Quy Pham Trang Bi Dien - Phan I 11TCN - 18 - 2006 PDF

Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam
B cng nghip
Phn I
Quy nh chung
11 TCN - 18 - 2006
H Ni - 2006
Mc lc
Phn I
Quy nh chung
Chng I.1
Phn chung
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha ...................................................... Trang 1
Ch dn chung v trang b in ................................................................15
u cng trnh in vo h thng in ................................................... 20
Chng I.2
Li in v cung cp in
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha .............................................................. 22
Yu cu chung ....................................................................................... 23
Loi h tiu th in, tin cy cung cp in ..................................... 26
S cung cp in ............................................................................... 27
Cht lng in p v iu chnh in p .............................................. 29
Li in thnh ph in p n 35 kV ................................................ 30
Chng I.3
chn tit din dy dn
Phm vi p dng ..................................................................................... 33
Chn dy dn theo mt dng in kinh t ......................................... 33
Chn dy dn theo tn tht in p cho php ......................................... 36
Chn dy dn theo pht nng cho php ............................................. 36
Dng in lu di cho php ca cp lc ............................................. 44
Dng in lu di cho php i vi dy dn
v thanh dn trn.......................................................................................54
Chn dy dn theo iu kin vng quang .............................................. 61
Chn dy chng st ................................................................................ 62
Chng I.4
chn thit b in v dy dn theo
iu kin ngn mch
Phm vi p dng ..................................................................................... 63
Yu cu chung ........................................................................................ 63
Xc nh dng in ngn mch chn thit b v dy dn .................. 65
Chn dy dn v cch in, kim tra kt cu chu lc theo
lc in ng ca dng in ngn mch ................................................ 66
Chn dy dn theo iu kin pht nng khi ngn mch ......................... 67
Chn thit b in theo kh nng ng ct ..............................................68
Chng I.5
m in nng
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha .............................................................. 69
Yu cu chung ....................................................................................... 69
V tr t cng t .................................................................................... 70
Yu cu i vi cng t ............................................................................ 72
m in nng qua my bin in o lng ......................................... 73
t v u dy vo cng t .................................................................... 75
Cng t kim tra (k thut) .................................................................... 77
Chng I.6
o in
Phm vi p dng ..................................................................................... 78
Yu cu chung ........................................................................................ 78
o dng in .......................................................................................... 79
o in p v kim tra cch in ............................................................ 81
o cng sut ........................................................................................... 82
o tn s ................................................................................................. 83
o lng khi ho ng b ...................................................................... 84
t dng c o in ................................................................................ 84
Chng I.7
Ni t
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha ............................................................... 85
Yu cu chung ......................................................................................... 87
Nhng b phn phi ni t .................................................................... 90
Nhng b phn khng phi ni t ......................................................... 91
Ni t thit b in in p trn 1kV
trung tnh ni t hiu qu ..................... ................................................ 92
Ni t thit b in ti vng t c in tr sut ln ............................. 95
trung tnh cch ly .................................................................................... 96
Ni t thit b in in p n 1kV
trung tnh ni t trc tip ....................................................................... 97
trung tnh cch ly .................................................................................... 98
Ni t cc thit b in cm tay ............................................................ 99
Ni t cc thit b in di ng ............................................................100
Trang b ni t ......................................................................................101
Dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v .....................................................102
Ph lc I.3.1 ...........................................................................................110
Ph lc I.3.2 .......................................................................................... 113
Ph lc I.7.1 .......................................................................................... 116
Ph lc I.7.2 ........................................................................................... 117
Phn I: Quy nh chung
PHN I
QUY NH CHUNG
Chng I.1
PHN CHUNG
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha
I.1.1. Quy phm trang b in (QT) p dng cho cc cng trnh in xy mi v ci

to, in p n 500kV, tr cc cng trnh in chuyn dng.
I.1.2. Trang b in l tp hp v kt ni cc thit b in dng sn xut, bin i,

truyn ti, phn phi v tiu th in nng. Cc trang b in trong quy phm ny
c chia thnh 2 loi:
Loi c in p n 1kV
Loi c in p trn 1kV
I.1.3. Trang b in ngoi tri bao gm cc thit b in c lp t ngoi tri.
Trang b in ngoi tri kiu h: bao gm cc thit b in khng c bo

v chng tip xc trc tip v khng c che chn, ngn nga tc ng
ca mi trng.
Trang b in ngoi tri kiu kn: bao gm cc thit b in c v bc chng

tip xc trc tip v tc ng ca mi trng.
I.1.4. Trang b in trong nh: bao gm cc thit b in c lp t trong nh hoc

phng kn.
Trang b in trong nh kiu h: bao gm cc thit b in khng c bo v

hon ton chng tip xc trc tip.
Trang b in trong nh kiu kn: bao gm cc thit b c bo v hon ton

chng tip xc trc tip.
Quy phm trang b in Trang 1

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.1.5. Gian in l gian nh hoc phn ca gian nh c ngn ring t thit b

in v/hoc t bng in.
I.1.6. Gian kh l gian c m tng i khng vt qu 75%. Khi khng c nhng

iu kin nu trong cc iu I.1.9, 10, 11 th gian gi l gian bnh thng.
I.1.7. Gian m l gian c m tng i vt qu 75%.
I.1.8. Gian rt m l gian c m tng i xp x 100% (trn, tng, sn nh v

vt trong nh ng nc).
I.1.9. Gian nng l gian c nhit vt qu +35oC trong thi gian lin tc hn 24
gi.
I.1.10. Gian hoc ni bi l gian hoc ni c nhiu bi.

Gian hoc ni bi c chia thnh gian hoc ni c bi dn in v gian hoc
ni c bi khng dn in.
I.1.11. Ni c mi trng hot tnh ho hc l ni thng xuyn hoc trong thi gian
di c cha hi, kh, cht lng c th to ra cc cht, nm mc dn n ph
hng phn cch in v/hoc phn dn in ca thit b in.
I.1.12. Cn c vo mc nguy him do dng in gy ra i vi ngi, cc gian

hoc ni t thit b in c chia thnh:
1. Gian hoc ni nguy him l gian hoc ni c mt trong nhng yu t sau:
a. m hoc bi dn in (xem iu I.1.7 v iu I.1.10).
b. Nn, sn nh dn in (bng kim loi, t, b tng, ct thp, gch v.v.).
c. Nhit cao (xem iu I.1.9).
d. C kh nng ngi tip xc ng thi mt bn l kt cu kim loi ca
nh ca hoc thit b cng ngh, my mc v.v. ni t, v mt bn l v kim
loi ca thit b in.
e. C cng in trng ln hn mc cho php.
2. Gian hoc ni rt nguy him l gian hoc ni c mt trong nhng yu t sau:
a. Rt m (xem iu I.1.8).

Phn I: Quy nh chung
b. Mi trng hot tnh ho hc (xem iu I.1.11).

c. ng thi c hai yu t ca gian nguy him.
3. Gian hoc ni t nguy him l gian hoc ni khng thuc hai loi trn.
I.1.13. Mc n: Khi xy mi hoc ci to cc cng trnh in cn p dng cc bin php

gim ting n, m bo khng vt qu mc cho php theo bng I.1.1 v bng
I.1.2.
Cc bin php gim ting n gm:
Bin php k thut: thit k cng nghip, cch ly, c lp ngun n, s dng
quy trnh cng ngh c mc n thp, cc thit b in c cng sut m thp.
Bin php m hc trong xy dng: dng vt liu cch m hoc tiu m.
ng dng iu khin t xa, t ng ho.
I.1.14. Bc x mt tri: Trang thit b in t trong nh c th b qua nh hng ca

bc x mt tri. Tuy nhin trong mt s trng hp c bit, thit b v tr c
cng bc x chiu vo th cn ch n nhit b mt tng cao.
Thit b in t ngoi tri cn c nhng bin php c bit m bo nhit

lm vic ca thit b khng vt qu nhit cho php.
I.1.15. R kh SF6
Trong gian in c cc thit b cha kh SF6 b tr pha trn hoc mt t, yu

cu mt na din tch cc l thng hi phi nm gn mt t. Nu khng t
yu cu trn cn phi c thng gi cng bc.
Trong gian in c cc thit b cha kh SF6 t di mt t th cn phi thng

gi cng bc nu lng kh thot ra nh hng ti sc kho v an ton ca
con ngi. Cc phng, ng dn, hm v.v. di v thng vi gian c thit b
s dng kh SF6 cng cn phi thng gi.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.1.1: Mc n ti a cho php khu vc cng cng v dn c (n v dB):
Thi gian
Khu vc T 6h n Trn 18h n Trn 22h n
18h 22h 6h
Khu vc cn c bit yn tnh nh:

Bnh vin, trng hc, th vin, nh
50 45 40
iu dng, nh tr, nh th, n
cha
Khu dn c, khch sn, nh ngh, c

60 55 50
quan hnh chnh
Khu dn c xen k trong khu vc

75 70 50
thng mi, dch v sn xut
I.1.16. R du cch in
My bin p hoc khng in c du phi c b cha du ring hoc kt hp b

cha du ring vi h thu gom du chung.
Vi cc thit b in trong nh c th dng sn nh khng thm c g cao
s dng nh mt h gom du nu c s my bin p khng ln hn 3 v lng
du cha trong mi my t hn 1.000 lt.
Vi cc thit b in t ngoi tri c th khng cn h thu du nu my bin
p cha du t hn 1.000 lt. iu ny khng p dng cho nhng vng thu gom
nc v/hoc nhng vng c ngun nc c bo v.
i vi cc trm phn phi t ngoi tri c my bin p treo trn ct khng cn
b tr b cha du.
I.1.17. Thit b in kiu ngm du l thit b c b phn ngm trong du trnh tip
xc vi mi trng xung quanh, tng cng cch in, lm mt v/hoc dp
h quang.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.1.2: Mc p sut m ti mt s v tr lm vic
Mc p Mc m cc cta di trung tn [Hz],

sut m khng qu [dB]
tng
V tr lm vic ng,
khng 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000
qu,
[dBA]
Ti v tr lm vic,
85 99 92 86 83 80 78 76 74
sn xut
Phng iu khin t
xa, cc phng th
80 94 87 82 78 75 73 71 70
nghim, thc nghim
c ngun n
Phng iu khin t
xa, cc phng th
nghim, thc 70 87 79 72 68 65 63 61 59
nghim khng c
ngun n
Cc phng chc nng
(k ton, k hoch, 65 83 74 68 63 60 57 55 54
thng k v.v.)
Cc phng nghin
cu, thit k, my 55 75 66 59 54 50 47 45 43
tnh v x l s liu
I.1.18. Thit b in kiu chng chy n l my in hoc kh c in c php dng

nhng ni c mi trng d chy n mi cp.
I.1.19. Vt liu k thut in l nhng vt liu c cc tnh cht xc nh i vi trng

in t s dng trong k thut in.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.1.20. Theo tnh cht l hc, vt liu k thut in c chia thnh:

1. Vt liu chu la l vt liu khng chy hoc khng ho thnh than, cn khi
b t th khng t tip tc chy hoc khng chy m .
2. Vt liu chu h quang l vt liu khng thay i tnh cht di tc ng ca
h quang trong iu kin lm vic bnh thng.
3. Vt liu chu m l vt liu khng thay i tnh cht di tc ng ca m.
4. Vt liu chu nhit l vt liu khng thay i tnh cht di tc ng ca
nhit cao hoc thp.
5. Vt liu chu ho cht l vt liu khng thay i tnh cht di tc ng ca ho
cht.
I.1.21. Theo bc chu la, vt liu v kt cu xy dng c chia thnh 3 nhm nu

trong bng I.1.3.
I.1.22. in p danh nh ca h thng in (Nominal voltage of a system)

Mt gi tr in p thch hp c dng nh r hoc nhn dng mt h
thng in.
I.1.23. Gi tr nh mc (Rated value)

Gi tr ca mt i lng, thng do nh ch to n nh cho iu kin vn
hnh quy nh i vi mt phn t, mt thit b hoc dng c.
I.1.24. in p vn hnh h thng in (Operating voltage in a system)

Tr s in p trong iu kin bnh thng, mt thi im v ti mt im
cho ca h thng in.
I.1.25. in p cao nht (hoc thp nht) ca h thng (Highest (lowest) voltage of a
system)
Tr s in p vn hnh cao nht (hoc thp nht) trong cc iu kin vn hnh
bnh thng bt k thi im no v ti bt k im no trong h thng.
I.1.26. in p cao nht i vi thit b (Highest voltage for equipment)

Tr s cao nht ca in p pha - pha, theo cch in v cc c tnh lin
quan khc ca thit b c thit k bo m in p ny v nhng tiu
chun tng ng.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.1.3: Phn loi kt cu xy dng theo bc chu la
Chia nhm theo Mc chy ca vt liu Mc chy ca cu kin

mc chy
Di tc ng ca ngn la hay Cu kin lm bng cc vt
Nhm nhit cao m vt liu khng liu khng chy v c mc
khng chy bc chy, khng chy m , chy nh ca vt liu khng
khng b ccbon ho. chy.
Di tc ng ca ngn la hay Cu kin lm bng vt liu
nhit cao th kh bc chy, kh chy hoc vt liu d
Nhm kh chy m hoc kh b chy nhng phi c lp bo v
ccbon ho; ch tip tc chy bng vt liu khng chy v
kh chy
hay chy m khi tip xc vi c mc chy nh ca vt
ngun la. Sau khi cch ly vi liu kh chy.
ngun la th ngng chy.
Di tc ng ca ngn la hay Cu kin lm bng vt liu d
nhit cao th bc chy, chy chy v khng c lp bo v
Nhm m hoc b ccbon ho v tip bng vt liu khng chy v
d chy tc chy m hoc b ccbon c mc chy nh ca vt
ho sau khi cch ly vi liu d chy.
ngun chy.
I.1.27. Cp in p (Voltage level)

Mt trong cc tr s in p danh nh c s dng trong mt h thng no
.
V d cp in p 110kV, 220kV hoc 500kV ...
I.1.28. lch in p (Voltage deviation)

lch in p th hin bng phn trm, gia in p ti mt thi im cho
ti mt im ca h thng v in p i chiu nh: in p danh nh, tr s
trung bnh ca in p vn hnh, in p cung cp theo hp ng.
I.1.29. st in p ng dy (Line voltage drop)

chnh lch in p ti mt thi im cho gia cc in p o c ti hai
im xc nh trn ng dy.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.1.30. Dao ng in p (Voltage fluctuation)

Hng lot cc thay i in p hoc s bin thin c chu k ca hnh bao in
p.
I.1.31. Qu in p (trong h thng) (Overvoltage (in a system))

Gi tr in p gia pha vi t hoc gia cc pha, c tr s nh vt qu nh
tng ng ca in p cao nht ca thit b.
I.1.32. Qu in p tm thi (Temporary overvoltage)

Mt gi tr qu in p dao ng ( tn s ca li) ti mt v tr xc nh m
khng gim c hoc tt dn trong mt thi gian tng i lu.
I.1.33. Qu in p qu (Transient overvoltage)

Qu in p din ra trong thi gian rt ngn (khong mt vi phn nghn giy
hoc t hn), c dao ng hoc khng dao ng, thng tt nhanh.
I.1.34. Dng in p (Voltage surge)

Mt sng in p qu lan truyn dc ng dy hoc mt mch in, c
c trng bi s tng in p rt nhanh, sau gim chm.
I.1.35. Phc hi in p (Voltage recovery)

S phc hi in p ti mt tr s gn vi tr s trc ca n sau khi in p
b suy gim, b sp hoc b mt.
I.1.36. S khng cn bng in p (Voltage unbalance)

Hin tng khc nhau gia in p trn cc pha, ti mt im trong h thng
nhiu pha, gy ra do s khc nhau gia cc dng in ti hoc s khng i
xng hnh hc trn ng dy.
I.1.37. Qu in p thao tc (Switching overvoltage)

in p qu c dng tng t vi dng ca xung in p ng ct tiu
chun, c nh gi cho cc mc ch phi hp cch in.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.1.38. Qu in p st (Lightning overvoltage)

Qu in p qu c hnh dng tng t vi hnh dng ca xung st tiu
chun, c nh gi cho mc ch phi hp cch in.
I.1.39. Qu in p cng hng (Resonant overvoltage)

Qu in p pht sinh do dao ng cng hng duy tr trong h thng in.
I.1.40. H s khng cn bng (Unbalance factor)

Trong h thng in ba pha, mc khng cn bng c biu th bng t s
phn trm gia tr s hiu dng ca thnh phn th t nghch (hay th t
khng) vi thnh phn th t thun ca in p hoc dng in.
I.1.41. Cp cch in (Insulation level)

L mt c tnh c xc nh bng mt hoc vi tr s ch r in p chu
ng cch in i vi mt chi tit c th ca thit b.
I.1.42. Cch in ngoi (External insulation)

Khong cch trong kh quyn v trn b mt tip xc vi khng kh ca cch
in rn ca thit b m chng chu tc ng ca ng sut in mi, nhng tc
ng ca kh quyn v cc tc ng bn ngoi khc, nh: nhim, m v.v.
I.1.43. Cch in trong (Internal insulation)

Cc phn cch in dng rn, lng hoc kh bn trong thit b c bo v
chng tc ng ca kh quyn v cc tc ng bn ngoi khc.
I.1.44. Cch in t phc hi (Self-restoring insulation)

Cch in c khi phc li hon ton nhng c tnh cch in sau khi
b phng in.
I.1.45. Cch in khng t phc hi (Non-self-restoring insulation)

Cch in b mt nhng c tnh cch in hoc khng khi phc li hon ton
nhng c tnh cch in sau khi b phng in.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.1.46. Cch in chnh (Main insulation)

Cch in ca b phn mang in c tc dng bo v chnh l chng in
git.
Cch in chnh khng nht thit bao gm phn cch in s dng ring
cho cc mc ch chc nng.
I.1.47. Cch in ph (Auxiliary insulation)

Cch in c lp c t thm vo cch in chnh bo v chng in git
trong trng hp cch in chnh b hng.
I.1.48. Cch in kp (Double insulation)

Cch in bao gm ng thi c cch in chnh v cch in ph.
I.1.49. Phi hp cch in (Insulation co-ordination)

S la chn mc cch in ca thit b v cc c tnh ca thit b bo v c
tnh n in p c th xut hin trn h thng.
I.1.50. Truyn ti in (Transmission of electricity)

Vic truyn ti mt lng in nng t ngun in ti khu vc tiu th in.
I.1.51. Phn phi in (Distribution of electricity)
Vic phn phi mt lng in nng ti khch hng trong khu vc tiu th
in.
I.1.52. Lin kt h thng in (Interconnection of power systems)

Lin kt cc h thng truyn ti in bng cc ng dy hoc my bin p,
trao i in nng gia cc h thng.
I.1.53. im u ni (Connection point)

L im ni ca n v pht in hoc li in ca ngi s dng hoc li
in truyn ti vo h thng in Quc gia.
I.1.54. S h thng in (System diagram)

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Th hin bng hnh hc v b tr ca mt h thng in, trong cha thng

tin cn thit cho cc yu cu c th.
I.1.55. S vn hnh h thng in (System operational diagram)

Mt s h thng in biu th mt phng thc vn hnh nht nh.
I.1.56. Quy hoch h thng in (Power system planning)

L ton b cc nghin cu v chng trnh lin quan n s pht trin ca h thng
in, bo m cc tnh nng kinh t - k thut, m bo yu cu tng
trng ph ti in.
I.1.57. n nh ca h thng in (Power system stability)

Kh nng lp li trng thi xc lp ca mt h thng in, c trng bi s vn
hnh ng b ca cc my pht sau mt nhiu lon, v d do bin thin cng
sut hoc tng tr.
I.1.58. n nh ca ti (Load stability)

Kh nng lp li ch xc lp sau mt nhiu lon ca ti.
I.1.59. n nh tnh ca h thng in (Steady state stability of a power system)

S n nh ca h thng in sau cc nhiu lon c bin tng i nh v
tc bin thin chm.
I.1.60. n nh qu (n nh ng) ca h thng in (Transient stability of a

power system)
S n nh ca h thng, trong cc nhiu lon c th c bin v/hoc tc
bin thin tng i nhanh.
I.1.61. n nh c iu kin ca h thng in (Conditional stability of a power

system)
n nh ca h thng in t c khng cn s tr gip ca cc phng tin
iu khin t ng.
I.1.62. Vn hnh ng b h thng in (Synchronous operation of a system)

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Tnh trng ca h thng in trong tt c cc my in u vn hnh ng

b.
I.1.63. Trung tm iu h thng in Quc gia (National load dispatch center)

L n v ch huy, iu hnh hot ng ca h thng in Quc gia bao gm:
lp k hoch pht in, phng thc vn hnh v thc hin iu cc t my
pht in u ni vi h thng in Quc gia, iu khin hot ng ca li
in truyn ti, iu mua bn in vi h thng in bn ngoi.
I.1.64. H thng SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition system)

L h thng gim st, iu khin v thu thp cc d liu vn hnh ca h thng
in phc v cho vic x l ti cc trung tm iu khin.
I.1.65. Tiu chun vn hnh (Operation regulation)

L nhng quy nh v cc ch tiu kinh t, tiu chun k thut, tnh ng b v
an ton, tin cy ca h thng in do c quan Nh nc c thm quyn ban
hnh phc v cho mc ch lp k hoch, lp phng thc v vn hnh h
thng in Quc gia.
I.1.66. Qun l nhu cu h thng (System demand control)

S iu hnh nhu cu in ca pha tiu th trong h thng in.
I.1.67. D bo qun l h thng in (Management forecast of a system)

S chun b v kim tra cc chng trnh pht in, tc l phn d phng v
phn vn hnh, bao gm vic phn tch s li in m bo cung cp
in kinh t nht cho nhng ph ti d kin vi mc an ton cn thit trong
khong thi gian cho, ca h thng cho, c xt n tt c cc hn ch
hin hu v tnh hung c th xy ra.
I.1.68. Tng cng h thng in (Reinforcement of a system)

B sung hoc thay th mt s thit b trong h thng in (nh my bin p,
ng dy, my pht v.v.) sao cho c kh nng p ng c s tng trng
ph ti hoc m bo cht lng cung cp in.
I.1.69. Khong cch lm vic ti thiu (Minimum working distance)

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Khong cch an ton ti thiu, trong khng kh, c duy tr gia cc b phn
mang in thng xuyn vi mt nhn vin bt k ang lm vic trong trm
hoc ang x l trc tip bng dng c dn in.
I.1.70. Khong trng cch in ti thiu (Minimum insulation clearance)

Khong cch an ton nh nht phi tun theo gia cc b phn mang in hoc
gia phn mang in vi t.
I.1.71. Khi ng lnh t my nhit in (Cold start-up thermal generating set)

Qu trnh m t my pht c tng tc , ho vo h thng mang ti sau
mt thi gian di khng vn hnh.
I.1.72. Khi ng nng t my nhit in (Hot start-up thermal generating set)

Qu trnh mt my pht c tng tc , ho vo h thng v mang ti sau
thi gian ngn khng vn hnh m cha thay i qu nhiu tnh trng nhit ca
tuabin.
I.1.73. Kh nng qu ti (Overload capacity)

