I HC LT

KHOA MI TRNG

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG

CH : NH GI TC NG MI TRNG XY DNG NH MY
XI MNG

GVHD: NGUYN NGC ANH

NHM SVTH: MSSV

V MNH TNH 0712626

MNG TU HO 0712575

NGUYN THI THU 0713882

NGUYN TH HU 0713587

NGUYN TH NG 0712199

TNG TH NH MINH 0713593

NGUYN TRNG CNG 0712562

NGUYN TH THY TRANG 0713606

 MC LC
M u
1.Xut x d n
Chng I: M T TM TT D N
1.1. Tn d n
1.2. Ch d n
1.3. V tr a l ca d n
1.4. Ni dung ca d n
1.5. Cng ngh sn xut
1.6. Cc phng php nh gi
Chng II IU KIN T NHIN MI TRNG KINH T - X HI
2.1.iu kin t nhin v mi trng
2.1.1. V tr a l
2.1.2.c im a hnh
2.1.3. c im kh hu
2.2.iu kin kinh t- x hi
2.2.1.C cu hnh chnh v dn s hin nay
2.2.2.Tnh hnh kinh t- vn ha- x hi
2.3 Ti nguyn thin nhin
2.4 C s h tng dch v
2.5 x l mi trng nn
CHNG III: HIN TRNG MI TRNG - KHU VC CNG TY XI MNG H
TIN
I) Hin trng mi trng vt l
1) a hnh v th nhng:
2) Kh hu
3) Ch triu:
4) Hin trng mi trng khng kh
5) Hin trng cht lng nc

II) Ti nguyn sinh vt

1)H sinh thi cn vng d n
2)Sinh vt y
III) Cc vn kinh t x hi khu vc Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2:
1)Dn s lao ng
2) Hot ng kinh t
3) Kt lun chung v kinh t - x hi th trn Kin Lng
4) kin ca nhn dn trong vng v Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2
 CHNG IV
NH GI TC NG TI MI TRNG CUA NH MY XI MNG H TIN2
4.1 Ngun gy tc ng:
4.1.1/ Cc tc ng:
4.1.2 Tiu chun mi trng p dng cho hot ng ca Cng ty
4.2 i tng v quy m b tc ng:
Cc bng thng tin lin quan
CHNG V
CC BIN PHP HN CH TC NG TIU CC MI TRNG CHNG
TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG CUA NH MY XI MNG H
TIN 2
I.) Cc bin php hn ch tc ng tiu cc ti mi trng
1. nh hng quy hoch th trn Kin Lng
2. Quy hoch k thut
3. Thot nc thi
4. Quy hoch cp nc
5. Lut mi trng v chuyn giao cng ngh
II.) Cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng
2.1. Cc bin php khng ch nhim do hot ng ca d n
2.1.1. phng php kim sot nhim
2.2.2. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim ngun nc
2.2.3. Cc gii php khc nhm gim thiu nhim v lm p cnh quan mi trng
nh my xi mng
2.2.4. Gii php gim thiu cc tc ng kinh t - x hi

Chng VI: Tham Vn Kin Cng ng:

1. D n tc ng n kinh t - x hi:
2. D n xy dng nh my bia tc ng n y t, sc khe, gio dc, vn ha,
di tch lch s:
3. D n xy dng nh my bia tc ng ti i sng, vic lm v thu nhp ca
nhn dn:
4. D n xy dng nh my bia tc ng ti v sinh mi trng ca cng ng:

KT LUN CHUNG
 BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG CA NH MY XI
MNG H TIN 2

M U

Xut x ca d n
Cng vi nhp pht trin kinh t c mc tng trng nhanh, nhu cu xy
dng ni chung, xy dng cc trung tm th ln, cc h tng c s k thut, h
thng ng x... cng ngy cng tr nn cp thit. Quyt nh s 108/2005/Q-
TTg ngy 16/5/2005 ca Chnh ph ph duyt quy hoch pht trin ngnh xi mng
n nm 2010 v nh hng n nm 2020.Nhm p ng nhu cu nu trn, chc
chn trong thi gian ti hot ng sn xut xi mng s ngy cng pht trin mnh
c v chiu su v chiu rng. Hot ng sn xut ny s em li hiu qu kinh t
cao, song cng l loi hnh cng nghip c nhiu tim nng gy nhim, suy thoi
mi trng.

Theo quy nh ti iu 18 Lut Bo v Mi trng ca Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam

s 52/2005/QH11 ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005, cc d n sn xut xi mng phi
thc hin lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM) trnh np C quan
qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng thm nh (S ti nguyn mi trng )

Ngun d liu ti liu tham kho

Lut Bo v Mi trng ca Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11 ngy 29

thng 11 nm 2005

TCVN 2005 v QCVN 2009

Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 8 thng 12 nm 2008 B Ti Nguyn Mi

Trng

Ngh nh 80/2006

Bo co M t hin trng Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 do Cng ty Xi mng H

Tin 2 cung cp thng 9.1996, b sung 2009
Bo co Kho st, xy dng danh mc v nh gi tc ng mi trng cc
ngun nhim chnh ti khu cng nghip Kin Lng - Ba Hn - Hn Chng v
th x Rch Gi tnh Kin Giang do EPC thc hin 3.1996.

Cc sch, hng dn v k thut TM ca Ngn hng Th gii (WB), Ngn hng

pht trin Chu (ADB), Chng trnh Mi trng ca Lin Hp Quc (UNEP)
v y ban Kinh t Vn ha X hi Chu Thi Bnh Dng (ESCAP).

Hng dn v quan trc mi trng ca H thng quan trc mi trng Ton cu

(GEMS), 1987.

Hng dn v phng php nh gi nhanh v nhim mi trng do t chc Y

T Th Gii (WHO), pht hnh nm 1993

CHNG 1 : M T TM TT D N

1.1. Tn d n
Cng ty xi mng H Tin 2 cng sut 1400.000 tn / nm

S nhn cng: 200 ngi

lm TM t nm thnh lp 1989. Nay lm li TM b sung nm 2009

1.2. Ch d n:
Cng ty CP Xi Mng H Tin 2 l mt doanh nghip nh nc (trc thuc
Tng Cng ty CN xi mng Vit nam ) c tr s chnh t ti Th trn Kin
Lng, Huyn Kin Lng, Tnh Kin Giang.

1.3. V tr a l ca d n:
Cng ty xi mng H Tin 2 thu c th trn Kin Lng- huy n H Tin- tnh
Kin Giang. Cng ty nm doc theo quc l 80 cch th x Rch Ga- Kin
Giang 60 km v hng ng Nam, cch bin gii Campuchia v pha Bc
khong chng 30 km. Di n tch ton cng ty l 9686600 m2, trong di n tch
sn xut l 345947 m2.
1.4. Ni dung ch yu ca d n
1) Quy m nh my
2) Nng lc sn xut hin ti 2009

Sn xut clinker

1) Phng php t cng sut 240000 tn/ nm, my mc tng i

c (1989)
 2) Phng php kh cng sut 900000 tn / nm, my mc c tui tho
n 2025

3) Sn xut xi mng c cng sut 1400000 tn / nm

1.5. Cng ngh sn xut

1) S sn xut ca nh my:

2) Cc hng mc cng trnh v khi lng xy lp

H thng nh xng chnh.

Cc cng trnh ph tr.

Khi lng cc cng trnh thi cng.

3) Nhu cu v nng lng, nhin liu, nc phc v sn xut

Nhu cu v nng lng v phng thc cung cp,

Nhu cu v nhin liu v phng thc cung cp,

Nhu cu cp nc (sn xut, sinh hot) v phng thc cung cp.

Nhu cu v phng thc cung cp nguyn liu

Nhu cu v vi v phng thc cung cp,

Nhu cu v st v phng thc cung cp,

Nhu cu v cc loi nguyn liu ph khc v phng thc cung cp.

4) Phng thc vn chuyn, phn phi thnh phm

Phng thc vn chuyn, phn phi xi mng bng ng b, ng thu (nu c),

Phng thc vn chuyn phn phi clinke (nu c).

5) Tin thc hin d n

Nu lch trnh thc hin cc hng mc cng trnh ca d n t giai on chun b

n giai on hon thnh a cng trnh vo hot ng

1.6. Cc phng php nh gi tc ng mi trng

i vi cc d n Nh my xi mng, vic nh gi tc ng mi trng thng

c tin hnh bng nhng phng php sau y:

1) Phng php lit k (Checklists)

2) Phng php ma trn (Matrices)
3) Phng php mng li (Networks)
4) Phng php so snh.
5) Phng php chuyn gia.
6) Phng php nh gi nhanh.
7) Phng php nghin cu, kho st thc a.
8) Phng php m hnh ho.
9) Phng php phn tch chi ph, li ch.

CHNG II
IU KIN T NHIN , MI TRNG V KINH T X HI

Bng2.1: Cc thng s mi trng v ti nguyn cn kho st khi nh gi mi

trng nn i vi d n nh my Xi mng
TT Mi trng v Thng s Phng php kho
ti nguyn st v quan trc

(1) (2) (3) (4)

I. iu kin t nhin

1.1 V tr a l a danh, to v a l ca khu Ti liu d n hoc

vc thc hin d n. V tr hnh atlat quc gia
chnh v giao thng

1.2 c im a M t nhng c im a hnh Ti liu d n hoc

hnh, a mo ca khu vc d n mt cch chi a l, a cht khu
tit (ni, i, ng bng...) vc

1.3 c im kh - Nhit Ti liu ca cc trm

hu, kh tng, kh tng thu vn
- Lng ma, m
thu vn khu vc v quan trc
- Ch gi ti hin trng

- Cc hin tng thi tit bt

thng

II. c im kinh t - x hi

2.1 Dn c - Ch n tnh hnh dn c kim Theo s liu thng k

lao ng sng trong nhng khu vc thc ca a phng v ti
hin d n v chu tc ng ca liu iu tra, phng
d n vn khi kho st

2.2 Kinh t Vic pht trin d n trong mi

lin quan n Quy hoch pht
trin kinh t ca vng, tnh

2.3 Tnh hnh x - Y t v sc kho cng ng Nh 2.2

hi
- Bnh ng h hp, c bit
silicos

- Mng li v tnh hnh gio dc

dn tr

- Vic lm v tht nghip

2.4 Vn ho lch s - Cc cng trnh vn ho, lch s,
du lch c gi tr trong khu vc
thc hin d n hoc nhng khu
vc ln cn chu tc ng ca d
n.

- Thun phong m tc v phong

tc tp qun ca dn a phng
c th c nh hng n vic thc
hin d n

III. Ti nguyn thin nhin

3.1 Ti nguyn t - Tng din tch t t nhin v Nh 2.2

cht lng

- Hin trng s dng t (nng

nghip, lm nghip, chuyn dng,
t , s dng khc, t cha s
dng)

3.2 Ti nguyn - c im h thng thu vn mt Thu thp thng tin, t

nc mt trong khu vc (sng, h, knh liu iu tra c bn
mng) ca khu vc v kho
st, iu tra b sung
- Hin trng s dng ti nguyn
nc mt trong khu vc

3.3 Ti nguyn - c im a cht thu vn khu Nh 3.2

nc ngm (v vc (tng cha nc, tr lng,
nc khong) cht lng nc ngm).

- Hin trng khai thc v s dng.

3.4 Ti nguyn Cc s liu v thm thc vt v h Nh 3.2

ng thc vt ng vt trong khu vc thc hin
d n. Cn c bit ch n
nhng chng loi c th ca khu
vc hoc c trong sch

IV. H tng c s v dch v

4.1 Giao thng - c im ca cc tuyn ng Ti liu ca c quan
giao thng (thu, b) c lin quan chc nng v qun l
n hot ng vn chuyn ca d hnh chnh a
n phng

- Tai nn, s c giao thng

4.2 Dch v, Hin trng v kh nng cung cp

thng mi dch v, thng mi

V. Hin trng mi trng vt l

5.1 Cht lng t - Hm lng cht hu c - Phng php chun

Mohr sau khi oxy
- Nit tng s
ho mu bng kali
- Phtpho tng s Bicromat

- pH - Phng php
Kjendahn
- Cc kim loi nng
- Phng php trc
quang

- My o pH

- Quang ph hp th
nguyn t

5.2 Cht lng - Nhit - Nhit k

nc mt, nc
- pH - My o pH in cc
ngm
thu tinh
- Hm lng cn l lng
- Loc, sy 1050C
- c
- My o c
- Tng khong ho
- My o khong
- Oxy ho tan (DO)
- Winhle hoc in
- Nhu cu oxy sinh ho (BOD5)
cc oxy
- Mt s kim loi nng c ngun
- Oxy tiu th sau 5
gc t vi, st
 - Hm lng du, m ngy nhit 200C

- Tng s Coliform - Quang ph hp th

nguyn t

- Sc k kh

- Loc qua mng v

nui cy 430C

5.3 Cht lng - CO - Phng php sc k

. khng kh kh theo hay phng
- SO2
php th Folin-
- NOx Ciocalteur

- H2S - Phng php

Tetracloromercurat
- Bi l lng tng s (TSP) (TCM/pararosanilin)
- Bi l lng c ng knh di - Phng php Griss-
10 m mm Saltman

- Phng php o
khi lng

- My o PM10

5.4 Ting n - L50 - My o mc n

tng ng tch
phn.
- L eq
- nt -
- Lmax
- nt -

5.5 Chn ng - Gia tc - My o chn ng

- Vn tc - nt -

- Tn s - nt -

2.2. X l ti liu mi trng nn

S liu mi trng nn sau khi c thu thp cn phi c x l v th hin
trong bo co TM mt cch r rng, n gin vi mc cng nh lng cng
tt. Di y l mt vi hng dn c th tham kho trong khi thc hin xc
nh cht lng ca tng thnh phn mi trng.

