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ENGLESKI JEZIK POSLOVNI 1 Prirucnik PDF
ENGLESKI JEZIK POSLOVNI 1 Prirucnik PDF
ENGLISH LANGUAGE I
ADDITIONAL MATERIAL & TESTS
Belgrade, 2009
Prirunik English language I je napisan, prevashodno, kao dodatni materijal
biznis, Univerziteta UNION u Beogradu na predmetu Engleski jezik I, ali ga, zbog
svog sadraja, mogu koristiti svi oni koji ele da unaprede svoje znanje poslovnog
engleskog jezika. Materijal prati teme i gramatike partije predstavljene u prvom delu
cilju pomoi studentima da lake usvoje predvieni program. Takoe, Prirunik sadri i
Engleski jezik 1 iz nekih ranijih ispitnih rokova kako bi studenti lake sagledali ta ih na
Autorka poziva studente da daju svoje ideje i sugestije u vezi sa ovim gradivom, kako bi
neka sledea izdanja Prirunika bila od vee koristi na njihovom putu da savladaju
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UNIT 1 GLOBALISATION
I VOCABULARY
a) infrastructure __________________________
b) issues _________________________________
c) profitability _____________________________
f) head-quarters ___________________________
g) acquisition ______________________________
i) consortium ______________________________
j) franchising ______________________________
k) licensing ________________________________
m) subsidiary ______________________________
2. Choose 5 words/phrases from the above exercise and make your own sentences:
1. _________________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________
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3. _________________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________
5. _________________________________________________________________
1. in-plant ________________________________________________________
7. respondent _______________________________________________________
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5. Answer the questions:
II GRAMMAR
Iz samih ovih primera se moe izvesti zakljuak na koji nain se komparativ i superlativ
grade. Naime, kratki pridevi (jednosloni) grade komparativ dodavanjem sufiksa ER, a
superlativ dodavanjem sufiksa EST na pozitiv prideva. Dugi (sa tri i vie sloga) grade
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tanije onima koji imaju tano 2 sloga. U tom sluaju, oni se ponaaju kao jednosloni
S obzirom da je kod komparacije prideva prisutno poredjenje dve ili vie stvari, uz
Posebnu grupu ine oni pridevi koji imaju nepravilnu komparaciju, tj. nemaju pomenute
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Ukoliko elimo da uporedimo dve stvari koje su podjednakog kvaliteta upotrebiemo isti
My car is AS FAST AS your car. Moj auto je podjednako brz kao i tvoj.
1. Make comparatives:
(experienced)
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2. Make superlatives:
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UNIT 2 BRANDS
I VOCABULARY
c) counterfeiter _____________________________
g) fake ______________________________
h) merchandise ____________________________
2. Choose 5 words/phrases from the above exercise and make your own sentences:
1. _______________________________________________________________
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2. _______________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________
5. _________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
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5. Answer the questions:
II GRAMMAR
Za govornike srpskog jezika, razlika izmedju vremena Simple Past Tense (trajnog
prolog vremena) i Present Perfect Tense (koje predstavlja jedno od sadanjih vremena u
engleskom jeziku) moe predstavljati veliki problem, s obzirom da se oba na srpski jezik
prevode prolim vremenom, tj. Present Perfect Tense u naem jeziku ne postoji.
Postavlja se pitanje kako onda prevesti sa srpskog na engleski jezik reenicu koja je na
reenice jasno kada se radnja dogodila, tj. da li je ta prolost vremenski odredjena. Npr. iz
reenice Kupio sam novi auto ne vidi se kada se to desilo. Samim tim, govornik
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pohvali da je do pomenute radnje dolo nego da je stavi u odredjeni vremenski trenutak.
Zbog toga emo tu reenicu (iako je na srpskom jeziku izgovorena u prolom vremenu)
prevesti sadanjim vremenom i upotrebiti Present Perfect Tense, pa e ona glasiti I have
bought a new car. Ukoliko, pak, govornik navede vreme kupovine auta i kae, recimo,
Kupio sam novi auto pre dve nedelje, sama upotreba ove prole vremenske odrednice
ukazuje nam da reenicu moramo prevesti trajnim prolim vremenom, tj. upotrebiemo
Simple Past Tense i onda e prevod glasiti I bought a new car two weeks ago.
