9 Differential Ls Equations 9.3 EXERCISE i |SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS co a Find the solution of Qu the sol fe Sol. The given differential equation is ay Boyes Sey Separating the variables, we get de FF y= rite es, we get Jo ty = frrar Fe te os -21- 2+ clog GPa plte tiation = =2942" = clog 2 > 2-24 sk [where clog 2 =k] (Q2, Find the differential equation of all non vertical lines in a plane. Sol. Equation of all non vertical Lines are y= nix +e Differentiating with respect tox, we get =m 2 Again differentiating want. x we have a 0 Hence, the required equations £4 =0 Q3. Given that Beew and y=0 when x=5. Find the value of x when y=3. Sol. Given equation is YL ae > a az my 8 dy =de 307Integrating both sides, we get Jetdy = Jax $e axte Puty=Oandx=5 Tou eee ape aBte mena 5 2a «+ The equation becomes 5 ¢%¥ =2—-> Now putting y=3, we get Vis 8 zed? 2 2 pena Hence the required value of x= ; (6 +9). i ip ot Q4. Solve the differential equation (x*~ Dew za Sol. Given differential equation is Dividing by (22-1), we get aie ax 1 -F Itisa linear differential equation of first order and first degree, 2 gold o Page and = fous _ Je Integrating factor LF. = e!™ =e . Solution of the equation is yXLF.=[Q.LF.de-+C i = yx faye pare = ye -0= [5 Hence the required solution is (x? -o-$ log, Q5. Solve the differential equation 2 +2yey d Sol. Given equation is Beayay 308 Bl NCERT Exewerar Prostens Mariemarics-Xil = Bey-ay 3 Boyan 3 Wa ge TIT PY > Gay (l-2x) apd nae Integrating both sides, we have [B= Ja-20rte-togy =2-2© +109 = logy=x-3*+logc= log y—logc=x=x Pope otag? = logh= xox ote yrysc.e Hence, the required solution is y=c.e*-*, Q6. Fin the general solution of 2 + ay = &™, Sol. Given equation is + ay =e", Here, P=aand Q=e"™ LB e el a ltt a oar, Solution of equation is yxLF= [QUFdr+e yet fe etdrte sy .c" = ae te nee Gt a etter = — +.e »° ea" Hence the required solution is y= 2@ 4c. e-t, Gra 7, Solve the differential equation a eet, Sol. Given that “¢ +1 "+7 Patrsyoe ay_ dt dae ae dt ae tis rt eed = etd oo DIFFERENTIAL Equations 309Integrating both sides, we have ay 2 =fatnd riysde Jeidta[ae exe Ig iota sentra te = execs Setates wee Ae eeag See eee : ees E fast te 2 Hence, the required solution is (x+c).e* ¥+1=0. * tea 9 Ee yrta(v+2) | QB Solves yds — xdy =27y dx. fe Sol. Given equation is ya — xdy =.°y de. Hence, the required solution is yotmn(s+%), = ydeox?y dx =ady a S. yieeee a (10. Find the general solution of (= +29") P=. Bs (& ac ft = (bx Sol. Given equationis (2 +29?) = y es x yi Ae y ; Integrating both sides we get = dy oy de xt 2y [(-xJae= ayaa yy a y Bre HEV ts loge 2 7 => log x4 =10g y +log.e Mi, Trontht equbiohd 2 a Here P= -+ and Q=2y". 2 log x-FE fe a(l+x)0+y) = Tee =(lt+a)dx thon nd the value of 3(). Integrating both sides, we get Sol. Given equation is 310m NCERT Exewetar Prostems Mariemancs-XIl|————— J), DIFFERENTIAL Equarions 311Desin) dy Required solution of the given differential equation is ( Tey } cox y LB=JQ.URdt+e 2tsinx) dy dy = yeeaen=[—ehannase - ( wos }z Cea ? ‘oem eT) = fer a Integrating both sides, we get = er feta ie iy oss = yeet(t=-et+e Sieg Flares Put =O and y=-1 . [+ y)=-1] => log!1+y! =-log!2+sin x1+ loge = aL. Tse +e =olog!1+yl-+logi2 +sin x!'=log¢ > oTSs1 te =c0 => Jog (1+ y)(2+sin x) =loge = (1+y)(2+sinz)=c ‘So the equation becomes A (4t)= et Patx=Oand y=1, we get Nowputver 079 G+) Q+sind)=c¢ + 4c * yeeldeta-et equation is (1+y) (2 +sin x) = “a OM @+singy=4 a Baye} x= Te A Hence yt) = -2 is verified, = ary (2+sin 5) a7 QI. Form the differential equation having y = (sinx)? + A 2 cos +B where A and B are arbitrary constants, as its general - on es ges solution. Bees GENRE) =A egsttves- > y=seley, Sol. Given equation is y= (sin"x)? + A costx +B 1 pg ect = So, (8-3 Fa2sin tx, +A, AI"3 i ae fine" re Hence, the ed solution is ()-3. ogee ee 23 ‘Multiplying both sides by Ji— 27, we get ; ty Q12. If y(t) is 2 eaten af (+) 7p ty=1 and y(0) = -1, then Wet Be nsintyA show that y(1)=—>. Again differentiating wart x, we get Sol. Given equation is cy eRe ian 2 40. yet wp Y(t) 2 foe yay 1x24) 2 Canaan's * ae lage Bane wen ae ghz aw. +t 1 7 Py x dy 2 Here, p=—! angg=—_ = f= ou. we Te Te a fe kf Le al Se pre avid soinieprating fectoc LB Te ifs } ‘Multiplying both sides by «f1—2", we get =i-b)e 5 f We = a-2)44_ 4 9X9 ne tthe : ae ae aIReet (144) Which is the required differential equation. 