2.2.1. Mi trng t

Mi trng t ca khu vc thc hin d n c nh gi da vo cc s liu

iu tra v hin trng s dng t cho cc mc ch pht trin kinh t Cc s liu
cn c th hin mt cch nh lng v c th lp thnh bng nh di y.

2.2.2. Mi trng nc

i vi D n Nh my xi mng, vic nh gi cht lng mi trng nc ni

chung, nc mt v nc ngm ni ring cn c vo kt qu o c v phn tch
mu nc ti cc im ly mu theo cc ch tiu nu

2.2.3. Mi trng khng kh

Hot ng ca d n c nhiu tim nng gy nhim mi trng khng kh c

bit l bi, kh c. Do vy cc s liu kho st, o c cn phi c la chon sao
cho phn nh c mt cch chnh xc v trung thc nht v cht lng mi
trng khng kh khu vc thc hin d n v khu vc ln cn (chu nhng tc
ng trc tip hay gin tip ca d n).

2.2.4. Ting n

nh gi mc n nn, phi tin hnh la chon a im sao cho tht thch hp

c th xc nh nhng ngun gy ra ting n hin c trong khu vc ng thi
nh gi c kh nng lan truyn m thanh. thun li cho vic theo di, gim
st, v tr cc im o c cht lng mi trng khng kh ni chung, ting n
ni ring phi c th hin trn mt bn t l thch hp.

2.2.5. Hin trng cc iu kin kinh t - x hi

Cc iu kin kinh t - x hi ti khu vc thc hin D n v ln cn s chu

nhng nh hng trc tip, gin tip nht nh, v vy vic kho st v nh gi
hin trng cc iu kin kinh t x hi ca khu vc l mt vn rt cn thit.
 CHNG III:

HIN TRNG MI TRNG

KHU VC CNG TY XI MNG H TIN

I) Hin trng mi trng vt l

1) a hnh v th nhng:

Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 nm trong vng ranh gii ca 2 tiu vng sinh
thi l: vng ni st v vng ng lt na h.

Ni st l cc ni vi tn cng ca dy ni Con Voi chy t Campuchia.

y l cc ni vi c cao 150 - 200 m nm ri rc trong vng ng bng
trng v ra n tn ngoi bin .

Vng ng lt na h l vng bng phng c a hnh tng i thp

(thng < 1,0 m so vi mc nc bin) v bng phng. V ma l chu ngp nng
(di 1,0 m) ngn hn (thng di 3 thng). Do st bin v a hnh thp xm
nhp mn tr thnh vn nghim trong.

iu kin th nhng c nhiu khc nghit, a s l t phn. Vo ma

kh, t ti khu vc Cng ty b xm nhp mn. Cc nhm t chnh l : t mn
nhiu - phn tim tng nng v t mn nhiu - phn hot ng trung bnh bo
ha nc trn 9 thng

Khu vc Kin Lng - Ba Hn - Hn Chng c nhiu ni vi v c tr

lng phosphorite, dolomite ln nht pha Nam. Tr lng vi l
284.390.285 Tn. Tr lng phosphorite l 827.702 Tn. Tr lng dolomite l
4.200.000 Tn. Hin nay trong khu vc c nhiu c s sn xut xi mng v vt
liu xy dng qui m ln.

2) Kh hu
a) Nhit khng kh

Ti Rch Gi nhit trung bnh nhiu nm l 28 0C. Thng nng nht l

thng 4 vi nhit trung bnh l 300C. Thng lnh nht l thng 1 vi nhit
trung bnh l 25,5 oC. Nhit cao nht o c l 37,2 0C (thng 4 -2007). Nhit
thp nht o c l 19 oC (thng 1- 2005).

Ti Ph Quc nhit trung bnh nhiu nm l 27,2oC. Thng nng nht l

thng 4 vi nhit trung bnh l 28,7oC. Thng lnh nht l thng 12 vi nhit
trung bnh l 25,8oC. Nhit cao nht o c l 32,5 oC (thng 4 - 2007).
Nhit thp nht o c l 14,7oC (thng 1 - 2005).

b) m khng kh

Ti Rch Gi m tuyt i nhiu nm l 29,6 mb. m tuyt i cao

nht l 36,8 mb (thng 5 - 2000). m tuyt i thp nht l 17,2 mb (thng 1 -
2000). m tng i trung bnh nhiu nm l 81,8%. m tng i cao nht
l 100% (thng 9 - 2000) m tng i thp nht l 39% (thng 1 - 2000).

c) p sut kh quyn

Ti Rch Gi p sut kh quyn trung bnh nhiu nm l 1009 mb. Thng

10 c p sut trung bnh cao nht (1.012 mb) v thng 5 c p sut trung bnh thp
nht (1006,9 mb). p sut cao nht o c l 1018 mb (thng 1 - 2005). p sut
thp nht o c 1003 mb (thng 5 - 2002).

d) Ma

- Ti Rch Ga

Ma ma ko di t thng 5 ti thng 11. Ma kh ko di t thng 12 n thng

4 nm sau. Lng ma trung bnh nhiu nm khong 2.016 mm/nm. Thng 8 l
thng ma nhiu nht vi lng ma 310 mm. Thng ging l thng ma t nht
vi 6,5 mm. Lng ma trong ma ma chim trn 90% lng ma trong nm.
S ngy c ma trung bnh trong nm l 178,6 ngy, trong ma ma chim
khong 159,3 ngy. Thng 8 c s ngy ma nhiu nht vi 26,2 ngy. Thng 2 c
s ngy ma t nht vi 1,0 ngy

Ti H Tin

Ch ma tng t nh ti Rch Gi. Lng ma trung bnh nhiu nm

l 2.031 mm/nm.
e) bc hi

- Ti H Tin bc hi trung bnh nm l 1109,3 mm, cao nht l thng 9 (122,9

mm) v thp nht l thng 9,10 (72 mm). bc hi ti Rch Gi cao hn mt t ,
trung bnh nm 1167,9 mm, cao nht vo thng 3 (128,4 mm), thp nht vo thng
10 (91,6 mm).

f) Sng m v tm nhn

- Sng m : Ti Rch Gi: S ngy c sng m trung bnh nm l 0,8 ngy.

Nm 1989 c 3 ngy sng m. Cc ngy c sng m ch xut hin trong thng
12 v thng 1.

- Tm nhn xa: S ngy trung bnh c tm nhn xa nh hn 5 km l 7,6 ngy/nm.

T thng 1 ti thng 3 u c tm nhn xa hn 5 km.

g) Ch gi

C hai ma chnh l ma gi Ty - Nam v ma gi ng - Bc.

Ti trm kh tng quc gia Rch Gi, t thng 6 ti thng 9 hng gi ch

yu l hng Ty Nam v hng Ty vi tn sut thay i nh sau :

- Hng Ty Nam : t 26,95% (thng 6) ti 33,07% (thng 8).

- Hng Ty : t 35,17% (thng 7) ti 41,47% (thng 9).

Tc gi theo cc hng trn thay i trong khong 4 m/s n 8,9 m/s.

Gi vi vn tc t 9 m/s n 14,9 m/s xut hin 73/83 ln trong 5 nm. Gi vi
vn tc ln hn 16 m/s ch xut hin mt ln vo ngy 7/9/1989. T thng 11 n
thng 3 nm sau hng gi ch yu l ng Bc v hng ng. Tuy nhin gi
ng Nam cng xut hin vi tn sut tng i ln trong thng 1 v thng 2. Tn
sut ca cc hng gi nh sau :

Hng ng Bc : t 2,53% (thng 3) n 33,33% (thng 11)

Hng ng : t 9,67% (thng 11) n 33,71% (thng 1)

Hng ng Nam : t 3,00% (thng 11) n 33,38% (thng 3)

Vn tc trung bnh trong thi gian ny thay i t 0,1 m/s n 3,9 m/s. Vn
tc cc i o c hai ln vi vn tc trong khong 9 - 14 m/s. T thng 4 n
thng 5 hng gi thay i t ng Bc ti Ty Nam. Trong thng 10 hng gi
thay i t Ty Nam ti ng Bc.

Ngoi ra ti ngay vng nh my thng c go t bin thi vo v go

khng nh hng thng xuyn.

h) Bo: Khu vc kho st t b nh hng trc tip ca bo. Theo kt qu quan trc
trong thi gian 39 nm, ti y trung bnh 10 nm mi c 1 cn bo.

3) Ch triu:

Knh Ba Hn thng ra bin v chu nh hng hon ton ca thy vn bin

Vnh Thi Lan. Ch triu Vnh Thi Lan khc hn Bin ng vng BSCL.
Vnh Thi Lan tng i kn. Ti y nht triu (mt ln triu trong ngy) l ch
o. Bin triu thp (0.5 - 1.5 m so vi 2.0 - 3.5 m bin ng). Do vy vic
gy xi mn bin v xm nhp mn vo t lin t hn so vi vng bin ng
BSCL.

Ngoi Vnh, nhit nc bin m p hu nh quanh nm, mc giao ng

thng t 26oC n 31oC trn b mt v 27oC - 30oC su 30 m. mn
nc Vnh (vng bin Vit Nam) dao ng trong khong 28 - 34 ppt ( b mt) v
32.6 - 33.0 ppt vng su 30m. V ma l BSCL (thng 7 - 10) mn
trong vnh gim cht t.

Theo di trn knh cho thy nh hng triu gy nn hin tng xm nhp
mn. Vo ma nc (thng ma ma) nc trong knh khu vc nh my ngot.
Vo ma kh nc l.

Tt c cc iu kin mi trng vt l trn to ra phong ph v s loi

v sinh khi ln ca cc loi thy sinh trong Vnh nhng trong knh vic khai thc
thy sn khng c t thnh mt nht l i vi th trn Kin Lng.

4) Hin trng mi trng khng kh theo QCVN 19 -2009

Trong thng 12- 1995, khu vc xung quanh Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2
b nhim khng kh do bi, nng bi trong khng kh xung quanh cao hn
tiu chun (TCVN 5937 - 1995) cho php (0,38 - 0,73 mg/m3). Cc cht nhim
c ngun gc t vic t nhin liu ha thch (SO2 v NO2) thp hn tiu chun
khong 4 ln v 15 ln (SO2: 0,056 - 0,14 mg/m3; NO2: 0,018 - 0,027 mg/m3).
Khu vc xa Cng ty hn (Ba Hn - Hn Chng) khng kh cn sch, t tiu
chun khng kh cho khu dn c. C th ni, nguyn nhn chnh gy nhim
khng kh l hot ng ca ngnh CN xi mng trong phn chnh l Cng ty xi
mng v giao thng vn ti.

Nng bi ti cc im o trong v ngoi khu vc Cng ty u cao hn tiu

chun cho php i vi tiu chun khng kh bao quanh. Cc im o ngoi khu
vc sn xut c nng bi vt tiu chun khng kh bao quanh t 2 n 3 ln.
Cc im o trong khu vc sn xut u rt cao. Nng bi cao nht ti kho
cha clinker ca dy chuyn t (180,5 mg/m3) v bn xut clinker c o
cui hng gi, vo thi im xut clinker ri xung x lan (176,8 mg/m3) sau
l khu vc ng bao (85 mg/m3) ri n khu vc cp clinker t dy chuyn sn
xut theo phng php kh xung bng ti (68 mg/m3) v khu vc rt xi mng
bao xung xe ti (48 mg/m3).

Nng SO2 v NO2 ti cc im c o u thp, t tiu chun cho php i

vi khng kh bao quanh.

- Ting n trong khu vc ci p , khu vc my nghin bi, my nn kh cao hn

tiu chun. Khu vc ci p c ting n cao nht (115 - 117 dB) nhng do xy
dng st chn ni, cch kh xa cc khu vc hot ng khc nn ting n ch nh
hng trong phm vi hp. Ting n ngoi cng bo v v khu vc hnh chnh
thp, t tiu chun cho php.

Trong bn thng s nhim bi, SO2, ting n tin hnh o kim tra ch c
nng SO2 v NO2 l t tiu chun ca mi trng. Ring nng NOx trong
xng hn cao do nh hng ca khi hn qun trong xng. Cht lng khng
kh trong v ngoi khu vc Cng ty xi mng H Tin 2 hin nay b nhim ch
yu do bi v ting n. Nguyn nhn chnh l cha kim sot c lng bi thi
ra t cc ngun khc nhau trong qu trnh sn xut. Vic xc nh ngun gc v
c trng cc ngun nhim t ra cc phng n x l gim thiu
nhim l mt trong nhng ni dung c bn ca bo co nh gi tc ng mi
trng ny.