Ti cao nht m c th c duy tr trong mt thi gian ngn.
I.1.74. Sa thi ph ti (Load shedding)

Qu trnh loi b mt s ph ti c la chon trc gii quyt tnh trng
bt thng nhm duy tr tnh ton vn ca h thng in cn li.
I.1.75. Cng sut sn sng ca mt t my (hoc mt nh my in) (Available

capacity of a unit (of a power station)
Cng sut ti a mt t my (hoc mt nh my in) c th vn hnh lin
tc trong nhng iu kin thc t.
I.1.76. Cng sut d phng ca mt h thng in (Reserve power of a system)

chnh lch gia cng sut tng sn sng v nhu cu cng sut ca h
thng in.
I.1.77. D phng nng (Hot stand-by)

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Cng sut tng kh dng ca cc my pht ang chy khng ti hoc non ti
pht in nhanh vo h thng.
I.1.78. D phng ngui (Cold reserve)
Cng sut tng sn sng ca cc my pht d phng m vic khi ng c th

ko di vi gi.
I.1.79. D phng s c (Outage reserve)

L cng sut d phng c th huy ng vo vn hnh trong mt khong thi
gian khng qu 24 gi.
I.1.80. D bo ph ti (Load forecast)

S c tnh ph ti ca mt li in ti mt thi im tng lai nht nh.
I.1.81. D bo cu trc pht in (Generation mix forecast)

D bo thnh phn ca h thng pht in ti mt thi im tng lai cho.
I.1.82. Ch xc lp ca h thng in (Steady state of a power system)

Nhng iu kin vn hnh ca mt li in trong cc thng s trng thi
ca h thng c coi l n nh.
I.1.83. Ch qu ca h thng in (Transient state of a power system)

Ch vn hnh ca li in trong c t nht mt thng s trng thi ang
thay i, thng thng l trong thi gian ngn.
I.1.84. Trng thi cn bng ca li in nhiu pha (Balanced state of a polyphase

network)
Trng thi trong in p v dng in trong cc dy dn pha to thnh cc
h thng nhiu pha cn bng.
I.1.85. Trng thi khng cn bng ca mt li in nhiu pha (Unbalanced state of a

polyphase network)
Trng thi m trong in p v/hoc dng in trong cc dy dn pha
khng to thnh cc h thng nhiu pha cn bng.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.1.86. tin cy cung cp in (Service reliability)

Kh nng ca mt h thng in p ng c chc nng cung cp in trong
nhng iu kin n nh, theo thi gian quy nh.
I.1.87. an ton cung cp in (Service security)

Kh nng hon thnh chc nng cung cp in ca h thng in ti mt thi
im cho trong vn hnh khi xut hin s c.
I.1.88. Phn phi kinh t ph ti (Economic loading schedule)

Vic khai thc cc thnh phn sn c ca li in sao cho t hiu qu
kinh t nht.
I.1.89. S cn bng ca li phn phi (Balancing of a distribution network)

S phn b ngun cp cho cc h tiu th cc pha khc nhau ca li phn
phi sao cho mc cn bng dng in l cao nht.
I.1.90. S phc hi ti (Load recovery)

Sau khi phc hi in p, vic tng cng sut ca h tiu th hoc h thng,
mc nhanh hoc chm ph thuc vo cc c tnh ca ti.
Ch dn chung v trang b in
I.1.91. Trong quy phm ny, mt s t c dng vi ngha nh sau:
Phi: bt buc thc hin.
Cn: cn thit, cn c nhng khng bt buc.
Nn: khng bt buc nhng thc hin th tt hn.
Thng hoc thng thng: c tnh ph bin, c s dng rng ri.
Cho php hoc c php: c thc hin, nh vy l tho ng v cn thit.
Khng nh hn hoc t nht l: l nh nht.
Khng ln hn hoc nhiu nht l: l ln nht.
T ... n ...: k c tr s u v tr s cui.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Khong cch: t im n n im kia.
Khong trng: t mp n n mp kia trong khng kh.
I.1.92. Kt cu, cng dng, phng php lp t, cp cch in ca vt liu v thit b

in phi ph hp vi in p danh nh ca li in hoc thit b in, vi
iu kin mi trng v vi nhng yu cu nu trong quy phm ny.
I.1.93. Thit b in dng trong cng trnh in phi c c tnh k thut ph hp vi

iu kin lm vic ca cng trnh.
I.1.94. Thit b ng ct in trong khng kh dng vng cao trn 1.000m so vi

mc nc bin phi c kim tra theo iu kin ng ct in p sut kh
quyn tng ng.
I.1.95. Thit b in v kt cu lin quan phi c bo v chng g v n mn bng

lp m, sn v.v. chu c tc ng ca mi trng.
Mu sc sn phi ph hp vi mu sc chung ca gian nh, kt cu xy dng

v thit b cng ngh, nu ngoi tri nn dng mu sn phn x tt.
I.1.96. Vic la chn thit b, kh c in v kt cu lin quan, ngoi cc tiu chun v

chc nng cn phi m bo cc tiu chun v m, sng mui, tc gi,
nhit mi trng xung quanh, mc ng t v.v.
I.1.97. Phn xy dng ca cng trnh (kt cu nh v cc b phn trong nh, thng
gi, cp thot nc v.v.) phi tun theo cc tiu chun, quy phm xy dng
ca Nh nc.
I.1.98. Khi xy dng cng trnh in khng c ngi trc th khng cn lm phng
iu khin, phng ph cho ngi lm vic, cng nh xng sa cha.
I.1.99. Vic thit k v chn cc phng n cho cng trnh in phi da trn c s so
snh cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut, p dng cc s n gin v tin cy,
trnh v kinh nghim khai thc, ng dng k thut mi, la chn ti u
nguyn vt liu.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.1.100. Trong cng trnh in, cn c bin php d phn bit cc phn t trong
cng b phn nh c s , lc b tr thit b, k ch, nh s hiu,
sn mu khc nhau v.v.
I.1.101. Mu sn thanh dn cng tn mi cng trnh in phi ging nhau.

Thanh dn phi sn mu nh sau:
1. i vi li in xoay chiu ba pha: pha A mu vng, pha B mu xanh l
cy, pha C mu , thanh trung tnh mu trng cho li trung tnh cch ly,
thanh trung tnh mu en cho li trung tnh ni t trc tip.
2. i vi in mt pha: dy dn ni vi im u cun dy ca ngun in
mu vng, dy ni vi im cui cun dy ca ngun mu . Nu thanh dn
ca li in mt pha r nhnh t thanh dn ca h thng ba pha th phi sn
theo mu cc pha trong li ba pha.
3. i vi li in mt chiu: thanh dng (+) mu , thanh m (-) mu
xanh, thanh trung tnh mu trng.
I.1.102. Phi b tr v sn thanh dn theo cc ch dn di y:

1. i vi thit b phn phi trong nh, in xoay chiu ba pha:
a. Khi thanh ci b tr thng ng: thanh trn (A) mu vng; thanh gia (B)
mu xanh l cy; thanh di (C) mu . Khi cc thanh b tr nm ngang, nm
nghing hoc theo hnh tam gic: thanh xa ngi nht (A) mu vng; thanh
gia (B) mu xanh l cy; thanh gn ngi nht (C) mu . Trng hp ngi
c th tip cn c t hai pha th thanh pha gn hng ro hoc tng ro (A)
mu vng, thanh xa hng ro hoc tng ro (C) mu .
b. Cc thanh r nhnh t thanh ci: nu nhn t hnh lang vn hnh, thanh tri
(A) mu vng, thanh gia (B) mu xanh l cy v thanh phi (C) mu .
2. i vi thit b phn phi ngoi tri, in xoay chiu ba pha:
a. Thanh ci v thanh ng vng: thanh gn my bin p in lc nht (A)
mu vng, thanh gia (B) mu xanh l cy, thanh xa nht (C) mu .
b. Cc thanh r nhnh t h thng thanh ci: nu nhn t thit b phn phi
ngoi tri vo cc u ra ca my bin p in lc, thanh tri (A) mu vng,
thanh gia (B) mu xanh l cy, thanh phi (C) mu .

Phn I: Quy nh chung
c. ng dy vo trm: nu nhn t ng dy vo trm, ti v tr u ni, thanh

tri (A) mu vng, thanh gia (B) mu xanh l cy, thanh phi (C) mu .
d. Thit b phn phi ngoi tri dng dy dn mm lm thanh ci th sn mu

pha chn s ca thit b hoc chm sn x mc thanh ci.
3. i vi in mt chiu:
a. Khi thanh ci b tr thng ng: thanh trn (thanh trung tnh) mu trng;
thanh gia (-) mu xanh; thanh di (+) mu .
b. Khi thanh ci b tr nm ngang: nu nhn t hnh lang vn hnh, thanh
trung tnh xa nht mu trng, thanh gia (-) mu xanh, thanh gn nht (+)
mu .
c. Cc thanh r nhnh t thanh ci: nu nhn t pha hnh lang vn hnh,
thanh tri (thanh trung tnh) mu trng, thanh gia (-) mu xanh, thanh
phi (+) mu .
d. Trng hp c bit, nu thc hin nh trn m gp kh khn v lp t
hoc phi xy thm tr gn cc thanh ci ca trm bin p lm nhim
v o pha th cho php thay i th t mu ca cc thanh.
I.1.103. cng trnh in khng gy nh hng nhiu v nguy him cho cng trnh
thng tin lin lc, phi tun theo cc tiu chun, quy phm hin hnh c lin
quan. Phi c bin php chng nhiu dng in cng nghip cho cc h thng
thng tin v vin thng.
I.1.104. Trong cng trnh in phi c cc bin php m bo an ton sau:

Dng loi cch in thch hp. Trng hp c bit phi dng cch
in tng cng.
B tr c ly thch hp n phn dn in hoc bc kn phn dn in.
Lm ro chn.
Dng kho lin ng cho kh c in v cho ro chn ngn nga
thao tc nhm.
Ct t ng tin cy v nhanh chng cch ly nhng phn thit b in b
chm chp v nhng khu vc li in b h hng.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Ni t v thit b in v mi phn t ca cng trnh in c th b

chm in.
San bng th in, dng my bin p cch ly hoc dng in p 42V tr xung.
Dng h thng bo tn hiu, bin bo v bng cm.
Dng trang b phng h.
I.1.105. i vi li in n 1kV, nhng ni do iu kin an ton khng th u
trc tip cc thit b tiu th in vo li th phi dng my bin p cch ly
hoc dng my bin p gim p c in p th cp 42V tr xung. Khi dng
cc loi my bin p trn, phi tun theo cc ch dn di y:
1. My bin p cch ly phi c kt cu an ton v chu c in p th
nghim cao hn bnh thng.
2. Mi my bin p cch ly ch c cp in cho mt thit b v c bo v
bng cu chy hoc ptmt c dng in chnh nh khng qu 15A pha
s cp. in p s cp ca my bin p cch ly khng c qu 380V.
3. Cm ni t cun dy th cp ca my bin p cch ly v thit b tiu th

in ca n. V ca my bin p ny phi c ni t.
4. My bin p gim p c in p th cp 42V tr xung c th dng lm

my bin p cch ly nu chng tho mn cc im nu trn.
My bin p gim p khng phi l my bin p cch ly th phi ni t cc

b phn sau: v my, mt trong nhng u ra hoc im gia cun dy th
cp.
I.1.106. Trong nh , nh cng cng, ca hng v.v. v hoc tm che phn mang in
khng c c l. Trong gian sn xut v gian in c php dng v hoc
tm che c l hoc kiu li.
I.1.107. Ro ngn v tm che phi c kt cu sao cho ch tho hoc m bng c l

hoc dng c ring.
I.1.108. Ro ngn v tm che phi c bn c hc. i vi thit b trn 1kV,

chiu dy ca tm che bng kim loi khng c nh hn 1mm. V che dy
dn nn a su vo trong my, thit b v dng c in.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.1.109. trnh tai nn cho ngi do dng in v h quang gy ra, mi trang b in

phi c trang b phng h ph hp vi quy phm s dng, th nghim v quy
phm an ton in.
I.1.110. Vic phng chy v cha chy cho trang b in c thit b cha du, ngm
trong du hoc tm du, sn cch in v.v. phi thc hin theo cc yu cu
nu trong cc phn tng ng ca QT v quy nh ca c quan phng
chy a phng.
Ngoi ra khi a trang b in ni trn vo sn xut, phi trang b y

phng tin cha chy theo quy nh ca quy phm phng chy v cha
chy.
u cng trnh in vo h thng in
I.1.111. Khi cng trnh in cn u vo h thng in, ngoi nhng th tc xy dng

c bn c quy nh cn phi c s tho thun ca c quan qun l h
thng in, phi tun theo cc vn bn php quy hin hnh v nhng iu kin
k thut u ni nh sau:
1. Lp phng n xy dng cng trnh trong h thng in.
2. Tng hp s liu ph ti in trong khu vc s xy dng cng trnh.
3. D kin im u vo h thng in (trm in, nh my in hoc ng

dy dn in), cp in p nhng im u, trang b ti im u ni.
4. Chn in p, tit din v chng loi ca ng dy trn khng hoc

ng cp v phng tin iu chnh in p, nu nhng yu cu v tuyn
ng dy. i vi cng trnh ln cn phi nu thm phng n chn s
mch u.
5. Nu yu cu v s cn thit phi tng cng li in hin c do u thm

cng trnh mi (tng tit din dy dn, thay th hoc tng cng sut my
bin p).

Phn I: Quy nh chung
6. Nu nhng yu cu ring i vi cc trm in v thit b ca h tiu th

in c u vo h thng nh: cn c bo v t ng cc u vo, cho
php cc ng dy lm vic song song, cn c cc ngn in d phng v.v.
7. Xc nh dng in ngn mch tnh ton.
8. Nu nhng yu cu v bo v rle, t ng, cch in, bo v chng qu

in p.
9. Nu cc bin php nng cao h s cng sut.
10. Nu cc yu cu v o m in nng.
11. Xc nh nhng iu kin u trang b in c l in, thit b in cao

tn v.v.
12. Nu nhng yu cu i vi cc cng trnh ph tr v cc cng trnh khc

(nh thng tin lin lc v.v.).
I.1.112. Cng trnh in v thit b in xy lp xong phi c th nghim,

nghim thu, bn giao v a vo khai thc theo quy nh hin hnh.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Chng I.2
LI IN V CUNG CP IN
I.2.1. Chng ny p dng cho li in ca h thng in, ca x nghip cng nghip

v thnh ph v.v.
Vic cung cp in cho cc cng trnh ngm, xe in v.v. ngoi cc yu cu nu

trong chng ny cn phi tun theo cc quy phm chuyn ngnh.
I.2.2. H thng nng lng l tp hp cc nh my in, li in v li nhit c

ni vi nhau, c lin h mt thit, lin tc trong qu trnh sn xut, bin i v
phn phi in v nhit.
I.2.3. H thng in l h thng nng lng khng c li nhit.
I.2.4. Trm in l mt phn t ca h thng in, c th l trm pht in, trm bin
p, trm ct hoc trm b cng sut phn khng v.v.
I.2.5. Trm bin p l trm c cc my bin p lc kt ni hai hoc nhiu li in c

in p khc nhau.
I.2.6. Trm ct l trm gm thit b ng ct, cc thanh ci, khng c my bin p lc.
I.2.7. Trm b cng sut phn khng gm hai loi:
Trm b cng sut phn khng bng t in.

Trm b cng sut phn khng bng my b ng b.
I.2.8. Trm cch in kh (Gas insulated substation - GIS): Trm thu gn t trong
bung kim loi c ni t, cch in cho cc thit b in chnh ca trm
bng cht kh nn (khng phi l khng kh).

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.2.9. Ngun cung cp in c lp cho mt ph ti l ngun khng b mt in khi

ngun khc mt in.
Cc trm phn phi nhn in t hai nh my in hoc t hai ngun cp in
hoc t hai phn on thanh ci ca nh my in hoc trm in c gi l
ngun cung cp in c lp, nu tho mn c hai iu kin:
Mi phn on u c cp t ngun in c lp.
Cc phn on khng lin h vi nhau hoc c lin h th t ng tch ra khi

mt phn on b s c.
I.2.10. a in su l phng thc cung cp in cao p vo st h tiu th vi t cp

bin p nht.
I.2.11. iu chnh in p l hot ng lm thay i in p thanh ci nh my in

hoc trm bin p duy tr in p mc cho php.
Yu cu chung
I.2.12. Vic cp in cho cc h tiu th bao gm c vic chn s lng v cch b tr
trm in phi c gii quyt mt cch tng hp tu theo tnh hnh nng
lng trong khu vc (ngun thu nng, nhin liu a phng, nhin liu ph
thi, nhu cu v nhit, kh nng cp in ca cc nh my in ln cc vng
ln cn v.v.) trn c s iu tra ph ti in v d kin pht trin kinh t a
phng trong 10 nm sau, ng thi phi xt n iu kin d phng. Ngoi ra
cn phi tnh n cc kh nng v bin php gim dng in ngn mch v
gim tn tht in nng.
I.2.13. Vic chn phng n cp in phi da trn c s sau khi m bo cc ch

tiu k thut, so snh vn u t, chi ph khai thc hng nm cho cng trnh
vi thi gian hon vn t 5 n 8 nm, so snh tnh u vit ca mi phng n.
I.2.14. Vic thit k, xy dng mi v ci to li in phi p ng yu cu pht trin

chung v in trong tng giai on v kh nng m rng trong tung lai t nht
l 10 nm sau.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.2.15. Kh nng ti in ca ng dy v my bin p ni nh my in chuyn

dng ca x nghip cng nghip vi h thng in phi bo m:
a cng sut d ca nh my in chuyn dng vo h thng in trong

mi ch lm vic.
Nhn cng sut thiu khi my pht cng sut ln nht ca nh my in

chuyn dng ngng hot ng do s c, sa cha theo k hoch v kim tra.
I.2.16. Mi nh my in khi a vo lm vic song song vi li in Quc gia, ch

qun cc nh my phi tho thun vi c quan qun l li in Quc gia.
I.2.17. Khi cng sut tiu th ca cc x nghip cng nghip nh hn kh nng ti ca

ng dy cp in chuyn dng th c th kt hp cp in cho cc h tiu
th in khc theo tho thun.
Khi xy dng x nghip cng nghip mi m bn cnh s hnh thnh thnh

ph hoc khu dn c mi th s cp in ca x nghip phi tnh n kh
nng tch ring ph ti sinh hot.
I.2.18. Li 500, 220, 110kV l loi trung tnh ni t trc tip. Li 6, 10, 35kV
l loi trung tnh cch ly c th ni t qua cun dp h quang in, trong
trng hp c bit c th ni t trc tip. Li 15, 22kV l loi trung tnh
ni trc tip, trong trng hp c bit c th trung tnh cch ly hoc ni t
qua in tr nh.
i vi li in 6 35kV c im trung tnh ni t qua cun dp h quang th
vic b dng in dung khi c chm t c thc hin trong cc trng hp
sau:
1. li in 35 kV: khi dng in chm t ln hn 10A.
4. t hp khi my pht in - my bin p 6 22 kV: khi dng in chm

t ln hn 5A.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.2.19. Thng thng trm in t 35kV tr xung c thit k theo ch khng c

ngi trc m dng thit b t ng, khi cn thit th dng cc thit b iu
khin t xa v h thng tn hiu bo s c. Bng iu khin ch cn t
trm nt cung cp in cho cc trm.
I.2.20. Mi thit b in u vo ng dy c cun khng in phi chn theo dng

in ngn mch sau cun khng in (xem iu I.4.7).
I.2.21. Dao cch ly v dao cch ly t ng tiu chun c php dng ct v ng:
1. My bin in p, dng in np ca cc thanh ci v thit b in.
2. Dng in cn bng ca ng dy nu hiu in p dao cch ly hoc

dao cch ly t ng sau khi ct 2% tr s danh nh.
3. Dng in chm t 5A, i vi ng dy 22 35kV v 3A i vi ng

dy 10kV tr xung.
Cng cho php dng dao cch ly ct v ng:
im ni t trung tnh ca my bin p.
Cun dp h quang khi khng c chm t trong li in.
Mch vng (khi my ct u song song vi dao cch ly ng).
Vic xc nh cng sut khng ti ca my bin p lc v chiu di ng dy
theo cp in p cho php dng dao cch ly hoc dao cch ly t ng tiu
chun ng ct, vic chn bin php lp t cc loi dao trn v vic xc
nh khong cch gia cc cc ca dao u phi tun theo ch dn ca nh ch
to cng nh quy nh k thut hin hnh.
I.2.22. Cho php dng in xoay chiu lm ngun thao tc ni b n gin v h

gi thnh.
I.2.23. nhng ni cha c quy hoch n nh nn dng ng dy trn khng,

cn vi nhng th v khu cng nghip c quy hoch c duyt th
dng cp ngm.
i vi ng dy h p c gng dng dy bc. Vi ng dy 22kV tr

xung nhng ni c hnh lang cht hp, nhiu cy ci nn dng dy bc.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Cho php b tr cc ng dy c in p v cng dng khc nhau chung ct

vi ng dy trn khng nhng phi tun theo cc quy nh nu trong Phn II
ca quy phm ny.
I.2.24. Tit din dy dn, thanh dn v cp phi c chn theo:

1. Mt dng in kinh t nu trong Chng I.3.
2. Kh nng ti in theo pht nng ca dy dn trong ch bnh thng
v ch s c nu trong Chng I.3.
3. Tn tht in p trong cc iu kin theo iu I.2.39.
4. n nh, pht nng v lc in ng trong cc ch ngn mch nu
trong Chng I.4.
5. S liu tnh ton c - l ng dy.
6. Vng quang in (iu I.3.31).
Loi h tiu th in, tin cy cung cp in

I.2.25. Tu theo tin cy cung cp in, cc h tiu th c chia thnh 3 loi sau y:
Loi I l nhng h tiu th in m khi cung cp in b gin on s nh
hng n an ninh Quc gia, nh hng n cc c quan trng yu ca Nh
nc, gy nguy him cht ngi, tn tht nghim trng v kinh t hoc theo
nhu cu cp in c bit ca khch hng.
Loi II l nhng h tiu th in m khi cung cp in b gin on s gy
tn tht ln v kinh t, ri lon cc qu trnh cng ngh phc tp, ri lon hot
ng bnh thng ca thnh ph.
Loi III l nhng h tiu th in khng thuc hai loi trn.
I.2.26. H tiu th in loi I phi c cung cp in bng t nht hai ngun cung cp
in c lp v mt ngun d phng ti ch. Ch c php ngng cung cp
in trong thi gian t ng ng ngun d phng.
Ngun in d phng ti ch c th l trm c nh hoc lu ng c my pht
in hoc b lu in (UPS) v.v.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.2.27. i vi h tiu th in loi II phi c cung cp in bng t nht mt ngun

cung cp in chnh v mt ngun d phng, c php ngng cung cp in
trong thi gian cn thit ng ngun d phng.
I.2.28. i vi h tiu th in loi III, c php ngng cung cp in trong thi

gian sa cha hoc x l s c.
S cung cp in
I.2.29. Khi xy dng mi hoc ci to li in, nn dng s cung cp in n
gin, tin cy v c in p cao. Phi a ngun cung cp in vo gn trung tm
ph ti ca cc x nghip cng nghip v thnh ph bng cch a in su in
p 110 220kV, xy dng trm in gn trung tm ph ti hoc ngay trong x
nghip, chia nh cc trm in.
cp in cho trm ring l, nn dng rng ri hnh thc r nhnh trc tip t
mt hoc hai ng dy song song, ti ch r nhnh nn t cu dao ph ti.
m bo cp in cho li in thnh ph nn dng s mch vng cp

in cho cc trm.
C gng dng rng ri s trm n gin khng c my ct in u vo v

khng c thanh ci pha cao p hoc ch c h thng thanh ci n. H thng
thanh ci kp ch c dng khi c lun c xc ng.
I.2.30. Phi t my ct u vo trong cc trng hp sau:

1. Ti cc u vo ca trm 110kV tr ln .
2. u vo cc trm cc trm bin p n 35kV c cng sut ln hn 1600

kVA.
I.2.31. Nn dng cu chy t ri hoc cu chy cao p phi hp vi cu dao ph ti

v/hoc dao cch ly bo v ngn mch cho my bin p 35kV tr xung
(xem iu I.2.21) v cho cc b t in.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.2.32. Khi thit k trm cp in phi c bin php hn ch cng sut ngn mch
trong li nhn in ti tr s cng sut ct ln nht cho php ca cc my ct
t trong li ny.
Khi hn ch cng sut ngn mch bng khng in trn cc ng dy ra,

cho php dng mt khng in chung cho nhiu ng dy nhng mi
ng dy phi u qua dao cch ly ring. Trong trng hp ny nn dng
khng in phn chia.
I.2.33. Li in phi tnh vi ph ti ca mi h tiu th trong ch s c. Trong

mt s trng hp khi thit k trm, cho php tnh n vic t ng sa thi mt
s ph ti t quan trng khi s c.
I.2.34. Khi gii quyt vn d phng phi tnh n kh nng qu ti ca thit b in

(theo nh ch to) v ngun d phng.
I.2.35. Khi tnh ch s c khng xt n tnh hung ng thi ct s c v ct sa

cha; ng thi ct s c hoc ng thi ct sa cha nhiu on li hoc
nhiu ng dy.
I.2.36. Mi ng dy ca h thng cp in phi mang ti theo yu cu phn b dng

in bo m tn tht in nng nh nht, tr cc on ngn d phng.
I.2.37. Khi thit k li in nn s dng cc thit b t ng ng li, t ng ng

ngun d phng v t ng sa thi ph ti theo tn s.
I.2.38. Kt cu s li in phn phi trong x nghip phi bo m cp in cho

cc dy chuyn cng ngh lm vic song song v bo m d phng ln nhau
cho cc t my bng cch nhn in t cc trm hoc ng dy khc nhau
hoc t cc phn on thanh ci khc nhau ca cng mt trm.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Cht lng in p v iu chnh in p

I.2.39. Mc in p ti cc im trong li in phi xc nh theo phng thc vn
hnh v theo ch ph ti cc i v cc tiu. Trong iu kin bnh thng,
lch in p c php dao ng trong khong 5% so vi vi in p danh
nh v c xc nh ti v tr t thit b o m in hoc ti v tr khc do
hai bn tho thun.
Trong trng hp li in cha n nh, in p c dao ng t

-10% n +5%.
I.2.40. ch lm vic bnh thng ca h thng in, my bin p n 35kV phi

c iu chnh in p trong phm vi 5% in p danh nh.
I.2.41. ch lm vic bnh thng ca trm cp in, trong thi gian tng ph ti
gim n 30% so vi tr s ph ti ln nht, in p ti thanh ci phi duy tr
mc in p danh nh ca li.
I.2.42. iu chnh in p, li in 110kV tr ln nn dng my bin p c b

iu chnh in p di ti vi di iu chnh (10 15%).
Ngoi ra cn xt n vic dng thit b iu chnh in p ti ch nh:

ng c ng b
My b ng b
Cc b t in b
ng dy lin h in p n 1kV gia cc trm bin p c th ct
mt s my bin p trong ch ph ti cc tiu
I.2.43. Vic chn in p v h thng cp in cho cc li in ng lc v chiu

sng trong cc phn xng dng in p 660V tr xung phi c gii quyt
mt cch ton din.
Nu dng my bin p cung cp in ng lc v chiu sng cho h tiu

th th s li phi cho php ct bt my bin p trong nhng gi khng

Phn I: Quy nh chung
lm vic hoc ngy ngh v chuyn vic cp in chiu sng thng trc
sang my bin p ring cng sut nh hoc qua ng dy ni sang mt
trong nhng my bin p cn lm vic.
I.2.44. Trong iu kin bnh thng, tn s h thng in c php dao ng trong

phm vi 0,2Hz so vi tn s danh nh l 50Hz. Trong trng hp h thng
in cha n nh, cho php lch tn s l 0,5Hz.
Pha h tiu th in c cng sut s dng t 80kW hoc my bin p c dung

lng t 100kVA tr ln phi m bo cos 0,85 ti im t cng t mua
bn in. Trng hp cos < 0,85 th phi thc hin cc bin php sau:
Lp t thit b b cng sut phn khng nng cos t t 0,85 tr ln.
Mua thm cng sut phn khng trn h thng in ca pha cung cp.
Trng hp pha h tiu th c kh nng pht cng sut phn khng ln li,
hai bn c th tho thun vic mua bn trong hp ng.
Li in thnh ph in p n 35kV
I.2.45. Theo tin cy cung cp in, cc h tiu th in trong thnh ph c phn

loi theo iu I.2.25.
I.2.46. Khi nghin cu m rng thnh ph phi lp s cp in trong tng lai; phi
xt n kh nng thc hin tng phn ca s ph hp vi tng giai on
pht trin ca thnh ph.
i vi li in c khng p ng yu cu k thut khai thc hoc c trn

50% b phn trong li ht thi gian s dng th phi nghin cu ci to
ton din.
I.2.47. Tit din ca cp in xy dng theo giai on u, phi c chn ph hp

vi s cp in chung theo quy hoch.
I.2.48. Ph ti in tnh ton ca cc h tiu th u vo li in n 380V phi c

xc nh theo ph ti hin c cng thm mc pht trin hng nm l 10 20%.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.2.49. H s ng thi tnh ph ti cc i ca cc h tiu th thun dng nh sau:

Ph ti chiu sng cng cng Kt = 1
Ph ti sinh hot Kt = 0,9
Ph ti thng mi dch v, vn phng Kt = 0,85
Ph ti tiu th cng nghip Kt = 0,4 0,5
I.2.50. Khi cha c c s la chn h s ng thi chc chn do ph ti hn hp, c

th p dng cng thc gn ng sau:
Pmax = Kt(Passh + Pcn,tcn + Pnn) = Kt P
Trong :
Passh: tng nhu cu cng sut cho nh sng sinh hot

Pcn,tcn: tng nhu cu cng sut cho cng nghip hoc tiu th cng nghip
Pnn: tng nhu cu cng sut cho nng nghip
K t l h s ng thi cng sut ca cc ph ti khu vc c th la chn
nh sau:
Khi Passh = 0,5 SP th ly Kt = 0,6
Khi Passh = 0,7 SP th ly Kt = 0,7
Khi Passh = SP th ly Kt = 0,9
Cc trng hp khc Kt c th ni suy.
I.2.51. H s ng thi tnh ph ti cho ng dy 6 - 35kV:

Vi l cp in c t 3 n 5 trm bin p ly Kt = 0,9
Vi l cp in c trn 20 trm bin p ly Kt = 0,7
I.2.52. Tu theo yu cu ca ph ti, li in trn 1kV nn xy dng theo s c

thit b t ng ng ngun d phng.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.2.53. Trong li in c t ng ng ngun d phng cho h tiu th, nn thc hin

vic truyn tn hiu bo my ct s c trm phn phi v trm iu .
I.2.54. cp in cho ph ti khu vc c quy hoch n nh, li in mi cp in

p nn dng ng cp chn ngm; cn khu vc cha c quy hoch n nh,
li in nn dng ng dy trn khng. Trong thnh ph phi dng cp vn
xon v/hoc cp ngm.
I.2.55. Li in phn phi h p, khi xy mi hoc ci to phi l li 3 pha 4 dy

380/220V c trung tnh ni t trc tip.
I.2.56. Ch c u ph ti vo li phn phi hoc u vo pha 380V ca trm bin

p nu dao ng in p khi ng in khng vt qu 5% in p danh nh
ca li. Nu s ln ng ct in ph ti trn trong mt ngy m khng qu
5 ln th khng quy nh mc dao ng in p.
I.2.57. Li in i t trung tm cp in n h tiu th phi c kim tra v

lch in p cho php c xt n ch in p thanh ci ca trung tm cp
in. Nu lch in p vt qu gii hn cho php th phi c cc bin php
iu chnh in p.
I.2.58. Khi xc nh lch in p cho li in trong nh, mc st in p thit b

tiu th in xa nht khng qu 2,5%.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Chng I.3
CHN TIT DIN DY DN
Phm vi p dng
I.3.1. Chng ny p dng cho vic chn tit din dy dn, gm cc loi dy trn, dy
bc, cp v thanh dn, theo mt dng in kinh t, theo tn tht in p cho
php, pht nng cho php v iu kin vng quang. Nu tit din dy dn chn
theo cc iu kin trn nh hn tit din chn theo cc iu kin khc nh bn
c hc, bo v qu ti, n nh ng in v n nh nhit th phi ly tit
din ln nht.
Chn dy dn theo mt dng in kinh t
I.3.2. Phi la chn tit din dy dn v cp trn 1kV theo mt dng in kinh t bng
cng thc:
I
S=
j kt
Trong :
I l dng in tnh ton ln nht ca ng dy trong ch lm vic bnh
thng c tnh n tng trng ph ti theo qui hoch, khng k n dng in
tng do s c h thng hoc phi ct in sa cha bt k phn t no trn li.
jkt l mt dng in kinh t, tham kho trong bng I.3.1.
Sau tit din tnh ton c quy v tit din tiu chun gn nht.
I.3.3. Vic tng s ng dy hoc s mch ng dy la chn tit din theo mt

dng in kinh t phi da trn c s tnh ton kinh t k thut m bo tin
cy cung cp in.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Trong mt s trng hp, khi ci to nng cp, trnh phi tng s ng dy

hoc s mch cho php tng mt dng in kinh t ti mc gp i tr s cho
trong bng I.3.1.
Khi tnh ton kinh t k thut, phi k n ton b vn u t tng thm, gm c
ng dy v cc thit b cc ngn l hai u, ng thi cng phi xt c phng
n nng cp in p ng dy so snh la chn.
Nhng ch dn trn cng c p dng cho trng hp ci to nng cp tit din
ng dy do qu ti. Khi , chi ph ci to phi k c gi thit b v vt t mi tr
i gi tr thu hi.
Bng I.3.1: Mt dng in kinh t

Mt dng in kinh t (A/mm2)
Vt dn in S gi s dng ph ti cc i trong nm (h)
Trn 1000 n 3000 Trn 3000 n 5000 Trn 5000
Thanh v dy trn:
+ ng 2,5 2,1 1,8
+ Nhm 1,3 1,1 1,0
Cp cch in giy, dy bc
cao su, hoc PVC:
+ Rut ng 3,0 2,5 2,0
+ Rut nhm 1,6 1,4 1,2
Cp cch in cao su hoc
nha tng hp:
+ Rut ng 3,5 3,1 2,7
+ Rut nhm 1,9 1,7 1,6
I.3.4. Khng la chn tit in dy dn theo mt dng in kinh t trong cc trng

hp sau:
1. Li in x nghip hoc cng trnh cng nghip n 1kV c s gi ph ti cc
i n 5000h.
2. Li phn phi in p n 1kV (xem iu I.3.6) v li chiu sng chn
theo tn tht in p cho php.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
3. Thanh ci mi cp in p.
4. Dy dn n bin tr, in tr khi ng.
5. Li in tm thi v li in c thi gian s dng di 5 nm.
I.3.5. Khi dng bng I.3.1 cn phi theo cc ni dung sau:

1. Nu ph ti cc i xut hin vo ban m th jkt c tng thm 40%.
2. Vi dy bc cch in c tit din n 16mm2 th jkt c tng thm 40%.
3. i vi DK tit din ng nht c n ph ti r nhnh dc theo chiu di th jkt
on u ng dy c tng K1 ln. K1 xc nh theo cng thc:
I 12 .L
K1 =
I 12 .l1 + I 22 .l 2 + .... + I n2 .l n
Trong :
I1, I2, ... In l cc dng in ca tng on ng dy.
l1, l2, ... ln l chiu di tng on ng dy.

L l chiu di ton b ng dy.
4. Nu DK di c nhiu ph ti phn b dc ng dy th nn chia ng dy
thnh 2 on la chn 2 loi tit din khc nhau theo cch mc 3. Khng nn
chn ti 3 loi tit din trn mt ng trc trn khng.
5. ng trc cp ngm c nhiu ph ti phn b dc ng ch nn chn mt loi
tit din duy nht theo cch mc 3.
6. Khi chn tit din dy dn cho nhiu h tiu th cng loi d phng ln nhau (v
d bm nc, chnh lu v.v.) gm n thit b, trong m thit b lm vic ng thi,
s thit b cn li l d phng, th jkt c tng K2 ln:
n
K2 =
m

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Chn dy dn theo tn tht in p cho php
I.3.6. Trong li in phn phi n 1kV, tit din dy dn c la chn theo tn tht
in p cho php v kim tra li theo iu kin pht nng lu di cho php:
Umax [Ucp]
Trong li in trn 1kV n 22kV, vic chn tit din dy dn cn thc hin theo
so snh kinh t - k thut gia iu I.3.2 v iu I.3.6.
I.3.7. Tn tht in p cho php c th tng trng hp ph thuc vo yu cu ca loi

hnh ph ti, k c khi khi ng cc ng c in v c tnh n vic tng trng
ph ti trong tng lai, nht l vi ng cp ngm.
I.3.8. i vi ph ti in c yu cu n nh in p mc cao c bit, nu chn tit

din dy dn theo tn tht in p cho php b qu ln gy tn km, th phi so snh
vi phng n nng cp in p ng dy km theo bin p h p cui ng
dy hoc phng n m bo st p mc bnh thng.
Chn dy dn theo pht nng cho php
I.3.9. Cc trng hp ghi trong iu I.3.4 l trng hp dy dn c la chn theo nhit

pht nng cho php, sau kim tra thm cc tiu ch khc, nh st p cho php,
n nh in ng, gii hn tit din v tn tht vng quang; cn cc trng hp khc
th pht nng cho php ch dng kim tra li dy dn sau khi c la chn
theo mt dng in kinh t hoc tn tht in p cho php.
I.3.10. Cc loi dy dn u phi tho mn pht nng cho php, khng ch trong ch
lm vic bnh thng m c trong ch s c h thng, tc l ch c
mt s phn t khc b tch khi h thng lm tng dng in phn t ang xt.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Ph ti ln nht c xt l ph ti cc i trung bnh trong na gi, xt tng lai

pht trin trong 10 nm ti vi ng dy trn khng v sau 20 nm i vi
ng cp ngm.
I.3.11. i vi ch lm vic ngn hn v ngn hn lp li ca ph ti (tng thi gian

mt chu k n 10 pht v thi gian lm vic trong chu k khng qu 4 pht),
kim tra tit din dy dn theo pht nng cho php, ph ti tnh ton c quy
v ch lm vic lin tc, khi :
1. i vi dy ng tit din n 6mm2 v dy nhm n 10mm2, ph ti tnh

ton c ly l ph ti ngn hn c coi l ph ti lin tc.
2. i vi dy ng trn 6mm2 v dy nhm trn 10mm2, ph ti tnh ton l ph

ti ngn hn nhn thm vi h s:
0,875
t lv
Trong : tlv l t s gia thi gian lm vic trong chu k vi thi gian ton b
chu k lin tc.
I.3.12. i vi ch lm vic ngn hn c thi gian ng in khng qu 4 pht v thi

gian ngh gia 2 ln ng in lm ngui dy n nhit mi trng, ph ti
ln nht cho php c xc nh theo iu I.3.9.
Khi thi gian ng in trn 4 pht v thi gian ngh gia 2 ln ng in khng
lm ngui dy, th ph ti ln nht coi nh ph ti lm vic lin tc.
I.3.13. i vi 2 ng cp tr ln thng xuyn lm vic song song, khi xt pht

nng cho php ca mt ng ch s c, tc l ch c mt trong nhng
ng cp trn khng vn hnh tm thi, cho php tnh ton ng cp cn li
vn hnh qu ti theo ti liu ca nh ch to.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.3.14. Dy trung tnh trong li 3 pha 4 dy phi c dn in khng nh hn 50%

dn din ca dy pha.
I.3.15. Khi xc nh dng in lu di cho php i vi dy dn trn v bc cch in,

cp ngm, thanh dn khi nhit mi trng khc vi nhit ni iu I.3.16,
18 v 25 th dng h s hiu chnh nu trong bng I.3.30.
I.3.16. Dng in lu di cho php i vi dy dn c bc cch in cao su hoc PVC,

cp cch in cao su hoc nha tng hp c v ch, PVC hoc cao su do nh
ch to quy nh; nu khng c quy nh th tham kho trong bng I.3.3
I.3.9, c tnh vi nhit pht nng ca rut l +65oC khi nhit khng
kh xung quanh l +25oC hoc khi nhit trong t l +15oC.
Khi xc nh s lng dy dn t trong cng mt ng (hoc rut ca dy nhiu

si) khng tnh n dy trung tnh ca h thng 3 pha 4 dy (hoc rut ni t).
Bng I.3.2: H s hiu chnh
Nhit tr sut,
c im ca t H s hiu chnh
cm.oK/W
Ct c m trn 9%, t st pha ct

80 1,05
c m trn 1%
t v ct c m 7- 9%, t st pha
120 1,00
ct m 12-14%
Ct c m trn 4% v nh hn 7%,
200 0,87
t st pha ct c m 8-12%
Ct c m ti 4%, t 300 0,75

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.3: Dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn h p rut ng bc cao su hoc

PVC
Dng in cho php (A)

Tit din
rut, Dy t chung trong ng
Dy t
mm2 h 2 dy mt 3 dy mt 4 dy mt 1 dy hai 1 dy ba
rut rut rut rut rut
0,5 11 - - - - -
0,75 15 - - - - -
1,0 17 16 15 14 15 14
1,5 23 19 17 16 18 15
2,5 30 27 25 25 25 21
4 41 38 35 30 32 27
6 50 46 42 40 40 34
10 80 70 60 50 55 50
16 100 85 80 75 80 70
25 140 115 100 90 100 85
35 170 135 125 115 125 100
50 215 185 170 150 160 135
70 270 225 210 185 195 175
95 330 275 255 225 245 215
120 385 315 290 260 295 250
150 440 360 330 - - -
185 510 - - - - -
240 605 - - - - -
300 695 - - - - -
400 830 - - - - -

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.4: Dng in cho php lu di ca dy dn h p rut ng cch in cao

su v bo v bng kim loi, v cp rut ng cch in cao su trong v
ch, PVC hoc cao su c hoc khng c ai thp
Dng in (*) cho php (A)
Dy v cp
Tit din rut, mm2 Mt rut Hai rut Ba rut
Khi t trong:
Khng kh Khng kh t Khng kh t
1,5 23 19 33 19 27
2,5 30 27 44 25 38
4 41 38 55 35 49
6 50 50 70 42 60
10 80 70 105 55 90
16 100 90 135 75 115
25 140 115 175 95 150
35 170 140 210 120 180
50 215 175 265 145 225
70 270 215 320 180 275
95 325 260 485 220 330
120 385 300 445 260 385
150 440 350 505 305 435
185 510 405 570 350 500
240 605 - - - -
Ghi ch: (*) i vi dy hoc cp c hoc khng c rut trung tnh

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.5: Dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn h p rut nhm cch in cao

su hoc PVC
Dng in cho php (A)

Tit din
rut, Dy t chung trong mt ng
Dy t
mm2 h 2 dy mt 3 dy mt 4 dy mt 1 dy hai
1 dy ba rut
rut rut rut rut
2,5 24 20 19 19 19 16
4 32 28 28 23 25 21
6 39 36 32 30 31 26
10 60 50 47 39 42 38
16 75 60 60 55 60 55
25 105 85 80 70 75 65
35 130 100 95 85 95 75
50 165 140 130 120 125 105
70 210 175 165 140 150 135
95 255 215 200 175 190 165
120 295 245 220 200 230 190
150 340 275 255 - - -
185 390 - - - - -
240 465 - - - - -
300 535 - - - - -
400 645 - - - - -

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.6: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp h p rut nhm cch in cao su hoc
nha tng hp c v bo v bng kim loi, PVC hoc cao su, c hoc
khng c ai thp

Tit din rut,
Mt rut Hai rut Ba rut
(mm 2)
Khng kh Khng kh t Khng kh t
2,5 23 21 34 19 29
4 31 29 42 27 38
6 38 38 55 32 46
10 60 55 80 42 70
16 75 70 105 60 90
25 105 90 135 75 115
35 130 105 160 90 140
50 165 135 205 110 175
70 210 165 245 140 210
95 250 200 295 170 255
120 295 230 340 200 295
150 340 270 390 235 335
185 390 310 440 270 385
240 465 - - - -
Ghi ch (*): i vi cp 4 rut cch in bng nha tng hp, in p n 1kV

c th chn theo bng ny nh i vi cp 3 rut nhng nhn vi
h s 0,92.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.7: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp mm h p rut ng cch in cao

su dng cho thit b di ng
Tit din rut Dng in (*) cho php (A)
(mm2 ) Mt rut Hai rut Ba rut
0,5 - 12 -
0,75 - 16 14
1,0 - 18 16
1,5 - 23 20
2,5 40 33 28
4 50 43 36
6 65 55 45
10 90 75 60
16 120 95 80
25 160 125 105
35 190 150 130
50 235 185 160
70 290 235 200
Ghi ch: (*) i vi cp c hoc khng c rut trung tnh.
Bng I.3.8: Dng in cho php lu di ca cp mm rut ng cch in cao su

dng cho thit b di ng
2 Dng in (*) cho php (A)

Tit din rut (mm )
0,5kV 3kV 6kV
6 44 45 47
10 60 60 65
16 80 80 85
25 100 105 105
35 125 125 130
50 155 155 160
70 190 195 -
Ghi ch: (*) i vi cp c hoc khng c rut trung tnh

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.9: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp mm rut ng, cch in cao su

dng cho thit b di ng
2 Dng in (*) cho php (A)

