi gian tm kim.
Trang 9
BI 1: CC TIU CHUN CA BN V IN
Hin nay c rt nhiu tiu chun v in khc nhau nh: tiu chun Quc t, tiu
chun Chu u, tiu chun Nht Bn, tiu chun Lin X (c), tiu chun Vit
Nam... Ngoi ra cn c cc tiu chun ring ca tng hng, tng nh sn xut,
phn phi sn phm.
Nhn chung cc tiu chun ny khng khc nhau nhiu, cc k hiu in c s
dng gn ging nhau, ch khc nhau phn ln k t i km (ting Anh, Php, Nga,
Vit...).
Trong ni dung ti liu ny s gii thiu trng tm l k hiu in theo tiu chun
Vit Nam v c i chiu, so snh vi tiu chun Quc t mt s dng mch.
1.1. Tiu chun Vit Nam (TCVN)
Cc k hiu in c p dng theo TCVN 1613 75 n 1639 75, cc k hiu
mt bng th hin theo TCVN 185 74. Theo TCVN bn v thng c th hin
dng s theo hng ngang v cc k t i km lun l cc k t vit tt t thut
ng ting Vit (hnh 1.6).
N
C
D
C
C K2
K1 1
K3 2
OC
HNH 1.6: S IN TH HIN THEO TIU CHUN VIT NAM
Ch thch:
CD: Cu dao; CC: Cu ch; K: Cng tc;
: n; OC: cm in;
1.2. Tiu chun Quc t (IEC)

Trong IEC, k t i km theo k hiu in thng dng l k t vit tt t thut
ng ting Anh v s thng c th hin theo ct dc (hnh 1.7)
Ch thch:
SW (source switch): Cu dao; F (fuse): Cu ch;
S (Switch): Cng tc; L (Lamp; Load): n
Trang 10
F

N
SW S1
5
S3
S2
L1 L2
HNH 1.7: S IN TH HIN THEO TIU CHUN QUC T
CU HI CNG C BI HC
1. Nu cng dng v m t cch s dng cc loi dng c cn thit cho vic thc
hin bn v in.
2. Nu kch thc cc kh giy v A3 v A4?
3. Giy v kh A0 th c th chia ra c bao nhiu giy v c kh A1, A2, A3, A4?
4. Cho bit kch thc v ni dung ca khung tn c dng trong bn v kh A3, A4?
5. Cho bit kch thc v ni dung ca khung tn c dng trong bn v kh A0, A1?
6. Cho bit qui c v ch vit dng trong bn v in?
7. Trong bn v in c my loi ng nt? c im ca tng ng nt?
8. Cho bit cch ghi kch thc i vi on thng, ng cong trong bn v
in?
9. Cn phng c kch thc (4x12)m. Hy v v biu din cc cch ghi con s
kch thc cho cn phng trn.
10. Cho bit s khc nhau c bn ca TCVN v IEC? Mun chuyn i bn v
biu din theo TCVN sang IEC c khng? Nu c, cho bit trnh t thc hin?
Bi thc tp
Thc hin v li bn v sau y (hnh 1.8) trn kh giy A4 ng c
1. Khung tn.
2. Bng k thit b.
3. V v b tr s hp l.
Trang 11
4. Ghi ch thch trn bn v
Hnh 1.8: Mch iu khin ng c rto lng sc qua 2 cp tc kiu

/YY
Trang 12
BI 2: V CC K HIU QUI C DNG TRONG
BN V IN
Gii thiu
Trong bn v, tt c cc thit b, kh c in u c th hin di dng nhng
k hiu qui c (theo mt tiu chun no ). Vic nm bt, vn dng v khai thc
chnh xc cc k hiu hon thnh mt bn v l yu cu c bn, ti thiu mang
tnh tin quyt i vi ngi th cng nh cn b k thut cng tc trong ngnh
in - in t.
lm c iu th vic nhn dng, tm hiu, v chnh xc cc k hiu qui
c l mt yu cu trng tm. N l tin cho vic phn tch, tip thu v thc hin
cc s mch in, in t dn dng v cng nghip.
Mc tiu thc hin:
V cc k hiu nh: k hiu mt bng, k hiu in, k hiu in t... theo qui
c hc.
Phn bit cc dng k hiu khi c th hin trn nhng dng s khc nhau
nh: s nguyn l, s n tuyn...theo cc k hiu qui c hc.
Ni dung chnh:
V cc k hiu phng c v mt bng xy dng.
V cc k hiu chiu sng in, in cng nghip, cung cp in, in t trong
cc dng s khc nhau.
1. V cc k hiu phng c v mt bng xy dng
Cc chi tit ca mt cn phng, mt mt bng xy dng thng dng trong v
in c th hin trong bng 2.1.
BNG 2.1
STT Tn gi K hiu Ghi ch
5
1. Tng nh
2. Ca ra vo 1 cnh
3. Ca ra vo 2 cnh
4. Ca gp, ca ko
5. Ca la 1 cnh, 2 cnh
6. Ca s n khng m
Trang 13
7. Ca s kp khng m
Ca s n bn l bn
8.
tri m ra ngoi
Ca s n bn l bn
9.
phi m vo trong
10. Ca s n quay
- Cu thang
c th
hin bi
11. Cu thang 1 cnh hnh chiu
bng.
- Bao gm:
cnh, bc
thang v
ch ngh.
- Hng i
ln th hin
12. Cu thang 2 cnh bng ng
gy khc:
chm trn
bc u
tin, mi tn
bc cui
cng.
13. Cu thang 3 cnh
Bp un than ci:
- Khng ng khi
14.
- C ng khi
Trang 14
Bp hi:
- Hai ngn
15.
- Bn ngn
Phng tm ring tng

ngi:
16. - St tng
- Khng st tng
17. Bn tm
18. Phng tm hoa sen
19. H nc
20. Sn nc
21. Chu ra mt
22. H x
2. V cc k hiu in trong s in chiu sng

2.1. Ngun in
Cc dng ngun in v cc k hiu lin quan c qui nh trong TCVN 1613-
75; thng dng cc k hiu ph bin sau (bng 2.2):
Bng 2.2:
1. Dng in 1 chiu DC;

Dng in 1 chiu 2 ng
2. 2 U
dy c in p U
Trang 15
3. Dng in AC sine AC;
4. Dy trung tnh N, O
5. Mng in 3 pha 4 dy 3 + N
Dng in xoay chiu c m, f, U
6. s pha m, tn s f v in
p U
A/L1; B/L2; C/L3 Thng dng mu:
Cc dy pha ca mng
7. A vng; B
in 3 pha xanh; C
Hai dy dn khng ni
8.
nhau v in
Hai dy dn ni nhau v
9.
in
10. Ni t
11. Ni v my, ni mass
12. Dy ni hnh sao
Dy ni hnh sao c dy
13.
trung tnh
Dy qun 3 pha ni hnh
sao kp
- Khng c trung tnh a
14.
ra ngoi
- C dy trung tnh a ra
ngoi
Dy qun 3 pha ni hnh
15.
tam gic
Dy qun 3 pha ni hnh
16.
tam gic kp
Dy qun 3 pha ni hnh
17.
tam gic h
Dy qun 6 pha ni thnh

2 hnh sao ngc
- Khng c dy trung tnh
18.
a ra ngoi
- C dy trung tnh a ra
ngoi
Dy qun 2 pha 4 dy
19. - Khng c dy trung tnh
- C dy trung tnh
2.2. Cc loi n in v thit b dng in

Cc dng n in v cc thit b lin quan dng trong chiu sng c qui nh
trong TCVN 1613-75; thng dng cc k hiu ph bin sau (bng 2.3):
Trang 16
Bng 2.3
K hiu
STT Tn gi
Trn s nguyn l Trn s v tr
1. L in tr
2. L h quang
3. L cm ng
4. L in phn
5. My in phn bng t
6. Chung in
7. Qut trn, qut treo tng
8. n si t (6 - 8)
(8 - 10)
(3 - 4)
9. n hunh quang
10. n nung sng c chp
n chiu su c chp trng

11.
men
12. n c bng trng gng
13. $n thy ngn c p lc cao
14. n chng nc v bi
15. n chng n khng chp
16. n chng n c chp
17. n chng ha cht n mn
Trang 17
18. n chiu nghing
n t st tng hoc st
19.
trn
20. n chiu sng cc b
n chiu sng cc b v c
21.
my gim p.
22. n chm hunh quang
23. n tn hiu
2.3. Cc loi thit b ng ct, bo v

Cc thit b ng ct, bo v trong mng gia dng v cc thit b lin quan dng
trong chiu sng c qui nh trong TCVN 1615-75, TCVN 1623-75; thng dng
cc k hiu ph bin sau (bng 2.4):
Bng 2.4
K hiu
STT Tn gi
Trn s nguyn l Trn s v tr
1. Cu dao 1 pha
Cu dao 1 pha 2 ng
2.
(cu dao o 1 pha)
3. Cu dao 3 pha
Cu dao 3 pha 2 ng
4.
(cu dao o 3 pha)
5. Cng tc 2 cc:
6. Cng tc 3 cc:
7. Cng tc xoay 4 cc:
cm in
8. - Kiu thng.
- Kiu kn
cm in c cc
9.
th 3 ni t
Trang 18
10. cm in 3 cc
Aptomat 1 pha
11.
12. Aptomat 3 pha
13. Cu ch
Nt bm
14. - Thng m.
- Thng ng.
15. Hp s qut trn
16. Bng, t iu khin
17. Bng phn phi in
T phn phi (ng

18.
lc v nh sng)
19. Hp ni dy
Bng chiu sng lm

20.
vic
Bng chiu sng s

21.
c
2.4. Cc loi thit b o lng

Cc thit b thng dng cho trong bng 2.5
Bng 2.5
1. Am pe k A
2. Volt k V
3. Ohm k
Trang 19
4. Cos k cos
5. Pha k
6. Tn s k Hz
7. Watt k W
8. VAr k VAr
9. in k
kWh
3. V cc k hiu in trong s in cng nghip

3.1. Cc loi my in
Cc loi my in quay v my bin p, cun khng c qui c theo TCVN
1614-75 v TCVN 1619-75; thng dng cc k hiu ph bin sau (bng 2.6):
Bng 2.6
K hiu
STT Tn gi Trn s v tr, s
Trn s nguyn l
n tuyn
8
1. My bin p cch ly 1 pha
2. My bin p t ngu
Bin p t ngu hai dy

3.
qun mt li st t
My bin p Y/Y 3 pha 1 Y Y

4.
v Y Y
Trang 20
My bin p Y/Y 3 pha 1

v, th cp c dy trung Y Y
5. Y
tnh Y
My bin p /Y 3 pha 1
6. v
Y Y
My bin p /Y 3 pha 1