5) Hin trng cht lng nc

Cht lng nc mt

Kt qu phn tch mu nc kinh Ba Hn cho thy: nhn chung nc knh

trong vng d n hin b nhim nh do cht hu c, ring khu vc bn xut nhp
ca nh my COD ln ti 41 mg/l. Tuy nhin nc b nhim phn kh nng (pH
thp 3,3 - 3,6, SO42- kh cao 20 - 70 mg/l). Vo thi im kho st
(thng10.2006) nc ngot, mn khong 0,38 ppt - 0,42 ppt. Vo ma kh ti
y c hin tng xm nhp mn, nc b l nn khng th s dng cp nc sinh
hot. Hot ng bc d v giao thng thy gy nhim nc v du m trn
knh. Ch tiu vi sinh kh cao (46000 MNP/100 ml) bn bc d cho thy s hin
din ca sinh hot tp trung ti bn. y cng chnh l mt trong nhng nguyn
nhn lm cho xy ha tan trong nc kh thp (4,4 - 4,6 mg/l).

Cht lng nc ngm

Khu vc Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 khng c ngun nc ngm t tiu

chun cp nc. Nc ngm y khan him v phn ln b nhim phn, mn.
Ti khu vc Kin Lng nc ngm trong tng vi su 100 m c th t
lu lng ti 5 m3/h. Nc c kim cao, pH = 8,2, hm lng bicacbonat ln
ti 356 mg/l, hm lng Cl- khong 265 mg/l. tng su hn nc thng b
nhim mn.

Cht lng nc cung cp cho Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2

Hin nay Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 s dng ngun nc cp t h

2.000.000 m3 trong khu vc Cng ty. Vo ma ma nc ngot t u ngun
v, nc c bm t knh vo h. Khi ma kh n, nc knh Ba Hn ti khu
vc b nhim mn, nc cp c ly t ngun nc d tr trong h. Lu lng
nc c khai thc khong 3500 m3/ngy. Da trn kt qu phn tch, cht lng
nc h sau khi x l dng cp nc cho Cng Ty tha mn yu cu v ha l
cht lng ngun nc sinh hot. Tuy nhin m bo v ch tiu vi sinh Cng
ty cn c thm bin php kh trng trc khi s dn

II) Ti nguyn sinh vt

1) H sinh thi cn vng d n

Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 toa lc trong mt khun vin 9.686.600 m2.

Pha Nam ca Cng ty l knh Ba Hn, lin l Tnh l Rch Gi - H Tin. Pha
ng ca Cng ty l bn cng (ca Cng ty) v khu dn c. Cc pha Bc v Ty
l vng t ngp nc (wetland) ko di n bin. Vng t ngp nc ny hin
cn h sinh thi t nhin cha c chuyn thnh t nng nghip do t phn,
nc phn (v ma ma) v nc mn (v ma kh).

Ph thuc vo a hnh, cht lng t v mn, thm thc vt vng t

ngp nc ven Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 c xc nh nh sau:
 - Vng nc c mn < 5 (cch Cng ty 1 km v pha Ty) cy ch
o l da v 1 s cy bi.

- Vng nc c mn 5 - 10 (cch Cng ty 1 - 3 km v pha Ty): ch

yu l da nc (Nipa fruticans) v 1 s loi cy bi hoang di.

- Vng ni vi: ven v trn cc ni vi (Ni Cm, Ni Nai, ni

Tru ...) ch c mt s loi cy bi hoang di moc tha tht.

- Vng ven bin ca knh Ba Hn:

Ti vng ny cn di rng ngp mn tha, cc loi cy u th l c

(Rhizophora), nt (Ceriops), vt (Bruguiera).

Nhn chung h sinh thi t ngp nc v ni vi ven Cng ty Xi mng

H Tin 2 b xm phm. Trn din tch ny hu nh khng cn rng nguyn
sinh m b din th, to iu kin pht trin cc loi cy bi l ch yu.

Qua nghin cu t 2005 n nay Trung tm Bo v Mi trng v Phn

vin Sinh thi v Ti nguyn Sinh vt xc nh c ti vng Kin Lng - Ba
Hn 211 loi thc vt thuc 60 ho c trng cho c 4 h sinh thi: ngp mn, ng
ngp ni a, ni vi v h sinh thi nng nghip.

Trong vng ven Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 khng pht hin cc loi ng
vt hoang d qu him, ti mt s ni vi Cy Xoi v Bi Voi Ln thuc Cng
ty xi mng Sao Mai c mt s by kh. Cc loi ng vt hoang d Kin Lng
pht hin vi s lng cn phong ph l: cc loi b st (rn, ra, tc k ...);
cc loi lng th (ch, nhi) v nhiu loi cn trng.

2) Sinh vt y

Kt qu phn tch mu sinh vt y ti 3 trm vng ny nh sau:

- Trm 1: khng c mu sinh vt y.

- Trm 2: ch c Giun nhiu t thuc ho Maldanidae, khi lng l 0,60

g/m2 v mt 40 con/m2.

- Trm 3: cng ch thu c Giun nhiu t (ho Maldanidae), khi lng 0,1
g/m2 v mt 20 con/m2.

Ngoi Giun ra, cha pht hin c mt loi sinh vt y no khc ti vng ny.
 Sinh vt y trong khu vc ngho nn. Cht y ti cc trm thu mu l bn
st vn cc, khng thch hp cho sinh vt y sinh sng. Nguyn liu ri vi v
cc cht thi ca Nh my xi mng y l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn lm
cho y ca knh khng ph hp cho sinh vt y.

3) ng vt ph du

ng vt ph du c thnh phn loi phong ph, s lng nhiu, chng l

thc n ca nhiu loi c v hi sn c gi tr kinh t, chng l khu c bn trong
chui thc n ca thy vc. Sinh vt lng ng vt ph du tng hay gim u
nh hng trc tip hay gin tip n s bin ng ngun li ngh c v ngnh
nui trng thy sn.

III) Cc vn kinh t x hi khu vc Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2:

1) Dn s lao ng

Th trn c 16.110 ngi (k c lc lng cng nhn cc x nghip ng

trong Th trn), trong s n 8764 ngi chim 54,4 %. S lao ng (trn 15
tui) l 7833 ngi (48,6 % dn s). Tc gia tng dn s nm 2005 l 1,5 %, d
kin n nm 2010 l 1,0 %.

2) Hot ng kinh t

- Cng nghip

Kin Lng l th trn cng nghip tp trung ln nht tnh Kin Giang v
thuc loi ln BSCL (ch sau khu CN Tr Nc Cn Th). S lng cng
nhn ti cc Cng ty ln gn 2000 ngi (Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 c 1300
ngi, xi mng Kin Giang c 350 ngi, cng nhn x nghip lp my 18 - 2 trn
250 ngi). S lao ng lm vic ti cc c s tiu th cng nghip ti Kin
Lng trn 500 ngi. Do c th ni CN v tiu CN l ngnh kinh t quan
trong nht ca Kin Lng. Tng sn phm cng nghip (k c ca Trung ng)
hng nm trn 150.000.000 USD.

Tuy nhin, do trnh vn ha thp s ngi gc Kin Lng c nhn

vo cc cng ty CN cha ti 500 ngi phn ln ch lm cng nhn.

- Nng nghip
 Gan 70 % s dn th trn lm nng nghip. Nng nghip trong th trn b
nh hng ca cc yu t: vng t ngp nc c mn cao v ma kh v c
kh nng b axt ha vo u ma ma nn kh t nng sut cao.

Din tch t canh tc la hin nay ch 1100 ha (7,3 % tng din tch th
trn), do nh hng mn nn phn ln din tch ch trng la 1 v (la ma) nng
sut 3 - 4 tn/ha. Din tch cy mu (bp, m) v rau ch 100 ha. Din tch cy di
ngy (iu, bch n) 100 ha. Phn ln din tch t ca th trn vn cn b
hoang, do iu kin canh tc kh khn.

Trong th trn khng c ngh nui hoc nh bt thy sn.

- Dch v

Dch v ng vai tr quan trong ti Th trn cng nghip ny. Kin Lng c khu
vc ch rng ln vi trn 500 sp hng (in my, bch ha, thc phm, nh
hng). Doc quc l c nhiu hng qun n ung, tp ha, sa cha xe, tim may.
Ngh xe m kh pht trin vi trn 50 u xe, phn ln ngi chy xe m l cng
nhn cc Cng ty Nh nc hin ang b tht nghip.

- Thu nhp

Thu nhp bnh qun ca nhn dn Kin Lng l 3.500.000 /nm (2005)
thuc loi trung bnh so vi ton tnh Kin Giang.

- Gio dc

Nm hoc 2000 - 2005 Kin Lng c 3 trng cp 1 vi 3247 hoc sinh, 1

trng cp 2 (1816 hoc sinh) v 1 trng cp 3 (439 hoc sinh). Nm hoc 2005-
2006 c 10 hoc sinh Kin Lng thi i hoc, nm hoc 2006 -2007 s hoc sinh
thi i hoc l 20.

Trong ton th trn 96 % s tr em c i hoc. Ti vng nng thn s

ngi m ch vn cn nhiu.

Nhn chung so vi cc huyn, x Kin Giang, mc pht trin gio dc

Kin Lng thuc loi kh.

- Vn ha

Trong th trn c nh vn ha (ca Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2) thnh

thong c hot ng. Phn ln nhn dn hng th vn ha qua xem ti vi (80 % s
h c tivi), video (phn ln chng trnh video l phim Hng Kng, i Loan
hoc ca nhc hi ngoi).

Ton th trn c 2608 h trong 75% s h c in. Ring p Lung

Ln cha c in. Theo kin ca lnh o, th trn hin nay khng c t nn x
ke, ma ty, trm cp. Tuy nhin t nn c bc cn ph bin, mi dm vn cn ti
cc im ven tuyn ng sng.

- Y t

Trong th trn c bnh vin a khoa vi 50 ging, 7 bc s. Bnh vin ny phc

v lun cho cng nhn cc nh my trong khu vc.

Ti mi p u c 1, 2 t y t lm nhim v chch nga (tim chng), tuyn truyn

v sinh v k hoch ha.

Cc bnh ph bin hin nay ch yu l bnh truyn nhim: tiu chy, l, ph khoa,
st rt. T l tr em suy dinh dng kh cao (ti p L Bom c 122 em di 12
thng trong c 10 em b suy dinh dng cp 1, 2).

- C s h tng

Kin Lng l th trn c c s h tng vo loi kh so vi tnh Kin

Giang.

- H thng giao thng:

Quc l Rch Gi - H Tin ri nha, rng 6m xuyn theo chiu di th trn

v knh Rch Gi - H Tin, knh Ba Hn rng 50 - 60 m, su 2- 4 m l cc tuyn
giao thng chnh phc v vn chuyn hng ha (k c sn phm v nguyn liu t
Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2), hnh khch n TP H Ch Minh, Rch Gi, H Tin
v cc trung tm khc BSCL. T y hng ha c th i Campuchia, Thi Lan.

- H thng thng tin

H thng thng tin Kin Lng (Bu in Kin Lng) c th m bo

lin lc vi tt c cc vng trong nc v quc t.

- Cp in

in trong th trn c cp qua mng li quc gia, tuy nhin c 1 p

(trong s 4 p) ca th trn cha c in thp sng.
- Cp nc

Khu ch v khu tp th cng nhn c cp nc qua ng ng t h cha nc

ca Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2. Ngun nc ny mc du cha t tiu chun
Vit Nam v cht lng nc ung nhng c th s dng cho sinh hot v n ung
(sau khi un si). Mt phn dn chng cha c cp nc phi s dng nc
ma tch tr t ma ma n ung. Mt s t gia nh (p Lung Ln) i khi cn
dng nc knh nhim (du m, vi trng) lm ngun nc sinh hot.

- V sinh mi trng

Mc du iu kin v sinh mi trng Kin Lng kh hn nhiu vng

BSCL nhng vn cn mc lc hu. Ton th trn khng c bi rc ng qui
cch, khng c h thng thu gom, x l nc thi. Nc thi, cht thi sinh hot
vn cn a trc tip vo t, vo knh rch. y l nguyn nhn ca cc bnh
ng nc vn cn ph bin y.

3) Kt lun chung v kinh t - x hi th trn Kin Lng

Th trn c din tch ln, c s h tng tng i tt, iu kin pht trin
kinh t, vn ha, y t kh hn phn ln cc huyn Kin Giang v BSCL. Kt
qu ny c c mt phn l nh s pht trin cng nhip trong vng, trong
Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 ng vai tr ch o. Tuy nhin, Kin Lng vn
cha thot khi tnh trng lc hu v nng, lm nghip, vn ha, gio dc, y t ...
Do vy vic y mnh cng nghip ha, pht trin cc c s sn xut hin hu,
nh Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2, l 3) Kt lun chung v kinh t - x hi th
trn Kin Lng

nhu cu cp bch.

4) kin ca nhn dn trong vng v Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2

kin ca lnh o UBND Kin Lng

UBND th trn Kin Lng nh gi cao s h tr ca Cng ty Xi mng H

Tin 2 trong vic gp phn gii quyt lao ng a phng v h tr a phng
trong 1 s cng trnh phc li. Tuy nhin Uy ban mong mun Cng ty c thm cc
chng trnh gip a phng trong vic nng cp c s h tng v pht trin
vn ha, y t, x hi. Chnh quyn a phng cng yu cu Cng ty Xi mng H
Tin 2 quan tm gii quyt sm vn nhim mi trng (c th l khi, bi ...).

kin ca ngi dn
 Qua phng vn 12 ch h sng ven quc l cch Cng ty t 200 m n
5000 m, kin ca nhn dn tp trung 2 im sau:

- Nhn dn ng h s tn ti v pht trin ca Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2.