312m NCERT Exewpvar Proavens MarHenarics-XIl DirenenraL Eauarions 313Q14. Form the differential equation of all circles’ which pass through origin and whose centres lie on y-axis. Sol. Equation of circle which passes through y the origin and whose centre lies on y-axis is (OP + yd ayant 3S Pepe zay? = P+yP—20y=0 ay 4 => pev2y. B20. = 9 dy dy = rey ta B26 3 tyre =0 # 0 7 Ye Le yg te ¥ yy, Patting the value of a in eq. (i), we get Pas alreg veo fe 7 Papa FE oo = aiy- Fe ae ae 2 py sine Bey yap ay 20 Hence, the required differential equation is BY. oy 9p (PP yay =0 QI5. Find the equation of a curve passing through origin and satisfying the differential equation (1+ x2) pa 2ay =4z2. Sol. Given equation is 2) My ony 42 ae) Bean ay) ae a 5 de Tee) Ie? 2 314 Bl NCERT Exeupvar Prostens MarHemarics=XIl Que. Sol. 25 oes aes Tee MOT Here, P= 2: pata Integrating factor LE. = el? eT oem? ag + Solution is YALR = [QxLR arte => yatx)= J. x (La?) dee. Ite 3 ytxy= fartacte > yes)= 2240 oi) Since the curve is passing through origin + Paty=Dand x= 0in eq, (i) oa+0)=£ (0) +e = cH0 * 2y 24. ae 2 Byuaonis a8) $3? 9 yz Hence, the required solition is y= a A: Solve: 2 Was? + ayty? ax Given equation is #23? + y+ dy a xytyP = grey x Puty =2x a homogeneous differential equation] Monae ae de pag dt. Rito tote? “ar x do 2+ ve0%) a ote 8 7 = te. Be trot oe Betsvedten de ae Dirfenenria, Equations 315Integrating both sides, we get Fra idee = tanly= logx +c = tan(¥) -togx+¢ Hence, the required solution is tan (4) =logizl +c. Q17. Find the general solution of the differential equation. sty Pex etry Y= CP) eee a0 Sol. Given equation is vy, dy 2) (xe) ie Gey) eee =o aety ty fy | -a+y) wenn Wo ae = a gmt. = 2- 3 ae xy ie x ety ay SP) > yA Fe = 2 wy a+y) 1+y¥ es 1 ety Fee Po On ae 1 Integrating factor LE. = ol = ATTY _ guy «. Solution is x.LR= JQ... dy+e arr ioe = seats [Tape tayee Pate ty=t . 1 igny =dt ne ae fedtee 1 srl. ghee 316 Bi NCERT Exewecar Proovems Martemarics-XiIl ¢ = = x eorty Fema se = aa Feemns 2c ca = 2x ely = (e220 Hence, this is the required general solution. Q18. Find the general solution of y*dx-+(x" = xy + y”) dy =0- Sol. The given equation is ydx-+ (x? — xy + y*) dy =0. = git =~ (A oay sy?) dy es gp ay Since it is a homogeneous differential equation = em ey 2 Put zeny He. dy So, vey 2 - = ory nee = vey Ge orton SUR nt telw s a cnet "a nah Inepatn Bh tes 9 at = lea sh = tan“ =-logy +c = wno(3) +logy+e Hence the required solution is tan" (3) +logy=c. Q19. Solve: (x+y) (dx—dy)=dx-+dy. (Hint: Substitute x-+y=2 after separating dx and dy] Sol. Given differential equation is (+9) (ex—dy) = ax +dy 3 etyde~(etydy=drtdy > =(x+y) dy —dy = dx- (x+y) de Dirrerenriat Eouarions 317= = (ety +1) dy =—(e+y-1) dx = By Sey AL, dx xty41 Putx+yaz So, S-1= = 22 z41 = Sy pete RIB BIR Zh at alt Integrating both sides, we get Fe Mac = 2Jar feria fa z+ log z= 2r+log lel aty-tlog lxtyl = 24 log lel yotlog Ix+yl = x+log lel styl = x—y log lel UouUdDouD rty= ee Hence, the required solution sz +y=e.e"-, 20. Solve: 2(y 49) ay =0, given that y(1)=-2. Sol. area Fa 2y+9)+4y.2 ~ 0 as = ee ay46 ye HN gg =e, A, a i (aes oon tah aay 318 B NCERT Exewecar Prostens Marncnarics-XiIl Integrating both sides, we get 2 Bybee HE ey ft 2 He-a)ee ihe Siptam FE = Fo Flogly +31 = logx+e Putx=1y=-2 Lp 2 C2) Flogl-2+31 = tog (1) +e = ~1-Fog @) = log (1) + = ~1-0=0+4e ced Jog (1) = 0] 