7. v, th cp c dy trung
Y Y
tnh
My bin p Y/Y 3 pha t

8.
hp
My bin p /Y 3 pha t
9.
hp
Cun cm, cun khng

10.
khng li
Cun cm, cun khng c

11.
li st t
12. Cun cm c li ferit
Cun cm, cun khng

13.
kp
Cun cm thay i c
14. thng s bng tip xc
trt
Cun cm c thng s
15.
bin thin lin tc
Trang 21
Dy qun stator
ng c khng ng b 3
16.
pha rotor lng sc
Roto
ng c khng ng b 3
17.
pha rotor dy qun
~
18. My in ng b
My in mt chiu kch
19.
t c lp
My in mt chiu kch
20.
t song song
My in mt chiu kch
21.
t ni tip
My in mt chiu kch
22.
t hn hp
23. ng c y
ng c 1 pha kiu in
24.
dung
Trang 22
ng c 1 pha khi ng
25.
bng ni tr
ng c 1 pha khi ng
26.
bng vng ngn mch
3.2. Cc loi thit b ng ct, iu khin

Cc loi kh c in dng trong iu khin in cng nghip c qui c theo
TCVN 1615-75 v TCVN 1623-75; thng dng cc k hiu ph bin sau (bng
2.7):
Bng 2.7
Cun dy rle, cng tc

t, khi ng t.
a. K hiu chung.
b. Cun dy rle dng. I
c. Cun dy rle qu
I>
dng. - Trn cng 1 s
1. ch s dng 1 dng k
hiu thng nht.
d. Cun dy rle p U
e. Cun dy rle km p. U<
`
f. Cun dy rle c in
tr 200. 200
Rle, cng tc t, khi

2.
ng t c 2 cun dy
Cun dy rle in t c
ghi tr hon thi gian
cun dy:
a. C chm tr khi ht
3. vo.
b. C chm tr khi nh
ra.
Trang 23
c. Chm tr khi ht vo
v nh ra.
Phn t t nng ca r
4.
le nhit
5. Cun dy rle so lch
Cun dy rle khng, lm

6.
vic vi dng AC
Nt n khng t gi.
- Bung tay ra s tr
7. a. Thng m.
v trng thi ban u.
b. Thng kn.
Nt n t gi
a. Thng m.
8. - T gi trng thi tc
b. Thng kn. ng khi bung tay ra.
c. i ni
9. Nt bm lin ng
Cng tc hnh trnh

a. Thng m.
b. Thng ng.
10.
c. Lin ng.
Tip im ca rle in
a. Thng h:
- Dng cho cc loi
b. Thng kn:
11. rle, tr rle nhit v
rle thi gian.
c. i ni
Trang 24
Tip im ca kh c in: - Dng cho cng tc

12. a. Thng h t, khi ng t, b
b. Thng kn khng ch ng lc
Tip im c b phn dp
tia la(h quang):
13.
a. Thng h
b. Thng kn
Tip im thng h ca
r le thi gian:
14.
a. ng mun:
b. Ct mun
c. ng, ct mun
Tip im thng kn ca
r le thi gian:
15. a. ng mun:
b. Ct mun
c. ng, ct mun
Tip im sau khi tc

ng phi tr v (reset)
- Thng p dng
16. bng tay:
cho rle nhit.
a. Thng h.
b. Thng kn.
Tip im ca rle khng

in:
a. Kiu c kh
b. Kiu kh nn
t0 >
17.
c. Kiu phao
d. Kiu nhit:
- Khng cun dy ph
- C cun dy ph.
e. Kiu ly tm
n>
Phanh hm in t
a. Mt pha.
18.
b. Ba pha.
Bn in t, nam chm
19.
in
20. B khng ch (tay gt c - Ti cc v tr c
Trang 25
kh). 5 4 0 1 2 chm t en th tip
B khng ch gm cc KC1 im tng ng ng
tip im v mt s v tr. kn.
Khi t v tr no s KC2 V d:
c nhng tip im c - S 0: KC1 kn.
KC3
ng li - S 1: KC2 kn.
- S 5: KC1 v KC3
kn.
21. in tr khi ng
22. My bin dng
23. My bin in p
4. V cc k hiu in trong s cung cp in

4.1. Cc thit b ng ct, o lng, bo v.
Cc loi kh c in ng ct, iu khin trong mng cao p, h p c qui c
theo TCVN 1615-75 v TCVN 1623-75; thng dng cc k hiu ph bin sau
(bng 2.8):
Bng 2.8
K hiu
STT Tn gi Trn s v tr, s
Ghi ch
n tuyn
Dao cch ly
- Mt cc
- Chiu ng ct qui
1. c l chiu kim ng
h.
- Ba cc
- Chiu ng ct qui
2. Dao ngn mch c l chiu kim ng
h.
- Chiu ng ct qui
Dao t mch
c l chiu kim ng
- Tc ng mt chiu
3. h.
- Tc ng hai chiu
- Chiu ng ct qui
Dao ct ph ti ba cc in
4. c l chiu kim ng
p cao
h.
- Cho php v my
5. My ct ba cc n cao p ct cao p bng mt
hnh vung v bn
Trang 26
cnh ghi hiu ca
loi my ct.
My ct c 1 cc thng
6.
m v 2 cc thng ng
My ct c nhiu cc (v d
7.
4 cc)
Ct chuyn mch (i ni)

mt cc
- C hai v tr
8.
- C ba v tr (v tr gia - V tr gia h
h) mch
Ct chuyn mch hai cc

- C hai v tr chuyn i
9.
mch khng gin on
- C ba v tr - V tr gia h
mch
Ct chuyn i mch bn
cc
- C hai v tr
10.
- C ba v tr - V tr th ba gia
Cu ch t ri (FCO)
11.
- Nu cn ch r i
lng ct th dng
My ct h p (ap t mat)
cc k hiu sau y
- Hai cc.
ngay cnh k hiu
ca my ct.
- Qu dng I >
12.
- Km dng I <
- Ba cc.
- Qua p U >
- Km p U <
I> - Dng ngc chiu I
- Ct dng cc i

Trang 27
13. Trm bin p
14. Trm phn phi
15. T iu khin h th
16. Trm i in (chnh lu)
17. Chng st ng
18. Chng st van
T b
19. - B ngang.
- B dc
Nh my in A A: Loi nh my
20. B B: Cng sut
My bin dng
- C 1 dy qun th cp.
- C 2 dy qun th cp
trn 1 li.
- C 2 dy qun th cp
trn 2 li ring.
21.
- My bin dng nhiu cp
Khe h phng in
- Loi 2 cc.
22.
- Loi 3 cc.
4.2. ng dy v ph kin ng dy.

Cc loi ph kin ng dy v cc dng th hin ng dy c qui c theo
TCVN 1618-75; thng dng cc k hiu ph bin sau (bng 2.9):
Trang 28
Bng 2.9
K hiu
STT Tn gi Trn s v tr, s n
Ghi ch
tuyn
1. Thanh ci - V bng nt m hn
2. ng dy trn khng. Nu mch c nhiu hn 4
dy th phn ra tng nhm 3
- Mch c 1 dy.
dy.
Khong cch gia cc nhm
- Mch c 2 dy, 3 dy.
ln hn khong cch gia cc
dy.
-
n Nhm cui cng gom li mt
- Mch c 4 dy, n dy.
hoc hai dy.
3. ng dy ng lc AC
n 1000V
- Dy trn
- Dy cp, dy bc
4. ng dy ng lc AC
trn 1000V
- Dy trn
- Dy cp, dy bc
5. Phn nhnh t thanh ci - V thanh ci bng ng
nt m hn
6. Phn nhnh dy in n - Nu cn ch s nhnh th
nhm thit b cng loi ghi s nhnh bn cnh hnh
v
0
7. Phn nhnh ng dy:

- Mt dy
- Hai dy
8. Ch un ca dy in
9. Nhp v tch cc dy - Ch thch:Cho php v gc

in. un 450
10. Dy in mm
11. Dy ni trung gian: - u t en c ni c
- C 1 u tho ra c nh.
- C 2 u tho ra c
12. Ni t - Ni ng dy vi t
- Ni t t nhin.
- Cc bng ng thp trn.
- Cc bng thp hnh.
13. Nhng ng dy cho - Nu cn ch r v tr tng

nhau, nhng khng ni i gia cc dy dn vi
Trang 29
Dy t trn
nhau v in. nhau th dng k hiu
14. Nhng ng dy cho

nhau c ni nhau v in
15. S phng in
16. Ch b hng cch in

- Gia cc dy.
- Gia dy v v
- Gia dy v t
17. Mt s k hiu v ng
dy chuyn dng
- ng dy ca li
in phn phi ng lc
mt chiu.
- ng dy ca li
in phn phi ng lc
xoay chiu c tn s khc
50Hz.
- Cp v dy mm di
ng dng cho ng lc,
chiu sng.
- ng dy chiu sng
s c.
i vi bn v ch c
chiu sng.
i vi bn v va
c ng lc v chiu
sng.
ng dy chiu
sng bo v.
- ng dy mng di
36V.
- ng dy ca li
kim tra, o lng, khng
ch, iu khin.
- ng dy ni t hoc
ng dy ni trung tnh.
- ng dy xuyn
tng, xuyn trn.
ng dy i ln, i
xung.
ng dy i xuyn
t trn xung, t di ln
Trang 30
18. Ct, tr in
- Tr b tng ly tm.
- Tr b tng vung, ch
nht. - S lng v v tr cn,
neo chng ph thuc vo
thc t.
- Tr in c neo chng.
- Tr in c s dng 2
cn
19. Crc 4 s h th - Crc 2 s, 3 s c biu
din tng ng.
20. U 1 s h th - U 2 s c biu din

tng ng.
21. Hp u dy vo
22. Hp ni dy hai ng
23.
Hp ni dy 3 ng
24.
Hp ni dy r nhnh
25.
Hp t my ct h p
26.
Hp t cu dao
27. Hp t cu chy
28. Hp t cu dao v cu
chy
29. Hp cu dao i ni
30. Hp khi ng thit b
cao p
5. V cc k hiu in trong s in t
5.1. Cc linh kin th ng
Linh kin th ng gm in tr, t in, cun cm v my bin th c qui
c theo TCVN 1616-75 v TCVN 1614-75; thng dng cc k hiu ph thng sau
(bng 2.10, 2.11 v 2.12):
a. in tr
Bng 2.10
1.
in tr khng iu chnh
2. in tr khng iu chnh c - Khi c nhiu u ra th
Trang 31
2 u rt ra. cho php tng thm chiu
di ca hnh v.
3. in tr cng sut
- in tr c cng sut danh
nh l 0.05W.

nh l 0.12W.

nh l 0.25W.
nh l 0.5W.
- Khi cng sut 1W tr ln

th dng ch s la m. V d:
in tr 1W, 2W, 5W
- Khi cng sut ln hn 5W

th dng k hiu 15W
4. in tr iu chnh c
(Bin tr)
- K hiu chung
- C h mch
- Khng h mch
5. Bin tr tinh chnh
- K hiu chung.
- H mch.
- Kn mch.
6. in tr iu chnh c
(chit p)
- K hiu chung.
- Chit p tinh chnh.
- Chit p c u a ra.
- Chit p trn c 1 chi.

+ Cung cp quan tip im
c nh.
Trang 32
+ Cung cp quan tip im
khng c nh.
Sin
Sin

Cos

a. T in
Bng 2.11
T in khng iu chnh c
- K hiu chung.
- T ha.
+ C phn cc. +
+ Khng phn cc.