- Tt c cc h vi mc khc nhau u than phin v nhim mi

trng do cc nh my xi mng gy ra trong c Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2.

Cc h cch nh my < 2000 m (p L Bom) u cho rng nhim bi

nng nht l v ma kh (bi ph trn mi nh, trong sn, c khi khng th n
cm ngoi tri do bi). i din Hi ng Nhn dn Kin Lng v cn b y t p
L Bom cho rng c t l cao dn b bnh vim mi, ho, vim ng h hp trn
do khi bi t cc nh my (khng c s liu, bnh n thng k chi tit).

Cc h cch nh my 2000 - 5000 m (p X Ngch v p Ba Hn x Dng

Ha) cho rng thnh thong c khi bi, c bit vo ma kh, bi gy nga mt.

Cc h p C X, Ch Trn (cch Cng ty 4000 m cho rng bi nhiu

ch khi c gi a v.

Ni chung ngi dn than phin v vn nhim bi do cc nh my

trong khu vc gy ra, trong c Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 (vn ny c
nu trong 1 s hi ngh ca Hi ng Nhn dn Th trn). Tuy nhin, cho n nay
cng cha c n khiu ni t dn chng.

CHNG IV

NH GI TC NG TI MI TRNG CA NH MY XI MNG
H TIN2

4.1 Ngun gy tc ng:

4.1.1/ Cc tc ng:

- Tc ng do v tr ca Cng ty

- nh hng do thit k.

- Cc tc ng do hot ng ca nh my.

- Khai thc st,

 - S dng nc, nng lng v h thng giao thng

- Bc d vn chuyn, lu tr

- Hot ng ca thit b l nung

- Dy chuyn nghin clinker

- Tiu hy nc thi sinh hot v nc ln du

- No vt lung knh v giao thng thy

Trong sut qu trnh hot ng tc ng chnh yu ti mi trng c

nh ga l do xut pht t dy chuyn sn xut clinker t. Trong qu trnh vn
hnh tc ng xu n cng ng ch yu do nhng khim khuyt v thit k hay
hot ng bt cn gy s c, v do cc tc nhn nhim pht sinh t qu trnh sn
xut nh du m tht thot hoc cc tc ng do khai thc nguyn liu. Cc tc
nhn ny gy nh hng lu di nhng c kh nng kim sot. Cc tc ng trn
c phn tch ln lt cc tiu mc trong Chng IV ny.

4.1.2 Tiu chun mi trng p dng cho hot ng ca Cng ty

Vit Nam B Tiu chun Nh nc v mi trng c ban hnh

nm 1995 (TCVN-1995). B tiu chun l c s php l Cng ty xi mng H
Tin 2 v cc c quan qun l mi trng thc hin nghim chnh. Cc tiu chun
quan trong nht lin quan n hot ng ca Cng ty l:

- Tiu chun nc thi cng nghip (QCVN 24 - 2009)

- Tiu chun nc b mt ( QCVN 08 - 2008)

- Tiu chun khng kh xung quanh (QCVN 05 - 2009)

- Tiu chun nng ti a cho php kh thi nh my xi mng (QCVN 23

- 2009)

- Tiu chun kh thi CN i vi bi v cc cht v c (QCVN 19 - 2009)

- Tiu chun ting n (5945-2005)

4.2 i tng v quy m b tc ng:

4.2.1) nh hng ca v tr d n ti mi trng

-i vi cnh quan thin nhin

Cng ty xi mng nm th trn Kin Lng thuc huyn H Tin tnh Kin
Giang. Th trn nm ranh gii gia hai tiu vng sinh thi: vng ni st v vng
ng l h. Cnh nh my xi mng c ba hn ni c tn ni Cm, ni Tru v ni
Chu Hang cng nm trong khu vc ny. Theo nh qui hoch v khai thc ca nh
my ni Cm, ni Tru cn c th cung cp nguyn liu cho Cng ty khong 15
nm,ni ny c qui nh bo tn. Nh vy hot ng ca nh my nh hin nay
c nh hng ln n cnh quan t nhin khu vc nhng khng vi phm cc vng
c quy hoch bov.

-i vi cng trnh ln cn

Trong khu vc d n cc nh my ln cn c cng tnh cht (xi mng). Nh

vy nh hng do cc yu t ch yu nh bi hu nh khng nh hng n hot
ng sn xut ngoi tr sc kho ca cng nhn. nh hng c nh ga l ln
cng do bi ti nh dn trong th trn Kin Lng. nh hng ny l t lu v
cha khc phc cho n thi im ny.

-i vi cht lng t trong khu vc

Do tc ng ca bi v xi mng (ch yu) t trng quanh khu vc c

th b chai cng, vi ha lm gim mu ca t. Hin nay khu vc nh hng
ch yu nm trong khun vin nh my ni khng c sn xut nng nghip.

-i vi nui trng thy sn

Nui trng thy sn trong khu vc hu nh khng c. Tuy nhin, t hot

ng ca Cng ty tc nhn du m tht thot c nh hng n cht lng nc
v thy sinh ca knh Ba Hn.

4.2.2)nh hng ca quy trnh cng ngh

-Dy chuyn nung clinker t

Dy chuyn nung clinker t l mt dy chuyn khp kn c c im cng

ngh l phi liu c a vo l dng t. Vic iu khin t phng iu
trung tm. Cng sut ca 2 l tng cng t 850 tn/ngy clinker. L dy chuyn
c thit k v ch to vo nhng nm 60 nn bn thn cng ngh cng nh thit
b c v cha p ng c tiu chun v mi trng hin nay. Nh my c
nhiu ci tin v sa cha nhng v c bn khng gii quyt trit c vn
nhim mi trng.
4.2.3/nh hng ti mi trng do hot ng khai thc v sn xut

* Hot ng khai thc:

-Ngun gc gy nhim khng kh v cc cht nhim ch th trong qu trnh

khai thc c tng kt trong Bng 4.3 di y:

Bng 4.3 Ngun gc v vn nhim khng kh ti khu vc khai thc

nguyn liu

Nguon goc o Van e o nhiem ac ac iem

nhiem trng nguon

Khoan va no mn - Bui at a, khoi - Phan tan,

thuoc no, khong
tieng on, rung. lien tuc.
ap, nghien, - Bui a, tieng on, - Phan tan,
sang a rung lien tuc
D tr a trong - Bui a phat tan theo - Phan tan.
bai cha gio
o rot a - Bui a, tieng on. - Phan tan,
au bang tai khong
lien tuc.
ao, ui, xuc at - Bui a, kh thai xe - Phan tan,
set, a cong trnh khong
voi cha khoi bui, NOx, lien tuc.
SO2,CO2, CO
.
D tr at set - Bui at. - Phan tan.
trong bai
 Qu trnh khai thc, ch bin vi v t st gy nn mt s tc ng ti
mi trng trong hai tc nhn chnh l bi v ting n rung.

- c trng cc ngun nhim

i vi ngun nhim phn tn, khng lin tc c th c tnh ti lng

cc cht nhim a vo mi trng. Ti lng nhim trong qu trnh khai thc
c tnh ton da trn nhu cu nguyn liu s dng hng nm v h s nhim
tng ng vi tng hot ng. Ti lng nhim bi t v bi ti Cng ty
c tnh theo nhu cu nguyn liu phc v sn xut nm 1996.

- Khai thc v ch bin

Theo phng php nh gi nhanh ca T chc Y t th gii, lng bi to thnh

trong qu trnh khai thc v ch bin l:

0,4 kg bi/tn trong cng on n mn khai thc hc.

0,14 kg bi/tn khi xay, sng kh hoc 0,009 kg/tn nu xay sng t.

0,17 kg bi/tn khi bc xp, vn chuyn.

Vi khi lng khai thc 1.607.000 tn/nm th lng bi sinh ra trong khu vc
c tnh l:

Hot ng Ti lng (tn/nm)

Khai thc 642,8

Xay, sng kh 224,98

Xay, sng t 14,46

Bc xp, vn chuyn 273,19

Nh vy, trong qu trnh khai thc , ti lng nhim bi l 1.140,97 tn/nm

khi xay sng theo phng php kh hoc 882,24 tn/nm khi xay sng theo
phng php t.

- Khai thc t st
Lng bi bay vo khng kh trong hot ng khai thc, vn chuyn v cha ti
bi c tnh khong 0,134 kg/tn t st. Khi lng t st c khai thc l
297.800 tn/nm nn ti lng bi bay vo khng kh l 39,9 tn/nm.

-Tc ng ca bi v t st

Qu trnh khai thc v ch bin s b t st hu nh khng gy nhim

khng kh. Trong phng php khai thc t lng bn st trong cc h cha c
m ti 60 - 65%, khi khai thc theo phng php kh t vn c m t
nhin kh cao (16 - 20%) do bi sinh ra khng ng k. nhim ch sinh ra khi
tn tr t st trong bi cha, sn phi ngoi tri. Vo ma kh nng, gi ln, mt
mt phn mt t l ra, kh trn b mt c th theo gi pht tn vo khng kh.

nhim khng kh ch yu l bi trong qu trnh n mn, i, xc ln xe ti

v p bng ci p. H thng bng ti vn chuyn sau khi p c bao kn
nn gim ng k lng bi pht tn vo khng kh. Tuy vy, hu ht cc
v tr khc nh cc im u bng ti, im rt sau khi p xung bi cha
u cha lp t h thng thu bi hoc che bao. c bit, im rt t bng ti
xung bi cha qu cao so vi mt t nn bi trong khi ri theo gi pht tn
vo khng kh gy nhim, nh hng trn mt vng rng.

Bi t vo phi thng gy kch thch c hoc v pht sinh phn ng x

ha phi, gy nn nhng bnh v h hp. Do c c tnh tr v khng cha cc
hp cht c tnh gy c no khc nn bi khng gy ra cc bnh di truyn, c
tnh mn. Bi t c kch thc ln (bi th), nng, t c kh nng i vo ph
nang phi, t nh hng n sc khe. Cn bi c kch thc nh (bi h hp) th
nguy him hn i vi ng h hp. Ti v tr u bng ti vn chuyn sau khi
ra khi ci p KA03, nng bi khng qu cao nh nhng ni khc (2,5
mg/m3) nhng li l loi bi c kch thc nh v tc ng ca loi bi c kch
thc nh ny c nh ga l cao hn hn i vi sc kho ca cng nhn.

-Tc ng ca ting n, rung

Qu trnh khai thc vi gy nn ting n ln ti khu vc sn xut v vng

ln cn. Cc ngun gy n chnh l ting my khoan, ting n mn, xe xc, ting
n do cc xe ti ch v ci p (c 32 xe, trong ti < 15 tn phc v khai thc
vi). Ting n ti cc m thng nh hng trong phm vi tng i rng,
ting n mn khai thc c th vt 100 dB khong cch 300 m cch im n.
Ngun nhim ny khng lin tc, ch c khi khai thc
 Qu trnh n mn to ra rung ln trong khu vc c bn knh t 500 n
1.000 m cch im t mn. rung v chn ng ln s gy nh hng ti cc
cng trnh xy dng hoc nh ca nhn dn trong khu vc.

Cng ty nghin cu bin php chng rung ti thiu do n mn, gim nh

hng n cng trnh xy dng.

*/ Hot ng sn xut

-qu trnh sn xut clinker

Ngun gc gy nhim khng kh trong qu trnh sn xut clinker gm:

+Bi nguyn liu ( vi, t st, laterite, ct theo phng php kh v vi, t
st, laterite theo phng php t) pht sinh trong qu trnh vn chuyn, d tr
trong cc kho, bi cha.

+Bi nguyn liu sinh ra trong qu trnh vn chuyn trn cc bng ti, gu nng,
mng trt, phu cn nh lng, rt, nghin, trn

+Kh thi sinh ra t ng khi l nung clinker c cha bi, CO, CO2, SO2 v NOx.

+Bi clinker trong qu trnh vn chuyn clinker ti si lo, rt clinker t silo cha
xung bng ti, xut clinker ri xung x lan ti bn xut

-Ting n v cc yu t vi kh hu trong khu vc sn xut.

- Kh thi ca cc phng tin vn ti ( t, tu, x lan) v cc loi xe nng, i,

xc c cha cc cht nhim nh bi than, SO2, NOx, cc cht hu c bay hi
(VOC) v Pb.

c trng ca ngun nhim

Ti lng nhim ca cc tc nhn chnh c xc nh theo phng php trn

cho tng cng on sn xut clinker. Bng 4.4 di y l kt qu tnh ton tng
ti lng nhim cho c hai dy chuyn sn xut theo phng php kh v theo
phng php t ti Cng ty.