2 equation is Fy- Bog hy +31 = gx 1 = © y-Blog ly+31=2logx-2 => y-log I(y+3PI = log 2-2 > log iy +3) 1 + og x= y #2 = bog i243) l= y+2 aluwiates Hence, the required solution is x? (y +3)? = ef*2, QU Solve the differential equation dy = cos x (2~y cosecx) de given that y=2 when 5. Sol. ‘The given differential equation is y= cos x 2~y cosec x) dx = Ye cosx@-yeoees) Bm 20s x-ycosx.cosee# os eee = ae Here, P= cot x and Q=2 cos x. Integrating factor LE. = el = el = cloesin: = sin. +: Required solution is y x LF= QxLP.dr+c Dirrerewria Eauanions Bl 3193 yesing= [2eossisin arte Integrating both sides, we get 1 4 > yssinx= foin2xdx+e = y.sinx=—-2cos2x+0 2y ay . plant resl 2 Ilr = fe ee nan = loghty"] = Han! 2) +e z 2sin = = -5 +e wna ie 2 ak t ae = Hants) stogh+7|= BMI py elte. 2b Dec caa-S as Which is the required solution, +. The equation is y sin x= ~2 cos 2x +3 (Q24. Find the differential equation of system of concentric circles = ES ae with centre (1, 2). Q22. eae a rential equation by eliminating A and B in Sol. Family of concentric circles with centre (1, 2) and radius’ is +By *, 17+ (y-2P% = Sol. Given that Av?+By?=1 oe ae Loe Differentiating want. x, we get Differentiating both sides wart, x we get 2A.x42By 2-9 He +ay-2)h =0 @-v+y-t =0 ey ty Which is the required equation. Ax By. Lao = py. Y ay cela 1 Zz Yea ae (WONG ANSWERTYFE QUESTIONS I= a ta. -4 025. Solve: y+Loy=r6inz+og2) Differentiating both sides again w-rt x, we have Sol. The given alferetil equation yey ofa) Fg) 20mg) vara dT? = yee ey x einztogs ye @y | (dy ay | fe a oH x(B) yo = fb ex(ine+logs)—2 #y (wy te chr yiedl = Be Ginx ttog 5 #4 2y = Gin = wytex(¥) oe OS yy Ky —yy'=0 « (Ginx +1ogx)-= 9 Bet Gy “(ins +log a) Hence, the required equation is Here, P= = and Q= (sin x+1og.x) ayy" txy'P yy! = 0 1 2, Q23, Solve the differential equation (1) tanh di+2y (1+) dy=0. Integrating factor LR. = ol! = ols" _ alors goes = 2 Sol. Given differential equation is eae (1+ 9?) tants de +2y (L423) dy=0 tllors aaa > Ady ty), tans de i 5 7 Mac => yote [(sinx+logx) Parse sa) rT “AX. bd TY rae 820 NCERT Exeyevar Prostens Mariemarics-Xil TT Dirrerenrin Eouarions ml 324(sinx-+log) 2d xdx+ fx? logx de of fsin as f(OC2 fans as) as] + [los x. fx? de— [(Ddogx). fx%dx) ax] =[p8(-coes)-2 f-xcons a] [loge fp x ; I J a[estessxafesin efassnsde)]s|2 tage an] | OF; Some: ais coss +2esine 42 cos vi Slog sb? Now from eq (1) we get, 1 yas “st coss +2usins+2c08 2+ Iogx-2s" Fe 2sinx | 2cosx | tlogr 1 = + cos x -Axte.x? y Soup pater a gine Hence, the required solution is Qsinx | 2eosx , logy 1 a yo con SEED tee gate Q26. Find the general solution of (I + tan y) (dx =dy) + 2xiy =0. Sol. Given that: (1 + tan y) (de —dy) + 2xdy =0 = (l#tany) de—(1+ tan y) dy + 2nd =0 = (1+tany) dy —(1+ tany—2x)dy=0 . dy. Letany—2x = drtinn $= astany-29 9 Fo Tang eran a dy T+tany fe dQ=1 Here 1+tany md Integrating factor LF. =e ppsrninneaty ad teres _ dio faa et, MHA oN = 6! (sin y + 008 y) 322 & NCERT Exetrvar Prostens MarHenanics-Xill So, the solution is x*LF.= [QXxLF.dy+e = x.el(siny+cosy)= [1-e¥(sin y+cos y)dy +e > x. Giny+ cosy) =e, siny +e [+ Jetiea+renar=e' feo) +c] = xGiny+ cosy) =siny +e. 0# Hence, the required solution is x(sin y + cos y)=siny-+c.e, 4 th mcostcty+sin(s ty). (Hint: Substitute x +y =z} < ay Sol. Given that : B =coste + y)esinge+y) Put 3 +y © 0, on differentiating want. x, we get, dx 7 dy 8 Ng ar de POs al prefane tv = eT OsVt sing HT ag a > wsotsinvsl Integrating both sides, we have tho Seosoraino et 3 ltt do = f = faces T-tan?2 2 tan? T+ tan? 22 stan? 2a stan? (1+tan#2) z =I ite fe 1-tan? 2 +2 tan? 22 2 gtd +tan’ 3 20 sect? => f 2. z 242tan® =. Put 24208 1 dy = fide DrrerentaL Eouanons = 323. 324 2 fee Zao = dt = see! Fao =a = je- = fide = log Itl =x+e = loglp-+-2tan3| axte aio r2tan(S22] -2+e-9 tog2[1+n( 2)] oe = logatiog[t +n (22)] -+¢ = tog| + tn( 252) = x+cerlog2 Hence, the required solution is iets GE) ai 28. Find the general solution of 4 AY ay = sin 2x. [e-log2+1 Sol. Given equation is Hays Here, P=-3 and Q= sin 2x “I Integrating factor LE. = ol =o =e +. Solution is, potR.