- T in xuyn. - Cho php khng ghi
1.
du cc tnh
- T in c bn cc ni t.
- T in c in tr u ni
tip. - dp tia h quang
T in c iu chnh
2. - Nu cn nhn mnh phn
quay th dng k hiu
3. B t in bin i 3 ngn
4. T in tinh chnh
T in bin i theo in p
5.
(varicon)
6. T in vi sai (so lch)
Trang 33
7. T in dch pha
b. Cun cm v bin th
Bng 2.12
1. Cun cm, cun khng khng li
2. Cun cm, cun khng c li st t

3. Cun cm c li ferit
Cun cm thay i c thng s
4.
bng tip xc trt
Cun cm c thng s bin thin lin
5.
tc
6. My bin p cch ly 1 pha, li st t
7. My bin p cch ly 1 pha, li ferit
My bin p cch ly 1 pha, li ferit

8.
iu chnh c
9. My bin p t ngu
5.2. Cc linh kin tch cc

Nhm linh kin tch cc (hay linh kin bn dn) c qui c theo TCVN1626-
75; thng dng cc k hiu ph bin sau (bng 2.13):
Bng 2.13
Diode bn dn - nh ca hnh tam gic ch
1.
chiu dn in ln nht
2. Diode c lp gc kp
Trang 34
3. Diode ng hm
- Mi tn ch chiu dng in
4. Diode o
ln nht
Dng c n p bn dn
- Dn in mt chiu
5. - Diode thc v diode zener.
- Dn in hai chiu
6. Diode nhit
7. Diode bin dung (varicap)
Diode c iu khin
- K hiu chung
8. - C cc iu khin t lp - Cn gi l SCR, thyristor
n.
- C cc iu khin t lp
p.
Thyristor loi diode i

9.
xng
10. Diode quang (in)
11. Diode pht quang (Led)
Transistor n ni (UJT)
B1
- Cc gc (baz) loi n E
B2
12.
B1
E
- Cc gc (baz) loi p B2
Trang 35
Transistor lng ni (BJT) - Nn dng k hiu:
E,B,C ch cc pht, cc
- Loi p-n-p. gc v cc gp ca transistor.
C
13. B
- Loi n-p-n. E
Transistor trng (FET)

D D
- J FET G G
S S
Knh n Knh p
14.
D D
G G
S S
- MOS-FET
Lin tc Gin on
T2
15. Dic
T1
T2
16. Tric
G T1
17. in tr turner
18. in tr quang
in tr quang loi sai

19.
ng
20. Transistor quang (in)
Loi n-p-n Loi p-n-p
+VC
Khuch i thut ton (op P + C Ng ra - P: ng vo khng o.
21.
amp) - N: ng vo o.
N

VEE
Trang 36
5.3. Cc phn t logc
Cc phn t logc trong k thut in t c qui c trong TCVN 1633-75;
thng dng cc k hiu hp bin sau (bng 2.14):
Bng 2.14
A - Trng hp c nhiu
Y
1. Cng logc OR hn 2 ng vo th v
B thm cc ng vo C, D
A
Y
2. Cng logc AND
B
A Y
3. Cng logc NOT
A Y
4. Cng logc NOR B
A Y
5. Cng logc XOR
B
A Y
6. Cng logc XNOR
B
A
Y
7. Cng logc AND
B
Flip Flop (FF)

- RS FF. R Y1
S FF Y2
8. Y1 = Y2
J Y1
K FF Y2
- JK FF.
TH - TH: To hm;
Cc b to hm, to X Y - TX: To xung;
TX - D: Dao ng.
9. xung, dao ng D
- S dng ph hp cc k
t trn cho cc chc
nng tng ng.
Trang 37
+V 8 7 6 5 - Chn IC c b tr 2
hng theo qui lut nh
hnh v.
TN IC - Ti chm trn l chn s
1.
10. Mch kt (IC) - Chn cui cng l cp
ngun dng.
1 2 3 4 V - Ngun m hoc mass
c cp chn cui
cng bn phi cng
hng vi chn s 1.
6. Cc k hiu bng ch dng trong v in

Trong v in, ngoi k hiu bng hnh v nh qui c cn s dng rt nhiu k
t i km th hin chnh xc k hiu cng nh thun tin trong vic phn tch,
thuyt minh s mch.
Ty theo ngn ng s dng m cc k t c th khc nhau, nhng im ging
nhau l thng dng cc k t vit tt t tn gi ca thit b, kh c in .
V d:
- CD: cu dao (ting Vit); SW (ting Anh Switch: ci ngt in).
- CC: cu ch (ting Vit); F (ting Anh Fuse: cu ch).
- : n in (ting Vit); L (ting Anh Lamp: bng n).
Trng hp trong cng mt s c s dng nhiu thit b cng loi, th
thm vo cc con s pha trc hoc pha sau k t th hin. V d: 1CD, 2CD;
1, 2 ...
Trong bn v cc k t dng lm k hiu c th hin bng ch IN HOA (tr
cc trng hp c qui c khc).
Bng 2.15 gii thiu mt s k hiu bng k t thng dng.
STT K hiu Tn gi Ghi ch
1. CD Cu dao.
2. CB; Ap Aptomat; my ct h th.
3. CC Cu ch.
C th s dng cc th hin c
tnh lm vic nh: T cng tc t
4. K Cng tc t, khi ng t.
quay thun; H cng tc t hm
dng ...
5. K Cng tc. Dng trong s chiu sng.
6. O; O cm in
7. n in. Dng trong s chiu sng.
ng c mt chiu; ng c in Dng trong s in cng
8.
ni chung. nghip
9. C Chung in.
10. B Bp in, l in
Trang 38
11. Q Qut in.
12. MB My bm.
13. C ng c in ni chung.
14. CK Cun khng.
15. KB ng c khng ng b.
16. B ng c ng b.
My pht in mt chiu; my
17. F
pht in ni chung.
18. FKB My pht khng ng b.
19. FB My pht ng b.
20. M; ON Nt khi ng my.
21. D; OFF Nt dng my.
22. KC B khng ch, tay gt c kh.
23. RN Rle nhit.
24. RTh Rle thi gian (timer).
25. RU Rle in p.
26. RI Rle dng in.
27. RTr Rle trung gian.
28. RTT Rle bo v thiu t trng.
29. RT Rle tc .
30. KH Cng tc hnh trnh.
31. FH Phanh hm in t.
32. NC Nam chm in.
33. BT Bn in t.
34. V Van thy lc; van c kh.
35. MC My ct trung, cao th.
36. MCP My ct phn on ng dy.
37. DCL Dao cch ly.
38. DN Dao ni t.
39. FCO Cu ch t ri.
40. BA; BT My bin th.
41. CS Thit b chng st.
42. T Thanh ci cao p, h p Dng trong s cung cp in
43. T (transformer) My bin th. Dng trong s in t.
44. D; DZ Diode; Diode zener.
45. C T in.
46. R in tr.
47. RT in tr nhit
Trang 39
48. BJT; Q; T Transistor
49. Q; T BJT; SCR; tric; dic; UJT
50. CL Mch chnh lu
51. VCC Ngun cung cp
Ngun m hoc im chung trong
52. mass
s
53. Op amp Mch khuch i thut ton
54. FF Mch Flip Flop.
55. R (reset) Ng xa ci t. Dng trong s in t.
56. S (set) Ng ci t. Dng trong s in t.
57. IC Mch kt, mch t hp.
58. A (anod) Dng cc ca diode, SCR. Thng gi l cc A
59. K (katod) m cc ca diode, SCR. Thng gi l cc K
Cc nn, cc gc ca transistor,
60. B (base) Thng gi l cc B
UJT.
61. C (collector) Cc gp ca transistor. Thng gi l cc C
62. E (emiter) Cc pht ca transistor, UJT. Thng gi l cc E
Cc cng, cc kch, cc iu
63. G (gate) Thng gi l cc G
khin ca SCR, tric, dic, FET.
64. D (drain) Cc tho, cc xut ca FET. Thng gi l cc D
65. S (source) Cc ngun ca FET. Thng gi l cc S
CU HI CNG C BI HC
V cc k hiu mt bng sau v gii thch ngha ca chng (bng 2.16)
Bng 2.16
STT Tn gi K hiu ngha
Ca ra vo 1 cnh;
23.
2 cnh
24. Ca gp, ca ko
Ca s n khng
25.
m
26. Cu thang 2 cnh
Trang 40
Bp un than ci:
- Khng ng khi
27.
- C ng khi
Bp hi:
- Hai ngn
28.
- Bn ngn
29. Sn nc
30. Chu ra mt
V cc k hiu in sau v gii thch ngha ca chng (bng 2.17)

Bng 2.17
1. Dng in DC; AC hnh
sin
2. Mng in 3 pha 4 dy
3. Cc dy pha v dy
trung tnh ca mng
in 3 pha
4. Hai dy dn khng ni
nhau v in
5. Hai dy dn ni nhau
v in
6. Ni t
7. Ni v my, ni mass
8. Dy ni hnh sao c
dy trung tnh
Trang 41
Bng 2.18
1. L in tr
2. Chung in
Qut trn, qut treo

3.
tng
4. n si t
5. n hunh quang
n thy ngn c p
6.
lc cao
7. n chiu sng cc b
n chm hunh
8.
quang
9. n tn hiu

Bng 2.19
1. Cu dao 1 pha
Cu dao 1 pha 2 ng (cu

2.
dao o 1 pha)
3. Cu dao 3 pha
Cu dao 3 pha 2 ng (cu

4.
dao o 3 pha)
5. Cng tc 2 cc:
Trang 42
6. Cng tc 3 cc:
7. cm in
8. Aptomat 1 pha
9. Aptomat 3 pha
10. Cu ch
Nt bm
11.

Bng 2.20
K hiu
STT Tn gi Trn s v tr, s ngha
Trn s nguyn l
n tuyn
My bin p cch ly
1.
1 pha
My bin p t
2.
ngu
Bin p t ngu hai

3. dy qun mt li
st t
Cun cm, cun

4.
khng khng li
Cun cm, cun

5.
khng c li st t
Cun cm, cun

6.
khng kp

Bng 2.21
K hiu
STT Tn gi Trn s v tr, s ngha
Trn s nguyn l
n tuyn
Trang 43
ng c khng
1. ng b 3 pha rotor
lng sc
ng c khng
2. ng b 3 pha rotor
dy qun
3. My in ng b
My in mt chiu
4.
kch t c lp
My in mt chiu
5.
kch t ni tip
ng c 1 pha kiu
6.
in dung
Cun dy rle, cng tc t,

1.
khi ng t.
Rle, cng tc t, khi ng

2.
t c 2 cun dy
Tip im ca rle in,

cng tc t, khi ng t
3. - Thng h.
- Thng kn.
- i ni
Phn t t nng v tip

4.
im ca rle nhit
Trang 44
Nt n khng t gi.
- Thng m.
5.
- Thng kn.
Nt n t gi
- Thng m.
6.
- Thng kn.
- i ni
7. Phanh hm in t
8. Bn in t, nam chm in.