Tit din rut (mm )
3kV 6kV
16 85 90
25 115 120
35 140 145
50 175 180
70 215 220
95 260 265
120 305 310
150 345 350
Ghi ch: (*) i vi cp c hoc khng c rut trung tnh
Dng in lu di cho php ca cp lc
I.3.17. Dng in lu di cho php ca cp cch in giy tm du n 35kV v bc kim

loi hoc PVC ly theo nhit pht nng cho php ca rut cp: c in p danh
nh n 6kV l +65oC; n 10kV l +60oC; 22 v 35kV l +50oC; hoc theo cc
thng s k thut ca nh ch to.
i vi cp cch in cao su hoc nha tng hp v kim loi hoc nha tng hp,
dng in lu di cho php v nhit pht nng cho php ly theo quy nh ca
nh ch to.
I.3.18. Dng in lu di cho php ca cp t trong t do nh ch to quy nh; nu

khng c qui nh th tham kho theo cc bng I.3.10, 13, 16 18, tnh vi trng
hp t cp trong ho su 0,7 1m, nhit ca t l +15oC v nhit tr
sut ca t l 120cm.oK/W.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Nu nhit tr sut ca t khc tr s trn, th dng in cho php ca cp phi

nhn thm h s cho trong bng I.3.2.
I.3.19. Dng in lu di cho php i vi cp t trong nc do nh ch to quy nh;

nu khng c qui nh th tham kho theo cc bng I.3.11, 14, 18, 19 c tnh
vi nhit ca nc l +15oC.
I.3.20. Dng in lu di cho php i vi cp t trong khng kh do nh ch to quy

nh; nu khng c qui nh th tham kho theo cc bng I.3.12, 15 21, c tnh
vi khong cch gia cc cp khi t trong nh, ngoi tri v trong ho khng nh
hn 35mm, cn khi t trong mng th khong cch khng nh hn 50mm,
vi s lng cp bt k v nhit khng kh l +25oC.
I.3.21. Dng in lu di cho php khi t cp trong ng chn trong t khng c thng
gi nhn to phi ly nh khi t cp trong khng kh.
I.3.22. Khi tuyn cp qua nhiu mi trng khc nhau, dng in cho php c tnh cho
on cp c iu kin xu nht nu chiu di on ny ln hn 10m. Khi nn
thay on cp ny bng cp c tit din ln hn.
I.3.23. Khi t mt s cp trong t hoc trong ng, dng in lu di cho php phi gim
i bng cch nhn vi h s nu trong bng I.3.22 khng k cp d phng. Khi t
cp trong t, khong cch gia chng khng nn nh hn 100mm.
I.3.24. Dng in lu di cho php i vi cp cha du p lc, kh, cp XLPE v cp EPR,

cp mt rut ai thp theo ti liu ca nh ch to.
I.3.25. Cc bng dng in cho php ca cp nu trn, cho vi iu kin nhit tnh
ton ca khng kh l +25oC, nhit tnh ton ca nc l +15oC.
I.3.26. Dng in lu di cho php khi t cp trong ng chn trong t c thng gi nhn
to th coi nh cp t trong khng kh c nhit bng nhit ca t.
I.3.27. Khi cp t thnh khi, theo hng dn ca nh ch to.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.10: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp rut ng c cch in giy tm

du, nha khng chy v nha tng hp, v kim loi t trong t
Tit din Dng in cho php (A)
rut Cp mt rut Cp hai rut Cp bn rut Cp ba rut Cp ba rut
(mm2) n 1kV n 1kV n 1kV n 6kV n 10kV
6 - 80 - - -
10 140 105 85 80 -
16 175 140 115 105 95
25 235 185 150 135 120
35 285 225 175 160 150
50 360 270 215 200 180
70 440 325 265 245 215
95 520 380 310 295 265
120 595 435 350 340 310
150 675 500 395 390 355
185 755 - 450 440 400
240 880 - - 510 460
300 1000 - - - -
400 1220 - - - -
500 1400 - - - -
625 1520 - - - -
800 1700 - - - -
Bng I.3.11: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp rut ng c cch in giy tm

du nha thng, nha khng chy v ch t trong nc
Dng in cho php (A)

Tit din rut,
Cp ba rut Cp bn rut
(mm2)
n 3kV 6kV 10kV n 1kV
16 - 135 120 -
25 210 170 150 195
35 250 205 188 230
50 305 255 220 280
70 375 310 275 350
95 440 375 340 410
120 505 430 395 470
150 565 500 450 -
185 615 545 510 -
240 715 625 585 -

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.12: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp rut ng cch in giy tm du

nha thng, nha khng chy v ch t trong khng kh
Dng in cho php (A)

Tit din Cp Cp ba rut
rut, Cp hai
mt
rut Cp bn rut n
(mm2) rut
n 1kV
n n 6kV n 10kV
1kV
1kV
6 - 55 - - -
10 95 75 60 55 -
16 120 95 80 65 60
25 160 130 100 90 85
35 200 150 120 110 105
50 245 185 145 145 135
70 305 225 185 175 165
95 360 275 215 215 200
120 415 320 260 250 240
150 470 375 300 290 270
185 525 - 346 325 305
240 610 - - 375 350
300 720 - - - -
400 808 - - - -
500 1020 - - - -
625 1180 - - - -
800 1400 - - - -

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.13: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp rut nhm cch in giy tm du

nha thng v nha khng chy, c v ch hoc nhm, t trong t
Dng in cho php (A)

Tit din
rut Cp mt Cp ba rut
Cp hai rut Cp bn rut
(mm2) rut n
n 1kV n 1kV
1kV 6kV 10kV
6 - 60 - - -
10 110 80 60 - 65
16 135 110 80 75 90
25 180 140 105 90 115
35 220 175 125 115 135
50 275 210 155 140 165
70 340 250 190 165 200
95 400 290 225 205 240
120 460 335 260 240 270
150 520 385 300 275 305
185 580 - 340 310 345
240 675 - 390 355 -
300 770 - - - -
400 940 - - - -
500 1080 - - - -
625 1170 - - - -
800 1310 - - - -

Phn I: Quy nh chung

nha thng v nha khng chy, v ch t trong nc
Dng in cho php (A)

Tit din
Cp ba rut Cp bn rut n
(mm2)
6kV 10kV 1kV
16 105 90 -
25 130 115 150
35 160 140 175
50 195 170 220
70 240 210 270
95 290 260 315
120 330 305 360
150 385 345 -
185 420 390 -
240 480 450 -

nha thng v nha khng chy, v ch hoc nhm, t trong khng kh
Dng in cho php (A)

Tit din
rut Cp ba rut Cp bn
Cp mt rut Cp hai rut
(mm2) rut n
n 1kV n 1kV
6kV 10kV 1kV
6 - 42 - - -
10 75 55 42 - 45
16 90 75 50 46 60
25 125 100 70 65 75
35 155 115 85 80 95

Phn I: Quy nh chung
50 190 140 110 105 110
70 235 175 135 130 140
95 275 210 165 155 165
120 320 245 190 185 200
150 360 290 225 210 230
185 405 - 250 235 260
240 470 - 290 270 -
300 555 - - - -
400 675 - - - -
500 785 - - - -
625 910 - - - -
800 1080 - - - -
Bng I.3.16: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp ng ba rut 6kV v ch chung c

cch in tm t du t trong t v trong khng kh
Tit din Dng in cho php (A) Tit din Dng in cho php (A)
rut rut,
t trong t trong t trong
t trong t
( mm2) t khng kh mm2 khng kh
16 90 65 70 220 170
25 120 90 95 265 210
35 145 110 120 310 245
50 180 140 150 355 290

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.17: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp nhm ba rut 6kV bc ch chung

c cch in tm t du t trong t v trong khng kh
Tit din Dng in cho php (A) Tit din Dng in cho php (A)
rut, rut
t trong t trong t trong
2 2 t trong t
( mm ) t khng kh ( mm ) khng kh
16 70 50 70 170 130
25 90 70 95 205 160
35 110 85 120 240 190
50 140 110 150 275 225
Bng I.3.18: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp rut ng ba rut v ch ring bit

c cch in bng giy tm du nha thng v nha khng chy t
trong t, trong nc v trong khng kh
Dng in cho php (A)
Tit din in p 22kV in p 35kV

rut ( mm2)
Khi t trong:
t Nc Khng kh t Nc Khng kh
25 110 120 85 - - -
35 135 145 100 - - -
50 165 180 120 - - -
70 200 225 150 - - -
95 240 275 180 - - -
120 275 315 205 270 290 205
150 315 350 230 310 - 230
185 355 390 265 - - -

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.19: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp rut nhm ba rut v ch ring bit
c cch in bng giy tm t du v nha khng chy, t trong t,
trong nc v trong khng kh
Dng in cho php (A)
Tit din
in p 22kV in p 35kV
rut,
( mm2) Khi t trong:
t Nc Khng kh t Nc Khng kh
25 85 90 65 - - -
35 105 110 75 - - -
50 125 140 90 - - -
70 155 175 115 - - -
95 185 210 140 - - -
120 210 245 160 210 225 160
150 240 270 175 240 - 175
185 275 300 205 - - -
Bng I.3.20: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp mt rut ng, cch in giy tm

du nha thng v nha khng chy, v ch, khng c ai thp, t
trong khng kh

Tit din rut (mm2)
Cp 22kV Cp 35kV
25 105/110 -
35 125/135 -
50 155/165 -
70 185/205 -
95 220/255 -
120 245/290 240/265
150 270/330 265/300
185 290/360 285/335
240 320/395 315/380
300 350/425 340/420
400 370/450 -
Ghi ch (*): T s dng cho cp t trn cng mt mt phng cch nhau 35 -125mm.
Mu s dng cho cp t theo 3 nh tam gic u.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.21: Dng in lu di cho php ca cp mt rut nhm cch in giy tm

du nha thng v nha khng chy, v ch hoc nhm, khng c ai
thp, t trong khng kh

2
Tit din rut ( mm )
Cp 22kV Cp 35kV
10 - -
16 - -
25 80/85 -
35 95/105 -
50 120/130 -
70 140/160 -
95 170/195 -
120 190/225 185/205
150 210/255 205/230
185 225/275 220/255
240 245/305 245/290
300 270/330 260/330
400 285/350 -
500 - -
625 - -
800 - -
Ghi ch : (*) T s dng cho cp t trn cng mt mt phng cch nhau 35-125mm.
Mu s dng cho cp t trn nh tam gic u.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.22: H s hiu chnh khi nhiu cp lm vic t song song trong t c hoc
khng c ng
S lng cp
1 2 3 4 5 6
Khong trng
gia cc cp (mm)
100 1,0 0,00 0,85 0,80 0,78 0,75
200 1,0 0,92 0,87 0,84 0,82 0,81
300 1,0 0,93 0,90 0,87 0,86 0,85
Dng in lu di cho php i vi dy dn v thanh dn trn
I.3.28. Dng in lu di cho php ca thanh dn v dy dn trn theo ti liu ca nh ch

to, nu khng c ti liu ca nh ch to th tham kho cc bng I.3.23
I.3.29 c tnh vi nhit pht nng cho php +70oC khi nhit khng kh
+25oC. Khi la chn thanh dn v dy dn cn kim tra dng in lu di cho
php theo iu kin pht nng ph hp vi iu kin lm vic ca thanh dn v
dy dn. Vic tnh ton kim tra dng in lu di cho php thc hin theo
hng dn ti Ph lc I.3.1.
I.3.29. Khi b tr thanh dn theo hnh 1 (bng I.3.28) th dng in nu trong bng I.3.28
phi gim i 5% i vi thanh dn c chiu rng h n 60mm v 8% i vi
thanh dn c chiu rng h ln hn 60mm.
I.3.30. Khi chn thanh dn c tit din ln, phi chn theo mt dng in kinh t v c
kt cu thch hp gim ti a cc tn tht ph do hiu ng b mt, hiu ng
gn, v phi m bo lm mt tt nht.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.23: Dng in lu di cho php theo pht nng ca dy trn bng ng,
nhm hoc nhm rut thp ( pht nng cho php l +70oC, khi nhit
khng kh l 25oC)
Tit din Dng in cho php (A) theo m hiu dy
nhm/thp AC, ACK, ACKC, ACK, ACSR M A, AK M A, AK
2
( mm ) Ngoi tri Trong nh Ngoi tri Trong nh
10/1,8 * 84 53 95 - 60 -
16/2,7* 111 79 133 105 102 75
25/4,2* 142 109 183 136 137 106
35/6,2 175 135 223 170 173 130
50/8 210 165 275 215 219 165
70/11 265 210 337 265 268 210
95/16 330 260 422 320 341 255
120/19 390 313
485 375 395 300
120/27 375 -
150/19 450 365
150/24 450 365 570 440 465 355
150/34 450 -
185/24 520 430
185/29 510 425 650 500 540 410
185/43 515 -
240/32 605 505
240/39 610 505 760 590 685 490
240/56 610 -
300/39 600 713
300/48 585 705 1050 815 895 690
300/66 680 -
330/27 730 - - - - -
400/22 830 713
400/51 825 705 1050 815 895 690
400/64 860 -
500/27 960 830
- 980 - 820
500/64 945 815
600/72 1050 920 - 1100 - 955
700/86 1180 1040 - - - -
Ghi ch: (*) M dy ACSR khng ch to loi tit din ny.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.24: Dng in lu di cho php ca thanh dn trn v ng bng ng hoc

nhm
ng Thanh trn ng ng ng nhm

knh Dng in(*) (A) ng knh Dng ng knh Dng
(mm) trong/ngoi in (A) trong/ngoi in(A)
ng Nhm
6 155 120 12/15 340 13/16 295
7 195 150 14/18 460 17/20 345
8 235 180 16/20 505 18/22 425
10 320 245 18/22 555 27/30 500
12 415 320 20/24 600 26/30 575
14 505 390 22/26 650 25/30 640
15 565 435 25/30 830 36/40 765
16 610/615 475 29/34 925 35/40 850
18 720/725 560 35/40 1100 40/45 935
19 780/785 605/610 40/45 1200 45/50 1040
20 835/840 650/655 45/50 1330 50/55 1150
21 900/905 695/700 49/55 1580 54/60 1340
22 955/965 740/745 53/60 1860 64/70 1545
25 1140/1165 885/900 62/70 2295 74/80 1770
27 1270/1290 980/1000 72/80 2610 72/80 2035
28 1325/1360 1025/1050 75/85 3070 75/85 2400
30 1450/1490 1120/1155 90/95 2460 90/95 1925
35 1770/1865 1370/1450 95/100 3060 90/100 2840
38 1960/2100 1510/1620 - - - -
40 2080/2260 1610/1750 - - - -
42 2200/2430 1700/1870 - - - -
45 2380/2670 1850/2060 - - - -
Ghi ch: (*) T s l dng xoay chiu cho php, mu s l dng mt chiu cho php.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.25: Dng in lu di cho php ca thanh dn tit din ch nht bng
ng
Kch thc, Dng in(*) cho php theo s lng thanh trong mt pha (A)
(mm) 1 2 3 4
15x3 210 - - -
20x3 275 - - -
25x3 340 - - -
30x4 475 - - -
40x4 625 -/1090 - -
40x5 700/705 -/1250 - -
50x5 860/870 -/1525 -/1895 -
50x6 955/960 -/1700 -/2145 -
60x6 1125/1145 1470/1990 2240/2495 -
80x6 1480/1510 2110/2360 2720/3220 -
100x6 1810/1875 2470/3245 3770/3940 -
60x8 1320/1345 2160/2485 2790/3020 -
80x8 1690/1755 2620/3095 3370/3850 -
100x8 2080/2180 3630/3180 3930/4690 -
120x8 2400/2600 3400/4400 4340/5600 -
60x10 1475/1525 2560/2725 3300/3530 -
80x10 1900/1990 3100/3510 3990/4450 -
100x10 2310/2470 3610/4395 4650/5385 5300/6060
120x10 2650/2950 4100/5000 5200/6250 5900/6800
Ghi ch : (*) T s l dng xoay chiu cho php, mu s l dng mt chiu cho php

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.26: Dng in lu di cho php ca thanh dn tit din ch nht bng nhm
Kch thc Dng in(*) cho php theo s lng thanh trong mt pha (A)
(mm) 1 2 3 4
15x3 165 - - -
20x3 215 - - -
25x3 265 - - -
30x4 365/370 - - -
40x4 480 -/885 - -
40x5 540/545 -/965 - -
50x5 665/670 -/1180 -/1470 -
50x6 740/745 -/1335 -/1655 -
60x6 870/880 1350/1555 1720/1940 -
80x6 1150/1170 1360/2055 2100/2460 -
100x6 1425/1455 1935/2515 2500/3040 -
60x8 1025/1040 1680/1810 2810/2330 -
80x8 1320/1355 2040/2100 2625/2975 -
100x8 1625/1690 2390/2945 3050/3620 -
120x8 1900/2040 2650/3350 3380/4250 -
60x10 1155/1180 2010/2110 2650/2720 -
80x10 1480/1540 2410/2735 3100/3440 -
100x10 1820/1910 2860/3350 3640/4160 4150/4400
120x10 2070/2300 3200/3900 4100/4800 4650/5200
Ghi ch: (*) T s l dng cho php xoay chiu, mu s l dng cho php mt chiu.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.27: Dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn trn bng ng thau hoc ng

thau c rut thp
Dy ng thau Dy ng thau c rut thp

Dng in(*) cho php
M hiu dy M hiu dy Dng in(*) cho php (A)
(A)
B-50 215 BC-185 515
B-70 265 BC-240 640
B-95 330 BC-300 750
B-120 380 BC-400 890
B-150 430 BC-500 980
B-185 500
B-240 600
B-300 700
(*)
Ghi ch: Dng in cho php ng vi ng thau c in tr sut 20 = 0,003
.mm2/m
Bng I.3.28: Dng in lu di cho php ca thanh ci b tr hnh vung (hnh 1) bng
ng hoc nhm
Kch thc (mm) Tit din c bn Dng in cho php c b

h b h1 H thanh (mm2) ng Nhm
80 8 140 157 2560 5750 4550
80 10 144 160 3200 6400 5100
100 8 160 185 3200 7000 5550
100 10 164 188 4000 7700 6200
120 10 184 216 4800 9050 7300

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Hnh 1 Hnh 2
Bng I.3.29: Dng in lu di cho php ca thanh dn hp (hnh 2) bng ng hoc

nhm
Kch thc (mm) Tit din ton phn Dng in cho php (A)
a b c r ( mm2) ng Nhm
75 35 4 6 1040 2730 -
75 35 5,5 6 1390 3250 2670
100 45 4,5 8 1550 3620 2820
100 45 6 8 2020 4300 3500
125 55 6,5 10 2740 5500 4640
150 65 7 10 3570 7000 5650
175 80 8 12 4880 8550 6430
200 90 10 14 6870 9900 7550
200 90 12 16 8080 10500 8830
225 105 12,5 16 9760 12500 10300
250 115 12,5 16 10900 - 10800

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.3.30: H s hiu chnh dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn trn v bc

cch in, cp ngm, thanh ci theo nhit ca t v khng kh
Nhit tnh Nhit tiu H s hiu chnh dng in lu di cho php

ton ca mi chun ca rut theo nhit mi trng ( oC)
trng ( oC) cp ( oC)
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
15 80 1,00 0,96 0,92 0,88 0,83 0,78 0,73 0,68
25 80 1,09 1,04 1,00 0,90 0,80 0,80 0,80 0,74
25 70 1,11 1,05 1,00 0,94 0,88 0,81 0,74 0,67
15 65 1,00 0,95 0,89 0,84 0,77 0,71 0,63 0,55
25 65 1,12 1,06 1,00 0,94 0,87 0,79 0,71 0,61
15 60 1.00 0,94 0,88 0,82 0,75 0,67 0,57 0,47
25 60 1,13 1,07 1,00 0,93 0,85 0,76 0,66 0,54
15 55 1,00 0,93 0,86 0,79 0,71 0,61 0,50 0,36
25 55 1,15 1,08 1,00 0,91 0,82 0,71 0,58 0,41
15 50 1,00 0,93 0,84 0,76 0,66 0,54 0,37 -
25 50 1,18 1,09 1,00 0,89 0,78 0,63 0,45 -
Chn dy dn theo iu kin vng quang
I.3.31. i vi cp in p 110kV tr ln, dy dn phi c kim tra theo iu kin vng

quang, theo nhit trung bnh v mt khng kh ph thuc cao so vi mt
bin. Cng in trng cc i (E) mt ngoi dy dn khng c vt qu
0,9E0 (E0 l cng in trng bt u pht sinh vng quang dy dn).
E0 = 17 21 kV/cm.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Cng in trng trong thc t c tnh theo cng thc sau:
180 o
r. sin
0,354.U n (n 1)] , [ kVmax ]
E= [1 + 2
Dtb a cm
n.r. lg
rtd
Trong :
U: in p danh nh, kV
n: s dy phn pha, nu khng phn pha th n =1
a: khong cch gia cc dy phn pha, cm
r: bn knh ca mi dy, cm
Dtb: khong cch trung bnh hnh hc gia cc pha
rtd: bn knh tng ng, tnh theo cng thc:
a
rt = R n n. r
[cm] , trong R = [cm]
R
180
2 sin
n
i vi cp in p 110kV, tit din ti thiu hn ch pht sinh vng quang l

70mm2, in p 220kV l 240mm2.
i vi cp in p 220kV tr ln, dng bin php phn pha thnh 2 n 4 dy
nh hn ch vng quang.
Cng phi kim tra v mc nhiu thng tin v tuyn ca vng quang.
Chn dy chng st
I.3.32. Khi chn dy chng st, ngoi vic m bo cc iu kin v tnh ton c l nu
Phn II, cn kim tra iu kin n nh nhit khi xy ra ngn mch mt pha, thc
hin theo hng dn ti Ph lc I.3.2.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Chng I.4
CHN THIT B V DY DN THEO
IU KIN NGN MCH
Phm vi p dng
I.4.1. Chng ny p dng cho vic chn thit b v dy dn theo iu kin ngn mch
dng in xoay chiu tn s 50Hz.
Yu cu chung
I.4.2. Phi kim tra theo ch ngn mch (tr cc trng hp nu trong iu I.4.4):
1. i vi thit b in trn 1kV:
a. Thit b in, cp, dy dn, kt cu v kt cu chu lc ca chng.
b. ng dy trn khng c dng in ngn mch xung kch t 50kA tr ln
trnh chp dy do lc in ng khi ngn mch. Ngoi ra, i vi ng dy
phn pha cn phi kim tra khong cch gia cc khung nh v trong tng pha.
i vi ng dy trn khng c thit b t ng li tc ng nhanh, phi kim
tra v n nh nhit.
2. i vi thit b in n 1kV, ch kim tra bng phn phi, ng dn in v
t ng lc. Khng phi kim tra ngn mch cho bin dng in.
3. Thit b in dng ct dng ngn mch, phi kim tra c kh nng thao tc
c khi ang ngn mch.
Thit b in chu c dng ngn mch l thit b khi c dng ngn mch tnh
ton, khng b ph hu hay b bin dng, vn tip tc vn hnh bnh thng.
I.4.3. thit b in trn 1kV khng phi kim tra:

n nh ng in ca thit b v dy dn c bo v bng cu chy c dng
in danh nh n 60A.
n nh nhit ca thit b v dy dn c bo v bng mi loi cu chy.
Cu chy phi c kh nng nhy ct c dng ngn mch nh nht.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.4.4. Khng phi kim tra theo ch ngn mch:

1. Cc dy dn cp in cho cc h dng in l, k c cho cc my bin p
phn xng c tng cng sut n 1MVA, in p s cp n 22kV, nu ng
thi tho mn cc iu kin sau:
H tiu th c bin php d phng khng lm nh hng ti qu trnh
cng ngh khi mt in.
Khi ngn mch, d dy dn c b hng cng khng gy n.
C th thay dy dn d dng.
2. Dy dn cc ng dy trn khng, tr ch nu trong mc b iu I.4.2.
3. Thanh dn v thit b ca mch bin in p t trong ngn ring bit hoc t
sau in tr ph.
I.4.5. Khi chn s tnh dng ngn mch, ch xt ch lm vic lu di ca thit b

in m khng xt ch lm vic ngn hn tm thi.
Phi tnh dng ngn mch s pht trin ngun li t nht l 10 nm sau khi
a thit b vo lm vic (cho php tnh gn ng).
I.4.6. Phi xt n cc dng ngn mch sau y:

1. Ngn mch 3 pha kim tra n nh in ng ca thit b, thanh dn, dy
dn v kt cu km theo.
2. Ngn mch 3 pha kim tra n nh nhit ca thit b, thanh dn, dy dn.
in p my pht, chn ngn mch 3 pha hoc 2 pha theo dng no gy pht
nhit ln hn.
3. Ngn mch 3 pha v mt pha chm t, ly tr s ln hn chn hoc kim
tra kh nng ng ct ngn mch ca thit b. Nu my ct c hai tr s dng ct
3 pha v mt pha th phi chn theo c hai dng ngn mch trn.
I.4.7. Cc thit b v dy dn ca mch in phi chn theo dng in ngn mch ln

nht chy qua.
Khng xt trng hp cc pha khc nhau ng thi chm t 2 im khc nhau.
I.4.8. Trn mch c in khng trm trong nh m thit b v dy dn t trc in

khng c ngn cch vi thanh ci cp in (trn on r nhnh t mch
chnh) bng trn nh, vch ngn v.v. th c chn theo dng ngn mch sau

Phn I: Quy nh chung
in khng, nu in khng t trong cng mt nh v c ni bng thanh

dn.
Thanh dn r nhnh t thanh ci n vch ngn v s xuyn phi c chn
theo dng ngn mch trc khng in.
I.4.9. Khi kim tra n nh nhit, thi gian tnh ton ly bng thi gian gii tr ngn
mch.
Xc nh dng in ngn mch chn thit b v dy dn
I.4.10. Xc nh dng in ngn mch chn thit b, thanh dn, dy dn, kim tra
cc thit b chu lc, xut pht t nhng yu cu sau:
1. Mi ngun cp in cho im ngn mch u lm vic ng thi vi ph ti
danh nh.
2. Mi my in ng b u c t ng iu chnh in p v kch thch
cng bc.
3. Ngn mch xy ra vo thi im kt cu h thng to thnh dng ngn mch
ln nht.
4. Sc in ng ca mi ngun in u trng pha.
5. in p tnh ton mi cp ly bng 105% in p danh nh ca li.
6. Phi xt n nh hng ca my b ng b, ng c ng b v khng
ng b. Khng xt nh hng ca ng c khng ng b ti 100kW ni qua
my bin p ti im ngn mch v ng c khng ng b ln hn ni ti
im ngn mch qua t 2 my bin p tr ln, qua ng dy c tr khng
ng k.
I.4.11. i vi li trn 1kV, ch tnh in khng ca thit b v ng dy. Tnh tng

tr i vi ng dy tit din nh, ng cp di c tit din nh.
I.4.12. i vi li in ti 1kV, phi tnh c in khng v in tr ca tt c cc

phn t, k c in tr tip xc ca cc tip im. Cho php b qua in tr
hoc in khng nu tng tr sai lch khng qu 10%.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.4.13. i vi li in ti 1kV nhn in t my bin p gim p; khi tnh ngn

mch, phi coi in p a vo my bin p l khng i v bng in p danh
nh ca li.
I.4.14. i vi cc phn t c bo v bng cu chy c tnh nng hn ch dng

in, phi kim tra n nh ng theo dng in ngn mch tc thi ln
nht i qua cu chy.
Chn dy dn v cch in, kim tra kt cu chu lc

theo lc in ng ca dng in ngn mch
I.4.15. Lc in ng tc ng ln thanh dn cng, truyn n cch in v kt cu

cng phi c tnh theo dng in ngn mch ba pha tc thi ln nht, c xt
n s lch pha gia cc dng in v b qua dao ng c hc ca kt cu thanh
dn.
Lc xung tc ng ln dy dn mm, cch in, u ra v kt cu gi dy c
tnh theo tr s trung bnh bnh phng ca dng in ngn mch gia hai pha
k nhau. i vi dy phn pha v h dn in mm th lc tng h ca dng
in ngn mch trong dy dn cng mt pha c xc nh theo tr s hiu
dng ca dng in ngn mch ba pha.
Phi kim tra h dn in mm khng chp nhau.
I.4.16. Lc c hc do dng in ngn mch xc nh theo iu I.4.15 truyn qua thanh

dn cng n cch in v cch in xuyn khng c vt qu 60% lc
ph hu nh nht ca cch in nu l cch in n, v khng c qu
100% lc ph hu ca cch in nu l cch in kp.
Nu dng thanh dn nh hnh gm nhiu thanh dt hoc ch U th ng sut c
hc bng tng ng sut sinh ra do lc tc ng tng h gia cc pha v gia
cc phn t ca mi thanh.
ng sut c hc ln nht trong thanh dn cng khng c vt qu 70% lc
ph hu tc thi.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Chn dy dn theo iu kin pht nng khi ngn mch

I.4.17. Nhit pht nng ca dy dn khi ngn mch khng c vt qu tr s cho
php trong bng sau:
Dng v vt liu dn in Nhit cao nht cho php ( oC)

Thanh dn:
ng 300
Nhm 200
Cp cch in giy tm du, in p ti 10kV 200
Nh trn, in p 15kV n 220kV 125
Cp v dy dn rut ng hoc nhm bc
cch in:
PVC v cao su 150
PE 120
XLPE hoc EPR 250
2
Dy ng trn chu lc ko n 20 N/mm 250
2
Dy ng trn chu lc ko trn 20 N/mm 200
2
Dy nhm trn chu lc ko n 10 N/mm 200
Dy nhm trn chu lc ko trn 10 N/mm2 160
Phn nhm ca dy nhm li thp 200
I.4.18. Vic kim tra cp theo iu kin pht nng khi ngn mch nh nu trong
iu I.4.2 c tin hnh i vi:
1. ng cp n c tit din ng nht khi ngn mch u ng cp.
2. ng cp n gm nhiu on c tit din khc nhau khi ngn mch u
mi on cp.
3. ng cp gm hai hoc nhiu cp t song song, khi ngn mch u c b
cp.
I.4.19. Khi kim tra n nh nhit ca thit b v dy dn ca ng dy c thit b t

ng li tc ng nhanh, phi tnh n vic tng pht nng do tng tng thi
gian dng ngn mch. Khi kim tra pht nng theo iu kin ngn mch, cc
dy phn pha c coi nh mt dy c tit din bng tng tit din cc dy
phn pha.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Chn thit b in theo kh nng ng ct

I.4.20. chn my ct in trn 1kV cn thc hin:
1. Theo kh nng ct: phi xc nh dng in ct tnh ton theo cc iu kin
nu trong cc iu I.4.5 n iu I.4.9.
Dng in ct tnh ton l dng in ngn mch hiu dng ton phn (k c
thnh phn khng chu k) c xc nh vi thi gian nh tip im my ct,
bng tng thi gian ct ring ca my ct (t khi pht lnh ct n khi nh tip
im dp h quang) cng vi thi gian dp tt h quang.
2. Theo kh nng ng: khi my ct ca my pht in t pha in p
my pht ch cn kim tra khi ng khng ng b trong tnh trng i pha.
I.4.21. Khi chn cu chy theo kh nng ct, phi ly tr s hiu dng ca dng in
ngn mch chu k u lm dng in ct tnh ton (b qua tnh nng hn ch
dng in ca cu chy).
My ct ph ti v dao to ngn mch phi c chn theo dng in ngn
mch cho php khi ng.
I.4.22. Ngoi vic chn theo kh nng ct ngn mch, my ct cn phi chn theo kh
nng ct in p phc hi qu (Transient recovery voltage - TRV). Kh
nng ct TRV ca my ct phi ln hn tr s TRV tnh ton c th cho tng v
tr my ct trong h thng.
Yu cu chn theo TRV ch p dng i vi my ct 500kV v my ct

220kV u ng dy di, my ct u cc my pht in v my ct t
cnh cun khng.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Chng I.5
M IN NNG
I.5.1. Chng ny p dng cho m in nng ti cc cng trnh in, h tiu th in

v.v.
Dng c m in nng c gi l cng t in.
H thng gm c cc cng t in, bin dng in, bin in p v dy u cc
thit b trn vi nhau gi l h thng m in nng.
I.5.2. Cng t thanh ton l cng t m in nng thanh ton tin in gia hai bn
mua v bn in, bao gm in nng sn xut ra, in nng tiu th ca cc h
tiu th in hoc in nng mua bn ranh gii. Vic la chn t cng t
in hay in t v vic yu cu truyn s liu ca cng t i xa thc hin theo
cc quy nh hin hnh.
I.5.3. Cng t phi c lp t trong khu vc qun l ca bn mua in, tr trng

hp cc bn c tho thun khc. V tr lp t v vic lp t cng t phi m
bo an ton, m quan, thun li cho bn mua in kim tra ch s cng t v bn
bn in ghi ch s cng t.
Trng hp in nng c th trao i theo c hai hng ranh gii th phi t
hai cng t c hng hoc mt cng t m c c hai hng.
I.5.4. Cng t kim tra l cng t dng theo di kim tra. Khng dng cc s liu
ca cng t kim tra thanh ton.
Yu cu chung
I.5.5. Vic m in nng tc dng phi bo m xc nh c lng in

nng tc dng:
1. Do tng t my pht in pht ra.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
2. T dng trong nh my in, trong cc trm in k c trm b v trm

izen.
3. Do nh my in cp vo li truyn ti, li phn phi.
4. Cp hoc nhn ca h thng in khc.
5. Cp cho cc h tiu th in.
Ngoi vic m in nng thanh ton tin in, m in nng cn phi bo
m kh nng kim tra vic s dng in ca cc h tiu th, kim tra in
nng trao i ranh gii, cn i in nng, xy dng cc ch tiu kinh t k
thut v d bo ph ti.
I.5.6. Vic m in nng phn khng phi m bo xc nh c lng in nng

phn khng:
1. Do tng my pht in pht ra.
2. Do nh my in a vo li truyn ti, li phn phi.
3. Do cc my b quay hoc trm b tnh pht ra.
4. Nhn hoc cp cho h thng in khc.
5. Ca cc h dng in sn xut kinh doanh, dch v theo quy nh hin hnh.

Ngoi vic m in nng phn khng thanh ton, cng phi bo m chc nng
kim tra ging nh cng t tc dng ni iu I.5.5.
V tr t cng t
I.5.7. Trong nh my in, cng t tc dng phi c t :

1. Tng my pht in.
2. Tng MBA tng p, t pha th cp, tr cun cn bng khng khai thc.
Khi pha th cp khng c my bin dng ring m in nng th t cng
t pha s cp u vi in p my pht.
Pha no ca MBA c trao i cng sut th phi t hai cng t c hng hoc
cng t m c c hai hng.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
3. Tng ng dy in p my pht. ng dy no c trao i cng sut th

phi t hai cng t c hng hoc cng t m c c hai hng.
4. Tng my bin p t dng. Cng t t pha cao p ca my bin p t
dng. Nu t pha cao p b kh khn th cho php t pha h p.
5. Tng my pht in t dng. Nu my pht in t dng cng c in t
dng ring th phn t dng ny cng phi c cng t.
I.5.8. Trong li in, cng t tc dng phi c t :

1. C hai u ng dy lin lc h thng, mi u t hai cng t c hng
hoc mt cng t m c c hai hng.
2. Pha h p ca my bin p hai cun dy.
3. Pha h p v trung p ca my bin p ba cun dy, tr cun cn bng khng
c khai thc.
4. Mi u ng dy t trm, tr ng dy h p cp in sinh hot v ng
dy chuyn dng c cng t t cui ng dy.
5. Mi my bin p t dng.
I.5.9. Cng t thanh ton in nng tc dng cho cc h tiu th phi c t:

1. Theo iu I.5.3 hoc iu I.5.8 mc 3.
2. Ti u vo trm ca h tiu th nu khng c ng dy ni vi trm khc
hoc vi h tiu th khc in p cp cho h trn.
3. pha cao p ca my bin p trong h tiu th, nu trm ny cn cp in
hoc ni vi trm ca h tiu th khc in p cung cp. Khi khng c my
bin dng vi cp chnh xc ng qui nh in p 35kV tr ln, cho php t
cng t pha h p my bin p.
4. pha h p my bin p, nu pha cao p l cu dao ph ti, dao cch ly t
ng hoc cu dao cu chy.
I.5.10. Cng t phn khng phi t :

1. My pht in c cng sut t 1.000kW tr ln.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
2. Cc cun dy trung p v h p my bin p v cc v tr trong trm

trung gian m c t cng t tc dng. Nu khng c my bin dng
vi cp chnh xc ng qui nh, c php khng t cng t phn khng
pha trung p my bin p.
3. ng dy 35kV, nu vic thanh ton tin in vi cc h tiu th ch cn
c vo cng t tc dng ca ng dy .
4. u ra my b hoc l tng ca t in c dung lng 1MVAr tr ln.
5. Bn cnh cng t tc dng thanh ton ca cc h ng lc ln.
6. cc phn t ca h thng in, cc ranh gii c yu cu phi thanh ton
hoc theo di in nng phn khng.
7. Ti cc h tiu th c pht in nng phn khng th phi t hai cng t
phn khng c hng.
8. Ti cc ranh gii c trao i cng sut, phi t hai cng t phn khng c
hng hoc mt cng t m c c hai hng.
Yu cu i vi cng t
I.5.11. Np cng t, np kp u dy cng t, np t hoc hp cng t u phi c
nim phong ca c quan kim nh nh nc theo chc nng hoc c quan
cung ng in c u quyn.
I.5.12. Phi m in nng tc dng v in nng phn khng trong mch 3 pha bng
cng t 3 pha.
I.5.13. Cng t v cc thit b o m lin quan nh bin dng, bin in p phi c

kim nh theo qui nh hin hnh.
Sai s ca cng t tc dng ca my pht in phi ph hp vi bng I.5.1.
Cc sai s ny c xc nh ti mc pht in t 50% ti 100% cng sut
danh nh theo cos =1 v 0,5 tn s v in p danh nh.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bng I.5.1: Sai s cho php ca cng t my pht in
i tng m in nng Sai s cho php, %

My pht in cng sut n 12MW 1
My pht in cng sut trn 12MW n 100MW 0,7
My pht in cng sut trn 100MW 0,5
I.5.14. Cng t thanh ton u qua bin dng v bin in p phi ph hp vi tiu
chun hin hnh v c cp chnh xc 0,5; 1 hoc 2 i vi cng t tc dng v
2 hoc 2,5 i vi cng t phn khng.
Cc bin dng v bin in p cng phi c sai s ph hp.
m in nng qua my bin in o lng
I.5.15. Cc my bin dng in v my bin in p o lng u ni vi cng t

thanh ton in nng phi c cp chnh xc khng ln hn 0,5. Cho php u
my bin in p c cp chnh xc khng ln hn 1,0 vo cng t thanh ton
in nng c cp chnh xc 2,0.
i vi cng t o m k thut, cho php dng bin dng c cp chnh xc
1,0 hoc u vo bin dng t sn bn trong my c cp chnh xc thp hn
1,0, nu t cp chnh xc 1,0 th phi c bin dng ph.
Khi dng cng t o m k thut, cho php dng bin in p cp chnh xc
1,0 v bin in p cp chnh xc thp hn 1,0.
I.5.16. Nn ni cng t vo cun dy ring cho o lng th cp bin dng, trng

hp c bit c th kt hp s dng cho m in, o in v cho rle cng
mt cun th cp bin dng khi cn bo m sai s v khng lm thay i c
tnh ca rle.
Khi cng t thanh ton u chung vi cc thit b khc sau bin dng v bin
in p th phi nim phong mch m in.
I.5.17. Ph ti mch th cp bin in o lng k c cng t khng c vt qu

ph ti danh nh ghi nhn bin in o lng.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.5.18. Tit din v chiu di dy dn ni cng t vi bin dng hoc bin in p phi
bo m bin in o lng hot ng chnh xc v tn tht in p trong
mch in p ti cng t khng vt qu 0,5% in p danh nh.
I.5.19. Khng nn dng kp u dy hoc hng kp u dy trong mch u cng t

thanh ton t ti h tiu th. Nu bt buc phi dng, th phi nim phong kp
u dy hoc hng kp u dy.
I.5.20. m in nng ca my pht in, nn dng bin dng cp chnh xc 0,5 v

sai s ng vi 50% n 100% dng in danh nh ca my pht in, khng
vt qu tr s nu trong bng I.5.2.
Bng I.5.2: Sai s dng in cho php khi dng t 50% ti 100% tr s danh
nh ca my pht in.
Bin dng Sai s dng, % Sai s gc, pht

Dng cho my pht cng sut n
0,20 20
12MW
Dng cho my pht cng sut trn
0,15 10
12MW
I.5.21. cp in p cho cng t, c th dng mi kiu bin in p c in p danh

nh th cp v sai s ph hp vi yu cu ca cng t.
I.5.22. Cun dy th cp ca bin dng trong mch 500V tr ln phi c ni t

mt cc hng kp u dy.
Ti bin in p, im trung tnh pha nh th phi c ni t v ch ni t
mt im, cn khi cun dy ca chng u tam gic th ni t mt im
chung ca cc cun dy th cp.
Khng c ni t cun th cp bin dng dng thanh ci in p n 1kV
khng c cch in cun s cp (thanh ci v li thp c mang in). Trng
hp ny phi ni t cc mch u bn ngoi cun th cp.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Ngoi cng t, nu mch thao tc hoc mch ho ng b cng u vo nh th

ca bin in p th cho php thay ni t trc tip cun th cp bng ni t
qua cu chy nh thng.
I.5.23. Bin in p n 35kV nn c cu chy bo v pha s cp.

Trc cng t thanh ton nn c hp kp u dy chuyn dng c th ni
ngn mch cun th cp bin dng trc khi tho mch dng khi cng t.
I.5.24. Khi trm c nhiu h thanh ci v mi h u c bin in p, mi mch u

phi c kho chuyn mch chuyn mch p cng t khi cn.
I.5.25. Mch cng t nh my in v cc trm trung gian phi c hng kp u dy

ring hoc mt on ring hng kp u dy chung.
I.5.26. Ngn l bin in p cp in cho cng t nu c cu chy th phi c li thp

hoc ca c ch nim phong.
Tay truyn ng dao cch ly pha s cp cng phi c ch nim phong.
t v u dy vo cng t
I.5.27. Cng t phi t thng ng ni kh ro, nhit xung quanh thng xuyn
khng qu 45oC, thun tin cho vic c ch s, kim tra v treo tho.
Khi t ngoi tri, cng t phi t trong t hoc hp bng st hoc composit.
Nu bng st, th phi tip a v t hoc hp, tr trng hp mch in trong
t hoc hp c cch in kp. Hp cng t phi c cp bo v IP43.
Cng t thanh ton nu t a phn ca ngi dng in, th d t trong

nh cng phi trong hp bo v.
Cho php t cng t hnh lang gian phn phi ca nh my in v trm

in.
i vi cng t thanh ton in sinh hot, c th treo trn ct, ngoi nh hoc
trong nh, nhng phi trong hp c nim phong v bo m tnh khch quan
cho c bn mua v bn bn.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Cng t ti h mua bn in ln phi t trong hp hoc t ring c kho, nim

phong, cp ch. Cc cun th cp o lng cp in cho cng t phi l cun
ring bit. Cp ni t thit b o lng n cng t phi l cp ring v c bc
kim v phi c nim phong, cp ch ti cc v tr u ni.
I.5.28. Phi t cng t bng in, t in hoc trong hp vng chc. Cho php
t cng t trn bng kim loi, bng hoc bng nha. Khng t cng t
trn bng g.
Hp u dy cng t t cch mt sn t 1,4 n 1,7m.
I.5.29. Nhng ni d b va chm, bi bn, nhiu ngi qua li hoc d b tc ng t

bn ngoi, cng t phi c t trong t hoc hp c kho, c nim phong, c
ca s knh nhn r mt s cng t.
C th t chung nhiu cng t vo mt t hoc hp, hoc t chung vi bin

dng h p.
I.5.30. Vic u dy vo cng t phi theo cc yu cu nu trong Chng II.1 - Phn

II v Chng IV.4 - Phn IV.
I.5.31. Dy u mch cng t c ni k c ni hn.
I.5.32. on dy u st cng t phi d ra t nht 120mm. V dy trung tnh trc

cng t phi c mu d phn bit trn mt on 100mm.
I.5.33. Khong cch gia phn dn in trn bng in c t cng t v bin dng
phi theo cc yu cu nu trong iu III.1.14 - Phn III.
I.5.34. Trong li h p, khi t cng t v bin dng gian nguy him hoc rt nguy
him, phi ni v cng t v v bin dng vi dy ni t (dy trung tnh)
bng dy dn ng ring bit.
I.5.35. Khi c 2 cng t tr ln t gn nhau, phi c nhn ghi a ch tng cng t.