= [Q.tR e+e ~ y.e% = foinde.e™ date Let d= fsinax. et dx 2» T= sin2x. fe *ar— f(D (sin22). Jer*ax) ar i => T= sin2x. freon ae = te Renz feogne et a 2fcosas. fete JUD cos2x. fer*ax] dx] en By = =3 jl NCERT Exereuar Prostens Mariemarics—Xil ae Pe = I= sinav¢2 sent By th a eaaes 2s Le sindx. 2 de =3 oe = 7 a5 Jsindx.e™ de or ine =< Eile rin = 1dr = ents 2ecos2x 9 9 1Bt = BT Aloe sin2x+2e cos2x] fag T= -he sin2r+2 cos2x] «+ The equation becomes ye oe = Ee singe +2 cos2s}+e yo ~Jp[Bsinar+ 2eos2r]+e.* ‘Hence, the required solution is y= [Bates zeze] as B Find the equation of a curve passing through (2,1) ifthe slope ofthe tangent to the curve at any point (x,y) is “+ Given that fet ga oa cenit wy iy = Day It is a homogeneous differential equation So, puty=ux = DirFeRENTIAL EquaTions< i 325me UR. Ee Op => log ly=11 = 15 Jog dv dav? gy, do ite 20? 2x5 Seo tg oan a Sin) Me latte, S02 go de = leg ty-21~ tog] | a 2 1-0 £ lz. Integrating both sides, we get ay 10g Iy—11 = tog K( B | x41 20 f dv = J& =-10g 11 v1 ~1og x+ log ¥ iF be ¢ I tog 2 52 ~iog-+ 1 enh aan tales UF = ~leg its ea) pleas logeins logy #logx=loge = logyr=loge yrne Shc te care pases rough y Tetac send = yee Hence, the required equation is xy =1. Q33. Solve: ft = y (log y—log x +1) Sol. Given that: xy 00g y-log x +1) = gfe] = 2-4 928 M@ NCERT ExenpLar Probiens Marenanics-Xill Since, itis a homogeneous differential equation, Ea do o Pat ysex > Bans eB y= pte + vdeo = vx 8 =o flogo +t] = xB ~ vfloge +4) Bs = xB tego 1) Integrating both sides, we get do de lies at Put log p= ton LHS. = tog (4) ae Hence, the required solution is min bat ) 30 Fase the cores enerer Goer toe given four options in each of the Exercises from 34 to 75 (M.C.Q.) (24. The degree ofthe differential equation Ln ee ( (£3) +) =~) @i 2 @3 Sol. The degree of the given differential equation is not defined because the value of sin () on expansion will be in (@ not defined increasing power of (#/) bes dx Hence, the correct option is (), iar 35. Thedegrefthe diferent eqn 1+ ~ log y = log x+logc = log y=log xe > y= xc which is a straight line passing through the origin. ~~ Hence, the correct answer is (¢). (Q40. Integrating factor of the differential equation cos. ysinx =1is @ cosx —(i)tanz — (secx —(@)sinz Sol. The given differential equation is ay cosx. 4 ysinx = he ysing = 1 dy sing) 1 dy > Bt eee cee 2 Retany mseex Here, P=tan rand Q=seex ss Integrating factor = el? = eli _ plosseer = soo. Hence, the correct option is (). Q41. Solution of differential equation tany sec*x de + tan x sec!y dy =0is (® tanx+tany=k —(b) tanx-tany-k © ert (@ tanx.tany=k Sol. The givén differential equation is tony sectx dr tan x sec? y dy = 0 = tan x secty dy =~ tan y see x dx Integrating both sides, we get 2 2 secly gy. pase = Fany 7 ers oe = og Itan yl=—log Itan x! + log ¢ => log Itan yl +1og Itan xI=loge 332 B_ NCERT Exemecar Prosuems Marsenarics-XIl 42. Family y= Ax + A? of curves is represented by the differential equation of degree @1 @)2 3 ms Sol. Given equation isy= Ax+A* Differentiating both sides, we get # = Awhich has degree 1, Hence, the correct answer is (a). Q43. Integrating factor of rity - xis (@ a logx ot @-« Sol. The given differential equation is Biya dts WY Dae Gayedtiae oY Lee_a Here, P= 4 andQ=33-3 x 1 i So, integrating factor el" =e 2 aot eM: = 2 Hence, the correct option (Q44. Solution of ay =1,y (0)=1 is given by Here, P=-1,Q=1 s- Integrating factor, LF.= el = ¢l So, the solution is yrIR = [Q1R dete > yxet= fle dete ~ yieteetee Putx=0,y=1 = L.d=-Pre Te-dte nen? DirreRenriat Eauarions 8! 333Sete enue eae eD ya nL +20 920-1 ‘sus the popes ptgy UM, (Q45. ‘The number of solutions of oe when y (1) =2is (®) none @ oes (c) two (d) infinite Sol. The given differential equation is.