Bng 2.23
1. Nt bm lin ng
Cng tc hnh trnh

- Thng m.
2.
- Thng ng.
- Lin ng.
Tip im thng h ca
rle thi gian:
- ng mun:
3.
- Ct mun
- ng, ct mun
Tip im thng ng ca
rle thi gian:
- ng mun:
4.
- Ct mun
- ng, ct mun
Tip im ca rle khng
in:
5. - Kiu c kh
- Kiu kh nn
Trang 45
Bng 2.24
K hiu
ngha
tuyn
1. Dao cch ly
2. My ct ba cc in cao p
3. Cu ch t ri (FCO)
4. Trm bin p
5. Trm phn phi
6. Chng st ng
7. Chng st van
8. T b

Bng 2.25
K hiu
ngha
tuyn
1. Thanh ci
ng dy trn khng c 3
2.
dy, 4 dy.
ng dy ng lc AC n
3.
1000V (dy trn, dy bc)
Dy ni trung gian c 2 u
4.
tho ra c:
5. Ni t (cc bng ng thp)
Hng cch in gia cc

6. ng dy v gia ng
dy v v.
Trang 46
ng dy xuyn tng t
7.
di ln, t trn xung.
Tr b tng ly tm c neo
8. chng v 2 hng vung
gc 900
9. Crc 2 s h th
10. U 2 s h th

Bng 2.26
1. in tr khng iu chnh
in tr cng sut 0,25W,

2.
10W
in tr iu chnh (h
3. mch); bin tr tinh chnh
(kn mch)
Chit p trn c 3 chi cung

4.
cp in c nh.
T ha (c phn cc, khng

5.
phn cc).
6. T in tinh chnh
7. B t iu chnh 3 ngn
Bin p cch ly 2 cun dy,

8.
li ferit iu chnh c
Cun cm c thng s bin
9.
thin lin tc

Bng 2.27
Diode bn dn
Diode bin dung (varicap)
Trang 47
SCR
Diode quang; LED
UJT
BJT
JFET knh n
MOSFET gin on
Tric
Dic
Transistor quang loi n-p-n

Bng 2.28
1. Op amp
2. Cng AND
3. Cng OR
4. Cng NOT
5. Cng NOR
6. Cng NAND
7. Cng XOR
8. Cng XNOR
9. IC 14 chn
Nhn dng cc k hiu sau v cho bit phm vi ng dng ca chng (bng 2.29)
Bng 2.29
Trang 48
STT K hiu Tn gi Phm vi ng dng
1. DC;
2. AC;
3. A, B, C; N
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Bng 2.30
STT K hiu Tn gi Phm vi ng
dng
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A V
Trang 49
8. Hz cos
9.
VAr kWh
Bng 2.31
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Trang 50
9.
10.
Bng 2.32
1. K
2.
I>
3.
U<
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Trang 51
14.
Bng 2.33
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
I>
12.
Bng 2.34
1.
2.
Trang 52
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Nhn dng k hiu cc linh kin th ng sau v gii thch c im ca chng

(bng 2.35)
Bng 2.35
STT K hiu Tn gi c im
1.
2.
3. Sin
4.
5.
6. +
7.
8.
9.
Trang 53
10.
11.
12.
Nhn dng k hiu cc linh kin tch cc sau v gii thch c im ca chng
(bng 2.36)
Bng 2.36
STT K hiu Tn gi c im
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. D D
G G
S S
7. A
Y
B
8. J Y1
FF Y2
K
9. A Y
B
10. A Y
B
Trang 54
11. Y
A
12. A Y
B
Trang 55
BI 3: V S IN
1. M u
Trong ngnh in - in t, th hin mt mch in c th no c th dng
cc dng s khc nhau. Mi dng s s c mt s tnh nng, yu cu cng
nh cc qui c nht nh. Vic nm bt, vn dng v khai thc chnh xc cc dng
s th hin mt tiu ch no trn mt bn v l yu cu c bn mang tnh
bt buc i vi ngi th cng nh cn b k thut cng tc trong ngnh in -
in t.
lm c iu th vic phn tch, nhn dng, nm bt cc qui chun ca
cc dng s l mt yu cu trng tm. N l c s bao trm thc hin hon
chnh mt bn v. ng thi n cn l iu kin tin quyt cho vic thi cng, lp rp
hay d tr vt t, lp phng n thi cng cc cng trnh in, in t dn dng v
cng nghip.
Mc tiu thc hin:
- V cc bn v in c bn ng tiu chun Vit Nam (TCVN) v tiu chun
Quc t (IEC).
- V/phn tch cc bn v in chiu sng; bn v lp t in; cung cp in; s
mch in t... theo tiu chun Vit Nam v Quc t.
- Chuyn i qua li gia cc dng s theo cc k hiu qui c.
- D tr khi lng vt t cn thit phc v qu trnh thi cng theo tiu chun qui
nh.
- ra phng n thi cng ng vi thit k.
Ni dung chnh:
- V cc dng s : s nguyn l, v tr, s ni dy, s mt bng...
- Nguyn tc chuyn i qua li gia cc dng s .
- D tr vt t, lp phng n thi cng.
1.1. Khi nim
Trong ngnh in in t, s dng nhiu dng s khc nhau. Mi dng s
s th hin mt s tiu ch nht nh no ca ngi thit k.
Tht vy, nu ch cn th hin nguyn l lm vic ca mt mch in, hay mt
cng trnh no th khng quan tm n v tr lp t hay kch thc tht ca thit
b. Ngc li nu mun bit v tr lp t ca thit b c phng n thi cng th
phi c trn s v tr (s nguyn l khng th hin iu ny).
Trong bi hc ny s gii thiu cch thc hin cc dng s cng nh mi
lin h rng buc gia chng vi nhau. ng thi cng nu ln cc nguyn tc cn
nh khi thc hin mt bn v in.
Trang 56
1.2. V d v cc dng s
N
C
D C 1K 1
C
2K 2
O
C
HNH 3.1: V D V S NGUYN L
S hnh 3.1 cho bit nguyn l hot ng ca s , c th nh sau:

- Sau khi ng cu dao CD, mch chun b hot ng. ng cng tc 1K, n
1 sng, tng t n 2 s sng khi 2K c n. Mun s dng cc thit b
nh qut in, bn i (bn l)... ch vic cm trc tip thit b vo cm OC.
- Nh vy s ny ch cho bit nguyn tc ni mch nh th no mch
vn hnh ng nguyn l, ch cha th hin c v tr lp t thit b, phng
n i dy hay lng vt t tiu hao cn c...
- Trong s ni dy hnh 3.2, th hin tng i r hn phng n i dy c
th nhng cng cha th d tr c vt t, hay xc nh v tr thit b v cha c
mt bng c th ca cng trnh.

HNH 3.2: V D V S NI DY
Cn s v tr nh hnh 3.3 th ngi thi cng d dng xc nh c khi

lng vt t cng nh phng n thi cng nhng li khng r rng v phng n
ng ct, iu khin cc thit b.
Trang 57
Do vy, th hin y mt cng trnh ngi ta s kt hp cc dng s
vi nhau mt cch hp l nht, cn thit c th s dng thm bng thuyt minh chi
tit bng li hoc bng hnh v minh ha.
12m
6m
HNH 3.3: V D V S V TR
2. V s mt bng, s v tr
2.1. Khi nim
a. S mt bng
L s biu din kch thc ca cng trnh (nh xng, phng c) theo
hng nhn t trn xung.
b. S v tr
Da vo s mt bng, ngi ta b tr v tr ca cc thit b c y kch
thc gi l s v tr. K hiu in dng trong s v tr l k hiu in dng
trong s mt bng.
1,
4m
2,4m
6m
4, 4, 3
5m 5m m
Trang 58
Hnh 3.4. S MT BNG CA MT CN H
2.2. V d v s mt bng v s v tr
Hnh 3.4 th hin mt bng ca mt cn h c 3 phng: phng khch, phng
ng v nh bp. Nhn vo s ny c th bit c cc kch thc ca tng
phng, ca ca ra vo, ca s cng nh kch thc tng th ca cn h...
12m
4 4
3
6m
HNH 3.5a: S V TR MNG IN N GIN
Cn hnh 3.5 l s v tr ca mng in n gin gm c 1 bng iu khin

v 2 bng n, chi tit cc phn t ca mng in nh sau:
1. Ngun in (ng dy dn n c ghi s lng dy);
2. Bng iu khin;
3. ng dy lin lc (dy dn in);
4. Thit b in (bng n);
Bi tp: Hnh 3.5b th hin mt bng ca mt cn h c 3 phng: phng khch,
phng ng v nh bp. Nhn vo s ny c th bit c cc kch thc ca
tng phng, ca ca ra vo, ca s cng nh kch thc tng th ca cn h...
Trang 59
Hnh 3.5b: S mt bng mt cn h
3. V s nguyn l v s ni dy
3.1. Khi nim
a. S nguyn l
S nguyn l l loi s trnh by nguyn l vn hnh ca mch in, mng
in. N gii thch, gip ngi th hiu bit s vn hnh ca mch in, mng in.
Ni cch khc, s nguyn l l dng cc k hiu in biu th cc mi lin
quan trong vic kt ni, vn hnh mt h thng in hay mt phn no ca h
thng in.1
S nguyn l c php b tr theo mt phng cch no c th d
dng v mch, d c, d phn tch nht. S nguyn l s c v u tin khi
tin hnh thit k mt mch in, mng in. T s ny s tip tc v thm cc
s khc (s ni dy, s n tuyn...) nu cn.
S nguyn l c th c biu din theo hng ngang hoc ct dc. Khi biu
din theo hng ngang th cc thnh phn lin tip ca mch s c v theo th t
t trn xung di. Cn nu biu din theo ct dc th theo th t t tri sang phi.
b. S ni dy
L loi s din t phng n i dy c th ca mch in, mng in c
suy ra t s nguyn l.
S ni dy c th v c lp hoc kt hp trn s v tr. Ngi thi cng s
c s ny lp rp ng vi tinh thn ca ngi thit k. Khi thit k s
ni dy cn ch nhng im sau y:
- Bng iu khin phi t ni kh ro, thong mt, thun tin thao tc, ph
hp qui trnh cng ngh (ch v tr ca s, ca ci, hng m ca ci, ca la,
hng gi thi).
- Dy dn phi c i tp trung thnh tng cm, cp theo tng hoc trn,
khng c ko ngang dc tu .
- Trn s cc im ni nhau v in phi c nh s ging nhau.
- Trn bng v cc ng dy phi c v bng nt c bn, ch v nhng
ng dy song song hoc vung gc nhau.
- Cu dao chnh v cng t tng nn t mt ni d nhn thy nht.
- Phi la chn phng n i dy sao cho chiu di dy dn l ngn nht.
3.2. V d v s nguyn l v s ni dy
a. V cc s iu khin mng in chiu sng
Trong mng chiu sng, s mch c th hin bng s nguyn l, s
ni dy. Khi th hin trn mt bng thng dng s n tuyn. Trong phn ny
s xt mt s mch c bn th hin bng s nguyn l v s ni dy. Cn s
n tuyn s xt phn sau.
V d 3.1: Mch gm 1 cu dao, 1 cu ch, 1 cm, 1 cng tc iu khin 1 n
si t.
Trang 60
S nguyn l nh hnh 3.6. Cn c vo s , chng ta s hiu c nguyn
tc kt ni cc thit b vi nhau mch vn hnh ng nguyn l. ng thi mch
cng cho bit cc thao tc vn hnh v cc chc nng bo v...
Cn s ni dy hnh 3.7, ngi c s bit c phng n i dy c th
ca mch in. Ngoi ra cng phn no xc nh c v tr lp t cc thit b,
ng thi cn c ci nhn tng th v khi lng vt t hay phng n thi cng.
K
CD CC