Trong nh my in hoc trm in c 2 cng t tr ln, phi c nhn ghi a
ch tng cng t.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Cng t kim tra (k thut)

I.5.36. Trong x nghip cng nghip, c quan, nh my in v trm in nn thc
hin vic m in nng kim tra.
Khi t cng t kim tra khng cn tho thun vi c quan cung ng in.
I.5.37. Trong nh my in, nn t cng t kim tra cho tng mch pht in v tng
mch t dng.
I.5.38. Trong trm in, nn t cng t kim tra cho mch tng cc cp in p, ti
cc mch khng c cng t thanh ton m cn phi kim tra.
I.5.39. Trong x nghip, nn t cng t kim tra tng phn xng, tng dy chuyn sn
xut hch ton ni b v xc nh nh mc in nng cho n v sn phm.
Khi cng t thanh ton t ti u ng dy ca trm hoc nh my in cp

cho x nghip th cho php t cng t kim tra ti u vo x nghip.
I.5.40. Cng t kim tra, bin dng, bin in p kim tra trong h tiu th l ti sn
ca bn mua in v do bn mua in qun l. Cng t kim tra phi tho mn
cc yu cu ca iu I.5.13 v I.5.16.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Chng I.6
O IN
Phm vi p dng
I.6.1. Chng ny p dng cho vic o in bng dng c o c nh, khng p dng
cho vic o in trong phng th nghim, o in bng dng c xch tay v
dng c o ch s c.
I.6.2. Cc dng c o in, ngoi vic tho mn cc qui nh trong chng ny cn

phi tho mn cc yu cu ca nh ch to.
Yu cu chung
I.6.3. Dng c o in phi bo m cc yu cu c bn sau y:
1. Dng c ch th hoc t ghi phi c cp chnh xc 1,0 - 2,5.
Ampemt khng c s khng (0) thang o, lp trm phn phi h p v ng

c in, cho php c cp chnh xc 4.
2. Cp chnh xc ca sun, in tr ph v bin in o lng khng c nh

hn tr s ghi bng I.6.1.
Bng I.6.1: Cp chnh xc ca sun, in tr ph v bin in o lng
Cp chnh xc Cp chnh xc ca sun Cp chnh xc ca bin

ca dng c o v in tr ph in o lng
1 0,5 0,5
1,5 0,5 0,5
2,5 0,5 1
4 - 3
3. Gii hn ca vch o trn thang o hoc gii hn cc s hin th phi tho

mn o c ton b cc tr s ca i lng cn o.
I.6.4. Vic u cun dng in ca dng c o v thit b bo v vi cun th cp ca

bin dng cp in cho cng t thanh ton phi theo qui nh iu I.5.17.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
I.6.5. Ti trm phn phi h p khng c ngi trc, cho php khng t dng c o
in ch th nhng phi c ch u dng c kim tra hoc kp c Ampe
km.
I.6.6. Dng c o in loi kim ch th phi c vch ch tr s vn hnh nh mc

trn thang o.
I.6.7. Dng c o in c vch khng gia thang o th phi c ghi r hng hai
pha vch khng.
I.6.8. Dng c o in phi c nhn xc nh im o, tr trng hp cnh im o

trn s ni.
I.6.9. Ngoi vic hin th i lng o trn mt ng h ti ch, trong trng hp

ring, i lng cn c t ghi hoc a vo b nh hoc truyn ti v tr
o xa, thc hin theo yu cu ca quy trnh vn hnh.
o dng in
I.6.10. Phi o dng in xoay chiu ti:
1. Cc mch cn kim tra qu trnh vn hnh mt cch c h thng.
2. Cc my pht in, u ng dy hoc ph ti trung cao p, u ng dy
hoc ph ti h p quan trng.
3. Cc mch th cp hoc s cp ca my bin p c dung lng t
1MVA tr ln.
Trong mch ca cun dp h quang phi c ch u ampemt t ghi
hoc xch tay.
I.6.11. Phi t ampemt t ghi nu qu trnh cng ngh yu cu.
I.6.12. Phi o dng in mt chiu ti:

1. Cc mch ca my pht in mt chiu v b chnh lu.
2. Mch cquy, pin mt tri.
3. Mch kch thch my pht, my b v ng c ng b.
I.6.13. Phi t 3 ampemt cho:

Phn I: Quy nh chung
My pht in xoay chiu 3 pha c cng sut danh nh t 200kW tr ln.

ng dy ti in c iu khin tng pha.
ng dy c b dc.
ng dy c th vn hnh lu di ch khng ton pha.
ng dy 500kV.
ng dy cp cho l in h quang.
Cho php t mt ampemt vi kho chuyn mch o 3 pha vi my pht
in c cng sut ti 200kW.
I.6.14. Khi chn ampemt v bin dng, phi tnh n kh nng qu ti tm thi ca
mch ng c khi khi ng. Bin dng khng c bo ho v ampemt phi
chu c dng khi ng.
I.6.15. Ampemt mt chiu phi c thang o hai pha hoc cng tc o cc nu dng
in o c th i chiu.
I.6.16. C th u ampemt xoay chiu trc tip vo thanh ci hoc dy dn, ch u

ampemt xoay chiu qua bin dng nu khng u trc tip c.
I.6.17. Khi u trc tip ampemt vo mch trn 1kV xoay chiu v trn 500V mt
chiu, phi bo m cc iu kin sau:
1. An ton cho ngi qun l vn hnh, th nghim v sa cha, thun tin cho
vic c ch s, ng thi tun theo ng qui nh v an ton in hin hnh.
2. Cch ly phn mang in ca ampemt vi t bng cch in chu c in
p tng ng, hoc t trc tip vo on thanh dn gia hai s cch in k
nhau v bo m khong cch pha - pha v pha - t ca ampemt.
3. ampemt phi sn mu v trn mt thang o phi c k hiu mu
ch in p cao.
I.6.18. Ampemt t ti thit b in mt chiu c th u trc tip hoc u qua sun.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
o in p v kim tra cch in

I.6.19. Phi t dng c o in p :
1. Tng phn on thanh ci in p xoay chiu hoc mt chiu khi phn on
c th lm vic ring bit.
Cho php t mt vnmt vi kho chuyn mch o nhiu v tr pha.
Ti trm phn phi h p, c th ch o in p h p nu khng c bin in p
pha cao p.
2. Mch xoay chiu v mt chiu ca my pht in, my b ng b.
3. Trong mch kch thch ca my in ng b cng sut t 1MW tr ln.
Khng bt buc i vi my pht thu in.
4. T cquy, my np v ph np.
5. Trong mch ca cun dp h quang.
I.6.20. Ti cc im nt kim tra ca h thng in, vnmt phi c cp chnh xc

khng ln hn 1,0.
I.6.21. Trong li in 3 pha, thng thng t dng c o mt in p dy.
Trong li in trn 1kV c trung tnh ni t hiu qu (xem iu I.7.16) c

php o 3 in p dy bng mt dng c o c kho chuyn mch.
I.6.22. Phi t b kim tra cch in trong li in trn 1kV c dng in chm t
nh, trong li in n 1kV c trung tnh cch ly v trong li in mt chiu
c im gia cch ly. B kim tra cch in c th l ng h ch th, dng c
hot ng theo nguyn l rle (h thng tn hiu m thanh, nh sng) hoc
phi hp c hai loi trn.
B kim tra cch in phi t cc yu cu sau:
Bo m pht hin chm t khi li vn hnh ring r cng nh khi c lin
h qua my bin p u sao - tam gic.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Bo m tm chm t d dng trong trng hp trm c hoc khng c ngi

trc.
Khi cn, phi c bo tn hiu m thanh, nh sng ti ch hoc truyn v trung
tm iu khin.
I.6.23. B kim tra cch in trong li n 1kV v trong li in mt chiu phi xc

nh c tr s in tr cch in, khi cn c km bo tn hiu m thanh, nh
sng khi mc cch in gim thp di tr s t.
I.6.24. Khng cn t b kim tra cch in mch in mt chiu n gin v khng

quan trng, cc mch mt chiu in p ti 48V.
Phi nh k kim tra cch in cc mch ny bng vnmt.
I.6.25. Cho php dng vnmt kim tra nh k cch in mi cc vi t ca cc

mch kch thch cc my in quay.
C th dng mt vnmt c kho chuyn mch kim tra cch in mt s
im trn mch kch thch.
I.6.26. Phi dng bin in p mt pha hoc ba pha nm tr u vnmt kim tra
cch in. Cun cao p ca bin in p phi u hnh sao c trung tnh ni
t.
cp in cho c mch kim tra cch in v mch o lng t mt bin in
p th cn phi c hai cun th cp, mt cun u hnh sao v mt cun u tam
gic h.
o cng sut
I.6.27. Phi o cng sut theo cc yu cu sau:
1. o cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng cho tng my pht in.
i vi my pht in 100MW tr ln, phi dng ng h c cp chnh xc
1,0.
2. o cng sut tc dng i vi tng my bin p v ng dy 6kV tr ln
cp in t dng cho nh my in.
3. o cng sut phn khng ca my b ng b v t b 25MVAr tr ln.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
4. o cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng ca MBA tng p hai cun
dy ca nh my in.
o cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng pha h p v trung p ca
MBA tng p ba cun dy (k c my bin p t ngu c s dng cun dy th
ba) ca nh my in. i vi MBA lm vic trong khi vi my pht in,
vic o cng sut pha h p thc hin mch my pht in.
5. Ti cc trm bin p gim p, o cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng
cho tng my bin p 110kV tr ln, i vi cc my bin p khc ch cn o
cng sut tc dng.
i vi my bin p ba cun dy gim p - o pha trung p v h p.
i vi my bin p hai cun dy gim p - o pha h p.
Khng cn o cng sut cc my bin p phn phi h p. Ti nhng my bin
p khng ch cng sut theo ma th phi c ch u ng h di ng.
6. ng dy 110kV tr ln c dng cng sut t hai pha, k c my ct mch
vng - o cng sut tc dng v phn khng.
7. Phi d kin v tr u dng c di ng o cng sut ti cc im cn kim
tra nh k dng cng sut tc dng v phn khng.
I.6.28. Phi dng dng c o c thang o hai pha i vi mch c hng cng
sut thay i.
o tn s
I.6.29. Phi o tn s :
1. Mi phn on ca thanh ci in p my pht in.
2. Ti u ra my pht in ca khi.
3. Mi h thng thanh ci in p cao ca nh my in.
4. Cc nt c kh nng phn chia h thng in ra cc phn lm vic khng
ng b.
I.6.30. Phi t tn s k t ghi :

1. Nh my in c cng sut t 200MW tr ln trong h thng.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
2. Nh my in c cng sut t 6MW tr ln vn hnh c lp.
I.6.31. Sai s tuyt i ca tn s k t ghi cc nh my in tham gia iu tn

khng c qu 0,1Hz.
o lng khi ho ng b
I.6.32. ho ng b chnh xc, cn c nhng dng c sau y:
Hai vnmt hoc mt vnmt kp.
ng b k hoc vnmt ch khng.
Hai tn s k hoc mt tn s k kp.
Rle chng ho sai (rle ho ng b).
t dng c o in
I.6.33. Phi t dng c o in trn bng kim loi hoc bng cch in, tr bng g.
Thng thng phi t dng c o in trong nh, ch c t ngoi tri khi
nh ch to cho php.
Chiu cao lp t phi cch sn t 1,2m n 2,0m. i vi loi c chnh xc
cao hoc thang o c bc o nh th khng c t cao qu 1,7m.
Dng c t ghi c t sao cho ng tim ngang ca chng cch sn t
0,6m n 2,0m.
I.6.34. Khng phi ni t v dng c o in lp trn kt cu kim loi c ni t.
I.6.35. Dng c o in phi t mi trng xung quanh ph hp vi yu cu ca

nh ch to hoc ch d c, nh sng, mt knh khng b lo do phn
chiu.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
Chng I.7
NI T
I.7.1. Chng ny p dng cho thit k v lp t trang b ni t ca cc thit b in

lm vic vi in xoay chiu hoc mt chiu mi cp in p.
I.7.2. Hin tng chm t l hin tng tip xc gia b phn mang in ca thit b
in vi kt cu khng cch in vi t, hoc trc tip vi t.
Hin tng chm v l hin tng chm in xy ra trong cc my mc, thit b

gia cc b phn mang in vi v thit b c ni t.
I.7.3. Trang b ni t l tp hp nhng in cc ni t v dy ni t.
I.7.4. in cc ni t l cc vt dn in hay nhm cc vt dn in c lin kt vi

nhau, chn di t v tip xc trc tip vi t.
I.7.5. Dy ni t l dy hoc thanh dn bng kim loi ni cc b phn cn ni t

ca thit b in vi in cc ni t.
I.7.6. Ni t cho b phn no ca thit b in l ni b phn vi trang b ni

t.
I.7.7. in p vi t khi chm v l in p gia v vi vng t c in th bng

khng.
I.7.8. in p trn trang b ni t l in p gia im dng in i vo cc ni t v

vng in th "khng" khi c dng in t in cc ni t tn vo t.
I.7.9. Vng in th "khng" l vng t ngoi phm vi ca vng tn ca dng in

chm t.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
I.7.10. in tr ca trang b ni t (in tr ni t) l tng in tr ca cc in cc

ni t, dy ni t v in tr tip xc gia chng.
I.7.11. Dng in chm t l dng in truyn xung t qua im chm t.
I.7.12. Thit b in c dng in chm t ln l thit b c in p cao hn 1kV v

dng in chm t mt pha ln hn 500A.
I.7.13. Thit b in c dng in chm t nh l thit b c in p cao hn 1kV v

dng in chm t mt pha nh hn hay bng 500A.
I.7.14. Trung tnh ni t trc tip l im trung tnh ca my bin p hoc ca my

pht in c ni trc tip vi trang b ni t hoc c ni vi t qua mt
in tr nh (th d nh my bin dng v.v.).
I.7.15. Trung tnh cch ly l im trung tnh ca my bin p hoc ca my pht in

khng c ni vi trang b ni t hoc c ni vi trang b ni t qua cc
thit b tn hiu, o lng, bo v, cun dp h quang c ni t hoc
thit b tng t khc c in tr ln.
I.7.16. Trung tnh ni t hiu qu l trung tnh ca mng in ba pha in p ln hn

1kV c h s qu in p khi ngn mch chm t khng ln hn 1,4.
H s qu in p khi ngn mch chm t trong mng in ba pha l t s

gia in p ca pha khng b s c khi c ngn mch chm t v in p pha
trc khi c ngn mch chm t.
I.7.17. Dy trung tnh l dy dn ca mch in ni trc tip vi im trung tnh ca

my bin p hoc ca my pht in.
a. Dy trung tnh lm vic (cn gi l dy "khng" lm vic) l dy dn cp

in cho thit b in.
Trong li in ba pha 4 dy, dy ny c ni vi im trung tnh ni t trc

tip ca my bin p hoc my pht in.
Vi ngun in mt pha, dy trung tnh lm vic c ni vi u ra ni t trc
tip.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
Vi ngun in mt chiu, dy ny c ni vo im gia ni t trc tip

ca ngun.
y cng l dy cn bng ni t c nhim v dn dng in v khi ph ti
trn cc pha khng cn bng.
b. Dy trung tnh bo v (cn gi l dy "khng" bo v) cc thit b in n
1kV l dy dn ni nhng b phn cn ni vi im trung tnh ni t trc
tip ca my bin p hoc my pht trong li in ba pha.
i vi ngun mt pha, dy ny c ni vi mt u ra trc tip ni t.
i vi ngun mt chiu, dy ny c ni vo im gia ni t trc tip ca
ngun.
(Xem Ph lc 1.7.1)
I.7.18. Ct bo v l ct t ng bng h thng bo v tt c cc pha hoc cc cc khi

c s c xy ra ti mt b phn trong li in vi thi gian ct khng qu 0,2
giy tnh t thi im pht sinh dng chm t mt pha.
I.7.19. Cch in kp l s phi hp gia cch in lm vic (chnh) v cch in bo

v (ph) (xem iu I.1.46 48). Vic phi hp ny phi m bo sao cho khi c
h hng mt trong hai lp cch in th cng khng gy nguy him khi tip xc.
Yu cu chung
I.7.20. Thit b in c in p n 1kV v cao hn phi c mt trong cc bin php

bo v sau y: ni t, ni trung tnh, ct bo v, my bin p cch ly, dng
in p thp, cch in kp, ng p nhm mc ch m bo an ton cho
ngi trong cc ch lm vic ca li in, bo v chng st cho thit b
in, bo v qu in p ni b.
ni t cho thit b in, u tin s dng ni t t nhin, nh cc kt cu
kim loi, ct thp ca kt cu btng, cc ng dn bng kim loi t di t
trong trng hp quy phm cho php, tr ng dn cht lng d chy, kh v
hn hp cht chy n v.v.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
Nu s dng cc kt cu kim loi ny c in tr ni t p ng c yu cu

theo qui nh v ni t th khng cn t trang b ni t ring.
I.7.21. Nn s dng mt trang b ni t chung cho cc thit b in c chc nng khc

nhau v in p khc nhau. Ngoi tr mt s trng hp ch c php khi p
ng nhng yu cu ring quy nh ca quy phm ny.
in tr ca trang b ni t chung phi tho mn cc yu cu ca thit b v
bt buc phi nh hn hoc bng in tr nh nht ca mt trong cc thit b
.
I.7.22. Khi thc hin ni t hoc ct bo v theo yu cu ca quy phm ny gp kh

khn v k thut hoc kh thc hin c, cho php s dng cc thit b in
c sn cch in
Cu to ca sn cch in phi m bo l ch khi ng trn sn cch in mi
c th tip xc c vi b phn khng ni t. Ngoi ra phi loi tr kh nng
tip xc ng thi gia cc phn khng ni t ca thit b ny vi phn c ni
t ca thit b khc hoc vi cc phn kt cu ca to nh.
I.7.23. i vi li in n 1kV c trung tnh ni t trc tip phi m bo kh

nng t ng ct in chc chn, vi thi gian ct ngn nht nhm cch ly phn
t b h hng ra khi li in khi c hin tng chm in trn cc b phn
c ni t. m bo yu cu trn, im trung tnh ca my bin p pha
h p n 1kV phi c ni vi cc ni t bng dy ni t; vi li in
mt chiu ba dy th dy gia phi c ni t trc tip. V ca cc thit b
ny phi c ni vi dy trung tnh ni t. Khi v ca thit b khng ni vi
dy trung tnh ni t th khng c php ni t v thit b .
I.7.24. i vi my bin p c trung tnh cch ly v my bin p c cun dp h

quang vi in p cao hn 1kV phi m bo kh nng pht hin v xc nh
nhanh chng phn t b h hng bng cch t thit b kim tra in p tng
pha v phn on li in, khi cn thit, phi c tn hiu chn lc hoc bo v
bo tn hiu hay ct t ng nhng phn t b h hng.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
I.7.25. i vi thit b in in p n 1kV, cho php s dng im trung tnh ni t

trc tip hoc cch ly.
Nn p dng kiu trung tnh cch ly cho thit b in khi c yu cu an ton
cao, vi iu kin:
a. Cc thit b ny phi t thit b bo v kt hp vi kim tra cch in ca
li in, c th s dng ptmt hoc cu chy bo v.
b. C th pht hin nhanh v sa cha kp thi khi c chm t hoc c thit b
t ng ct b phn chm t.
Trong li in xoay chiu 3 pha 4 dy hoc li in mt chiu 3 dy, bt
buc phi ni t trc tip im trung tnh.
i vi thit b in 3 pha in p danh nh 500V hoc 660V phi cch ly
im trung tnh.
I.7.26. Li in 3 pha hoc 1 pha in p n 1kV trung tnh cch ly c lin h vi

li in c in p cao hn 1kV qua my bin p, phi t thit b bo v
nh thng cch in ti im trung tnh hoc ti dy pha in p thp ca
my bin p phng nguy him khi b h hng cch in gia cun dy
cao p v cun dy h p.
I.7.27. Trong nhng trng hp sau y phi c bin php bo v c bit t ng

ct cc thit b khi xy ra hin tng chm v:
a. Li in c im trung tnh cch ly v c yu cu cao v an ton in
(trong khai thc hm m v.v.).
b. Li in c trung tnh ni t trc tip v c in p n 1kV.
thay th cho vic ni v thit b vi trung tnh ni t, cn phi t trang b
ni t tho mn yu cu nh i vi mng c trung tnh cch ly.
c. i vi thit b di ng nu vic ni t khng c kh nng tho mn yu
cu ca quy phm ny.
I.7.28. Kch thc cc in cc ca trang b ni t nhn to (ng, thanh v.v.) phi

m bo kh nng phn b u in p i vi t trn din tch t thit b

Phn I. Quy nh chung
in. Vi thit b in c dng chm t ln, bt buc phi t mch vng ni

t xung quanh thit b (tr cc thit b in trm ct 35kV tr xung).
I.7.29. m bo an ton, cc thit b in c dng in chm t ln phi thc hin

li san bng in p (tr cc thit b in trm ct 35kV tr xung).
I.7.30. m bo tr s in tr ni t theo qui nh trong sut nm, khi thit k ni

t phi tnh trc s thay i in tr sut ca t (thay i theo thi tit).
m bo yu cu trn, trong tnh ton phi a vo h s hiu chnh tu theo
trng thi in tr sut ca t ti thi im tin hnh o.
Nhng b phn phi ni t

I.7.31. Phi ni t cc b phn bng kim loi ca cc my mc, thit b in gian
sn xut cng nh ngoi tri. Nhng b phn cn ni t bao gm:
a. V my in, v my bin p, kh c in, ct DK, thit b chiu sng v.v.
b. B truyn ng ca thit b in.
c. Cun th cp ca my bin p o lng (my bin dng, my bin in p).
d. Khung kim loi ca t phn phi in, bng iu khin, bng in v t in,
cng nh cc b phn c th m hoc tho ra c nu nh trn c t thit b
in in p trn 42V xoay chiu hoc trn 110V mt chiu.
e. Kt cu kim loi ca thit b in, v kim loi v v bc ca cp lc v cp
nh th, hp u cp, ng kim loi lun cp, v v gi cc thit b in.
f. Thit b in t phn di ng ca my v cc c cu.
g. V kim loi ca my in di ng hoc cm tay.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
Nhng b phn khng phi ni t

I.7.32. Nhng b phn khng yu cu ni t:
a. Thit b in c in p xoay chiu n 380V hoc c in mt chiu n

440V v cc thit b c t trong gian t nguy him (xem iu I.1.12);
ngha l cc phng kh ro v c sn dn in km (nh g, nha ng) hoc
trong cc gian phng sch s v kh ro (nh phng th nghim, vn phng).
Ghi ch: Nhng thit b in trn phi ni t nu trong khi lm vic, ngi c
th cng mt lc tip xc vi thit b in v vi b phn khc c ni t.
b. Thit b t trn kt cu kim loi c ni t nu m bo tip xc in
tt ti mt tip xc ca kt cu (mt tip xc ny phi c co sch, lm
nhn v khng c qut sn).
c. Kt cu t cp vi in p bt k v c v bng kim loi c ni t
c hai u.
d. ng ray i ra ngoi khu t ca trm pht in, trm bin p, trm phn
phi v cc trm in ca x nghip cng nghip.
e. V dng c c cch in kp.
f. Nhng b phn c th tho ra hoc m ra c ca khung kim loi cc bung
phn phi, t, ro chn ngn cch cc t in, cc ca ra vo v.v. nu nh trn
cc b phn khng t thit b in hoc thit b in lp trn c in p
xoay chiu n 42V v in p mt chiu n 110V.
g. Kt cu kim loi trong gian t cquy c in p n 220V.
Cho php thc hin ni t cho ng c in v my mc ring l trn cc
my ci hoc thit b khc bng cch ni t trc tip my ci hoc thit b
khc nu m bo tip xc chc chn gia ng c hoc my mc ring l vi
my ci hoc thit b khc.