“ =¥* 4 ‘yd HT Fe yti x-1 Integrating both ae, weet eS log (y#1)= iene 1) + loge = Fog Uti bg es loge y+] 6 uth > log 2] lose = a Te Put x= Land y=2 241 = 1 y Hence, the correct opt Q46, Which ofthe following isa second order differential equation? () YPexee O) ivy nasina ytyhty=o o@yay Sol. Second order differential equation is y'y"+ y=sinx Hence, the correct option is (). (47 Integrating factor ofthe ctferental equation ae - voy = Lis x @-~ One © iF (@ dtoga-2) Sol. The given differential equation is 334 @ NCERT Exewpcar Prostens MarenaTios-XIl, Here, P=- — zs Integrating factor R= oP = Hence, the correct option is (). Q48, tan“ly + tanrly = c is the general solution of the differential equation: ty dy 1+ ) Se my We © ates © wise a+) de=0 a+) ay=0 Sol. Given equation is tan“'x + tanrly =¢ Differentiating wart x, we have o 1 ay ye) ar ae Tey jac (Tee) Pe "ee = (+x) éy--0+y) ax = +x) ayta+yae=0 ‘Hence the correct option is (c) 049, ‘The differential equation vibra represents: i (a) Family of hyperbolas (b) F (©) Family of ellipses (@) Family of circles Sol. Given differential equation is yibexce ap yibee x S ydya(c-yar -- Integrating both sides, we get Jivsyin esi 3 on ¥og Pe pbehs 4 s st4 y?—2ex = 2k which is afamily of cles. Hence, the correct option is (2) Q50. The general solution of" cos y dr— sin y dy =O is: (@) ecos y=k (0) esiny =k @ ceeedy (o) e=ksiny Dirrerentiat Eouarions Bl 335Sol. The given differential equation is cosy dx—e'siny dy = 0 => & (cos y dx—sin y dy) = 0 5 cosydr—siny dy =0 [e e#9) im siny dy ncaa He. 2m Integrating both sides, we have erty = Je ; = = leony = try TRE deat [k=tan¢] = yoyo kta) Hence, the correct option is (b). Q55. The integrating factor of the differential equation dy l+y i a mF of or we Sol. The given differential equation is fy.) dey wet Dirrerenmat Equations Bl 3377 Integrating factor LE. Sel el ee sel Hence, the correct option y= ae" + be™ satisfies equations? beh ® 056. of the following differential Ys aye SN ny = P+my=0 B-my=0 a Y my =0 @ Sol. The given equation is y=ae™ + be-™ On differentiation, we get {Y =a.me"™—b. me** ax ‘Again differentiating wat, we have a fY | Pets bnitem Fi 2 2 4 y = i (ao™ + be) => a arty = Fomy-o Hence, the correc option is (). . The solution of the differential equation cos x sin y dx + sin x cos y dy = 0is Oye ()'sin'zsiny=c (Q sinztsiny=c (d) cosxcosy=c Sol. The given differential equation is cos.rsin y d+ sin x cos y dy =0 = sinx cos y dy = —cos xsiny dx we ebay - ae cotyay=-cotxde Integrating both sides, we have = Jesty dy = foots de 338 HNCERT Exeme.ar Prostens Marteuarics-Xil log Isin y.sin xl =loge => sinxsiny=c Hence, the correct option is (6), 58. The solution of rH + yw! is ok @ yok @) yoxe tex (© yax.c+k (eee pe yinea Sol, The given differential equation is x“! 4 y—e* fy siege 5 hak 1 dx * tS Here P= = andQ= — - fahat fie «Integrating factor LE. =e! = ¢h8! = x So, the solution is YAIR = Joxundrek sy xx [oxrde re x se oyxxe fetdeth om yxxecek Hence, the correct option is (a) (Q59. The differential equation of the where a is arbitrary constant, is: ce © =P) ary &) rt ry) they ily of curves 32+ s2—22y=0, ay ata) Bary hry Mary . The given equation is ep my eo 0) Differentiating w.rt. x, we have 2e42y. L294 9 ae ae wy dy = xtyB-wteo 5 Hyg Ho ty =F = na) He a= Wraaer me sy aylde ———————— Drrerenrinn Eouanons mm 339dal authr yas dy Putting the value of aineq. (1) weget dy 2 jog | deal 9) Payp-2y| = an y+ de tate) = +) a2 ys tx) 90 apt oa Sg Fy) Bie a 3 ~ (Ray 2y) A a rey a (Ay VE = 29 4: Hence the corzect option is (2). Q60. Family y = Ax + A? of curves equation of order @3 (2 Sol. ‘The given equation is yr Arta? Differentiating both sides, we get Bea ix correspond to a differential 1 (@ not defined So the order of the differential equation is 2. Hence, the correct option is (). Q61. The genera stution of 42 23e"-¥ is: pps @ etae ee Mate @ fac Sol. The given differential equation is Wyo oy ety are 2 Beaders Mean eae x e Integrating both sides, we have ey Pac = fox .ePdr = fetdy ~ f2x.e Put in RHSx7=¢ ». 