Da sumiramo, Present Perfect Tense je sadanje vreme i kao takvo spaja prolost sa
sadanjim trenutkom, tj. posledicom neke zavrene radnje koju imamo u sadanjosti
(govornik ima nova kola SADA iako ih je kupio u nekoj vremenski nedefinisanoj
prolosti). Ono se koristi i da saoptimo neko svoje iskustvo, javimo neku vest ili se
Simple Past Tense je prolo vreme kojim se opisuje radnja koja je zavrena u nekoj
vremenski odredjenoj prolosti. Zbog toga u reenici mora postojati vremenska odrednica
koja nam ukazuje kada se tano radnja dogodila ili ukoliko je nema, sagovornik mora biti
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I visited my parents yesterday.
U odabiru vremena nam mnogo mogu pomoi i tzv. prilozi za vreme. Za Simple Past
Tense oni nam jasno pokazuju da je do radnje dolo u prolosti, tako da su nam pouzdan
YESTERDAY, LAST, AGO, IN 1999, WHEN I WAS A CHILD... Medjutim, oni koji
LATELY...
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e) I ____________ (study) French when I was in school, but I
last year.
nothing ____________________(decide).
address?
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UNIT 3 TRAVEL
I VOCABULARY
b) overbooking _________________________________
c) queue _____________________________
d) trolley _________________________
e) cancellation __________________________
g) leaflet ______________________________
h) questionnaire ____________________________
i) accommodation ______________________________
m) voucher ______________________________
n) feedback ____________________________
o) misbehaviour ______________________________
p) runway ______________________________
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2. Choose 5 words/phrases from the above exercise and make your own sentences:
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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c) ao mi je. Ja ve imam zakazano u to vreme
___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
II GRAMMAR
planove...
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You'll regret it.
Future Tense koja izraava jaku nameru, obeanje da e se radnja u budunosti desiti (I'll
study tomorrow).
Shodno tome, ukoliko kaemo reenicu u Simple Future Tense He will not come
3) WILL + BE + PAST PARTICIPLE (III kolona nepravilnih glagola ili pravilni glagol
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Ova konstrukcija nije nita drugo nego pasivni oblik vremena Future Simple Tense i
kao svaki drugi pasiv, sledi formulu to be + past participle. U ovom sluaju, pomoni
WILL + HAVE + BEEN + -ING (Future Continuous Tense) za nesvrenu radnju koja
midnight!
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5. I hope they ___________________________(repair) this road by the time we come
6. Teacher: I ______________________(not have) boys here with long hair, so get your
education.
11. Ive fished that river every year for the last fifteen years. Well, nobody
12. By the end of next year, I _______________________(work) for him for 35 years!
15. You __________________________(not use) your car when youre on holiday, will
you? No, but dont ask me to lend it to you because I ___________________(not do)
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UNIT 4 ADVERTISING
I VOCABULARY
b) commercials _________________________________
c) exhibition _____________________________
e) leaflets __________________________
g) ad(vertisement) ______________________________
l) point-of-sale _____________________________
p) sponsorship ______________________________
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2. Choose 5 words/phrases from the above exercise and make your own sentences:
1.____________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
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c) Ovo su rezultati istraivanja trita.
___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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II GRAMMAR
LANOVI
(ARTICLES)
U engleskom jeziku postoje dva lana: neodreeni a/an i odreeni the. Postoje
mnogobrojna pravila u vezi sa upotrebom lanova, a mi emo ovde navesti samo ona
najosnovnija.
Neodreeni lan se koristi kad prvi put neto spominjemo, tj. spominjemo informaciju o
kojoj na sagovornik jo nita ne zna. Stavlja se ispred brojivih imenica i esto se koristi
a book (jedna, neka knjiga, bilo koja, sagovornik ne zna tano na koju mislimo)
(a, e, i, o, u)
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an island, an uncle, an egg, ali i an hour (jer se slovo H ne uje u izgovoru).
A lion is a wild animal. (lav kao predstavnik itave svoje vrste...svi lavovi su divlje
ivotinje)
Kada se imenica nalazi iza glagola TO BE, tj. kad je imenica komplement
U frazama poput: a lot of, a great deal of, a couple of, a dozen, a hundred, a
thousand, a million
U distributivnim izrazima: once a week, twice a year, four times a day, 100
I have a few real friends Imam nekoliko pravih prijatelja (zadovoljan sam
time)
I have a little milk. You don't have to go to the shop. Imam malo mleka
Ispred imena ili prezimena ljudi samo u znaenju neki, ne znam koji:
A Mr. Smith would like to see you, sir. Neki g. Smit bi eleo da Vas vidi,
gospodine.
U frazi WHAT A....! (za jedninu): What a lie! What a beautiful day!
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(u mnoini se lan izostavlja: What lies! What bauties!)
Za stvari/pojmove koji su jedinstveni: the Earth, the moon, the sky, the
Ispred imenice koja je blie odreena nekom frazom koja je opisuje pa sagovornik
zna na ta govornik misli: the lady in red, the child with a stick, the place I've
been to, the prince of Wales, the pen that you have in your hand....