Bng 4.4 Ti lng nhim t cc ngun thi

He so o Tai lng o nhiem

nhiem
Hoat ong (kg/tan (tan/nam)
 clinker)
Bui SO2 NOx Bui SO2 NOx
- D tr nguyen lieu 0,14 - - 165,2
- ap, sang nguyen 4,2 - - 4956,
lieu 0
- Van chuyen bang 1,5 - - 1770,
bang tai 0
- Say nghien
nguyen lieu, nung
clinker theo phng 120, 1,0 2,1 33600 285,6 602,0
phap t 0 2 5 ,0
- Say nghien
nguyen lieu, nung
clinker theo phng 0,34 1,0 2,1 306,0 918,0 1935,
phap kho 2 5 0
- D tr clinker trong 0,12 - - 141,6
silo
- Xuat & van chuyen 0,1 - - 64,4
theo tau
Tong cong 41003 1203, 2537,
,2 6 0

Theo phng php nh gi nhanh ca WHO, hng nm ti lng cc cht

nhim thi ra t tt c cc ngun trong qu trnh sn xut linker vo khong
41003,2 tn bi, 1203,6 tn SO2, 2537,0 tn NOx.

Kt qu tnh ton cng cho thy ngun gy nhim bi ln nht l ng khi l

nung clinker theo phng php t. L c xy dng t nm 1961, a vo hot
ng t nm 1964 v khng trang b h thng x l. Mc d sn lng clinker
hng nm ch chim khong 1/3 tng sn lng chung ca Cng ty, nhng lng
bi t l nung ca dy chuyn sn xut theo phng php t li ng gp 80%
ti lng nhim bi.

Cc d on trn tnh cho tng ngun, ring ng khi ca l nung l cc ngun

im ln v n nh. xc nh phm vi nh hng ca kh thi l nung clinker
chng ti p dng phng php m hnh ha.

Mt trong nhng tc nhn nhim na trong nhng nm gn y c nh ga l

quan trong xut pht t vic s dng gch Cromit. nhit cao mt phn crom
(III) chuyn ha thnh crom (VI) c c tnh cao. Hin nay vi cc dy chuyn
cng ngh mi nh ca Xi mng Sao Mai (Hn Chng) vic s dng gch c
thnh phn ny b loi b. Da trn nh mc hao ht ca Cng ty ti lng Crom
tht thot c th c tnh trn c s cng sut l v thnh phn gch chu la.
Gch chu la cha 70% MgO v 5% Crom trong o khong 2% nm li trong
clinker, phn cn li chy bay vo khng kh.

Day chuyen t Day chuyen kho

nh mc tieu
hao gach chu la
1.7 1.0
kg/tan clinker

Mc that thoat Crom Cao Crom Cao

nhom nhom
kg/tan clinker 0.7 0.4
1.0 0.6
Lng that thoat 577.5 825 1200 1800
tong kg/ngay
Phan vao khong 17.33 36
kh chiem 3%
kg/ngay
Tong lng crom 20.93 kg/ngay
phat tan vao
khong kh
Ghi ch: Cng sut dy chuyn t 825 tn clinher/ngy

Cng sut dy chuyn kh 3000 tn clinher/ngy

Tnh trn tng lng khi thot ra t ng khi th ga tr nng crom khong
6.7.10-6 mg/m3.

Tnh ton kh nng pht tn nhim t l nung clinker

Chon la cc thng s k thut cho tnh ton pht tn nhim kh

Cc ngun im chnh ca nh my xc nh gm:

- Trm pht in c thit k gm c 3 ng c diesel 7500 kW

- Ngun thi t ng khi l kh nung clinker

- Ngun thi t ng khi l t

- V ng khi t cc lc bi tay o kh trong nh my

Trong cc ngun ny chng ti nh ga nhim im ch yu t ng khi dy

chuyn t do khng c h thng loc bi v y l ngun lm vic lin tc 24/24.
Cc ngun cn li hoc khng l ngun lin tc (Trm pht in) hoc c h
thng loc bi. Nh c cc h thng loc bi nn nng bi pht tn t cc ngun
ny theo Cng ty t 50 mg/m3. Vi ga tr ny bi thot ra khng gy nh hng
ln v p ng c TCVN.

Ti lng nhim

Cng ty xi mng H Tin 2 phi hp vi Trung tm Bo v Mi trng tin

hnh o lu lng kh thi v nng bi trong l nung theo phng php t.
Cc ga tr o c trong Bng 4.5 v tnh ton tm tt trong Bng 4.6.

Bng 4.5 Kt qu o bi trong ng khi l

Mau Ket qua (g/m3) Ghi chu

1 22.5 Ong dai
2 17.5 Ong dai
3 13.8 Ong ngan
 4 11.6 Ong ngan
5 16.5 Ong ngan
Trung bnh 16.4
L 2

Mau Ket qua (g/m3) Ghi chu

1 .9 Ong dai
2 12.6 Ong ngan
3 22.9 Ong dai
4 17.5 Ong dai
5 9.2 Ong ngan
Trung bnh 16.8

Bng 4.6 Ga tr o c v tnh ton v nng bi ti ng khi dy

chuyn t

Ga tr tnh Ga tr o
Nong o bui g/m3 17 - 25 16,5

Cc thng s chon loc trn c chuyn i thnh dng ph hp vi m

hnh pht tn ca Gausse. Cc gi tr chuyn i trnh by trong Bng 4.7. Gi tr
ti lng nhim chon gi tr trung bnh 18 mg/m3.

Ga tr tiu chun mi trng p dng

-Tiu chun Vit Nam mi trng v phn kh c 2 tiu chun:

- Tiu chun QCVN 23 - 2009 qui nh v nng cho php cc cht nhim
trong kh thi.
- Tiu chun QCVN 05 -2009 qui nh nng cc cht nhim ti a cho php
i vi cht lng khng kh xung quanh. Tm tt ghi trong cc Bng 4.8 - 4.9:

Bng 4.7 Tm tt cc thng s chuyn i u vo cho tnh pht tn

Thong so n v Gia tr
1 Mc tieu thu dau day kg/h 5500
chuyen t
2 Han lng lu huynh % wt 0,3
ac tnh cua kh thai

3
Nhiet o kh thoat ra tai o
C 120
mieng thai cua ong khoi
o
K 393
Lu lng kh m3/h 240,000
m3/s 66.67
Lu lng kh 120oC m3/s 95.97
4 Thanh phan kh tai mieng thai cua ong khoi

2. S g/s 8.5
O
2
mg/m3 88.57
3. N g/s 17.92
O
x
mg/m3 186.73
4. B g/s 1200,2
u
i
(
 1
8
g
/
m
3

)
mg/m3 12506
Cau hnh cua ong khoi

5
ng knh ong khoi mm 3000
Chieu cao ong khoi (thc mm 65000
te)
Nguon: Bao cao cua Cong ty Xi mang Ha Tien 2 &
anh ga nhanh cua WHO

Bang 4.8 Tieu chuan ve kh thai

Bui SO2 NO2

mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3

Nguon loai A 400 1500 2500
Nguon loai B 100 500 1000
Ghi ch:Ngun loi A p dng cho nh my

(Ngun ang tn ti trc khi tiu chun mi trng)

Bui SO2 NO2

mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3

Trung bnh 1 h 0.3 0.5 0.4
Trung bnh 24 0.2 0.3 0.1
h
-Tnh tc gi nguy him

Tc gi nh hng mnh n kh nng pht tn cc cht nhim trong kh thi.

Khi tc gi tng cao, dng ca ng khi b gim dn n vic cc cht
nhim khng pht tn i xa. Tuy nhin khi tc gi tng cc cht nhim b li
cun mnh hn theo gi. Nh vy ph thuc vo thng s ca ng khi, tn ti
mt tc go, m ng vi vn tc nng cc cht nhim mt t t cc
i - cn goi l cc i tuyt i.

Theo tnh ton ti dy chuyn t tc go nguy him c xc nh trong

khong 2,5 m/s tng ng vi tc go thnh hnh ma kh. y cng l mt l
do d on vo ma kh mc nhim nh my gy ra s cao hn Bng
4.10. Tc go 2,5 m/s c chon cho tnh ton pht tn v y l trng hp bt
li nht.

-Tnh ton nng cht nhim ti mt t

Mt s iu kin sau c gi nh cho tnh ton pht tn khng kh:

- Dy chuyn l t hot ng n nh cng sut 800 tn clinker /ngy.

- Dy chuyn l kh v h thng loc bi vn hnh tt.

Tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam TCVN 2005 v QCVN 2009 c s dng so
snh. Khi xem xt t s gia ga tr trung bnh 24 h v trung bnh 1h ca bi, qui
nh ngt ngho nht ca b tiu chun l ga tr nng trung bnh 1h i vi v bi.

Bng 4.10 Tnh ton tc gi nguy him

Dy chuyn t khng c loc bi tnh i n

Chiu cao v t l ca ng x 65.00 m

ng knh mi ng ng x 3,00 m

Ti lng nhim 1667.000 g/s

Nhit dng kh thi 393 0K

Nhi t o khng kh xung quanh 300 0K

p sut kh quyn 1010 mbar

Tinh ton cho ngun nh n loi B,Vng ngoi

Bng 4.11 Tm tt kt qu tnh ton nng bi tai m t t

Toc o go 0.5 m/s 2.5 m/s 4.5 m/s

tb 1h tb 24 tb 1h tb 24 tb 1h tb 24
h h h
Nong o
bui max tai
1,62 0,82 2,83 1,44 2,56 1,30
mat at
(mg/m )
3

Khoang cac 1980 760 600

at C max
(m)

Khi l t hot ng, nng bi ti mt t tin ti 2,83 mg/m3 (trung

bnh 1h h) cc i c ly 760 m cch ng khi v khong 10 ln cao hn so vi
TCVN l 0,3 mg/m3 ng vi tc go ma kh 2.5 m/s (Hnh 4.4).

Trn c s nghin cu cc ng ng nng Hnh 4.5 cho thy do nh hng

ca l t khu vc chu nh hng nng bi cao hn 0.5 mg/m3, 1.0 mg/m3 v
2.0 mg/m3 tng ng vi din tch 148,44 ha n 57,54; 13,5 ha.

Bng 4.12 Tm tt vng nh hng do bi t Cng ty

Vung Vung anh Ban knh anh Dien tch anh

ang hng hng ngang hng (ha)
nong (m)
t - en theo
o
truc doc (m)
(mg/m3)
0.5 350 - 3050 350 148,44
1.0 400 - 2050 222 57,54
 2.0 500 - 1300 107 13,45

Tc ng cng hp ti mi trng khng kh xung quanh

- Do nn mi trng t nhin

- Do cc nh my ln cn

Trong thc t cc ga tr tng o c cao hn nhiu tng thi im do tc ng

cng hp ca c nn v ca cc nh my ln cn m in hnh l nh my xi mng
62000 tn Kin Giang ca tnh.

Kt lun v tc ng ca pht tn khng kh t dy chuyn t

ch bnh thng, nh my c mt ngun im gy nhim ln t ngun

x dy chuyn sn xut t.

So snh vi tiu chun mi trng v ti lng nhim nh ng khi tiu

chun v SO2 v NO2 (93.36 mg/m3 207.5 mg/m3 cn thp hn tiu chun cho
ngun loi A l 1500 v 2500 mg/m3. Tuy nhin ga tr ti lng bi qu cao
12506 mg/m3 so vi 400 mg/m3 (gp 31.2 ln).

ng thi vi ti lng nhim bi cao l nng bi cc i pht tn ra

mi trng ti mt t cng rt ln. Ti mt t nng bi d on dao ng
trong khong 1.6 - 2.8 mg/m3 ty thuc vo tc go v hng go thnh hnh.
Ga tr ny cao hn t 6 n 9 ln TCVN cho ga tr trung bnh 1h. Tng t nh
vy ga tr trung bnh ngy m ca bi cng vt ga tr qui nh 24h. Nu khng
ch c ti lng bi u ra ng khi t TCVN th nng bi do pht tn t
ng khi s t tiu chun khng kh xung quanh cho khu vc dn c.

-Tc ng t qu trnh sn xut xi mng

Ngun gc gy nhim khng kh trong qu trnh sn xut xi mng gm:

- Bi clinker v ph gia (thch cao, pozolan) trong khu vc my p, nghin bi,

my sng, my phn ly v h thng vn chuyn.

- Bi xi mng sinh ra trong qu trnh vn chuyn xi mng ri, khu vc np v tho

xi mng ra t sil.
- Bi xi mng sinh ra t my ng bao, khu vc xut xi mng bao thnh phm ln
t v tu.

- Ting n, rung ca cc loi m t, qut, my nghin, my p, my nn kh v

cc phng tin vn ti.

c trng ca ngun nhim

Ti lng bi thi ra t tt c cc ngun trong qu trnh sn xut xi mng c tnh

theo phng php nh gi nhanh l 227,9 tn.