2x dx=dl 340 mt NCERT Excuevar Proatens Mariemarics—Xil 62. Sol. 263. Sol. Jetdy = fear > dadee a eae tc Hence, the correct option is (). ‘The curve for which the slope of the tangent at any point is qual to the ratio of the abscissa to the ordinate of the point is: an ellipse (®) parabola circle (@), rectangular hyperbola ince, the slope of the tangent to the curve =x:y dyna a BGS. dy = xd, Integrating both sides, we get Jy dy = [xdx S LB e peter = gp = 2e~kwhithisrectangular hyperbola. Hence, the correct option is (d). ‘The general solution of the differential equation £ Baer sayis: a i @ ysce? 2 ysce? © y=(x+0.e7 — @ y=(e-ae? ‘The given differential equation is z 2 dy igs: wy z BF 4m YY yy nek Fa Y= ae Since itis linear differential equation where P=-x and Q= e = 4. Integrating factor LE. = el = el ae 2 S0, the solution is yxIR = JOxiRar+e ezine et = peek a fel oT dee . > yxe ? = fedree = 2 = probe fides a yxe P=ate Dirrenentia. Eouarions Ml 3442 =, yeteroe? Hence the correct option Q64. The solution of the equatic 21) dex +3) dy=0is 2x-1_ 2y41 | © 2yea* Whirrag 2x43 2x-1 =k dehy ost oF Sol. The given differential equation is (2y=1) dx — @x+3) dy= 0= (2x +3) dy = (2y-1) dx dy de a 2y=1 2x43 Integrating both sides, we get iy pte By 1” S248 es, Flogi2y=11= Flogi2x+31 +108 3 log 12y-11 = log 12r+31 +2loge = log 12y-11 ~log [2x +31 = log = Q65. The differential equation for which y =i cos x + b sin x isa solution, is: fy syn ey ys @ Fryno © eyo FS : © #4 atny=0 @ Fya@-by=0 Sol. The given equation is y= acosx+bsinx Mo casine +b ease ae 342m NCERT Exewpvar Prostens Maruenanics-Xill 266. Thesotuton of L+y-ey Sol. O67. dy ae = -acosx-Dbsinx @y ty LY ae 3 Fhe (econssbsinay Grn = Beano Hence, the correct option is (0). =0is: ( et) © yore (0 yaxet+1 (@ y=x.e* ‘The given differential equation is + ye" Since, itis a linear differential equation then P= 1 and Q =< Integrating factor LE-= eI” el 2e* 2. Solution is yl [oxtRarte yxet= fetxcdxec = yxet= Jeldrtc Ejedeuliiees Syseexte Puty=Oand x=0 On08e 2 en0 eas yore Hence, the correct option is (d). ‘The order and degree of the differential equation ey Py (ay _ a [ee 9B) oot ae @L4 ©) 3, © 24 (dé) 3,2 ‘The given differential equation is yy _4@y (dv 2 ys [2 ~3h(B) ov Here the highest derivative is * «* the order of the differential equation is 3 DirreRenmit Eauarions Hi 343and since, the power of highest order is 2 «its degree is 2 Hence, the correct option is (4). Q68. The order and degree of the differential equation. 23 21 @) 3,4 Sol. The given differential equation is dy) |_@y i . J] ve Here, the highest derivative is 2, sorder=2 A and the power of the highest derivative is 1 + degree=1 Hence, the correct option is (c). (69. The differential equation of the family of curves y?=4a (x +4) is: oct a ofh.(2) -0 a ®) yaaa y yf) 2-0 ox Bel) -y Sol. The given equation of family of curves is sim ace) = Pmdax+ de Differentiating both sides, want. x, we get dy, 2y Fe = be = yf =n LUA, ‘Now, putting the value of ain eq, (1) we get dy ayy po ax(¥ (g a m alg ae 2 de. = Day, (ay 22rd. (J ae dy ty Roy we 344 Ml NCERT Exeyptar Prosteus Matiemarics-Xil ca (#y- | = rw they{B) -y-0 Hence, the correct option is (2). (Q70. Which of the following is the general solution of © yrs ae* (@) y=Acosx+B sinx Sol. The given differential equation is typ Braet ya8 Since the above equation is of second order and first degree 1. Diy-2by+y=0, where D= = (P-2D+1)y=0 ¢+> awaliary equation is m—2m+1=0 => (m-1P=0 = ms11 If the roots of Auxiliary equation are real and equal say (m) then CF= (e146) 0 2 CE=(Ar+ Bye So y=(Ar+B).e Hence, the correct option is (a). Q7L General solution of 2 +ytanx=secris: (@) ysecr=tanx+e (b) ytanxesecx+e © tanx=ytanr+e (@) xsecx=tany+e Sol. The ven differential equation is +y tanx= see x Si a linear differential equation 2 Pstanxand Q=secx Integrating factor LF. = el = ¢l!