Phn I. Quy nh chung

trung tnh ni t hiu qu
I.7.33. i vi thit b in in p trn 1kV trung tnh ni t hiu qu (xem iu

I.7.16), phi m bo tr s in tr ni t hoc in p tip xc, ng thi
phi m bo in p trn trang b ni t (theo iu I.7.35) v cc bin php
kt cu (theo iu I.7.36).
I.7.34. in tr ca trang b ni t vng c in tr sut ca t khng qu 500m

khng c ln hn 0,5 (trong bt c thi gian no trong nm, c tnh n
in tr ni t t nhin ( vng in tr sut ca t ln hn 500m xem
iu I.7.41 n I.7.45). Yu cu ny khng p dng cho trang b ni t ca
ct DK v trm 35kV tr xung.
i vi trm 35kV tr xung, p dng theo iu I.7.46 (k c ni t hiu

qu).
I.7.35. in p trn trang b ni t khi c dng in ngn mch chm t chy qua
khng c ln hn 10kV. Trong trng hp loi tr c kh nng truyn
in t trang b ni t ra ngoi phm vi cc nh v hng ro bn ngoi cc
thit b in th cho php in p trn trang b ni t ln hn 10kV. Khi in
p trn trang b ni t ln hn 5kV phi c bin php bo v cch in cho
cc ng cp thng tin v h thng iu khin t xa t thit b in i ra v
cc bin php ngn nga truyn in th nguy him ra ngoi phm vi ca thit
b in.
I.7.36. san bng in th v m bo vic ni thit b in vi h thng in cc

ni t, trn din tch t thit b in phi t cc in cc ni t nm ngang
theo chiu di v chiu rng ca din tch v ni chng vi nhau thnh li
ni t.
Cc cc ni t theo chiu di phi t gia dy thit b in v pha i li
vn hnh, su t 0,5 n 0,7m v cch mng hoc b t thit b t 0,8m
n 1,0m. Nu cc thit b in c t thnh cc dy, c li i gia,

Phn I. Quy nh chung
khong cch gia hai dy khng qu 3m th cho php t mt in cc san

bng in th chung gia hai dy thit b.
Cc in cc ni t theo chiu rng phi c t nhng v tr thun tin
gia cc thit b in su 0,5 n 0,7m. Khong cch gia chng nn ly
tng ln k t chu vi n trung tm ca li ni t. Khi khong cch u
tin v khong cch tip theo k t chu vi khng c vt qu 4,0; 5,0; 6,0;
7,5; 9,0; 11,0; 13,5; 16,0 v 20,0m. Kch thc ca li ni t tip gip vi
ch ni im trung tnh my bin p lc v dao to ngn mch vi trang b ni
t khng c vt qu 6x6 m2.
Trong mi trng hp, khong cch gia cc in cc nm ngang khng c
ln hn 30m.
Cc in cc nm ngang phi c t theo bin ca din tch t trang b ni
t sao cho to thnh mch vng khp kn.
Nu mch vng ni t b tr trong phm vi hng ro pha ngoi ca thit b
in th di ca ra vo, st vi in cc nm ngang ngoi cng ca mch
vng phi t thm hai cc ni t san bng in th. Hai cc ni t ny
phi c chiu di t 3 n 5m v khng cch gia chng bng chiu rng ca
ra vo.
I.7.37. Vic lp t trang b ni t phi tho mn cc yu cu sau:
Cc dy ni t thit b hoc kt cu vi cc ni t phi t su khng
nh hn 0,3m.
Phi t mt mch vng ni t nm ngang bao quanh ch ni t trung tnh
ca my bin p lc v dao to ngn mch.
Khi trang b ni t vt ra ngoi phm vi hng ro thit b in th cc in
cc ni t nm ngang pha ngoi din tch t thit b in phi c t
su khng nh hn 1m. Mch vng ni t ngoi cng trong trng hp ny
nn c dng a gic c gc t hoc c gc ln.
I.7.38. Hng ro bn ngoi ca thit b in khng phi ni t vi trang b ni t.
Nu c DK in p 110kV tr ln t thit b i ra th hng ro ny phi c
ni t bng cc cc ni t c chiu di t 2 - 3m v c chn su cnh cc

Phn I. Quy nh chung
tr ca hng ro theo ton b chu vi v cch nhau t 20 - 50m mt cc. Khng

yu cu t cc ni t ny i vi hng ro c cc tr bng kim loi hoc
btng ct thp, nu ct thp ca cc tr ny c ni vi cc chi tit kim
loi ca hng ro.
loi tr lin h v in gia hng ro bn ngoi vi trang b ni t th
khong cch t hng ro n cc chi tit ca trang b ni t b tr dc theo
hng ro pha trong hoc pha ngoi hoc hai pha ca hng ro, khng
c c nh hn 2m. in cc ni t, dy cp c v bc kim loi, ng
ng kim loi i ra ngoi phm vi ca hng ro phi c b tr gia cc tr ca
hng ro, su khng nh hn 0,5m. Nhng ni tip gip gia hng ro
pha ngoi vi cc nh hoc cng trnh xy dng, cng nh nhng ni tip
gip gia hng ro pha ngoi vi hng ro kim loi pha trong phi c xy
gch hoc lp bng g vi chiu di khng nh hn 1m.
I.7.39. Nu trang b ni t ca thit b in cng nghip c ni vi li ni t ca
thit b in c in p ln hn 1kV trung tnh ni t hiu qu bng dy cp c
v bc bng kim loi hoc bng dy kim loi th vic san bng in th xung
quanh nh hoc din tch t thit b in phi tho mn mt trong cc iu kin
sau y:
a. t mt mch vng ni t xung quanh nh hoc din tch t thit b v ni
mch vng ny vi kt cu kim loi ca cng trnh xy dng, thit b sn xut
v vi li ni t (ni trung tnh). Mch vng phi c t su 1m v
cch mng nh hoc chu vi t thit b 1m. ca ra vo nh phi t hai dy
ni t, cch mch vng ni t 1m v 2m su tng ng 1m v 1,5m v
phi ni nhng dy ni t ny vi mch vng.
b. Cho php dng mng btng ct thp lm ni t nu nh m bo c yu
cu v san bng in th.
Khng phi thc hin nhng iu kin nu ra mc a v b nu trn nu nh xung
quanh nh v ca ra vo nh c ri nha ng.
I.7.40. Tr s dng in tnh ton dng tnh dy ni t phi ly bng tr s ln nht

(gi tr n nh) trong cc dng in chm t mt pha ca h thng in v

Phn I. Quy nh chung
c tnh n s phn b dng in chm t gia cc im trung tnh ni

t ca h thng.
Ni t thit b in ti vng c
in tr sut ln
I.7.41. Vic lp t trang b ni t cho thit b in c in p ln hn 1kV trong li

in trung tnh ni t hiu qu, vng t c in tr sut () ln hn
500m, xc nh vo thi gian bt li nht trong nm (o vo ma kh), cn
thc hin theo cc bin php sau:
a. Tng chiu di cc ni t nu in tr sut ca t gim theo su.
b. t in cc ni t ko di (c th t 1 n 2 km) nu gn c nhng
ch c in tr sut ca t nh hn.
c. Ci to t lm gim in tr sut ca t (dng bt st, bt bentnt hoc

than ch v.v. trn vi cc cht ph gia khc).
Trong vng t c , cho php t cc in cc ni t nng hn so vi yu

cu nhng khng c nh hn 0,15m. Ngoi ra khng cn b tr cc ni t
cc ca ra vo.
I.7.42. Vic lp t trang b ni t cho thit b in c in p ln hn 1kV, vng

t c in tr sut ln hn 500m, c php tng gi tr in tr ni t ca
trang b ni t ln n 0,001[] nhng khng c ln hn 5, nu vic
thc hin nh iu I.7.41 c chi ph qu cao.
I.7.43. Trng hp thc hin trang b ni t nh iu I.7.42 vn khng t c

theo yu cu th cho php thc hin theo tiu chun in p tip xc v in
p bc cho php. Cch xc nh in p tip xc v in p bc c th
thc hin theo Ph lc I.7.2.
I.7.44. Trang b ni t phi m bo tr s in p tip xc v in p bc khng

ln hn gi tr qui nh bt k thi gian no trong nm khi c dng ngn
mch chy qua.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
I.7.45. Khi xc nh gi tr in p tip xc v in p bc cho php, thi gian tc

ng tnh ton phi ly bng tng thi gian tc ng ca bo v v thi gian ct
ton phn ca my ct. ch lm vic ca cng nhn khi thc hin cc thao
tc ng ct c th xut hin ngn mch ra cc kt cu m cng nhn c th
chm ti th thi gian tc ng ca thit b bo v phi ly bng thi gian tc
ng ca bo v d phng.

trung tnh cch ly
I.7.46. i vi thit b in trn 1kV trung tnh cch ly, tr s in tr ni t trong
nm c xc nh theo cc cng thc sau y, nhng khng c ln hn
10:
a. Nu trang b ni t ng thi s dng cho c thit b in c in p cao hn
1kV v di 1kV.
125
Rn []
Icd
Trong trng hp ny vn phi thc hin nhng yu cu v ni t cho thit b

in c in p n 1kV.
b. Nu trang b ni t ch s dng ring cho nhng thit b in c in p cao
hn 1kV.
250
Rnd []
Icd
Trong :
Rn: Tr s in tr ni t ln nht khi c tnh n s thay i in tr sut ca
t () theo thi tit trong nm, []
Icd: Dng in chm t tnh ton, [A]
I.7.47. Dng in chm t tnh ton:

1. i vi li in khng c b dng in in dung: l dng in tng chm
t.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
2. i vi li in c b dng in in dung:
Trang b ni t ni vi thit b b - bng 125% dng in danh nh ca
thit b b.
Khi trang b ni t khng ni qua thit b b, dng in tnh ton l
dng in chm t d khi ct thit b b c cng sut ln nht, hoc ct
nhnh li ln nht.
I.7.48. Tr s dng in chm t tnh ton phi xc nh theo s vn hnh ca li
in khi dng in ngn mch c tr s ln nht.
I.7.49. Vi thit b in c trung tnh cch ly, in tr ni t c tnh ton theo iu

I.7.46. Dng in chm t tnh ton c th c xc nh theo dng in tc
ng ca rle bo v chm t mt pha hoc ngn mch gia cc pha nu dng
ngn mch gia cc pha m bo ct chm t.
Dng in chm t tnh ton khng c nh hn 1,5 ln dng in tc ng
ca rle bo v hoc 3 ln dng danh nh ca dy chy.
trung tnh ni t trc tip
I.7.50. Dy trung tnh ca ngun cp in (my pht in, my bin p) phi c ni

chc chn vi trang b ni t bng dy ni t v cc trang b ni t ny cn
t st gn cc thit b trn. Tit din ca dy ni t khng c nh hn quy
nh bng I.7.1 ca iu I.7.72.
Trong cc trng hp ring, nh cc trm bin p bn trong cc phn xng,
cho php t cc trang b ni t trc tip gn ngay tng nh (pha bn
ngoi).
I.7.51. Cc dy pha v dy trung tnh ca my bin p, my pht in n bng phn

phi iu khin, thng thc hin bng thanh dn.
dn in ca thanh dn trung tnh phi khng nh hn 50% ca thanh dn
pha Nu s dng cp thay th cc thanh dn th phi dng cp 4 rut.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
I.7.52. Tr s in tr ni t ca trung tnh my pht in hoc my bin p, hoc u

ra ca ngun in mt pha bt k thi im no trong nm khng c ln
hn 2, 4 tng ng vi in p dy ca ngun in ba pha l 660V, 380V
hoc tng ng vi in p pha ca ngun in mt pha l 380V, 220V. Gi tr
ca in tr ny c tnh n c ni t t nhin v ni t lp li cho dy
trung tnh ca DK. in tr ni t ca cc cc ni t t gn st trung tnh
ca my bin p, my pht in hoc u ra ca ngun in mt pha khng
c ln hn 15; 30 tng ng vi cc gi tr ca in p nh nu trn.
Khi in tr sut ca t ln hn 100m, cho php tng in tr ni t ln
0,01 ln, nhng khng c ln hn 10 ln.
I.7.53. Dy trung tnh phi c ni t lp li ti cc ct cui v ct r nhnh ca

DK. Dc theo dy trung tnh phi ni t lp li vi khong cch thng t
200 n 250m.
ni t lp li trong li in xoay chiu nn s dng cc vt ni t t
nhin, cn i vi li in mt chiu th nht thit phi t trang b ni t
nhn to.
I.7.54. in tr ca tt c cc ni t lp li (k c ni t t nhin) cho dy trung tnh

ca DK bt k thi im no trong nm khng c ln hn 5, 10 tng
ng vi in p dy ca ngun in ba pha l 660V, 380V hoc tng ng vi
in p pha ca ngun mt pha l 380V, 220V. Trong gi tr in tr ca
mi ni t lp li khng c ln hn 15; 30 tng ng vi cc gi tr in
p nu trn.
trung tnh cch ly
I.7.55. i vi thit b in c trung tnh cch ly, tr s in tr ni t ca thit b
in khng c ln hn 4.
Nu cng sut ca my pht in hoc my bin p t 100kVA tr xung th
in tr ni t khng uc ln hn 10.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
Trng hp cc my pht in hoc cc my bin p lm vic song song vi

tng cng sut ca chng khng ln hn 100kVA th tr s in tr ni t
khng c ln hn 10.
I.7.56. Cm s dng t lm dy pha hoc dy trung tnh i vi nhng thit b in

c in p n 1kV.
Ni t cc thit b dng in cm tay
I.7.57. Thit b dng in cm tay ch c nhn in trc tip t li in khi in p

ca li khng c qu 380/220V.
I.7.58. V kim loi ca thit b dng in cm tay c in p trn 36V xoay chiu v
trn 110V mt chiu trong cc gian nguy him hoc rt nguy him phi c
ni t, tr trng hp thit b c cch in hai lp hoc c cp in t
my bin p cch ly.
I.7.59. Phi ni t hoc ni trung tnh cho cc thit b dng in cm tay bng cc
dy ring (dy th ba i vi cc dng c in mt chiu v mt pha xoay
chiu, dy th t cho cc dng c in ba pha). Nn t dy ny trong cng
mt v vi cc dy pha v ni vi v ca dng c in. Khng cho php s
dng dy trung tnh lm vic lm dy ni t.
I.7.60. cp in cho cc thit b dng in cm tay phi s dng nhng cm in

v phch cm chuyn dng. Loi cm v phch cm ny m bo khng cm
nhm cc ni t vi cc dng in v khi cm th cc ni t tip xc trc
cc dng in, khi ngt in th cc ni t c ct sau cng. Nu cm in
c v bng kim loi, phi ni v kim loi vi cc ni t. Dy dn v pha
ngun cung cp phi c u vo cm, cn dy dn v pha dng c in
phi c u vo phch cm.
I.7.61. Dy ni t ca cc thit b dng in cm tay dng trong cng nghip phi
bng dy ng mm v c tit din ln hn 1,5mm2, cn i vi thit b dng
in cm tay dng trong sinh hot th tit din phi ln hn 0,75mm2.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
Ni t thit b in di ng
I.7.62. Cc trm pht in di ng phi c trang b ni t ging nh qui nh trong
iu I.7.59.
I.7.63. i vi thit b di ng nhn in t ngun in c nh hoc t trm pht in

di ng phi ni v ca thit b ti trang b ni t ca ngun cung cp in.
Trong li in c trung tnh cch ly nn b tr trang b ni t cho thit b
in di ng ngay bn cnh thit b. Tr s in tr ni t phi tho mn cc
yu cu ca iu I.7.55. Nn u tin s dng cc vt ni t t nhin gn .
I.7.64. Nu vic ni t cho thit b in di ng khng th thc hin c hoc khng

p ng c yu cu ca quy phm ny th phi thay th vic ni t bng
vic ct bo v ct in p a vo thit b khi b chm t.
I.7.65. Khng yu cu ni t cho thit b in di ng trong cc trng hp di y:

a. Nu thit b in di ng c mt my pht in ring (khng cp in cho cc
thit b khc) t trc tip ngay trn my v trn mt b kim loi chung.
b. Nu cc thit b in di ng (vi s lng khng ln hn 2) nhn in t
trm pht in di ng ring (khng cung cp in cho cc thit b khc) vi
khong cch t thit b di ng n trm pht in khng qu 50m v v ca
cc thit b di ng c ni vi v ca ngun pht in bng dy dn.
I.7.66. La chn dy ni t, dy ni v cho nhng thit b di ng phi ph hp vi

cc yu cu ca quy phm ny.
Dy ni t, dy trung tnh bo v v dy ni v ca thit b phi l dy
ng mm c tit din bng tit din dy pha v nn cng trong mt v
vi cc dy pha.
Trong li in c trung tnh cch ly, cho php t dy ni t v dy ni v
ring bit vi dy pha. Trong trng hp ny tit din ca chng khng c
nh hn 2,5mm2.
lm dy ni v ca ngun cp in vi v ca thit b di ng c th s
dng:
a. Li th 5 ca dy cp trong li in ba pha c dy trung tnh lm vic.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
b. Li th 4 ca dy cp trong li in ba pha khng c dy trung tnh lm

vic.
c. Li th ba ca dy cp trong li in mt pha.
Trang b ni t
I.7.67. Khi thit k ni t cho thit b in phi xc nh tr s in tr sut ca t

bng cch o ti hin trng. Tr s in tr sut s dng trong tnh ton thit
k phi xc nh bng cch nhn tr s o c vi h s ma.
Ghi ch: H s ma l h s ph thuc vo s thay i thi tit trong mt nm

(gia ma ma v ma kh) t ti tr s in tr sut bt li nht trong
nm.
I.7.68. Khi thit k ni t nn s dng cc vt ni t t nhin.
Cc b phn sau y c s dng lm ni t t nhin:

a. ng dn nc v ng dn bng kim loi chn trong t, tr cc ng ng
dn cht lng d chy, kh v hp cht chy, n.
b. ng chn trong t ca ging khoan.
c. Kt cu kim loi v b tng ct thp nm trong t ca to nh v cng trnh
xy dng.
d. ng ng kim loi ca cng trnh thu li.
e. V bc ch ca dy cp t trong t. Khng c php s dng v nhm
ca dy cp lm cc ni t t nhin.
f. ng ray ca cn trc, ng ray ni b x nghip nu nh gia cc thanh
ray c ni vi nhau bng cu ni.
B phn ni t t nhin phi c ni ti trang b ni t nhn to (ni t
chnh) t nht ti 2 im.
I.7.69. in cc ni t nhn to c th s dng cc thp ng, thp trn, thp dt, thp
gc ng thng ng hoc thp trn, thp dt v.v. t nm ngang.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
Kch thc nh nht ca cc in cc ca trang b ni t theo quy nh

bng I.7.1. Ti nhng ni d b n mn, cc in cc ca trang b ni t phi
c m ng hoc m km. Trng hp c bit, ti nhng ni c nhiu cht
n mn kim loi mnh, ngoi vic m trn cn phi tng tit din ca cc in
cc ca trang b ni t v phi c ch kim tra thng xuyn.
in cc chn trong t ca trang b ni t khng c qut nha ng
hoc cc lp sn cch in khc.
Dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v
I.7.70. Phi u tin dng dy trung tnh lm vic lm dy trung tnh bo v.
lm dy ni t ph v dy trung tnh bo v, cho php s dng cc vt dn

t nhin di y:
a. Kt cu kim loi ca ngi nh (ko, ct, gi thit b, ct thp ca ct b
tng ct thp v.v.).
b. Kt cu kim loi trong sn xut (ng ray, cu trc, khung kim loi ca cc
b phn giao thng i li (thang my, hm sn v.v.).
c. ng thp ca thit b in.
d. ng kim loi dn nc, thot nc, dn hi nhit (tr cc ng dn cht chy

n) ca cc thit b in in p n 1kV.
e. V cp bng nhm.
f. Kt cu kim loi ca ct btng c hoc btng ly tm.
Khi s dng chng lm dy ni t chnh th phi p ng cc yu cu ca dy

ni t trong quy phm ny.
Nhng vt dn in t nhin phi c ni ti trang b ni t chc chn, lin

mch.
I.7.71. Cm s dng v kim loi ca dy dn kiu ng, cp treo ca ng dn in,

v kim loi ca ng cch in, tay nm kim loi, v ch ca dy v cp in

Phn I. Quy nh chung
lm dy ni t hoc dy trung tnh bo v. Ch cho php dng v ch ca cp

vo mc ch trn trong ci to li in thnh ph c in p 380/220V.
Trong cc gian v thit b ngoi tri c yu cu ni t, ni trung tnh th v

kim loi ni trn phi c ni t chc chn trn ton b chiu di. Hp cp
v hp u dy cn c ni vi v kim loi bng cch hn hoc bng bulng.
Cc mi ni bng bulng phi c bin php chng g v chng ni lng.
Dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v t trong nh v ngoi tri phi tip cn

c kim tra. Vic kim tra khng p dng cho dy trung tnh ca cp bc,
ct thp ca kt cu btng ct thp, cng nh dy ni t t trong ng, hp
hoc kt cu xy dng.
Dy ni t bng thp t ngoi tri phi m km.
I.7.72. Dy ni t bng ng hoc nhm hoc thp phi c kch thc khng nh hn
tr s quy nh trong bng I.7.1.
Cm s dng dy nhm trn chn trong t lm dy ni t.
I.7.73. Vi nhng thit b in c in p cao hn 1kV v dng in chm t ln, tit

din ca dy ni t phi m bo khi c dng in chm t tnh ton mt pha
chy qua m nhit ca dy ni t khng vt qu 400oC (iu kin pht
nng ngn hn ph hp vi thi gian ct ca thit b bo v chnh).
Bng I.7.1. Kch thc nh nht ca dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v
Thp
Tn ng Nhm Trong Ngoi Trong
nh tri t
Dy trn:
-
Tit din, mm2 4 6 - - -
-
ng knh, mm - - 5 6 10
Tit din dy cch in,
mm2 1,5(*) 2,5 - - -
Tit din rut ni t v
ni trung tnh ca cp
hoc dy nhiu rut