Bng 4.13 Ti lng nhim trong qu trnh sn xut xi mng

Cac hoat ong san He so o Tai lng o

xuat nhiem
(kg/tan nhiem
clinker) (tan/nam)
- D tr clinker trong 0,12 64,35
silo
- D tr puzolan, thach 0,14 75,07
cao
- Van chuyen clinker, 0,075 40,22
phu gia
- ap phu gia, thach 0,02 10,72
cao
- Nghien phoi lieu 0,05 26,81
- ong bao xi mang 0,01 5,36
- Van chuyen xi mang 0,01 5,36
Tong cong 227,89

Tng ti lng nhim trong ton b qu trnh khai thc nguyn liu, sn
xut clinker v sn xut xi mng ti Cng ty tm tt trong Bng 4.14.
Bng 4.14 Tng ti lng nhim trong ton b qu trnh khai thc
nguyn liu

Hoat ong Bui (tan) SO2 (tan) NOx (tan)

- Khai thac a voi, 1180,9
at set
- San xuat clinker 41003,2 1203,6 2537,0
- San xuat xi 227,9
mang
Tong cong 42412,0 1203,6 2537,0

Nhn xt hng ngy Cng ty xi mng H Tin 2 c khong 8.6 tn bi cc

loi pht tn vo khng kh. y l ngun nhim ln v cn c cc bin php
gim thiu nh hng ny.

Tc ng ca bi xi mng

Bi xi mng c kch thc nm trong khong t 1,5 n 100 m v nhng ht bi

c kch thc nh hn 3 m tc hi i vi ng h hp do chng d dng theo
ng th vo tn mng phi. c bit, khi trong bi xi mng c trn 2% silic t
do th c th pht sinh bnh bi phi-silic sau nhiu nm tip xc. Theo bo co v
cng tc an ton lao ng ca chnh Cng ty nm 2005 cha pht hin bnh ngh
nghip v ng h hp do bi xi mng.

C mt khi lng nh bi nguyn liu v bi xi mng t cc ngun phn

tn, khng kim sot c hoc do ri vi c th theo gi pht tn vo khng kh
sau sa lng xung mt nc, mt t. Bi sa lng lm tng c ngun nc,
ng thi bi sa lng theo thi gian s tch t lm cho t ai khu vc xung quanh
nh my cng ngy cng chai cng, tnh gi nc b km i v t tr nn ngho
dinh dng.

Nng bi trong khng kh ti khu vc cng kh cao, c bit ti cc thi im

, rt clinker ri. Kt qu o nng bi ti khu vc bn xut cho thy bi trong
khng kh ln n 176,8 mg/m3 khi ly mu kh cui chiu gi v cch im rt
khong 5 m. Cng thi im, mu u hng gi c nng bi cng rt cao
27,6 mg/m3. Vi nng bi ni trn, cng nhn c th b nh hng do ht th
khng kh nhim bi nht l khi khng ch n vic bo h lao ng.

Mt khc, bi clinker v bi xi mng pht sinh ti khu vc bn xut c th theo gi

pht tn vo khng kh sau sa lng xung knh hoc mt t. Bi sa lng lm
tng c ngun nc v gy bi lng ti khu vc cng ng thi bi sa lng
theo thi gian s tch t lm cho t ai xung quanh khu vc sn xut cng ngy
cng chai cng, tnh gi nc b km i, t tr nn ngho dinh dng v h thc
vt che ph mt t s dn dn b suy thoi.

Tc ng ca ting n, rung

Trong qu trnh hot ng ca nh my, cc loi thit b nh ci p , my

nghin, sng nguyn liu, nn kh, qut gi, my pht in gy nn ting n ln
trong khu vc sn xut. Ting n cao hn tiu chun cho php s nh hng ti
sc kho cng nhn gy mt mi, mt ng... lm gim nng sut lao ng. Chu
ng ting n qu ln lin tc trong 8 gi v ko di trong nhiu nm c th lm
tng huyt p, nh hng h thn kinh, gy ic ngh nghip ng thi l mt
tc nhn gy nn hin tng c ch (stress).

Tc ng v bnh ngh nghip do crom v hp cht ca crom

Tn thng cp tnh ng h hp Khi ht th bi, hi sng cha crom VI

c th dn ti cc triu chng cp tnh ht hi, tn thng vch mi, co tht ph
qun v mt s trng hp gp c nhng cn hen in hnh. Tip xc lu ngy vi
crom c nng 20 - 30 mg/m3 c th gp cc triu chng ho, nhc u, kh th.

Vim da Cc hp cht crom ha tr (VI) va gy kch thch da trc tip va

gy d ng. Bnh nhn c phn ng dng tnh qua cc th nghim p da vi
dicromat 0.5%. Vin da ngh nghip do cromat l vim da th eczema, kh khi
v d ti pht. C ch sinh bnh do crom (VI) nhim vo da qua tuyn m hi v
chuyn thnh crom ha tr III v phn ng vi protein to thnh phc hp
khng nguyn - khng th.

-Tc ng ca kh thi my pht in v cc phng tin vn ti

+Nh my c trm pht in vi ba my cng sut 7500 kW/chic. Tc nhn

nhim ch yu l SO2, tuy nhin du s dng cho my pht l du c hm lng
lu hunh thp <0.3%. Hn na cc my ch c chy n chic v c tnh cht
d phng v pht b cng sut li in nn ngun ny khng ln so vi ngun
nhim t dy chuyn cng ngh.
+Kh thi cc phng tin vn ti c ng c t trong c cha bi, SO2, NOx,
CO, tng hydrocarbon v ch (Pb). Cc cht nhim ny pht sinh t cc ngun
phn tn v tc ng ca chng ti mi trng ph thuc nhiu vo iu kin a
hnh v iu kin kh tng trong khu vc

+ Oxyt cacbon (CO) l kh thi t loi xe s dng xng l ch yu v cc xe s

dng diesel to CO t hn 25 ln. Khi oxyt cacbon xm nhp vo huyt cu t s
cn tr mu ti oxy. Vi liu lng thp CO gy nn au u, chng mt, ri lon
cm gic. Liu lng cao CO s gy ngt, c khi t vong.

+ Ch tetraetyl c dng lm cht ph gia nng cao ch s ctan ca xng,

thc t l gim ting n ng c v chng hin tng n sm. Ch a n
nhng ri lon thn kinh nht l tr nh v ch cng gy ra chng thiu mu v lm
ri lon s tng hp huyt cu t trong mu. Nhu cu xng khng ch tr thnh
mt yu cu tt yu ca hu ht cc nc.

+ Cc hp cht hu c bay hi (VOC): Sinh ra cc khu nh bn cha xng du,

phng tin vn chuyn, khu vc chy my pht in. Trong kh x cc phng
tin giao thng c ln hydrocacbon cha chy. Cc VOC trong ch yu l
cacbua hydro c hi cho sc kho (nhim c, kch thch, gy ung th hay t
bin)

-Tc dng do nc thi nh my

+Nc thi sn xut: Trong cng ngh sn xut xi mng ca Cng ty, lng nc
c s dng cho sn xut bao gm:

Nc gii nhit 4%: 140 m3/ngy

Nc lm mt v l: 1400 m3/ngy

+Nc thi sau khi lm mt thit b ni chung l sch (Bng 3.6) ch nhim bn
du m, cha nhiu cc cht l lng; vi mt lng nc thi lm mt khng ln
(khong 65 m3/h) c s dng tun hon, sau khi lm ngui, tch loc du m,
kim loi c th x ra Knh Ba Hn

+Nc thi t sn xut cn xut pht t ngun thi khi v sinh thit b, nh xng,
kho bi, nc thi t xng sa cha c kh v nc sau khi lm mt thit b....
Loi nc thi ny cha hm lng cao cht rn l lng, du m, kim loi v c
bit nc thi v sinh khu vc sn xut cha nguyn liu v xi mng c tnh cht
kim.
+ Nc thi sinh hot: Nc thi sinh hot sinh ra ch yu t khu vc hnh chnh
v nh tm, nh n, khu v sinh ... ca Cng ty. Lu lng v mc nhim bn
ca ngun nc thi ny ph thuc vo s lng ngi ti y v nh mc tiu
th nc cp. Nc thi sinh hot cha hm lng cao cc cht hu c, cht rn l
lng, du m, cht dinh dng v vi trng.

+ Nc thi do sinh hot ca cng nhn

Theo phng php nh gi nhanh ca WHO ti lng cc i cc tc nhn

nhim hng ngy t Cng ty a vo mi trng ti:

BOD : 40 kg

Cht rn l lng : 86 kg

Tng nit : 7,2 kg

Trung bnh mi cn b, cng nhn trong Cng ty s dng 150 lt nc/ngy v

nng ti a cc tc nhn nhim trong nc thi s l :

BOD: 330 mg/l vt Tiu chun Mi Trng Vit Nam (TCMT5945) 6,6 ln i
vi ngun tip nhn thuc loi B theo phn loi.

Bng 4.15 c tnh nc thi sinh hoat ca Cng ty xi mng H Tin 2

S ngi : 800 ngi

Tiu chun dng nc : 150 l/ng.ngy

Lu lng nc thi: 120 m3/ngy

Ti lng nhim

BOD5 40 kg/ngy

TSS 86 kg/ngy

Tng N 7,2 kg/ngy

Tng P 1,92 kg/ngy

Du, m 16 kg/ngy
 TT Nong Gia tr So lan Yeu cau
o gii han vt x ly
Ch tieu
theo TCVN qua (%)
(mg/l)
1 BOD5 330 50 6,6 85
2 COD 580 100 5,8 83
3 TSS 717 100 7,2 86
4 Dau, m 133 10,0 13 93
5 Tong nit 60 60 1,0 0
6 Tong phot 16 6 2,7 63
pho
7 Amoni 24 1,0 24,0 96

Ghi ch: Tnh ton da trn cc s liu thng k ca WHO

Ngun nhn loi B (TCVN 5945 - 1995)

Do vy mc du khi lng v ti lng cc tc nhn nhim trong nc thi sinh

hot ch mc trung bnh nhng do nng vt qa TCMT nn vic x l nc
thi sinh hot ca Cng ty l cn thit trc khi thi ra sng.

-Tc ng do nc ma chy trn

Trong qu trnh chy trn ng lu l nc cun tri tt c cc cht nhim

trn t khu vc khai thc nguyn liu n sn phm v bn sn c cha kim
cao, nng cc cht rn l lng cao c th nh hng ti cht lng nc v t
trong khu vc do kim ha v c th gy bi lng dng knh. Ti mt v tr cao,
thun li (bn b knh) kh nng thot nc ca nh my rt tt.

-Tc ng ca du i vi qun th sinh vt

- Mng du lm gim oxy ha tan trong nc gy tc hi n i sng cc loi ng

vt nc.

- Mng du bm vo cc loi cy c gy cn tr h hp, quang hp.

-Cc thnh phn ha tan trong nc ca du u c c tnh cao vi tm c, nht
l giai on trng v giai on cha trng thnh.

- Ngun nc b nhim du c th to iu kin pht trin nhiu loi to, trong

c 1 s loi c hi i vi tm c.

-Tc ng do cht thi rn

+Cht thi do hot ng khai thc

Nh my xi mng H Tin 2 ang khai thc hai m vi l Ni Cm v Ni

Tru. Cng ngh khai thc c s dng ti y l phng php tng, s dng
thuc n. Cht thi rn ca qu trnh khai thc vi l t b thuc n bn ra
xa khi khu vc khai thc, s t c cht lng km (x l b mt trc khi
khai thc), t b vng vi trong qu trnh chuyn ch t ni khai thc v cc
ci p. t b bn xa c th lm mt i mt s din tch t c th canh tc
c quanh chn ni Cm v ni Tru. Vic san i t thi khng hp l s lm
mt cnh quan khu vc, gy xi l. t ri vi trn ng chuyn ch ngoi
vic gy c th gy kh khn cho cc li xe cn c th gy hin trng tri bn
vo ma ma xung cc khu t thp ven ng, xung cc tha rung xung
quanh ni.

Cht thi rn c th pht sinh t cng ngh khai thc t st v bao gm:

- Cn bn t (gi li trc li loc 10mm) trong dy chuyn khai thc theo

phng php t.

+Cht thi t qu trnh sn xut clinker

Cht thi rn t qu trnh sn xut clinker bao gm cc ngun sau:

Nguyn vt liu khng t cht lng ( vi, t st), v nguyn vt liu vng
vi t cc bng ti trong dy chuyn sn xut

Bi clinker sa lng v lng cinker ra khi l khng t cht lng

Gch chu la loi b khi tin hnh thay gch nh k (mi nm hai ln)

Bi t cc h thng x l

Cn du t h thng bn cha nhin liu (ngun khng thng xuyn, 20 - 30

nm mi sc ra1 ln).
Cc ngun cht thi ny c c tnh l khi lng rt ln, tuy nhin tnh c hi
thp. Anh hng mi trng ln nht ca chng lm mt cnh quan nu vic san
i, cha khng hp l v c th lm tng c ca ngun nc do hin tng
ra tri vo ma ma.

Cht thi ng quan tm nht ti nh my l cn t cc bn cha du. Hin nay

lng du cn tn lu ti nh my rt ln. Do cht lng cn du km (hm lng
nc v cc cn bn khc kh cao) nn vic tn dng chng trc tip cho dy
chuyn sn xut clinker khng m bo cht lng sn phm

+Cht thi rn t dy chuyn sn xut xi mng

Ngun cht thi ny bao gm:

Bi xi mng sa lng xung quanh khu vc sn xut

Cn xi mng trong qu trnh v sinh cc silo cha

V bao b h hng

Bi xi mng sa lng c nh my gom vt v ti sinh. Lng bi ny kh ln do

h thng khng ch bi ca h thng v bao v ti cc bng ti chuyn xi mng
ln t cha tt (nng bi ti khu vc ny l ...). Cc bi sa lng ny nu
khng c gom vt thng xuyn c th b ra tri theo nc ma lm tng
c ca ngun nc. S xi mng cn t cc xi l do c ng bao th cng (
dng ni b hoc ti sinh), tuy s lng khng nhiu nhng s nh hng trc tip
n sc khe ca cng nhn v bao.