Ispred Saksonskog genitiva ('s): the butcher's shop, the father's job...
oznaavaju itavu klasu: the sick (bolesni), the dead (mrtvi), the rich (bogati)...
The House of Parliament, the Odeon cinema, The Palace Hotel, The Panama
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Ispred geografskih pojmova koji imaju oblik mnoine: The Alps, The East
Ispred naziva reka, jezera, mora, okeana, zaliva...: The Danube, The Adriatic,
The Pacific
Ispred naziva nacija u mnoini: The Serbs, the English, the Chinese
Ispred superlativa prideva: the best friend, the most beautiful girl...
Posle rei half i all: all the people..., half the time...
Ispred prezimena u mnoini koja oznaavaju itavu porodicu: the Simpsons, the
Sopranos...
Ispred delova tela: She was hit in the head (or her head)
ulica...). Izuzetak su pomenuti nazivi koji imaju oblik mnoine (the Netherlands),
npr. za drave koje su federacije (the United States of America), The Hyde Park,
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Ispred apstraktnih imenica: beauty, music, art...
2. _______ ship you were speaking about has just come into ______ port.
3. We had _____ dinner in ______ small restaurant. _______ restaurant was just
perfect.
8. ________ Mr. Smith is looking for you. I don't know who he is.
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14. She was teaching at _________Belgrade University.
20. He said he was ______employee of _______gas company and had come to read
______meter.
23. There will always be _______ conflict between ________old and ________young.
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UNIT 5 EMPLOYMENT
I VOCABULARY
a) appearance __________________________
b) handwriting _________________________________
g) recruitment ______________________________
h) a graduate ____________________________
k) abilities ________________________________
m) skills ______________________________
n) references ____________________________
2. Choose 5 words/phrases from the above exercise and make your own sentences:
1. _______________________________________________________________
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2. _______________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________
5. _________________________________________________________________
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5. Answer the questions:
a) What are the most important personal characteristics that employers look for in
potential employees?
d) How important for a company is choosing the best candidate for a job?
II GRAMMAR
32
Npr.
Had they bought the tickets before they went to the cinema? - Yes, they had.
2) WH pitanja (WH questions) su ona koja poinju nekom od upitnih rei/fraza koje
Npr.
Where had they bought the tickets before they went to the cinema?
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II
Npr.
Who is your father? Peter is my father (Peter je subjekat u ovoj reenici) ili
What is the colour of the sky. Blue is the colour of the sky.
Npr.
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1) Who interviewed him? (ako elimo da znamo ko ga je
2) Who did she interview? (ako elimo da znamo objekat, tj. koga
je to ona intervjuisala).
Iz ovog primera najbolje vidimo da se WH pitanja prave po modelu koji sam navela u
odeljku I samo ako su objekatska. Subjekatska se prave na laki nain tako to upitne
rei WHO ili WHAT dolaze na mesto subjekta, a red rei u pitanju ostaje isti kao u
potvrdnoj reenici.
III
2) indirektna (koja su, zapravo, prepriavanje nekog pitanja, tj. nita drugo nego
Npr.
Direktno pitanje bi bilo Where is the post office? (pitanje pravljeno po modelu i u njemu
IMA inverzije, tj. pomoni glagol IS dolazi ispred subjekta THE POST OFFICE)
Indirektno pitanje bi glasilo I always forget where the post office is. (ovo pitanje ne
sadri inverziju, tj. pomoni glagol IS dolazi iza subjekta THE POST OFFICE).
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Indirektna pitanja esto koristimo u poslovnom jeziku, jer su ljubaznija. U tom sluaju,
ona jesu pitanja, ali red rei ostaje kao u potvrdnoj reenici.
Npr.
U oba ova pitanja inverzija je na samom poetku (pomoni glagoli COULD tj. DO ispred
subjekta YOU) tako da za njom nema potrebe kasnije, kada se pomene THE POST
OFFICE.
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e) I had prepared before I gave a speech, and you?
________________________________________________________________?
________________________________________________________________?
_________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
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____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
could last?
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
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e) My family always go on holiday in September ___________________________?
_________________________________________________________________?
___________________________?
_______________________________________________________________?
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UNIT 6 TRADE
I VOCABULARY
a) dumping __________________________
b) protectionism _________________________________
c) liberalise _____________________________
d) deregulation _________________________
e) quotas __________________________
f) tariffs ___________________________
g) customs ______________________________
h) subsidise ____________________________
k) shipment ________________________________
l) insurance _____________________________
m) delivery ______________________________
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s) warehouse ______________________________
u) wholesale _______________________________
2. Choose 5 words/phrases from the above exercise and make your own sentences:
1.____________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
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5. To comply with all regulations __________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
narudbinu.