™*% = gous — secy + Solution is yxLR = JOxtRarte > yxsect = foecx.secx arte => -ysecx= faec?xdr+c ysecr=tanz+e Hence, the correct option is (a). Drenemial Equations lm 345Q72. Solution of differential equation 2 Losne is: (@ x¥ytcosx)=sinx+e (b) xyncosx)=sinz +e (©) xycosx=sinx +e (@ x+co82)=cosx+c Sol. The given differential equation is Be Lasinx Since, itis a linear differential equation u Po Land Qesins Integrating factor LE. = e* +Solutionis y*LR = [QxLR dete yx ye=x.fsinxde—[(D(ayfsinxds) dee yx = x(-cos x)= J—cos xdx J age = = 3 rai seoars foosedr Syx= seas etsinste 3 yxtxcosx=sinx te > x(y Fos) = sinx +c Hence, the correct option is (a) Q73. The general solution of the differential equation +1 ydy=(y+1)e dris: + 1)=keF+1) © yrimersitk (© y=log [ky +1) (+1) 41 @ yt (E2844 Sol. ‘The given differential equation is Ce Dydy=ytverds ¥ et 7 yt! a Integrating both sides, we get ae: Is zit y+4-1 a ee fie = fieg-JAoa = fe = de, yal e41 346 Bl NCERT Exewecar Proptens Martenarios-XiIl Jone. edvse m yxx=[esinxde te dy i = y-log ly+11= log let+11 +1ogk > y= log ly +11 + log le"+ 11 +logk = ye log lie(y-+1)#1)1 Hence, the correct option is (). O74. The solution of diferent equation WY et-# 4 eis ie e Oeaia Seo 3 x ey @ ark @) yao ater ee 3 © freaa se Sol. The given differential equation is Ae rn gey te = a mete? ot = eM ex) = pre ey dy= (422) dx é Integrating both sides, we have Jetdy = fe +x) ax ahd ein GEE Hence, the correct option is (b). Q75. The solution of the differential equation ye a ed Sie a ine Gere se tan! @ y(+2)=c+tanty one © ylog(.+x)=c+tantx (dy (142) =c4sin tx Sol. The given differential aa re Te a Since, iia aes eigen equation Sc tan e =e ares Sethe Integrating factor LE. = el =¢° FF = gl) «(14 32) + Solution is y*LR.= JoxrF.drve —_——<—_————= Dirrerewra Eousnons m 347= yd+x)= foes x(+x) dx te Hence, the correct option is (2). Q76. Fill in the blanks of the following (ito xi): () The degree of the differential equation Phe etne no is. 3 + if) The degree of the differential equation ha(@) =x is 2 (iii) The number of arbitrary constants in the general solution of a differential equation of order three is io) fg ww 4 ae Floge 7x B meauation of the type (7) General olin he eerie equation of thet Benes Q, is given by. (vi) The solution of the differential equation whe aye x is (ii) The solution of casey soy= 4x? =0 is. These other eatin + ap ay 0 is, (i) General solution of 2 +y=sinz is (2) The solution of differential equation cot'y dx = x ¥ is ty (xi) The integrating factor of Bey tte is , ‘The degree of the differential equation Sy to =0 isnot defined. Sol (i) ‘The given differential equation is yf ‘Squaring both sides, we gett By gd uy v 348 BL NCERT Exenpcar Prootens Mariewancs-XIl So, the degree of the equation is 2. (Gi) The number of arbitrary constants in the solution is 3. (fo) The given differential equation 4 4. a4 Is of the hy ar x ies ne type’ + Py=Q. (®) General solution of the differential equation of the type ar dy = dM (Qe May 4c, (vi) The given differential equation is ol Bay = 7 Gt PQ) is given by xxLB.= [OxLF.dy +e > Bat ynn. Since, itis linear differential equation 2 s Pez andQ=x Integrating factor LF. = obPts _ Se _ -2logs _ glose _ 42 Y*XLE= [QxiRdxrte = yte fxtdrse sp y.te Jodree Sweat fatee syn p etter? “Hence, the solution is y= te #ele?y (vii) The given differential equation is a3?) 