+Cht thi rn do hot ng ca cn b cng nhn vin nh my

Ngoi lng cht thi sinh hot c tnh khong 300 - 400 kg/ngy, nh my cn
c thm mt lng cht thi do hot ng y t ngay ti nh my.

+Cht thi y t

m bo sc khe cho cng nhn, t chc dch v y t ti nh my c quy m

kh ln v do lng cht thi y t sinh ra cng rt ng k. Cht thi rn dng
ny khi lng khng ln nhng do tnh nguy hi ca n nn cn c quan tm.

4.7 nh gi chung v tc ng mi trng hot ng ca Cng Ty

Hot ng ca mt Cng ty ln bao gm nhiu hot ng trong c c cc

hot ng sn xut, hot ng ph tr v cc hot ng phc v sinh hot. Cc
hot ng ny a vo mi trng nhiu tc nhn c th gy nh hng n mi
trng nhng nng nht nh. Trn c s phn tch cc iu kin t nhin v
cng ngh, cn nhc cc tc ng c th phn loi theo mc :

Mc cao cn thc hin cc gii php khng ch ngay

- Tc nhn bi t Cng ty gm tt c cc dng bi. Ngun pht sinh ch yu t

dy chuyn sn xut t v do vn chuyn trong cc bng ti h thiu h thng
kim sot.

- Do ri vi t khu vn chuyn nhin liu

Mc trung bnh

- Nc thi ca nh my cha kim sot trit

- Cht thi rn gm cc phn t b v rc y t

- Mt s tc nhn lin quan n mi trng lao ng trong nh my nh ting n,

nhit cao trong bung my.

CHNG V
CC BIN PHP HN CH TC NG TIU CC MI TRNG
CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG CA NH
MY XI MNG H TIN 2
III.) Cc bin php hn ch tc ng tiu cc ti mi trng
nh my hot ng v pht trin bn vng nhng tc ng tiu cc ca
cng ty cn c hn ch bng nhng gii php thch hp v thc hin cc
bin php ny l nhim v bt buc phi thc hin ca cng ty H Tin 2 cn
phi thc hin trong sut qu trnh hot ng
6. nh hng quy hoch th trn Kin Lng
nh hng pht trin th trn ch yu l hng ng v hng nam hng v
Hn t v Rch Gi. a hnh bng phng trnh c hng gi chnh a bi
t nh my xi mng v. Khu vc hng bc khng c ch nhiu do b nhim
nng v giao thng bt li. Hng Ty cng khng u tin pht trin v gi
hnh lang an ton gia cc nh my v khu dn c trn 5 km
7. Quy hoch k thut
o Mng li thot nc ma
Nh my c th dn nc ma trc tip xung knh Ba Hn qua cc
tuyn cng sau khi nc ma chy qua khu vc nh my khng cha
cc cht nhim c bit
o Giao thng vn ti
 Bn cnh cc c im t nhin v nguyn liu quyt nh hnh thnh khu
cng nghip vt liu xy dng l giao thng thy b
Trong tng lai gn knh Rch Gi Ba Hn s c no vt thng xuyn.
on bn xut nhp ca nh my cn c gii php no vt hp l trnh n tc
giao thng
8. Quy hoch cp nc

Cho n nay khu vc Kin Lng vn cha c quy hoch cp nc chi tit. Vic
cp nc cho c th trn ph thuc vo vic cp nc v tr ca h 2 triu m 3 ca
nh my. Trong nhng nm ti ti th trn ch yu vi ngun nc cp mi ch c
nh hng
Hon chnh b cha nc khu vc nh my vi cng sut 4000m3/ ngy
Lp t h thng cp nc bng ng 200 cho khu dn c di 1840 m
Xy dng i nc mi l
Nh vy cng ty phi hon thin v ci to h thng cp nc ca mnh t yu
cu
9. Thot nc thi
H thng thot nc trong khu cng nghip c t chc theo 1 bc l nc
thi thu gom v x l ngay trong nh my loi b cc cht nhim c
bit. Trc khi thi ra mi trng cht lng nc thi phi t QCVN 24
2009 trc khi nc thi vo ngun tip nhn ch yu l knh Ba Hn
Vy cng ty cn sa cha, duy tr hot ng ca h thng hin c v xy dng
thm m bo kh nng x l nc thi nh my t quy chun ngun nhn
loi B trc khi a vo knh Ba Hn vo ma ma
Phng n nh vy ph hp vi quy hoch ca th trn Kin Lng l thu
ton b nc thi c x l cc b chy vo knh Cng Tra v knh Rch
Gi ng thi chng nhim mi trng cho h ao quanh th trn knh Ba
Hn
10. Lut mi trng v chuyn giao cng ngh
Cng ty xi mng H Tin ra i v vn hnh vo thi im trc Lut Mi trng
v Php lnh chuyn giao cng ngh nc ngoi vo Vit Nam v cc ngh nh,
thng t hng dn chi tit vic thc hin. V th nh my cn phi ci tin nng
cao trnh cng ngh sn xut, khai thc hp l cc ngun nguyn liu, mua bn
cng ngh phi m bo
Khng gy nhng tc ng lm nh hng hoc a n hu qu xu cho mi
trng nh nhim ngun nc, khng kh, h sinh thi v lm nh hng n
mi trng dn c v mt vn ha x hi
p ng yu cu v an ton lao ng iu kin lao ng
p dng cc bin php gim thiu nhim l iu kin tin quyt nh my c
th hot ng lu di
IV.) Cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng
2.1. Cc bin php khng ch nhim do hot ng ca d n
2.1.1. phng php kim sot nhim
thc hin gim thiu nhim bi, d n cn thc hin cc bin php tng hp
t vic la chon kiu thit b sn xut trn c s p dng cc tin b k thut nhm
khng ch s pht sinh bi trong qu trnh gia cng ch bin kt hp vi s dng
cc thit b kh bi chuyn dng t hiu qu kh bi ti a
Cc bin php p dng gm:
Ti cc trm p vi, p t st, p ph gia phi trang b cc thit b loc bi
cng sut ln hn ch ti a vic sinh bi ca qu trnh tip nhn v p
nguyn liu, m bo hm lng bi trong kh thi 50 mg/Nm3
Ti cc cng on : nghin phi liu, nghin xi mng, nghin than, s dng my
nghin ng l thit b tin b k thut c kn cao nn kh pht sinh bi ra mi
trng. ng thi thu hi sn phm sau khi nghin v kh bi trong kh thi
ca qu trnh nghin c s dng loc bi in v loc bi ti cng sut ln m bo
hm lng bi trong kh thi 50 mg/Nm3
Tn dng kh thi ca l nung sy khi nghin phi liu, tn dng kh thi trong
qu trnh lm ngui clanhke sy khi nghin than hn ch ti a s nh hng
ca bi trong kh thi ca h thng l nung
Kh thi trong qu trnh lm ngui clanhke c s l bi bng thit b loc bi trong
iu kin kh thi nng n 180 0c
S dng thit b v chuyn mng kh ng l thit b hon ton kn, khng gy bi
ti cc cng on nghin xi mng, vn chuyn xi mng bt n si l xi mng v
vn chuyn xi mng bt t si l xi mng n nh dng bao
S dng cc ti loc bi c cng sut thch hp ti nh my ng bao xi mng
kh bi cho my ng bao, im gu nng v cc v tr pht sinh bi trong qu
trnh ng bao xi mng.
Bao che kn bng ti nhng v tr vn chuyn nguyn liu dng cc cn thit hn
ch bi
B tr loc bi tt c cc v tr phta sinh bi ca cc cng on sn xut m
bo nng bi trong kh thi 50 mg/Nm3
S dng ng khi kh thi l nung cao trn 90 m, ng khi nh nghin than cao
35m, v ng khi cho thit b lm ngui clanhke ca0 25m pht tn bi nhm
m bo nng bi cho php theo QCVN 23 -2009
Kh thi ra trong qu trnh t than c cha cc cht nhim chnh l: bi, SOx,
NOx, v COxKh SOx c hp th trong qu trnh nung clinker nhit 800
1000 0c bi xit kim loi kim th nh CaO to thnh CaSO4 v CaSO3 nng
NOx v SOx trong kh thi phi thp tiu chun cho php. Nng SOx, NOx v COx
s c pha long bi ng khi c chiu cao 80 90 m
2.2.2. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim ngun nc
o Xy dng h thng thot nc
Bin php gim thiu nhim nc tin v c hiu qu cao l t chc hp l h
thng thot nc. H thng thot nc trong nh my l h thng thot nc
ring trong :
Nc ma chy theo cc mng xy, tm an, dc trung bnh khong 2% .
Do vy, cc tuyn ng c b tr ngn, sau cc trn ma cn m tm an
kim tra, no vt li cng v mng, v xy dng h thu ct nc x nc ma
ra mi trng.
Nc thi cc khu v sinh sau khi qua b t hoi cng vi nc thi tm ra
git gi ca cn b cng nhn nh my chy vo mng li thot nc thi sn
xut v trm x l nc thi tp trung
Nc lm ngui thit b c thu hi lm mt, loc s b s dng li vng
cp nc tun hon
X l s b nc thi sinh hot
Nc thi sinh hot thng c x l bng cc phng php sinh hoc, Ty
thuc vo lu lng, phng thc thu gom v iu kin mt bng m ngi ta
chon cc phng php thch hp c th. Phng php c s dng nhiu nht
(v hiu qu) hin nc ta x l nc thi cc h gia nh, cc c quan,
cm dn c l b t hoi. Vai tr ca b t hoi l lng cc cht rn,phn hy
ym kh cc cht hu c v cha cn. B t hoi c kh nng chu ti trong
thay i v ln khng i hi bo tr c bit. Hiu sut x l lm gim trn
70% BOD so vi u vo. Phng php ny rt thch hp vi iu kin hin
nay nc ta khi cha c kh nng thu gom ton b lng nc thi trong khu
vc xy dng cc nh my x l nc thi vi quy m ln
X l nc thi v sinh khu vc sn xut, kho bi v bn tu
Do c trng ca cng ngh sn xut xi mng, nc thi sn xut khng cha
cc cht nhim c c tnh cao v ti lng cc cht hu c thp. Thnh phn
nhim chnh trong nc thi l cc cht rn l lng, t , ct v cc cht v
c. Do vy c th thit k h thng x l n gin, ch yu l x l c hoc.
Nc thi sau khi qua h thng h ga hoc c lm mt x ra knh theo h
thng cng thot nc sch s, c th kim sot v lm v sinh nh k
Bin php x l nc thi c cha du
X l nc thi c cha du trn b
Khu vc c nguy c nhim du do nc ma chy trn phi c h thng thu
gom ring. H thng ny ng thi c s dng thot nc thi nhim du
nc ra sn vm sinh thit b bc d, cc xng thit b, du thi Ton b
lng nc ny phi c dn n h thng tch du trc khi x ra ngoi.
Thit b tch du x l nc x y cc bn cha du v nc ma chy
trn cn lp t nhng ch cn thit.
H thng phn ly du c th xy bng vt liu b tng c nh ti im gom
loi nc chy ny hoc c th lp t cc thit b tch du ri c cng sut v
hiu sut cao
Trc mt cc h phn tch du n gin ( nhiu cp) cn c xy dng.
Kinh nghim nhiu nh my c nc thi cha lng du ln TP H Ch
Minh nh du n Tng An, Nh my hin c mt h thng tch du xy
dng 4 nm v trc c th khi phc hoc ci to li
Lng du thu gom li c bm vo thng cha v c th ti sinh s dng
lm nhin liu t. Cn du sinh ra c x l bng cch hp ng thu gom
vi cng ty v sinh a phng chn lp bi chn lp bi rc cng
nghip hay lam nhin liu
X l nc dn tu thuyn nhim du
Trong trng hp nc dn tu thuyn v nc thi nhim du c x l v
kim tra trn x lan, trong thi gian lu ti bn xut nhp cn c bm thu
gom theo h thng thot nc cha du trn b
Bin php chng nc chy trn
Nc ma chy trn c quy c l nc sch v c th thi b trc tip vo
h thng thot nc chung ra sng sau khi c ngn v tch du hoc cc
cht bn c kch thc ln
Do nc ma ch cha mt lng nh cht nhim, nn nh my c th xy
dng h thng thot nc na ring. H thng ny c vn hnh trn nguyn
tc dng gings trn tch nc ma t u vo h thng x l nc thi; nc
ma t sau coi nh sch c th x thng vo sng. H thng ny cn c
kim tra thit k da trn s liu v o c c lng ma trong mi nm tr
li y vi cc yu cu:
Thot nhanh
Kh nng tch du hoc/ vi cc cht nhim khc trc khi thi ra sng
H thng ny mang tnh kh thi bi v tr cng ty ven knh Ba Hn
Phng php gim thiu nhim khng kh
S dng cc k thut x l nhim bi ph hp
Pht tn bi c th gim thiu bng cch ngn chn v x l. Cc gii php v
x l thng c gi thnh thp hn ngn chn. Vic loc bi c phn thnh 3
cp (a) Cp th : ch loc c cc ht bi c ng knh ln hn 100 m, qu
trnh loc s b nm trong cp ny. (b) Cp trung bnh ; Loc c cc ht bi
nh hn 100m, nng bi sau loc 30 50 mg/ m3. (c) Cp tinh ; loc c
bi c ng knh nh hn 10 m, nng bi sau khi loc cn 1 -3 mg/ m3
Cc phng php x l nhim bi c th la chon p dng
Tch bi qun tnh
Da trn nguyn tc qun tnh tch ht bi khi kh mang. Thit b tch
qun tnh thng dng s l s b tch cc ht bi th hoc c kch thc
trung bnh bao gm cc loi bung lng bi cyclone ly tm. Bung lng l
ngn lng bi c kt cu ng dn kh hot ng di nguyn tc trong lc.
Xyclon l thit b thit b thu bi ly tm c gi thnh v chi ph vn hnh h
thng dng loi bi c kch thc 10 100 m. H s hiu qu loc ca
xyclon in hnh thp hn 70% so vi loc tnh in v bung lng. Trong khi
cc thit b sau c kh nng loi b ti 99.9% v hn na. Chnh v vy
xyclon thng c chung ng dn kh vo, ra v thng cha bi cch ny
tng hiu sut loc b n 95%.
Lng tnh in (ESP)
o X l nc thi
Nc thi sn xut v nc thi sinh hot c x l chung ti trm x l nc
tp trung. i vi cc cm nh cn b cng nhn vin khu vc c lp, nc
thi t khu v sinh c x l s b ti b t hoi.
Nc thi t cc qu trnh lm ngui thit b x l trong cc b lm ngui
( gim nhit xung 30 0c ), sau tch du v lng cn ti b lng. Nc sau
khi x l v trm bm cng nc b xung quay v lm ngui my v thit b.
Phn ln nc thi sinh hot, nc thi cng ngh v nc thi v sinh cng
nghip c x l bng phng php sinh hoc ti trm x l tp trung trc
khi x ra mng thot nc chy ra mi trng
Cc ph thi rn trong nc thi sinh hot phn ln c tch t b t hoi
trc khi a v trm x l tp trung.
Nc thi cng nghp v v sinh cng nghip c lng v tch du m ti b
lng s b trong khu vc sn xut trc khi x l chung vi nc thi sinh
hot
 Hn hp nc thi sinh hot v nc thi sn xut c x l bng phng
php sinh hoc Aeroten v lng t II
Nc thi ca nh my sau qu trnh x l sinh hoc cn p ng c yu cu
cht lng nc thi khu cng nghip v c php x thi theo QCVN 24 -2009
2.2.3. Cc gii php khc nhm gim thiu nhim v lm p cnh quan mi
trng nh my xi mng
Khng ch nhim tin n v rung
chng rung cho thit b, ngay t trong qu trnh thit k nh my cn thc hin
cc bin php sau :
Mng my c khi lng, s dng b tng mc cao, tng chiu su mng, o
rnh ct kh trnh rung theo mt nn.
Lp t m cao su v l so chng rung i vi cc thit b c cng sut ln.
Kim tra s cn bng ca my khi lp t, Kim tra mn ca cc chi tit v du
bi trn thng k.
Nhng ch iu hnh sn xut cn c cch m
han ch nh hng nhim ting n cho ngi cng nhn trc tip lm vic,
vn hnh trong cc cng oan sn xut ca nh my cn p dng cc bin php
gim thiu nhim ti a nh:
Ti ni pht sinh cng m ln (my p, nghin) ng dng bin php xy
dng chng n thch hp trnh lan truyn ra xung quanh.
Cc qut cng ngh v phc v cng ngh u trang b b phn chng rung.
Cc bung iu khin, v tr vn hnh, hnh lang c thit k hoc t nhng
ni mc n ti a khng vt qu 70 dBA khi ton b cc thit b hot ng
o Ci thin cc yu t kh hu trong nh my
Yu t vi kh hu nh hng trc tip n sc khe ca cn b, cng nhn vin
lm vic trong nh my. gim nh cc cht nhim gy ra cho con ngi
v mi trng, cc bin php h tr cng gp phn hn ch nhim v ci to
mi trng.
Thit k nh xng m bo thng thong v chng nng.
gim nh nhim nhit, nh my p dng cc gii php thng gi t nhin
hoc kt hp vi thng gi c kh gii quyt tt mi trng lm vic ca
ngi cng nhn
Quy hoch khu vc thi cht thi rn sinh hot ph hp, nhm trnh mi hi
do cc cht phn hy gy ra
 Xy dng ng ni b kin c, nhm gim bi bc ln do xe chy trn ng
V sinh nh xng kho bi s c duy tr thng xuyn, nhm thu gom ton
b nguyn liu, sn phm ri vi trong phm vi ca nh my v to ra mi
trng hot ng tt, d chu
Phun nc trn ng ni b v ma nng v ma hanh kh chng bc bi
t mt ng.
Trng cy xanh xung quanh nh my che nng, gim lng bc x mt tri,
ting n v bi pht tn ra bn ngoi nh my, ng thi cn to thm m v
cnh quan mi trng. T l din tch t trng cy xanh trong nh my t
15% tr ln
Cung cp nc ung gii nhit cho cng nhn
Khai thc m theo ng quy hoch, c ch ti to mi trng , mi sinh sau
khi khai thc bng cch san lp, trng cy xanh
o Phng chng tc nhn nhim
Phng chy n: trong nh my chy n c th xy ra do s dng
nhin liu ( du DO, than ) cc l t ph v l nung; mng li
cung cp v dn in, h thng ng dn du . V ma ma d xy
ra chy n do st nh. m bo an ton nh my s p dng cc
bin php nh sau:
Thit k b tr trm xng du, kho thuc n phi m bo cc tiu chun k
thut phng chy cha chy v c tha thun ca c quan phng chy cha
chy, xy dng phng n phng chng chy n v ni quy an ton v chy n
Phng chng s c khu vc phng th nghim, phng iu khin:
Xy dng ni quy an ton phng th nghim, phng iu khin v ph bin cho
cn b cng nhn vin lm vic
Phng th ngim c lp t cc h thng thng gi chung v h thng thng
gi cc b ti cc ngun pht sinh cht c hi
Phng chng s c thit b loc bi tnh in
i vi cc thit b loc bi tnh in khi nhit cao, hm lng kh CO v O2
trong kh thi cao c th xy mt an ton v hiu sut loc bi km hiu qu, v vy
phi kim sot bng cc thit b t ng kim tra gim st cc thng s nh:
Kim sot nhit kh, hm lng kh CO v O2 ca kh thi trc vo thit b loc
bi tnh in, ng thi kim sot nng bi trong kh thi sau khi qua khi qua
loc bi in. V sinh bo dng nh k thit b theo ng quy trnh hng dn
ca nh ch to
Ch vn hnh iu khin hon ton t ng theo chng trnh c lp sn
m bo ch vn hnh ti u
Th vn hnh thit b phi c o to c bn, vn hnh dung theo quy trnh,
hng dn ca nh cung cp thit b
Cc bin php khc
Gio dc thc v sinh mi trng v v sinh cg nghip cho cn b cng nhn
vin nh my. Thc hin thng xuyn v c khoa hoc cc chng trnh v sinh,
qun l cht thi cng ty.
Cng vi cc b phn khc trong khu vc tham gia thc hin k hoch hn ch ti
a cc cht nhim, bo v mi trng theo cc quy nh v hng dn chung ca
cc cp chuyn mn v thm quyn ca tnh
Thc hin kim tra sc khe, kim tra y t nh k cho cn b cng nhn vin nh
my
2.2.4. Gii php gim thiu cc tc ng kinh t - x hi
Nhng v tr s dng t canh tc v di chuyn dn th phi c k hoch thng tin,
tuyn truyn, n b tha ng. Phi ch l n nguyn vong ca dn, tn trong
tp qun sinh hot, ngnh ngh sinh sng ca ho. To cc iu kin v phng tin
ngi dn an tm di chuyn v sm n nh cuc sng ti khu vc mi
C chnh sch mi vi nhng ngi di chuyn t ni khc n sng v lm vic
trong khu cng nghip. m bo cung cp y in, nc lng thc, thc
phm cng nh nh ca ho ha nhp c vi cng ng v n nh x hi
C k hoch tng cng xy dng trng hoc, h thng thng tin truyn thng,
xy dng cc khu vn ha v vui chi giair tr
Xy dng trm y t vi trang thit b cn thit, vi cc cn b y t c trnh ,
nhm phng nga bnh dch, cha bnh v bo v tt sc khe cho lc lng lao
ng ca nh my
Phi c cc phng tin d bo, cp cu khi xy ra s c mi trng