OC
N
HNH 3.6: S NGUYN L MCH IU KHIN 1 N SI T
HNH 3.7: S NI DY TRONG V D 3.1
V d 3.2: Mch gm 2 cu ch, 1 cm, 1 cng tc iu khin 2 n si t (c

in p ging nhau v bng vi in p ngun. S nguyn l v s ni dy
nh hnh 3.8 v 3.9.
V d 3.3: Mch iu khin n v chung in. Khi n nt th chung reo v n
sng. S nguyn l v s ni dy nh hnh 3.10 v 3.11.
V d 3.4: Mch n iu khin 2 ni (n cu thang). S nguyn l v s
ni dy nh hnh 3.12 v 3.13.
Trang 61
1
2
1CC K
N
2CC OC
HNH 3.8: S NGUYN L MCH 2 N SI T IU KHIN CHUNG
C
CC M
N
HNH 3.10: S NGUYN L MCH IU KHIN CHUNG IN C N
Trang 62

N

CC
1K 2K
HNH 3.12 S NGUYN L MCH N CU THANG
HNH 3.13: S NI DY MCH N CU THANG
V d 3.5: Mch n iu khin 3 ni (n chiu sng hnh lang). S nguyn l

v s ni dy nh hnh 3.14 v 3.15.

CC
2K N
1K 3K
HNH 3.14: S NGUYN L MCH N CHIU SNG HNH LANG
Trang 63
HNH 3.15: S NI DY MCH N CHIU SNG

HNH LANG
M rng: Mch n iu khin nhiu ni: Hc sinh t v s nguyn l v s
ni dy.
Gi : T c s l mch n iu khin 2 ni, mun m rng thm 1 ni iu
khin th dng thm 1 cng tc 4 cc v kt ni tng t nh hnh 3.20.
V d: iu khin 4 ni th dng 2 cng tc 3 cc v 2 cng tc 4 cc. iu khin
5 ni th dng 2 cng tc 3 cc v 3 cng tc 4 cc...
V d 3.6: Mch n th t (n nh kho). S nguyn l v s ni dy nh
hnh 3.16 v 3.17.
1 2 3 4
CC
2K 3K 4K
1K
HNH 3.16: S NGUYN L MCH N NH KHO
Trang 64
HNH 3.17: S NI DY MCH N NH KHO
Trang 65
V d 3.7: Mch iu khin n hunh quang v qut trn. S nguyn l v s
ni dy nh hnh 3.18 v 3.19.
1
CC
1
K
2 Q
CC
HS
HNH 3.18: S NGUYN L N HUNH QUANG V QUT TRN
HNH 3.19: S NI DY MCH N HUNH QUANG V QUT TRN
Trang 66
Lp: KHOA IN
Tn: N T l: 1:1
Ng.v: CU THANG
S:
KT:
Trang 67
Lp: KHOA IN
Tn: N T l:
1:1
Ng.v: NH KHO
S:
KT:
Trang 68
Lp: KHOA IN
Tn: CHUNG T l:
IN 1:1
Ng.v:
S:
KT:
Trang 69
Lp: KHOA IN
Tn: N HUNH QUANG T l: 1:1
V QUT TRN
Ng.v:
S:
KT:
Trang 70
b. V cc s iu khin mng in cng nghip.

i vi mng in cng nghip, s mch thng c th hin di dng
s nguyn l v s ni dy. Ngoi ra khi kt hp vi h thng cung cp in,
s mch cng c th hin bng s n tuyn.
V d 3.8: Mch iu khin o chiu ng c 3 pha bng cu dao 2 ng. S
nguyn l v s ni dy nh hnh 3.20 v 3.21.
A B C
0. DNG
1
1. QUAY THUN.
0
2. QUAY NGHCH.
2
K
B
HNH 3.20: S NGUYN L MCH O
CHIU
A 1. NG C 3 PHA BNG CU DAO 2 NG

B
C
HNH 3.21: S NI DY MCH O CHIU KB

NG C 3 PHA BNG CU DAO 2 NG
V d 3.9: Mch khi ng Y ng c 3 pha bng cu dao 2 ng. S nguyn

l v s ni dy nh hnh 3.22 v 3.23.
Trang 71
A B C
CD
KB
2CD LM VIC
DNG
Y KHI NG
HNH 3.22: S NGUYN L MCH KHI NG Y

A
B
C
HNH 3.23: S NI DY MCH KHI NG Y

V d 3.10: Mch o chiu quay ng c 1 pha (kiu in dung) bng cu dao

2 ng. S nguyn l v s ni dy nh hnh 3.24 v 3.25.
Trang 72
N N

1CD
2CD
a. Dng cu dao o 1 pha b. Dng cu dao o 3 pha
HNH 3.24: S NGUYN L MCH O CHIU NG C 1 PHA BNG CU DAO 2 NG
HNH 3.25: S NI DY MCH O CHIU NG

C 1 PHA BNG CU DAO 2 NG
V d 3.11: Mch m my ng c 3 pha qua cun khng bng cu dao. S

nguyn l v s ni dy nh hnh 3.26 v 3.27.
Trang 73
A B C
1CD
C
C
CK 2CD
KB HNH 3.26: S NGUYN L MCH M MY

NG C 3 PHA QUA CUN KHNG BNG CU DAO
A
B
C
C
K
KB
HNH 3.27: S NI DY MCH M MY NG C 3

PHA QUA CUN KHNG BNG CU DAO
Trang 74
A
B
C
KB
Lp: KHOA IN
O CHIU QUAY
Tn: KB 3 PHA BNG T l: 1:1
Ng.v: CU DAO
S:
KT:
Trang 75
A B C
CD
2CC MT
D N
T
1 3
6
5 7 RN
1 4
1 T
CC
MN
T
N
9 1
3
1 2
T N N
2
R
RN N
KB Lp: KHOA IN
O CHIU QUAY
Ng.v: KHI NG T
S:
KT:
Trang 76
A
B
C
KB
C
K
Lp: KHOA IN
M MY QUA QUA
Tn: CUN KHNG KB 3 T l: 1:1
PHA BNG CU DAO
Ng.v:
S:
KT:
Trang 77
A B C
D
2 M
CC D g
6
5
3
1C RT R
C g h N
g
RT K
h
7
1 4
K
C K 9
K
5 6
2
K
11
2 3 R
RN N
KB TRNG CAO NG NGH K LK

Lp: M MY QUA QUA KHOA
Tn: CUN KHNG KB 3 IN
T l:
PHA BNG KT
Ng.v: 1:1
S:
KT:
Trang 78
A
B
C
A B C
X Y Z
Lp: KHOA IN
M MY Y
Ng.v: CU DAO
S:
KT:
Trang 79
A B C
CD
2CC M
D
g
5
1 3 RTh RN
1CC g 6
g RTh KY
K
7
9 4
RN K 1
5 11
RTh K
KY
13
K
6
KB 15 KY 2
17
3 RN
2
KY
Lp: KHOA IN
M MY Y
Ng.v: KT
S:
KT:
Trang 80
A B C
CD
2CC D M
H K
5
3 7 RN
1CC 1 K 1
RT
H h 6
BT
4
K RT K H
11
H h
9
H 13 2
1
RN CL 3 R
2
N
KB
Lp: M MY V HM
KHOA
Tn: IN
NG NNG KB T l: 1:1
Ng.v: 3 PHA
S:
KT:
Trang 81
A B C 2CC M
D
K
5
CD 3
5 RN
K 1
1
1RTh 6
1CC 1RTh
1G
7
2RTh
K
2RTh 1G
2G
RN 9 11
1G 2
13 4
5
KB 2G 3
15
4 RN
2
2G
RP2
1G
RP1
Lp: KHOA IN
M MY KB 3
Tn: T l: 1:1
PHA ROTOR
Ng.v: DY QUN
S:
KT:
Trang 82
A B C
2CC M
CD D
K
3
5 RN
1 K 1
5 RTr 6
1CC
RTr
K
1RI
1G
RN 7 9
1G 2RI
2G
11
9
KB 2G
4
1G
13
2G 3
2G
RP2 15
4 RN
2RI 2
1G
RP1
1RI Lp: KHOA IN

M MY KB 3
Tn: T l: 1:1
PHA ROTOR
Ng.v: DY QUN
S:
KT:
Trang 83
N +
1RU
2RU
3CC 3CC 1CC 2G 1G 1CC
M RN
D K K
K
5
RP2 RP1
RN
3 T 1
1
+
6
1RU 1G
7
2CC 2CC
1G 2RU
2G 4
9 11 CK RFK
1G 2
13
5
2G 3
15
4 TRNG CAO NG NGH K LK

RN
2 Lp: KHOA IN
M MY NG
Tn: T l: 1:1
C MT CHIU
Ng.v:
S:
KT:
Trang 84
b. V cc s mch in t.
S trong mch in t thng ch s dng dng s nguyn l l chnh
(s ni dy gn nh khng dng; lp rp c mch ngi ta s dng s
mch in). Trong phm vi ti liu ny s gii thiu mt s mch in t c bn
th hin bng s nguyn l.
V d 3.12: Mch chnh lu cu 1 pha c t lc. S nguyn l 3.28.
D1
+
D2 +
TI

D3
N
D4
HNH 3.28: MCH CHNH LU CU 1 PHA C T
LC
V d 3.13: Mch chnh lu sao 3 pha. S nguyn l 3.29.
A a 1
+
b 2
B
TI
3
C c
HNH 3.29: MCH CHNH LU SAO

3 PHA
V d 3.14: Mch chnh lu sao 3 pha. S nguyn l 3.30.
D1
A +
D4
D2
B
TI
D5
D3
C
HNH 3.30: MCH CHNH LU CU 3 PHA
Trang 85
V d 3.15: Mch chnh lu c khng ch sao 1 pha. S nguyn l 3.31.
1
G1
+
T1 RT
T2
D6
G2
2 R1 DZ
D1 UJT
R6
D2 R4
R7
R2 R3
C
R5
HNH 3.31: MCH CHNH LU C KHNG CH SAO 1 PHA V MCH KCH SCR DNG UJT
V d 3.16: Mch chnh lu c khng ch cu 3 pha i xng v khng i

xng. S nguyn l 3.32.
T1
A +
G1
T4
G6
T2
B
TI
G2
T5
G5
T3
C
G3
T6 _
G4
a. Cu 3 pha i xng
Trang 86
T1
A +
G1
D4
T2
B
TI
G2
D5
T3
C
G3
D6 _
b. Cu 3 pha khng i xng
HNH 3.32: MCH CHNH LU C KHNG CH CU 3 PHA
V d 3.17: ng dng SCR iu khin ti AC, DC. S nguyn l 3.33.