4 ay 47 <0 a ae Integratingfactrt Ral" 1 gin = e604) 21432) + Solution is_yxLF= [Qx1E.dr+e Drrrenentiat Eauanions 349= yx(exy= i x(+x)drte > yx(te)s far dete syn dexy= date ane = vas) +e(ltx7yt x +x") ae 3 (iti) The given differential equation is yx + (xy) dy =0 > (#3) dy =~y dx x (1+) dy-—y de > Tebay = haw y Integrating both sides, we get ley 1 TLay = - [bie 1 ads = Gee =o fhe = logy +y=—logx +loge = logx+ logy +log.e! = logc = log (ry -¢) = loge 2 syn cet Hence, the required solution is xy = ce. a (ix) The given differential equation is apt y=sinx Since, it ita linear differential equation e PetandQesine i. Integrating factor LE. = ef" = el!" = ot «Solution is y*LR-= [QxR.de-+e " yd fervz-ctde te Let Ie fsin xe dx 18 I=sin x. fetdr— |(D(sin2). fe*dr) dx Ts sin x.e* ~ Joos x.e¥ de ce I=sinx.e*—[cosx. feta ~ [(D(cos2)fe'ts) dx] 360 Hf NCERT Exewevar Prostems MarHemarics-XIl » +e(14x7y7. Insinx.c* [cos .e"~ f-sinx.e'ds] Iesine.et~cos.r.eF— sin efae Imsin xe cos x.e*-1 =1+1=€" (sin x—cos x) = Ane (inx—cos x) 1= 5 Ginx ~ cosa) From eq, (1) we get y.&= 5 (sin cos) +c - (25), 9: (PEM eee Hence, the required solution is sinx—cosx), yo (es) (2) The given differential equation is cot y de= x dy Sy de) Pas Seaty ines ee ow Integrating both sides, we get Jeany dy = JE = log secy ~log + + loge log secy-logx = tog c x= Csecy f Hence, the required solution is x=Csec y. (xi) The given differential equation is Dirrenewria, Eouarions ml 351Here P= @ a 4) z ted ad gerbe 1 ae eh ate eet x Hence, the required LF.= 6.2, 07, State True or False for the following: (@ Integrating factor ofthe differential equation of the form fee ts So Ax=0, ingvendy lM. (i Solution of the differential equation of the type (ii Correct substitution for the solution of the differenti equation of the type a = f(x,y), where fx, y) is @ homogeneous function of zero degree is y= vz. (ia) Correct substitution for the solution of the differential equation of the type Fe g(x,y), where g (x, y) is @ homogeneous function of the degree zero is x= vy. (©) Number of arbitrary constants in the particular solution of a differential equation of order two is two. (ci) The differential equation representing the family of circles 32+ (y-ajt= a will be of order two. ve (cy The sotutin of = (2)" sy? 2? =e Differential equation representing the family of curves 2 yre(Acosx4 Bsina) ish -28 42y <0. : (@) The solution of differential equation “2+? ig xeyske. aoe a og it Vican(¥ Solution of “2 = 2 (2) 7 (@) Solution of “HL — y +x tans sin{£) ~cx. “52 M@ NCERT Exemeran Prostens MarHewanics-XIl (4) The differential equation of all non-horizontal ines in a 2 plane is eo 0. Sol. ()) True LR of the given differential equation i pregisdl AY oy +Bx=Qiser (i) True (ii) True (iv) True (0) False Since particular solution of a differential equation has no, arbitrary constant. (vi) False ‘We know that the order of the differential equation is, equal to the number of arbitrary constants. (i True The given differential equation is Le ( ie -(@) ayy? dy de 2. ges eg aE. Integrating both sides, we get dy jae A rs ijae ae a Jy ay = fx 8 ax aq yh. ek se -3t1 “Ket 3 a 3K = pie bx te = pba Be2e 5 Ys—x4 =t[k=2e] 3 True Given equation is y= &(Acosx+B sina) Differentiating both sides, we get dy a =e (Asin x +B cos.x)+(A cosx+Bsinx) ds Bm e (Asin x +B cosa) +y DirFerenral Equations 363,Again differentiating w.rt. x, we get 2 #8 etchans-ningedeh sang c+ ee a ey yo 2 £4 ott oy 0 (ix) True ‘The given differential equation is dy x42y aie Hy isk Ww fy ae Ben gy ee ya RE Here P= 3 and Q=1 2 Integrating factor LF. = ef = = ¢2iesx = gee = +. Solution is y*LR= [QxLR.dxte = yx§efrpare y i y i. = go lpete = 3-75 i kunnin rae, ie ix (2) True ‘The given differential equation is wih y+xtan(4) ely > EwGt = etl x, dr x sor = Beye Put your = aoe do _ ox ) = ote 2 = Ba tan(® ee ten(= 354 NCERT Exenevar Prostens MarHewarics-XIl, ax do do 2 ver eotuny = ite ote = xf stuns OO wang go emma Integrating both sides, we get foot odo = (2 = log sin v= log x+log = logsin v—logx=loge = login & ~Iog xe : sind =x (x) True Tety=m* cbe the non-horizontal in in a plane Gem and £Y 20, goo DirrerenmiaL Eauarions 355