CHNG VI
Tham Vn Kin Cng ng
Trong qu trnh lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng, ban qun l d n
cng vi n v t vn tin hnh ly kin tham vn cng ng khu vc thc hin
d n khai thc. Ban qun l d n thng bo v nhng ni dung chnh ca d
n nh quy m cng sut, cng ngh khai thc, cc ngun gy nhim v cc bin
php khc phc x l gim thiu nhng tc ng xu ti mi trng, xin kin
ca y Ban Nhn Dn, Hi ng Nhn Dn huyn Kin Lng tnh Kin Giang
v i din ngi dn quanh khu vc d n v nhng ni dung ny. Nhng ni
dung chnh m ban qun l d n cp xin kin tham vn bao gm:
1.D n tc ng n kinh t - x hi:
- Thc y s pht trin kinh t - x hi
- Lm chm qu trnh pht trin kinh t - x hi
- Nhng tc ng khc
2. D n xy dng nh my xi mng tc ng n y t, sc khe, gio dc,
vn ha, di tch lch s
3. D n xy dng nh my xi mng tc ng ti i sng, vic lm v thu
nhp ca nhn dn.
4. D n xy dng nh my xi mng tc ng ti v sinh mi trng ca
cng ng.
T nhng ni dung trn y Ban Nhn Dn, Hi ng Nhn Dn huyn Kin
Lng tnh Kin Giang v i din ngi dn cho kin v vic xy dng v
m rng quy m nh my
KT LUN CHUNG

1. Vi nng lc sn xut to ln v iu kin thun li v v tr v ngun

nguyn liu Cng Ty Xi mng H Tin 2 v ang gp phn ng k cho pht
trin KT-XH cho tnh Kin Giang.

2. Quy m sn xut ca Cng ty rt ln, vi dy chuyn sn xut khp kn

gm nhiu cng on t khu khai thc nguyn vt liu n sn phm cui cng l
xi mng. Do vic khng ch nhim mi trng cc hot ng ca Cng ty rt
phc tp v i hi t l u t ng k.

3. Kt qu kho st v cc thng s o c, tnh ton trong nghin cu TM

ny cho thy hot ng ca Cng ty lm ny sinh mt s vn mi trng cp
bch cn gii quyt hoc phi c bin php hn ch. Nhng vn quan trong nht
bao gm:

- Mc nhim bi cao. Nguyn nhn chnh l do khi thi t dy chuyn

sn xut clinker phng php t v bi pht tn t hu ht cc bng ti h vn
chuyn nguyn liu v sn phm ca Cng ty.

- Nguy c tng nhim ngun nc do du thi, nc thi ca Cng ty; v

do cng tc no vt v hot ng ca tu thuyn.
- Cng tc qun l v x l cht thi cha hp l c th lm pht tn cc cht
nhim ra mi trng.

4. ci thin tnh trng nhim hin nay Cng ty Xi mng H Tin 2 cn

tng cng cc bin php khng ch nhim, u t thch ng cho cng tc bo
v mi trng. Cng tc ny i hi phi c k hoch, nh hng v thng
xuyn. Trc mt Cng ty nn u t thc hin ngay nhng vic sau:

- Lp t b xung h thng loc bi tnh in v loc bi tay o vo nhng v tr

xung yu. Nng cp h thng bng ti h hin ny thnh h kn nht l i vi
nhng bng ti vn chuyn clinker v xi mng.

- Xy dng, sa cha h thng thu gom x l nc thi, ch c bit n vn

tch du v lng cn. Nghin cu phng n x l cn du hp l.

- Quy hoch cng tc thu gom v x l cht thi. Thit lp bi chn lp rc c

khng ch ti a im thch hp ca Cng ty.

- Nh my cn nghin cu cc bin php thc thi nht bo v mi trng khi Th

trn m rng v pht trin.

5. tng cng cng tc bo v mi trng ngoi cc bin php k thut

trnh by trong bo co Cng ty nn p dng cc bin php hnh chnh v gio dc
mi trng cho cn b cng nhn vin. B sung nhn lc v chc nng cho Ban
an ton. Cng ty phi c trch nhim phi hp, h tr S Khoa hoc Cng ngh v
Mi trng tnh Kin Giang thc hin cng tc gim st nhim mi trng trong
khu vc.

6. Vi li ch KT-XH to ln ca Cng ty Xi Mng H Tin 2, v s pht

trin ca Cng ty bn vng ngh cc c quan chc nng xem xt to iu kin
thun li cho Cng ty thc hin tt cc bin php bo v mi trng.