O OF
N F
D TI
R
2
E
SC
R
R
2
a. iu khin n bng
SCR
K
R1
220V AC
SCR
VR
D1
M D2
R2
b. iu khin ng c vn nng bng SCR
Trang 87
HNH 3.33: MCH NG DNG SCR
V d 3.18: ng dng Tric iu khin ti. S nguyn l 3.34.

0 2
1
220V AC
T D
HNH 3.34: MCH NG DNG TRIC
V d 3.19: Mch n p b dng BJT. S nguyn l 3.35.

Q1
+
R3 R1
+ _ Q2 URA
R4
MU
Q3 R2
DZ CHUN
R5
_
HNH 3.35: MCH N P B DNG BJT
V d 3.20: Mch timer in t dng BJT. S nguyn l 3.36.

M
Q3

R2
R1 R4
Q1
Q2
R
R6 L
R3 R5
1 2
100 1000 L
ed
HNH 3.36: MCH TIMER DNG

BJT
Trang 88
V d 3.21: Mt vi ng dng khc ca BJT. S nguyn l 3.37.

R1 RC RL D
R1
R2
Q Q
C1
R2 R3 C
+ +
a. Mch khuch i dng BJT b. iu khin rle dng BJT v photo DIODE
HNH 3.37: MCH NG DNG TRANZITO (BJT)
V d 3.22: Mt vi ng dng ca vi mch. S nguyn l 3.38.
R1 RF
U1
S
R2 Q
U2
Rn U0
Un
+ Q
R
a. Mch cng o s dng OP AMP b. FLIP FLOP RS s dng 2 cng NAND
+5V R1
UV +
8. R U0
2. 48
1
3. 73
9. R 4. 55 6
RA
2
5.
5 7.
2
5 RF
R2
6. 1 CO
C
c. Mch dao ng s dng IC 555 d. Mch khuch i khng o s dng OP AMP
HNH 3.38: MT S NG DNG CA VI MCH
Trang 89
4. V s n tuyn
4.1. Khi nim
mch in vn hnh ng nguyn l th phi u dy chnh xc theo s
nguyn l. Cn mun th hin phng n i dy c th th phi dng s u
dy kt hp trn s v tr.
Nh cc v d xt: s ni dy th hin chi tit phng n i dy, cch u
ni cng nh th hin r s dy dn trong tng tuyn... Nhng nhc im ln
nht ca dng s ny l qu rm r, s lng dy dn chim din tch ln
trong bn v (khng cn ch th hin y cc thit b) v s chi tit ny i
khi cng khng cn thit.
n gin ho s ni dy, ngi ta ch dng 1 dy dn biu din mng
in, mch in gi l s n tuyn.
u im ca s ny l s dy dn c gim thiu n mc ti a nhng
vn th hin c nguyn l cng nh phng n i dy ca h thng. Mt khc,
s n tuyn rt thun tin biu din trn s mt bng, s v tr...
Phn ln cc bn v thit k h thng in, mng in, mch in u c
th hin bng s n tuyn kt hp vi s gii thch, minh ha bng vn bn
hoc cc s nguyn l, s ni dy chi tit (nu cn).
4.2. Nguyn tc thc hin
thc hin hon chnh mt mng in, mch in bng s n tuyn, cn
tun th trnh t v cc nguyn tc sau y:
Bc 1: Cn c vo yu cu v cc tiu chun k thut v phc ha s
nguyn l.
Bc 2: Cn c vo mt bng, c im ca qui trnh sn xut xc nh v
tr lp t cc thit b v v s v tr.
Bc 3: Chn phng n i dy v v phc ha s ni dy chi tit. ng
thi xut phng n thi cng.
Bc 4: V s n tuyn theo cc nguyn tc sau:
- Ch dng mt dy dn th hin s .
- S dng cc k in dng trong s mt bng.
- S dy dn cho tng on c th hin bng cc gch xin song song (hoc
con s) t trn tuyn (hnh 3.49). iu ny s thc hin c bng cch kim
tra s dy dn tng on trn s ni dy.
- Lp bng thuyt minh: c th s dng ngn ng hoc cc s nguyn l,
hnh ct, mt ct minh ha nu cn.
5
2 3 5
dy dy dy
HNH 3.39: BIU DIN S DY DN CHO TNG ON
Trang 90
Hnh 3.40 l s n tuyn ca mch in n gin. S ny c th gii
thch nh sau
c c
b b
a a
HNH 3.40a HNH 3.40b
HNH 3.40: MINH HA S N TUYN
Hnh 3.40a:
- on ab c 2 dy ngun vo (pha v trung tnh).
- Bng in t st tng bn phi cnh ca ra vo, gm: 1 cu ch, 1 cng tc
v cm.
- on bc c 2 dy ra n (1 dy ra t cng tc v dy trung tnh).
Hnh 3.40b:
Tng t hnh 3.40a, nhng on bc c n 3 dy ra n. iu ny chng t
mch cn c ph ti pha sau nn pht tuyn phi c thm dy pha ngoi 2 dy
ging nh hnh 3.40a trn.
5. Nguyn tc chuyn i cc dng s
5.1. Nguyn tc chung
Qua kho st cc phn xt, d dng nhn thy:
- S nguyn l l c bn, quan trng nht, n quyt nh tnh ng sai ca
mch in, mng in.
- T s nguyn l kt hp vi mt bng, v tr thit b s c c s ni
dy chi tit.
- n gin ha s ni dy chi tit s l s n tuyn.
Cn c vo cc mi quan h trn, c th a ra nguyn tc chuyn i qua
li gia cc dng s .
Mi quan h ny c tnh thun ngc; p dng cho ngi thit k v ngi
thi cng c th hin qua hnh 3.41.
Trang 91
S MT BNG
S V TR
Chuyn i thun
THIT K
S S S
NGUYN L NI DY N TUYN
Chuyn i ngc
THI CNG
HNH 3.41: NGUYN TC CHUYN I CC DNG S
5.2. D tr vt t
Cng vic ny thng dnh cho ngi thit k. Sau khi tnh ton, so snh
kinh t k thut chn phng n kh thi ti u nht; Ngi thit k s cn c
vo s lp bng d tr vt t cn thit cho cng trnh.
Khi d tr vt t c th tng thm (5 10)% so vi s lng thc t i vi cc
thit b d hng hc hoc trng hp c tnh.
Lp bng k c dng nh sau:
Bng 3.1
STT CH DANH CHNG LOI VT SL N GI THNH TIN GHI CH
Ghi ch:
mc ch danh thit b phi nu r rng cc c tnh k thut c bn, cn thit
c th nu c xut x, ngun gc ca thit b.
V d:
- Cu ch hp 7A (khng ghi l cu ch chung chung).
- Dy in n CADIVI 30/10 (khng ghi l dy in n chung chung)
- CB 1 pha 30A LG (khng ghi l CB 30A hoc CB 1 pha chung chung)
Trang 92
5.3. Vch phng n thi cng
y l cng vic ca ngi thi cng. l tt vic ny, i hi ngi th phi
tun th mt s qui nh sau:
- Nghin cu tht k bn v, kho st cn thn hin trng cng tc.
- Phng n kh thi, thun tin, hp l nht.
- Phng n phi m bo thi cng ng vi tinh thn ca ngi thit k.
- m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b.
- Nn tr tnh cc tnh hung pht sinh, trnh b ng trong qu trnh thc
hin.
5.4. V d tng hp
a. V cc s trong h thng cung cp in
Trong h thng cung cp in, hu ht cc s u c th hin bng s
n tuyn. Trong mt s trng hp cn thit th dng thm s nguyn l. S
ni dy chi tit v s v tr t c dng.
V d 3.23: Trm bin p 22/0,4kV. S n tuyn nh hnh 3.42
3 22kV
FCO
BU
BT
22/0,4kV
V
1CB 2CB 3CB
V V V kWh
kWh kWh
A A A
TI 1 TI 2 TI 3
HNH 3.42: TRM BIN P 22/0,4kV
Trang 93
3 110kV
1DCL 3DCL
1MC 2MC
2DCL 3MC 4DCL
5DCL 6DCL
1DN 2DN
1BT 2BT
110/22kV 110/22kV
7FCO
1FCO 2FCO 3FCO 4FCO 5FCO 6FCO
HNH 3.43: TRM BIN P 22/0,4kV
V d 3.24: Trm bin p 110/22kV, c d phng lin kt. S n tuyn nh

hnh 3.43
V d 3.25: Trm bin p x nghip 22/6/0,4kV. S n tuyn nh hnh 3.44
Trang 94
3 22kV
1DCL
KVAr kWh
1MC
Y 1BT
22/6kV

2MC
3MC 4MC 5MC 6MC
2BT
M1 M2 6/0,4kV Q
1CB 2CB 3CB 4CB
HNH 3.44: TRM BIN P X NGHIP 22/6/0,4kV
Trang 95
V d 3.26: Trm bin p phn phi 110/22/0,4kV. S n tuyn nh hnh
3.45
3 110kV
1CK
1DCL
KVAr kWh
1MC
Y 1BT
110/22kV

3 22kV
2CK 3CK
2MC 3MC 4MC
3 22kV
Q 4BT
2BT 2BT 22/0,4kV
22/0,4kV 22/0,4kV
3 0,4kV 3 0,4kV
4CB 5CB 1CB 2CB 3CB
1CB
M1 M2
HNH 3.45: TRM BIN P PHN PHI 110/22/0,4kV
Trang 96
V d 3.27: Trm bin p phn phi 22/0,4kV theo s mch vng. S n
tuyn nh hnh 3.46
3 22kV
5MC
1MC
5BT
22/0,4kV
1BT
22/0,4kV
3 380V
3 380V
4MC
4BT
22/0,4kV
2MC 3MC 3 380V
2BT 3BT
22/0,4kV 22/0,4kV
3 380V 3 380V
HNH 3.46: TRM BIN P PHN PHI MCH VNG 22/0,4kV
Trang 97
V d 3.28: S cung cp in dng trong gii tch mng. S n tuyn
nh hnh 3.47
BUS1 BUS2
Z12A
1MC 14MC
Z12B
2MC 13MC 15MC
3MC 12MC
Z23
Z14
Z34
4MC 8MC 9MC 11MC
BUS4b BUS4a BUS3

6MC
5MC 7MC 10MC
HNH 3.47: S CUNG CP IN DNG TRONG GII TCH MNG
b. Chuyn i cc dng s in.

V d 3.29: Chuyn cc s ni dy chi tit cc v d 3.1 n 3.7 sang s
n tuyn. S n tuyn nh hnh 3.48 n 3.54
; N
HNH 3.48: S N TUYN TRONG V D 3.1
Trang 98
; N
; N
;
N
HNH 3.51: S N TUYN MCH N CU THANG
Trang 99
;
N
HNH 3.52: S N TUYN MCH N HNH LANG
;
N
HNH 3.53: S N TUYN MCH N NH KHO
;
N
HNH 3.54: S N TUYN MCH N HUNH QUANG V QUT TRN
Trang 100
V d 3.30: Chuyn s n tuyn trong hnh 3.55 sang s ni dy chi tit.