___________________________________________________________
d) ta imate na umu?
____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
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II GRAMMAR
Kondicionali ili uslovne reenice su one reenice koje nam govore ta e se dogoditi ako
toga to je realno oekivati neku navedenu posledicu ako do ispunjenja uslova doe.
Npr.
Kao to se moe videti iz ovog primera, kondicionalni (uslovni) deo reenice (u ovom
sluaju stoji na poetku, ali ne nuno i poinje sa IF) je u Simple Present Tensu (ili u
Present Perfect Tensu). U drugom delu reenice moe se, kao i u ovom primeru, nai
Future Tense (will) ili alternativno jo jedan Simple Present Tense ili imperativ
(zapovedni nain).
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I KONDICIONAL
Imperative
Npr.
If they have not heard your wish, they will not know how to do it. (Present Perfect +
Future Tense)
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II KONDICIONAL (nije realno oekivati ispunjenje uslova, tako da se o posledici samo
hipotetiki govori)
Npr.
S obzirom da, naalost, nikada neemo biti na mestu te princeze, nerealno je oekivati
ovoj vrsti kondicionala upotrebljava Simple Past Tense u IF delu reenice, a u onom
drugom delu (bez obzira na to gde mu je pozicija u reenici) tzv. Future in the past, tj.
glasila:
should
1
Were je tzv. subjunctive oblik i upotrebljava se u II kondicionalu za sva lica
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If I knew the problem, I would offer my help.
U ovom kondicionalu takoe nije realno oekivati ispunjenje uslova, pre svega zato to se
Npr.
If I had known of your arrival, I would have met you. (but I didn't know, so I didn't
meet you)
Past Perfect Tense (had known) Would + have + past participle (-ed za
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If you had listened carefully, you would have understood.
If they hadn't watered the garden, the plants would have died.
If we had attended his lectures, we would know the answer to his question.
1.Napravite I kondicional:
the party.
____________________(show up).
tonight.
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2.Napravite II kondicional:
University.
_____________________(invite) us.
__________________(know).
a) If he _______________________(come), I
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e) My school ________________________(be) open, if the reconstruction
________________________(be) on time.
cook) myself.
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TEST SAMPLES
(PRIMERI KOLOKVIJUMA IZ
PRETHODNIH ROKOVA)
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1.
_______________
10 points
_______________
5 points
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III Put A, AN, THE or / where necessary:
_______________
5 points
_______________________________________________________
2. Piem Vam da bi se alio na Vae usluge.
_______________________________________________________
3. Predloio bih da reimo problem.
_______________________________________________________
4. Molim Vas, u prilogu nadjite na najnoviji katalog.
________________________________________________________
5. Bie nam veoma drago da saradjujemo sa Vama u budunosti.
________________________________________________________
_______________
5 points
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2.
I Put a, an, the or X where necessery:
______________
5 points
John likes traveling a lot. In fact, he __________ (be) only two years old when he first
__________ (fly) to the US. John _____________ (be) born in France, but his parents
____________ (meet) in Cologne, Germany after they ________ (live) there for five
years. They ______ (meet) one day while John's father __________ (read) a book in the
library.
As a matter of fact, John ____________ (visit) his parents in France at the moment. He
_______ (live) in New York now, but ______________ (visit) his parents for the past
few weeks.
This year he ___________ (fly) over 50,000 miles for his job. He _______________
(work) for Jackson & Co. for almost two years now. He's pretty sure that he
____________ (work) for them next year as well. His job __________ (require) a lot of
travel.
His girlfriend from New York _________ (telephone) to let him know that Jackson &
Co. ___________ (decide) to merge with a company in Australia. The two companies
______________ (negotiate) for the past month, so it really _______ (not be) much of a
surprise. Of course, this _______ (mean) that John _______ (have to catch) the next
plane back to New York.
_______________
10 points
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III Make questions:
_______________
5 points
_______________
5 points
V Translate into English:
_______________
5 points
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REENJA
(ANSWER KEY)
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1. GLOBALISATION
GRAMMAR
2. BRANDS
1. a) lojalnost brendu b) poveati svest o brendu c) onaj koji kopira brendove d) licencna
prava e) zloupotreba autorskih prava f) skinuti (kopirati) brend g) laan h) roba i)
korporativna strategija j) unititi imid brenda k) lansirati proizvod l) luksuzni brend m)
udeo u tritu n) ciljni klijenti/potroai. 3. a) prodaja se konstantno poveava b)
preplaviti trite c) roba je zaplenjena od strane policije d) otkriti zloupotrebu autroskih
prava e) povezati brend sa robom loeg kvaliteta 4. a) I think we should rise the level of
our brand awareness. b) I'm afraid I don't agree with it. c) Can I say something? d) I
totally agree.