Phn I. Quy nh chung
trong v bo v chung
vi cc rut pha, mm2 1 2,5 - - -
Chiu dy cnh thp gc,
mm - - 2 2,5 4
Tit din thp thanh,
mm2 - - 24 48 48
Chiu dy, mm - - 3 4 4
ng:
Chiu dy thnh ng, - 2,5 2,5 2,5 3,5
mm
ng thp mng:
Khng
Chiu dy thnh ng, - - 1,5 2,5
cho php
mm
Ghi ch: Khi t dy trong ng, tit din ca dy trung tnh bo v c php
bng 1mm2 nu dy pha c cng tit din.
I.7.74. Vi nhng thit b in c in p cao hn 1kV v dng in chm t nh, tit

din ca dy ni t phi m bo khi c dng in chm t tnh ton mt pha
m nhit pht nng lu di ca dy ni t t ngm di t khng vt qu
150oC.
I.7.75. Thit b in n 1kV v cao hn c trung tnh cch ly, in dn ca dy ni

t khng c nh hn 1/3 in dn ca dy pha, cn tit din khng nh hn
tr s trong bng I.7.1, v khng cn ly ln hn 120mm2 nu l dy thp,
khng ln hn 35mm2 nu l dy nhm, v khng ln hn 25mm2 nu l dy
ng.
Trong nh xng sn xut, li ni t chnh dng thanh thp phi c tit din
khng nh hn 100mm2. C th dng thp trn cng tit din.
I.7.76. i vi thit b in c in p n 1kV trung tnh ni t trc tip, m bo

kh nng ct t ng khu vc xy ra s c, tit din dy pha v dy trung tnh
bo v phi chn sao cho khi chm v hoc chm dy trung tnh bo v, dng
in ngn mch khng nh hn:
a. 3 ln dng in danh nh ca dy chy cu chy gn nht.
b. 3 ln dng in danh nh ca phn t ct khng iu chnh c hoc dng
in chnh nh phn t ct iu chnh c ca ptmt c c tnh dng in
quan h ngc.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
bo v li in bng ptmt ch c phn t ct in t (ct nhanh), tit

din ca dy phi m bo dng in chy qua khng nh hn mc chnh nh
dng in khi ng tc thi nhn vi h s phn tn (theo s liu ca nh ch
to) v h s d tr 1,1. Khi khng c s liu ca nh ch to, i vi ptmt
c dng in danh nh n 100A, bi s dng in ngn mch so vi mc
chnh nh phi khng nh hn 1,4; i vi ptmt c dng in danh nh
trn 100A - khng nh hn 1,25.
Tit din ca dy trung tnh bo v, trong mi trng hp phi khng nh hn
50% tit din ca dy pha.
Nu yu cu trn khng p ng c gi tr dng in chm v hoc chm dy
trung tnh bo v th vic ct dng ngn mch ny phi bng thit b bo v c
bit.
I.7.77. Thit b in c in p n 1kV trung tnh ni t trc tip, dy trung tnh bo

v nn t chung v bn cnh cc dy pha.
Dy trung tnh lm vic phi tnh ton m bo dng in lm vic lu di.
Dy trung tnh lm vic c th l dy cch in c cch in nh dy pha. Vic
cch in dy trung tnh lm vic cng nh dy trung tnh bo v bt buc
nhng ch nu dng dy trn c th to ra cp in ngu hoc lm h hng
cch in ca dy pha do tia la gia dy trung tnh trn v v hoc kt cu (v
d khi t dy trong ng, hp, mng). Khng yu cu cch in nu dng v
hoc kt cu ca b thanh ci (trn gi hoc trong thit b hp b) lm dy
trung tnh lm vic v bo v, cng nh vi v nhm hoc ch ca cp (xem thm
iu I.7.71).
Trong gian sn xut, mi trng bnh thng, c php dng kt cu kim loi,
ng, v v kt cu thanh ci lm dy trung tnh lm vic (xem thm iu I.7.70)
khi:
Cp in cho ph ti n l mt pha c cng sut nh, in p n 42V.
Cp in mt pha cho cun dy ng ct ca khi ng t hoc cngtct.
Cp in mt pha cho thit b chiu sng v mch iu khin tn hiu ca
cu trc bng mt pha.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
I.7.78. Khng cho php dng dy trung tnh lm vic lm dy trung tnh bo v cho
cc dng c in cm tay mt pha hoc mt chiu. Dy trung tnh bo v phi
l dy ring th ba u vo cm ba cc.
I.7.79. Khng c t cu chy hoc thit b ct trong mch dy ni t v dy trung

tnh bo v.
Mch dy trung tnh lm vic ng thi lm trung tnh bo v c th cng ct
ng thi vi dy pha.
Nu dng thit b ct mt cc, bt buc phi t dy pha, khng c t
dy trung tnh.
I.7.80. Khng c php dng dy trung tnh lm vic ca ng dy ny lm dy

trung tnh ca thit b in c cung cp t ng dy khc.
c php dng dy trung tnh lm vic ca ng dy chiu sng lm dy
trung tnh ca thit b in c cung cp t ng dy khc nu ng dy
trn c cung cp t cng mt my bin p, tit din dy trung tnh lm vic
phi ln p ng trong mi trng hp v loi tr kh nng b ct khi
ng dy khc k trn ang lm vic. Trong trng hp ny, khng c
dng thit b ct ct dy trung tnh lm vic cng vi dy pha.
I.7.81. Trong li in trn khng in p n 1kV c trung tnh ni t trc tip, tr

s dng in ngn mch dng kim tra kh nng ct khi c ngn mch gia
cc pha vi dy trung tnh c xc nh theo cng thc gn ng di y:
Up
Ik =
Zbt
Ztp +
3
Trong :
Up: in p pha ca li in
Ztp = rtp2 + xtp2 : tng tr ton phn im nt ca mch vng gia dy pha
v dy trung tnh ly bng 0,6/km.
Zbt: tng tr ca my bin p.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
Ch tnh n Zbt trong cng thc trn nu ng mch vo my bin p 3 pha

Y/y - 12 v khi Zbt ly theo s liu ca nh ch to. Cn cc trng hp
khc khng a Zbt vo cng thc tnh ton.
I.7.82. Trong nhng gian m t v c hi n mn th dy ni t phi t cch tng

t nht 10mm.
I.7.83. Dy ni t phi c bo v chng h hng v c hc v ho hc, lu

nhng ch giao cho vi ng cp, ng dn, ng st v.v. Bo v chng h
hng v ho hc phi c bit ch ti nhng khu vc c mi trng d n
mn.
I.7.84. Dy ni t xuyn qua tng phi c t trong nhng l h, lun trong ng

hoc v bc cng.
I.7.85. Khng cho php s dng dy ni t vo cc mc ch khc. Ch cho php s

dng dy ni t ni tm thi vo my hn nu tit din ca dy ni t m
bo dn c dng in hn chy qua. Ch c s dng dy trung tnh ni vo
mch iu khin ca my cng c trong trng hp c bit.
I.7.86. Ti ch dy ni t vo cng trnh phi c nhng k hiu ring d quan st.
Dy ni t t trn, cc kt cu ca trang b ni t pha trn mt t phi

sn mu tm hoc en.
Trong nhng gian c yu cu cao v trang tr, cho php sn dy ni t ph

hp vi mu ca gian phng, nhng ti ch ni hoc phn nhnh ca dy ni
t phi sn 2 vch mu tm hoc en cch nhau 150mm. ng dy in
nhnh 2 dy, trong dy trung tnh c s dng lm dy ni t th ti ch
hn hoc ch ni ca dy trung tnh cng phi sn mu tm.
I.7.87. Mi ni gia dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v vi nhau phi m bo tip

xc tt bng cch hn trc tip hoc kho ni chuyn dng. Mi hn phi c
chiu di chng ln nhau bng 2 ln b rng ca thanh ni nu l tit din ch
nht, hoc 6 ln ng knh ca thanh ni nu l tit din trn.
Trn cc DK c php ni dy trung tnh ging nh ni ca dy pha.

Phn I. Quy nh chung
Mi ni trong gian m t, c hi hoc kh n mn kim loi phi thc hin

bng cch hn. Trng hp khng c iu kin hn, cho php ni bng bulng
nhng mi ni phi c sn bo v. Mi ni phi tip cn c kim tra
I.7.88. Khi s dng cc vt dn nu trong iu I.7.70 lm dy ni t phi tho

mn cc yu cu sau:
a. Mi ni ca chng phi tip xc chc chn v phi m bo dn in lin

tc sut chiu di ca vt dn.
b. Khi s dng cc kt cu kim loi k tip nhau lm dy ni t phi ni

chng vi nhau bng cc thanh dn c tit din khng nh hn 100mm2 v ni
bng hn. Khi s dng cc kt cu i vi thit b in c in p n 1kV
trung tnh ni t trc tip phi ni chng bng cu dn c tit din ging nh
dy ni t.
I.7.89. Nhng ng thp lun dy dn in, hp mng v kt cu khc s dng lm dy

ni t hoc dy trung tnh bo v phi c ni vi nhau chc chn.
Trng hp ng thp t h c th s dng cc mng sng ni trn lp sn

minium hoc s dng cc kt cu ni khc c tip xc chc chn.
Trng hp ng thp t kn ch c php ni bng mng sng xit cht

trn lp sn minium.
Khi mi ni c nhng on ren di, trn mi pha ca n phi c ai c

hm.
Trng hp t kn cng nh t h trong li in c trung tnh ni t phi

c 2 mi hn ti mi pha ca u ni ng (trng hp ny khng cn t ai
c hm nu t h).
Khi dy dn in lun trong cc ng thp v cc ng thp ny c s dng

lm dy ni t, ti u vo phi c ni kim loi gia ng thp v v thit b
in.
I.7.90. Ni dy ni t vi in cc ni t ko di (v d ng dn) phi ni ti u

dn vo cng trnh bng cch hn. Nu khng c iu kin hn th cho php s

Phn I. Quy nh chung
dng cc ai gi, khi ni phi co sch ng v m thic ti mt tip xc ca

chng trc khi t ai.
I.7.91. Vic ni dy ni t ti cc kt cu ni t phi bng cch hn, vic ni dy ni

t ti thit b my mc v.v. c th bng cch hn hoc bulng ni chc chn.
Cc mi ni ny trn b phn rung ng hoc chn ng phi c bin php
m bo tip xc tt (ai c hm, vng m hm).
Dy ni t hoc trung tnh bo v cho thit b thng xuyn b tho lp hoc

t trn b phn chuyn ng phi bng dy dn mm.
I.7.92. im trung tnh ca my bin p hoc my pht in ni t trc tip hoc qua
thit b b dng in in dung phi c ni ti li ni t hoc thanh ni
t chnh bng dy ni t ring.
I.7.93. H ni t an ton, ni t lm vic v ni t chng st phi c ni ti

li ni t bng dy nhnh ring.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Ph lc I.3.1
Tnh ton kim tra dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn trn
Dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn trn theo iu kin pht nng do dng in
v do bc x mt tri c tnh bng cng thc sau:
Ws
h w + hr . . .d.

I=
R 20 dc . [1 + .(T + 20 )]
Trong :
I: Dng in lu di cho php [A]
d: ng knh ngoi ca dy dn [cm]
: tng nhit cho php trn dy dn [C]
T: Nhit khng kh ng vi thi im kim tra
v thng chn nhit khng kh cao nht (C)
: H s tng in tr do nhit (1/C)
R20 dc : in tr dy dn in 20oC vi dng in mt chiu (/cm)
Ws : Nng lng bc x mt tri (W/cm)
: H s pht nhit (chn bng 0,9)
: T s gia in tr xoay chiu v mt chiu
v : Tc gi tnh ton (m/s)
h w : H s tn nhit do i lu c tnh bng cng thc thc nghim Rice nh sau:
v
h w = 0.000572. d (W/C.cm2)
0.123

273 + T +
2
hr : H s tn nhit do bc x (nh lut Stefan Boltzmann)

c tnh bng cng thc sau:
4 4
273 + T + 273 + T

100 100
h r = 0.000567. (W/C.cm2)


Phn I: Quy nh chung
I. Cc tr s la chn trong tnh ton
1. Nng lng bc x mt tri: tham kho cc s liu tnh ton ca cc nc khu

vc ln cn, la chn:
Ws = 0,1 W/cm2
2. Tc gi tnh ton:
v = 0,6 m/s
3. Nhit khng kh T ph thuc thi im kim tra dng in lu di cho php,
iu kin bt li nht l chn nhit khng kh cao nht v ph hp vi iu kin kh
hu Vit Nam T = 40C.
4. H s tng in tr do nhit ph thuc vt liu dy dn
i vi dy nhm li thp, thng thng = 0,00403
i vi dy hp kim nhm = 0,00360
i vi dy ng = 0,00393
5. T s gia in tr xoay chiu v mt chiu c th tham kho bng 1 cho cc
loi dy nhm li thp thng dng.
6. tng nhit cho php trn dy dn ph thuc nhit cho php trn dy
dn v nhit khng kh T (= 40C iu kin kh hu Vit Nam).
i vi dy nhm li thp, dy hp kim nhm: nhit cho php trn dy
dn t ti 90C trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng, ngha l:
= 90C - 40C = 50C
i vi dy siu nhit (TAL): nhit cho php trn dy dn t ti 150oC
trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng, ngha l:
= 150C - 40C = 110C
i vi dy cc siu nhit (ZTAL): nhit cho php trn dy dn t ti
o
210 C trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng, ngha l:
= 210C - 40C = 170C
Dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn ph thuc nhiu vo thi im kim tra. V
d nu kim tra vo ban m, nhit khng kh T = 25C, nng lng bc x mt tri
Ws = 0, cho kt qu dng in lu di cho php tng ln ng k so vi ban ngy.

Phn I: Quy nh chung
II. T s in tr AC/DC ( RAC/RDC)
ca dy nhm rut thp tng cng (loi ACSR)
Nhit , oC 60 70 80 90
RDC 20oC
Tn s, Hz 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60 (/km)
240mm2 RAC/RDC 1.002 1.003 1.002 1.003 1.002 1.002 1.002 1.002 0.1200
330mm2 RAC/RDC 1.004 1.006 1.004 1.006 1.004 1.005 1.004 1.005 0.0888
410mm2 RAC/RDC 1.007 1.010 1.006 1.009 1.006 1.009 1.006 1.008 0.0702
610mm2 RAC/RDC 1.032 1.039 1.041 1.048 1.045 1.052 1.048 1.055 0.0474
810mm2 RAC/RDC 1.048 1.063 1.056 1.070 1.060 1.073 1.061 1.074 0.0356
Nhit , oC 100 110 120

RDC 20oC
Tn s, Hz 50 60 50 60 50 60 (/km)
240mm2 RAC/RDC 1.002 1.002 1.002 1.002 1.001 1.002 0.1200
330mm2 RAC/RDC 1.003 1.005 1.003 1.004 1.003 1.004 0.0888
410mm2 RAC/RDC 1.005 1.008 1.005 1.007 1.005 1.007 0.0702
610mm2 RAC/RDC 1.050 1.055 1.051 1.056 1.052 1.057 0.0474
810mm2 RAC/RDC 1.062 1.074 1.063 1.074 1.063 1.074 0.0356

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Ph lc I.3.2
Chn dy chng st
Dy chng st c la chn ch yu l p ng c iu kin n nh nhit khi

ngn mch mt pha. Dng in ngn mch cho php trn dy chng st c tnh bng
cng thc sau:
K .S
I=
t
Trong : I: dng in ngn mch cho php (A)

t: thi gian tn ti ngn mch (giy)
S: tit din dy chng st (mm2)
K: hng s ph thuc vt liu ch to dy chng st:
i vi dy nhm li thp k = 93
i vi dy thp m km k = 56
i vi dy thp ph nhm k = 91117
Thng dng cho dy chng st c kt hp cp quang.
Kh nng chu n nh nhit khi ngn mch mt pha ca dy chng st c so

snh bng i lng c trng [kA2s].
V d dng in ngn mch cho php trn dy chng st tnh c l I = 10kA, thi
gian tn ti ngn mch t = 0,5s, kh nng chu n nh nhit ca dy chng st s l:
(10kA)2.0,5s = 50kA2s
Trong thc hnh c th dng cc biu dng tnh ton dng in tc thi cho
php v so snh vi dng in ngn mch I N(1) mt pha ca h thng in ti v tr cn
kim tra, iu kin n nh nhit s m bo khi: I I N .
(1)

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Dng in tc thi cho php ca dy li thp
Thi gian (s)

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Tiet dien (mm2)
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 1.77 1.25 1.02 0.89 0.79 0.72 0.67
20 3.54 2.50 2.04 1.77 1.58 1.45 1.34
30 5.31 3.76 3.07 2.66 2.38 2.17 2.01
40 7.08 5.01 4.09 3.54 3.17 2.89 2.68
50 8.85 6.26 5.11 4.43 3.96 3.61 3.35
60 10.63 7.51 6.13 5.31 4.75 4.34 4.02
70 12.40 8.77 7.16 6.20 5.54 5.06 4.69
80 14.17 10.02 8.18 7.08 6.34 5.78 5.35
90 15.94 11.27 9.20 7.97 7.13 6.51 6.02
100 17.71 12.52 10.22 8.85 7.92 7.23 6.69
110 19.48 13.77 11.25 9.74 8.71 7.95 7.36
120 21.25 15.03 12.27 10.63 9.50 8.68 8.03
130 23.02 16.28 13.29 11.51 10.30 9.40 8.70
140 24.79 17.53 14.31 12.40 11.09 10.12 9.37
150 26.56 18.78 15.34 13.28 11.88 10.84 10.04
160 28.33 20.04 16.36 14.17 12.67 11.57 10.71
170 30.10 21.29 17.38 15.05 13.46 12.29 11.38
180 31.88 22.54 18.40 15.94 14.26 13.01 12.05
190 33.65 23.79 19.43 16.82 15.05 13.74 12.72
200 35.42 25.04 20.45 17.71 15.84 14.46 13.39

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Dng in tc thi cho php ca dy nhm li thp v dy

thp ph nhm
Thi gian (s)

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Tiet dien (mm2)
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 2.94 2.08 1.70 1.47 1.32 1.20 1.11
20 5.88 4.16 3.40 2.94 2.63 2.40 2.22
30 8.82 6.24 5.09 4.41 3.95 3.60 3.33
40 11.76 8.32 6.79 5.88 5.26 4.80 4.45
50 14.70 10.40 8.49 7.35 6.58 6.00 5.56
60 17.65 12.48 10.19 8.82 7.89 7.20 6.67
70 20.59 14.56 11.89 10.29 9.21 8.40 7.78
80 23.53 16.64 13.58 11.76 10.52 9.60 8.89
90 26.47 18.72 15.28 13.23 11.84 10.81 10.00
100 29.41 20.80 16.98 14.70 13.15 12.01 11.12
110 32.35 22.87 18.68 16.18 14.47 13.21 12.23
120 35.29 24.95 20.38 17.65 15.78 14.41 13.34
130 38.23 27.03 22.07 19.12 17.10 15.61 14.45
140 41.17 29.11 23.77 20.59 18.41 16.81 15.56
150 44.11 31.19 25.47 22.06 19.73 18.01 16.67
160 47.05 33.27 27.17 23.53 21.04 19.21 17.79
170 50.00 35.35 28.86 25.00 22.36 20.41 18.90
180 52.94 37.43 30.56 26.47 23.67 21.61 20.01
190 55.88 39.51 32.26 27.94 24.99 22.81 21.12
200 58.82 41.59 33.96 29.41 26.30 24.01 22.23
Gi tr dng in tc thi (kA)

Phn I: Quy nh chung
Ph lc I.7.1
Cc s ni trung tnh thit b
1. S c dy trung tnh bo v v dy trung tnh lm vic chung:
2. S c dy trung tnh bo v tch mt phn:

Phn I: Quy nh chung
3. S c dy trung tnh lm vic v dy trung tnh bo v ring:
Ph lc I.7.2
Cch tnh in p tip xc v in p bc cho php
(Chi tit tham kho tiu chun IEEE Std 80-2000)
Tr s in p tip xc v in p bc cho php c tnh nh sau:
0,116
1. Etouch = (1000 + 1,5Cs . s )
ts
0,116
2. Estep = (1000 + 6Cs . s )
ts
Trong Etouch: in p tip xc cho php, V
Estep : in p bc cho php, V

0,09(1 )
s
Cs = 1 l h s suy gim b mt
2hs + 0,09
s : in tr sut ca lp vt liu b mt, m
: in tr sut ca t, m
hs : chiu dy lp vt liu b mt
ts: thi gian dng in qua ngi (ly bng tng thi gian tc ng ca bo v
v thi gian ct ton phn ca my ct), giy
Nu khng c lp b mt th = s v Cs = 1.

Quy Pham Trang Bi Dien - Phan I 11TCN - 18 - 2006 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Quy Pham Trang Bi Dien - Phan I 11TCN - 18 - 2006 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam

I.1.1. Quy phm trang b in (QT) p dng cho cc cng trnh in xy mi v ci

I.1.2. Trang b in l tp hp v kt ni cc thit b in dng sn xut, bin i,

I.1.3. Trang b in ngoi tri bao gm cc thit b in c lp t ngoi tri.

Trang b in ngoi tri kiu h: bao gm cc thit b in khng c bo

Trang b in ngoi tri kiu kn: bao gm cc thit b in c v bc chng

I.1.4. Trang b in trong nh: bao gm cc thit b in c lp t trong nh hoc

Trang b in trong nh kiu h: bao gm cc thit b in khng c bo v

Trang b in trong nh kiu kn: bao gm cc thit b c bo v hon ton

Quy phm trang b in Trang 1

I.1.5. Gian in l gian nh hoc phn ca gian nh c ngn ring t thit b

I.1.6. Gian kh l gian c m tng i khng vt qu 75%. Khi khng c nhng

I.1.7. Gian m l gian c m tng i vt qu 75%.

I.1.8. Gian rt m l gian c m tng i xp x 100% (trn, tng, sn nh v

I.1.10. Gian hoc ni bi l gian hoc ni c nhiu bi.

I.1.12. Cn c vo mc nguy him do dng in gy ra i vi ngi, cc gian

Quy phm trang b in Trang 2

b. Mi trng hot tnh ho hc (xem iu I.1.11).

I.1.13. Mc n: Khi xy mi hoc ci to cc cng trnh in cn p dng cc bin php

I.1.14. Bc x mt tri: Trang thit b in t trong nh c th b qua nh hng ca

Thit b in t ngoi tri cn c nhng bin php c bit m bo nhit

Trong gian in c cc thit b cha kh SF6 b tr pha trn hoc mt t, yu

Trong gian in c cc thit b cha kh SF6 t di mt t th cn phi thng

Quy phm trang b in Trang 3

Bng I.1.1: Mc n ti a cho php khu vc cng cng v dn c (n v dB):

Khu vc cn c bit yn tnh nh:

Khu dn c, khch sn, nh ngh, c

Khu dn c xen k trong khu vc

My bin p hoc khng in c du phi c b cha du ring hoc kt hp b

Quy phm trang b in Trang 4

Bng I.1.2: Mc p sut m ti mt s v tr lm vic

Mc p Mc m cc cta di trung tn [Hz],

I.1.18. Thit b in kiu chng chy n l my in hoc kh c in c php dng

I.1.19. Vt liu k thut in l nhng vt liu c cc tnh cht xc nh i vi trng

Quy phm trang b in Trang 5

I.1.20. Theo tnh cht l hc, vt liu k thut in c chia thnh:

I.1.21. Theo bc chu la, vt liu v kt cu xy dng c chia thnh 3 nhm nu

I.1.22. in p danh nh ca h thng in (Nominal voltage of a system)

I.1.23. Gi tr nh mc (Rated value)

I.1.24. in p vn hnh h thng in (Operating voltage in a system)

I.1.26. in p cao nht i vi thit b (Highest voltage for equipment)

Quy phm trang b in Trang 6

Bng I.1.3: Phn loi kt cu xy dng theo bc chu la

Chia nhm theo Mc chy ca vt liu Mc chy ca cu kin

I.1.27. Cp in p (Voltage level)

I.1.28. lch in p (Voltage deviation)

I.1.29. st in p ng dy (Line voltage drop)

Quy phm trang b in Trang 7

I.1.30. Dao ng in p (Voltage fluctuation)

I.1.31. Qu in p (trong h thng) (Overvoltage (in a system))

I.1.32. Qu in p tm thi (Temporary overvoltage)

I.1.33. Qu in p qu (Transient overvoltage)

I.1.34. Dng in p (Voltage surge)

I.1.35. Phc hi in p (Voltage recovery)

I.1.36. S khng cn bng in p (Voltage unbalance)

I.1.37. Qu in p thao tc (Switching overvoltage)

Quy phm trang b in Trang 8

I.1.38. Qu in p st (Lightning overvoltage)

I.1.39. Qu in p cng hng (Resonant overvoltage)

I.1.40. H s khng cn bng (Unbalance factor)

I.1.41. Cp cch in (Insulation level)

I.1.42. Cch in ngoi (External insulation)

I.1.43. Cch in trong (Internal insulation)