1 3
2
Ch thch:
Bng B1: CB tng, 2CC, 1 cm, 2 cng tc iu khin n 1, 2
Bng B2: 1CC, 1 cm, 1 cng tc iu khin n 3.
B B
1 2
HNH 3.55: S N TUYN MNG IN SINH HOT
V d 3.31: S v tr ca mt cn h nh hnh 3.56. Hy thc hin:

- V s cung cp in cho cn h ;
- Thuyt minh phng n i dy;
- Lp bng d tr vt t. Bit cc kch thc ca cn h l: chiu di: 12m;
chiu rng: 4,8m; chiu cao t la-phng xung nn l 4m; hng ba di 2,5m.
WC
HNH 3.56: S V TR CA MT CN H
V d 3.32: Mt phng hc c kch thc (8x8)m; chiu cao 4m. S v tr nh

hnh 3.57. Hy thc hin:
- V s cung cp in cho cn h .
- Thuyt minh phng n i dy;
- Lp bng d tr vt t.
Trang 101
Ca trc
Gio vin
Bn
Ca sau
HNH 3.57: S V TR CA MT PHNG HC
V d 3.33: Mt phn xng c kch thc (18x10)m; chiu cao 6,5m. S v

tr nh hnh 3.58. Hy thc hin:
- V s cung cp in cho phn xng .
- Thuyt minh phng n i dy.

3 +
N
HNH 3.58: S V TR CA MT PHN XNG
Trang 102
Gii v d 3.30

1 2 3
B
2
B Lp: KHOA IN
1 MNG IN
Tn: SINH HOT T l: 1:1
Ng.v:
S:
KT:
102
Gii v d 3.31
S N TUYN
HNH 3..... MT BNG TRNG HC
2 B5
2 5 B3
2 4
C
3 B2 3 2
2 5
2 3
4 Q1 6
B6 Q3
2 2
4 Q2 WC
3
5
1
B1
2 3 B4 7
3 2
S NGUYN L
KWh

1 2 C Q1
Lp: KHOA IN
6 Q3 7
MNG IN
3 4 Q2 5 Tn: T l: 1:1
SINH HOT
Ng.v:
B3 V B4
B1 V B6 B2 V B5 S:
KT:
Cao ng Ngh k Lk | 103

BNG 3.2
1. Dy in n 30/10 m 50
2. Dy in n 20/10 m 40
3. Dy in i 24 m 100
4. ng dp (10x20) ng 10
5. Bng nha (25x30) v (10x15) Ci 03 + 03
6. Vt 2cm Bc 03
7. Vt 1,5cm v 3,5cm Bc 01 + 01
8. Tc k nha 3mm Bc 10
10. Bng keo in Cun 05
11. n hunh quang 40W, 220V (1,2m) B 04
12. n hunh quang 20W, 220V (0,6m) B 02 5; 7
13. n ng 5W, 220V B 01 4
14. CB 220V, 30A Ci 01 CB tng
15. CB220V, 20A 02
16. Cu ch 250V, 7A Ci 08
17. Cng tc 250V, 7A Ci 07
18. cm nhiu l Ci 03
19. Chung in 220V Ci 01
20. Nt n chung Ci 01
21. Qut trn 220V, 120W + Hp s B 03
104
Gii v d 3.32
S N TUYN
Ca
trc
B4
Gio vin
9 8 7
Bn
3
6 5 3
8
Q4 Q3
4 5 6
1 2 3 Q2 Q1 4 5 6 10
7 8 9 Q4 Q3 7
4 3 2
10
B1 V B3 B2 B4 Q1 Q2
10
6 5 3
15
Thuyt minh: B3 B2 3 2 1
Trc chnh s dng dy n 30/10 (hoc cp M6); ly t B1 2 2
sau CB tng t ti B1. Dy ra n, qut s dng dy i 24
(hoc cp M1.5).
Ca sau
ng dy c i ni trong ng dp (20x30) v (10x20)
trn trn v tng cc v tr tng ng. ng c c nh
bng vt v tc k nha 2cm.
Cc n, qut lp vo trn nh v tr tng ng. TRNG CAO NG NGH K LK
Cc bng iu khin t cao (1,4 1,6)m tnh t nn
nh. Lp: KHOA IN
MNG IN
Vt t cn thit c d tr trong bng 3.3. Tn: T l: 1:1
PHNG HC
Ng.v:
S:
KT:

Bng 3.3
1. Dy in n 30/10 m 70
2. Dy in i 24 m 120
3. ng dp (10x20) ng 10 Nhnh vo cc dy n
4. ng dp (20x30) ng 08 ng ng chnh
5. Bng nha (25x30) v (10x15) Ci 02 + 02
6. Vt 2cm Bc 03
7. Vt 1,5cm v 3,5cm Bc 01 + 01
10. Bng keo in Cun 05
11. n hunh quang 40W, 220V (1,2m) B 18
12. CB 220V, 30A Ci 01 CB tng
13. Cu ch 250V, 7A Ci 14
14. Cng tc 250V, 7A Ci 10
15. cm nhiu l Ci 01 Dng cho thit b nghe nhn
16. Qut trn 220V, 120W + Hp s B 04
106
Gii v d 3.33
S N TUYN
Thuyt minh:
- Ton b h thng c ng ct qua CB 3 3 3
3
tng 3 pha c cng sut ph hp.
- Trc chnh s dng dy ng bc 4 li c tit 6
3
9 8
din ph hp. ng dy c lp ni trn s 3
.
- Nhnh r ra tng ng c c i ngm. S
dng cp ng bc 4 li (tit din ph hp) 5
lun trong ng cch in PVC. 3
7
- Cc ng c c iu khin bng khi
ng t (vi cng sut v s mch thch
hp) lp trong t iu khin, t ti v tr cng
tc.
- Ton b h thng c ni t thng qua h 2 3
thng tip a lin kt theo tiu chun. 4
1 3 3

3 +N 3 3 3
S NGUYN L
CB
1K 2K 3K 4K 5K 6K 7K 8K 9K
Lp: KHOA IN
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 MNG IN
Tn: PHN XNG T l: 1:1
Ng.v:
S:
KT:

HOT NG II: T HC V N TP
- Ti liu tham kho cho bi ny:
L Cng Thnh: GIO TRNH V IN, Trng i hc S phm K thut
TP. HCM - 1998.
TIU CHUN NH NC: K hiu in; K hiu xy dng.
Cc tp ch v in, gii thiu sn phm ca cc nh sn xut trong, ngoi
nc hin c trn th trng.
Trao i nhm v tr li cc cu hi: 3.1 n 3.6.
Gii cc bi tp: 3.7 n 3.20.
CU HI V BI TP
3.1 Nu s khc nhau v mi lin h gia cc dng s dng trong v in?
3.2 Nu tm quan trng v ngha ca s nguyn l?
3.3 Nu tm quan trng v ngha ca s ni dy?
3.4 Nu cc yu cu khi vch mt phng n i dy chi tit cho mt cng trnh
in?
3.5 Nu trnh t v nguyn tc khi chuyn t s ni dy chi tit sang s
n tuyn?
3.6 Phn tch cc yu cu cn thit cho vic c bn v in phc v cng tc thi
cng?
3.7 Mch gm 2 cu ch, 1 cm, 2 cng tc iu khin 3 n si t (c in p
ging nhau v bng vi in p ngun). Hy v s nguyn l, s ni
dy v s n tuyn cho mch in trn.
3.8 Mch chung gi n nhiu ni v t nhiu ni gi n c b tr nh hnh
3.59. Hy hon chnh s nguyn l; v s ni dy v s n tuyn.
1
C
1 1
CC M 2 N
C
2 3
M C
2 3
CC M 4
C
4
M
HNH 3.59: S NGUYN L MCH IU KHIN CHUNG GI

NHIU NI V NH U NI GI N
3.9 Dng s khc ca n cu thang c b tr nh hnh 3.60. Hy hon

chnh s nguyn l; v s ni dy v s n tuyn.
108
N N
1
CC
1
CC
1 2
K K
HNH 3.60: S NGUYN L MCH N CU THANG
3.10 Mch n iu khin 4 ni (n chiu sng hnh lang) c b tr nh hnh

3.61. Hy hon chnh s nguyn l; v s ni dy v s n tuyn.

CC
2K 3K N
1K 4K
HNH 3.61: S NGUYN L MCH N IU KHIN 4 NI
3.11 Mch n sng lun phin v n sng t, sng m c b tr nh hnh

3.62:
2K: bc v 1: n 1 sng; bc v 2: n 2 sng;
4K: bc v a: n 3 v 4 sng m; bc v b: n 4 sng t;
Hy hon chnh s nguyn l; v s ni dy v s n tuyn.
1
N
1
CC
1
2 2
1 2K
K
3 4

a
2
CC 4
3 K
b
K
HNH 3.62: S NGUYN L MCH N SNG LUN PHIN V N SNG T SNG M
3.12 Mch iu khin ng c c b tr nh hnh 3.63 Bit 1 o chiu quay;

2 ch quay 1 chiu. Hy hon chnh s nguyn l v s ni dy.
109
A B C
1 2
HNH 3.63: IU KHIN NG C 3

PHA
3.13 Mch iu khin ng c c b tr nh hnh 3.64 Bit 1 o chiu quay;
2 m my Y . Hy hon chnh s nguyn l v s ni dy.
A B C
1CD
2
2CD
1
HNH 3.64: IU KHIN NG C 3 PHA
3.14 Mch o chiu quay ng c 1 pha (kiu ni tr) c b tr bng cu dao 2

ng c s nguyn l nh hnh 3.65. Hy v s ni dy chi tit.
110
N
1CD
2CD
HNH 3.65: S NGUYN L MCH O CHIU

3.15 Mt cn h c 3 phng; s dng cc thit b sau:

- Phng khch: 1 n hunh quang 1,2m, 1 qut treo tng, 1 chung in
v cc thit b m thanh.
- Phng ng: 1 n hunh quang 1,2m, 1 n ng, 1 qut treo tng, 1 b
my vi tnh bn, 1 bn i in.
- Bp v nh v sinh: 1 n hunh quang 1,2m, 1 n hunh quang 0,6m
(trong toilett) 1 t lnh, ni cm in.
Hy v s cung cp in cho cn h trn v thuyt minh phng n.
3.16 V s nguyn l v s ni dy chi tit cho mch in c s n
tuyn nh hnh 3.66.
; N
HNH 3.66: S N TUYN MCH IN BI TP 3.16

tuyn nh hnh 3.67.
111
;
N

tuyn nh hnh 3.68.
;
N

tuyn nh hnh 3.69.
;
N
3.20 Mt bng ca mt trng hc nh hnh 3.70. Hy v s cung cp in cho

cc khu vc ca trng v thuyt minh phng n i dy.
112
K TC X G1 (4 TNG) K TC X G2 (4 TNG)
NH THI
XNG THC HNH
U TH THAO
F
(2 TNG)
(2 TNG)
XNG THC HNH D

(2 TNG)
XNG THC
HNH E
(2 TNG)
KHU
PHNG
HC
B
(4 TNG)
KHU
PHNG
HC
C
(4 TNG)
KHU HNH CHNH (3 TNG)