GRAMMAR
a) haven't seen b) hasn't been c) did you have d) spent e) studied, have forgotten f) hasn't
found g) have you learnt h) moved i) have you been?, was j) looked, met k) have you
already booked l) have you heard, left, has anyone been, applied, has been decided m)
has lived n) intended o) have lived p) have lived, lived q) helped r) have worked
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3. TRAVEL
1. a) izmenjeno fiziko stanje osobe nastalo usled dugog putovanja avionom iz jedne
u drugu vremensku zonu b) pravljenje duplih rezervacija na nekom letu zbog vie
prodatih mesta nego to ih ima u avionu c) red, stajati u redu d) kolica (za prtljag na
aerodromu) e) otkazivanje (leta) f) runi prtljag g) flajer h) upitnik i) smetaj j)
ekonomska/biznis klasa k) specijalna ponuda l) izvlaenje nagrade/nagradna igra m)
vauer n) povratna reakcija o) neprikladno ponaanje p) pista q) kabinska posada (u
avionu) 3. a) popuniti priloeni upitnik b) priloeni flajer c) verbalni/fiziki napad d)
dugaki redovi na alteru za predaju prtljaga e) ekstenzivna (iroka) mrea vanih
destinacija 4. a) Can/Could we meet on Wednesday at 9 a.m.? b) Are you free
(sometime) next month? c) I'm afraid I've already got an appointment then d) I'm
afraid I can't come on Wednesday e) Can/Could we fix another time?
GRAMMAR
1. will be mending 2. will have mended 3. will be mending 4. will be mended, will
drive 5. will repair 6. will not have, will send, will not come, will find 6. will be doing
7. will have 8. will not see, will have left 9. will go out 10. will be fishing 11. will
have been working 12. will be 13. will have passed, will pick 14. will not be using,
will not do.
4. ADVERTISING
GRAMMAR
1.a 2. the, the 3. /, a, the 4. a 5. a 6. the, / 7. a, a 8. a 9. the 10. the 11. a 12. an 13. a
14. / 15. the 16. the, / 16. the 17. /, the 18. a, the 19. the, a, the 20. the, the, the 21. a
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22. /, the, the 23. the 24. a 25. /, an, a 26. a 27. an, the 28. the, a 29. a, a 30. a, / 31. /, /,
/ 32. the, the 33. the
5. EMPLOYMENT
GRAMMAR
1. a) Do you like music? b) Does he respect his parents? c) Have they been to London? d)
Is she interested in sports? e) Had you prepared before you gave a speech? f) Is she
watching TV? g) Were you watching the quiz yesterday around 8? h) Are you going to
Turkey on holiday? i) Will you send a postcard? j) Has she met the President? 2. a)
Where did you find it? b) Do you want to buy a shirt? c) What discount can you give us?
d) Who is responsible for delivery? e) Were they invited to the party? f) Could we bring
our child to the party? g) Have you ever visited such a beautiful place? h) What is the
longest river in the world? i) Are you doing your job well? j) Could you let her finish,
please? k) Could you tell me how you have changed in the last five years? l) I would like
to know what you say about your colleagues? m) What do you think of the employers'
decisions? 3. a) Where did we live last year? b) Who saw me at the party? c) When will
you come? d) What are we listening to? e) When do/does my family go on holiday? f)
Who applied for the job? g) Why do/does non-smoking staff always complain? h) Who
remember advertisements? i) How do passangers feel? j) What did they want him to
conform to?
6. TRADE
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koje smo naruili 4) Ukupna vrednost ugovora je 50000 evra 5) biti u saglasnosti sa svim
pravilima/zakonima 5. a) Can/could we start/begin now, please? b) If you order now, we
will give you a discount. c) We would be prepared/ready to offer you a better price if you
increased your order. d) What do you have in mind? e) I think we can agree to that.
GRAMMAR
1. a) come, will show b) see, don't panic c) will be, misses d) will not, show up e) is, will
go 2. a) were, would enrol b) saw, would say c) wouldn't be, invited d) would help, knew
e) would join, received 3. a) had come, would have seen b) would have sent, had known
c) wouldn't have spoken, had seen d) would have moved, had known e) would have been,
had been 4. a) will tell, comes b) had known, would have built c) had, would not d) were,
would not e) would he do, didn't have
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