KHU PHNG HC A (3 TNG)
380V
HNH 3.70: MT BNG TRNG HC

3
113
6. Gii thiu phn min my tnh h tr thit k mch in AutoCAD

Electrical
1.1. Tnh tin ch ca CAD
CAD l ch vit tt ca cm t ting Anh Computer Aided Desingn. Hin nay
thut ng CAD ngy cng tr nn ph bin trong k thut ni chung v trong in
ni ring. N to ra mt phng php thit k mi cho cc k thut vin.
Trong ting Vit n c ngha l thit k trn my tnh hay cng c th gi l thit
k vi s h tr cu my tnh. Vic thit k trn my vi tnh gip cho bn c th ln
c nhiu phng n trong mt thi gian ngn v sa i bn v mt cc nhanh
chng v d dng hn rt nhiu so vi cch lm th cng. Ngoi ra bn c th tra
hi cc din tch, khong cch...trc tip trn my.
CAD Electrical l mt phn mn thit k trn my vi tnh c nhn c s
dng tng i rng ri trong cc ngnh : Thit k h thng in, nc ,Thit k
kin trc xy dng v trang tr ni tht, Thit k c kh, Thit k h thng chiu
sng cho cc cng trnh vn ho, Thit lp h thng bn .
Cc i hi v cu hnh
CAD Electrical yu cu cn c mi trng h iu hnh l Windows 98;
Windows ME; Windows 2000; Windows XP... vi cu hnh my ti thiu l Pentium
233 (hoc tng ng), 256MB Ram; B hin th Video c phn gii 800600
ch mu ti thiu l 256 mu.
1.2. Giao di n ca AutoCAD Electrical
Sau khi khi ng AutoCAD Electrical s xut hin mn hnh lm vic ca
AutoCAD Electrical . Ton b khung mn hnh nh sau
1.3. Menu v Toolbar ca AutoCAD Electrical

Hu ht cc lnh u c th c chn thng qua Menu hoc Toolbar ca
chng trnh. y l cc phn t mn hnh dng tch cc n gip ta thc hin
c cc lnh ca AutoCAD Electrical m khng nht thit phi nh tn lnh.
114
Nhng cng c ny rt hu ch vi nhng ngi ln u tin lm vic vi
AutoCAD Electrical, tuy nhin vic thc hin lnh thng qua Menu (hoc Toolbar)
cng i hi ngi s dng phi lin tc di chuyn chut n cc hp cng c
hoc chc nng Menu tng ng, do vy thi gian thc hin bn v c th cng
ko di thm i cht. Vi nhng ngi thnh tho AutoCAD Electrical cch
thc hin bn v a s c thng qua dng lnh (vng IV), vi cc cch vit lnh
theo phm tt (cch vit rt gn). Tuy nhin t n trnh cn c thi gian
rn luyn, lm quen vi cc lnh v dn tin ti vic nh tn, nh phm tt ca
lnh .v.v...
1.3.1. Menu Bar
AutoCAD Electrical c danh mc Menu (vng III), cc Menu ny c xp ngay
bn di
dng tiu . l cc Menu dng ko xung (Pull down menu), cc chc nng
Nenu s xut hin y khi la kch chut ln danh mc ca menu .
File Menu
Menu ny m trch ton b cc chc nng lm vic vi File trn a (m File,
ghi File, xut nhp File...). Ngoi ra cn m nhn vic nh dng trang in; khai bo
cc tham s iu khin vic xut cc s liu trn bn v hin ti ra giy hoc ra
File...
115
Menu Edit
Lin quan n cc chc nng chnh sa s liu b nh tm thi (Copy);
dn (Paste) s liu t b nh tm thi ra trang hnh hin ti....
Menu View
Lin quan n cc chc nng th hin mn hnh CAD. Khi phc mn
hnh (Redraw); thu phng hnh (Zoom); y hnh (Pan); To cc Viewport;
Th hin mn hnh dui dng khi (Shade hoc Render) v.v...
Menu Insert
S dng thc hin cc lnh chn. Cc dng s liu c chn vo c th l
cc khi (Block); cc file nh; cc i tng 3D Studio; cc file nh dng Metafile;
cc i tng OLE v.v...
Menu Format
S dng nh dng cho cc i tng v. Cc i tng nh dng c th l
cc lp (Layer); nh dng mu sc (Color); Kiu ng; mnh ca ng;
Kiu ch; Kiu ghi kch thc; Kiu th hin im v.v...
Menu Draw
L danh mc Menu cha hu ht cc lnh v c bn ca CAD. T cc lnh v
ng n cc lnh v mt, v khi; t cc lnh v ng thng, on thng n
cc lnh v phc tp; t cc lnh lm vic vi ng n cc lnh lm vic vi
vn bn (Text), n cc lnh t mu, in mu t, to khi v s dng khi v.v...
116
Menu Dimension
Bao gm cc lnh lin quan n vic ghi v nh dng ng ghi kch thc
trn bn v. Cc kch thc c th c ghi theo dng kch thc thng; kch
thc gc; ng knh, bn knh; ghi dung sai; ghi theo kiu ch gii v.v... Cc
dng ghi kch thc c th c chn la theo cc tiu chun khc nhau, c th
c hiu chnh ph hp vi tiu chun ca tng quc gia; tng b, ngnh...
Menu Modify
L danh mc Menu lin quan n cc lnh hiu chnh i tng v ca CAD.
C th s dng cc chc nng Menu tai y sao chp cc i tng v; xoay
i tng theo mt trc; to ra mt nhm i tng t mt i tng gc (Array);
ly i xng qua trc (Mirror); xn i tng (Trim) hoc ko di i tng
(Extend) theo ch nh ... y cng l danh mc Menu quan trng ca CAD, n
gip ngi s dng c th nhanh chng chnh sa cc i t-ng v, gip cho
cng tc hon thin bn v v nng cao cht lng bn v.
117
Menu components
Dng xut cc linh kin, thit b in c sn, m phng mch
1.4. V in
4.1.1. Tng quan
H thng in bao gm nh my in gm cc my pht v ng c in
lm nhim v pht ra in v t dng-phn phi cho nh my; trm bin p c vai
tr nng cao in p trc khi truyn ti gim tn tht in nng hoc c th
gim in p truyn ti xung mt gi tr no ph hp vi nhu cu s dng
in; ng dy lm nhim v truyn ti in, v cc thit b ng ct bo v h
thng in, cc thit b chiu sng v s dng in khc cng hp thnh h thng
in.
Chng ny s s dng Autocad Electrical vi cc lnh hc chng
trc, kt hp vi th vin thit b in c sn theo tiu chun quc t gip cho
k thut vin hon thnh bn v h thng in mt cch nhanh chng, v hiu qu
nht.
118
1.4.2. Mt s lnh v c bn
V kh c in (cng tc, rle,nt nhn).
T Component menu, chn cc linh kin in, in t
Khi CAD bung ra bng Alert, chn OK.
Xut hin bng Insert component
chn nt nhn
chn cng tc
chn cng tc
chn Rle, cng tc t
chn rle thi gian
chn im ni
chn PLC
chn n chiu sng
chn TB in t
chn tip im cng tc t
chn my bin p, cun dy
chn cm bin
chn ng c
Trong bng Insert component ta c nhiu la chn cc kh c in, CAD khng

i hi ngi s dng phi nhp thng s chnh xc cho thit b nu khng cn
lin kt chy m phng, ngi sdng ch cn Insert loi kh c in mong
mun
V d: Nhp vo bn v mt cng tc t
T bng trn vo. Relays/contacts
Xut hin hp thoi:
119
Trong hp thoi ta ty chn loi contact khi my yu cu nhp s liu cho n

Nu khng nhp my cng t ng xut ra 1 cng tc t khi nhn OK
Ngoi ra c nhiu la chn ngi dng c th xut cc linh kin in, in t,

mch in, t in, bng in
V d 3.35: Xut mch in 3 pha roto lng sc.
120
Chn OK
Hnh 3.75. Mch v d 3.35

1.4.3. Cc lnh khc
- V ng thng
- V cung trn
- V elip
- V mt ct
- Chnh sa hnh v ct hnh, di chuyn, copy....
Cc lnh ny c thc hin nh trong v Autocad
121
7. Ti liu tham kho
- [1] D n Gio dc K thut v Dy ngh, Hng dn m-un trang b in 1
(MG),
- [2] L Cng Thnh, Gio trnh v in, Trng i hc S phm K thut TP.
HCM - 1998.
- [3] Tiu chun nh nc: K hiu in; K hiu xy dng.
- [4] Cc tp ch v in, gii thiu sn phm ca cc nh sn xut trong, ngoi
nc hin c trn th trng.
122

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TRNG CAO NG NGH K LK

Bi m u: KHI QUT V V IN ............................................................... 3

Bi 1: CC TIU CHUN CA BN V IN ................................................. 10

BI 2: V CC K HIU QUI C DNG TRONG BN V IN ............... 13

HNH 1.2: QUAN H CC KH GIY

HINH 1.3: V TR KHUNG TN TRONG BN V

b. Thnh phn v kch thc khung tn

TRNG CAO NG NGH K LK

HNH 1.4: NI DUNG V KCH THC KHUNG TN DNG

TRNG CAO NG NGH K LK

HNH 1.5: NI DUNG V KCH THC KHUNG TN DNG CHO

2.4. Ch vit trong bn v in

QUI TC V : Khi hai nt v trng nhau, th t u tin :

HNH 1.6: S IN TH HIN THEO TIU CHUN VIT NAM

1.2. Tiu chun Quc t (IEC)

HNH 1.7: S IN TH HIN THEO TIU CHUN QUC T

Hnh 1.8: Mch iu khin ng c rto lng sc qua 2 cp tc kiu

13. Cu thang 3 cnh

Phng tm ring tng

18. Phng tm hoa sen

2. V cc k hiu in trong s in chiu sng

STT Tn gi K hiu Ghi ch

1. Dng in 1 chiu DC;

11. Ni v my, ni mass

12. Dy ni hnh sao

Dy qun 6 pha ni thnh

2.2. Cc loi n in v thit b dng in

7. Qut trn, qut treo tng

10. n nung sng c chp

n chiu su c chp trng

12. n c bng trng gng

13. $n thy ngn c p lc cao

15. n chng n khng chp

16. n chng n c chp

17. n chng ha cht n mn

22. n chm hunh quang

2.3. Cc loi thit b ng ct, bo v

7. Cng tc xoay 4 cc:

12. Aptomat 3 pha

15. Hp s qut trn

16. Bng, t iu khin

17. Bng phn phi in

T phn phi (ng

Bng chiu sng lm

Bng chiu sng s

2.4. Cc loi thit b o lng

3. V cc k hiu in trong s in cng nghip

1. My bin p cch ly 1 pha

Bin p t ngu hai dy

My bin p Y/Y 3 pha 1 Y Y

My bin p Y/Y 3 pha 1

My bin p Y/Y 3 pha t

Cun cm, cun khng

Cun cm, cun khng c

12. Cun cm c li ferit

Cun cm, cun khng

3.2. Cc loi thit b ng ct, iu khin

Cun dy rle, cng tc

b. Cun dy rle dng. I

e. Cun dy rle km p. U<

Rle, cng tc t, khi

5. Cun dy rle so lch

Cun dy rle khng, lm